151:
925:
3999:
796:
4010:
939:
1408:
1395:
1385:
488:
834:) was due east of the city of Bhoga at a distance that could be spanned by a four or five days' journey by sea. He also wrote that Buddhism was flourishing throughout the islands of Southeast Asia. "Many of the kings and chieftains in the islands of the Southern Sea admire and believe in Buddhism, and their hearts are set on accumulating good actions."
33:
680:, however Yijing's account is largely wrong, as it goes against the dates proposed for Sri Gupta. However, he should not be taken literally as he was just "stating the tradition told to him by older men", thus making him unreliable. Many modern scholars reject his account of the Buddhist monastery as well.
692:
was a centre of
Buddhism where foreign scholars gathered, and Yijing stayed there for two years to translate original Sanskrit Buddhist scriptures into Chinese. In 689 he returned to Guangzhou to obtain ink and papers (Srivijaya had no paper and ink at that time) and returned again to Srivijaya the
821:
In the fortified city of Bhoga, Buddhist priests number more than 1,000, whose minds are bent on learning and good practice. They investigate and study all the subjects that exist just as in India; the rules and ceremonies are not at all different. If a
Chinese priest wishes to go to the West in
669:. Both later followed a group of merchants and visited 30 other principalities. Halfway to Nālandā, Yijing fell sick and was unable to walk. Gradually he was left behind by the group. He walked to Nālandā where he stayed for 11 years.
776:
nikāyas. Explaining their doctrinal affiliations, he then writes, "Which of the four schools should be grouped with the Mahāyāna or with the Hīnayāna is not determined." That is to say, there was no simple correspondence between a
759:
in India. He wrote, "There exist in the West numerous subdivisions of the schools which have different origins, but there are only four principal schools of continuous tradition." These schools are namely the
606:, a famed monk who traveled to India in the 4th and 5th centuries CE. Provided funding by an otherwise unknown benefactor named Fong, he decided to visit the renowned Buddhist university of
722:
are two of Yijing's best travel diaries, describing his adventurous journey to
Srivijaya and India, reporting on the society of India, the lifestyles of various local peoples, and more.
962:
714:
657:). Yijing recorded his impression of the "Kunlun peoples", using an ancient Chinese word for Malay peoples. "Kunlun people have curly hair, dark bodies, bare feet and wear
2149:
3064:
1539:
3068:
3292:
1313:
826:
Yijing's visits to
Srivijaya gave him the opportunity to meet with others who had come from other neighboring islands. According to him, the
157:
4047:
1509:
549:
famed as a traveller and translator. His account of his travels are an important source for the history of the medieval kingdoms along the
1617:
752:, etc.) as principally "Hīnayāna." In contrast, the Buddhists in China and Malayu are described as principally following the Mahāyāna.
1352:
4329:
1374:
1024:
987:
1300:
Chinese Monks in India, Biography of
Eminent Monks Who Went to the Western World in Search of the Law During the Great tang Dynasty
3884:
3336:
1183:
1153:
3539:
1519:
4304:
1120:
1076:
1049:
4359:
4334:
1702:
1544:
822:
order to hear and read the original scriptures, he had better stay here one or two years and practice the proper rules....
4314:
4309:
3879:
1306:
1347:
4349:
3776:
3326:
1421:
4319:
1622:
1328:
1289:
1019:
3869:
4364:
4040:
3554:
3299:
1273:, with the translation of passages (given by Latika Lahiri to S. Dutt, see note 2 p. 311) from Yijing's book:
3946:
3936:
1765:
1320:
3891:
3544:
3346:
3237:
3182:
1755:
390:
267:
174:
3861:
3559:
3242:
1534:
1367:
672:
Yijing also seems to have stated that an emperor by the name of "Che-li-ki-to" built a
Buddhist monastery in
412:
295:
193:
4369:
4339:
3444:
3316:
3287:
2989:
804:
730:
In the great majority of areas in India, Yijing writes that there were followers of both "vehicles" (Skt.
4354:
4344:
4033:
3135:
3044:
2514:
2159:
1672:
1567:
2679:
3984:
3464:
2940:
2426:
1549:
1382:
1282:
A Record of the
Buddhist Religion : As Practised in India and the Malay Archipelago (A.D. 671-695)
2874:
4324:
4224:
3874:
3687:
3677:
3549:
2532:
2112:
1873:
1848:
890:
Sūtra of the
Original Vows of the Medicine Buddha of Lapis Lazuli Radiance and the Seven Past Buddhas
709:. His total journey took 25 years. He brought back some 400 Buddhist texts translated into Chinese.
