1058:
892:
1402:
3281:
the two. Folklorist-anthropologist
Komatsu Kazuhiko has suggested that yōkai are 'unworshipped' kami and kami are 'worshipped' yokai. Both kami and yōkai reflect a way of thinking often called animistic, meaning that the things in the world around us - rocks, rivers, even musical instruments - can possess animating forces or spirits. Within such an animistic world, we can imagine a continuum. On one end, where yōkai cluster, we have everything that seems troublesome, undesirable, unworshipped. The other end contains helpful, desirable, and worshipped things - generally called kami. But these are extremes, and any individual entity can move along this continuum. If a 'bad' yōkai does something 'good,' we might consider it a kami, and vice versa.
962:
1583:
2222:
1001:
1032:
914:
936:
29:
7984:
72:
2842:, the emphasis is often on the first character 妖 yao, which connotes bewilderment and enchantment and supernatural affliction - for example, their ability to take on human form in order to seduce and to enthrall human beings. In the yokai, the emphasis appears to be on the 怪 guai, or on their monstrous and aberrant nature and anatomy. Japanese yokai in popular culture often includes elements of the cute, comical, the goofy, and the bizarre.
7974:
2997:
3280:
although it is tempting to think in terms of a simple opposition - kami good and yōkai bad - the line between the two is blurry. Yanagita Kunio, the father of folkloristics in Japan, suggested that yōkai are kami that have 'degraded' over time, an idea that suggests an intimate relationship between
2860:
Some, such as the nekomata (cat yokai) and tanuki (raccoon yokai), resemble
Chinese yaoguai, which encompasses any number of shapeshifting animals and plants who have learnt to cultivate human form and other supernatural arts. The cat yokai, for example resembles the Chinese 仙狸 or "leopard cat
1971:
Types include the cry of weasels, the howling of foxes, the bustling of mice, the rising of the chicken, the cry of the birds, the pooping of the birds on clothing, and sounds similar to voices that come from cauldrons and bottles. These types of things appear in the
576:, which are generally regarded as relatively beneficent in comparison, and class the two as ultimately the same type of spirits of nature or of a mythological realm. Their behavior can range from malevolent or mischievous to benevolent to humans.
2551:
are spoken about in legends in various forms, but traditional oral storytelling by the elders and the older people is rare, and regionally unique situations and background in oral storytelling are not easily conveyed. For example, the classical
2864:
Yet others are uniquely
Japanese, such as the ambivalent and occasionally cute kappa, the haradashi - a goofy yokai with its belly on its face, and the mumashika, which are comical-looking yokai with horse heads and deer bodies.
725:, their causes and phenomena related to them varies greatly throughout Japanese culture and historical periods; typically, the older the time period, the higher the number of phenomena deemed to be supernatural and the result of
2644:, even though people understand the words and what they refer to, they are not able to imagine it as something that could be realistic. Thus, the modernization of society has had a negative effect on the place of
2820:, there is also the opinion that it is unreasonable to criticize modern creations without doing the same for classical creations too. Furthermore, there is a favorable view that says that introducing various
1057:
791:
were performed, aiming to quell maleficent spirits, prevent misfortune and alleviate the fear arising from phenomena and events that otherwise had no explanation. The ritual for converting
1821:, which told tales of thrown away none-too-precious objects that come to have a spirit residing in them planning evil deeds against humans, and ultimately get exorcised and sent to peace.
735:, spirit-like entities were believed to reside in all things, including natural phenomena and objects. Such spirits possessed emotions and personalities: peaceful spirits were known as
2741:, and essays, it has been pointed out by modern research that there are some mixed in that do not come from classics, but were newly created. Some well-known examples of these are the
2025:
It was in this era that the technology of the printing press and publication was first started to be widely used, that a publishing culture developed, and was frequently a subject of
2207:
depictions that were treasured in temples and shrines were able to become something more familiar to people, and it is thought that this is the reason that even though
850:
that failed to achieve deification as benevolent spirits, whether through a lack of sufficient veneration or through losing worshippers and thus their divinity, became
493:
comprises two characters that both mean "suspicious, doubtful", and while the
Japanese name is simply the Japanese transliteration or pronunciation of the Chinese term
1888:
977:
440:
961:
764:, accruing status as protective spirits who brought fortune to those who worshipped them. Animals, objects and natural features or phenomena were also venerated as
1827:
1000:
2710:
891:
2659:
introduced through mass media are not limited to only those that come from classical sources like folklore, and just as in the Edo period, new fictional
2582:. Furthermore, in the suburbs, and other regions, even when living in a primary-sector environment, there are tools that are no longer seen, such as the
1816:
2427:
1714:
869:
and paintings beginning to standardize, evolving more into caricatures than fearsome spiritual entities. Elements of the tales and legends surrounding
4341:
2814:
is making light of tradition and legends. However, since there have already been those from the Edo period like Sekien
Toriyama who created many new
4402:
2246:
1939:
2346:
503:
has taken on multiple different meanings particular to a
Japanese context, including referring to a large number of uniquely Japanese creatures.
3116:
953:
1975:
7500:
4173:
2914:
2446:
4205:
1074:
433:
4959:
2613:
1546:) turned into a poisonous snake upon death and plagued the water in a paddy, but eventually became deified as the "wisdom god of the well".
7028:
6043:
2337:, Western ideas and translated western publications began to make an impact, and western tales were particularly sought after. Things like
1031:
1023:
327:
3629:
1039:
6602:
2502:
shops that continued to exist until around the 1970s, as well as television contributed to the public knowledge and familiarity with
806:
426:
2119:
no one has ever heard of before, resulting in some that were simply made up for the purpose of telling an entertaining story. The
4353:
4137:
6892:
4695:
3110:
566:. However, most Japanese generally think of the two loose classes of spirits as highly different, although some academics and
222:
2729:
through encyclopedias, illustrated reference books, and dictionaries as a part of children's horror books, but along with the
6956:
4324:
4305:
4215:
4194:
3972:
3866:
3835:
3799:
3747:
3713:
3679:
3648:
3448:
3293:
2048:
fixed, spreading throughout Japan. For example, before the Edo period, there were plenty of interpretations about what the
1568:
in other areas. From these examples, it can be seen that among
Japanese gods, there are some beings that can go from god to
4395:
4375:
2453:
1506:
that appear in this literature were passed on to later generations. Despite the literature mentioning and explaining these
1467:, among other kinds of mysterious phenomena can already be seen in them. In the Heian period, collections of stories about
1401:
935:
2874:
8013:
6904:
2482:
have been introduced in various kinds of media, they have become well known among the old, the young, men and women. The
7917:
7243:
6988:
4282:
4091:
4069:
4044:
3230:, p. 13 " both of the graphs that signify yōkai, 妖, and 怪, carry the meaning of 'suspicious' or 'doubtful.'"
1513:
875:
began to be depicted in public entertainment, beginning as early as the Middle Ages in Japan. During and following the
7238:
6983:
4259:
4238:
4126:
3266:
2838:
and
Japanese yokai include strange, supernatural beings with shapeshifting tendencies. In the Chinese version of the
7861:
7123:
6976:
6971:
6966:
2632:(1925–1935), except for some who were evacuated to the countryside, they would feel that those things that become
6927:
6897:
4388:
2414:, which were adoptions of European tales such as the Grimm fairy tale "Godfather Death" and the Italian opera
1522:, but actual visual depictions would only come later in the Middle Ages, from the Kamakura period and beyond.
6595:
5998:
4582:
2042:
shops that handled such books spread and became widely used, making the general public's impression of each
1473:
and other supernatural phenomena were published in multiple volumes, starting with publications such as the
3820:
3732:
2826:
characters through these books nurtured creativity and emotional development of young readers of the time.
2715:
2703:". This terminology was also used in recent publications dealing with urban legends, and the researcher on
1045:
913:
476:
859:
Over time, phenomena and events thought to be supernatural became fewer and fewer, with the depictions of
749:, brought ill fortune, such as illness and natural disasters. Neither type of spirit was considered to be
7794:
7530:
7133:
6945:
5609:
3958:
3252:
3057:
2009:
in our society is a representation of our feelings that arise from fear", and already in this era, while
570:
practitioners acknowledge similarities within the seeming dichotomy between the natures of them and most
7380:
7035:
3081:
7839:
7390:
7138:
3075:
2462:, and so it can be seen that folktales that come from the West became adapted into Japanese tales of
2102:
409:
359:
4600:
3100:- A class of Chinese supernatural beings with shapeshifting abilities and other supernatural powers.
1693:
1654:
extermination could be said to be a result of emphasizing the superior status of human society over
7495:
7442:
7248:
6998:
6824:
6637:
6588:
3091:
1914:(volume 4), collections of tales that seem to come from China were adapted into a Japanese setting.
141:
4665:
3983:
1484:
110:
7959:
7585:
6922:
6814:
4564:
4182:
4054:
4029:
3694:
3119:- Legendary creatures and entities in Chinese folklore, many of which also recur in Japanese lore
3052:
2432:
2411:
2213:
were originally things to be feared, they have then become characters that people feel close to.
697:
by taking inspiration from folk-tales or purely from their own imagination. Today, several such
7812:
7316:
6961:
6937:
6887:
6131:
5281:
4914:
1421:
The ancient times were a period abundant in literature and folktales mentioning and explaining
499:(which designates similarly strange creatures), some Japanese commentators argue that the word
7168:
4683:
3605:
1848:
that were mentioned only in writing were given a visual appearance in the Middle Ages. In the
7103:
7067:
6882:
6683:
4156:
1764:
1391:, in the fifth volume, there is the statement, "Sagami no Nyudo was not at all frightened by
683:
as personifications of "supernatural or unaccountable phenomena to their informants". In the
226:
5726:
1217:
of Greek mythology, by their location or the phenomena associated with their manifestation.
7937:
7829:
7014:
7007:
6678:
5135:
2571:
2417:
2107:
became popular in the Edo period, it is thought that one reason for the appearance of new
2090:
1773:, and despite attacking people after doing this, he was still deified as a god in the end.
8:
7824:
7321:
7210:
7173:
7148:
6951:
6802:
6423:
6142:
5436:
2981:
2153:
1415:
992:
600:, commonly depicted with wings), but may also appear humanoid in appearance, such as the
6259:
4878:
514:
7977:
7490:
7470:
7460:
7333:
7271:
7228:
7042:
6914:
6874:
6829:
6744:
6729:
6627:
6622:
6048:
5517:
4964:
4752:
4419:
4362:
4294:
4227:
4110:
4079:
4017:
4009:
2953:
2893:
2620:
2535:
2353:
905:
55:
20:
5789:
5690:
4160:
2301:
2157:
1516:, which came from the later Heian period, there are visual expressions of the idea of
1341:
to not refer to any one phenomenon in particular, but to strange phenomena in general.
