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303:, three separate pieces were being cut: the rectangular stele base (pedestal), the stele body, and the stele head (crown, to be decorated with a dragon design). After most of the stone-cutting work had been done, the architects realized that moving stones that big from Yangshan to Ming Xiaoling, let alone installing them there in a proper way, would not be physically possible. As a result, the project was abandoned. In place of the stele, a much smaller tablet (still, the largest in the Nanjing area), known as the
541:) was constructed at the entrance to the site; as of 2011, it has a stage, children's rides, and various history-themed amusements. A single admission ticket allows one to visit the "village" and then to walk some 300–400 m (980–1,310 ft) to the quarry proper on one of several forest trails. The site is open year-round, but still is mostly deserted in winter.
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Transportation from
Nanjing to the Yangshan Quarry (either directly to the Ming Culture Village's entrance plaza, or to the "Yangshan Quarry" stop on the Jiangsu Provincial Highway 122 (S122)) is provided by several bus routes, including the Nanjing-Tangshan Line
519:
provincial register of protected cultural monuments. It is maintained as a tourist site, although, according to journalists who visited it at the turn of the 21st century, the site was little known even in
Nanjing itself, and had few visitors.
422:
According to experts, if the stele had been finished and put together, by installing the stele body vertically on the base, and topping with the stele head, then it would have stood 73 metres (240 ft) tall. For comparison, the
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The three unfinished stele components remain in
Yangshan Quarry to this day, only partially separated from the solid rock of the mountain. The present dimensions and the usual weight estimates of the steles are as follows:
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for the commonly given weight estimates. Their sizes are slightly different from those in Yang and Lu, which is not surprising, since the stone monoliths, after all, are not completely separated from the solid rock below.
291:
became the capital city of his empire. The
Yangshan quarry became the main source of stone for the major construction projects that changed the face of Nanjing. In 1405, Hongwu's son, the
460:
would be executed on the spot. In memory of the workers who died on the construction site—including those who died from overwork and disease—a nearby village became known as Fentou (
174:, China. Used during many centuries as a source of stone for buildings and monuments of Nanjing, it is preserved as a historic site. The quarry is famous for the gigantic unfinished
384:), 49.4 m (162 ft) long (this would be the height, if the stele were to be properly installed), 10.7 m (35 ft) wide, 4.4 m (14 ft) thick, 8,799 tons.
38:
An overall view of the quarry site from a walking trail. The stele base, center left; the stele body, and the stele head in front of it, near the horizon, a bit right of center
427:
Stele actually installed in Ming
Xiaoling is 8.78 metres (28.8 ft) tall (6.7 m (22 ft) body + crown, on top of a 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) tall
446:, which is thought to be one of the tallest in China, is 16.95 m (55.6 ft) tall, 3.75 m (12.3 ft) wide, 1.14 m (3 ft 9 in) thick.
182:
in the early 15th century. In scope and ambition, the stele project is compared to other public works projects of Yongle era, which included the launching of the
473:
In the centuries since the giant stele project was abandoned, a number of Ming, Qing, and modern authors visited the site and left accounts of it. The poet
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350:), 30.35 m (99.6 ft) long, 13 m (43 ft) thick, 16 m (52 ft) tall, 16,250 metric tons.
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906:
583:
418:), 10.7 m (35 ft) tall, 20.3 m (67 ft) wide, 8.4 m (28 ft) thick, 6,118 tons.
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head (left). The work on the dragon design had been started on the head before the project was abandoned
210:
The
Yangshan Quarry is situated on the Yangshan Mountain (elevation 140 m), also known as Yanmen Shan (
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According to a legend, workers who failed to produce the daily quota of crushed rock of at least 33
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Chronicle of the
Chinese Emperors: The Reign-By-Reign Record of the Rulers of Imperial China
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being used for construction of buildings, walls, and statues in and around
Nanjing.