1898:
3979:
3331:
3145:
3123:
3116:
3019:
2552:
2172:
1988:
1933:
1554:
1360:
3916:
3896:
3227:
3207:
2964:
2694:
1938:
992:
520:
150:
3926:
3766:
3434:
3404:
3177:
3128:
2969:
2917:
2912:
2674:
2495:
2392:
2144:
2139:
1888:
756:
2256:
3931:
3901:
3482:
3414:
3247:
3162:
3157:
3081:
3076:
2994:
1524:
761:
2547:
817:) and advised Chinese monks to study there prior to making the journey to Nalanda in India.
3954:
3921:
3906:
3424:
3321:
3267:
3152:
3091:
3059:
3054:
3039:
3024:
3014:
2979:
2892:
2584:
2507:
1810:
1750:
1499:
1466:
1416:
1137:
1093:
3794:
2409:
2278:
2204:
2080:
1818:
8:
4299:
4294:
3761:
3640:
3474:
3449:
3439:
3399:
3376:
3259:
3232:
3192:
3111:
3101:
3029:
2956:
2387:
2244:
2025:
2003:
1955:
1775:
1575:
1431:
1411:
653:
In 673 after ten days of additional travel he reached the "naked kingdom" (south west of
1735:
1662:
1293:
1139:
Political history of India from the earliest times to the 7th centuary [sic] A.D
1095:
Political history of India from the earliest times to the 7th centuary [sic] A.D
4374:
3824:
3729:
3571:
3534:
3529:
3459:
3409:
3356:
3351:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3202:
3187:
3172:
3167:
3106:
3086:
3049:
2974:
2779:
2480:
2404:
2282:
2224:
2065:
1965:
1893:
1868:
1514:
1444:
862:
550:
3623:
1110:
1066:
1039:
765:
4002:
3964:
3660:
3645:
3608:
3593:
3366:
3282:
3197:
3034:
2999:
2984:
2711:
2701:
2382:
2229:
2214:
2085:
2008:
1928:
1863:
1795:
1682:
1439:
1348:
http://www.iranchamber.com/culture/articles/iranian_cultural_impact_southeastasia.php
1342:
1324:
1285:
1191:
1161:
1116:
1072:
1045:
561:. He also gave accounts of the Gupta Period. A student of the Buddhist university at
2946:
1740:
1640:
4195:
4025:
3650:
3603:
3598:
3454:
3419:
3394:
3389:
3140:
3096:
3009:
2684:
2340:
2333:
2117:
2107:
1993:
1657:
1529:
957:
831:
769:
582:
443:
346:
221:
2729:
1284:, Translated by J. Takakusu, Clarendon press 1896. Reprint. New Delhi, AES, 2005,
1227:
A Record of the
Buddhist Religion As Practiced in India and the Malay Archipelago.
1214:
A Record of the
Buddhist Religion As Practiced in India and the Malay Archipelago.
773:
4014:
3959:
3911:
3839:
3709:
3507:
3487:
3429:
3341:
3004:
2902:
2749:
2485:
2468:
2453:
2431:
1983:
1853:
1687:
1667:
944:
732:
688:
In 687, Yijing stopped in Srivijaya on his way back to Tang China. At that time,
505:
500:
2759:
1913:
1903:
302:
274:
3969:
3672:
3522:
3304:
2884:
2864:
2784:
2473:
2463:
2397:
2234:
1720:
1583:
813:
Yijing praised the high level of Buddhist scholarship in Srivijaya (modern-day
643:
639:
570:
543:
464:
367:
242:
744:. He describes northern India and most of the islands of the South Seas (i.e.
4288:
4149:
3739:
3588:
2897:
2799:
2657:
2458:
2436:
2372:
2043:
1838:
1833:
1725:
1394:
876:
2197:
2187:
1559:
701:
In 695, he completed all translation works and finally returned to China at
3829:
3814:
3784:
3734:
3724:
3566:
3361:
2854:
2689:
2567:
2355:
2350:
2177:
2048:
1923:
1384:
977:
930:
677:
607:
562:
540:
496:
450:
353:
228:
2612:
2597:
2557:
2254:
1918:
1494:
4207:
4201:
4161:
3799:
3628:
2769:
2754:
2537:
2345:
2273:
2053:
1883:
1785:
1632:
1504:
781:
sect and whether its members learned "Hīnayāna" or "Mahāyāna" teachings.
