795:, had suggested that he take Consort Wu as a concubine, in order to divide Consort Xiao's favors, but as Emperor Gaozong's favors became exclusively concentrated on Consort Wu, she turned to ally with Consort Xiao against Consort Wu, to no avail.) In 654, after Consort Wu's infant daughter died, Emperor Gaozong began considering deposing Empress Wang and replacing her with Consort Wu. (Historians have suggested that Consort Wu murdered her own daughter in order to frame the Empress, however there is no evidence that the infant was actually murdered, and could have died from natural causes). However, Gaozong feared opposition from the high level officials. He visited Zhangsun's mansion along with Consort Wu, bestowing lavish gifts on Zhangsun and making Zhangsun's three sons mid-level officials, and used the opportunity to bring up the topic of replacing Empress Wang with Consort Wu. Zhangsun pretended not to understand and took no actions to endorse Consort Wu, and persisted in this stand despite later lobbying by both Consort Wu's mother Lady Yang and fellow chancellor
39:
760:
Fang Yi'ai and
Princess Gaoyang of treason. Emperor Gaozong ordered Zhangsun to investigate, and Zhangsun discovered that Fang Yi'ai, Princess Gaoyang, the general Xue Wanche (薛萬徹), and another brother-in-law of Emperor Gaozong's, Chai Lingwu (柴令武), had considered to support Emperor Taizong's younger brother Li Yuanjing (李元景) the Prince of Jing as emperor. Fang Yi'ai, knowing that Zhangsun had long wanted to kill Li Ke, whom he viewed as a threat to Emperor Gaozong's throne, falsely implicated Li Ke in the plot as well, hoping that Zhangsun would spare him. Zhangsun, however, used this opportunity to carry out a purge—and in spring 653, Zhangsun persuaded Emperor Gaozong to issue an edict executing Fang Yi'ai, Xue, and Chai, while ordering Li Yuanjing, Li Ke, and Princesses Gaoyang and Baling (Chai's wife) to commit suicide. Further, Zhangsun also had the chancellor
557:. Further, when Emperor Taizong interrogated Li Chengqian personally, Li Chengqian admitted guilt but blamed Li Tai's machinations for leading him to fear for his own safety and thus plot rebellion. Emperor Taizong thereafter resolved to create Li Zhi crown prince—a decision that he initially secretly informed only Zhangsun, Fang, Li Shiji, and Chu, in addition to Li Zhi himself—and he exiled both Li Chengqian and Li Tai. Subsequently, Zhangsun, along with Fang and Xiao, were made senior advisors to the new crown prince. Thereafter, however, Emperor Taizong began to doubt whether his decision was correct—believing that while Li Zhi was kind, he was also weak in personality, and unsure whether he would be fit to be emperor. He discussed with Zhangsun the possibility of making another son,
845:
repeatedly rebuked by
Zhangsun over this matter, also resented Zhangsun. Xu thereafter, when investigating a report of factionalism by the low level officials Wei Jifang (韋季方) and Li Chao (李巢), manufactured evidence that Zhangsun had plotted treason with them. Emperor Gaozong wanted to interrogate Zhangsun personally, but at Xu's suggestion—pointing out that Zhangsun had been experienced at quick reactions as demonstrated by his achievements—in summer 659, suddenly stripped Zhangsun's posts and fief, and while he officially gave Zhangsun the title of commandant at Yang Prefecture, he instead exiled Zhangsun to Qian Prefecture (黔州, modern southeastern
636:, although whether that was his real name is unknown), might attack Tang forces from the rear. Emperor Taizong agreed, and therefore put Ansi under siege again. However, the commander at Ansi was a capable defender, and the resolve of the defenders was strengthened when Li Shiji, in anger, declared that after the fall of the city all residents would be slaughtered. With the Tang forces bogged down in sieging Ansi, a number of officials suggested skipping past Ansi and attacking Ogol (
862:
in exile. Members of the
Zhangsun and Liu households, as well as those of Han's, were forced to hard labor, while several relatives of Zhangsun's were also executed.) Later in Emperor Gaozong's reign, in 674, Emperor Gaozong restored Zhangsun's titles posthumously and allowed Zhangsun's great-grandson Zhangsun Yi (長孫翼) to inherit the title of Duke of Zhao. He also had Zhangsun's casket returned to Chang'an, to be buried near Emperor Taizong's tomb.
