5087:
562:
454:
4622:
The FPC register contains
Interrupt Masks (IM), Status Flags (SF), Data Exception Code (DXC), Decimal Rounding Mode (DRM) and Binary Rounding Mode (BRM). An interruption only stores the DXC if the FPC register if the AFP-register (additional floating-point register) control bit, bit 13 of control
5501:
Until the mid-1990s
Central and Expanded Storage were physically different areas of memory on the processor. Since the mid-1990s Central and Expanded Storage were merely assignment choices for the underlying processor memory. These choices were made based on specific expected uses: For example,
4972:
The prefix register is used in translating a real address to an absolute address. In z/Architecture mode, the PSA is 2 pages (8 KiB). Bits 0-32 and 51-63 are always zero. If bits 0-50 of a real address are zero then they are replaced by bits 0-50 of the prefix register; if bits 0-50 of the real
5150:
z/Architecture uses the same truncated addressing as ESA, with some additional instruction formats. As with ESA, in AR mode each nonzero base register is associated with a base register specifying the address space. Depending on the instruction, an address may be provided in several different
5456:
Expanded
Storage is 4KB-page addressable. When an application wants to access data in Expanded Storage it must first be moved into Central Storage. Similarly, data movement from Central Storage to Expanded Storage is done in multiples of 4KB pages. Initially page movement was performed using
5334:, whereas the earlier z900, z800, z990, z890, System z9 specified ARCHLVL 2. Earlier announcements of System z10 simply specified that it implements z/Architecture with some additions: 50+ new machine instructions, 1 MB page frames, and hardware decimal floating point unit (HDFU).
441:. The IBM z13 is the last z Systems server to support running an operating system in ESA/390 architecture mode. However, all 24-bit and 31-bit problem-state application programs originally written to run on the ESA/390 architecture will be unaffected by this change.
5318:
z/Architecture supports running multiple concurrent operating systems and applications even if they use different address sizes. This allows software developers to choose the address size that is most advantageous for their applications and data structures.
5651:
operating system implement ESA/390 plus
Hitachi-unique CPU instructions, including a few 64-bit instructions. While Hitachi formally collaborated with IBM on the z900-G2/z800 CPUs introduced in 2002, Hitachi's machines are not z/Architecture-compatible.
3452:
Each CPU has 16 32-bit access registers. When a program running in AR mode specifies register 1-15 as a base register or as a register operand containing an address, the CPU uses the associated access register during address translation.
3485:
processors. For details on which fields are dependent on specific features, consult the
Principles of Operation. Because z/Architecture expands the control registers from 32 bits to 64, the bit numbering differs from that in ESA/390.
5601:(Asynchronous Data Mover Facility), which was introduced in 1992, goes beyond the capabilities of the MVPG (Move Page) instruction, which is limited to a single page, and can move groups of pages between Central and Expanded Storage.
6405:
5668:
The ESA asynchronous-pageout, asynchronous-data-mover, program-call-fast, and ESA/390 vector facilities are not present in z/Architecture. The z/Architecture vector feature has been replaced by a very different vector
3477:
The 16 64-bit control registers provide controls over and the status of a CPU, except for information included in the PSW. They are an evolutionary enhancement to the control registers on the earlier
5449:. This kind of memory is termed "Central Storage". IBM Mainframe processors through much of the 1980s and 1990s supported another kind of memory: Expanded Storage. It was first introduced with the
6379:"things are done immediately, and there is no chance of the instruction being half-completed or of another being interspersed. Used especially to convey that an operation cannot be interrupted."
6356:
6613:
5430:. Unlike an address space, a dataspace or hiperspace contains only user data; it does not contain system control blocks or common areas. Program code cannot run in a dataspace or a hiperspace.
5205:, a/Architecture has an extended addressing mode with 64-bit virtual addresses. The addressing mode is controlled by the EA (bit 31) and BA (bit 32) bits in the PSW. The valid combinations are
4964:
operate on all 64 bits; some instructions added by the
Extended-Immediate Facility operate on any halfword or word in the register; most other instructions do not change or use bits 0-31.
4981:
The PSW holds the instruction address and other fields reflecting the status of the program currently running on a CPU. The status of the program is also affected by the contents of the
5393:
on other modern processors.) By default, the z/Architecture memory space is indexed by 64-bit pointers, allowing up to 16 exabytes of memory to be visible to an executing program.
6078:
4623:
register 0, is one. Also, while individual bits of the DXC usually have significance, programs should normally treat it as an 8-bit integer rather than querying individual bits.
5797:
5586:
The need to move more than 256 bytes within main memory had historically been addressed with software (MVC loops), MVCL, which was introduced with the 1970 announcement of the
6395:
5509:
Virtual I/O (VIO) to
Expanded Storage which stored temporary data sets in simulated devices in Expanded Storage. (This function has been replaced by VIO in Central Storage.)
3465:}} contains the address of the last instruction the broke the sequential execution of instructions; an interrupt stores the BEAR in the doubleword at real address 272 (110
6558:
4997:|pp=2-5–2-6 bits 0-63 of VR0-15 are also FPR0-15. A vector register may contain 16 8-bit fields, 8 16-bit fields, 4 32-bit fields, 2 64-bit fields or 1 128-bit field.
5301:
that support z/Architecture. Older versions of z/OS, z/VSE, and z/VM continued to support 32-bit systems; z/OS version 1.6 and later, z/VSE Version 4 and later, and
5579:
ong) instruction, both of which can move more than 256 bytes within main memory using a single instruction. These instructions do not comply with definitions for
7668:
5900:
5349:
for reasons of efficiency and compatibility rather than because of architectural limits. Linux on IBM Z allows code to execute within 64-bit address ranges.
5884:
6349:
5612:
that avoids "direct, low-level use of ADMF", can be used to read or write data to or from a hiperspace. Hiperspaces are created using DSPSERV CREATE.
6518:
6479:
6456:
6308:
6021:
5129:
The address as seen by application programs. It is an offset into an address space and is subject to address translation via page and segment tables.
6640:
8581:
7779:
6962:
5770:
5071:
Although z/Architecture allows real and virtual addresses from 0 to 2-1, engineering constraints limit current and planned models to far less.
7481:
5849:
5811:
6759:
6461: Process using virtual addressing in a non-privileged instruction to control the copying of a page of data in or between multiple media
6431:
5996:
7638:
7204:
7021:
5964:
6150:
5916:
7992:
5409:
techniques, using additional address spaces or data-only spaces. The data-only spaces that are available for user programs are called:
5135:
The address after address translation, or the address seen by an OS component running with translation off. It is subject to prefixing.
6580:
5787:
151:
Access 16Ă— 32, breaking-event-address register (BEAR) 64-bit, Control 16Ă—64, Floating Point
Control 32-bit, Prefix 64 bit, PSW 128-bit
6984:
6065:
5632:
6219:
6109:
5868:
5631:-based servers which were compatible with z/Architecture. IBM bought PSI in July 2008, and the PSI systems are no longer available.
484:
z/Architecture includes almost all of the features of ESA/390, and adds some new features. Among the features of z/Architecture are
7633:
6267:"Effective utilization of IBM 3090 large virtual storage in the numerically intensive computations of ab initio molecular orbitals"
6043:
5830:
336:
7705:
6242:
5460:
The overhead of moving single and groups of pages between
Central and Expanded Storage was reduced with the introduction of the
5381:
implementation supports multiple 2 GB address spaces, permitting more than 2 GB of concurrently resident program code.
8586:
8576:
7987:
7458:
6548:
5636:
5389:
Data-only spaces are memory regions that can be read from and written to, but not used as executable code. (Similar to the
8402:
7526:
6789:
6633:
5980:
5948:
5540:
as "moves a single page and the central processor cannot execute any other instructions until the page move is completed."
8412:
7553:
5433:
A dataspace differs from a hiperspace in that dataspaces are byte-addressable, whereas hiperspaces are page-addressable.
5202:
6327:
6680:
6192:
5932:
5502:
Expanded
Storage is required for the Hiperbatch function (which uses the MVPG instruction to access its hiperspaces).
5426:
These spaces are similar in that both are areas of virtual storage that a program can create, and can be up to 2
5245:
All storage references use the translation tables designated by the access register associated with the base register.
8571:
7720:
7548:
7521:
6900:
5609:
5505:
In addition to the hiperspace and paging cases mentioned above there are other uses of expanded storage, including:
5322:
On July 7, 2009, IBM on occasion of announcing a new version of one of its operating systems implicitly stated that
8535:
8098:
6991:
6957:
6952:
6871:
6836:
371:
1181:
1165:
8510:
8407:
7808:
7715:
7516:
6737:
6626:
5330:) exists, and is implemented on the System z10 and subsequent machines. The ALS 4 is also specified in LOADxx as
5294:
7536:
7255:
6690:
6144:
7710:
7558:
7531:
7392:
7006:
6967:
6824:
5345:, generally restrict code execution to the first 2 GB (31 address bits, or 2 addressable bytes) of each
6510:
6471:
8147:
7909:
7385:
7346:
7001:
6996:
6930:
6742:
5583:, although they can be used as a single instruction within documented timing and non-overlap restrictions.
375:
329:
5487:
Local Shared Resources (LSR) buffer pool management to access buffers in a hiperspace in Expanded Storage.
7774:
7471:
7169:
6866:
6018:
285:
6180:
Computer Associates International is now providing data space technology to VSE/ESA or System/370 users.