778:
162:
76:
58:
3789:
2249:
4085:
3744:
3702:
3578:
3384:
3309:
2923:
2907:
2869:
2849:
2744:
2719:
2627:
2562:
2542:
2288:
2219:
2090:
1973:
1943:
1878:
1828:
1486:
1476:
1449:
755:
Yijing wrote about relationship between the various "vehicles" and the
2764:
1760:
795:
425:
422:
419:
403:
400:
397:
314:
311:
308:
305:
286:
283:
280:
277:
203:
200:
184:
181:
3719:
3692:
2859:
2734:
2446:
2362:
2239:
2129:
2102:
2095:
2058:
2015:
1978:
1745:
1710:
1677:
1652:
1607:
1302:, Translated by Latika Lahiri, Delhi, etc.: Motilal Banarsidass, 1986
790:
706:
689:
627:
623:
619:
558:
554:
326:
3492:
2328:
2182:
1948:
1730:
1599:
1591:
4272:
4266:
4230:
4143:
4131:
4097:
4091:
4009:
3849:
3804:
3749:
3714:
3618:
3277:
2844:
2839:
2789:
2724:
2642:
2607:
2602:
2263:
2134:
2122:
2033:
1692:
1389:
1307:
The Travel Records of Chinese Pilgrims Faxian, Xuanzang, and Yijing
972:
967:
938:
741:
737:
666:
635:
615:
574:
112:
80:
2834:
2824:
2809:
2632:
2502:
1770:
4260:
4242:
4236:
4155:
3754:
3697:
3682:
2829:
2819:
2794:
2669:
2664:
2622:
2592:
2524:
2490:
2377:
2318:
2313:
2167:
2070:
1908:
1858:
1645:
1471:
902:
814:
745:
702:
654:
631:
546:
92:
54:
2441:
2209:
1253:
Nagarjuna in Context: Mahayana Buddhism and Early Indian Culture
1240:
Nagarjuna in Context: Mahayana Buddhism and Early Indian Culture
4254:
4178:
4114:
3834:
3819:
3655:
3517:
3497:
3272:
2934:
2814:
2804:
2739:
2367:
2323:
2308:
2298:
2268:
2192:
2075:
1843:
1715:
1459:
1454:
1323:(pdf available on the page), Berkeley CA: Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai.
1314:
Journey to the West: Dusty Roads, Stormy Seas and Transcendence
982:
952:
848:
673:
658:
603:
329:
963:
A Record of Buddhist Practices Sent Home from the Southern Sea
842:
Yijing translated more than 60 texts into Chinese, including:
715:
A Record of Buddhist Practices Sent Home from the Southern Sea
569:, India), he was also responsible for the translation of many
4248:
4068:
3974:
3809:
3667:
3633:
3613:
3583:
3512:
2929:
2774:
2652:
2647:
2617:
2572:
2419:
2414:
2293:
1998:
1823:
1790:
1780:
662:
647:
634:) after 22 days, where he spent the next six months learning
611:
566:
487:
166:
3844:
2637:
2303:
1800:
827:
749:
578:
32:
3502:
2038:
665:, where he met a senior monk and stayed a year to study
1321:
A Record of the Inner Law Sent Home from the South Seas
725:
469:
455:
372:
358:
247:
233:
4055:
920:
1142:. Internet Archive. Calcutta, S. Gupta (India) Ltd.
1098:. Internet Archive. Calcutta, S. Gupta (India) Ltd.
736:), with some Buddhists practicing according to the
602:. He became a monk at age 14 and was an admirer of
1343:http://www.buddhanet.net/bodh_gaya/bodh_gaya01.htm
4286:
642:. He went on to record visits to the nations of
1115:. Internet Archive. Motilal Banarsidass,India.
1071:. Internet Archive. Motilal Banarsidass,India.
1044:. Internet Archive. Motilal Banarsidass,India.
1186:Buddhist Monk's Pilgrimage of the Tang Dynasty
720:Buddhist Monk's Pilgrimage of the Tang Dynasty
4041:
1368:
1108:
1064:
1037:
907:
893:
881:
867:
853:
705:and received a grand welcome back by Empress
676:500 years ago, Che-li-ki-to is identified as
417:
395:
300:
272:
198:
179:
158:Buddhist Monastic Traditions of Southern Asia
2150:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
1156:Account of Buddhism sent from the South Seas
837:
1023:, Philadelphia: Commercial Museum, p.
593:
4048:
4034:
1375:
1361:
149:
31:
1135:
1091:
988:Great Tang Records on the Western Regions
683:
794:
784:
661:." He then arrived at the East coast of
486:
3337:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1271:Buddhist Monks and Monasteries of India
799:A depiction of Yijing displayed at the
740:and others practicing according to the
491:Yijing's travel map of the 7th century.
4287:
3540:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1275:Buddhist Pilgrim Monks of Tang Dynasty
1016:
4029:
1356:
1319:Yijing, Rongxi, Li, transl. (2000).
1309:, Education About Asia 11 (3), 24-33
1017:Schoff, Wilfred Harvey, ed. (1912),
553:between China and India, especially
726:Distribution of Buddhist traditions
13:
3327:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
696:
155:Excerpt of a scroll from Yijing's
16:Chinese Buddhist monk (635–713 CE)
14:
4386:
1336:
4056:Chinese travellers and explorers
4008:
3998:
3997:
3555:Thai temple art and architecture
3300:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1540:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1406:
1393:
1383:
1109:R.S. Tripathi (1 January 1999).
1065:R.S. Tripathi (1 January 1999).
1038:R.S. Tripathi (1 January 1999).
