48:
471:. By adapting a strain in a high concentration of xylose, significant alterations of metabolism occurred. One noticeable change was reduced levels of xylitol, a byproduct of xylose fermentation which can inhibit the strain’s xylose metabolism. One of the reasons for lower xylitol production was mutation in a putative gene encoding for an aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the reduction of xylose to xylitol.
987:
Seo, Jeong-Sun; Chong, Hyonyong; Park, Hyun Seok; Yoon, Kyoung-Oh; Jung, Cholhee; Kim, Jae Joon; Hong, Jin Han; Kim, Hyungtae; Kim, Jeong-Hyun; Kil, Joon-Il; Park, Cheol Ju; Oh, Hyun-Myung; Lee, Jung-Soon; Jin, Su-Jung; Um, Hye-Won; Lee, Hee-Jong; Oh, Soo-Jin; Kim, Jae Young; Kang, Hyung Lyun; Lee,
463:
have been developed by rational metabolic engineering efforts, mutagenesis techniques or adaptive mutation. However, when these engineered strains metabolize mixed sugars in presence of inhibitors, the yield and productivity are much lower, thus preventing their industrial application.
446:
cannot tolerate toxic inhibitors present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates such as acetic acid and various phenolic compounds. Concentration of acetic acid in lignocellulosic hydrolysates can be as high as 1.5% (w/v), which is well above the tolerance threshold of
458:
to overcome its inherent deficiencies. National
Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), USA has made significant contributions in expanding its substrate range to include C5 sugars like xylose and arabinose. Acetic acid resistant strains of
538:
Hördt, Anton; LĂłpez, Marina GarcĂa; Meier-Kolthoff, Jan P.; Schleuning, Marcel; Weinhold, Lisa-Maria; Tindall, Brian J.; Gronow, Sabine; Kyrpides, Nikos C.; Woyke, Tanja; Göker, Markus (7 April 2020).
817:
Joachimsthal, E L; Rogers, PL (2000). "Characterization of a high-productivity recombinant strain of
Zymomonas mobilis for ethanol production from glucose/xylose mixtures".
717:
Zhang, M; Eddy, C; Deanda, K; Finkelstein, M; Picataggio, S (Jan 13, 1995). "Metabolic
Engineering of a Pentose Metabolism Pathway in Ethanologenic Zymomonas mobilis".
1213:
349:). It is commonly found in cask-conditioned ales where priming sugar is used to carbonate the beer. The optimum growth temperature is 25 to 30 °C.
337:
have not been reported in lager breweries due to the low temperatures (8–12 °C) and stringent carbohydrate requirements (able to ferment only
1187:
1226:
682:
Doran-Peterson, Joy; Cook, Dana M.; Brandon, Sarah K. (2008). "Microbial conversion of sugars from plant biomass to lactic acid or ethanol".
1174:
1200:
921:
Agrawal, Manoj; Chen, Rachel
Ruizhen (2011). "Discovery and characterization of a xylose reductase from Zymomonas mobilis ZM4".
518:
617:
1205:
859:
Agrawal, Manoj; Mao, Z; Chen, RR (2011). "Adaptation yields a highly efficient xylose-fermenting
Zymomonas mobilis strain".
438:
cannot ferment C5 sugars like xylose and arabinose which are important components of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Unlike
1282:
1231:
509:
strain ZM4 has been sequenced and contains 2,056,416 bp encoding 1,998 protein coding genes. This revealed that
540:"Analysis of 1,000+ Type-Strain Genomes Substantially Improves Taxonomic Classification of Alphaproteobacteria"
306:
in some aspects. It was originally isolated from alcoholic beverages like the
African palm wine, the Mexican
514:
365:
1113:
369:
292:, non-sporulating, polarly-flagellated, rod-shaped bacterium. It is the only species found in the genus
310:, and also as a contaminant of cider and beer (cider sickness and beer spoilage) in European countries.
1267:
47:
1272:
17:
389:
1056:
770:"Development of an arabinose-fermenting Zymomonas mobilis strain by metabolic pathway engineering"
414:
However, in spite of these attractive advantages, several factors prevent the commercial usage of
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1192:
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490:. This allows it to have an extraordinary tolerance to ethanol in its environment, around 13%.
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Chen, Rachel; Wang, Yun; Shin, Hyun-dong; Agrawal, Manoj; Mao, Zichao (2009).
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An extensive adaptation process was used to improve xylose fermentation in
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990:"The genome sequence of the ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis ZM4"
901:
803:
422:
production. The foremost hurdle is that its substrate range is limited to
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does not require controlled addition of oxygen during the fermentation,
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higher sugar uptake and ethanol yield (up to 2.5 times higher),
307:
333:. This can be likened to a rotten apple smell or fruity odor.
914:
325:, creating an estery-sulfury flavor due to the production of
303:
610:
Microbial reactions: Ethanol
Production by Zymomonas mobilis
966:"Industrial Applications of A Novel Aldo/Keto Reductase Of
920:
322:
904:"Strains of Zymomonas mobilis for fermentation of biomass"
988:
Se Yong; Lee, Kye Joon; Kang, Hyen Sam (January 2005).
710:
816:
858:
854:
852:
768:
Deanda, K; Zhang, M; Eddy, C; Picataggio, S (1996).
849:
1259:
986:
493:Zymomonas mobilis is traditionally used to make
246:(Kluyver and Hoppenbrouwers 1931) Shimwell 1950
124:Kluyver and van Niel 1936 (Approved Lists 1980)
608:Rogers P; Lee K; Skotnicki M; Tribe D (1982).
