Knowledge

Yun Dong-ju

Source 📝

769:) is representative of the poems dating from 1934 to 1936, his period of literary apprenticeship. It describes the conflict between life and death, or light and darkness, but its poetic framework is more or less crude. From 1937 onwards, however, his poems reveal ruthless introspection and anxiety about the dark realities of the times. The poems of this later period reach clear literary fruition in terms of their reflection on the inner self and their recognition of nationalist realities, as embodied in the poet's own experiences. In particular, they evince a steely spirit that attempts to overcome anxiety, loneliness, and despair and to surmount contemporary realities through hope and courage. 663:. During his second year at Yonhi College, he published a poem in the boy magazine, and officially appeared in the paragraph. In 1942, he went to Japan and entered the English Literature Department at Rikkyo University, but later that year, he transferred to the English Literature Department at Doshisha University. But was arrested by the Japanese police for alleged anti-Japanese movements in 1943. While imprisoned in a Fukuoka, he died at the age of 28, leaving over 100 poems. His cause of death in Fukuoka prison is uncertain, but theories have been raised based on accounts of saltwater injections and medical experiments performed at that prison. His book, 68: 168: 307: 27: 691: 831:
2003. "SKY, WIND, AND STARS", the first English translation of Yun's complete poetic works was published by the Asian Humanities Press of Fremont, CA, in the U.S.A. The translators: Kyung-Nyun Kim Richards(김경년), Steffen F. Richards. The translation and the publication were supported in part by the
728:
After crossing over to Japan, entering Kyoto Doshisha University in 1942, arrested by the Japanese police for an independence movement in 1943, imprisoned in a Fukuoka prison, leaving over 100 poems and died in prison at the age of 28. The view that the signing of the Japanese saltwater Vivo and
764:
Yun’s poetry is notable for the childlike persona of his narrators, sensitive awareness of a lost hometown, and an unusual scapegoat mentality deriving from a sense of shame at not being able to lead a conscientious life in a period of gloomy social realities. "Life and Death"
682:, was also arrested while trying to join the independence movement and was classified as a subject of Japanese experimentation in Japan. While in Japan, he adopted the Japanese name, Hiranuma (平沼). In addition to his Korean name, the nicknames Dongju and Yunju were also used. 670:
He was recognized as one of the conscientious intellectuals in the latter half of the Japanese colonial period, and his poems were based on criticism and self-reflection of the Japanese colonial government and the Joseon Governor-General. His friend and cousin,
708:). He entered Eunjin Middle School in Longjing in 1932 and moved to Pyeongyang to attend Soongsil Middle School in 1936. When the school was closed down in the same year he moved back to Longjing. On 27 December 1941, aged 23, he graduated from 1082: 1339: 108:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge. 825:). His poetry had a huge impact. In 1976, Yun's relatives collected his other poems and added them to a third edition of the book. The poems that are in this edition (116 in total) are considered to be most of Yun's works. 1356: 1346: 748:
and others established an endowment for the Yun Tong-ju Poetry Prize. In 2007, he was listed by the Korean Poets' Association among the ten most important modern Korean poets.
698:
Yun Dong-ju was born as the eldest son among the four children of his father Yun Yeong-seok and his mother Kim Yong at Mingdong village (also known as Myeongdong-chon) in
1000: 970:
Choi, Dong-Ho. 2002. "A Study of Intertextuality between Yoon Dong Ju's 'Another Hometown' and Lee Sang's 'The Lineage': Centering on the Poetic Word 'the Skeleton',"
890:
was released in February 2016. It depicts the lives of Yun Dong-ju and Song Mong-gyu in the setting of the Japanese colonial era. Yun is portrayed by actor
1167: 1575: 1570: 111:
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
1560: 1332: 1488: 1473: 1442: 1412: 1385: 672: 1503: 1458: 1427: 1397: 1361: 737:
In 1948 three collections of his handwritten manuscripts were published posthumously as "The Heavens and the Wind and the Stars and Poetry" (
719:
He had been writing poetry from time to time and chose 19 poems to publish in a collection he intended to call "Sky, Wind, Star, and Poem" (
1555: 757: 1004: 702:, where many Korean settlers in China lived during the Japanese occupation of Korea. As a child, he was called "Haehwan" (해환, 海煥 1244: 1610: 232: 1595: 828:
In a 1986 survey, he was selected as 'the most popular poet amongst the youth' and his popularity continues to this day.