937:
923:
1407:
1245:
1232:
1219:
3545:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3347:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2427:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1618:Places where the Buddha stayed
1312:Weerawardane, Prasani (2009).
1206:
1176:
1146:
1129:
1102:
1085:
1058:
1031:
1020:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
1010:
908:
894:
882:
868:
854:
470:
456:
418:
396:
373:
359:
301:
273:
248:
234:
199:
180:
1:
3560:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1277:as an appendix. London, 1952
998:
618:. Traveling by a boat out of
4330:Sanskrit–Chinese translators
4305:Chinese scholars of Buddhism
3317:Buddhism and the Roman world
3293:Decline of Buddhism in India
3288:History of Buddhism in India
1388: Topics in
1003:
805:National Museum of Indonesia
7:
4360:7th-century Chinese writers
4335:Tang dynasty Buddhist monks
2515:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2255:
1225:Yijing. Takakusu, J. (tr.)
1212:Yijing. Takakusu, J. (tr.)
916:
37:Artist impression of Yijing
10:
4391:
4315:8th-century Buddhist monks
4310:7th-century Buddhist monks
3465:The unanswerable questions
1262:
788:
614:, India, to further study
588:
494:
4350:Chinese religious writers
4217:
4188:
4171:
4124:
4107:
4078:
4061:
3993:
3945:
3860:
3775:
3550:Buddhist temples in Korea
3473:
3375:
3258:
2955:
2883:
2710:
2583:
2523:
2158:
2113:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2024:
2016:Three planes of existence
1964:
1809:
1701:
1631:
1623:Buddha in world religions
1485:
1430:
1402:
1316:, biblioasia 5 (2), 14-18
838:Translations into Chinese
481:
463:
449:
442:
437:
433:
411:
389:
384:
374:San-tsang Fa-shih I-ching
366:
352:
345:
340:
336:
322:
294:
266:
261:
241:
227:
220:
215:
211:
192:
173:
148:
144:
139:
131:
123:
118:
108:
103:
99:
88:
65:
42:
30:
23:
4320:Tang dynasty translators
3332:Persecution of Buddhists
2553:Four stages of awakening
1934:Three marks of existence
1520:Physical characteristics
1136:Filliozat, Jean (1957).
1112:History of Ancient India
1092:Filliozat, Jean (1957).
1068:History of Ancient India
1041:History of Ancient India
594:To Srivijaya and Nālandā
391:Traditional Chinese
268:Traditional Chinese
175:Traditional Chinese
4365:7th-century translators
2695:Ten principal disciples
1578:(aunt, adoptive mother)
993:Wang ocheonchukguk jeon
413:Simplified Chinese
296:Simplified Chinese
194:Simplified Chinese
3405:Buddhism and democracy
2918:Tibetan Buddhist canon
2913:Chinese Buddhist canon
2145:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2140:Early Buddhist schools
1251:Walser, Joseph (2005)
1238:Walser, Joseph (2005)
824:
810:
803:temporary exhibition,
757:early Buddhist schools
684:Returning to Srivijaya
492:
3415:Eight Consciousnesses
1525:Life of Buddha in art
819:
798:
785:Buddhism in Srivijaya
490:
3892:East Asian religions
3322:Buddhism in the West
2893:Early Buddhist texts
2508:Four Right Exertions
1974:Ten spiritual realms
1467:Noble Eightfold Path
830:kingdom of Ho-ling (
360:Sānzàng Fǎshī Yìjìng
4370:Chinese translators
4340:Pilgrimage accounts
4015:Religion portal
3762:Temple of the Tooth
3641:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2680:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
2173:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
1956:Two truths doctrine
1776:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1576:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1194:on 23 December 2008
1164:on 23 December 2008
4355:Explorers of India
4345:Writers from Jinan
3937:Western philosophy
3535:Dzong architecture
3357:Vipassana movement
3352:Buddhist modernism
2780:Emperor Wen of Sui
2548:Pratyekabuddhayāna
2481:Threefold Training
2283:Vipassana movement
1999:Hungry Ghost realm
1819:Avidyā (Ignorance)
1766:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
1515:Great Renunciation
1510:Eight Great Events
1392:
863:Golden Light Sutra
811:
801:Kedatuan Sriwijaya
493:
4282:
4281:
4023:
4022:
3661:Om mani padme hum
3367:Women in Buddhism
3283:Buddhist councils
3153:Western countries
2941:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
2702:Shaolin Monastery
2279:Samatha-vipassanā
1889:Pratītyasamutpāda
1693:Metteyya/Maitreya
1611:
1603:
1595:
1587:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1440:Four Noble Truths
1122:978-81-208-0018-2
1078:978-81-208-0018-2
1051:978-81-208-0018-2
898:, T. 451), in 707
847:Mūlasarvāstivāda
809:
485:
484:
477:
476:
444:Standard Mandarin
380:
379:
347:Standard Mandarin
257:
256:
222:Standard Mandarin
135:
134:
4382:
4325:Monks of Nalanda
4196:Rabban Bar Sauma
4050:
4043:
4036:
4027:
4026:
4013:
4012:
4001:
4000:
3840:Sacred languages
3688:Maya Devi Temple
3651:Mahabodhi Temple
3455:Secular Buddhism
3420:Engaged Buddhism
2260:
2108:Tibetan Buddhism
2059:Vietnamese Thiền
1658:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
1609:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1561:
1410:
1409:
1397:
1387:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1354:
1353:
1305:Sen, T. (2006).