725:(同中書門下三品). Early in Emperor Gaozong's reign, it was said that, while there were other men with chancellor designations, Zhangsun Wuji and Chu Suiliang controlled the government, but that they served faithfully and were extending the efficient governance that Emperor Taizong instituted during his "Reign of Zhen'guan." However, perhaps challenging Zhangsun's authority and/or faithfulness, the
504:), to be inherited by his heirs. Many officials opposed the plan, with the strongest opposition coming from Zhangsun, who also had his daughter-in-law, Princess Changle (Emperor Taizong's daughter) submit oppositions on his behalf as well, and Emperor Taizong cancelled the scheme, although Zhangsun's title remained Duke of Zhao. In 642, Emperor Taizong changed Zhangsun's honorific from
259:, eventually enabling Li Shimin to become the heir apparent and later the emperor. He was also instrumental in Emperor Taizong's selection of Li Zhi as the Crown Prince, and was exceedingly powerful after Li Zhi took the throne as Emperor Gaozong. However, he gradually fell out of his nephew's favour by failing to support Emperor Gaozong's decision to depose his first wife,
456:), Emperor Taizong sent Zhangsun to engage Li Yi, although before Zhangsun could arrive, Li Yi had been defeated by his own subordinates and killed in flight. In fall 627, Emperor Taizong, despite opposition from Empress Zhangsun (who feared that the Zhangsun clan was becoming overly honored and would become a target of attack), Emperor Taizong made Zhangsun Wuji
614:) engaged Tang forces, Emperor Taizong had Li Shiji command 15,000 men to serve as decoy, and when Goguryeo forces attacked Li Shiji, Zhangsun Wuji attacked them from behind with 11,000 men, and Li Shiji and Zhangsun, as well as Emperor Taizong himself, defeated Goguryeo forces, forcing their surrender. He then considered directly attacking Goguryeo's capital
764:(a friend of Fang Yi'ai's), Li Daozong (who had long had a rivalry with Zhangsun and Chu), and the general Zhishi Sili (執失思力), Xue's brother Xue Wanbei (薛萬備) as well as Li Ke's mother Consort Yang and Consort Yang's younger son Li Yin, reduced to commoner rank and exiled. (For these actions, he was heavily criticized by
440:
Late in 626, when
Emperor Taizong personally ranked the contributions of the generals and officials in order to grant them fiefs, Emperor Taizong ranked five of them—Zhangsun Wuji, Fang Xuanling, Du Ruhui, Yuchi Gong, and Hou Junji to be contributors of the highest grade, and Zhangsun was created the
861:
in charge of investigating the alleged plot. Xu took this opportunity to send Yuan Gongyu to Qian
Prefecture, where Yuan by order of Empress Wu forced Zhangsun to commit suicide. His wealth was confiscated. (As part of the same reprisal transactions, Empress Wang's uncle Liu Shi was also executed
844:
By the beginning of 657, the power of
Empress Wu and her allies was so great that they began to retaliate hard against the authorities who opposed them. By 659, Empress Wu's position was secure, and she resented how Zhangsun and Yu had shown implicit disapproval of her ascension—and Xu, who had been
695:
In spring 648, Emperor
Taizong made Zhangsun the acting head of the legislative bureau—also a chancellor post—and further gave instructions that he also be in charge of the other two main bureaus of government, the executive and the examination bureaus, effectively putting Zhangsun in command of all
532:
the Prince of Wei, who was also born of
Empress Zhangsun and was Emperor Taizong's favorite son, was discovered to have plotted to overthrow Emperor Taizong, along with Hou Junji and Emperor Taizong's sons-in-law Zhao Jie (趙節) and Du He (杜荷, Du Ruhui's son). Emperor Taizong put the investigation in
324:
the Prince of Han), Zhangsun Heng'an (長孫恆安), and