204: 1600: 1580: 119: 741:). With the appearance of this volume Yun came into the spotlight as a Resistance poet of the late occupation period. 1590: 1585: 961: 330: 269: 251: 54: 132:
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Korean Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
211: 1324: 886: 557: 485: 189: 1550: 1175: 929: 218: 1217: 641: 185: 40: 200: 1605: 1565: 1055: 729:
after his death the Japanese by Maruta is uncertain, but raising theories, biological experiments.
127: 178: 1153: 1275: 571: 499: 148: 651:
Yun was born in Longing, Jilin, China. After studying at the Myeongdong School, he moved to
1545: 1540: 871: 288: 1131: 8: 1289: 408: 225: 1189: 1493: 1478: 1463: 1432: 1417: 1402: 1390: 898: 677: 80: 1263: 957: 939: 835:
2020, Korean-American Byun Man-sik translated Yoon Dong-ju's representative poems as
745: 713: 660: 403: 393: 123: 1194: 881:, a musical based on his life, was performed by the Seoul Performing Arts Company. 832:
Grants from KLTI(한국문학번역원) and the Institute of Korean Literature and Arts(문예진흥재단)
306: 141: 46: 1096: 1060: 934: 704: 699: 645: 632: 618: 351: 322: 1354: 998:""Yoon Dongju" LTI Korea Datasheet available at LTI Korea Library or online at: 1040: 1026: 848: 636:; 30 December 1917 – 16 February 1945) was a Korean poet. He is known for his 1534: 1001:"Author Database : Yoon Dongju - Korea Literature Translation Institute" 812: 709: 1450: 1377: 920:
On 30 December 2010, Google Doodle celebrated the Birthday of Yun Dong-ju.
917:
performed song title "Your Night" inspired from Yun Dong-ju life and poet.
891: 867: 637: 1511: 283: 655:
and graduated from Soongsil Middle School (now Soongsil High School in
130:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
562: 547: 544: 490: 475: 472: 469: 652: 855:(the title of the English translation of original Korean novel) is, 167: 1318: 902: 513: 595: 910: 347: 105: 1218:"Infinite Challenge Recap: Episode 513 - Korean Variety Recaps" 914: 805:
In January 1948, 31 of his poems were published by Jeongeumsa (
520: 445: 894:. Several theaters screened the movie with English subtitles. 690: 906: 656: 536: 461: 326: 1245:"30 December: Remembering Yun Dong-ju on Birth Anniversary" 972:
Journal of the Research Society of Language and Literature
694:
Yun Dong-ju's graduation picture from Yonhi College (1941)
811:, 正音社), together with an introduction by the fellow poet 576: 504: 1154:"Poet Yun Dong-ju's tale goes global in mystery novel" 1190:"Theaters to screen "Dong-Ju" with English subtitles" 760:
summarizes Yun's contributions to Korean literature:
101: 192:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1532: 901:featured the climax of the history and hip-hop, 126:accompanying your translation by providing an 92:Click for important translation instructions. 79:expand this article with text translated from 1340: 820: 806: 720: 667:(하늘과 바람과 별과 詩), was published posthumously. 622: 542: 526: 467: 451: 951: 798: 55:Learn how and when to remove these messages 1347: 1333: 725:),but he was unable to get it published. 