49:
401:
rehabilitated to maintain farm productivity and to reduce erosion and sedimentation of the wetlands and river. A 2005 report noted changes in Lake Sare that threatened the lake ecosystem through eutrophication and pollution. It recommended an inclusive management plan for the Yala swamp complex to prevent further degradation of the ecosystem. As of 2019 BirdLife
International scored the threat to the swamp complex as high, and was pessimistic about action being taken.
251:
375:
56:
29:
393:. Threats to the river ecology include garbage from panning for minerals, oil spills in and near the river, deforestation and resulting river bank erosion, and sand extraction. Development potential includes irrigation and drainage projects in the lower and middle parts of the basin, hydroelectricity, wetlands products, eco-tourism and water sports tourism, and perhaps
310:, one of the Yala River's main sources. The block has level terrain with medium gradient hills with shallow depressions. There are wetlands and small permanent streams. The farms are large and there is little subsistence agriculture. The cultivated land is interspersed with grasslands. Dairy production is important. 22% of the plots showed soil erosion in 2008.
233:
In the past the Yala River flowed through the eastern 20% of the Yala Swamp into Lake
Kanyaboli, then into the main swamp, and then through a small gulf into Lake Victoria. Today the eastern part of the swamp has been drained, and the river flows directly into the 8,000 hectares (20,000 acres) main
349:
As of 2016 a feasibility study had been completed for development of the Nandi Forest dam to support irrigation, water supply and power generation. The power plant would have two 25 MW Pelton turbines and would supply 185 GWh annually. In April 2020 it was announced that Tembo Power of
Mauritius,
321:
contains mountainous highlands with many small streams, and held clusters of wetlands. There are preserved remnants of forest throughout the block used for cultural purposes, and logging in the
Kaimosi forest in the southeast of the block. Most of the farms are overcropped, without traditional
400:
Conversion of the wetlands for crop production must be carefully managed to ensure environmental sustainability. Sufficient wetlands must be maintained to control erosion and improve water quality, which in turn affects fisheries in the river and the adjacent lake. The watershed must also be
234:
swamp. It is cut off from Lake
Kanyaboli by a silt-clay dyke. Lake Kanyaboli now receives its water from the surrounding catchment area and from back-seepage from the swamp. The river's gulf has been cut off from the lake by a culvert, which created the 500 hectares (1,200 acres)
322:
rotation and fallow periods. The farms are managed better in the north of the block, with more trees and hedges, while in the southern part steep slopes are cultivated with no conservation measures. About half the block shows evidence of soil erosion.
262:
river basins issued a baseline report in 2008. It studied three representative 10 by 10 square kilometres (3.9 by 3.9 sq mi) blocks of land in the Yala basin. In all three blocks much of the land was cultivated. Subsistence crops included
961:
384:
A study of discharge data from 1950 to 2000 showed a general increase in discharge. This may be due to destruction of land cover, including indigenous forests. Yearly discharge of nutrients into the lake is about 1,000 tonnes of
204:, Kenya. It is one of the largest Kenyan rivers feeding Lake Victoria, with an average discharge of 27.4 cubic metres per second (970 cu ft/s). The river contributes about 5% of the annual inflow to Lake Victoria.
211:. It runs swiftly over a rocky bed, with a notable absence of alluvial flats and terraces. The main channel is about 30 metres (98 ft) wide, apart from the Yala Swamp. The river runs through the southeast of the
341:. About 43% of the land is used for crops, and 55% for grazing livestock. Livestock includes cows, bulls, chickens, goats and sheep. There are few trees, and widespread soil erosion.
242:
fish fauna of Lake
Victoria. The river water enters Lake Victoria from Lake Sare through a channel crossed by a bridge that carries the C27 coastal highway along the Goye causeway.
222:
at the mouth of the river covers about 175 square kilometres (68 sq mi) along the northern shore of Lake
Victoria. The swamp contains 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres)
820:
358:
was to have a 15MW capacity and would be operational by 2022. The project would cost $ 30 million. The electricity would be fed to the grid operated by the state-owned
230:
and Yala rivers and by the backflow of water from Lake
Victoria. The lake provides a refuge for several species of fish that are no longer present in Lake Victoria.