Zhangsun Anye (長孫安業). (Empress Zhangsun was also born of Lady Gao, while Zhangsun Anye was not; who Zhangsun Xingbu's and Zhangsun Heng'an's mothers were was not recorded in history.) Zhangsun Sheng died in 609, and Zhangsun Anye, instead of raising
927:
While historical records clearly state that Lady Gao was
Zhangsun Sheng's wife, she might have not been his first wife, as while it was possible that Zhangsun Wuji's older brother Zhangsun Anye, who was said to have expelled Zhangsun Wuji and Empress Zhangsun from the Zhangsun household, could have
737:
has just taken the throne. If there are unfaithful subjects among the officials, I will lead an army to the capital to destroy them." However, Emperor Gaozong trusted both Zhangsun and Chu greatly, and in 650, when a commoner named Li Hongtai (李弘泰) accused Zhangsun of treason, Emperor Gaozong had
685:
In 647, when Zhangsun's uncle Gao Shilian died, Emperor Taizong, who had just recently himself recovered from an illness, wanted to attend Gao's wake, but Zhangsun lay down in the path of his horse, blocking him, reasoning that as someone who had recently recovered, it was inappropriate for Emperor
759:
Late in 652, there was a major dispute between Fang Xuanling's oldest son and heir Fang Yizhi (房遺直) and his younger brother Fang Yi'ai (房遺愛), as well as Fang Yi'ai's wife, Emperor Taizong's daughter Princess Gaoyang. Princess Gaoyang accused Fang Yizhi of assaulting her, while Fang Yizhi accused
814:
to the palace—an order that Chu correctly guessed that was intended to call them into a meeting in which he would try to persuade them to agree with his desire to replace Empress Wang with Consort Wu. Li Ji declined to enter. When Zhangsun, Chu, and Yu attended the meeting, Emperor Gaozong did
692:) submitted a petition to Emperor Taizong, asking him to yield the throne to Li Zhi, Li Zhi became concerned that Emperor Taizong would suspect that the proposal came from him, and Zhangsun requested that Duan be executed. Emperor Taizong, however, was unfazed, and took no actions against Duan.
565:
Consort Yang, a daughter of Sui's Emperor Yang), who was older than Li Zhi and considered more capable, crown prince instead. Zhangsun strenuously opposed this idea, and Emperor Taizong did not carry it out. Zhangsun further often praised Li Zhi's kindness. Thereafter, a deep enmity developed
475:
Many officials were critical of Zhangsun Wuji's ascension to a chancellor post, and there were secret accusations made to Emperor Taizong that Zhangsun was monopolizing power. Emperor Taizong publicly declared confidence in Zhangsun, but he himself feared that he was a target of resentment. He
686:
Taizong to attend the wake. Emperor Taizong, due to Zhangsun's opposition, relented. In summer 647, Emperor Taizong made Zhangsun the commandant at Yang Prefecture (i.e., Jiangdu), but did not actually send him to Yang Prefecture. In fall 647, when a commoner named Duan Zhichong (
778:
that eventually Zhangsun himself would be falsely accused. Indeed, when Li Ke died, he cursed Zhangsun, stating: "Zhangsun Wuji has stolen imperial power and falsely accused the faithful. The imperial ancestral spirits are watching. Soon your own clan will be slaughtered.")
495:
Also in 637, as part of Emperor Taizong's scheme to bestow prefectures on his relatives and great generals and officials as their permanent domains, Zhangsun's title was changed to Duke of Zhao, and he was given the post of prefect of Zhao Prefecture (趙州, roughly modern
537:, and the officials in charge of the supreme court and the legislative and examination bureaus of government, and they determined that, indeed, Li Chengqian had plotted to overthrow Emperor Taizong. Li Chengqian was deposed, while his coconspirators were executed.
705:). He summoned Zhangsun and Chu to his bedside and entrusted Li Zhi to them. He soon died, and by Zhangsun's orders, his death was kept a secret until his casket, accompanied by Li Zhi, was returned to Chang'an. Li Zhi then took the throne (as Emperor Gaozong).