758:
One's ancestors and particularly respected departed elders could also be deemed to be
39:
7942:
7856:
7535:
7410:
7153:
6807:
6718:
6712:
6673:
6661:
6104:
5935:
4609:
4573:
4429:
4411:
4320:
4301:
4278:
4255:
4234:
4211:
4190:
4187:
An
Introduction to Yōkai Culture: Monsters, Ghosts, and Outsiders in Japanese History
4122:
4087:
4065:
4040:
4021:
3968:
3862:
3831:
3795:
3743:
3709:
3675:
3644:
3444:
3262:
2438:
2334:
2149:
1535:
927:
480:
372:
205:
61:
8008:
5126:
4546:
4249:
4004:
7987:
7851:
7697:
7553:
7522:
7223:
7021:
6791:
6693:
6632:
6122:
5526:
5308:
5290:
4905:
4761:
4636:
4492:
3999:
3015:
2939:
2788:
2519:
2320:
1920:
1593:
1582:
1549:
1525:
1462:
1405:
1365:
587:
199:
7375:
6113:
5463:
4618:
4371:
3301:
2015:
were being researched, it indicated that there were people who questioned whether
1855:
899:
308:
7932:
7480:
7078:
6853:
6796:
6531:
5771:
5391:
4975:
4932:
4519:
4465:
4438:
4115:
3962:
3256:
2096:
1512:, they were never given any visual depictions. In Buddhist paintings such as the
1350:
1049:
688:
5762:
4474:
3078:- Some Chinese ghosts are identical to the Japanese yūrei in character or nature
2564:
can only be felt as something realistic by living close to nature, such as with
2167:
1492:
1476:
1355:
815:
464:
124:
7912:
7907:
7405:
7233:
7183:
7108:
6932:
6769:
6688:
6564:
6559:
6549:
6513:
6333:
6286:
6187:
6095:
5717:
5445:
5317:
5020:
4869:
4645:
3851:
3085:
3042: – Figures in Japanese folklore similar to ghosts, distinct from the yōkai
2971:
2951:
in the popular imagination. Other popular works focusing on yōkai include the
2934:
2905:
2764:
2672:
2539:
2523:
2130:
1648:
became more and more seen as subjects of entertainment. For examples, tales of
603:
288:
6569:
6059:
5845:
5798:
4815:
4674:
4483:
3786:
2515:
2423:
2259:
2221:
2173:
1859:
1667:
1610:
165:
8002:
7807:
7684:
7657:
7353:
7262:
7195:
7163:
7118:
7113:
6836:
6819:
6241:
5106:
4941:
4806:
4716:
4591:
3882:
2976:
2958:
1789:
1320:
1204:
949:
674:
629:
414:
5636:
2638:
are "not familiar" and "not very understandable". For example, in classical
2003:, but it was prefaced with the statement "it can be said that the so-called
1959:, which stated, "Among the commoners in my society, there are many kinds of
628:
are typically described as having spiritual or supernatural abilities, with
7834:
7475:
7218:
7158:
7098:
6870:
6764:
6739:
6734:
6700:
6405:
6315:
5818:
5564:
5454:
5117:
4851:
3708:. KODANSHA Official File Magazine. Vol. 10. Kodansha. pp. 30–31.
3036: – Spiritlike creature from Japanese folklore, distinct from the yōkai
3002:
2966:
2666:
2514:
play a role in attracting tourism revitalizing local mecca regions such as
1928:
1345:
472:
387:
381:
313:
158:
4993:
4923:
4501:
3196:
included further subcategories named after the colors of their jackets. A
3192:
3113: – Legendary creatures and entities in traditional Japanese mythology
2629:
2340:
96:
7901:
7886:
7819:
7662:
7647:
7637:
7590:
7548:
7540:
7370:
7143:
7049:
6759:
6724:
6268:
6250:
6223:
6214:
6086:
5863:
5708:
5555:
5409:
5189:
5038:
4896:
4707:
4447:
3497:[Escaping the oni by the spiritual power of the Vijaya Dharani],
2884:
are often referred to as
Japanese spirits or East Asian ghosts, like the
2744:
1980:, methods of exorcising them can be seen, so it should serve as a basis."
1438:
1374:
have become quite dreadful", which are the first appearances of the word
617:
337:
131:
6369:
6304:
6232:
5780:
5654:
5627:
5371:
5225:
4537:
4456:
4013:
3438:
Saikaku to Ukiyoe zōshi kenkyū: dai-2-gō furoku. Kaiibutsu sashie taizen
3200:(yellow) referred to those catering to adult audiences; there were also
921:
7896:
7747:
7672:
7642:
7622:
7617:
7580:
7570:
7563:
7558:
7544:
7512:
7205:
7128:
6846:
6786:
6781:
6656:
6554:
6414:
6277:
6205:
6196:
6068:
6025:
5962:
5953:
5908:
5854:
5663:
5582:
5508:
5490:
5427:
5299:
5272:
5092:
5056:
4860:
4627:
3640:
3261:. Oakland, California: University of California Press. pp. 20–21.
2887:
2697:, these urban legends began to be referred to in mass media as "modern
2680:
2485:
2122:
1621:
started to appear. While there were religious publications such as the
969:
876:
684:
303:
298:
6360:
6034:
5744:
5153:
4510:
1230:("A Complete Dictionary of Japanese Folklore", Sogo Nihon Minzoku Goi)
71:
28:
7947:
7737:
7652:
7632:
7465:
7450:
7301:
6841:
6504:
6432:
6324:
5989:
5971:
5944:
5672:
5418:
5382:
5144:
5074:
5065:
4887:
4797:
4788:
4725:
4317:
Japandemonium Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien
3084: – Indigenous Ryukyuan belief system (legendary beings from the
2927:
2607:
2497:
2361:
2289:
2271:
2037:
1602:
866:
351:
212:
151:
79:
7073:
6016:
5243:
5162:
4842:
4380:
711:) are mistakenly thought to originate in more traditional folklore.
368:
193:
7881:
7732:
7627:
7575:
7507:
7363:
7311:
7200:
6774:
6705:
6495:
6450:
6441:
6378:
6295:
6077:
5917:
5881:
5681:
5600:
5573:
5481:
5335:
5326:
5261:
5252:
5216:
5207:
5101:
5002:
4950:
4743:
4555:
4528:
3069:
2962:
2583:
2201:
as characters. Thus, with the development of a publishing culture,
2190:
1992:
1737:
1386:
943:
534:
394:
344:
6580:
6522:
6486:
5899:
5836:
5047:
3964:
Pandemonium and Parade: Japanese Monsters and the Culture of Yōkai
3039:
3033:
1541:
271:
250:
7757:
7752:
7727:
7692:
7667:
7612:
7455:
7427:
7415:
7358:
6611:
6342:
6007:
5980:
5827:
5546:
5400:
5362:
5234:
5198:
5180:
5083:
4833:
4824:
4779:
4734:
4149:
Nachrichten der Gesellschaft für Natur- und Völkerkunde Ostasiens
4142:
und das Spiel mit Fiktion in der edozeitlichen Bildheftliteratur"
3883:"Japanese Yokai Meaning & List with Pictures of these Demons"
3493:"Sonshō darani no genriki ni yorite oni no nan wo nogaruru koto"
3097:
2909:
2846:
2839:
2835:
2752:
2161:
2139:
1642:, were intended more for entertainment, starting the trend where
1557:
779:
Despite the existence of harmful spirits, rituals for converting
732:
706:
495:
236:
179:
172:
5011:
3819:
2665:
continue to be invented, such as scary school stories and other
7846:
7762:
7742:
7722:
7420:
7385:
7326:
6754:
6749:
6468:
6459:
6169:
6160:
5926:
5618:
5591:
5537:
5499:
5472:
5344:
5171:
5029:
4984:
4770:
3930:
3906:
2845:
Some creatures appear in both Chinese and Japanese folklore as
2757:. For example, Arifumi Sato is known to be a creator of modern
2598:(a bucket used for getting water from a well), and there exist
2579:
2398:, they actually became well known among the populace through a
2375:
2249:. It introduced folktales from Europe, such as the Grimm Tales.
2182:
1707:(concerning serpent/dragon-folk oppressed by a giant centipede
1451:
expositioned on legends from the ancient past, and mentions of
1446:
1430:
1326:
1108:
738:
567:
117:
103:
89:
3072: – Legendary creatures from Korean mythology and folklore
1925:
by Terajima Ryōan, a collection of tales based on the Chinese
1197:
Miscellaneous or appearance compounding more than one category
7952:
7922:
7891:
7802:
7784:
7717:
7712:
7597:
7395:
7348:
7306:
7294:
7289:
7284:
7279:
6666:
6396:
6351:
6178:
6151:
5872:
5809:
5735:
5699:
5353:
3027:
2919:
2491:
1214:
656:
595:
484:
401:
293:
257:
4254:. Pantheon Fairy Tale & Folklore Library. Random House.
3258:
The Book of Yōkai: Mysterious Creatures of Japanese Folklore
2930:, and is one of the first Western publications of its kind.
2802:
There has been much criticism that this mixing of classical
2723:
During the 1970s, many books were published that introduced
2628:
As a result, even for those born in the first decade of the
2329:
from the point of view of a plant pathologist and herbalist.
2274:
in January. It was a performance in which appeared numerous
1965:(mysterious phenomena), often mispronounced by commoners as
1871:
came after the period of warring states, in the Edo period.
1599:
Medieval Japan was a time period where publications such as
7927:
7769:
7602:
7485:
7400:
7343:
6387:
5890:
3407:
3405:
3403:
1489:, and in these publications, mentions of phenomena such as
572:
318:
186:
3417:
3388:
1538:. Yasaburo was originally a bandit whose vengeful spirit (
7779:
7774:
7707:
7702:
7338:
5753:
5645:
3998:(2, Religion and Identity in Japan since 1940): 321–340.
3352:
3021:
2902:
can also be interpreted as something strange or unusual.
2575:
1454:
1335:
appear very often in the imperial court", using the word
243:
3400:
3105:
Lists of supernatural creatures from East Asian folklore
2075:
Also, including other kinds of publications, other than
3984:"Traversing the Natural, Supernatural, and Paranormal:
3662:
3660:
3376:
3364:
6529:
6520:
6511:
6502:
6493:
6484:
6475:
6466:
6457:
6448:
6439:
6430:
6421:
6412:
6403:
6394:
6385:
6376:
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5987:
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2605:
2599:
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2367:
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2324:
2314:
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2253:
2240:
2229:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2188:
2180:
2165:
2143:
2128:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2100:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2067:
2061:
2055:
2049:
2043:
2035:
2026:
2016:
2010:
2004:
1998:
1990:
1984:
1973:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1918:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1886:
1866:
1849:
1843:
1833:
1825:
1814:
1805:
1799:
1793:
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1777:
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1600:
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1563:
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1529:
1517:
1507:
1501:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1468:
1460:
1452:
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1436:
1428:
1422:
1409:
1392:
1384:
1375:
1369:
1359:
1336:
1330:
1318:
1297:
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1257:
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1218:
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1134:
1124:
1118:
1078:
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1012:
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967:
941:
919:
897:
880:
870:
860:
851:
845:
839:
798:
792:
786:
780:
771:
765:
759:
750:
744:
743:, who brought good fortune; violent spirits, known as
736:
726:
720:
704:
698:
692:
678:
633:
623:
615:
609:
601:
593:
585:
579:
506:
488:
33:
3532:
3520:
3508:
3474:
2896:", both of which hail from Japanese legend. The term
2691:. From 1975 onwards, starting with the popularity of
2081:
born from folk legend, there were also many invented
2060:, but because of books and publishing, the notion of
1926:
592:, depicted as appearing similar to a turtle, and the
4189:. Japan Publishing Industry Foundation for Culture.