8424:
8071:
7488:
6979:
6947:
6717:
6705:
6685:
3469:). After an Execute of a branch, the BEAR contains the address of the execute, not that of the branch.
6452:
6304:
8591:
8515:
8478:
8468:
6856:
5374:
5228:, controlled by bit 5, the DAT-mode bit, and bits 16-17, the Address-Space Control (AS) bits, of the
5098:
573:
465:
111:
5767:
8530:
7937:
7873:
7850:
7700:
7662:
7498:
7448:
7443:
6920:
6814:
6722:
226:
156:
5926:
8483:
8266:
8160:
8124:
8041:
8025:
7867:
7656:
7615:
7603:
7466:
7380:
7301:
7066:
6727:
6670:
5580:
4953:
322:
6427:
407:
403:
8289:
8261:
8171:
8136:
7885:
7879:
7861:
7595:
7589:
7493:
7397:
7288:
7227:
7089:
6732:
6608:
5942:
5616:
5290:
430:
264:
5188:
A base register, an index register, and a 20-bit displacement; colloquially known as "Yonder".
383:
8463:
8372:
8118:
7830:
7648:
7407:
7375:
7333:
7245:
7046:
6861:
6851:
6841:
6831:
6801:
6784:
6649:
6134:
6006:
5990:
5974:
5958:
5910:
5878:
5862:
5406:
5346:
5298:
4994:
3462:
76:
5894:
5843:
5824:
8493:
8429:
8015:
7737:
7627:
7574:
7106:
6819:
6675:
6657:
6584:
8:
8540:
8525:
8345:
8196:
8178:
8142:
8130:
7784:
7731:
7508:
7424:
7306:
7161:
7056:
6915:
6207:
6102:
4973:
address are equal to bits 0-50 of the prefix register then they are replaced with zeros.
206:
6039:
8397:
8389:
8241:
8216:
8020:
7895:
7419:
7360:
7240:
6972:
6700:
5494:
to access hiperpools. Hiperpools are portions of a buffer pool located in a hiperspace.
5442:
379:
144:
6232:
HIGH PERFORMANCE SPACE or "High Performance Dataspace" (author Anuj Dhawan, same date)
5708:
References to the first page in ESA mode, but that is not available on current models.
5141:
The address after prefixing references to the first two pages via the prefix register.
549:
For information on when each feature was introduced, consult Principles of operation.
527:
1 128-bit processor status register (PSW), which includes a 64-bit instruction address
8350:
8317:
8233:
8165:
8066:
8056:
8046:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7890:
7819:
7725:
7685:
7318:
7268:
7218:
7194:
7076:
7016:
7011:
6893:
6809:
6286:
6140:
5640:
5605:
5523:
6.4 fulfills Statement of Direction to drop support for all use of Expanded Storage.
5519:
removed the support for Expanded Storage. All memory in z/OS is now Central Storage.
5021:
489:
295:
5734:
5074:
Expanded storage is address in 4 KiB blocks, with block numbers ranging fom 0 to 2.
4944:
Each CPU had 16 64-bit floating point registers; FP0-15 occupy bits 0-63 of VR0-15.
8520:
8453:
8439:
8294:
8201:
8155:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7932:
7802:
7769:
7680:
7675:
7584:
7436:
7431:
7414:
7402:
7341:
6905:
6883:
6769:
6747:
6665:
6278:
6211:
5338:
5267:
368:
19:
This article is about z/Architecture mode. For z/Architecture in ESA/390 mode, see
8434:
8419:
8367:
8271:
8246:
8083:
8076:
7927:
7922:
7917:
7856:
7764:
7754:
7476:
7311:
7263:
7026:
6910:
6878:
6779:
6774:
6695:
6025:
5774:
5446:
5251:
All storage references use the translation tables for the secondary address space
399:
395:
211:
116:
98:
5471:
The MVPG instruction and ADMF are explicitly invoked—generally by middleware in
16:
IBM's 64-bit instruction set architecture implemented by its mainframe computers
8545:
8379:
8362:
8355:
8251:
8108:
7845:
7759:
7690:
7273:
7235:
7179:
7174:
6888:
6712:
6266:
6215:
5788:"Accommodate functions for the z13 server to be discontinued on future servers"
5717:
AREAD - transfer data from a hiperspace to the program's primary address space.
5587:
5378:
5358:
5312:
5239:
All storage references use the translation tables for the primary address space
4957:
513:
391:
386:, in late 2000. Later z/Architecture systems include the IBM z800, z990, z890,
290:
259:
244:
221:
216:
166:
8565:
8340:
8256:
7296:
7278:
7071:
6764:
6323:
6290:
254:
191:
7199:
6037:
ALS 1 was 9672 G2; ALS 2 was 9672 G5; ALS 3 was the original z/Architecture:
5257:
All storage references use the translation tables for the home address space
8550:
8488:
8304:
8281:
8093:
7814:
6752:
5648:
542:
521:
32 128-bit vector registers (VRs); bits 0-63 of VR0-VR15 contain FPR0-FPR15
5678:
For a complete list see Chapter 1. Introduction in Principle of Operation.
536:
8335:
8299:
8010:
7982:
7840:
7695:
6618:
5590:, and MVPG, patented and announced by IBM in 1989, each have advantages.
249:
6282:
5086:
561:
453:
8221:
8211:
8206:
8188:
8088:
8061:
7323:
7156:
7126:
6846:
438:
124:
8312:
8309:
8051:
7121:
7099:
6162:
VM Data Spaces architecture is standard on all System/390 processors.
6028:, IBM United States Software Announcement 209-207, dated July 7, 2009
5479:(and ACP?)—to access data in expanded storage. Some uses are namely:
3482:
423:
419:
415:
411:
387:
6019:
Preview: IBM z/VM V6.1 - Foundation for future virtualization growth
8327:
7146:
6208:"What is hiperspace? Which was the first OS to support hiperspace?"
5450:
5427:
5198:
238:
234:
230:
6538:
z/OS MVS Programming: Extended Addressability Guide - SA23-1394-00
5619:, IOSADMF is used together with a "List form" and "Execute form."
5122:
There are three types of main storage addresses in z/Architecture
7136:
7094:
6499:
IBM's patent EP0549924A1 describes MVPG as "moves a single page."
5644:
5628:
5491:
5402:
5362:
3478:
504:
495:
434:
354:
305:
300:
137:
20:
3523:
Transactional-execution program-interruption filtering override
7151:
7116:
7081:
6381:
5390:
437:
and its predecessors back to the 32-bit-data/24-bit-addressing
7609:
7141:
7111:
5457:
relatively expensive instructions, by paging subsystem code.
5308:
5278:
5274:
5182:
A base register, an index register, and a 12-bit displacement
5170:
A signed 32-bit halfword offset from the current instruction.
5164:
A signed 16-bit halfword offset from the current instruction.
5017:
269:
3461:
The 64-bit BEAR{sfn|z|loc=Breaking-Event-Address Register|p=
382:. IBM introduced its first z/Architecture-based system, the
8473:
7621:
7541:
7131:
5520:
5516:
5484:
5476:
5472:
5342:
5302:
5282:
5270:
3406:
985:
176:
6609:
Preshing on Programming - Atomic vs. Non-Atomic Operations
6313: Asynchronous co-processor data mover method and means
3416:
7061:
7051:
6553:
6400:
6073:
5792:
5743:
5286:
4952:
Each CPU has 16 64-bit general registers, which serve as
3456:
1647:
Floating Point Registers (binary, double precision) 0-15
1541:
Floating Point Registers (binary, single precision) 0-15
433:
with previous 32-bit-data/31-bit-addressing architecture
364:
35:
6066:"IBM System z10 Business Class (z10 BC) Reference Guide"
4617:
488:
A channel subsystem with the architecture introduced by
6350:"GA22-7000-10, IBM System/370, Principles of Operation"
4509:
Extended save-area control (ESA/390-compatibility mode
5699:
Some instructions allow references to unaligned data.
5197:
In addition to the two addressing modes supported by
4993:
Each CPU has 32 128-bit vector registers.{{sfn|z|loc=
3567:
Measurement-counter-extraction-authorization control
3556:
Processor-activity-instrumentation-extension control
6264:
3688:
Instruction-execution-protection-enablement control
5835:
5833:
6243:"CheatSheet #54 zTidBits z/OS Extended Addressing"
5911:Prefixing in the z/Architecture Architectural Mode
5816:
5814:
5627:Platform Solutions Inc. (PSI) previously marketed
5117:
5895:Figure 4-5. Assignment of Control-Register Fields
5436:
4002:Secondary ASN-second-table-entry instance number
3359:0=defined by BA below; 1=64-bit, BA must be zero
2808:0=defined by BA below; 1=64-bit, BA must be zero
8563:
6583:(Press release). IBM. 2008-07-02. Archived from
5777:, IBM Journal of Research and Development, 2002.
512:16 64-bit control registers (CRs) introduced by
6136:Exploring IBM Eserver Zseries and S/390 Servers
5854:
5852:
5468:(Asynchronous Data Mover Facility) capability.
4035:Primary ASN-second-table-entry instance number
503:16 32-bit access registers (ARs) introduced by
6396:"$ MVCL – Move more than 256 bytes of storage"
6205:
5608:named IOSADMF, which has been described as an
5229:
5158:The address is contained in a general register
4283:Instruction-fetching-nullification-event mask
4090:Secondary Address-Space Control Element (ASCE)
3436:
524:1 32-bit floating point control (FPC) register
6634:
6265:Sakaki, M.; Samukawa, H.; Honjou, N. (1988).