1294:Internet Archive
1256:
1249:
1243:
1236:
1230:
1223:
1217:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1190:. Archived from
1180:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1160:. Archived from
1150:
1144:
1143:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1035:
1029:
1027:
1014:
958:Chinese Buddhism
947:
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933:
928:
927:
926:
911:
910:
897:
896:
886:, T. 239) in 703
885:
884:
871:
870:
857:
856:
832:Kalingga Kingdom
807:
770:Mulasarvastivada
638:grammar and the
622:, he arrived in
601:
598:Yijing was born
534:
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518:
473:
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4390:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4251:(fl. 1385–1429)
4213:
4210:(fl. 1311–1350)
4184:
4167:
4120:
4103:
4088:(164 BC–113 BC)
4074:
4071:(255 BC–210 BC)
4057:
4054:
4024:
4019:
4007:
3989:
3941:
3856:
3771:
3508:Ordination hall
3469:
3371:
3342:Buddhist crisis
3254:
2951:
2903:Mahayana sutras
2879:
2875:Thích Nhất Hạnh
2706:
2579:
2519:
2469:Bodhisattva vow
2154:
2020:
1960:
1919:Taṇhā (Craving)
1854:Five hindrances
1805:
1697:
1627:
1481:
1426:
1398:
1381:
1339:
1334:
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945:Religion portal
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840:
808:(November 2017)
793:
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728:
699:
697:Return to China
686:
599:
596:
591:
530:
524:
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510:
323:Literal meaning
250:
169:
84:
74:
70:
61:
51:
47:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4388:
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3572:Greco-Buddhist
3564:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
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3523:Burmese pagoda
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3305:Greco-Buddhism
3302:
3297:
3296:
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3280:
3275:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3256:
3255:
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3238:United Kingdom
3235:
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3183:Czech Republic
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2947:Abhidharmadīpa
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2865:B. R. Ambedkar
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2785:Songtsen Gampo
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2464:Eight precepts
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2235:Five Strengths
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2019:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2011:
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1996:
1991:
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1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
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1876:
1874:Mental factors
1871:
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1726:Mahamoggallāna
1723:
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1641:Avalokiteśvara
1637:
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1338:
1337:External links
1335:
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1310:
1303:
1296:
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839:
836:
789:Main article:
786:
783:
727:
724:
698:
695:
685:
682:
640:Malay language
595:
592:
590:
587:
571:Buddhist texts
519:CE), formerly
483:
482:
479:
478:
475:
474:
471:Chang Wên-ming
467:
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460:
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438:Transcriptions
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387:
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341:Transcriptions
334:
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332:-Master Yijing
324:
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291:
270:
264:
263:
262:Buddhist title
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216:Transcriptions
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119:Senior posting
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28:
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2:
4387:
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4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4257:(fl. 14th c.)
4256:
4253:
4250:
4247:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
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4197:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4163:
4160:
4158:(fl. 751–762)
4157:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4116:
4113:
4112:
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4106:
4100:(1st century)
4099:
4096:
4094:(1st century)
4093:
4090:
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4077:
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3791:
3788:
3786:
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3782:
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3778:
3777:Miscellaneous
3774:
3768:
3767:Vegetarianism
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3592:
3590:
3589:Buddha in art
3587:
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3257:
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3243:United States
3241:
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2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2800:Padmasambhava
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2712:Major figures
2709:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2658:Western tulku
2656:
2655:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2459:Five precepts
2457:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2437:Dhamma vicaya
2435:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2205:Buddhābhiṣeka
2203:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1849:Enlightenment
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1839:Dhamma theory
1837:
1835:
1834:Buddha-nature
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1673:Samantabhadra
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1598:
1596:
1590:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1378:
1373:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1330:
1329:1-886439-09-5
1326:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1290:81-206-1622-7
1287:
1283:
1279:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1254:
1248:
1241:
1235:
1228:
1222:
1215:
1209:
1193:
1189:
1187:
1179:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1149:
1141:
1140:
1132:
1124:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1105:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1061:
1053:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1013:
1009:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
946:
940:
935:
932:
921:
905:
904:
900:
891:
888:
879:
878:
877:Diamond Sutra
874:
865:
864:
860:
851:
850:
845:
844:
843:
835:
833:
829:
823:
818:
816:
806:
802:
797:
792:
782:
780:
775:
771:
767:
763:
758:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
734:
723:
721:
717:
716:
710:
708:
704:
694:
691:
681:
679:
675:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
600:Zhang Wenming
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
547:Buddhist monk
545:
542:
538:
537:Zhang Wenming
533:
527:
522:
514:
508:
507:
502:
498:
489:
480:
468:
466:
462:
457:Zhāng Wénmíng
454:
452:
448:
445:
441:
436:
432:
427:
424:
421:
416:
414:
410:
405:
402:
399:
394:
392:
388:
385:Zhang Wenming
383:
371:
369:
365:
357:
355:
351:
348:
344:
339:
335:
331:
328:
325:
321:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
299:
297:
293:
288:
285:
282:
279:
276:
271:
269:
265:
260:
246:
244:
240:
232:
230:
226:
223:
219:
214:
210:
205:
202:
197:
195:
191:
186:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
159:
152:
147:
143:
138:
130:
126:
122:
117:
114:
111:
107:
102:
98:
94:
93:Buddhist monk
91:
89:Occupation(s)
87:
82:
78:
68:
64:
60:
56:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
4164:(fl. 7th c.)