4059:
Yōkaigaku shinkō: Yōkai kara miru nihonjin no kokoro
3657:
3556:
3462:
3328:
3316:
3233:
2992:
2066:
became anchored to what is now the modern notion of
1117:, dividing them into categories as presented in the
1063:
Theatre Curtain with Yokai by Kawanabe Kyōsai (1880)
3340:
3221:
2985:. They often play major roles in Japanese fiction.
2933:Yōkai remain prevalent in modern works of fiction.
2604:that are reminiscent of old lifestyles such as the
4293:
4277:] (in Japanese). Frosty Snow Monk Publishing.
4226:
4114:
3064:Other supernatural beings from East Asian folklore
2113:was a demand for entertaining ghost stories about
2087:that were created through puns or word plays; the
632:being the most common trait associated with them.
4296:Yokai Attack! The Japanese Monster Survival Guide
2975:film series, which was loosely remade in 2005 as
8000:
3667:Kyogoku, Natsuhiko; Tada, Katsumi, eds. (2008),
1159:Categories depending on the source of mutation:
3429:
3117:List of supernatural beings in Chinese folklore
2857:(魑魅魍魉), and the nine-tailed fox demons (九尾狐).
2142:, and there are artists that have drawn famous
1937:
1767:was a lightning god who took on the form of an
1712:
1691:
1622:
1224:
1084:
1077:studied the literature and paintings depicting
975:
804:
654:
639:
550:
531:
512:
453:
19:"Yokai" redirects here. For the character, see
4174:Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
3174:
3164:
3154:
3144:
2915:Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
2304:played the role of many of these, such as the
1946:
1721:
1700:
1629:
1562:are sometimes treated as gods in one area and
1358:, there is the statement "there are tenacious
1273:
1239:
1091:
984:
813:
663:
646:
559:
542:
523:
462:
7029:The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction
6596:
4396:
3815:
3813:
3811:
2415:
1528:was originally a local god but turned into a
584:often have animal-like features (such as the
434:
4363:Database of images of Strange Phenomena and
3782:
3780:
3778:
1893:, a collection of tales of various monsters.
1168:Reincarnation or afterworld related mutation
3666:
3470:. Vol. 5. Heibonsha. pp. 403–407.
2216:
1097:
821:
622:), while others have no discernible shape.
6603:
6589:
4403:
4389:
3825:Shōwa no kodomo: Natsukashi no yōkai zukan
3808:
3737:Hontō ni iru nihon no 'gendai yōkai' zukan
3580:
3435:
2829:
441:
427:
16:Supernatural beings from Japanese folklore
4039:(in Japanese). Kadokawa gakugei shuppan.
4003:
3775:
3731:
3727:
3725:
3586:
3094:- A class of Chinese demons from Buddhism
2386:were misunderstood as a kind of Japanese
1577:
1176:Categories based on external appearance:
4372:Collection: Supernatural in Japanese Art
3830:. Art Book hon no mori. pp. 16–19.
3255:(14 January 2015). "Introducing Yōkai".
2773:, in writings concerning research about
2220:
1581:
1400:
614:resemble inanimate objects (such as the
27:
4053:
4028:
3574:
3550:
3538:
3526:
3514:
3480:
3436:Kondō, Mizuki; Saeki, Takahiro (2007),
3423:
3411:
3394:
3370:
3358:
3334:
3322:
3300:. The Obakemono Project. Archived from
2853:(水虎), the wilderness demons denoted as
2735:that come from classics like folklore,
8001:
4207:The Night Parade of One Hundred Demons
4078:
3981:
3957:
3850:
3722:
3693:
3674:, Kokusho Kankokai, pp. 272–273,
3562:
3382:
3346:
3251:
3239:
3227:
3111:List of legendary creatures from Japan
2937:, the manga creator of such series as
2785:do exist, and Mizuki himself, through
1165:Spiritual or mentally related mutation
687:(1603 to 1868), many artists, such as
6957:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
6584:
4410:
4384:
3992:Japanese Journal of Religious Studies
3703:DISCOVER yōkai: nihon yōkai daihyakka
3628:
3594:. Kokusho Kankokai. pp. 365–367.
2868:
2264:1900: Performance of the kabuki play
2138:They are also frequently depicted in
4376:University of Michigan Museum of Art
3047:Japanese museums on the supernatural
2179:In this period, toys and games like
1936:1716: In the specialized dictionary
1832:, depicting many different kinds of
885:became more defined and formalized.
6610:
2720:, used this especially frequently.
1302:(animals, either real or imaginary)
13:
7918:LGBT themes in speculative fiction
7244:Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien
4102:
3967:. University of California Press.
3701:. In Kōdansha Comic Create (ed.).
2849:or yokai. Such as the scaly water
1514:Hell Scroll (Nara National Museum)
1329:purification is performed because
1311:
14:
8025:
4335:
3697:(2008). "Asobi no naka no yōkai"
2875:Category:Yōkai in popular culture
2779:, pointed out that newly created
1874:
1615:, and other visual depictions of
1213:are classified, similarly to the
731:. According to Japanese ideas of
7983:
7982:
7972:
4292:Yoda, Hiroko; Alt, Matt (2012).
3821:Yōkaiō (Yamaguchi Bintarō) Group
3669:Yōkaigahon kyōka hyakumonogatari
3141:The index has the heading reikai
2995:
2372:were even depicted in classical
1754:that come from even older times.
1056:
1030:
999:
960:
934:
912:
890:
70:
7973:
6928:Ballantine Adult Fantasy series
4005:10.18874/jjrs.48.2.2021.321-339
3923:
3899:
3875:
3844:
3756:
3687:
3622:
3598:
3486:
3456:
3184:
3135:
2650:in classical Japanese culture.
2471:
2445:. Later works of Kyōka such as
2323:. Shirai expositioned on plant
1989:by Masayoshi Kitao. This was a
4086:(in Japanese). Chikuma shobo.
3950:
3794:. Rakkosha. pp. 226–231.
3504:(in Japanese), Book 14, No. 42
3286:
3245:
2592:(a large cooking pot), or the
1162:Mutation related to this world
1014:Saigama to Ukiyo Soushi Kenkyu
1:
4229:Annotated Myths & Legends
3463:Minzokugaku kenkyujo (1956).
3123:
2963:Inuyasha: A Feudal Fairy Tale
2490:from before the war, and the
2172:books made by artists of the
2135:are known examples of these.
2054:were that were classified as
1879:
1742:(about a giant snake). These
1364:", as well as a statement by
638:that shapeshift are known as
281:Mythical and sacred locations
3215:
3010:Japanese supernatural beings
2892:legend or the story of the "
2234:by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi, 1892
1194:Natural object or phenomenon
1046:Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro
879:, the mythology and lore of
7:
6946:The Encyclopedia of Fantasy
6530:
6521:
6512:
6503:
6494:
6485:
6476:
6467:
6458:
6449:
6440:
6431:
6422:
6413:
6404:
6395:
6386:
6377:
6368:
6359:
6350:
6341:
6332:
6323:
6314:
6303:
6294:
6285:
6276:
6267:
6258:
6249:
6240:
6231:
6222:
6213:
6204:
6195:
6186:
6177:
6168:
6159:
6150:
6141:
6130:
6121:
6112:
6103:
6094:
6085:
6076:
6067:
6058:
6042:
6033:
6024:
6015:
6006:
5997:
5988:
5979:
5970:
5961:
5952:
5943:
5934:
5925:
5916:
5907:
5898:
5889:
5880:
5871:
5862:
5853:
5844:
5835:
5826:
5817:
5808:
5797:
5788:
5779:
5770:
5761:
5752:
5743:
5734:
5725:
5716:
5707:
5698:
5689:
5680:
5671:
5662:
5653:
5644:
5635:
5626:
5617:
5608:
5599:
5590:
5581:
5572:
5563:
5554:
5545:
5536:
5525:
5516:
5507:
5498:
5489:
5480:
5471:
5462:
5453:
5444:
5435:
5426:
5417:
5408:
5399:
5390:
5381:
5370:
5361:
5352:
5343:
5334:
5325:
5316:
5307:
5298:
5289:
5280:
5271:
5260:
5251:
5242:
5233:
5224:
5215:
5206:
5197:
5188:
5179:
5170:
5161:
5152:
5143:
5134:
5125:
5116:
5100:
5091:
5082:
5073:
5064:
5055:
5046:
5037:
5028:
5019:
5010:
5001:
4992:
4983:
4974:
4958:
4949:
4940:
4931:
4922:
4913:
4904:
4895:
4886:
4877:
4868:
4859:
4850:
4841:
4832:
4823:
4814:
4805:
4796:
4787:
4778:
4769:
4760:
4751:
4742:
4733:
4724:
4715:
4706:
4682:
4673:
4664:
4644:
4635:
4626:
4617:
4608:
4599:
4590:
4581:
4572:
4563:
4554:
4545:
4536:
4527:
4518:
4509:
4500:
4491:
4482:
4473:
4464:
4455:
4446:
4437:
4428:
4121:. Oxford University Press.
3632:ed., tr. (February 1999).
3587:Tachikawa, Kiyoshi (1987).
3190:Picture books classed as a
3058:Shodoshima Yokai Art Museum
2988:
2898:
2886:
2880:
2822:
2816:
2810:
2804:
2795:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2759:
2751:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2725:
2705:
2699:
2693:
2687:
2679:
2671:
2661:
2655:
2646:
2640:
2634:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2547:
2529:
2510:
2504:
2496:
2484:
2478:
2464:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2374:
2368:
2360:
2339:
2325:
2315:
2306:
2296:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2267:Yami no Ume Hyakumonogatari
2266:
2254:
2241:
2230:
2209:
2203:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2166:
2144:
2129:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2101:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2036:
2027:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1991:
1985:
1974:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1938:
1927:
1919:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1887:
1867:
1850:
1844:
1834:
1826:
1815:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1784:
1778:
1769:
1759:
1750:
1744:
1736:
1730:
1713:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1666:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1623:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1588:
1570:
1564:
1556:
1548:
1540:
1530:
1518:
1508:
1502:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1469:
1461:
1453:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1423:
1410:
1393:
1385:
1376:
1370:
1360:
1337:
1331:
1319:
1298:
1290:
1282:
1274:
1266:
1258:
1250:
1225:
1219:
1209:
1135:
1125:
1119:
1085:
1079:
1038:
1019:
1013:
1007:
976:
968:
942:
920:
898:
881:
871:
861:
852:
846:
840:
805:
799:
793:
787:
781:
772:
766:
760:
751:
745:
737:
727:
721:
705:
699:
693:
679:
655:
640:
634:
624:
616:
610:
602:
594:
586:
580:
551:
532:
513:
507:
489:
487:representation of the word
454:
34:
10:
8030:
8014:Japanese words and phrases
4315:Yoda, H.; Alt, M. (2016).
4034:Yōkaigaku no kiso chishiki
3861:. Shogakukan. p. 17.
3771:. Vol. 10. p. 2.