5396:
5005:IBM classifies memory in z/Architecture into
3421:
330:
6132:
5768:Development and Attributes of z/Architecture
5559:e, opcode X'B254') has been compared to the
5416:(sometimes referred to as "data spaces") and
5305:Version 5 and later require z/Architecture.
4976:
3969:Guarded-storage-facility enablement control
3864:Primary Address-Space Control Element (ASCE)
1349:Floating Point Registers (hexadecimal) 0-15
911:z/Architecture Access register abbreviations
7639:Computer performance by orders of magnitude
5401:Applications that need more than a 16
5261:
4939:
4129:Secondary storage-alteration-event control
494:Branch relative instructions introduced by
6648:
6641:
6627:
6472:"MVPG faster than MVCL for aligned pages?"
5686:
5684:
5622:
337:
323:
6614:Principles of Computer Design - Atomicity
6508:
5647:mainframes running newer releases of the
5368:
5176:A base register and a 12-bit displacement
4404:Home Address-Space Control Element (ASCE)
518:16 64-bit floating-point registers (FPRs)
6103:"z/Architecture Principles of Operation"
5863:Access-Register-Specified Address Spaces
181:32Ă— 128-bit, VR0-VR15 contain FPR0-FPR15
5681:
5405:data address space can employ extended
5361:, called a 64-bit address space, is 16
3958:Dispatchable-unit-control-table origin
8582:Computer-related introductions in 2000
8564:
5736:z/Architecture Principles of Operation
4982:
4603:
4479:
4396:
4341:
4330:
4319:
4068:Primary-ASN-second-table-entry origin
3490:z/Architecture mode control registers
3457:Breaking-event-address register (BEAR)
3426:
3411:
3407:Breaking-event-address register (BEAR)
986:Breaking-event-address register (BEAR)
6622:
6222:from the original on February 2, 2017
6126:
6046:from the original on 10 December 2013
5825:Highlights of Original z/Architecture
5224:z/Architecture supports four virtual
4618:Floating point Control (FPC) register
4523:Channel-report-pending subclass mask
4198:
4165:
4082:
4071:
4060:
4049:
4027:
3994:
3950:
3856:
3504:
3441:
3417:Floating point Control (FPC) register
3401:
7610:Floating-point operations per second
6561:from the original on 2 February 2017
6549:"IOSADMF — Transfer hiperspace data"
6408:from the original on 2 February 2017
5219:
5081:
4947:
4250:Store-using-real-address-event mask
3666:Storage-protection-override control
3472:
3431:
1839:
556:
448:
250:eServer zSeries (900, 800; 990, 890)
6206:Hemanth Nandas (October 15, 2007).
6095:
5453:high-end mainframe series in 1985.
5384:
5192:
5145:
5016:Main storage is addressed in 8-bit
4988:
4578:TOD-clock-control-override control
4151:Secondary designation-type control
3914:Primary space-switch-event control
3447:
3397:Each processor has these registers
946:0=use dispatchable-unit access list
700:Two's complement value (continued)
13:
6602:
5977:, Breaking-Event-Address Register.
5881:, Breaking-Event-Address Register.
5341:for the z/Architecture, including
5311:also supports z/Architecture with
5024:), with larger aligned groupings:
4967:
4261:Zero-address-detection-event mask
4239:Storage-key-alteration-event mask
4096:Secondary real-space token origin
3655:Fetch-protection-override control
959:access-list-entry sequence number
530:An 8-KiB prefix storage area (PSA)
14:
8603:
6581:"IBM Acquires Platform Solutions"
6133:Hoskins, Jim; Frank, Bob (2002).
6009:, Figure 3-15. Translation Modes.
4316:Storage-alteration-space control
4107:Secondary subspace-group control
3936:Primary designation-type control
3903:Primary storage-alteration-event
592:
509:16 64-bit general registers (GRs)
500:Trimodal (24/31/64-bit) addresses
8536:Semiconductor device fabrication
6178:. October 21, 1991. p. 15.
5543:The MVPG mainframe instruction (
5526:
5464:(Move Page) instruction and the
5085:
4443:Home space-switch-event control
4217:Instruction-fetching-event mask
4206:Successful-branching-event mask
4118:Secondary private-space control
3870:Primary real-space token origin
3831:Measurement-alert subclass mask
3743:Malfunction-alert subclass mask
3732:Malfunction-alert subclass mask
3677:Enhanced-DAT-enablement control
3512:Transactional-execution control
2502:Instruction Address (Continued)
1180:See Principles of Operation or
948:1=use primary-space access list
560:
452:
372:complex instruction set computer
265:zEnterprise System (z196, zEC12)
8511:History of general-purpose CPUs
6738:Nondeterministic Turing machine
6573:
6541:
6532:
6521:from the original on 2011-01-22
6509:Celestini, Art (Aug 20, 1997).
6502:
6493:
6482:from the original on 2011-01-22
6464:
6445:
6434:from the original on 2017-04-27
6420:
6388:
6373:
6362:from the original on 2021-04-11
6341:
6330:from the original on 2013-10-06
6316:
6297:
6258:
6235:
6199:
6185:
6167:
6153:from the original on 2021-04-27
6115:from the original on 2020-11-30
6084:from the original on 2011-03-04
6058:
6031:
6012:
5800:from the original on 2017-09-15
5711:
5702:
5693:
5643:also implement z/Architecture.
5490:Both MVPG and ADMF are used by
5373:The z/OS implementation of the
5295:Transaction Processing Facility
5118:Types of main storage addresses
4432:Home storage-alteration-eventl
4079:I/O-interruption subclass mask
3991:Transaction diagnostic control
3881:Primary subspace-group control
3776:Clock-comparator subclass mask
3754:Emergency-signal subclass mask
3622:Low-address-protection control
352:, initially and briefly called
6691:Deterministic finite automaton
5780:
5761:
5690:Except for general register 0.
5672:
5662:
5437:IBM mainframe expanded storage
4556:External-damage subclass mask
4465:Home designation-type control
4305:PER-event-suppression control
4228:Storage-alteration-event mask
4094:Secondary segment-table origin
3892:Primary private-space control
3545:Cryptography counter controll
3534:Clock-comparator sign control
71:ARCHLVL 2 and ARCHLVL 3 (2008)
1:
8587:IBM System/360 mainframe line
8577:Instruction set architectures
7482:Simultaneous and heterogenous
6139:. Maximum Press. p. 26.
6002:
5986:
5970:
5954:
5938:
5922:
5906:
5890:
5874:
5858:
5839:
5820:
5733:
5724:
5077:
4960:. Instructions designated as
4454:Secondary real-space control
4410:Home real-space token origin
4184:Extended authorization index
4140:Secondary real-space control
4092:Secondary region-table origin
3980:Transaction diagnostic scope
3798:Service-signal subclass mask
3633:Extraction-authority control
999:See Principles of Operation
539:instructions added by ESA/390
8166:Integrated memory controller
8148:Translation lookaside buffer
7347:Memory dependence prediction
6790:Random-access stored program
6743:Probabilistic Turing machine
4739:IEEE-invalid-operation flag
4655:IEEE-invalid-operation mask
4611:Linkage-stack-entry address
3868:Primary segment-table origin
3820:Interrupt-key subclass mask
3765:External-call subclass mask
3578:Warning-track subclass mask
594:IBM z/Architecture registers
552:
376:instruction set architecture
7:
7622:Synaptic updates per second
5844:Additions to z/Architecture
4669:IEEE-division-by-zero mask
4421:Home private-space control
4272:Transaction-end event mask
3925:Primary real-space control
3866:Primary region-table origin
3842:Timing-alert subclass mask
543:IEEE Decimal-floating point
444:
55:; 24 years ago
10:
8608:
8026:Heterogeneous architecture
6948:Orthogonal instruction set
6718:Alternating Turing machine
6706:Quantum cellular automaton
6528:– via Google Groups.
6324:"HLASM - MVPG = MoVe PaGe"
6193:"Analyzing data in memory"
6040:"IBM CMOS Processor Table"
5927:Program-Status-Word Format
5397:Dataspaces and hiperspaces
5377:is an exception. The z/OS
4545:Degradation subclass mask
3721:Vector enablement control
3131:
3053:
2855:
2580:
2501:
2415:
2328:
2131:
2035:
2029:
1845:
1753:
1746:
1664:
1661:
1651:
1558:
1545:
1455:
1448:
1366:
1353:
1263:
1179:
1172:
1079:
998:
991:
907:
823:
789:
699:
692:
613:
606:
537:IEEE Binary-floating-point
270:IBM Z (z13, z14, z15, z16)
18:
8516:Microprocessor chronology
8503:
8479:Dynamic frequency scaling
8452:
8388:
8326:
8280:
8232:
8187:
8107:
8034:
8003:
7908:
7829:
7793:
7747:
7647:
7634:Cache performance metrics
7573:
7507:
7457:
7368:
7359:
7332:
7287:
7254:
7226:
7217:
7037:
6940:
6929:
6800:
6656:
6174:"CA Defends VSE Policy".
5465:
5461:
5422:(High performance space).
