22:
814:
632:
1206:
280:
recruits can only begin their career under the age of 19 and must have completed compulsory education. Most enter at 15, and it is not uncommon for most to be wrestlers who have not managed to break through but are keen to stay in professional sumo. They then work up a career ladder roughly based on
1555:
804:
who enter the ring are notoriously using cheat sheets so as not to make any mistakes in public. On even-numbered days, the call is made from the east, then the west, and on odd-numbered days the call is made in the other way round.
950:
Other tasks on match days include: sweeping the ring, providing purification salt, handing towels to wrestlers, displaying banners showing that a match has been decided by default (usually due to a competitor's
1044:, they are also entrusted with tasks by their stablemasters, such as running errands or keeping track of wrestlers' progress during training sessions. When a stable goes on tour in the odd-numbered months, the
156:
did not appear until 1750. Before the appearance of this term to specifically designate the staff responsible for announcing the wrestlers, several different terms were used over time to designate the
1443:
1270:
and only the kimono worn on the torso varies in color and the names on the back. Since the kimono display the logos and names of the sponsors, it is often offered by them and the
784:'s most emblematic task is to call the wrestlers into the ring for their match of the day. Dressed traditionally and holding a simple white fan, they call the wrestlers by their
855:
drum at different times of the day. Originally, these different times were used to convey different messages to spectators outside the arena. The first drum sound is the
1774:[Jiro promoted to tate-yobidashi, the highest yobidashi rank is restored after almost 4 years, on December 25.] (in Japanese). Nikkan Sports. 28 September 2023
1709:
792:, or ring-name, in a high-pitched and melodious way. The use of a fan was originally intended to prevent droplets of saliva from soiling the sacred surface of the
437:
Promotion through these ranks is based primarily on experience, although ability is also taken into account, particularly in promotions to the top ranks. Junior
1890:
1526:
222:, both of which also mean 'to announce something', to refer more specifically to the personnel announcing the wrestlers. Since in earlier times the
104:) to the ring when it is their turn to fight. They are also entrusted with other roles, both administrative and artistic, in the service of the
841:(advertising) banners around the ring before particular match-ups between popular wrestlers, which are often sponsored by companies. The
1746:
228:
would sit down on their heels in the middle of the ring when the wrestlers arrived and call them by name, they inherited another name:
1258:
often displays sponsors' names in black characters and logo. As there are currently eight main sponsors of the Sumo
Association, each
911:(clan), therefore the method used to beat the drum was different and these variations are traditionally preserved today, even if all
471:
are not generally promoted until they have 45 to 50 years of experience. Most of these ranks clearly follow those for the ranking of
955:), or subject to a rematch after the next two bouts, and ensuring that, during a bout, no wrestler injures himself on the bucket of
1434:
1050:
are also responsible for making the necessary arrangements to reserve accommodation for the masters and wrestlers. When a stable's
1264:
has eight different kimono which he wears during all 15 days of each basho. The costume is the same for senior and junior ranked
601:. In September 2023, however, it was announced that Jirō (also from Kasugano stable), would be promoted by two ranks to become
2000:
574:
are versatile, with the highest ranks appearing at the end of the day and performing tasks that put them in the public eye.
285:
until their retirement at 65. The current ranking system was created in July 1993 and consists of the following nine ranks:
1913:"[Sumo] Yobidashi Here and There: Job Description, How to Become a Yobidashi, Meaning of the White Fan, and More!"
1700:
2098:
179:, who was responsible for presenting the wrestlers to the emperor and the nobility who attended the matches. During the
1977:
1469:
1966:
1666:
1854:
142:
are required to wear traditional clothing in public and are subject to a strict hierarchy in their organisation.
2023:
1482:
1354:
875:
1006:
970:
1146:
is sometimes derived from the name of the master who taught them, borrowing a kanji from the master's name.
958:
1799:"Behind the Scenes of Japan's National Sport, Sumo Wrestling: The Amazing Behind-the-Scenes Craftsmanship!"