678:, commented that overcautiousness was what cost Emperor Taizong the victory, indirectly blaming Zhangsun for opposing the strategy to attack Pyongyang directly.) As the army retreated, Zhangsun was responsible for building a temporary bridge over the
756:, whose mother Consort Liu was of low birth, be made crown prince, believing that Li Zhong would be grateful to her. Liu Shi also lobbied Zhangsun to make the request for her. Emperor Gaozong agreed, and in fall 652 created Li Zhong crown prince.
432:, and then effectively forced Emperor Gaozu to create him crown prince. Zhangsun was thereafter made the minister of civil service affairs. Two months later, Emperor Gaozu yielded the throne to Li Shimin, who took the throne as Emperor Taizong.
316:), and his mother was Zhangsun Sheng's wife Lady Gao, the daughter of the official Gao Jingde (高敬德). He had at least three older brothers—Zhangsun Sheng's oldest son Zhangsun Xingbu (長孫行布, who was killed in 604 while resisting the rebellion of
380:
as its Emperor Gaozu. Li Shimin was created the Prince of Qin and thereafter became the main general in charge of his father's campaigns to reunify China under Tang rule, which was largely complete by 623, when the last major rival to Tang,
491:
In 637, a major revision of the Sui penal laws, led by Fang but assisted by Zhangsun, was completed, with 500 sections dividing the punishments into 20 grades. About 1,600 sections of regulations to implement the laws were also written.
906:, the reference appeared to be intended to "the third older brother of Emperor Xian of Northern Wei," Emperor Xian being the posthumous honor conferred by Emperor Taiwu on Tuoba Kuali's son and successor Tuoba Linli (拓拔鄰立). See
717:(太尉), also one of the Three Excellencies, and ordered that he continued to be in charge of all three bureaus, although Zhangsun declined the responsibility over the executive bureau. Emperor Gaozong also gave him the chancellor
928:
done so merely on pure strength, he might not have otherwise had the authority to do so had his mother not also have been a wife (i.e., a wife who died prior to Zhangsun Sheng's marriage to Lady Gao) rather than a concubine.
411:
the Prince of Qi. For the next several years, the rivalry further intensified. By 626, Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji, apprehensive that Li Shimin might act against them, had falsely accused Li Shimin's staff strategists
836:), deposed Empress Wang and Consort Xiao to commoner rank and created Consort Wu as empress to replace Empress Wang. (Soon, by Empress Wu's orders, the former Empress Wang and Consort Xiao were tortured and killed.)
791:—whom he had, against Confucian definitions of incest, taken as a concubine even though she had been a concubine of Emperor Taizong's. (Empress Wang, who had been jealous of Emperor Gaozong's then-favorite concubine
540:
A succession question immediately arose. Li Tai was Emperor Taizong's favorite son, and Emperor Taizong almost immediately promised to him that he would be created crown prince, an idea concurred by the chancellors
823:
also showed opposition, but when Emperor Gaozong asked Li Ji, Li Ji responded, "This is your family matter, Your Imperial Majesty. Why ask anyone else?" Emperor Gaozong, after demoting Chu to a commandant post at
279:
It is not known when Zhangsun Wuji was born, but what is known is that he was older than his sister, the future Empress Zhangsun, who was born in 601. It was written that his ancestors traced their origin to the
472:, asking for their opinions. Xiao advocated an attack on Eastern Tujue, but Zhangsun pointed out that the peace treaty between the two states should not be breached, and Emperor Taizong accepted his suggestion.
1042:
574:
Zhangsun Wuji is overly worried about appearance of conflict of interest. He is dexterious and decisive beyond the wisdom of the ancients, but commanding an army in the battlefield is not his strength.
428:, and Yuchi advocated acting first against Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji. They persuaded Li Shimin to take action. Li Shimin thereafter set up an ambush for Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji, killing them at
476:
repeatedly offered to resign, both directly and through Empress Zhangsun, and in spring 628, Emperor Taizong accepted the resignation, although he conferred on Zhangsun the honorific position of
271:, and eventually ordered to be sent into exile by Emperor Gaozong. Xu Jingzong subsequently sent the official Yuan Gongyu (袁公瑜) to force Zhangsun Wuji to commit suicide on his way to exile.
