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The name “Zerah” may have been a corruption of “Usarkon” (U-Serak-on), to which it closely resembles (see Petrie, Egypt and Israel, 74), but most scholars do not identify Zerah with
Usarkon II. The publication by Naville (1891) of an inscription in which Usarkon II would claim to have invaded Lower
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tells us that the
Cushites (Ethiopians) were feared far and wide for conquests and destruction (being a powerful nation who dominated ancient kingdoms). Cushites were a very formidable people who were expert archers famous in the ancient world for surprise attacks with the bow and arrow.
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gained dominance in Upper and Lower Egypt during the 9th and 8th century. Zerah was most likely a
Cushite of Nubia located in Southern Egypt and Northern Sudan who came to power as ruler of Egypt or at the very least a Nubian commander of The Egyptian/Nubian armies.
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regard the idea that Asa could defeat an enormous
Egyptian army to be untenable. More recent scholars consider that Zerah the Cushite may have been a military commander under Osorkon I rather than a Pharaoh.
461:
Zerah the
Kushite: A New Proposal Regarding His Identity (with Peter James), in: P. James and P. van der Veen (eds.), Solomon and Shishak, BAR International Series 2732, Archaeopress, Oxford, 2015
219:. Usarkon II is known to have entered the Kingdom of Judah with a huge army in 853 BCE; however, rather than attacking Judah, the army was just passing through on its way to attack the
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suggested that Zerah was the governor of a
Cushite colony which had been established by Shishak after his campaign in Israel.
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The invasion, and its implied time-frame, means that the traditional view was to consider this Zerah to have actually been
200:. According to the text, when Zerah's army reached that of Asa at the valley of Zephathah near Mareshah, Zerah's army was
227:, which doesn't mention Asa's defeat of Zerah, Asa is described as being extremely weak from a defensive point of view (
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and Upper
Palestine suggests this Pharaoh as the victor over Asa. However, the Bible contends that Asa won the battle.
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forces. In addition, Asa's reign is traditionally dated to have ended in 873 BCE. In the
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The Bible also identifies Zerah as the name of the founder of one of the
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158:). Achan is the son of Carmi, a descendant of Zimri, the son of Zerah.
373:"Egypt and the Levant in the Third Intermediate Period (Iron IB–IIIA)"
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431: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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The Book of
Chronicles mentions a Zerah who was a Gershonite
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247:. It is unclear why either Usarkon should be described as a
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Chad Brand; Archie
England; Charles W. Draper (2003).
19:"Zarach" redirects here. For the city in Iran, see
23:. For the administrative subdivision of Iran, see
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375:. In Keimer, Kyle H.; Pierce, George A. (eds.).
450:(New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons.
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150:, who was stoned to death as recounted in the
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273:In the genealogies of the Book of Chronicles
309:. B&H Publishing Group. p. 2403.
83:chief. He was listed as the second son of
492:Set index articles on Hebrew Bible people
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416:Egypt and the Early History of the Negeb
192:). There he is said to have invaded the
146:Zerah is also listed as the ancestor of
135:). This same Zerah is mentioned in the
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379:. Taylor & Francis. p. 664.
196:with an enormous army in the days of
95:'s daughter and one of the wives of
306:Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary
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67:) refers to several people in the
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371:Pierce, Krystal V. L. (2022).
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377:The Ancient Israelite World
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447:Easton's Bible Dictionary
255:It is a possibility that
79:Zerah was the name of an
45: "sunrise"
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414:Albright, W. F. (1924).
404:Commentary on the Bible
359:Encyclopædia Britannica
215:, both being rulers of
119:, Zerah was the son of
477:Book of Genesis people
438:Easton, Matthew George
301:For the etymology see
127:, and was the twin of
111:Son of Tamar and Judah
346:Encyclopedia Biblica
190:2 Chronicles 14:9–15
184:is mentioned by the
262:William F. Albright
402:Cheyne and Black,
186:Book of Chronicles
137:genealogy of Jesus
16:Biblical character
386:978-1-000-77324-8
316:978-1-4336-6978-1
233:Biblical scholars
115:According to the
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266:Isaiah 18:2
174:The Cushite
141:Matthew 1:3
471:Categories
289:References
243:refers to
209:Usarkon II
179:Zerah the
156:Joshua 7:1
91:, who was
75:An Edomite
41: /
440:(1897). "
257:Cushites
213:Usarkon I
168:Simeonite
87:, son of
249:Cushite.
221:Assyrian
89:Basemath
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361:, "Asa"
349:(1899).
241:Cushite
231:), and
181:Cushite
170:clans.
93:Ishmael
81:Edomite
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279:Levite
35:Zérach
442:Zerah
217:Egypt
148:Achan
129:Perez
125:Judah
121:Tamar
85:Reuel
65:Zāraḥ
61:Zéraḥ
54:Záraḥ
50:Zéraḥ
43:זָרַח
39:זֶרַח
31:Zerah
381:ISBN
311:ISBN
245:Kush
123:and
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211:or
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