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Zoospores are composed of a microtubular cytoskeleton base which extends from the base of the flagellum. The complexity and structure of this cytoskeleton is variable and is largely dependent on volume and size. One common feature of zoospores is their asymmetrical shape; a result of the ventral
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grove housing the flagella base. Certain zoospores progress through different phases, the first phase commonly referred to as 'the initial'. Others form cysts that vary tremendously in volume (14-4905 cubic micrometers) and shape, each with distinctive hair structures.
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Heterokont are biflagellated zoospores (Fig. 1e, f) with both whiplash (smooth) and tinsel type (fine outgrowths called mastigonemes) flagella attached anteriorly or laterally. These zoospores are characteristic of the
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Different fungal zoospores may infect different taxa of organisms. Due to zoospores' aquatic lifestyle, fish and amphibians are ideal hosts. Some colonize exposed injuries in fish which may cause
489:. American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine series. American college of laboratory animal medicine (3rd ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press.
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Whiplash flagella are straight, to power the zoospore through its medium. Also, the "default" zoospore only has the propelling, whiplash flagella.
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wave pattern, but when both are present, the tinsel beats in the opposite direction of the whiplash, to give two axes of control of
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perpendicular to their main axis, which allow for more surface area, and disturbance of the medium, giving them the property of a
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Anisokonts are biflagellated zoospores with two whip types flagella of unequal length (Fig. 1c). These are found in some of the
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Zoospores may possess one or more distinct types of flagella - tinsel or "decorated", and whiplash, in various combinations.
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Attachment to the base of the zoospore is variable between taxa and may help with identification of species.
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Fox, James G.; Anderson, Lynn C.; Otto, Glen M.; Pritchett-Corning, Kathleen R.; Whary, Mark T. (2015).
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436:"Novel Protein Kinase Induced during Sporangial Cleavage in the Oomycete Phytophthora infestans"
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Zoospores with a single anterior flagellum (Fig. 1d) of the tinsel type are characteristic of
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in aqueous or moist environments. Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some
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damage, leading to death in certain cases. Others may utilize species of frogs (such as
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to propagate themselves. Certain zoospores are infectious and transmittable, such as
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Alexopoulos, C. J.; Mims, Charles W.; Blackwell, M.; et al. (2004).
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413:(3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 23–24.
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Sandle, T. (2014-01-01), Batt, Carl A.; Tortorello, Mary Lou (eds.),
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Figure 1. Zoospore types. The arrow indicates direction of movement.
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513:(4th ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons.
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Judelson, Howard S.; Roberts, Samuel (October 1, 2002).
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Posterior whiplash flagella are a characteristic of the
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336:O’Rourke, Dorcas P.; Rosenbaum, Matthew D. (2015),
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112:Tinsellated (straminipilous) flagella have lateral
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378:Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology (Second Edition)
374:"FUNGI | Classification of the Peronosporomycetes"
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131:Both tinsel and whiplash flagella beat in a
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228:A zoosporangium is the asexual structure (
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487:Laboratory animal medicine
342:Laboratory Animal Medicine
223:Phytophthora agathidicida
178:have up to 16 (Fig. 1b).
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511:Introductory Mycology
411:Introduction to Fungi
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543:at Wikimedia Commons
187:Plasmodiophoromycota
194:Hyphochytriomycetes
146:Morphological types
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176:Neocallimastigales
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95:General morphology
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539:Media related to
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551:Categories
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348:2023-11-08
316:References
300:Angiosperm
230:sporangium
204:and other
183:Myxomycota
160:eukaryotes
133:sinusoidal
84:amphibians
62:locomotion
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260:epidermal
116:known as
114:filaments
90:Diversity
58:flagellum
18:Zoosporic
557:Mycology
278:See also
234:Oomycota
202:Oomycota
137:motility
70:bacteria
66:protists
52:asexual
46:zoospore
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122:rudder
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