3763:"Toshi densetsu to yōkai"
3179:, "possession by spirits")
2908:'s collection of Japanese
2872:
1668:Ooe-yama Shuten-doji Emaki
1325:, there is the statement "
1306:
831:the calming of the spirits
714:
691:(1712-1788), invented new
18:
7968:
7874:
7793:
7683:
7521:
7441:
7270:
7261:
7191:
7182:
7091:
7059:
6997:
6984:List of story collections
6913:
6869:
6862:
6825:Occult detective fiction
6646:
6618:
6542:
4694:
4656:
4418:
4064:(in Japanese). Kodansha.
3589:Hyakumonogatari kaidanshū
3175:
3165:
3155:
3149:, "spirits and monsters")
3145:
3076:Ghosts in Chinese culture
2494:industry, as well as the
2313:1914: Publication of the
2252:1896: Publication of the
2239:1891: Publication of the
2103:Hyakumonogatari Kaidankai
2099:is one example. When the
1983:1788: Publication of the
1947:
1917:1712: Publication of the
1896:1706: Publication of the
1885:1677: Publication of the
1865:The next major change in
1854:, familiar tales such as
1722:
1701:
1660:. Publications included:
1630:
1427:. Literature such as the
1240:
1171:Material related mutation
1092:
985:
814:
664:
647:
560:
543:
524:
463:
7249:World Fantasy Convention
4356:Ōishi Hyōroku Monogatari
4159:: 93–104. Archived from
4083:
4061:
4036:
3858:
3827:
3791:
3764:
3739:
3705:
3698:
3671:
3636:
3607:
3591:
3501:
3494:
3467:
3440:
3128:
2217:Meiji and Taishō periods
2031:and other publications.
1798:(about a monkey). These
1760:Kitano Tenjin Engi Emaki
1223:are indexed in the book
1068:
1017:Volume 2, special issue
511:are also referred to as
7317:Fire-breathing monsters
4233:. Covent Garden Books.
4204:Meyer, Matthew (2012).
3982:Hirota, Ryūhei (2021).
3931:"Mumashika – Yokai.com"
3907:"Haradashi – Yokai.com"
3742:. Kasakura. p. 9.
3441:西鶴と浮世草子研究 第二号付録 怪異物挿絵大全
3053:Miyoshi Mononoke Museum
2830:Comparison with yaoguai
2793:, created about 30 new
2653:On the other hand, the
2422:(1850). Also, in 1908,
2366:were talked about, and
2231:Shinkei Sanjurokkei Sen
1953:, there is an entry on
1889:Shokoku Hyakumonogatari
1795:Fujibukuro Soushi Emaki
1411:Nihon-ryakushi: Susanoo
978:Shinkei Sanjurokkai Sen
776:depending on the area.
677:and historians explain
469:, "strange apparition")
7068:Dungeons & Dragons
6132:Yashima no Hage-tanuki
4248:Tyler, Royall (1987).
4225:Phillip, Neil (2000).
3465:Sōgō nihon minzoku goi
2685:, giving birth to new
2416:
2235:
2021:really existed or not.
1636:, others, such as the
1596:
1578:Post-classical history
1418:
1133:Categories based on a
360:Three Sacred Treasures
42:
7134:International Fantasy
4666:Konjaku Monogatarishū
4300:. Tuttle Publishing.
4269:Williams, S. (2018).
4157:University of Hamburg
4136:Fujimoto, N. (2008).
3959:Foster, Michael Dylan
3499:Konjaku monogatarishū
3253:Foster, Michael Dylan
2873:Further information:
2572:Japanese raccoon dogs
2437:jointedly translated
2224:
2164:, and there are also
1902:. In volumes such as
1899:Otogi Hyakumonogatari
1838:all marching together
1810:mutations of animals.
1765:Sugawara no Michizane
1585:
1485:Konjaku Monogatarishū
1404:
1191:Structure or building
1120:Nihon Yōkai Henge Shi
111:Konjaku Monogatarishū
31:
7938:Supernatural fiction
7015:Fantastic Adventures
4698:in Japanese Folklore
4696:Legendary Creatures
4319:. Dover Publishing.
4275:Silver Crossed Skies
4177:. Tuttle Publishing.
3856:Yōkai nandemo nyūmon
3789:Tondemo hon no sekai
3495:尊勝陀羅尼の験力によりて鬼の難を遁るる事
3151:, under which reikai
2918:includes stories of
2767:, a manga artist of
2418:Crispino e la comare
1694:Tawara no Tōda emaki
1348:(794–1185/1192): In
7239:Tolkien's influence
6952:Fantasy Masterworks
6905:Television programs
6713:Fairy tale parodies
4684:Uji Shūi Monogatari
4583:Taketori Monogatari
3787:To gakkai (2007).
3606:"Sesetsu kojien 3"
3426:, pp. 188–189.
3397:, pp. 205–207.
3361:, pp. 201–204.
2982:The Great Yokai War
2808:with newly created
2534:were collected) or
2458:were influenced by
2242:Seiyuu Youkai Kidan
1986:Bakemono chakutocho
1416:Tsukioka Yoshitoshi
993:Tsukioka Yoshitoshi
223:Legendary creatures
49:Part of a series on
7461:Damsel in distress
7229:Mythopoeic Society
6830:Paranormal romance
6745:Historical fantasy
6730:Fantasy of manners
6684:Children's fantasy
4367:(Monstrous Beings)
4350:(PDF; 1.1 MB)
4171:Hearn, L. (2005).
4117:Fables of the East
3769:DISCOVER妖怪 日本妖怪大百科
3733:Yamaguchi, Bintarō
3706:DISCOVER妖怪 日本妖怪大百科
3634:Edo bakemono zōshi
2954:Nurarihyon no Mago
2869:In popular culture
2536:Tottori Prefecture
2522:(where stories in
2236:
2195:, frequently used
1905:Miyazu no Ayakashi
1828:Hyakki Yagyō Emaki
1738:Dojo-ji Engi Emaki
1597:
1592:, author unknown,
1589:Hyakki Yagyo Emaki
1419:
1154:Natural phenomenon
906:Katsushika Hokusai
770:or propitiated as
57:Japanese mythology
43:
21:Yokai (Big Hero 6)
7996:
7995:
7870:
7869:
7795:Places and events
7257:
7256:
7087:
7086:
6808:Planetary romance
6719:Fairytale fantasy
6674:Alternate history
6662:Sword and sorcery
6653:Action-adventure
6578:
6577:
6105:Danzaburou-danuki
4610:Tsuru no Ongaeshi
4574:Shita-kiri Suzume
4430:Awa Tanuki Gassen
4412:Japanese folklore
4326:978-0-4868-0035-6
4307:978-4-8053-1219-3
4217:978-0-9852-1840-9
4196:978-4-86658-049-4
4062:妖怪学新考 妖怪からみる日本人の心
4055:Komatsu, Kazuhiko
4030:Komatsu, Kazuhiko
3988:in Postwar Japan"
3974:978-0-520-25361-2
3868:978-4-092-20032-6
3837:978-4-7747-0635-1
3801:978-4-903063-14-0
3749:978-4-7730-0365-9
3715:978-4-06-370040-4
3681:978-4-3360-5055-7
3650:978-4-09-362111-3
3450:978-4-305-60202-2
3414:, pp. 21–22.
3385:, pp. 12–14.
3373:, pp. 16–18.
3294:"Toriyama Sekien"
3030:- a type of yōkai
3024:- a type of yōkai
3018:- a type of yōkai
2894:Slit-mouthed girl
2834:Both the Chinese
2711:Bintarō Yamaguchi
2439:Gerhart Hauptmann
2335:Meiji Restoration
2150:Utagawa Kuniyoshi
2091:Gazu Hyakki Yagyō
1817:Tsukumogami Emaki
1534:who was slain by
1207:categorizations,
928:Utagawa Kuniyoshi
803:was known as the
481:Japanese folklore
451:
450:
8021:
7986:
7985:
7976:
7975:
7852:Enchanted forest
7496:Occult detective
7268:
7267:
7224:Lovecraft fandom
7189:
7188:
6893:highest-grossing
6867:
6866:
6854:Western fantasy
6605:
6598:
6591:
6582:
6581:
6535:
6526:
6517:
6508:
6499:
6490:
6481:
6472:
6463:
6454:
6445:
6436:
6427:
6418:
6409:
6400:
6391:
6382:
6373:
6364:
6355:
6346:
6337:
6328:
6319:
6308:
6299:
6290:
6281:
6272:
6263:
6254:
6245:
6236:
6227:
6218:
6209:
6200:
6191:
6182:
6173:
6164:
6155:
6146:
6135:
6126:
6123:Shibaemon-tanuki
6117:
6108:
6099:
6090:
6081:
6072:
6063:
6054:
6052:
6038:
6029:
6020:
6011:
6002:
5993:
5984:
5975:
5966:
5957:
5948:
5939:
5930:
5921:
5912:
5903:
5894:
5885:
5876:
5867:
5858:
5849:
5840:
5831:
5822:
5813:
5802:
5793:
5784:
5775:
5766:
5757:
5748:
5739:
5730:
5721:
5712:
5703:
5694:
5685:
5676:
5667:
5658:
5649:
5640:
5631:
5622:
5613:
5604:
5595:
5586:
5577:
5568:
5559:
5550:
5541:
5530:
5521:
5512:
5503:
5494:
5485:
5476:
5467:
5458:
5449:
5440:
5431:
5422:
5413:
5404:
5395:
5386:
5375:
5366:
5357:
5348:
5339:
5330:
5321:
5312:
5303:
5294:
5285:
5276:
5265:
5256:
5247:
5238:
5229:
5220:
5211:
5202:
5193:
5184:
5175:
5166:
5157:
5148:
5139:
5130:
5121:
5112:
5110:
5096:
5087:
5078:
5069:
5060:
5051:
5042:
5033:
5024:
5015:
5006:
4997:
4988:
4979:
4970:
4968:
4954:
4945:
4936:
4927:
4918:
4909:
4900:
4891:
4882:
4873:
4864:
4855:
4846:
4837:
4828:
4819:
4810:
4801:
4792:
4783:
4774:
4765:
4756:
4747:
4738:
4729:
4720:
4711:
4687:
4678:
4669:
4649:
4640:
4637:Yamata no Orochi
4631:
4622:
4613:
4604:
4595:
4586:
4577:
4568:
4565:Saru Kani Gassen
4559:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4514:
4505:
4496:
4493:Kachi-kachi Yama
4487:
4478:
4469:
4460:
4451:
4442:
4433:
4405:
4398:
4391:
4382:
4381:
4330:
4311:
4299:
4288:
4265:
4244:
4232:
4221:
4200:
4178:
4167:
4165:
4146:
4132:
4120:
4097:
4075:
4050:
4025:
4007:
3978:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3927:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3903:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3817:
3806:
3805:
3784:
3773:
3772:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3740:本当にいる日本の「現代妖怪」図鑑
3729:
3720:
3719:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3664:
3655:
3654:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3584:
3578:
3572:
3566:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3542:
3536:
3530:
3524:
3518:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3490:
3484:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3443:, Kasama shoin,
3433:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3409:
3398:
3392:
3386:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3356:
3350:
3344:
3338:
3332:
3326:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3277:
3275:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3209:
3188:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3139:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2940:GeGeGe no Kitaro
2901:
2891:
2883:
2825:
2819:
2813:
2807:
2798:
2792:
2789:GeGeGe no Kitaro
2784:
2778:
2772:
2762:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2734:
2728:
2719:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2676:
2664:
2658:
2649:
2643:
2637:
2624:
2611:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2550:
2542:'s birthplace).