5375:Java programming language
5000:
4977:Program status word (PSW)
4408:Home segment-table origin
3699:ASN-and-LX-reuse control
3437:Program status word (PSW)
2911:
2908:
2905:
2890:
2851:z/Architecture short PSW
2187:
2184:
2181:
2166:
1555:
1363:
970:access-list-entry number
820:
175:
165:
155:
150:
143:
133:
123:
110:
97:
85:
75:
67:
49:
41:
31:
8572:IBM mainframe technology
8531:Hardware security module
7874:Digital signal processor
7851:Graphics processing unit
7663:Graphics processing unit
5746:. May 2022. SA22-7832-13
5655:
5324:Architecture Level Set 4
5262:Operating system support
4940:Floating point registers
4589:ASN-translation control
4406:Home region-table origin
3787:CPU-timer subclass mask
3644:Secondary-space control
3589:TRACE TOD-clock control
3422:Floating point registers
3357:Extended Addressing mode
2806:Extended Addressing mode
8484:Dynamic voltage scaling
8267:Memory address register
8161:Branch target predictor
8125:Address generation unit
7868:Physics processing unit
7657:Central processing unit
7616:Transactions per second
7604:Instructions per second
7527:Array processing (SIMT)
6671:Stored-program computer
5742:(Fourteenth ed.).
5623:Non-IBM implementations
5593:
5531:
5352:
4907:Quantum-exception mask
4837:IEEE-invalid-operation
4809:Quantum-exception flag
4725:Quantum-exception mask
4600:ASN-first-table origin
4534:Recovery subclass mask
4393:Explicit-trace control
4294:Branch-address control
4173:Enhanced-monitor masks
4162:Secondary table length
3611:TOD-clock-sync control
3323:HFP Exponent underflow
3263:10=Secondary-space mode
3261:01=Access-register mode
3135:Short PSW abbreviations
2772:HFP Exponent underflow
2712:10=Secondary-space mode
2710:01=Access-register mode
2662:Must be zero for LPSWE
2126:z/Architecture long PSW
614:Two's complement value
602:General Registers 0-15
429:z/Architecture retains
8290:Hardwired control unit
8172:Memory management unit
8137:Memory management unit
7886:Secure cryptoprocessor
7880:Tensor Processing Unit
7862:Vision processing unit
7596:Cycles per instruction
7590:Instructions per cycle
7537:Associative processing
7228:Instruction pipelining
6650:Processor technologies
5957:, pp. 6-15–6-16,
5909:, pp. 3-22–3-23,
5369:Code (or mixed) spaces
4851:IEEE-division-by-zero
4753:IEEE-division-by-zero
4567:Warning subclass mask
2584:Long PSW abbreviations
785:Access Registers 0-15
533:Cryptographic Facility
431:backward compatibility
105:(2, 4 or 6 bytes long)
8373:Sum-addressed decoder
8119:Arithmetic logic unit
7246:Classic RISC pipeline
7200:Epiphany architecture
7047:Motorola 68000 series
6404:. 20 September 2014.
5893:, pp. 4-9–4-11,
5842:, pp. 1-7–1-31,
5347:virtual address space
4956:, base registers and
4349:Branch-trace control
4327:PER starting address
3947:Primary table length
3710:AFP-register control
3370:Basic Addressing mode
3307:Fixed-point overflow
3259:00=primary-space mode
3257:Address-Space Control
3213:Must be one for LPSW
2819:Basic Addressing mode
2756:Fixed-point overflow
2708:00=primary-space mode
2706:Address-Space Control
1754:Mantissa (continued)
1456:Mantissa (continued)
378:, implemented by its
8494:Performance per watt
8072:replacement policies
7738:Package on a package
7628:Performance per watt
7532:Pipelined processing
7302:Tomasulo's algorithm
7107:Clipper architecture
6963:Application-specific
6676:Finite-state machine
6382:"Atomic from FOLDOC"
6042:. 18 November 2008.
5993:, Control Registers.
5925:, pp. 4-5–4-8,
5823:, pp. 1-2–1-7,
5512:VM Minidisk Caching.
5497:VM Minidisk Caching.
5248:Secondary-space mode
5242:Access-register mode
5215:11 64-bit addressing
5212:01 31-bit addressing
5209:00 24-bit addressing
4879:IEEE-underflow mask
4823:Data-exception code
4781:IEEE-underflow flag
4697:IEEE-underflow mask
4371:Trace-entry address
4046:Authorization index
3383:Instruction Address
3054:Instruction Address
2832:Instruction Address
2416:Instruction Address
119:, indexing, counting
8526:Digital electronics
8179:Instruction decoder
8131:Floating-point unit
7785:Soft microprocessor
7732:System in a package
7307:Reservation station
6837:Transport-triggered
6557:. 7 February 2015.
6283:10.1147/sj.274.0528
6271:IBM Systems Journal
4767:IEEE-overflow flag
4683:IEEE-overflow mask
4628:
4360:Mode-trace control
4338:PER ending address
3491:
3292:
3265:11=Home-space mode
3224:Machine-check mask
3137:
2852:
2741:
2714:11=Home-space mode
2673:Machine-check mask
2586:
2128:
1842:
1648:
1542:
1350:
1169:
988:
913:
786:
603:
596:
380:mainframe computers
28:
8398:Integrated circuit
8242:Processor register
7896:Baseband processor
7241:Operand forwarding
6701:Cellular automaton
6347:MOVE LONG, note 8.
6024:2021-10-28 at the
5773:2013-12-12 at the
5236:Primary-space mode
5097:. You can help by
4933:BFP rounding mode
4920:DFP rounding mode
4893:IEEE-inexact mask
4795:IEEE-inexact flag
4711:IEEE-inexact mask
4626:
4476:Home table length
4382:ASN-trace control
3489:
3288:
3133:
2850:
2737:
2582:
2124:
2030:Prefix Bits 33-50
1838:
1646:
1540:
1348:
1164:
984:
909:
784:
601:
572:. You can help by
464:. You can help by
26:
8559:
8558:
8448:
8447:
8067:Instruction cache
8057:Scratchpad memory
7904:
7903:
7891:Network processor
7820:Network on a chip
7775:Ultra-low-voltage
7726:Multi-chip module
7569:
7568:
7355:
7354:
7342:Branch prediction
7319:Register renaming
7213:
7212:
7195:VISC architecture
7017:Quantum computing
7012:VISC architecture
6894:Secondary storage
6810:Microarchitecture
6770:Register machines
6216:ibmmainframes.com
5641:Hercules emulator
5606:macro instruction
5339:operating systems
5268:operating systems
5226:translation modes
5220:Translation modes
5115:
5114:
4983:Control registers
4948:General registers
4937:
4936:
4615:
4614:
3809:Initialized to 1
3473:Control registers
3427:General registers
3412:Control registers
3395:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3372:0=24 or 64; 1=31
3346:Reserved for IBM
3335:
3334:
3331:HFP Significance
3315:Decimal overflow
2840:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2821:0=24 or 64; 1=31
2795:Reserved for IBM
2784:
2783:
2780:HFP Significance
2764:Decimal overflow
2118:
2117:
1832:
1831:
1640:
1639:
1534:
1533:
1342:
1341:
1182:Control Registers
1166:Control Registers
1158:
1157:
978:
977:
974:
973:
778:
777:
590:
589:
482:
481:
347:
346:
185:
184:
106:
89:Register–Register
8599:
8592:64-bit computers
8521:Processor design
8413:Power management
8295:Instruction unit
8156:Branch predictor
8105:
8104:
7803:System on a chip
7745:
7744:
7585:Transistor count
7509:Flynn's taxonomy
7366:
7365:
7224:
7223:
7027:Addressing modes
6938:
6937:
6884:Memory hierarchy
6748:Hypercomputation
6666:Abstract machine
6643:
6636:
6629:
6620:
6619:
6596:
6595:
6593:
6592:
6577:
6571:
6570:
6568:
6566:
6545:
6539:
6536:
6530:
6529:
6527:
6526:
6517:(Mailing list).
6506:
6500:
6497:
6491:
6490:
6488:
6487:
6478:(Mailing list).
6468:
6462:
6460:
6459:
6455:
6449:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6439:
6424:
6418:
6417:
6415:
6413:
6392:
6386:
6385:
6377:
6371:
6370:
6368:
6367:
6361:
6354:
6345:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6335:
6320:
6314:
6312:
6311:
6307:
6301:
6295:
6294:
6262:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6252:
6247:
6239:
6233:
6231:
6229:
6227:
6203:
6197:
6196:
6189:
6183:
6182:
6171:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6158:
6130:
6124:
6123:
6121:
6120:
6114:
6107:
6099:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6089:
6083:
6070:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6035:
6029:
6016:
6010:
6000:
5994:
5984:
5978:
5968:
5962:
5959:Access Registers
5952:
5946:
5943:Short PSW Format
5936:
5930:
5920:
5914:
5904:
5898:
5888:
5882:
5872:
5866:
5861:, p. 5-50,
5856:
5847:
5837:
5828:
5818:
5809:
5808:
5806:
5805:
5796:. 25 June 2015.