441:
Duke of Qi. As Zhangsun was both a great contributor to his victory and a close relative, Emperor Taizong was particularly close to him, allowing Zhangsun to enter the palace frequently.
1035:
468:
Ashina Duobi, who had made a deep incursion to Chang'an when Emperor Taizong first took the throne in 626, was having internal problems with his subordinates, he consulted Zhangsun and
806:
In fall 655, after an imperial gathering, Emperor Gaozong summoned Zhangsun, Li Ji (i.e., Li Shiji—he had dropped the character "Shi" by this point by Emperor Gaozong's orders that
348:, Zhangsun Wuji went to meet Li Shimin, then serving as a major general of his father's, and he began to serve on Li Shimin's staff, often following Li Shimin on various campaigns.
267:, especially after the beginning of the new year 657 with the power of Empress Wu fell more. In 659, Zhangsun Wuji was falsely accused of treason by Empress Wu's political ally,
664:) first. Emperor Taizong agreed and continued sieging Ansi, but still could not capture it. In fall 645, with winter approaching, Emperor Taizong was forced to withdraw. (The
424:
and had them removed from Li Shimin's staff. It was said that by that time, of Li Shimin's closest confidants, only Zhangsun remained, and that Zhangsun, his uncle Gao Shilian,
38:
1028:
803:(who became chancellor over his overt support for Consort Wu), as well as other key officials Cui Yixuan (崔義玄) and Yuan Gongyu, formed an alliance in support of Consort Wu.
815:
indeed propose to replace Empress Wang with Consort Wu. Chu objected strenuously, while Zhangsun and Yu did not speak but showed no approval. Later, fellow chancellors
292:'s 17th generation ancestor Tuoba Kuaili (拓拔儈立) — that their ancestor was Tuoba Kuali's third son, who took the surname Baba (拔拔), eventually changed to Zhangsun when
1228:
528:
the Crown Prince (the oldest son of Emperor Taizong and Empress Zhangsun, who had died in 636), locked into an intense rivalry with his younger brother
325:
his younger brother and sister, expelled them, as well as his stepmother Lady Gao, from the Zhangsun household and sent them back to Lady Gao's brother
1213:
1208:
569:
In 644, when Emperor Taizong, at an imperial gathering, stated to his key officials their strengths and weaknesses, he spoke, with regard to Zhangsun:
516:
to commemorate the 24 great contributors to Tang rule, Zhangsun's was one of the portraits commissioned—indeed, Zhangsun's portraits was ranked first.
849:) under house arrest. Zhangsun's sons were also exiled. In fall 659, Emperor Gaozong further reopened the investigations, putting Li Ji, Xu,
480:(開府儀同三司) and continued to consult Zhangsun on many important matters. In 633, Emperor Taizong conferred on Zhangsun the even greater honor of
1218:
650:) and then head toward Pyongyang. Zhangsun opposed, believing the strategy to be too risky without first capturing Ansi and Geonan (
332:
It was said that Zhangsun Wuji was studious, and that he was both intelligent and full of strategies. When his sister later married
810:
was to be observed as to the characters Shi and Min, not just the sequence "Shimin" as Emperor Taizong had ordered), Chu, and
1223:
1238:
1233:
296:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
407:
By 623, however, Li Shimin was locked into an intense rivalry with Li Jiancheng, who was supported by another brother,
243:. He was an important advisor to Li Shimin when the latter was still the Prince of Qin during the reign of his father,
741:
In 651, another revision of the laws, with Zhangsun in charge, was completed, and was promulgated by Emperor Gaozong.
897:
885:
293:
632:) was not captured first, the general in command of Ansi (a capable general known in Korean popular legends as
224:
205:
966:
513:
340:, he and Li Shimin became great friends. When Li Yuan, at Li Shimin's instigation, rose against the rule of
289:
954:
893:
460:(僕射), one of the heads of the important executive bureau of the government and a post considered one for a
602:. In summer 645, at a major battle against the main Goguryeo forces commanded by the generals Go Yeonsu (
1020:
1137:
461:
825:
549:. However, Zhangsun did not concur, and instead recommended that Emperor Taizong make his ninth son
393:. For Zhangsun Wuji's contributions to Li Shimin's campaigns, he was created the Duke of Shangdang.