4137:
3955:Bodhisattvas
3875:Christianity
3870:Baháʼí Faith
3735:Dharmachakra
3725:Prayer wheel
3715:Prayer beads
3483:Architecture
3362:969 Movement
3146:Saudi Arabia
3124:Central Asia
3117:South Africa
2939:
2922:
2855:Panchen Lama
2760:Buddhapālita
2356:Satipatthana
2351:Mindful Yoga
2264:Recollection
2178:Brahmavihara
2049:Japanese Zen
2044:Chinese Chan
2004:Animal realm
1811:Key concepts
1633:Bodhisattvas
1445:Three Jewels
1299:
1281:
1274:
1270:
1252:
1247:
1239:
1234:
1229:1896. p. xxv
1226:
1221:
1216:1896. p. xxv
1213:
1208:
1196:. Retrieved
1192:the original
1185:
1178:
1166:. Retrieved
1162:the original
1155:
1148:
1138:
1131:
1111:
1104:
1094:
1087:
1067:
1060:
1040:
1033:
1018:
1012:
978:Vikramashila
931:China portal
901:
895:藥師琉璃光七佛本願功德經
889:
875:
861:
846:
841:
825:
820:
812:
800:
762:Mahāsāṃghika
754:
731:
729:
719:
713:
711:
700:
687:
671:
652:
597:
536:
531:
525:
512:
511:
504:
497:Chinese name
451:Hanyu Pinyin
354:Hanyu Pinyin
229:Hanyu Pinyin
156:
18:
4275:(1587–1641)
4269:(1412–1433)
4263:(1409–1451)
4245:(1385–1436)
4239:(1380–1460)
4233:(1371–1435)
4227:(1365–1457)
4208:Wang Dayuan
4202:Zhou Daguan
4198:(1220–1294)
4181:(1207–1299)
4162:Wang Xuance
3800:Dharma talk
3629:Asalha Puja
3425:Eschatology
3228:Switzerland
3208:New Zealand
3136:Middle East
3045:Philippines
2965:Afghanistan
2770:Bodhidharma
2755:Buddhaghosa
2675:Householder
2585:Monasticism
2538:Bodhisattva
2393:Prostration
2346:Mindfulness
2274:Anapanasati
2257:Kammaṭṭhāna
2054:Korean Seon
1994:Asura realm
1989:Human realm
1929:Ten Fetters
1884:Parinirvana
1786:Uppalavanna
1751:Mahākaccana
1736:Mahākassapa
1668:Kṣitigarbha
1663:Ākāśagarbha
1560:Suddhodāna
1505:Four sights
1432:Foundations
1255:: pp. 41-42
1184:"大唐西域求法高僧傳
883:能斷金剛般若波羅蜜多經
693:same year.