774:(Western Kenya Integrated Ecosystem Management Project: Findings from the Baseline Surveys), Nairobi, Kenya: International Centre for Research in Agorforestry
786:
207:
The Yala River flows through a wide, mature valley that appears to have been rejuvenated during the tilting associated with the rifting movements of the mid-
176:
on the border of Lake
Victoria. The land along its course is mostly cultivated or used for grazing, with relatively few remnants of the original forest.
1103:
1098:
870:
1123:
887:
855:
180:
is visible throughout the river basin, particularly in the lower parts. Projects are underway to exploit the river for hydroelectricity.
1036:
981:
258:
The Yala River drainage basin covers 3,351 square kilometres (1,294 sq mi). An ecosystem management study of the Yala and
766:
111:
934:
836:
355:
226:, a freshwater deltaic wetland with an average depth of 3 metres (9.8 ft), which is fed by the floodwaters of the
351:
889:
Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment Study Report for the Proposed Kakamega Forest Conservation Fence Project
359:
48:
1029:
998:
943:
238:
through back-flooding. Lake Sare, with its direct link to Lake Victoria, is important in preserving the
822:
Identification of a multipurpose water resources development project in the Yala River basin in Kenya
1212:
1138:
1083:
1063:
1022:
350:
along with Metier and WK Construction of South Africa had signed an agreement for development of a
1045:
453:
451:
449:
447:
1163:
924:
444:
394:
303:
193:
8:
1143:
333:
has low to medium gradient terrain with a few large hills. Most of the population are
930:
804:
318:
168:. It generally flows fast over a rocky bed through a wide valley before joining the
189:
1113:
1068:
326:
314:
212:
34:
819:
457:
1183:
1133:
1093:
378:
330:
223:
1206:
1158:
1108:
963:
Variation of flow of water from Rivers Nzoia, Yala and Sio into Lake Victoria
197:
165:
126:
113:
97:
1191:
338:
284:
201:
177:
1153:
1148:
1128:
1118:
1078:
1073:
682:
504:
502:
307:
259:
227:
208:
169:
92:
196:, Kenya. It flows west for 219 kilometres (136 mi) to its mouth on
1088:
907:
390:
334:
219:
173:
499:
1168:
982:"KENYA: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project"
857:
Development of a Power Generation and Transmission Master Plan, Kenya
562:
235:
250:
386:
363:
1014:
742:
538:
514:
487:
280:
272:
239:
730:
837:"Kenya: Tembo Power to develop first hydro project with Metier"
526:
434:
432:
276:
803:
Gichuki, John; Maithya, Jacob; Masai, D. M. (September 2005),
694:
670:
658:
646:
622:
610:
598:
586:
574:
1049:
634:
550:
374:
296:
292:
264:
80:
429:
215:, where it has a dramatic 20 metres (66 ft) waterfall.
28:
997:
853:
787:"Debt funders appointed for 15 MW Kenya hydropower project"
688:
508:
362:(KPLC). The power plant was to be located near the town of
268:
765:
Boye, Anja; Verchot, Louis; Zomer, Robert (5 March 2008),
288:
806:
Recent ecological changes in of Lake Sare, western Kenya
960:
Sangale, Felix; Okungu, John; Opango, Peterlis (2011),
475:
869:
493:
942:
706:
532:
959:
802:
748:
736:
718:
544:
520:
463:
458:
Identification of a multipurpose water resources ..