836:
491:
ranks, which stand for chief and deputy chief, respectively. This system is identical to that applied for
984:
934:
727:
557:
534:
lived on tips alone. In the same way that low-ranking wrestlers are deprived of certain freedoms, junior
282:
1881:
699:
2073:
1531:
1134:(who were lettered) could be construed as having positions consistent with a samurai status, while the
1053:
906:
66:, often translated in English as "usher", "ring attendant", or "ring announcer", is an employee of the
753:
596:
2108:
1771:
952:
658:
are by far the busiest workers, staying for the whole of the fighting days, staying on site from 7:30
183:, the role became more codified, the staff responsible for calling the wrestlers inherited the name
540:
are also forbidden to live anywhere other than in their stable and are not allowed to marry while
262:
are employees of the Japan Sumo
Association, but like the wrestlers, they are affiliated with the
528:, a young apprentice earns just 14,000 yen ($ 97, or €89 in November 2023) a month. In the past,
2012:
1747:"Tate-yobidashi suspended for 2 tournaments = Violence issue, resignation accepted - Grand Sumo"
67:
872:
am to announce the opening of a day of matches. At the end of the day, immediately after the
1754:
1465:
133:
2103:
1339:
517:
1383:
444:
8:
2077:
2064:
1128:-class persons could hold a surname. The wrestlers (involved in a martial activity) and
1803:
709:
620:
587:, was suspended for two tournaments and announced his retirement for hitting a junior
447:'s training rooms under the tutelage of their seniors. It takes around 15 years for a
2019:
1996:
1989:
1973:
1478:
2041:
1116:
who have both a surname and given name. This may be related to the practice of the
947:, an instrument consisting of two pieces of cherry wood tied together with a cord.
705:
1140:
did not. As in most traditional
Japanese activities, the professional name of the
584:
1912:
718:
use small trucks to transport the materials. As well as building the ring, the
2069:
2042:"Sumo viewing handbook, call-outs, touches, shouts and in-venue announcements"
2092:
71:
1938:
1603:
1318:, or ring name, of the said wrestler can be seen at top of the back of the
1022:
894:
163:
112:
21:
1798:
1346:
1297:
1041:
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is played to invite spectators leaving the arena to disperse. Before the
704:). 40 tonnes of a special clay, called Arakida, collected in the town of
593:
over the head after he caught him eating in the customer seating area on
318:
263:
105:
942:
613:
for the
January 2024 tournament will be released. On the same date, the
70:, responsible for various tasks essential to the traditional running of
1117:
1025:
or guard duty in the corridors, such as fetching drinks or cigarettes.
352:
180:
764:
are present, and it is not uncommon for local volunteers to help with
696:
Construction begins five days before the first day of the tournament (
666:
pm. These tasks begin before the official opening of the tournaments (
248:
allowed in the Sumo
Association is 45. As of April 2023, there are 45
1018:
868:, played during the 15 days of the tournaments, for 30 minutes from 8
525:
420:
369:
813:
738:). Supervision of the construction does not necessarily fall to the
1305:
1282:
colors and designs, on the other hand, are often decided within an
1166:
1017:
also take care of many small requests made by the Sumo
Association
976:
963:(power water) situated at each east and west side of the ring. The
926:
669:
619:
role–vacant since
November 2015–will be taken up by Katsuyuki from
543:
386:
335:
128:
77:
1111:
1100:
take a single name as their ring name, unlike both the wrestlers (
998:
691:
677:
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269:
91:
1313:
1158:
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1070:, to which the stable belongs, take charge of the construction.
798:. Because of the large number of wrestlers in the divisions, the
787:
631:
609:
474:
443:
however undergo six months of theoretical training in one of the
403:
99:
1231:
1176:
1172:
981:-ranked wrestlers to the ring, which are handed to them by the
453:
to be promoted from the bottom of the hierarchy to the rank of
122:
524:
2,313 as of
November 2023), the average Japanese salary for a
1226:
1121:
1082:
850:
2065:
List of current yobidashi at Japan Sumo
Association homepage
1556:"Rikinojo's Yobidashi History Lecture Event Report ~Part 1~"
1205:
1667:"Several questions to a yobidashi: KOKICHI (Kiriyama beya)"
1247:
583:
position has been vacant after the incumbent, Takuro, from
521:
1729:
1727:
513:
750:
may also supervise the construction of the ring. During
503:
were simply ranked first-class, second-class and so on.
1191:
alongside the wrestlers and their training masters, or
989:(assistant) who come out of the changing rooms. Junior
2080:
1991:
The Big Book of Sumo: History, Practice, Ritual, Fight
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1537:. Baseball Magazine, Inc. March 2019. pp. 48–49.
196:, meaning 'preceding referees'. Later came the terms
1155:
also have their names automatically included on the
1498:
16:
Traditional handyman in professional sumo wrestling
2011:
1988:
1965:
1880:
1819:
1699:
1622:
1433:
1324:, in place of the name of the stable to which the
1398:
917:now take part in the tours equally. High-ranking
2090:
1766:
1764:
1477:(in French). New York: Weatherhill. p. 96.
1276:rarely choose the colors of their kimono. Their
562:assigned to them. The tasks that are undue to a
1855:"Sumo's different jobs (part 2): The Yobidashi"
2014:The Book of Sumo: Sport, Spectacle, and Ritual
1753:(in Japanese). 25 October 2019. Archived from
1237:
1034:is not simply confined to tournament days. As
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427:
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342:
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308:
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215:
202:
189:
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43:
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1601:
1435:"Unsung yobidashi keep sumo running smoothly"
465:are promoted only after 30 years of service.