646:and Kiteh (
501:family name
163:Tenri, Nara
59:Tang Empire
4300:713 deaths
4295:635 births
4289:Categories
4225:Chen Cheng
4086:Zhang Qian
3917:Psychology
3897:Gnosticism
3885:Comparison
3880:Influences
3862:Comparison
3745:Bhavacakra
3703:Kushinagar
3678:Pilgrimage
3624:Māgha Pūjā
3579:Bodhi Tree
3395:Buddhology
3385:Abhidharma
3377:Philosophy
3310:Menander I
3178:Costa Rica
3129:Uzbekistan
2970:Bangladesh
2924:Dhammapada
2908:Pali Canon
2870:Ajahn Chah
2850:Dalai Lama
2750:Kumārajīva
2745:Vasubandhu
2720:The Buddha
2628:Zen master
2563:Sakadagami
2543:Buddhahood
2474:Pratimokṣa
2289:Shikantaza
2245:Meditation
2220:Deity yoga
2091:Madhyamaka
1984:Deva realm
1879:Mindstream
1829:Bodhicitta
1741:Aṅgulimāla
1608:Devadatta
1584:Yaśodharā
1487:The Buddha
1477:Middle Way
999:References
465:Wade–Giles
368:Wade–Giles
243:Wade–Giles
95:, traveler
4375:Srivijaya
4152:(730–790)
4146:(688–763)
4140:(635–713)
4134:(602–664)
4117:(337–422)
3985:Festivals
3965:Buddhists
3927:Theosophy
3730:Symbolism
3720:Hama yumi
3693:Bodh Gaya
3460:Socialism
3435:Evolution
3410:Economics
3248:Venezuela
3163:Australia
3158:Argentina
3082:Sri Lanka
3077:Singapore
2995:Indonesia
2957:Countries
2898:Tripiṭaka
2860:Ajahn Mun
2735:Nagarjuna
2730:Aśvaghoṣa
2613:Anagārika
2608:Śrāmaṇerī
2603:Śrāmaṇera
2598:Bhikkhunī
2558:Sotāpanna
2447:Passaddhi
2388:Offerings
2363:Nekkhamma
2240:Iddhipada
2160:Practices
2130:Theravada
2103:Vajrayana
2096:Yogachara
2066:Pure Land
1979:Six Paths
1966:Cosmology
1746:Anuruddha
1721:Sāriputta
1711:Kaundinya
1703:Disciples
1678:Vajrapāṇi
1530:Footprint
1495:Tathāgata
1298:I-Tsing,
1280:I-Tsing,
1154:"南海寄歸內法傳
1004:Citations
791:Srivijaya
774:Saṃmitīya
707:Wu Zetian
690:Palembang
678:Sri Gupta
628:Palembang
626:(today's
624:Srivijaya
620:Guangzhou
559:Indonesia
555:Srivijaya
551:sea route
521:romanized
327:Tripitaka
53:Fanyang (
4273:Xu Xiake
4267:Hong Bao
4231:Zheng He
4204:(1270-?)
4144:Jianzhen
4132:Xuanzang
4098:Gan Ying
4092:Ban Chao
4003:Category
3932:Violence
3902:Hinduism
3850:Sanskrit
3805:Hinayana
3790:Amitābha
3750:Swastika
3619:Uposatha
3609:Holidays
3594:Calendar
3440:Humanism
3278:Kanishka
3268:Timeline
3092:Thailand
3060:Kalmykia
3055:Buryatia
3040:Pakistan
3025:Mongolia
3020:Maldives
3015:Malaysia
2980:Cambodia
2845:Shamarpa
2840:Nichiren
2790:Xuanzang
2725:Nagasena
2643:Rinpoche
2373:Pāramitā
2215:Devotion
2135:Navayana
2123:Dzogchen
2086:Nichiren
2034:Mahayana
2026:Branches
1904:Saṅkhāra
1653:Mañjuśrī
1610:(cousin)
1602:(cousin)
1570:(mother)
1562:(father)
1550:Miracles
1500:Birthday
1417:Glossary
1390:Buddhism
1269:Dutt S,
1242:: pp. 41
973:Xuanzang
968:Song Yun
917:See also
912:) in 710
903:Avadanas
872:) in 703
828:Javanese
779:monastic
766:Sthavira
742:Mahayana
738:Hinayana
667:Sanskrit
636:Sanskrit
616:Buddhism
575:Sanskrit
565:(now in
541:Tang-era
539:, was a
515:(635–713
495:In this
127:Shi Huen
113:Buddhism
109:Religion
104:Personal
77:Chang'an
4261:Yishiha
4243:Fei Xin
4237:Ma Huan
4156:Du Huan
3980:Temples
3960:Buddhas
3922:Science
3912:Judaism
3907:Jainism
3825:Lineage
3785:Abhijñā
3755:Thangka
3698:Sarnath
3683:Lumbini
3604:Funeral
3599:Cuisine
3475:Culture
3450:Reality
3400:Creator
3390:Atomism
3260:History
3233:Ukraine
3193:Germany
3112:Senegal