5784:
5778:
5765:
5755:
5753:
5751:
5741:
5718:
5715:
5709:
5706:
5700:
5697:
5691:
5688:
5679:
5676:
5670:
5666:
5483:MVPG is used by
5447:byte-addressable
5445:memory has been
5385:Data-only spaces
5285:are versions of
5193:Addressing modes
5146:Address encoding
5138:Absolute address
5110:
5107:
5089:
5082:
5011:Expanded Storage
4995:Vector Registers
4989:Vector registers
4629:
4625:
3600:SSM-suppression
3492:
3488:
3448:Access registers
3442:Vector registers
3402:Access registers
3293:
3291:
3287:
3138:
3136:
3132:
2853:
2849:
2742:
2740:
2736:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2129:
2123:
1843:
1837:
1662:Biased exponent
1649:
1645:
1556:Biased exponent
1543:
1539:
1364:Biased exponent
1351:
1347:
1170:
1163:
989:
983:
914:
912:
908:
787:
783:
604:
600:
597:
591:
585:
582:
564:
557:
477:
474:
456:
449:
357:Modal Extensions
339:
332:
325:
187:
186:
104:
63:
61:
56:
29:
25:
8607:
8606:
8602:
8601:
8600:
8598:
8597:
8596:
8562:
8561:
8560:
8555:
8541:Tick–tock model
8499:
8455:
8444:
8384:
8368:Address decoder
8322:
8276:
8272:Program counter
8247:Status register
8228:
8183:
8143:Load–store unit
8110:
8103:
8030:
7999:
7900:
7857:Image processor
7832:
7825:
7795:
7789:
7765:Microcontroller
7755:Embedded system
7743:
7643:
7576:
7565:
7503:
7453:
7351:
7328:
7312:Re-order buffer
7283:
7264:Data dependency
7250:
7209:
7039:
7033:
6932:
6931:Instruction set
6925:
6911:Multiprocessing
6879:Cache hierarchy
6872:Register/memory
6796:
6696:Queue automaton
6652:
6647:
6605:
6603:Further reading
6600:
6599:
6590:
6588:
6579:
6578:
6574:
6564:
6562:
6547:
6546:
6542:
6537:
6533:
6524:
6522:
6507:
6503:
6498:
6494:
6485:
6483:
6470:
6469:
6465:
6457:
6451:
6450:
6446:
6437:
6435:
6426:
6425:
6421:
6411:
6409:
6394:
6393:
6389:
6380:
6378:
6374:
6365:
6363:
6359:
6352:
6348:
6346:
6342:
6333:
6331:
6322:
6321:
6317:
6309:
6303:
6302:
6298:
6263:
6259:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6241:
6240:
6236:
6225:
6223:
6204:
6200:
6191:
6190:
6186:
6176:InformationWeek
6173:
6172:
6168:
6156:
6154:
6147:
6131:
6127:
6118:
6116:
6112:
6105:
6101:
6100:
6096:
6087:
6085:
6081:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6059:
6049:
6047:
6038:
6036:
6032:
6026:Wayback Machine
6017:
6013:
6001:
5997:
5985:
5981:
5969:
5965:
5953:
5949:
5941:, p. 4-8,
5937:
5933:
5921:
5917:
5905:
5901:
5889:
5885:
5873:
5869:
5857:
5850:
5838:
5831:
5819:
5812:
5803:
5801:
5786:
5785:
5781:
5775:Wayback Machine
5766:
5762:
5749:
5747:
5739:
5727:
5722:
5721:
5716:
5712:
5707:
5703:
5698:
5694:
5689:
5682:
5677:
5673:
5667:
5663:
5658:
5625:
5596:
5534:
5529:
5439:
5399:
5387:
5371:
5355:
5264:
5254:Home-space mode
5222:
5195:
5148:
5126:Virtual address
5120:
5111:
5105:
5102:
5095:needs expansion
5080:
5003:
4991:
4979:
4970:
4968:Prefix register
4958:index registers
4950:
4942:
4620:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4095:
4093:
4091:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3853:Crypto control
3475:
3468:
3459:
3450:
3432:Prefix register
3371:
3358:
3289:
3276:Condition Code
3264:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3134:
3050:
3042:
2941:
2918:
2913:
2887:
2882:
2856:
2820:
2807:
2738:
2725:Condition Code
2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2583:
2495:
2409:
2325:
2317:
2217:
2194:
2189:
2163:
2158:
2132:
1846:
1840:Prefix register
1747:
1652:
1546:
1449:
1354:
1173:
992:
947:
945:
910:
790:
693:
607:
586:
580:
577:
570:needs expansion
555:
478:
472:
469:
462:needs expansion
447:
400:zEnterprise 114
396:zEnterprise 196
343:
207:700/7000 series
157:General-purpose
92:
91:Register–Memory
90:
59:
57:
54:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8605:
8595:
8594:
8589:
8584:
8579:
8574:
8557:
8556:
8554:
8553:
8548:
8546:Pin grid array
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8518:
8513:
8507:
8505:
8501:
8500:
8498:
8497:
8491:
8486:
8481:
8476:
8471:
8466:
8460:
8458:
8450:
8449:
8446:
8445:
8443:
8442:
8437:
8432:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8416:
8415:
8410:
8405:
8394:
8392:
8386:
8385:
8383:
8382:
8380:Barrel shifter
8377:
8376:
8375:
8370:
8363:Binary decoder
8360:
8359:
8358:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8332:
8330:
8324:
8323:
8321:
8320:
8315:
8307:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8286:
8284:
8278:
8277:
8275:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8254:
8252:Stack register
8249:
8244:
8238:
8236:
8230:
8229:
8227:
8226:
8225:
8224:
8219:
8209:
8204:
8199:
8193:
8191:
8185:
8184:
8182:
8181:
8176:
8175:
8174:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8152:
8151:
8145:
8134:
8128:
8122:
8115:
8113:
8102:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8081:
8080:
8079:
8074:
8069:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8044:
8038:
8036:
8032:
8031:
8029:
8028:
8023:
8018:
8013:
8007:
8005:
8001:
8000:
7998:
7997:
7996:
7995:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7914:
7912:
7906:
7905:
7902:
7901:
7899:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7877:
7871:
7865:
7859:
7854:
7848:
7846:AI accelerator
7843:
7837:
7835:
7827:
7826:
7824:
7823:
7817:
7812:
7809:Multiprocessor
7806:
7799:
7797:
7791:
7790:
7788:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7762:
7760:Microprocessor
7757:
7751:
7749:
7748:By application
7742:
7741:
7735:
7729:
7723:
7718:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7693:
7691:Tile processor
7688:
7683:
7678:
7673:
7672:
7671:
7660:
7653:
7651:
7645:
7644:
7642:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7625:
7619:
7613:
7607:
7601:
7600:
7599:
7587:
7581:
7579:
7571:
7570:
7567:
7566:
7564:
7563:
7562:
7561:
7551:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7519:
7513:
7511:
7505:
7504:
7502:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7485:
7484:
7479:
7477:Hyperthreading
7469:
7463:
7461:
7459:Multithreading
7455:
7454:
7452:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7440:
7439:
7429:
7428:
7427:
7422:
7412:
7411:
7410:
7405:
7395:
7390:
7389:
7388:
7383:
7372:
7370:
7363:
7357:
7356:
7353:
7352:
7350:
7349:
7344:
7338:
7336:
7330:
7329:
7327:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7315:
7314:
7309:
7299:
7293:
7291:
7285:
7284:
7282:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7266:
7260:
7258:
7252:
7251:
7249:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7236:Pipeline stall
7232:
7230:
7221:
7215:
7214:
7211:
7210:
7208:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7189:
7188:
7187:
7185:z/Architecture
7182:
7177:
7172:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7103:
7102:
7097:
7092:
7084:
7079:
7074:
7069:
7064:
7059:
7054:
7049:
7043:
7041:
7035:
7034:
7032:
7031:
7030:
7029:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6988:
6987:
6977:
6976:
6975:
6965:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6944:
6942:
6935:
6927:
6926:
6924:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6897:
6896:
6891:
6889:Virtual memory
6881:
6876:
6875:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6828:
6827:
6817:
6812:
6806:
6804:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6756:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6713:Turing machine
6710:
6709:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6673:
6668:
6662:
6660:
6654:
6653:
6646:
6645:
6638:
6631:
6623:
6617:
6616:
6611:
6604:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6572:
6540:
6531:
6501:
6492:
6463:
6444:
6419:
6387:
6372:
6340:
6315:
6296:
6277:(4): 528–540.