665:The Sky, the Wind, the Stars, and the Poem 305: 758:Literature Translation Institute of Korea 270:Learn how and when to remove this message 252:Learn how and when to remove this message 1576:Korean people who died in prison custody 1571:Prisoners who died in Japanese detention 994: 992: 990: 988: 689: 659:). He later moved to Seoul and attended 1561:Literature of Korea under Japanese rule 1168:"DONGJU; The Portrait of A Poet (2016)" 1533: 1056:"Top Ten Korean Modern Poets Selected" 773: 1328: 1243:Desk, OV Digital (30 December 2022). 1053: 985: 866:is recited by "Sam", on South Korean 842: 703: 631: 1242: 1113:Kim Young-jin, 2024, book review of 952:Yu, Jong-ho (1996). "Yun, Tong-ju". 190:adding citations to reliable sources 161: 61: 20: 1054:Chung, Ah-young (15 October 2007). 956:. Seoul: Hollym. pp. 554–555. 640:and for his poems dedicated to the 13: 1357:Independence Fighters of the Month 1133:I am Your Teacher | 아이 엠 샘 - Ep.13 14: 1622: 1556:Activists for Korean independence 1311: 1097:"구순의 재미동포 변만식 씨 '윤동주 시' 영어번역판 출간" 36:This article has multiple issues. 166: 66: 25: 16:Korean national poet (1917–1945) 1282: 1236: 1210: 1182: 1160: 978: 859:"an imaginative paean to" Yun. 177:needs additional citations for 44:or discuss these issues on the 1146: 1124: 1107: 1089: 1075: 1047: 1033: 1019: 954:Who's Who in Korean Literature 887:DongJu: The Portrait of a Poet 739:Haneulgwa Baramgwa Byeolgwa Si 721: 712:, in Seoul which later became 623: 543: 527: 468: 452: 136:You may also add the template 1: 945: 930:List of Korean-language poets 837:Yoon Dong-ju: Selected Poems 815:; this work was also titled 685: 642:Korean independence movement 7: 1611:Korean expatriates in China 923: 879:Yun Dong-ju Shoots the Moon 791:One Night I Count the Stars 577: 563: 505: 491: 10: 1627: 1596:Doshisha University alumni 1319:Yoon Dong-ju Memorial Hall 1290:"Birthday of Yun, Dong-ju" 897:On 31 December episode of 281: 100:Machine translation, like 1601:20th-century male writers 1581:20th-century Korean poets 1370: 821: 817:Sky, Wind, Star, and Poem 807: 785:Sky, Wind, Star, and Poem 732: 593: 588: 584: 570: 556: 535: 519: 512: 498: 484: 460: 444: 439: 435: 423: 415: 399: 389: 381: 373: 365: 357: 336: 316: 304: 297: 81:the corresponding article 1591:Rikkyo University alumni 1586:Yonsei University alumni 800:Sky, Wind, Star and Poem 788:Those Who love the stars 429:Sky, Wind, Star and Poem 751: 147:For more guidance, see 695: 361:Longjing, Jilin, China 1222:Korean Variety Recaps 693: 629:Korean pronunciation: 286:, the family name is 149:Knowledge:Translation 138:{{Translated|ko|윤동주}} 120:copyright attribution 1551:Korean Presbyterians 1172:www.koreanfilm.or.kr 872:I Am Sam (TV series) 558:Revised Romanization 486:Revised Romanization 186:improve this article 1115:The Investigation, 1007:on 14 December 2013 774:Collection of poems 633:[jundoŋdʑu] 409:Doshisha University 1274:has generic name ( 899:Infinite Challenge 874:", in episode 13. 853:The Investigation 843:In popular culture 744:In November 1968, 696: 128:interlanguage link 1606:Papyeong Yun clan 1566:Korean male poets 1528: 1527: 1178:on 25 March 2016. 