486:, pentacyclic compounds similar to eukaryotic
963:
612:. New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 37–84.
632:
454:Several attempts have been made to engineer
380:as the only products (analogous to yeast).
1013:
793:
658:
565:
555:
407:higher ethanol tolerance up to 16% (v/v),
270:(Lindner 1928) Kluyver and van Niel 1936
1065:- the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
302:-producing capabilities, which surpass
14:
1260:
819:Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
774:Applied and Environmental Microbiology
589:
587:
585:
1074:
1073:
908:US Patent Application No. 20090269797
352:
321:is an unwanted waterborn bacteria in
197:(Lindner 1928) De Ley and Swings 1976
160:(Lindner 1928) De Ley and Swings 1976
531:
513:can only metabolise glucose via the
209:(Millis 1956) De Ley and Swings 1976
633:Swings, J; De Ley, J (March 1977).
582:
24:
25:
1294:
1034:
974:US Patent Application 20120196342
474:An interesting characteristic of
1041:Ethanol fermentation technology—
964:Chen, Rachel; Agrawal M (2012).
861:Biotechnology and Bioengineering
786:10.1128/AEM.62.12.4465-4470.1996
696:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03480.x
517:and is not capable of using the
313:
46:
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238:Kluyver and Hoppenbrouwers 1931
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761:
675:
626:
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519:Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway
13:
1:
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739:10.1126/science.267.5195.240
262:(Shimwell 1937) Kluyver 1957
7:
651:10.1128/MMBR.41.1.1-46.1977
10:
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1283:Bacteria described in 1936
827:10.1385/abab:84-86:1-9:343
635:"The biology of Zymomonas"
393:with respect to producing
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935:10.1007/s10529-011-0677-6
544:Frontiers in Microbiology
500:
404:lower biomass production,
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43:Scientific classification
41:
34:
557:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00468
515:Entner–Doudoroff pathway
366:Entner–Doudoroff pathway
227:Achromobacter anaerobium
821:. 84–86 (1–9): 343–56.
639:Bacteriological Reviews
368:. The pyruvate is then
251:Thermobacterium mobile
243:Saccharomonas lindneri
923:Biotechnology Letters
235:Pseudomonas lindneri
27:Species of bacterium
731:1995Sci...267..240Z
360:degrades sugars to
259:Zymomonas anaerobia
80:Alphaproteobacteria
420:cellulosic ethanol
383:The advantages of
353:Ethanol production
1268:Food microbiology
1255:
1254:
1240:Open Tree of Life
1219:zymomonas-mobilis
1114:Zymomonas mobilis
1084:Zymomonas mobilis
1076:Taxon identifiers
1059:Zymomonas mobilis
1050:Zymomonas mobilis
1043:Zymomonas mobilis
968:Zymomonas Mobilis
929:(11): 2127–2133.
873:10.1002/bit.23021
684:The Plant Journal
619:978-3-540-11698-1
358:Zymomonas mobilis
298:. It has notable
281:Zymomonas mobilis
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36:Zymomonas mobilis
16:(Redirected from
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1273:Sphingomonadales
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1108:Wikispecies
1000:(1): 63–8.
645:(1): 1–46.
442:and yeast,
372:to produce
166:Subspecies
1262:Categories
525:References
511:Z. mobilis
507:Z. mobilis
476:Z. mobilis
469:Z. mobilis
461:Z. mobilis
456:Z. mobilis
449:Z. mobilis
444:Z. mobilis
436:Z. mobilis
416:Z. mobilis
395:bioethanol
385:Z. mobilis
364:using the
300:bioethanol
178:francensis
843:189906081
596:Zymomonas
484:hopanoids
482:contains
370:fermented
335:Zymomonas
319:Zymomonas
295:Zymomonas
290:anaerobic
130:Species:
119:Zymomonas
18:Zymomonas
1193:11202184
1093:Wikidata
1024:15592456
943:21720846
889:23075338
881:21404252
835:10849801
755:30637280
747:17791346
704:18476865
576:32373076
428:fructose
362:pyruvate
347:fructose
218:Synonyms
206:pomaceae
96:Family:
66:Phylum:
60:Bacteria
56:Domain:
1278:Ethanol
1180:3221413
1154:8534717
1123:BacDive
1099:Q245744
1015:6870993
951:5724810
804:8953718
727:Bibcode
719:Science
567:7179689
550:: 468.
488:sterols
440:E. coli
432:sucrose
424:glucose
374:ethanol
343:glucose
339:sucrose
204:subsp.
194:mobilis
192:subsp.
176:subsp.
114:Genus:
86:Order:
76:Class:
1245:424000
1206:958656
1167:ZYMOMO
1061:at Bac
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501:Genome
495:pulque
345:, and
308:pulque
185:. 2006
181:Coton
108:. 2020
104:Hördt
1188:IRMNG
1141:7GJ6Y
1128:14289
947:S2CID
885:S2CID
839:S2CID
751:S2CID
669:16585
387:over
304:yeast
284:is a
183:et al
106:et al
1227:NCBI
1214:LPSN
1201:ITIS
1175:GBIF
1162:EPPO
1063:Dive
1020:PMID
939:PMID
877:PMID
831:PMID
800:PMID
743:PMID
700:PMID
665:PMID
614:ISBN
572:PMID
430:and
376:and
329:and
323:beer
1232:542
1149:EoL
1136:CoL
1010:PMC
1002:doi
931:doi
869:doi
865:108
823:doi
790:PMC
782:doi
735:doi
723:267
692:doi
655:PMC
647:doi
562:PMC
552:doi
418:in
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554::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