2532:
2520:Iwate Prefecture
2513:
2507:
2501:
2489:
2481:
2467:
2457:
2436:
2421:
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2379:
2371:
2365:
2357:
2344:
2328:
2321:Mitsutaro Shirai
2318:
2316:Shokubutsu Kaiko
2309:
2300:, among others.
2299:
2293:
2285:
2279:
2269:
2257:
2244:
2233:
2226:The Heavy Basket
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2186:
2171:
2147:
2134:
2126:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2094:
2086:
2080:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2030:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1997:diagram book of
1996:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1943:
1932:
1924:
1921:Wakan Sansai Zue
1913:
1907:
1901:
1892:
1870:
1853:
1847:
1837:
1831:
1820:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1787:
1781:
1772:
1762:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1718:
1715:Tsuchigumo Zoshi
1706:
1704:
1703:
1697:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1671:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1606:
1594:Muromachi period
1591:
1574:and vice versa.
1573:
1567:
1561:
1553:
1545:
1533:
1526:Yamata no Orochi
1521:
1511:
1505:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1442:
1434:
1426:
1413:
1406:Yamata no Orochi
1396:
1390:
1379:
1373:
1366:Murasaki Shikibu
1363:
1340:
1334:
1324:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1231:
1228:
1222:
1212:
1139:'s "true form":
1138:
1128:
1126:Obake no Rekishi
1122:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1082:
1060:
1043:
1034:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1003:
990:
988:
987:
981:
973:
964:
947:
938:
925:
916:
903:
894:
884:
874:
864:
855:
849:
843:
837:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
819:
818:
810:
802:
796:
790:
784:
775:
769:
763:
754:
748:
742:
730:
724:
710:
702:
696:
682:
669:
667:
666:
660:
652:
650:
649:
643:
637:
627:
621:
613:
607:
599:
591:
583:
565:
563:
562:
556:
548:
546:
545:
539:
529:
527:
526:
520:
510:
492:
470:
468:
467:
459:
443:
436:
429:
410:Buddhist temples
200:Seven Lucky Gods
74:
64:
58:
50:
45:
44:
37:
8029:
8028:
8024:
8023:
8022:
8020:
8019:
8018:
7999:
7998:
7997:
7992:
7964:
7933:Science fiction
7866:
7789:
7679:
7586:Magical weapons
7517:
7481:Fairy godmother
7437:
7381:Talking animals
7253:
7178:
7104:British Fantasy
7083:
7055:
7036:Science Fantasy
6993:
6909:
6858:
6797:Science fantasy
6642:
6614:
6612:Fantasy fiction
6609:
6579:
6574:
6538:
6532:Zashiki-warashi
6046:
5790:Rashōmon no oni
5136:Hitotsume-nyūdō
5104:
4962:
4697:
4690:
4652:
4520:Kobutori Jiisan
4466:Hanasaka Jiisan
4439:Bunbuku Chagama
4414:
4409:
4338:
4333:
4327:
4314:
4308:
4291:
4285:
4268:
4262:
4247:
4241:
4224:
4218:
4203:
4197:
4181:
4170:
4163:
4144:
4135:
4129:
4109:
4105:
4103:Further reading
4100:
4094:
4085:
4072:
4063:
4047:
4038:
3975:
3953:
3948:
3939:
3937:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3915:
3913:
3905:
3904:
3900:
3891:
3889:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3869:
3860:
3852:Mizuki, Shigeru
3849:
3845:
3838:
3829:
3818:
3809:
3802:
3793:
3785:
3776:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3750:
3741:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3707:
3700:
3692:
3688:
3682:
3673:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3638:
3627:
3623:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3593:
3585:
3581:
3573:
3569:
3561:
3557:
3549:
3545:
3537:
3533:
3525:
3521:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3496:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3479:
3475:
3469:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3442:
3434:
3430:
3422:
3418:
3410:
3401:
3393:
3389:
3381:
3377:
3369:
3365:
3357:
3353:
3345:
3341:
3333:
3329:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3304:on 26 July 2013
3292:
3291:
3287:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3250:
3246:
3238:
3234:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3212:
3189:
3185:
3172:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2945:Kappa no Sanpei
2877:
2871:
2855:chimeiwangliang
2832:
2713:
2618:
2558:represented by
2530:Tono Monogatari
2474:
2460:The Sunken Bell
2451:
2443:The Sunken Bell
2430:
2412:San'yūtei Enchō
2380:. Although the
2351:
2302:Onoe Kikugorō V
2283:Kasa ippon ashi
2219:
2158:Kawanabe Kyōsai
2097:Toriyama Sekien
1944:
1908:(volume 1) and
1882:
1877:
1862:also appeared.
1719:
1698:
1627:
1580:
1351:The Pillow Book
1317:772 CE: in the
1314:
1312:Ancient history
1309:
1237:
1229:
1112:
1107:changed things/
1106:
1103:
1100:
1089:
1073:The folklorist
1071:
1064:
1061:
1052:
1050:Sekien Toriyama
1035:
1026:
1004:
995:
982:
965:
956:
939:
930:
917:
908:
895:
867:picture scrolls
833:
830:
827:
824:
811:
719:The concept of
717:
689:Toriyama Sekien
661:
644:
557:
540:
521:
471:are a class of
460:
447:
62:
56:
48:
40:Kawanabe Kyōsai
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8027:
8017:
8016:
8011:
7994:
7993:
7991:
7990:
7980:
7969:
7966:
7965:
7963:
7962:
7957:
7956:
7955:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7913:Horror fiction
7910:
7908:Gothic fiction
7905:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7878:
7876:
7872:
7871:
7868:
7867:
7865:
7864:
7859:
7857:Thieves' guild
7854:
7849:
7844:
7843:
7842:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7816:
7815:
7805:
7799:
7797:
7791:
7790:
7788:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7766:
7765:
7760:
7750:
7745:
7740:
7735:
7730:
7725:
7720:
7715:
7710:
7705:
7700:
7695:
7689:
7687:
7681:
7680:
7678:
7677:
7676:
7675:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7607:
7606:
7605:
7600:
7595:
7594:
7593:
7583:
7578:
7568:
7567:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7551:
7538:
7527:
7525:
7519:
7518:
7516:
7515:
7510:
7505:
7504:
7503:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7447:
7445:
7439:
7438:
7436:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7424:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7383:
7378:
7373:
7368:
7367:
7366:
7361:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7330:
7329:
7324:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7298:
7297:
7292:
7282:
7276:
7274:
7265:
7259:
7258:
7255:
7254:
7252:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7234:Tolkien fandom
7231:
7226:
7221:
7216:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7192:
7186:
7180:
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7095:
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7076:
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7063:
7061:
7057:
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7046:
7039:
7032:
7025:
7018:
7011:
7003:
7001:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6980:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6962:List of novels
6959:
6954:
6949:
6942:
6941:
6940:
6930:
6925:
6919:
6917:
6911:
6910:
6908:
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6817:
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6810:
6805:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
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6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6716:
6710:
6709:
6708:
6698:
6697:
6696:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6670:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6650:
6648:
6644:
6643:
6641:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6619:
6616:
6615:
6608:
6607:
6600:
6593:
6585:
6576:
6575:
6573:
6572:
6567:
6565:Shigeru Mizuki
6562:
6560:Lafcadio Hearn
6557:
6552:
6550:Kunio Yanagita
6546:
6544:
6540:
6539:
6537:
6536:
6527:
6518:
6514:Yume no seirei
6509:
6500:
6491:
6482:
6473:
6464:
6455:
6446:
6437:
6428:
6419:
6410:
6401:
6392:
6383:
6374:
6365:
6356:
6347:
6338:
6334:Tsurube-otoshi
6329:
6320:
6311:
6310:
6309:
6300:
6291:
6287:Koto-furunushi
6282:
6273:
6264:
6255:
6246:
6237:
6228:
6210:
6201:
6192:
6183:
6174:
6165:
6156:
6147:
6138:
6137:
6136:
6127:
6118:
6109:
6100:
6096:Tanuki-bayashi
6082:
6073:
6064:
6055:
6039:
6030:
6021:
6012:
6003:
5994:
5985:
5976:
5967:
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5886:
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5841:
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5805:
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5794:
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5767:
5749:
5740:
5731:
5722:
5713:
5704:
5695:
5686:
5677:
5668:
5659:
5650:
5641:
5632:
5623:
5614:
5605:
5596:
5587:
5578:
5569:
5560:
5551:
5542:
5533:
5532:
5531:
5513:
5504:
5495:
5486:
5477:
5468:
5459:
5450:
5446:Kuchisake-onna
5441:
5432:
5423:
5414:
5405:
5396:
5387:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5358:
5349:
5340:
5331:
5322:
5313:
5304:
5295:
5286:
5277:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5257:
5239:
5230:
5221:
5212:
5203:
5194:
5185:
5176:
5167:
5158:
5149:
5140:
5131:
5127:Hitotsume-kozō
5122:
5113:
5097:
5088:
5079:
5070:
5061:
5052:
5043:
5034:
5025:
5021:Futakuchi-onna
5016:
5007:
4998:
4989:
4980:
4971:
4955:
4946:
4937:
4928:
4919:
4910:
4901:
4892:
4883:
4874:
4870:Ashinagatenaga
4865:
4856:
4847:
4838:
4829:
4820:
4811:
4802:
4793:
4784:
4775:
4766:
4757:
4748:
4739:
4730:
4721:
4712:
4702:
4700:
4692:
4691:
4689:
4688:
4679:
4670:
4660:
4658:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4646:Yotsuya Kaidan
4641:
4632:
4623:
4614:
4605:
4596:
4587:
4578:
4569:
4560:
4551:
4547:Nezumi no Sumō
4542:
4533:
4524:
4515:
4506:
4497:
4488:
4479:
4470:
4461:
4452:
4443:
4434:
4424:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4408:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4385:
4379:
4378:
4369:
4360:
4358:Picture Scroll
4351:
4337:
4336:External links
4334:
4332:
4331:
4325:
4312:
4306:
4289:
4284:978-4480086990
4283:
4266:
4260:
4251:Japanese Tales
4245:
4239:
4222:
4216:
4201:
4195:
4179:
4168:
4166:on 2022-02-19.
4133:
4127:
4111:Ballaster, Ros
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4093:978-4480086990
4092:
4080:Miyata, Noboru
4076:
4071:978-4062923071
4070:
4051:
4046:978-4047034877
4045:
4026:
3979:
3973:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
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3922:
3898:
3874:
3867:
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3807:
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3774:
3755:
3748:
3721:
3714:
3695:Yumoto, Kōichi
3686:
3680:
3656:
3649:
3643:. p. 29.
3621:
3597:
3579:
3577:, p. 200.
3575:Komatsu (2015)
3567:
3555:
3553:, p. 213.
3551:Komatsu (2015)
3543:
3539:Komatsu (2015)
3531:
3519:
3515:Komatsu (2011)
3507:
3485:
3481:Komatsu (2011)
3473:
3455:
3449:
3428:
3424:Komatsu (2011)
3416:
3412:Komatsu (2011)
3399:
3395:Komatsu (2015)
3387:
3375:
3371:Komatsu (2011)
3363:
3359:Komatsu (2015)
3351:
3339:
3335:Komatsu (2011)
3327:
3323:Komatsu (2015)
3315:
3285:
3267:
3244:
3242:, p. 332.