364:. After he received news in spring 618 that Emperor Yang had been killed at Jiangdu (江都, in modern
915:
546:
598:
lead the forward forces, while commanding the main forces himself, assisted by Zhangsun, Cen, and
550:
429:
402:
333:
240:
236:
1097:
911:
896:. However, this appeared to be in error, as Emperor Xianwen was the oldest son of his father,
792:
749:
745:
553:, also by Empress Zhangsun, crown prince instead; Zhangsun was supported in this suggestion by
260:
585:
337:
244:
699:
In summer 649, Emperor Taizong was seriously ill, while at the summer palace Cuiwei Palace (
256:
752:, also a chancellor, suggested to her that she propose that Emperor Gaozong's oldest son,
8:
1203:
1198:
341:
317:
884:
actually wrote that the Zhangsuns traced their ancestry to the "third older brother of
485:
194:
730:
1051:
961:
949:
880:
770:
734:
232:
175:
1132:
189:
713:
After Emperor Gaozong took the throne, he changed Zhangsun's honorific title to
973:
726:
674:
307:
165:
1192:
1147:
1082:
413:
385:
the Prince of Handong, was captured and killed by Li Shimin's older brother,
356:
Li Yuan captured Chang'an in winter 617 and declared Emperor Yang's grandson
213:
448:, an associate of Li Jiancheng's, rebelled at Bin Prefecture (豳州, in modern
1162:
1152:
1107:
858:
850:
807:
665:
633:
554:
525:
497:
390:
386:
377:
285:
248:
228:
185:
1122:
1087:
1067:
1050:
902:
854:
796:
599:
373:
345:
326:
303:
268:
1177:
1112:
1092:
811:
679:
669:
595:
542:
465:
421:
321:
1167:
1157:
1142:
1127:
1117:
1077:
846:
788:
761:
615:
562:
425:
408:
382:
264:
252:
73:
464:. Later that year, when Emperor Taizong heard that Eastern Tujue's
1172:
1072:
900:, and thus could not have had a third older brother. Based on the
829:
816:
753:
661:
647:
629:
591:
590:
Later in 644, when Emperor Taizong launched a major attack against
534:
449:
417:
365:
357:
1102:
800:
657:
643:
469:
453:
369:
281:
55:
820:
765:
625:
529:
445:
361:
833:
775:
558:
501:
59:
376:, he had Yang You yield the throne to him, establishing
1052:
Twenty-four meritorious officials of Lingyan Pavilion
512:(司徒). In 643, when Emperor Taizong commissioned the
360:emperor (as Emperor Gong), taking power himself as
255:(the Prince of Qi) in a succession struggle at the
787:By 654, Emperor Gaozong had become enamored with
708:
435:
1190:
16:Chinese politician of the Tang dynasty (594-659)
533:the hands of Zhangsun, Fang Xuanling, Xiao Yu,
351:
235:'s brother, which made him a brother-in-law of
1229:Tang dynasty generals at war against Goguryeo
1036:
700:
687:
651:
637:
619:
609:
603:
311:
97:
88:
26:
618:itself, but Li Shiji believed that if Ansi (
247:. He helped Li Shimin overcome his brothers
223:, was a Chinese politician who served as a
1043:
1029:
733:wrote a letter to Zhangsun, stating, "The
396:
1214:Chancellors under Emperor Taizong of Tang
1209:Chancellors under Emperor Gaozong of Tang
297:changed Xianbei surnames to Han surnames
865:
1191:
1024:
519:
774:, who commented that perhaps it was
744:In 652, with Emperor Gaozong's wife
579:
594:, he had the generals Li Shiji and
13:
14:
1250:
878:Zhangsun Wuji's biography in the
738:Li Hongtai immediately beheaded.