3102:Vietnam
3030:Myanmar
2830:Shinran
2820:Karmapa
2795:Shandao
2765:Dignāga
2690:Śrāvaka
2670:Donchee
2665:Kappiya
2623:Sayadaw
2593:Bhikkhu
2568:Anāgāmi
2525:Nirvana
2491:Samadhi
2378:Paritta
2319:Tonglen
2314:Mandala
2269:Smarana
2250:Mantras
2198:Upekkha
2168:Bhavana
2118:Shingon
2071:Tiantai
1924:Tathātā
1914:Śūnyatā
1909:Skandha
1899:Saṃsāra
1894:Rebirth
1869:Kleshas
1859:Indriya
1761:Subhūti
1646:Guanyin
1600:Ānanda
1592:Rāhula
1472:Nirvana
1412:Outline
1263:Sources
869:金光明最勝王經
855:一切有部毗奈耶
815:Sumatra
746:Sumatra
703:Luoyang
659:sarongs
632:Sumatra
608:Nālandā
589:Journey
583:Chinese
563:Nālandā
544:Chinese
535:, born
532:I-tsing
526:I-ching
251:I Ching
249:I-ching
124:Teacher
55:Yanjing
4255:Lin Nu
4179:Jakuen
4150:Wukong
4138:Yijing
4115:Faxian
3975:Sutras
3970:Suttas
3835:Siddhi
3820:Koliya
3795:Brahmā
3710:Poetry
3656:Mantra
3646:Kasaya
3518:Pagoda
3498:Kyaung
3493:Vihāra
3488:Temple
3430:Ethics
3273:Ashoka
3223:Sweden
3218:Poland
3213:Norway
3203:Mexico
3188:France
3173:Canada
3168:Brazil
3107:Africa
3087:Taiwan
3050:Russia
2975:Bhutan
2935:Vinaya
2815:Naropa
2805:Saraha
2740:Asanga
2496:Prajñā
2405:Refuge
2368:Nianfo
2329:Tertön
2324:Tantra
2309:Ganana
2299:Tukdam
2225:Dhyāna
2193:Mudita
2188:Karuṇā
2081:Risshū
2076:Huayan
2009:Naraka
1949:Anattā
1944:Dukkha
1939:Anicca
1844:Dharma
1796:Channa
1731:Ānanda
1716:Assaji
1683:Skanda
1586:(wife)
1555:Family
1535:Relics
1460:Sangha
1455:Dharma
1450:Buddha
1327:
1288:
1198:8 July
1168:8 July
1119:
1075:
1048:
983:Hyecho
953:Faxian
849:Vinaya
772:, and
674:Bengal
644:Malayu
604:Faxian
517:
513:Yijing
499:, the
330:Dharma
235:Yìjìng
140:Yijing
71:
48:
25:Yijing
4249:Fu An
4069:Xu Fu
3947:Lists
3815:Kalpa
3810:Iddhi
3673:Music
3668:Mudra
3634:Vassa
3614:Vesak
3584:Budai
3530:Candi
3513:Stupa
3445:Logic
3198:Italy
3097:Tibet
3035:Nepal
3005:Korea
3000:Japan
2990:India
2985:China
2930:Sutra
2885:Texts
2835:Dōgen
2825:Hōnen
2810:Atiśa
2775:Zhiyi
2685:Achar
2653:Tulku
2648:Geshe
2633:Rōshi
2618:Ajahn
2573:Arhat
2533:Bodhi
2503:Vīrya
2420:Sacca
2415:Satya
2410:Sādhu
2398:Music
2341:Merit
2334:Terma
2294:Zazen
2230:Faith
2183:Mettā
1864:Karma
1824:Bardo
1791:Asita
1781:Khema
1771:Upāli
1756:Nanda
1594:(son)
1568:Māyā
1545:Films
1422:Index
663:India
648:Kedah
612:Bihar
610:, in
581:into
573:from
567:Bihar
506:Zhang
167:Japan
81:Xi'an
79:(now
4218:Ming
4189:Yuan
4172:Song
4125:Tang
3845:Pāḷi
3830:Māra
3740:Flag
3141:Iran
3065:Tuva
3010:Laos
2638:Lama
2486:Śīla
2454:Śīla
2442:Pīti
2432:Sati
2383:Puja
2304:Koan
2210:Dāna
1801:Yasa
1688:Tārā
1325:ISBN
1286:ISBN
1200:2006
1170:2006
1117:ISBN
1073:ISBN
1046:ISBN
750:Java
733:Yana
718:and
712:The
650:).
579:Pali
577:and
66:Died
43:Born
4108:Jin
4079:Han
4062:Qin
3567:Art
3503:Wat
2039:Zen
1025:213
909:譬喻經
655:Shu
630:in
557:in
529:or
523:as
503:is
69:713
57:),
46:635
4291::
3069:ru
1292:.
768:,
764:,
748:,
585:.
303:三藏
275:三藏
165:,
161:.
73:CE
50:CE
4049:e
4042:t
4035:v
3071:)
3067:(
2285:)
2281:(
1376:e
1369:t
1362:v
1331:.
1202:.
1188:"
1172:.
1158:"
1125:.
1081:.
1054:.
1028:.
906:(
892:(
880:(
866:(
858:)
852:(
509:.
426:明
423:文
420:张
404:明
401:文
398:張
315:净
312:义
309:师
306:法
287:淨
284:義
281:師
278:法
204:净
201:义
185:淨
182:義
83:)
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