3232:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3183:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3114:
3102:
3101:
3095:
3089:
3086:Ryukyu Islands
3079:
3073:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3044:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3007:
3006:
2990:
2987:
2972:Yokai Monsters
2969:and the 1960s
2935:Shigeru Mizuki
2906:Lafcadio Hearn
2870:
2867:
2831:
2828:
2765:Shigeru Mizuki
2694:kuchisake-onna
2673:kuchisake-onna
2540:Shigeru Mizuki
2524:Kunio Yanagita
2473:
2470:
2428:Chikufū Tobari
2331:
2330:
2311:
2262:
2255:Yōkaigaku Kogi
2250:
2247:Shibue Tamotsu
2218:
2215:
2023:
2022:
1981:
1940:Sesetsu Kojien
1934:
1915:
1911:Unpin no Yōkai
1894:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1875:Modern history
1873:
1840:
1839:
1822:
1811:
1788:, (both about
1785:Tamamono Soshi
1774:
1755:
1681:Zegaibou Emaki
1579:
1576:
1443:, and various
1399:
1398:
1381:
1344:Middle of the
1342:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1255:
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1172:
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1163:
1157:
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1149:
1146:
1143:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1005:
998:
996:
966:
959:
957:
940:
933:
931:
918:
911:
909:
896:
889:
716:
713:
604:kuchisake-onna
449:
448:
446:
445:
438:
431:
423:
420:
419:
418:
417:
415:Shinto shrines
412:
406:
405:
398:
391:
384:
376:
375:
365:
364:
363:
362:
356:
355:
348:
341:
331:
330:
328:Sacred objects
324:
323:
322:
321:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
283:
282:
278:
277:
276:
275:
268:
261:
254:
247:
240:
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209:
202:
197:
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183:
176:
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162:
155:
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138:
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135:
128:
121:
114:
107:
100:
93:
83:
82:
76:
75:
67:
66:
52:
51:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8026:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8006:
8004:
7989:
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7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7914:
7911:
7909:
7906:
7903:
7902:Ghost stories
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7879:
7877:
7873:
7863:
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7853:
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7845:
7841:
7838:
7837:
7836:
7833:
7831:
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7826:
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7811:
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7809:
7806:
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7800:
7798:
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7711:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7701:
7699:
7696:
7694:
7691:
7690:
7688:
7686:
7685:Fantasy races
7682:
7674:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7658:Shapeshifting
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
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7608:
7604:
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7557:
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7546:
7542:
7539:
7537:
7534:
7533:
7532:
7531:Hard and soft
7529:
7528:
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7524:
7520:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7502:
7499:
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7479:
7477:
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7444:
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7409:
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7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7388:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7356:
7355:
7354:Shapeshifters
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7319:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7277:
7275:
7273:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7260:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7213:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7193:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7181:
7175:
7174:World Fantasy
7172:
7170:
7169:Tähtifantasia
7167:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7139:Japan Fantasy
7137:
7135:
7132:
7130:
7127:
7125:
7122:
7120:
7117:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7096:
7094:
7090:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7069:
7065:
7064:
7062:
7058:
7052:
7051:
7047:
7045:
7044:
7040:
7038:
7037:
7033:
7031:
7030:
7026:
7024:
7023:
7019:
7017:
7016:
7012:
7010:
7009:
7005:
7004:
7002:
7000:
6996:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6964:
6963:
6960:
6958:
6955:
6953:
6950:
6948:
6947:
6943:
6939:
6936:
6935:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6916:
6912:
6906:
6903:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6890:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6880:
6878:
6876:
6872:
6868:
6865:
6861:
6855:
6852:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6837:Weird fiction
6835:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6822:
6821:
6820:Urban fantasy
6818:
6816:
6813:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6776:
6773:
6772:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6720:
6717:
6714:
6711:
6707:
6704:
6703:
6702:
6699:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6654:
6652:
6651:
6649:
6645:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6620:
6617:
6613:
6606:
6601:
6599:
6594:
6592:
6587:
6586:
6583:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6547:
6545:
6541:
6534:
6533:
6528:
6525:
6524:
6519:
6516:
6515:
6510:
6507:
6506:
6501:
6498:
6497:
6492:
6489:
6488:
6483:
6480:
6479:
6474:
6471:
6470:
6465:
6462:
6461:
6456:
6453:
6452:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6438:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6426:
6425:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6402:
6399:
6398:
6393:
6390:
6389:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6375:
6372:
6371:
6366:
6363:
6362:
6357:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6345:
6344:
6339:
6336:
6335:
6330:
6327:
6326:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6306:
6301:
6298:
6297:
6292:
6289:
6288:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6265:
6262:
6261:
6260:Chōchin'obake
6256:
6253:
6252:
6247:
6244:
6243:
6242:Biwa-bokuboku
6238:
6235:
6234:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6220:
6219:
6217:
6216:
6211:
6208:
6207:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6193:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6181:
6180:
6175:
6172:
6171:
6166:
6163:
6162:
6157:
6154:
6153:
6148:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6133:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6114:Inugami Gyōbu
6110:
6107:
6106:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6088:
6083:
6080:
6079:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6065:
6062:
6061:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6019:
6018:
6013:
6010:
6009:
6004:
6001:
6000:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5977:
5974:
5973:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5959:
5956:
5955:
5950:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5932:
5929:
5928:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5905:
5902:
5901:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5884:
5883:
5878:
5875:
5874:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5851:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5833:
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5815:
5812:
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5806:
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5783:
5782:
5777:
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5768:
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5549:
5548:
5543:
5540:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5528:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5518:Mikoshi-nyūdō
5514:
5511:
5510:
5505:
5502:
5501:
5496:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5478:
5475:
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5411:
5406:
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5394:
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5388:
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5379:
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5364:
5359:
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5347:
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5341:
5338:
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5332:
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5296:
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5278:
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5269:
5264:
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5231:
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5210:
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5186:
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5177:
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5147:
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5141:
5138:
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5132:
5129:
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5123:
5120:
5119:
5114:
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5108:
5103:
5098:
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5089:
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5085:
5080:
5077:
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5068:
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5026:
5023:
5022:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5005:
5004:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4972:
4969:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4942:Daidarabotchi
4938:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4902:
4899:
4898:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4807:Amazake-babaa
4803:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4731:
4728:
4727:
4722:
4719:
4718:
4717:Abura-sumashi
4713:
4710:
4709:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4693:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4662:
4661:
4659:
4655:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4619:Urashima Tarō
4615:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4592:Tamamo-no-Mae
4588:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4552:
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4548:
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4540:
4539:
4534:
4531:
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4522:
4521:
4516:
4513:
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4507:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4453:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4413:
4406:
4401:
4399:
4394:
4392:
4387:
4386:
4383:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4366:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4339:
4328:
4322:
4318:
4313:
4309:
4303:
4298:
4297:
4290:
4286:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4267:
4263:
4261:0-394-52190-0
4257:
4253:
4252:
4246:
4242:
4240:0-7513-3097-3
4236:
4231:
4230:
4223:
4219:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4175:
4169:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4151:(in German).
4150:
4143:
4141:
4134:
4130:
4128:0-19-926735-9
4124:
4119:
4118:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4095:
4089:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4067:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4042:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3987:
3980:
3976:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3912:
3908:
3902:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3870:
3864:
3857:
3853:
3847:
3839:
3833:
3828:昭和の子供 懐しの妖怪図鑑
3826:
3822:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3803:
3797:
3790:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3770:
3759:
3751:
3745:
3738:
3734:
3728:
3726:
3717:
3711:
3704:
3696:
3690:
3683:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3661:
3652:
3646:
3642:
3635:
3631:
3625:
3610:
3601:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3571:
3565:, p. 12.
3564:
3563:Miyata (2002)
3559:
3552:
3547:
3541:, p. 46.
3540:
3535:
3529:, p. 21.
3528:
3523:
3517:, p. 78.
3516:
3511:
3500:
3489:
3483:, p. 20.
3482:
3477:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3420:
3413:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3396:
3391:
3384:
3383:Miyata (2002)
3379:
3372:
3367:
3360:
3355:
3349:, p. 14.
3348:
3347:Miyata (2002)
3343:
3337:, p. 16.
3336:
3331:
3325:, p. 24.
3324:
3319:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3282:
3270:
3268:9780520271029
3264:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3248:
3241:
3240:Hirota (2021)
3236:
3229:
3228:Foster (2009)
3224:
3220:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3194:
3187:
3138:
3134:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3004:
2993:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2977:Takashi Miike
2974:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2959:Yu Yu Hakusho
2956:
2955:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2910:ghost stories
2907:
2903:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2889:
2882:
2876:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2827:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2746:
2739:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2675:
2674:
2668:
2667:urban legends
2663:
2657:
2651:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2622:
2617:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2602:
2596:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2556:
2549:
2545:In this way,
2543:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2531:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2493:
2488:
2487:
2480:
2469:
2466:
2461:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2420:
2419:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2350:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2336:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2286:, skeletons,
2284:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2223:
2214:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2175:
2170:
2169:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2098:
2093:
2092:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2034:As a result,
2032:
2029:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1923:
1922:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1872:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1856:Urashima Tarō
1852:
1846:
1842:In this way,
1836:
1830:
1829:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1791:
1790:Tamamo-no-Mae
1786:
1780:
1779:Junirui Emaki
1775:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1732:
1717:
1716:
1710:
1696:
1695:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1605:
1604:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1575:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1543:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1497:can be seen.