1219:Sui dynasty government officials
898:Emperor Wencheng of Northern Wei
444:In spring 627, when the general
344:in 617 and attacked the capital
336:, the second son of the general
37:
886:Emperor Xianwen of Northern Wei
372:) in a coup led by the general
329:, and Gao Shilian raised them.
294:Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei
931:
921:
872:
709:During Emperor Gaozong's reign
701:
638:
610:
604:
436:During Emperor Taizong's reign
209:
98:
89:
27:
1:
514:Portraits at Lingyan Pavilion
290:Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei
274:
1224:Suicides in the Tang dynasty
682:to allow the army to cross.
566:between Zhangsun and Li Ke.
352:During Emperor Gaozu's reign
7:
1239:Taizi taishi (Tang dynasty)
1234:Transition from Sui to Tang
782:
723:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin
237:Emperor Taizong (Li Shimin)
10:
1255:
583:
400:
183:
1058:
768:, the lead editor of the
748:being sonless, her uncle
688:
672:, the commentator to the
652:
620:
561:the Prince of Wu (by his
312:
263:, and replacing her with
171:
161:
117:
109:
80:
66:
48:
43:Portrait of Zhangsun Wuji
36:
21:
839:
241:Emperor Gaozong (Li Zhi)
239:and a maternal uncle of
403:Incident at Xuanwu Gate
397:Incident at Xuanwu Gate
251:(the Crown Prince) and
245:Emperor Gaozu (Li Yuan)
799:. However, soon, Xu,
420:and military officer
866:Notes and references
288:'s founding emperor
257:Xuanwu Gate Incident
696:of the government.
342:Emperor Yang of Sui
318:Emperor Yang of Sui
302:His father was the
219:(輔機), formally the
520:Succession dispute
486:Three Excellencies
478:Kaifu Yitong Sansi
1186:
1185:
608:) and Go Hyezin (
586:Goguryeo–Tang War
580:Goguryeo–Tang War
484:(司空): one of the
182:
181:
1246:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1022:
1021:
962:New Book of Tang
950:Old Book of Tang
941:
938:Old Book of Tang
935:
929:
925:
919:
890:Old Book of Tang
881:Old Book of Tang
876:
828:(roughly modern
771:Old Book of Tang
704:
703:
691:
690:
655:
654:
641:
640:
623:
622:
613:
612:
607:
606:
315:
314:
233:Empress Zhangsun
211:
176:Empress Zhangsun
101:
100:
92:
91:
81:Other names
41:
31:
30:
29:
19:
18:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1133:Zhangsun Shunde
1054:
1049:
945:
944:
936:
932:
926:
922:
877:
873:
868:
842:
785:
721:designation of
711:
588:
582:
522:
438:
405:
399:
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277:
199:
157:
105:
76:
71:
62:
53:
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32:
25:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1236:
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1226:
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826:Tan Prefecture
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710:
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675:Zizhi Tongjian
581:
578:
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524:Later in 643,
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401:Main article:
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1063:Zhangsun Wuji
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735:Son of Heaven
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414:Fang Xuanling
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227:in the early
226:
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214:courtesy name
212:; died 659),
207:
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202:Zhangsun Wuji
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174:
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145:Zhangsun Zhàn
144:
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139:Zhangsun Jing
138:
136:Zhangsun Zhān
135:
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129:
127:Zhangsun Huan
126:
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108:
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51:
47:
40:
35:
23:Zhangsun Wuji
20:
1163:Liu Zhenghui
1153:Cheng Zhijie
1108:Duan Zhixuan
1062:
972:
960:
948:
937:
933:
923:
907:
901:
889:
879:
874:
859:Lu Chengqing
851:Xin Maojiang
843:
808:naming taboo
805:
793:Consort Xiao
786:
769:
758:
746:Empress Wang
743:
740:
722:
718:
714:
712:
698:
694:
684:
673:
666:Song Dynasty
656:, in modern
642:, in modern
634:Yang Manchun
624:, in modern
589:
573:
568:
555:Chu Suiliang
539:
526:Li Chengqian
523:
509:
505:
498:Shijiazhuang
494:
490:
481:
477:
474:
457:
443:
439:
406:
391:Crown Prince
387:Li Jiancheng
378:Tang dynasty
355:
331:
301:
286:Northern Wei
278:
261:Empress Wang
249:Li Jiancheng
229:Tang dynasty
221:Duke of Zhao
220:
216:
201:
200:
193:
186:Chinese name
154:Zhangsun Run
148:Zhangsun Jin
133:Zhangsun Yan
130:Zhangsun Jun
1138:Zhang Liang
1068:Li Xiaogong
908:Book of Wei
903:Book of Wei
855:Ren Yaxiang
797:Xu Jingzong
600:Yang Shidao
430:Xuanwu Gate
374:Yuwen Huaji
327:Gao Shilian
320:'s brother
304:Sui dynasty
269:Xu Jingzong
190:family name
151:Zhangsun Ze
142:Zhangsun Xu
1204:659 deaths
1199:594 births
1193:Categories
1113:Liu Hongji
1093:Yuchi Gong
940:, vol. 65.