477:(1716 – 1797) expressed his feelings in "The Song of Hongwu's Great Stone Tablet" (
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of his deceased father. In accordance with the usual design of a
Chinese memorial
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483:), which concludes with "one hundred thousand camels could not move it!" ("
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228:). The site is located 15–20 km to the east from the eastern part of
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295:, ordered the cutting of a giant stele in this quarry, for use in the
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170:'Yangshan Stele Material') is an ancient stone quarry near
748:. (This appeared in the hard copy of the newspaper on 2011-08-01)
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241:
222:). The Yangshan is the main peak of the Kongshan Mountain Range (
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When China Ruled the Seas: Treasure Fleets of the Dragon Throne
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The stele base, partly separated from the body of the mountain
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Under the stele body, mostly separated from the rock under it
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709:
YANGSHAN TABLET - THE FIRST TABLET IN THE WORLD / 阳山碑材天下第一碑
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307:("Divine Merits and Godly Virtues") Stele was installed in
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The
Yangshan Quarry has been worked from the time of the
806:
Oracle bones: a journey between China's past and present
470:
translates the place name as "Death's Head Valley".
831:(By bike to Nanjing's Yangshan Quarry), 2011-04-16
659:, Joint Pub. Co. (Hongkong Branch), p. 131,
264:The stele base, with a hiker next to it for scale
178:that was abandoned there during the reign of the
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515:In 1956, the Yangshan Quarry was entered on the
856:南京明清建筑 (Ming and Qing architecture of Nanjing)
854:Yang, Xinhua (杨新华); Lu, Haiming (卢海鸣) (2001),
603:. Caption to the picture between pp. 128-129.
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311:'s "Square Pavilion" (Sifangcheng) in 1413.
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489:"). The poem is published in his collection
875:大明帝国之朱棣卷 (The Book of Ming Empire's Zhu Di)
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126:The unfinished stele body (right) and the
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858:, 南京大学出版社 (Nanjing University Press),
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761:(Shao Hao Ling) article on Baidu.com
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840:A 2011 Nanjing Public Transport Map
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440:("Ten Thousand Men's Sorrow") Stele
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653:Till, Barry; Swart, Paula (1982),
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584:"A Relic of Imperial Aspirations"
283:(the Hongwu Emperor) founded the
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188:Zheng He's maritime expeditions
932:Tourist attractions in Nanjing
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16:Stone quarry in Jiangsu, China
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190:and the construction of the
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234:Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum
907:Surface mines in China
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406:32.06833°N 119.00056°E
372:32.06861°N 119.00056°E
338:32.06750°N 119.00000°E
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105:32.06833°N 119.00056°E
731:(Shandong's "Firsts")
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466:), or "Grave Mound".
435:(early 12th century)
287:in 1368, the city of
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580:Kristof, Nicholas D.
678:As per Google Maps.
450:Cultural references
411:32.06833; 119.00056
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377:32.06861; 119.00056
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343:32.06750; 119.00000
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110:32.06833; 119.00056
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917:History of Nanjing
727:2012-03-31 at the
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691:Yang & Lu 2001
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638:Yang & Lu 2001
588:The New York Times
582:(April 18, 1999),
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238:Jiangning District
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64:Shown within China
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885:978-7-5641-2865-4
787:978-0-500-28764-4
599:Louise Levathes,
531:Culture Village (
429:tortoise pedestal
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555:) from the
527:called the
503:Present day
468:Ann Paludan
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96:119°00′02″E
84:Coordinates
896:Categories
848:Literature
829:单车游南京之阳山碑材
525:theme park
394:32°04′06″N
360:32°04′07″N
326:32°04′03″N
244:Province.
93:32°04′06″N
927:Monoliths
707:See e.g.
274:limestone
902:Quarries
803:(2006),
774:(2009),
725:Archived
523:A small
475:Yuan Mei
232:and the
198:Location
73:Location
517:Jiangsu
486:十万骆驼拉不起
431:). The
289:Nanjing
248:History
242:Jiangsu
172:Nanjing
140:Chinese
79:, China
77:Nanjing
882:
862:
813:
784:
663:
496:小仓山房文集
480:洪武大石碑歌
279:After
158::
156:pinyin
142::
563:Notes
457:sheng
301:stele
176:stele
128:stele
880:ISBN
860:ISBN
811:ISBN
782:ISBN
722:山东之最
661:ISBN
534:明文化村
529:Ming
444:Qufu
225:孔山山脉
186:for
167:lit.
134:The
759:少昊陵
551:,
548:南汤线
499:).
442:in
219:汤山镇
213:雁门山
898::
878:,
698:^
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645:^
608:^
586:,
571:^
559:.
537:,
463:坟头
164:;
154:;
145:阳山
545:(
493:(
151:材
148:碑
138:(
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