940:Korean literature 868:television series 746:Yonsei University 714:Yonsei University 705:[hɛːhwan] 608: 607: 572:McCune–Reischauer 500:McCune–Reischauer 404:Rikkyo University 385:Republic of Korea 331:Republic of China 280: 279: 272: 262: 261: 254: 236: 160: 159: 93: 89: 59: 1618: 1518: 1510: 1502: 1497: 1487: 1482: 1472: 1467: 1457: 1449: 1441: 1436: 1426: 1421: 1411: 1406: 1394: 1384: 1376: 1365: 1349: 1342: 1335: 1326: 1325: 1321: 1305: 1304: 1302: 1300: 1286: 1280: 1279: 1273: 1269: 1267: 1259: 1257: 1255: 1240: 1234: 1233: 1231: 1229: 1224:. 1 January 2017 1214: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1195:The Korea Herald 1186: 1180: 1179: 1174:. Archived from 1164: 1158: 1157: 1150: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1140: 1128: 1122: 1119:The Korea Times, 1111: 1105: 1104: 1093: 1087: 1086: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1070: 1068: 1051: 1045: 1044: 1037: 1031: 1030: 1023: 1017: 1016: 1014: 1012: 1003:. Archived from 996: 967: 824: 823: 810: 809: 782:Another Hometown 724: 723: 707: 681: 635: 630: 626: 625: 604: 601: 599: 597: 580: 566: 551: 550: 530: 529: 508: 494: 479: 478: 455: 454: 346:Fukuoka Prison, 343: 340:16 February 1945 320:30 December 1917 309: 295: 294: 275: 268: 257: 250: 246: 243: 237: 235: 194: 170: 162: 139: 133: 106:Google Translate 91: 87: 70: 69: 62: 51: 29: 28: 21: 1626: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1619: 1617: 1616: 1615: 1531: 1530: 1529: 1524: 1516: 1508: 1500: 1491: 1485: 1476: 1470: 1461: 1455: 1447: 1439: 1430: 1424: 1415: 1409: 1400: 1388: 1382: 1374: 1366: 1359: 1353: 1317: 1314: 1309: 1308: 1298: 1296: 1288: 1287: 1283: 1271: 1270: 1261: 1260: 1253: 1251: 1241: 1237: 1227: 1225: 1216: 1215: 1211: 1201: 1199: 1198:. 22 March 2016 1188: 1187: 1183: 1166: 1165: 1161: 1152: 1151: 1147: 1138: 1136: 1130: 1129: 1125: 1112: 1108: 1095: 1094: 1090: 1081: 1080: 1076: 1066: 1064: 1061:The Korea Times 1052: 1048: 1039: 1038: 1034: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1010: 1008: 999: 997: 986: 981: 964: 948: 935:Korean diaspora 926: 845: 803: 779:New Myeong-dong 776: 754: 735: 688: 675: 646:Empire of Japan 628: 594: 552: 531: 480: 456: 427:《하늘과 바람과 별과 詩》( 407: 400:Alma mater 352:Empire of Japan 345: 341: 321: 312: 300: 293: 276: 265: 264: 263: 258: 247: 241: 238: 195: 193: 183: 171: 156: 155: 154: 137: 131: 94: 88:(February 2024) 71: 67: 30: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1624: 1614: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1526: 1525: 1523: 1522: 1514: 1506: 1498: 1483: 1468: 1453: 1445: 1437: 1422: 1407: 1395: 1380: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1352: 1351: 1344: 1337: 1329: 1323: 1322: 1313: 1312:External links 1310: 1307: 1306: 1294:www.google.com 1281: 1249:Observer Voice 1235: 1209: 1181: 1159: 1145: 1123: 1106: 1103:. 28 May 2020. 1088: 1083:"네이버 뉴스 라이브러리" 1074: 1046: 1032: 1018: 983: 982: 980: 977: 976: 975: 968: 962: 947: 944: 943: 942: 937: 932: 925: 922: 849:Lee Jung-myung 844: 841: 839:into English. 