6257:
6234:
6198:
6184:
6166:
6145:
6125:
6094:
6057:
6030:
6011:
5995:
5979:
5973:, p. 4-46
5963:
5947:
5931:
5915:
5899:
5883:
5867:
5848:
5829:
5810:
5779:
5759:
5758:
5757:
5756:
5731:
5726:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5710:
5701:
5692:
5680:
5671:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5624:
5621:
5595:
5592:
5536:IBM described
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5514:
5513:
5510:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5488:
5441:Traditionally
5438:
5435:
5424:
5423:
5417:
5407:addressability
5398:
5395:
5386:
5383:
5379:virtual memory
5370:
5367:
5354:
5351:
5313:Linux on IBM Z
5263:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5255:
5252:
5249:
5246:
5243:
5240:
5237:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5210:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5171:
5168:
5165:
5162:
5159:
5156:
5147:
5144:
5143:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5119:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5092:
5090:
5079:
5076:
5069:
5068:
5065:
5062:
5059:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5035:
5032:
5029:
5002:
4999:
4990:
4987:
4978:
4975:
4969:
4966:
4949:
4946:
4941:
4938:
4935:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4922:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4895:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4881:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4871:
4867:
4866:
4865:IEEE-overflow
4863:
4860:
4857:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4824:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4811:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4783:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4769:
4768:
4765:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4741:
4740:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4713:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4657:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4643:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4619:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4587:
4584:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4562:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4535:
4532:
4529:
4525:
4524:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4507:
4504:
4500:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4489:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4478:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4456:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4427:
4423:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4412:
4411:
4402:
4399:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4362:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4252:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4197:
4196:
4195:Monitor masks
4193:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4174:
4171:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4153:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4102:
4098:
4097:
4088:
4085:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4063:
4059:
4058:
4055:
4052:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4041:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4026:
4025:
4024:Secondary ASN
4022:
4019:
4015:
4014:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3993:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3960:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3879:
3876:
3872:
3871:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3811:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3756:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3668:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3620:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3514:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3474:
3471:
3466:
3458:
3455:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3297:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3247:
3246:Problem state
3244:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3191:External Mask
3189:
3186:
3182:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2695:Problem state
2693:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2640:External Mask
2638:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1820:
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1814:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
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1790:
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1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
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1757:
1755:
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1699:
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1680:
1678:
1675:
1672:
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1660:
1657:
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1642:
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1638:
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1635:
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1620:
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1600:
1598:
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1569:
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1532:
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1526:
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1500:
1498:
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1466:
1463:
1460:
1459:
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1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
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1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1344:
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1340:
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1334:
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1320:
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1300:
1298:
1296:
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1290:
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1276:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1259:
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1249:
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1245:
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1239:
1237:
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1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
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1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
997:
994:
993:
980:
979:
976:
975:
972:
971:
968:
965:
961:
960:
957:
954:
950:
949:
942:
939:
935:
934:
931:
929:
925:
924:
921:
918:
905:
904:
902:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
883:
881:
879:
877:
875:
873:
871:
868:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
850:
847:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
831:
828:
827:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
791:
780:
779:
776:
775:
773:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
707:
704:
703:
701:
698:
695:
694:
690:
689:
687:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
632:
630:
628:
626:
624:
621:
618:
617:
615:
612:
609:
608:
588:
587:
567:
565:
554:
551:
547:
546:
540:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
510:
507:
501:
498:
492:
480:
479:
459:
457:
446:
443:
350:z/Architecture
345:
344:
342:
341:
334:
327:
319:
316:
315:
314:
313:
311:z/Architecture
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
280:
279:
275:
274:
273:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
224:
219:
214:
209:
201:
200:
196:
195:
194:, 1952–present
192:IBM mainframes
183:
182:
179:
173:
172:
169:
167:Floating point
163:
162:
159:
153:
152:
148:
147:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
127:
121:
120:
117:Condition code
114:
108:
107:
101:
95:
94:
87:
83:
82:
79:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
51:
47:
46:
43:
39:
38:
33:
27:z/Architecture
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8604:
8593:
8590:
8588:
8585:
8583:
8580:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8569:
8567:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8512:
8509:
8508:
8506:
8502:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8485:
8482:
8480:
8477:
8475:
8472:
8470:
8467:
8465:
8462:
8461:
8459:
8457:
8451:
8441:
8438:
8436:
8433:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8400:
8399:
8396:
8395:
8393:
8391:
8387:
8381:
8378:
8374:
8371:
8369:
8366:
8365:
8364:
8361:
8357:
8354:
8353:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8341:Demultiplexer
8339:
8337:
8334:
8333:
8331:
8329:
8325:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8298:
8296:
8293:
8291:
8288:
8287:
8285:
8283:
8279:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8263:
8262:Memory buffer
8260:
8258:
8257:Register file
8255:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8235:
8231:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8214:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8197:Combinational
8195:
8194:
8192:
8190:
8186:
8180:
8177:
8173:
8170:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8149:
8146:
8144:
8141:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8132:
8129:
8126:
8123:
8120:
8117:
8116:
8114:
8112:
8106:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8049:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8039:
8037:
8033:
8027:
8024:
8022:
8019:
8017:
8014:
8012:
8009:
8008:
8006:
8002:
7994:
7991:
7990:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7964:
7961:
7959:
7956:
7954:
7951:
7949:
7946:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7919:
7916:
7915:
7913:
7911:
7907:
7897:
7894:
7892:
7889:
7887:
7884:
7881:
7878:
7875:
7872:
7869:
7866:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7852:
7849:
7847:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7838:
7836:
7834:
7828:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7810:
7807:
7804:
7801:
7800:
7798:
7792:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7752:
7750:
7746:
7739:
7736:
7733:
7730:
7727:
7724:
7722:
7719:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7702:
7699:
7697:
7694:
7692:
7689:
7687:
7684:
7682:
7679:
7677:
7674:
7670:
7667:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7658:
7655:
7654:
7652:
7650:
7646:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7629:
7626:
7623:
7620:
7617:
7614:
7611:
7608:
7605:
7602:
7597:
7594:
7593:
7591:
7588:
7586:
7583:
7582:
7580:
7578:
7572:
7560:
7557:
7556:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7524:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7514:
7512:
7510:
7506:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7474:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7460:
7456:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7438:
7435:
7434:
7433:
7430:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7417:
7416:
7413:
7409:
7406:
7404:
7401:
7400:
7399:
7396:
7394:
7391:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7378:
7377:
7374:
7373:
7371:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7358:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7339:
7337:
7335:
7331:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7304:
7303:
7300:
7298:
7297:Scoreboarding
7295:
7294:
7292:
7290:
7286:
7280:
7279:False sharing
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7261:
7259:
7257:
7253:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7229:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7216:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7190:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7167:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7087:
7085:
7083:
7080:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7072:Stanford MIPS
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7044:
7042:
7036:
7028:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6986:
6983:
6982:
6981:
6978:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6945:
6943:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6933:architectures
6928:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6901:Heterogeneous
6899:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6886:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6854:
6853:
6852:Memory access
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6826:
6823:
6822:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6807:
6805:
6803:
6799:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6785:Random-access
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6772:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6765:Stack machine
6763:
6761:
6758:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6714:
6711:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6681:with datapath
6679:
6678:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6659:
6655:
6651:
6644:
6639:
6637:
6632:
6630:
6625:
6624:
6621:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6587:on 2008-09-05
6586:
6582:
6576:
6560:
6556:
6555:
6550:
6544:
6535:
6520:
6516:
6512:
6505:
6496:
6481:
6477:
6473:
6467:
6454:
6448:
6433:
6429:
6423:
6407:
6403:
6402:
6397:
6391:
6383:
6376:
6358:
6351:
6344:
6329:
6325:
6319:
6306:
6300:
6292:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6272:
6268:
6261:
6244:
6238:
6221:
6217:
6213:
6209:
6202:
6194:
6188:
6181:
6177:
6170:
6163:
6152:
6148:
6142:
6138:
6137:
6129:
6111:
6104:
6098:
6080:
6076:
6075:
6067:
6061:
6045:
6041:
6034:
6027:
6023:
6020:
6015:
6008:
6004:
5999:
5992:
5988:
5983:
5976:
5972:
5967:
5960:
5956:
5951:
5944:
5940:
5935:
5928:
5924:
5919:
5912:
5908:
5903:
5896:
5892:
5887:
5880:
5876:
5871:
5864:
5860:
5855:
5853:
5845:
5841:
5836:
5834:
5826:
5822:
5817:
5815:
5799:
5795:
5794:
5789:
5783:
5776:
5772:
5769:
5764:
5760:
5745:
5738:
5737:
5732:
5729:
5728:
5714:
5705:
5696:
5687:
5685:
5675:
5665:
5661:
5653:
5650:
5646:
5642:
5638:
5634:
5630:
5620:
5618:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5602:
5600:
5591:
5589:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5541:
5539:
5527:MVPG and ADMF
5524:
5522:
5518:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5503:
5496:
5493:
5489:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5474:
5469:
5467:
5463:
5458:
5454:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5443:IBM Mainframe