1495:
1494:
1487:
1486:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1456:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1383:1370: In the
1382:
1378:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1322:
1321:Shoku Nihongi
1316:
1315:
1300:
1299:dōbutsu no ke
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1235:
1234:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1110:
1087:
1081:
1076:
1059:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1002:
997:
994:
980:
979:
972:
971:
963:
958:
955:
954:Sawaki Suushi
951:
950:Hyakkai Zukan
946:
945:
937:
932:
929:
924:
923:
915:
910:
907:
902:
901:
893:
888:
887:
886:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
857:
854:
848:
842:
836:or 'requiem')
817:
809:
808:
801:
795:
789:
783:
777:
774:
768:
762:
756:
753:
747:
741:
740:
734:
729:
723:
712:
709:
708:
703:(such as the
701:
695:
690:
686:
681:
676:
671:
659:
658:
642:
636:
631:
630:shapeshifting
626:
620:
619:
612:
606:
605:
598:
597:
590:
589:
582:
577:
575:
574:
569:
555:
554:
538:
537:
536:
519:
518:
517:
509:
504:
502:
498:
497:
491:
486:
482:
478:
475:entities and
474:
466:
458:
457:
444:
439:
437:
432:
430:
425:
424:
422:
421:
416:
413:
411:
408:
407:
404:
403:
399:
397:
396:
392:
390:
389:
385:
383:
380:
379:
378:
377:
374:
370:
367:
366:
361:
358:
357:
354:
353:
349:
347:
346:
342:
340:
339:
335:
334:
333:
332:
329:
326:
325:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
286:
285:
284:
280:
279:
274:
273:
269:
267:
266:
262:
260:
259:
255:
253:
252:
248:
246:
245:
241:
239:
238:
234:
233:
232:
231:
228:
227:urban legends
224:
221:
220:
215:
214:
210:
208:
207:
203:
201:
198:
196:
195:
191:
189:
188:
184:
182:
181:
177:
175:
174:
170:
168:
167:
163:
161:
160:
156:
154:
153:
149:
148:
147:
146:
143:
140:
139:
134:
133:
129:
127:
126:
122:
120:
119:
115:
113:
112:
108:
106:
105:
101:
99:
98:
94:
92:
91:
87:
86:
85:
84:
81:
78:
77:
73:
69:
68:
65:
59:
54:
53:
47:
46:
41:
36:
30:
26:
22:
7960:Urban legend
7862:Magic school
7835:Astral plane
7830:Hollow Earth
7523:Magic system
7476:Dragonslayer
7432:
7371:Skin-walkers
7219:The Inklings
7212:Harry Potter
7211:
7066:
7048:
7041:
7034:
7027:
7020:
7013:
7006:
6944:
6765:Magical girl
6740:High fantasy
6735:Hard fantasy
6701:Dark fantasy
6679:Contemporary
6477:
6316:Tsurara-onna
5819:Onihitokuchi
5772:Kijo/Onibaba
5763:Ibaraki-dōji
5455:Kuda-gitsune
5118:Hito-gitsune
4475:Hyakki Yagyō
4364:
4355:
4346:
4342:
4316:
4295:
4274:
4270:
4250:
4228:
4206:
4186:
4172:
4161:the original
4152:
4148:
4139:
4116:
4058:
4033:
3995:
3991:
3985:
3963:
3938:. Retrieved
3934:
3925:
3914:. Retrieved
3910:
3901:
3890:. Retrieved
3887:Japan Avenue
3886:
3877:
3855:
3846:
3824:
3788:
3768:
3758:
3736:
3702:
3689:
3668:
3633:
3624:
3613:. Retrieved
3600:
3588:
3582:
3570:
3558:
3546:
3534:
3522:
3510:
3498:
3488:
3476:
3464:
3458:
3437:
3431:
3419:
3390:
3378:
3366:
3354:
3342:
3330:
3318:
3306:. Retrieved
3302:the original
3297:
3288:
3279:
3274:14 September
3272:. Retrieved
3257:
3247:
3235:
3223:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3191:
3186:
3137:
3104:
3103:
3063:
3062:
3046:
3045:
3009:
3008:
3003:Japan portal
2980:
2970:
2967:Yo-kai Watch
2952:
2948:
2944:
2938:
2932:
2923:
2913:
2904:
2878:
2863:
2861:immortal".
2859:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2833:
2801:
2722:
2652:
2630:Shōwa period
2627:
2614:
2544:
2527:
2475:
2472:Shōwa period
2459:
2448:Yasha ga Ike
2447:
2442:
2347:
2332:
2307:osakabe-hime
2297:osakabe-hime
2280:such as the
2225:
2178:
2168:Hyakki Yagyō
2137:
2074:
2033:
2024:
1929:Sancai Tuhui
1864:
1841:
1708:
1598:
1524:
1499:
1493:Hyakki Yagyō
1477:Nihon Ryōiki
1420:
1356:Sei Shōnagon
1349:
1346:Heian period
1232:as follows:
1202:
1072:
900:Chōchin-oiwa
858:
844:rituals for
778:
757:
718:
672:
578:
571:
552:
533:
515:
505:
500:
494:
473:supernatural
455:
452:
400:
393:
386:
382:Bon Festival
350:
343:
336:
314:Takamagahara
270:
264:
263:
256:
249:
242:
235:
211:
204:
192:
185:
178:
171:
164:
159:Ame-no-Uzume
157:
150:
130:
125:Nihon Ryōiki
123:
116:
109:
102:
95:
88:
80:Mythic texts
25:
7887:Epic poetry
7748:Leprechauns
7663:Thaumaturgy
7638:Incantation
7591:Magic sword
7149:Méliès d'Or
7050:Weird Tales
6803:Dying Earth
6782:Mythopoeia
6760:Low fantasy
6725:Fantastique
6570:Inoue Enryō
6543:Folklorists
6269:Ittan-momen
6251:Boroboroton
6224:Abumi-guchi
6215:Tsukumogami
6047: [
5864:Osakabehime
5799:Shuten-dōji
5709:Oboroguruma
5556:Mokumokuren
5527:Miage-nyūdō
5410:Konaki-jiji
5190:Ishinagenjo
5105: [
5039:Gashadokuro
4963: [
4897:Bake-kujira
4816:Amefurikozō
4708:Abura-akago
4675:Otogi-zōshi
4601:Tawara Tōda
4484:Issun-bōshi
4448:Hachikazuki
4183:Komatsu, K.
4155:(183–184).
3951:Works cited
3630:Kabat, Adam
3527:Komatsu2011
3204:(red) and
3171:, tsukimono
2745:gashadokuro
2714: [
2619: [
2561:tsukumogami
2452: [
2431: [
2424:Kyōka Izumi
2352: [
2348:yakubyōgami
2260:Inoue Enryō
2174:Kanō school
1860:Issun-bōshi
1792:), and the
1763:, in which
1748:were about
1734:), and the
1611:Otogi-zōshi
1439:Nihon Shoki
1251:michi no ke
1246:(mountains)
1075:Tsutomu Ema
800:nigi-mitama
788:nigi-mitama
767:nigi-mitama
761:nigi-mitama
739:nigi-mitama
675:folklorists
618:tsukumogami
338:Amenonuhoko
132:Nihon Shoki
8003:Categories
7948:Tokusatsu
7897:Fairy tale
7840:Dreamworld
7738:Hobgoblins
7673:Witchcraft
7643:Necromancy
7623:Divination
7618:Demonology
7581:Magic ring
7571:Magic item
7554:Ceremonial
7443:Characters
7364:Werewolves
7302:Elementals
7206:Filk music
7154:Mythopoeic
6989:Publishers
6915:Literature
6875:television
6847:Weird West
6787:Omegaverse
6657:Lost world
6628:Literature
6555:Keigo Seki
6278:Kasa-obake
6206:Tsuchinoko
6197:Tsuchigumo
6069:Sunekosuri
6044:Shussebora
5963:Shidaidaka
5954:Shachihoko
5909:Rokurokubi
5855:Ootakemaru
5691:Nyūdō-bōzu
5664:Nurarihyon
5637:Noppera-bō
5509:Mikaribaba
5428:Koromodako
5300:Kasa-obake
5273:Kamaitachi
5093:Hiderigami
5057:Hanako-san
4933:Chimimōryō
4861:Aosaginohi
4628:Uriko-hime
3940:2024-07-19
3916:2024-07-19
3892:2024-07-19
3672:妖怪画本 狂歌百物語
3641:Shogakukan
3615:2015-12-16
3124:References
2888:Hanako-san
2681:Hanako-san
2486:kamishibai
2154:Yoshitoshi
2123:kasa-obake
1976:Shōseiroku
1880:Edo period
1851:Otogizōshi
1731:tsuchigumo
1672:(about an
1639:Otogizōshi
1624:Jisha Engi
1368:that "the
1283:yuki no ke
1267:mizu no ke
1236:Yama no ke
1205:folklorist
1024:Tamababaki
1008:Gama Yōkai
970:Tsuchigumo
877:Edo period
847:ara-mitama
794:ara-mitama
782:ara-mitama
773:ara-mitama
746:ara-mitama
685:Edo period
304:Mount Hiei
299:Mount Fuji
142:Divinities
7943:Superhero
7928:Mythology
7825:Lost city
7733:Halflings
7653:Shamanism
7648:Runecraft
7633:Evocation
7491:Magicians
7466:Dark lord
7451:Barbarian
7411:Skeletons
7334:Gargoyles
7312:Familiars
7272:Creatures
7008:Fantastic
6999:Magazines
6842:New weird
6647:Subgenres
6505:Yuki-onna
6433:Yamajijii
6325:Tsurubebi
6188:Tōfu-kozō
5990:Shinigami
5972:Shikigami
5945:Sazae-oni
5673:Nure-onna
5419:Korpokkur
5383:Kitsunebi
5145:Hone-onna
5075:Hashihime
5066:Harionago
4994:Funayūrei
4924:Binbōgami
4888:Azukiarai
4798:Amanozako
4789:Amanojaku
4726:Aka Manto
4502:Kasa Jizō
4420:Folktales
4082:(2002).
4022:237709697
3935:yokai.com
3911:yokai.com
3298:Obakemono
3216:Citations
3202:akabyōshi
3193:kusazōshi
3082:Kijimunaa
2928:Yuki-onna
2912:entitled
2608:azukiarai
2498:kashi-hon
2407:Shinigami
2383:shinigami
2369:shinigami
2362:shinigami
2341:binbōgami
2333:With the
2290:yuki-onna
2272:Kabuki-za
2228:from the
2131:tōfu-kozō
2038:kashi-hon
1684:(about a
1603:emakimono
1408:from the
1291:oto no ke
1278:(the sea)
1275:umi no ke
1203:In other
1044:from the
1011:from the
974:from the
948:from the
673:Japanese
352:Tonbogiri
213:Tsukuyomi
152:Amaterasu
97:Kogo Shūi
38:print by
7988:Category
7882:Allegory
7758:Mermaids
7728:Gremlins
7693:Centaurs
7628:Egregore
7609:Schools
7576:Grimoire
7536:Elements
7508:Wild man
7428:Unicorns
7416:Vampires
7359:Werecats
7201:Fanspeak
7109:Crawford
7079:Podcasts
6792:Romantic
6775:Mythpunk
6706:Grimdark
6694:Bangsian
6496:Yosuzume
6451:Yamawaro
6442:Yama-uba
6424:Yamabiko
6379:Ushi-oni
6370:Umi zatō
6305:Ungaikyō
6296:Menreiki
6233:Bakezōri
6078:Takaonna
5999:Shiranui
5918:Samebito
5882:Otoroshi
5781:Kidōmaru
5682:Nurikabe
5655:Nuppeppō
5628:Noderabō
5601:Namahage
5574:Mononoke
5482:Kuzunoha
5437:Kotobuki
5372:Hakuzōsu
5336:Kijimuna
5327:Keukegen
5282:Kamikiri
5262:Nekomata
5253:Bakeneko
5226:Jorōgumo
5217:Jinmenju
5208:Janjanbi
5102:Hinezumi
5003:Furaribi
4960:Dorotabō
4951:Dodomeki
4879:Ayakashi
4744:Akashita
4556:Oto-hime
4538:Momotarō
4529:Kurozuka
4457:Hakuzōsu
4185:(2017).
4113:(2005).
4057:(2015).
4037:妖怪学の基礎知識
4032:(2011).
4014:27039930
3961:(2009).
3859:妖怪なんでも入門
3854:(1974).
3823:(2003).
3792:トンデモ本の世界
3735:(2007).
3699:遊びのなかの妖怪
3608:世説故事苑 3巻
3468:綜合日本民俗語彙
3308:April 2,
3206:aobyōshi
3198:kibyōshi
3070:Dokkaebi
2989:See also
2957:series,
2947:, keeps
2926:such as
2749:and the
2615:dorotabō
2612:and the
2584:inkstone
2441:'s play
2191:sugoroku
2127:and the
2028:kibyoshi
1993:kibyoshi
1968:'kechi.'