802: 797: 793: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 775: 772: 771: 770: 767:Salmgwa jugeum 753: 750: 734: 731: 687: 684: 638:lyric poetries 606: 605: 591: 590: 586: 585: 582: 581: 574: 568: 567: 560: 554: 553: 541: 539: 533: 532: 525: 523: 517: 516: 510: 509: 502: 496: 495: 488: 482: 481: 466: 464: 458: 457: 450: 448: 442: 441: 437: 436: 433: 432: 425: 421: 420: 417: 413: 412: 401: 397: 396: 391: 387: 386: 383: 379: 378: 375: 371: 370: 367: 363: 362: 359: 355: 354: 344:(aged 27) 338: 334: 333: 318: 314: 313: 310: 302: 301: 298: 278: 277: 260: 259: 174: 172: 165: 158: 157: 153: 152: 145: 134: 112: 109: 98: 95: 76: 75: 74: 72: 65: 60: 34: 33: 31: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1623: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1536: 1521: 1515: 1513: 1507: 1505: 1499: 1495: 1490: 1489:Park Si-chang 1484: 1480: 1475: 1474:Jung Hwan-lee 1469: 1465: 1460: 1454: 1452: 1446: 1444: 1443:Cho Shin-sung 1438: 1434: 1429: 1423: 1419: 1414: 1413:Kwon Dong-jin 1408: 1404: 1399: 1396: 1392: 1387: 1386:Kim Gwang-jae 1381: 1379: 1373: 1372: 1369: 1363: 1358: 1350: 1345: 1343: 1338: 1336: 1331: 1330: 1327: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1295: 1291: 1285: 1277: 1265: 1250: 1246: 1239: 1223: 1219: 1213: 1197: 1196: 1191: 1185: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1163: 1155: 1149: 1135: 1134: 1127: 1120: 1116: 1110: 1102: 1098: 1092: 1084: 1078: 1063: 1062: 1057: 1050: 1042: 1041:"한국민족문화대백과사전" 1036: 1028: 1027:"한국민족문화대백과사전" 1022: 1006: 1002: 995: 993: 991: 989: 984: 974:39: 309–325. 973: 969: 965: 963:1-56591-066-4 959: 955: 950: 949: 941: 938: 936: 933: 931: 928: 927: 921: 918: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 895: 893: 889: 888: 882: 880: 875: 873: 869: 865: 860: 858: 854: 850: 840: 838: 833: 829: 826: 818: 814: 813:Chong Ji-yong 801: 796: 790: 787: 784: 781: 778: 777: 768: 763: 762: 761: 759: 749: 747: 742: 740: 730: 726: 717: 715: 711: 710:Yonhi College 706: 701: 692: 683: 679: 674: 673:Song Mong-gyu 668: 666: 662: 661:Yonhi College 658: 654: 649: 647: 643: 639: 634: 620: 616: 612: 603: 592: 587: 583: 579: 575: 573: 569: 565: 561: 559: 555: 549: 546: 540: 538: 534: 524: 522: 518: 515: 511: 507: 503: 501: 497: 493: 489: 487: 483: 477: 474: 471: 465: 463: 459: 449: 447: 443: 438: 434: 430: 426: 424:Notable works 422: 418: 414: 410: 406:(dropped out) 405: 402: 398: 395: 394:Yonhi College 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 358:Resting place 356: 353: 349: 339: 335: 332: 328: 324: 319: 315: 308: 303: 296: 291: 290: 285: 274: 271: 256: 253: 245: 234: 231: 227: 224: 220: 217: 213: 210: 206: 203: –  202: 201:"Yun Dong-ju" 198: 197:Find sources: 191: 187: 181: 180: 175:This article 173: 169: 164: 163: 150: 146: 143: 135: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 110: 107: 103: 99: 97: 96: 90: 84: 82: 77:You can help 73: 64: 63: 58: 56: 49: 48: 43: 42: 37: 32: 23: 22: 19: 1519: 1504:Gwon Deug-su 1459:Gu Chun-seon 1451:Tjyongoui Yi 1428:Son Jeong-do 1398:Seo Sang-don 1378:Lim Chi-jung 1297:. Retrieved 1293: 1284: 1252:. Retrieved 1248: 1238: 1226:. Retrieved 1221: 1212: 1200:. Retrieved 1193: 1184: 1176:the original 1171: 1162: 1148: 1137:, retrieved 1132: 1126: 1121:12–13 April. 