1171:. With the exception of a period around the
607:from December 25 of the same year, when the
1604:"Special feature: All about sumo yobidashi"
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1163:, the ranking sheet produced prior to each
939:ring-entering ceremonies by sounding their
724:are also responsible for the facing of the
49:
712:) are needed for its construction and the
479:, or wrestlers, with the exception of the
125:. Nicknamed "sumo's workhorses" by former
2039:
1848:
1846:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1660:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
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903:took part in the tours separately and by
1658:
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1652:
1650:
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1642:
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1330:belongs, which is normally found there.
1204:
812:
773:
630:
20:
2009:
1878:
1837:
1733:
1701:"Sumo 101: Yobidashi (ring announcers)"
1697:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1431:
1185:had traditionally been included on the
554:are allowed these liberties and have a
96:(wrestling ring) or calling wrestlers (
2091:
1963:
1893:from the original on 18 September 2019
1843:
1786:
1772:"次郎が立呼び出しに昇進 呼び出し最高位が約４年ぶりに復活、12月25日付"
1597:
1511:
1410:
1378:
1376:
969:are also responsible for bringing the
1941:(in Japanese). Japan Sumo Association
1637:
1595:
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1028:Nevertheless, the responsibility for
237:
1986:
1825:
1684:
1631:
1464:
1404:
823:(advertising) banners before a match
685:
635:After a tournament day is over, the
1879:Gunning, John (13 September 2019).
1852:
1446:from the original on 29 August 2018
1373:
1149:As from July 1993 the upper ranked
626:
13:
2033:
1602:Koichi Kitade (17 November 2019).
1574:
1494:– via Dosukoi Sumo Magazine.
1288:, but it can also be presented by
1058:(training area) needs rebuilding,
512:earns between 360,000 and 400,000
14:
2120:
2058:
1664:
1225:is loosely based on an old style
827:Another recognisable task of the
568:depend on his rank, although all
1712:from the original on 23 May 2019
1432:Gunning, John (29 August 2018).
1310:as a commemorative gift and the
1040:, like wrestlers, belong to the
847:are responsible for banging the
234:, meaning 'squatting referees'.
1957:
1931:
1905:
1872:
1739:
744:. Depending on their skills, a
674:) with the construction of the
1919:(in Japanese). 23 January 2020
1562:(in Japanese). 21 October 2019
1517:
1458:
1252:socks. The kimono worn by the
808:
732:(the suspended roof above the
1:
2054:(article on a day of matches)
1964:Cuyler, Patricia Lee (1979).
1807:(in Japanese). 9 January 2015
1698:Gunning, John (23 May 2019).
1471:Takamiyama: the world of sumo
1361:
1357:of the Japan Sumo Association
1090:
880:(bow-twirling) ceremony, the
254:within the Sumo Association.
88:are involved in building the
2010:Kenrick, Douglas M. (1969).
1939:"Meet our official partners"
1079:to write folk songs, called
283:ranking system for wrestlers
166:, there was a role known as
108:to which they are attached.
7:
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1073:It is also traditional for
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1036:
1030:
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1005:
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983:
975:
965:
957:
941:
933:
931:-ranked wrestlers in their
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158:
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138:
127:
121:was not codified until the
117:
98:
90:
84:
76:
27:
10:
2125:
2099:Japanese words and phrases
1294:who have been promoted to
1200:
689:
145:
31:at the May 2008 tournament
2018:. New York: Weatherhill.
1972:. New York: Weatherhill.
1384:"Yobidashi (Ushers) List"
1238:
1011:ceremony. Less publicly,
887:
862:
428:
411:
394:
377:
360:
343:
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309:
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216:
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173:
44:
1968:Sumo: From rite to sport
1386:. Japan Sumo Association
1366:
1244:, working trousers, and
1209:Traditional outfit of a
1917:Dosukoi Sports Magazine
1229:workman's outfit, with
1219:The outfit worn by the
652:During the tournament,
577:Since October 2019 the
111:Established during the
1995:. Stone Bridge Press.
1216:
1087:, based on sumo life.
824:
649:
497:. Prior to July 1993,
242:The maximum number of
68:Japan Sumo Association
32:
1757:on 17 September 2020.
1208:
816:
774:Calling the wrestlers
634:
24:
1340:List of sumo stables
1987:Hall, Mina (1997).
1882:"Sumo 101: Kaobure"
616:fuku-tate-yobidashi
304:fuku-tate-yobidashi
1853:Schuler, Nicolas.