1804:told of
1481:and the
1387:Taiheiki
1377:mononoke
1371:mononoke
1361:mononoke
1259:ki no ke
1226:綜合日本民俗語彙
1188:Artifact
1123:and the
1040:Narikama
944:Nekomata
922:Kidōmaru
641:bakemono
535:mononoke
516:ayakashi
395:Setsubun
373:Buddhism
345:Kusanagi
309:Ryūgū-jō
63:folklore
7978:Outline
7875:Related
7753:Merfolk
7743:Kobolds
7723:Goblins
7708:Treants
7698:Dwarves
7668:Theurgy
7613:Alchemy
7545:neutral
7513:Witches
7456:Caveman
7421:Zombies
7406:Mummies
7376:Spirits
7327:Dragons
7322:Chimera
7307:Faeries
7124:Gemmell
7119:Gandalf
7074:Féeries
7043:Unknown
6923:Authors
6898:S&S
6638:Sources
6623:History
6406:Wanyūdō
6361:Umibōzu
6343:Ubagabi
6035:Shōkera
6008:Shirime
5981:Shikome
5828:Onikuma
5745:Ōmukade
5547:Mizuchi
5401:Komainu
5363:Kitsune
5318:Kawauso
5235:Jubokko
5199:Isonade
5181:Inugami
5154:Hyōsube
5084:Hibagon
4852:Aonyōbō
4834:Amikiri
4825:Ameonna
4780:Aoandon
4753:Akateko
4735:Akaname
4511:Kintarō
4374:, from
3765:都市伝説と妖怪
3592:百物語怪談集成
3208:(blue).
3161:, yōkai
3098:Yaoguai
2847:yaoguai
2840:yaoguai
2836:yaoguai
2753:jubokko
2595:tsurube
2580:weasels
2404:called
2270:at the
2162:Hokusai
2140:ukiyo-e
1728:(about
1711:), the
1690:), the
1678:), the
1558:inugami
1536:Susanoo
1307:History
1294:(sound)
1270:(water)
1262:(trees)
1254:(paths)
1109:mutants
1101:
986:新形三十六怪撰
841:Chinkon
825:
807:chinkon
733:animism
715:Concept
707:amikiri
608:. Some
496:yaoguai
477:spirits
237:Kitsune
206:Susanoo
180:Izanami
173:Izanagi
7847:Castle
7808:Worlds
7803:Quests
7785:Trolls
7763:Mermen
7718:Gnomes
7713:Giants
7486:Heroes
7401:Liches
7396:Ghosts
7386:Undead
7349:Nymphs
7295:Ghouls
7290:Devils
7285:Demons
7280:Angels
7263:Tropes
7214:fandom
7184:Fandom
7164:Saturn
7159:Nebula
7114:Dragon
7099:Balrog
7092:Awards
6933:Comics
6815:Shenmo
6770:Mythic
6755:LitRPG
6750:Isekai
6689:Comedy
6667:Wuxia
6469:Yobuko
6460:Yanari
6170:Tenome
6161:Tennin
6087:Tanuki
6060:Sōjōbō
6017:Shiryō
5936:Satori
5927:Sankai
5846:Ōnyūdō
5619:Ningyo
5610:Namazu
5592:Mujina
5565:Momiji
5538:Misaki
5500:Mazoku
5473:Kumiho
5392:Kodama
5345:Kinoko
5244:Kaibyō
5172:Ikuchi
5163:Ikiryō
5030:Gagoze
4985:Enenra
4976:Dragon
4843:Aobōzu
4771:Amabie
4347:Kaidan
4323:
4304:
4281:
4271:妖怪の民俗学
4258:
4237:
4214:
4193:
4125:
4090:
4084:妖怪の民俗学
4068:
4043:
4020:
4012:
3971:
3865:
3834:
3798:
3746:
3712:
3678:
3647:
3637:江戸化物草紙
3611:. 1716
3447:
3265:
2851:shuihu
2763:, and
2738:Kaidan
2641:rakugo
2586:, the
2567:tanuki
2476:Since
2401:rakugo
2376:rakugo
2358:, and
2183:karuta
2160:, and
1782:, the
1463:orochi
1447:Fudoki
1435:, the
1431:Kojiki
1327:Shinto
1286:(snow)
1215:nymphs
1182:Animal
1151:Object
1145:Animal
568:Shinto
553:mamono
483:. The
369:Shintō
294:Jigoku
194:Myōjin
118:Kujiki
104:Kojiki
90:Fudoki
8009:Yōkai
7953:Kaiju
7923:Mecha
7892:Fable
7770:Ogres
7703:Elves
7598:Runes
7549:light
7471:Donor
7433:Yōkai
7391:Death
7144:Locus
7060:Other
7022:Locus
6888:Films
6883:Anime
6863:Media
6633:Magic
6523:Yūrei
6487:Yōsei
6478:Yōkai
6397:Waira
6352:Ubume
6179:Tesso
6152:Tengu
6051:]
6026:Shōjō
5900:Raijū
5873:Osaki
5837:Onryō
5810:Onibi
5736:Okubi
5727:Okiku
5700:Obake
5583:Mōryō
5491:Kyubi
5464:Kudan
5354:Kirin
5309:Kasha
5291:Kappa
5109:]
5048:Goryō
4967:]
4915:Basan
4762:Akuma
4657:Texts
4365:Yōkai
4343:Yōkai
4273:[
4164:(PDF)
4145:(PDF)
4140:Yôkai
4018:S2CID
4010:JSTOR
3986:Yōkai
3502:今昔物語集
3129:Notes
3092:Mogui
3040:Yūrei
3034:Yōsei
3028:Tengu
3016:Kappa
2949:yōkai
2924:yōkai
2920:yūrei
2899:yōkai
2881:Yōkai
2823:yōkai
2817:yōkai
2811:yōkai
2805:yōkai
2796:yōkai
2782:yōkai
2776:yōkai
2770:yōkai
2760:yōkai
2732:yōkai
2726:yōkai
2718:]
2706:yōkai
2700:yōkai
2688:yōkai
2669:like
2662:yōkai
2656:yōkai
2647:yōkai
2635:yōkai
2623:]
2601:yōkai
2576:foxes
2555:yōkai
2548:yōkai
2511:Yōkai
2505:yōkai
2492:manga
2479:yōkai
2465:yōkai
2456:]
2435:]
2389:yōkai
2356:]
2326:yōkai
2277:yōkai
2210:yōkai
2204:yōkai
2198:yōkai
2148:like
2145:yōkai
2116:yōkai
2110:yōkai
2084:yōkai
2078:yōkai
2069:kappa
2063:kappa
2057:kappa
2051:yōkai
2045:yōkai
2018:yōkai
2012:yōkai
2006:yōkai
2000:yōkai
1962:kaiji
1956:yōkai
1948:世説故事苑
1868:yōkai
1845:yōkai
1835:yōkai
1807:yōkai
1801:emaki
1751:yōkai
1745:emaki
1723:土蜘蛛草紙
1709:yōkai
1702:俵藤太絵巻
1687:tengu
1657:yōkai
1651:yōkai
1645:yōkai
1618:yōkai
1571:yōkai
1565:yōkai
1550:Kappa
1542:onryō
1531:yōkai
1509:yōkai
1503:yōkai
1470:yōkai
1424:yōkai
1394:yōkai
1338:yōkai
1332:yōkai
1220:Yōkai
1210:yōkai
1185:Plant
1179:Human
1148:Plant
1142:Human
1136:yōkai
1086:henge
1080:yōkai
1069:Types
882:yōkai
872:yōkai
862:yōkai
853:yōkai
797:into
785:into
752:yōkai
728:yōkai
722:yōkai
700:yōkai
694:yōkai
680:yōkai
657:obake
635:Yōkai
625:Yōkai
611:yōkai
596:tengu
588:kappa
581:Yōkai
508:Yōkai
501:yōkai
490:yōkai
485:kanji
456:Yōkai
402:Torii
289:Izumo
272:Yūrei
265:Yōkai
258:Tengu
251:Onryō
166:Inari
35:yōkai
7820:Maps
7813:list
7780:Orcs
7603:Wand
7564:Moon
7559:Love
7541:Dark
7501:list
7344:Jinn
7339:Imps
7129:Hugo
6938:list
6873:and
6871:Film
6415:Yako
6388:Uwan
5891:Ouni
5718:Oiwa
5012:Fūri
4906:Baku
4354:The
4345:and
4321:ISBN
4302:ISBN
4279:ISBN
4256:ISBN
4235:ISBN
4212:ISBN
4191:ISBN
4123:ISBN
4088:ISBN
4066:ISBN
4041:ISBN
3969:ISBN
3863:ISBN
3832:ISBN
3796:ISBN
3744:ISBN
3710:ISBN
3676:ISBN
3645:ISBN
3445:ISBN
3310:2021
3276:2024
3263:ISBN
2943:and
2922:and
2677:and
2589:kama
2578:and
2516:Tōno
2426:and
2395:kami
2187:and
1858:and
1824:The
1813:The
1776:The
1757:The
1664:The
1631:寺社縁起
1586:The
1554:and
1500:The
1098:lit.
1083:and
1020:Kaii
822:lit.
573:kami
525:あやかし
371:and
319:Yomi
225:and
187:Kami
60:and
7775:Oni
7196:Art
6977:S–Z
6972:I–R
6967:A–H
6143:Ten
5754:Oni
5646:Nue
4000:doi
3022:Oni
2979:'s
2574:),
2526:'s
2518:in
2410:by
2392:or
2319:by
2258:by
2245:by
2095:by
1770:oni
1675:oni
1519:oni
1455:oni
1414:by
1354:by
1241:山の怪
1048:by
991:by
952:by
926:by
904:by
865:in
665:お化け
653:or
648:化け物
549:or
544:物の怪
479:in
388:Ema
244:Oni
8005::
6799:
6049:ja
5107:ja
4965:ja
4210:.
4153:78
4147:.
4016:.
4008:.
3996:48
3994:.
3990:.
3933:.
3909:.
3885:.
3810:^
3777:^
3767:.
3724:^
3659:^
3639:.
3402:^
3296:.
3278:.
3176:憑物
3166:妖怪
3156:霊怪
3146:霊怪
2965:,
2961:,
2799:.
2716:ja
2709:,
2625:.
2621:ja
2508:.
2468:.
2454:ja
2433:ja
2354:ja
2345:,
2294:,
2176:.
2156:,
2152:,
2072:.
1607:,
1459:,
1397:."
1129::
1096:,
1093:変化
856:.
838:.
820:,
816:鎮魂
755:.
670:.
561:魔物
530:,
465:妖怪
32:A
7904:
7547:/
7543:/
6721:
6715:
6604:e
6597:t
6590:v
4404:e
4397:t
4390:v
4329:.
4310:.
4287:.
4264:.
4243:.
4220:.
4199:.
4138:"
4131:.
4096:.
4074:.
4049:.
4024:.
4002::
3977:.
3943:.
3919:.
3895:.
3871:.
3840:.
3804:.
3752:.
3718:.
3653:.
3618:.
3312:.
3181:.
3173:(
3169:)
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828:'
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541:(
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522:(
461:(
442:e
435:t
428:v
23:.
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