5434:
5431:
5429:
5421:
5418:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5410:
5408:
5404:
5394:
5392:
5382:
5380:
5376:
5366:
5364:
5360:
5359:address space
5350:
5348:
5344:
5340:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5320:
5316:
5314:
5310:
5306:
5304:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5269:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5227:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5200:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5167:Relative long
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5140:
5137:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5109:
5100:
5096:
5093:This section
5091:
5088:
5084:
5083:
5075:
5072:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5051:
5048:
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5039:
5036:
5033:
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5027:
5026:
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5023:
5019:
5014:
5012:
5008:
4998:
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4986:
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4974:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4945:
4932:
4929:
4926:
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4923:
4919:
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4906:
4903:
4900:
4897:
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4886:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4875:
4872:
4869:
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4864:
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4858:
4855:
4854:
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4827:
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4812:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4770:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4665:
4662:
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4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4640:
4637:
4634:
4631:
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4624:
4610:
4607:
4604:
4599:
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4593:
4592:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4574:
4571:
4570:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4555:
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4538:
4537:
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4501:
4497:
4494:
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4431:
4428:
4425:
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4403:
4400:
4397:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4359:
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4353:
4352:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4260:
4257:
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4249:
4246:
4243:
4242:
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4232:
4231:
4227:
4224:
4221:
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4210:
4209:
4205:
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4199:
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4183:
4180:
4177:
4176:
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4150:
4147:
4144:
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4139:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4125:
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4117:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4103:
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4099:
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4078:
4075:
4072:
4067:
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4056:
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4045:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4013:PSW-key mask
4012:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3990:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3954:
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3863:
3860:
3857:
3852:
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3827:
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3812:
3808:
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3797:
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3768:
3764:
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3497:
3494:
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3443:
3440:
3438:
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3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
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3382:
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3366:
3363:
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3330:
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3319:
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3298:
3295:
3294:
3286:
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3256:
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3250:
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3242:
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3228:
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3217:
3216:
3212:
3209:
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3201:
3198:
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3190:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3176:
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3168:
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3151:
3150:
3146:
3143:
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2044:
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2041:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
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1918:
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1897:
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1700:
1697:
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1507:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
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1471:
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1399:
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1378:
1375:
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1325:
1323:
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1301:
1299:
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1234:
1232:
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1198:
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1189:
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1176:
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1162:
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1154:
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1125:
1123:
1121:
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1109:
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1038:
1036:
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1024:
1022:
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1018:
1016:
1014:
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1005:
1004:
1001:
996:
995:
990:
987:
982:
981:
969:
966:
963:
962:
958:
955:
952:
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943:
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936:
932:
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927:
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915:
906:
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900:
898:
896:
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890:
888:
886:
884:
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880:
878:
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869:
866:
864:
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860:
858:
856:
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851:
848:
845:
843:
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839:
837:
835:
832:
830:
829:
826:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
794:
793:
788:
782:
781:
774:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
739:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
708:
706:
705:
702:
697:
696:
691:
688:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
622:
620:
619:
616:
611:
610:
605:
599:
598:
595:
584:
575:
571:
568:This section
566:
563:
559:
558:
550:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
515:
511:
508:
506:
502:
499:
497:
493:
491:
487:
486:
485:
476:
467:
463:
460:This section
458:
455:
451:
450:
442:
440:
436:
432:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
370:
366:
362:
358:
356:
351:
340:
335:
333:
328:
326:
321:
320:
318:
317:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
283:
282:
281:
277:
276:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
240:
236:
232:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
204:
203:
202:
198:
197:
193:
189:
188:
180:
178:
174:
170:
168:
164:
160:
158:
154:
149:
146:
142:
139:
136:
132:
128:
126:
122:
118:
115:
113:
109:
102:
100:
96:
93:Memory–Memory
88:
84:
80:
78:
74:
70:
66:
52:
48:
44:
40:
37:
34:
30:
22:
8551:Chip carrier
8489:Clock gating
8408:Mixed-signal
8305:Write buffer
8282:Control unit
8094:Clock signal
7833:accelerators
7815:Cypress PSoC
7472:Simultaneous
7289:Out-of-order
7184:
6921:Neuromorphic
6802:Architecture
6760:Belt machine
6753:Zeno machine
6686:Hierarchical
6589:. Retrieved
6585:the original
6575:
6563:. Retrieved
6552:
6543:
6534:
6523:. Retrieved
6514:
6504:
6495:
6484:. Retrieved
6475:
6466:
6447:
6436:. Retrieved
6422:
6410:. Retrieved
6399:
6390:
6375:
6364:. Retrieved
6343:
6332:. Retrieved
6318:
6299:
6274:
6270:
6260:
6249:. Retrieved
6237:
6224:. Retrieved
6201:
6187:
6179:
6175:
6169:
6161:
6155:. Retrieved
6135:
6128:
6117:. Retrieved
6097:
6086:. Retrieved
6072:
6060:
6048:. Retrieved
6033:
6014:
5998:
5982:
5966:
5950:
5934:
5918:
5902:
5886:
5870:
5802:. Retrieved
5791:
5782:
5763:
5748:. Retrieved
5735:
5713:
5704:
5695:
5674:
5664:
5626:
5614:
5603:
5598:
5597:
5585:
5576:
5572:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5548:
5544:
5542:
5537:
5535:
5515:
5504:
5500:
5470:
5459:
5455:
5440:
5432:
5425:
5419:
5413:
5400:
5388:
5372:
5356:
5336:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5321:
5317:
5307:
5265:
5225:
5223:
5196:
5149:
5132:Real address
5121:
5103:
5099:adding to it
5094:
5073:
5070:
5015:
5010:
5007:Main Storage
5006:
5004:
4992:
4980:
4971:
4961:
4954:accumulators
4951:
4943:
4621:
4510:
4057:Primary ASN
3476:
3460:
3451:
3396:
3290:Program Mask
2739:Program Mask
2125:
1264:(continued)
1080:(continued)
593:
578:
574:adding to it
569:
548:
545:instructions
483:
470:
466:adding to it
461:
428:
360:
353:
349:
348:
310:
278:Architecture
8336:Multiplexer
8300:Data buffer
8011:Single-core
7983:bit slicing
7841:Coprocessor
7696:Coprocessor
7577:performance
7499:Cooperative
7489:Speculative
7449:Distributed
7408:Superscalar
7393:Instruction
7361:Parallelism
7334:Speculative
7166:System/3x0
7038:Instruction
6815:Von Neumann
6728:Post–Turing
6428:"Move Long"
6226:January 25,
6005:, pp.
5989:, pp.
5615:To provide
5420:hiperspaces
5297:(TPF), and
4638:Field name
4627:FPC fields
3235:Wait state
2684:Wait state
227:30XX series
212:1400 series
199:Market name
190:History of
134:Predecessor
8566:Categories
8456:management
8351:Multiplier
8212:Logic gate
8202:Sequential
8109:Functional
8089:Clock rate
8062:Data cache
8035:Components
8016:Multi-core
8004:Core count
7494:Preemptive
7398:Pipelining
7381:Bit-serial
7324:Wide-issue
7269:Structural
7191:Tilera ISA
7157:MicroBlaze
7127:ETRAX CRIS
7022:Comparison
6867:Load–store
6847:Endianness
6591:2008-09-06
6565:24 January
6525:2017-01-24
6486:2017-01-24
6453:US 5237668
6438:2017-01-24
6412:24 January
6366:2021-10-11
6334:2017-01-24
6305:US 5442802
6251:2022-07-17
6157:2017-10-19
6146:1885068913
6119:2016-01-15
6088:2012-10-18
6050:18 October
6007:3-41, 3-42
5877:, p.
5804:2017-09-18
5725:References
5617:reentrancy
5588:System/370
5414:dataspaces
5357:Each z/OS
5151:formats.
5078:Addressing
5067:4096 bytes
5046:Doubleword
5040:Four bytes
4632:Byte name
514:System/370
439:System/360
392:System z10
291:System/370
286:System/360
260:System z10
245:System/390
222:System/370
217:System/360
171:16Ă— 64-bit
161:16Ă— 64-bit
125:Endianness
50:Introduced
8390:Circuitry
8310:Microcode
8234:Registers
8077:coherence
8052:CPU cache
7910:Word size
7575:Processor
7219:Execution
7122:DEC Alpha
7100:Power ISA
6916:Cognitive
6723:Universal
6291:0018-8670
6212:Newsgroup
5669:facility.
5581:atomicity
5575:haracter
5428:gigabytes
5365:in size.
5332:ARCHLVL 3
5106:June 2024
5031:Two bytes
4498:Set to 1
4487:Set to 1
3483:IBM S/390
3180:I/O mask
3169:DAT mode
3158:PER Mask
2629:I/O mask
2618:DAT mode
2607:PER Mask
1665:Mantissa
1559:Mantissa
1367:Mantissa
581:July 2024
553:Registers
473:June 2024
388:System z9
255:System z9
145:Registers
112:Branching
103:Variable
8328:Datapath
8021:Manycore
7993:variable
7831:Hardware
7467:Temporal
7147:OpenRISC
6842:Cellular
6832:Dataflow
6825:modified
6559:Archived
6519:Archived
6515:IBM-MAIN
6480:Archived
6476:IBM-MAIN
6432:Archived
6406:Archived
6357:Archived
6328:Archived
6220:Archived
6151:Archived
6110:Archived
6079:Archived
6077:. 2008.
6044:Archived
6022:Archived
5991:4-9–4-12
5798:Archived
5771:Archived
5750:June 28,
5639:and the
5451:IBM 3090
5363:exabytes
5199:S/370-XA
5161:Relative
5061:128 bits
5058:16 bytes
5055:Quadword
5028:Halfword
3299:Meaning
3202:PSW key
3147:Meaning
2748:Meaning
2651:PSW key
2596:Meaning
933:0000000
923:Meaning
490:S/370-XA
445:Features
296:S/370-XA
99:Encoding
32:Designer
8504:Related
8435:Quantum
8425:Digital
8420:Boolean
8318:Counter
8217:Quantum
7978:512-bit
7973:256-bit
7968:128-bit
7811:(MPSoC)
7796:on chip
7794:Systems
7612:(FLOPS)
7425:Process
7274:Control
7256:Hazards
7142:Itanium
7137:Unicore
7095:PowerPC
6820:Harvard
6780:Pointer
6775:Counter
6733:Quantum
6214::
5645:Hitachi
5633:FLEX-ES
5629:Itanium
5492:IBM Db2
5403:exabyte
5052:64 bits
5049:8 bytes
5043:32 bits
5034:16 bits
3481:on the
3479:ESA/390
2912:Program
2826:64-127
2188:Program
944:Primary
505:ESA/370
496:ESA/390
435:ESA/390
374:(CISC)
306:ESA/390
301:ESA/370
138:ESA/390
68:Version
58: (
21:ESA/390
8440:Switch
8430:Analog
8168:(IMC)
8139:(MMU)
7988:others
7963:64-bit
7958:48-bit
7953:32-bit
7948:24-bit
7943:16-bit
7938:15-bit
7933:12-bit
7770:Mobile
7686:Stream
7681:Barrel
7676:Vector
7665:(GPU)
7624:(SUPS)
7592:(IPC)
7444:Memory
7437:Vector
7420:Thread
7403:Scalar
7205:Others
7152:RISC-V
7117:SuperH
7086:Power
7082:MIPS-X
7057:PDP-11
6906:Fabric
6658:Models
6511:"admf"
6458:
6310:
6289:
6195:. IBM.