1118: 1114: 1109: 1100: 1091: 1077: 1065:. Retrieved 1059: 1049: 1035: 1021: 1009:. Retrieved 1005:the original 971: 953: 919: 896: 892:Kang Ha-Neul 885: 883: 878: 876: 863: 861: 857:inter alia, 856: 852: 846: 836: 834: 830: 827: 822:하늘과 바람과 별과 시 816: 804: 799: 794: 766: 755: 743: 738: 736: 727: 722:하늘과 바람과 별과 시 718: 697: 669: 664: 650: 644:against the 615:Yoon Dong-ju 614: 610: 609: 428: 342:(1945-02-16) 287: 266: 248: 239: 229: 222: 215: 208: 196: 184:Please help 179:verification 176: 124:edit summary 115: 86: 78: 52: 45: 39: 38:Please help 35: 18: 1546:1945 deaths 1541:1917 births 1520:Yun Dong-ju 1512:Chu Ki-chol 1492: [ 1477: [ 1462: [ 1431: [ 1416: [ 1401: [ 1389: [ 1360: [ 1299:30 December 1272:|last= 1254:30 December 1067:15 February 1011:14 December 676: [ 621::  611:Yun Dong-ju 440:Korean name 382:Nationality 311:Yun in 1942 299:Yun Dong-ju 284:Korean name 1535:Categories 1486:September: 979:References 946:References 909:featuring 884:The movie 864:Yun Dongju 596:yoondongju 506:Yun Tongju 492:Yun Dongju 411:(expelled) 366:Occupation 323:Lung-ching 212:newspapers 41:improve it 1517:December: 1509:November: 1383:February: 877:In 2011, 862:In 2007, 851:'s novel 686:Biography 653:Pyongyang 390:Education 242:June 2023 142:talk page 83:in Korean 47:talk page 1501:October: 1375:January: 1264:cite web 1228:10 April 1202:22 March 1139:17 March 924:See also 903:Kwanghee 700:Longjing 514:Art name 374:Language 282:In this 118:provide 1471:August: 911:Oh Hyuk 795:etc... 598:.yonsei 589:Website 578:Haehwan 564:Haehwan 348:Fukuoka 327:Chi-lin 226:scholar 140:to the 122:in the 85:. 1425:April: 1410:March: 1117:p. 17, 1101:Yobhap 960:  915:Hyukoh 733:Legacy 619:Korean 521:Hangul 446:Hangul 377:Korean 228:  221:  214:  207:  199:  1496:] 1481:] 1466:] 1456:July: 1448:June: 1435:] 1420:] 1405:] 1393:] 1364:] 1355:2007 913:from 907:Gaeko 680:] 657:Seoul 537:Hanja 462:Hanja 416:Genre 233:JSTOR 219:books 102:DeepL 1440:May: 1301:2022 1276:help 1256:2022 1230:2017 1204:2019 1141:2021 1069:2020 1013:2013 958:ISBN 905:and 756:The 752:Work 419:Poem 369:Poet 337:Died 317:Born 205:news 116:must 114:You 847:In 808:정음사 624:윤동주 613:or 602:.kr 600:.ac 453:윤동주 289:Yun 188:by 104:or 1537:: 1494:ko 1479:ko 1464:ko 1433:ko 1418:ko 1403:ko 1391:ko 1362:ko 1292:. 1268:: 1266:}} 1262:{{ 1247:. 1220:. 1192:. 1170:. 1099:. 1058:. 987:^ 716:. 678:ko 648:. 627:, 528:해환 350:, 329:, 325:, 50:. 1348:e 1341:t 1334:v 1303:. 1278:) 1258:. 1232:. 1206:. 1156:. 1085:. 1071:. 1043:. 1029:. 1015:. 966:. 870:" 819:( 765:( 617:( 548:煥 545:海 476:柱 473:東 470:尹 431:) 292:. 273:) 267:( 255:) 249:( 244:) 240:( 230:· 223:· 216:· 209:· 182:. 151:. 144:. 57:) 53:(

Index

improve it
talk page
Learn how and when to remove these messages
the corresponding article
DeepL
Google Translate
copyright attribution
edit summary
interlanguage link
talk page
Knowledge:Translation

verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Yun Dong-ju"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
Learn how and when to remove this message
Korean name
Yun
Yun in 1942
Lung-ching
Chi-lin
Republic of China
Fukuoka

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.