419:
417:
415:
413:
835:
700:
926:Studies in East African Geography and Development
1204:
764:
676:
664:
652:
640:
628:
616:
604:
592:
580:
568:
556:
438:
410:
969:, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
809:, Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute
154:3,351 square kilometres (1,294 sq mi)
909:Threats to the survival of river Yala in Kenya
1030:
886:Mwangi, Peter; Chege, David (December 2019),
164:is a river in western Kenya, a tributary of
885:
768:Baseline Report Yala and Nzoia River Basins
481:
1037:
1023:
337:, but in some areas the people are mainly
344:
979:
854:Lahmeyer International GmbH (May 2016),
712:
373:
249:
784:
724:
1205:
980:Takouleu, Jean-Marie (20 April 2020),
922:
469:
1018:
905:
423:
369:
1044:
923:Ominde, Simeon Hongo (1971-01-01),
13:
929:, University of California Press,
785:Creamer, Terence (16 April 2020),
356:Kaptis Hydroelectric Power Station
55:
14:
1224:
749:Gichuki, Maithya & Masai 2005
737:Sangale, Okungu & Opango 2011
545:Gichuki, Maithya & Masai 2005
521:Gichuki, Maithya & Masai 2005
352:run-of-the-river hydroelectricity
689:Lahmeyer International GmbH 2016
360:Kenya Power and Lighting Company
54:
47:
27:
509:Yala Swamp Complex ... BirdLife
677:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
665:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
653:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
641:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
629:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
617:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
605:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
593:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
581:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
569:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
557:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
439:Boye, Verchot & Zomer 2008
105: • coordinates
1:
354:plant on the Yala River. The
87:Physical characteristics
302:The Upper Yala Block in the
287:, while cash crops included
188:The Yala River rises in the
146:219 kilometres (136 mi)
7:
10:
1229:
944:"Relation: Yala (8873639)"
757:
494:Lake Kanyaboli – Kenya GNF
254:Handmade raft on the river
1182:
1056:
313:The Middle Yala Block in
183:
150:
142:
103:
91:
86:
76:
71:
42:
26:
21:
1003:, BirdLife International
906:Okuna, Patience (2019),
895:, Kenya Wildlife Service
533:Relation: Yala (8873639)
404:
325:The Lower Yala block in
245:
482:Mwangi & Chege 2019
872:Lake Kanyaboli – Kenya
381:
345:Hydroelectric projects
255:
127:0.060998°S 34.042633°E
1139:Southern Ewaso Ng'iro
912:, Munich: GRIN Verlag
701:Kenya: Tembo Power ..
377:
253:
875:, Global Nature Fund
571:, p. 9, 27, 43.
395:carbon sequestration
304:Uasin Gishu District
194:Rift Valley Province
132:-0.060998; 34.042633
123: /
35:Kakamega rainforest
1064:Athi-Galana-Sabaki
1000:Yala Swamp Complex
389:and 102 tonnes of
382:
370:Ecological changes
256:
33:Yala river within
1200:
1199:
936:978-0-520-02073-3
319:Kakamega District
158:
157:
1220:
1039:
1032:
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791:Engineering News
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773:
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190:Nandi Escarpment
138:
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58:
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51:
31:
19:
18:
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1213:Rivers of Kenya
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1202:
1201:
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1004:
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843:, 17 April 2020
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468:
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327:Kisumu District
315:Vihiga District
248:
213:Kakamega Forest
186:
131:
129:
125:
122:
117:
114:
112:
110:
109:
106:
67:
66:
65:
64:
61:
60:
59:
38:
37:, western Kenya
17:
12:
11:
5:
1226:
1216:
1215:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1184:Ilemi Triangle
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1171:
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1161:
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1136:
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1054:
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1019:
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1011:
995:
977:
957:
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935:
920:
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883:
867:
851:
841:African Energy
833:
817:
800:
782:
761:
759:
756:
754:
753:
751:, p. 347.
741:
729:
717:
705:
693:
681:
669:
657:
645:
633:
621:
609:
597:
585:
573:
561:
549:
547:, p. 341.
537:
525:
523:, p. 340.
513:
498:
486:
474:
462:
443:
428:
408:
406:
403:
379:Lake Kanyaboli
371:
368:
346:
343:
331:Siaya District
247:
244:
224:Lake Kanyaboli
185:
182:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
107:
104:
101:
100:
95:
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84:
83:
78:
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69:
68:
63:Mouth location
62:
53:
52:
46:
45:
44:
43:
40:
39:
32:
24:
23:
16:River in Kenya
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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978:
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948:OpenStreetMap
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927:
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838:
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823:
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792:
788:
783:
770:
769:
763:
762:
750:
745:
738:
733:
726:
721:
714:
713:Takouleu 2020
709:
702:
697:
691:, p. 59.