6143:
5391:NX bit
5281:, and
5266:IBM's
5022:octets
5001:Memory
4962:Grandé
4927:29-31
4914:25-27
4817:16-23
4800:flags
4786:flags
4772:flags
4758:flags
4744:flags
4730:flags
4716:masks
4702:masks
4688:masks
4674:masks
4660:masks
4646:masks
4597:45-63
4511:only)
4473:62-63
4462:60-61
4192:48-63
4181:32-47
4170:16-31
4159:62-63
4148:60-61
4076:32-39
4065:33-57
4054:48-63
4043:32-47
4021:48-63
4010:32-47
3988:62-63
3955:33-57
3944:62-63
3933:60-61
3501:Field
3377:33-63
3281:20-23
3270:18-19
3251:16-17
3144:Field
2730:20-23
2719:18-19
2700:16-17
2593:Field
964:16-31
956:ALESN
920:Field
821:ALESN
369:64-bit
363:), is
177:Vector
77:Design
45:64-bit
8496:(PPW)
8454:Power
8346:Adder
8222:Array
8189:Logic
8150:(TLB)
8133:(FPU)
8127:(AGU)
8121:(ALU)
8111:units
8047:Cache
7928:8-bit
7923:4-bit
7918:1-bit
7882:(TPU)
7876:(DSP)
7870:(PPU)
7864:(VPU)
7853:(GPU)
7822:(NoC)
7805:(SoC)
7740:(PoP)
7734:(SiP)
7728:(MCM)
7669:GPGPU
7659:(CPU)
7649:Types
7630:(PPW)
7618:(TPS)
7606:(IPS)
7598:(CPI)
7369:Level
7180:S/390
7175:S/370
7170:S/360
7112:SPARC
7090:POWER
6973:TRIPS
6941:Types
6360:(PDF)
6353:(PDF)
6246:(PDF)
6113:(PDF)
6106:(PDF)
6082:(PDF)
6069:(PDF)
5740:(PDF)
5656:Notes
5337:Most
5328:ALS 4
5309:Linux
5279:z/TPF
5275:z/VSE
5018:bytes
4635:Bits
4608:0-60
4401:0-51
4368:2-61
4335:0-63
4324:0-63
4087:0-51
4032:0-31
3999:0-31
3861:0-51
3196:8-11
3141:Bits
2914:Mask
2645:8-11
2590:Bits
2190:Mask
1168:0-15
967:ALEN
953:8-15
917:Bits
824:ALEN
408:zBC12
404:zEC12
361:ESAME
8474:ACPI
8207:Glue
8099:FIFO
8042:Core
7780:ASIP
7721:CPLD
7716:FPOA
7711:FPGA
7706:ASIC
7559:SPMD
7554:MIMD
7549:MISD
7542:SWAR
7522:SIMD
7517:SISD
7432:Data
7415:Task
7386:Word
7132:M32R
7077:MIPS
7040:sets
7007:ZISC
7002:NISC
6997:OISC
6992:MISC
6985:EPIC
6980:VLIW
6968:EDGE
6958:RISC
6953:CISC
6862:HUMA
6857:NUMA
6567:2017
6414:2017
6287:ISSN
6228:2017
6141:ISBN
6052:2012
5975:4-46
5879:4-46
5752:2024
5649:VOS3
5637:zPDT
5599:ADMF
5594:ADMF
5561:MVCL
5538:MVPG
5532:MVPG
5521:z/VM
5517:z/OS
5485:VSAM
5477:z/VM
5473:z/OS
5466:ADMF
5462:MVPG
5353:z/OS
5343:z/OS
5303:z/VM
5283:z/VM
5271:z/OS
5201:and
5064:Page
5037:Word
5009:and
4930:BRM
4917:DRM
4904:y/q
4898:DXC
4884:DXC
4870:DXC
4856:DXC
4842:DXC
4828:DXC
4820:DXC
4814:DXC
4806:SFq
4792:SFx
4778:SFu
4764:SFo
4750:SFz
4736:SFi
4722:IMq
4708:IMx
4694:IMu
4680:IMo
4666:IMz
4652:IMi
4641:Use
3498:bits
3463:4-46
3296:Bit
3210:E=1
3199:Key
2891:Key
2745:Bit
2659:E=0
2648:Key
2574:127
2167:Key
2036:n/a
928:0-6
422:and
384:z900
239:3090
235:308X
231:303X
86:Type
81:CISC
60:2000
53:2000
42:Bits
8469:APM
8464:PMU
8356:CPU
8313:ROM
8084:Bus
7701:PAL
7376:Bit
7162:LMC
7067:ARM
7062:x86
7052:VAX
6554:IBM
6401:IBM
6279:doi
6074:IBM
5793:IBM
5744:IBM
5610:API
5475:or
5291:VSE
5287:MVS
5230:PSW
5203:ESA
5101:.
5013:.
4901:21
4887:20
4873:19
4859:18
4845:17
4831:16
4803:13
4789:12
4775:11
4761:10
4605:15
4594:14
4586:44
4583:14
4575:42
4572:14
4564:39
4561:14
4553:38
4550:14
4542:37
4539:14
4531:36
4528:14
4520:35
4517:14
4506:34
4503:14
4495:33
4492:14
4484:32
4481:14
4470:13
4459:13
4451:58
4448:13
4440:57
4437:13
4429:56
4426:13
4418:55
4415:13
4398:13
4390:63
4387:12
4379:62
4376:12
4365:12
4354:12
4343:12
4332:11
4321:10
4313:43
4302:41
4291:40
4280:39
4269:38
4258:37
4247:36
4236:35
4225:34
4214:33
4203:32
4137:58
4126:56
4115:55
4104:54
3977:61
3966:59
3922:58
3911:57
3900:56
3889:55
3878:54
3850:61
3839:59
3828:58
3817:57
3806:56
3795:54
3784:53
3773:52
3762:50
3751:49
3740:48
3729:48
3718:46
3707:45
3696:44
3685:43
3674:40
3663:39
3652:38
3641:37
3630:36
3619:35
3608:34
3597:33
3586:32
3575:30
3564:15
3553:14
3542:13
3531:10
3380:IA
3367:BA
3364:32
3354:EA
3351:31
3343:RI
3340:24
3328:23
3320:22
3312:21
3304:20
3284:PM
3273:CC
3254:AS
3240:15
3229:14
3218:13
3207:12
3188:EX
3177:IO
3125:63
3064:33
3061:32
3035:31
3032:30
3021:25
3018:24
3015:23
3008:20
3005:19
3002:18
2999:17
2996:16
2993:15
2990:14
2987:13
2984:12
2981:11
2909:CC
2906:AS
2829:IA
2816:BA
2813:32
2803:EA
2800:31
2792:RI
2789:24
2777:23
2769:22
2761:21
2753:20
2733:PM
2722:CC
2703:AS
2689:15
2678:14
2667:13
2656:12
2637:EX
2626:IO
2511:96
2488:95
2425:64
2402:63
2341:33
2338:32
2310:31
2307:30
2294:24
2291:23
2284:20
2281:19
2278:18
2275:17
2272:16
2269:15
2266:14
2263:13
2260:12
2257:11
2185:CC
2182:AS
2112:63
2089:52
2086:51
2083:50
2048:33
2045:32
2018:31
1826:63
1763:32
1740:31
1701:12
1698:11
1634:31
1528:63
1465:32
1442:31
1336:63
1273:32
1255:31
1152:63
1089:32
1071:31
901:31
870:16
867:15
772:63
709:32
686:31
576:.
468:.
424:z16
420:z15
416:z14
412:z13
367:'s
365:IBM
355:ESA
129:Big
36:IBM
8568::
8403:3D
6551:.
6513:.
6474:.
6430:.
6398:.
6355:.
6326:.
6285:.
6275:27
6273:.
6269:.
6218:.
6210:.
6160:.
6149:.
6108:.
6071:.
5851:^
5832:^
5813:^
5790:.
5683:^
5635:,
5604:A
5571:e
5551:e
5315:.
5299:VM
5293:,
5289:,
5277:,
5273:,
5232:.
5179:RX
5173:RS
4985:.
4890:x
4876:u
4862:o
4848:z
4834:i
4747:9
4733:8
4719:5
4705:4
4691:3
4677:2
4663:1
4649:0
4357:1
4346:0
4310:9
4299:9
4288:9
4277:9
4266:9
4255:9
4244:9
4233:9
4222:9
4211:9
4200:9
4189:8
4178:8
4167:8
4156:7
4145:7
4134:7
4123:7
4112:7
4101:7
4084:7
4073:6
4062:5
4051:4
4040:4
4029:4
4018:3
4007:3
3996:3
3985:2
3974:2
3963:2
3952:2
3941:1
3930:1
3919:1
3908:1
3897:1
3886:1
3875:1
3858:1
3847:0
3836:0
3825:0
3814:0
3803:0
3792:0
3781:0
3770:0
3759:0
3748:0
3737:0
3726:0
3715:0
3704:0
3693:0
3682:0
3671:0
3660:0
3649:0
3638:0
3627:0
3616:0
3605:0
3594:0
3583:0
3572:0
3561:0
3550:0
3539:0
3528:0
3520:9
3517:0
3509:8
3506:0
3495:CR
3467:16
3243:P
3232:W
3221:M
3185:7
3174:6
3166:T
3163:5
3155:R
3152:1
3051:A
2974:8
2971:7
2968:6
2965:5
2962:4
2957:2
2954:1
2951:0
2942:A
2937:0
2934:0
2931:0
2928:0
2925:0
2922:0
2919:I
2903:P
2900:W
2897:M
2894:1
2888:X
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