812:Yu Zhining
789:Consort Wu
680:Liao River
670:Hu Sanxing
668:historian
596:Li Daozong
584:See also:
543:Cen Wenben
466:Jiali Khan
462:chancellor
422:Yuchi Gong
322:Yang Liang
275:Early life
265:Empress Wu
225:chancellor
113:Politician
110:Occupation
1178:Qin Qiong
1168:Tang Jian
1158:Yu Shinan
1143:Hou Junji
1128:Chai Shao
1118:Qutu Tong
1083:Fang Qiao
1078:Wei Zheng
847:Chongqing
762:Yuwen Jie
616:Pyongyang
563:concubine
426:Hou Junji
409:Li Yuanji
383:Liu Heita
334:Li Shimin
253:Li Yuanji
231:. He was
172:Relatives
74:Chongqing
1173:Li Shiji
1123:Yin Jiao
1088:Gao Jian
1073:Du Ruhui
977:, vols.
910:, vols.
888:." See
830:Changsha
817:Han Yuan
783:Downfall
754:Li Zhong
719:de facto
662:Liaoning
648:Liaoning
630:Liaoning
592:Goguryeo
535:Li Shiji
450:Xianyang
418:Du Ruhui
366:Yangzhou
358:Yang You
346:Chang'an
306:general
299:in 496.
284:dynasty
195:Zhangsun
184:In this
178:(sister)
118:Children
1103:Xiao Yu
1098:Li Jing
965:, vol.
953:, vol.
894:vol. 65
801:Li Yifu
750:Liu Shi
658:Yingkou
644:Dandong
470:Xiao Yu
454:Shaanxi
370:Jiangsu
338:Li Yuan
282:Xianbei
206:Chinese
56:Luoyang
52:Unknown
857:, and
821:Lai Ji
776:karmic
766:Liu Xu
715:Taiwei
626:Anshan
551:Li Zhi
547:Liu Ji
530:Li Tai
506:Sikong
482:Sikong
362:regent
208::
188:, the
162:Father
87:Fuji (
840:Death
834:Hunan
729:king
727:Tufan
559:Li Ke
502:Hebei
446:Li Yi
60:Henan
819:and
545:and
510:Situ
458:Puye
416:and
389:the
217:Fuji
210:長孫無忌
67:Died
49:Born
28:長孫無忌
1015:200
1011:199
1007:198
1003:197
999:196
995:195
991:194
987:193
983:192
979:191
967:105
916:113
702:翠微宮
689:段志沖
611:高惠真
605:高延壽
508:to
313:長孫晟
192:is
70:659
1195::
1013:,
1009:,
1005:,
1001:,
997:,
993:,
989:,
985:,
981:,
955:65
914:,
892:,
853:,
832:,
660:,
653:建安
646:,
639:烏骨
628:,
621:安市
500:,
488:.
452:,
368:,
99:趙公
90:輔機
58:,
1044:e
1037:t
1030:v
1017:.
969:.
957:.
918:.
912:1
310:(
204:(
198:.
102:)
93:)
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