690:
685:
679:, p. 14.
678:
673:
667:, p. 18.
666:
661:
655:, p. 13.
654:
649:
642:
637:
631:, p. 29.
630:
625:
619:, p. 25.
618:
613:
607:, p. 46.
606:
601:
595:, p. 43.
594:
589:
583:, p. 41.
582:
577:
570:
565:
558:
553:
546:
541:
534:
529:
522:
517:
510:
505:
503:
495:
490:
483:
478:
472:, p. 30.
471:
466:
459:
454:
452:
450:
448:
440:
435:
433:
425:
420:
418:
416:
414:
409:
402:
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357:
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225:
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216:
214:
210:
205:
203:
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198:Lake Victoria
195:
191:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
166:Lake Victoria
163:
153:
149:
145:
141:
136:
108:
102:
99:
98:Lake Victoria
96:
94:
90:
85:
82:
79:
75:
70:
50:
41:
36:
30:
25:
20:
1173:
1069:Ewaso Ng'iro
1005:, retrieved
999:
989:, retrieved
985:
971:, retrieved
962:
951:, retrieved
947:
925:
914:, retrieved
908:
897:, retrieved
888:
877:, retrieved
871:
861:, retrieved
856:
845:, retrieved
840:
827:, retrieved
821:
811:, retrieved
805:
794:, retrieved
790:
776:, retrieved
767:
744:
739:, p. 6.
732:
725:Creamer 2020
720:
708:
696:
684:
672:
660:
648:
643:, p. 9.
636:
624:
612:
600:
588:
576:
564:
559:, p. 5.
552:
540:
528:
516:
489:
484:, p. 4.
477:
465:
441:, p. 4.
399:
383:
348:
324:
312:
301:
285:sweet potato
257:
232:
217:
206:
202:Siaya County
187:
178:Soil erosion
172:to form the
161:
159:
1169:Voi (Goshi)
825:, FCG Kenya
470:Ominde 1971
308:Lake Lessos
209:Pleistocene
170:Nzoia River
130: /
1144:Tana River
1007:2021-03-07
991:2021-03-07
973:2021-03-07
953:2021-03-07
916:2021-03-06
899:2021-03-07
879:2021-03-07
863:2021-03-07
847:2021-03-07
829:2021-03-07
813:2021-03-07
796:2021-03-07
778:2021-03-07
424:Okuna 2019
391:phosphorus
220:Yala Swamp
174:Yala Swamp
162:Yala River
151:Basin size
118:34°02′33″E
22:Yala River
1114:Naro Moru
1104:Mononoase
306:includes
236:Lake Sare
115:0°03′40″S
1207:Category
1134:Perkerra
1094:Mbagathi
387:nitrogen
364:Kakamega
72:Location
1159:Turkwel
1109:Nairobi
1099:Mogonga
986:Afrik21
758:Sources
281:cassava
273:sorghum
240:cichlid
192:in the
77:Country
1192:Kangen
1124:Nyando
1046:Rivers
933:
277:banana
184:Course
143:Length
1154:Tsavo
1149:Thika
1129:Nzoia
1119:Njoro
1079:Kerio
1074:Gucha
1057:Kenya
1050:Kenya
967:(PDF)
893:(PDF)
772:(PDF)
405:Notes
339:Luhya
297:mango
293:wheat
269:beans
265:maize
260:Nzoia
246:Basin
228:Nzoia
93:Mouth
81:Kenya
1174:Yala
1164:Umba
1089:Mara
1084:Lumi
931:ISBN
329:and
317:and
295:and
283:and
218:The
160:The
1048:of
335:Luo
289:tea
200:in
1209::
984:,
946:,
839:,
789:,
501:^
446:^
431:^
412:^
397:.
366:.
299:.
291:,
279:,
275:,
271:,
267:,
1038:e
1031:t
1024:v
727:.
715:.
703:.
535:.
511:.
496:.
460:.
426:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