1804:Weekly Toyo Keizai
1217:
923:finally accompany
825:
747:san'yaku-yobidashi
710:Saitama Prefecture
650:
621:Shibatayama stable
462:makuuchi-yobidashi
238:Career and ranking
33:
2002:978-1-880656-28-0
1751:Jiji Press Agency
995:also help senior
758:(tours), not all
686:Building the ring
72:professional sumo
2116:
2109:Sumo terminology
2084:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2029:
2017:
2006:
1994:
1983:
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1859:Le Monde du Sumo
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895:Second World War
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833:is parading the
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627:Responsibilities
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82:) in Japan. The
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2078:Sumo Prime Time
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2045:
2040:Atsuo Tsubota.
2036:
2034:Further reading
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2003:
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1954:
1944:
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1910:
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1887:The Japan Times
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1706:The Japan Times
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1665:Hotta, Harumi.
1663:
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1613:
1611:
1600:
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1560:Osumo3 Magazine
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1553:
1542:
1529:
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1518:
1510:
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1487:
1485:
1474:
1466:Kuhaulua, Jesse
1463:
1459:
1449:
1447:
1440:The Japan Times
1430:
1411:
1403:
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1389:
1387:
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1374:
1369:
1364:
1355:Other personnel
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1203:
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884:
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659:
629:
585:Kasugano stable
456:jūryō-yobidashi
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1838:Kenrick 1969
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1776:. Retrieved
1755:the original
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1512:Cuyler 1979
1179:, only the
1003:during the
809:Other tasks
2093:Categories
2025:083480039X
1864:31 October
1566:31 October
1484:0870111957
1362:References
1177:Bunsei era
1173:Kansei era
1118:Edo period
1091:Ring names
1019:executives
953:withdrawal
882:hane-daiko
690:See also:
641:cover the
520:2,513, or
423:-yobidashi
406:-yobidashi
389:-yobidashi
372:-yobidashi
355:-yobidashi
338:-yobidashi
321:-yobidashi
181:Edo period
134:Takamiyama
123:Tenmei era
45:呼出 or 呼び出し
2082:yobidashi
1826:Hall 1997
1632:Hall 1997
1405:Hall 1997
1327:yobidashi
1273:yobidashi
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728:tsuriyane
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277:yobidashi
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1891:Archived
1710:Archived
1524:"Sumo".
1444:Archived
1390:30 April
1334:See also
1306:yokozuna
1227:Japanese
1167:honbasho
977:makuuchi
943:hyōshigi
927:sekitori
700:shonichi
670:honbasho
548:-ranked
544:sekitori
506:While a
387:sandanme
336:makuuchi
319:san'yaku
185:maegyōji
129:sekiwake
78:honbasho
2085:episode
2074:YouTube
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1945:23 June
1923:23 June
1897:23 June
1811:23 June
1676:23 June
1614:23 June
1490:23 June
1450:23 June
1314:shikona
1291:rikishi
1285:ichimon
1201:Uniform
1194:oyakata
1188:banzuke
1159:banzuke
1126:samurai
1104:rikishi
1067:ichimon
1054:keikoba
1042:stables
973:of the
907:ichimon
788:shikona
706:Kawagoe
662:am to 6
610:banzuke
475:rikishi
404:jonidan
266:. Like
264:stables
146:History
100:rikishi
53:
25:Hideo,
2022:
1999:
1976:
1716:23 May
1481:
1321:hakama
1279:hakama
1108:) and
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837:kenshō
820:kenshō
754:jungyō
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597:jungyō
459:. The
274:, new
211:nanori
136:, the
106:stable
2070:Video
1534:]
1475:(PDF)
1367:Notes
1298:ōzeki
1182:gyōji
1131:gyōji
1122:Japan
1112:gyōji
1083:jinku
999:gyōji
851:taiko
795:dohyō
767:dohyō
735:dohyō
692:Dohyō
678:dohyō
645:dohyō
494:gyōji
429:序ノ口呼出
412:序二段呼出
395:三段目呼出
353:jūryō
270:gyōji
168:fushō
92:dohyō
2050:2023
2020:ISBN
1997:ISBN
1974:ISBN
1947:2023
1925:2023
1899:2023
1866:2023
1813:2023
1780:2023
1718:2019
1678:2023
1616:2023
1568:2023
1492:2023
1479:ISBN
1452:2023
1392:2023
1347:Heya
1248:tabi
888:跳ね太鼓
863:一番太鼓
817:The
778:The
485:and
482:tate
378:幕下呼出
361:十両呼出
344:幕内呼出
327:三役呼出
310:副立呼出
281:the
209:and
198:fure
59:call
50:lit.
2072:on
1608:NHK
1302:or
1239:裁着袴
1175:to
1120:in
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514:yen
296:立呼出
217:名乗り
191:前行司
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174:奏上
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