266:'''Fire ants''' are several species of ]s in the ] '''''Solenopsis''''', which includes over 200 species. ''Solenopsis'' are ] ants, and most of their ]s reflect this, for example, '''ginger ants''' and '''tropical fire ants'''. Many of the names shared by this genus are often used interchangeably to refer to other species of ant, such as the term '''red ant''', mostly because of their similar coloration despite not being in the genus Solenopsis. Both '']'' and '']'' are common examples of non-Solenopsis ants being termed red ants.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Reins|first1=Dusty|title=Species: Pogonomyrmex barbatus - Red Harvester Ant|url=http://www.wildcatbluff.org/content/species-pogonomyrmex-barbatus-red-harvester-ant|publisher=Wildcat Bluff Nature Center|access-date=30 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402130103/http://www.wildcatbluff.org/content/species-pogonomyrmex-barbatus-red-harvester-ant|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
259:'''Fire ants''' are several species of ]s in the ] '''''Solenopsis''''', which includes over 200 species. ''Solenopsis'' are ] ants, and most of their ]s reflect this, for example, '''ginger ants''' and '''tropical fire ants'''. Many of the names shared by this genus are often used interchangeably to refer to other species of ant, such as the term '''red ant''', mostly because of their similar coloration despite not being in the genus Solenopsis. Both '']'' and '']'' are common examples of non-Solenopsis ants being termed red ants.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Reins|first1=Dusty|title=Species: Pogonomyrmex barbatus - Red Harvester Ant|url=http://www.wildcatbluff.org/content/species-pogonomyrmex-barbatus-red-harvester-ant|publisher=Wildcat Bluff Nature Center|access-date=30 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402130103/http://www.wildcatbluff.org/content/species-pogonomyrmex-barbatus-red-harvester-ant|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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1318:, a carnivorous plant, is native only to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about three seconds of touching two or three "trigger hairs" on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey and digests it. The majority of ants that are captured include non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (
910:-shaped mounds are constructed, but these are usually only found in open spaces, such as fields, parks, and lawns. These mounds can reach heights of 40 cm (16 in), but can be even higher on heavier soils, standing at 1.0 m (3 ft 3 in) in height and 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) in diameter. Colonies are founded by small groups of queens or single queens. Even if only one queen survives, within a month or so, the colony can expand to thousands of individuals. Some colonies may be
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the absence of workers for defense. Fire ant queens may live up to seven years and can produce up to 1,600 eggs per day, and colonies will have as many as 250,000 workers. The estimated potential life span is around 5 years and 10 months to 6 years and 9 months. Young, virgin fire ant queens have wings (as do male fire ants), but they often cut them off after mating. Occasionally, a queen will keep its wings after mating and through her first year.
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768:. Fire ants of those species invasive in the United States can be distinguished from other ants locally present by their copper brown head and thorax with a darker abdomen. The worker ants are blackish to reddish and their size varies from 2 to 6 mm (0.079 to 0.236 in). In an established nest these different sizes of ants are all present at the same time.
1184:. Antihistamines or topical corticosteroids may help reduce the itching and will generally benefit local sting reactions. Oral medicine include antihistamines. Severe allergic reactions to fire ant stings, including severe chest pain, nausea, severe sweating, loss of breath, serious swelling, and slurred speech, can be fatal if not treated.
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The other roles in an ant colony are usually undertaken by workers. Fire ant workers are haphazardly divided into different size classes, namely minima, minor, media, and major workers. The major ants are known for their larger size and more powerful mandibles typically used in macerating and storing
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in 2017, clumps of fire ants, known as rafts, were seen clumped together on the surface of the water. Each clump had as many as 100,000 individual ants, which formed a temporary structure until finding a new permanent home. Ants clumped in this way will recognize different fluid flow conditions and
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within 24â36 hours which can become infected if scratched, but will spontaneously flatten within a few days if left alone. The pustules are obtrusive and uncomfortable while active and, if they become infected, may cause scarring. Some people may become allergic to the venom, and if untreated, may
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Fire ant queens, the reproductive females in their colony, also are generally the largest. Their primary function is reproduction. Typically, a fire ant queen will seek to establish a new colony following a nuptial flight, wherein it will use its special venom to paralyze offending competitors, in
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Since
September 2004, Taiwan has been seriously affected by the red fire ant. The US, Taiwan and Australia all have ongoing national programs to control or eradicate the species, but with the exception of those in Australia, none have been especially effective. In Australia, there is an intensive
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loss. Over 40 million people live in RIFA-infested areas in the southeastern United States. It is estimated that 30â60% of the people living in fire ant-infested areas of the US are stung each year. RIFA are currently found mainly in subtropical southeastern USA states including
Florida, Georgia,
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are not closely related. '']'' is another unrelated ant commonly called the "little fire ant" due to its potent sting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wasmannia auropunctata|url=http://www.hear.org/species/wasmannia_auropunctata/|publisher=Hawaiian
Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)|access-date=9 July
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These ants are renowned for their ability to survive extreme conditions. They do not hibernate, but can survive cold conditions, although this is costly to fire ant populations as observed during several winters in
Tennessee, where 80 to 90% of colonies died due to several consecutive days of
2730:
dos Santos Pinto, José R. A.; Fox, Eduardo G. P.; Saidemberg, Daniel M.; Santos, Lucilene D.; da Silva
Menegasso, Anally R.; Costa-Manso, EliĂșde; Machado, Ednildo A.; Bueno, Odair C.; Palma, Mario S. (2012-09-07). "Proteomic View of the Venom from the Fire Ant Solenopsis invicta Buren".
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the two genera are not closely related. '']'' is another unrelated ant commonly called the "little fire ant" due to its potent sting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Wasmannia auropunctata|url=http://www.hear.org/species/wasmannia_auropunctata/|publisher=Hawaiian
Ecosystems at Risk project
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Key natural enemies of fire ants also include other ant species which will attack prospective queens during the nest founding period, when there is an absence of workers to defend the emergent colony. Frequent competitors of fire ant founding queens include other
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estimates that more than US$ 5 billion is spent annually on medical treatment, damage, and control in RIFA-infested areas. Furthermore, the ants cause approximately $ 750 million in damage annually to agricultural assets, including
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Greenberg, Les; Kabashima, John N.; Allison, Clinton J.; Rust, Michael K.; Klotz, John H.; Hurvois, Jean-Pierre; Paine, Timothy D. (2008-11-01). "Lethality of Red
Imported Fire Ant Venom to Argentine Ants and Other Ant Species".
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The latter is commercially available for the biological control (as an alternative to conventional pesticides) of various pest insects, and a new proposed technology has increased its shelf life and efficiency against fire ants.
838:(hence the name), and the after-effects of the sting can be deadly to sensitive people. Fire ants are more aggressive than most native species, so have pushed many species away from their local habitat. One such species that
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produces large mounds in open areas, and feeds mostly on young plants, insects and seeds. Fire ants often attack small animals such as small lizards and can kill them. Unlike many other ants, which bite and then spray
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1606:
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Pitts, James P.; Camacho, Gabriela P.; Gotzek, Dietrich; Mchugh, Joseph V.; Ross, Kenneth G. (April 2018). "Revision of the Fire Ants of the
Solenopsis saevissima Species-Group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)".
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Male fire ants mate with queens during a nuptial flight. After a male has successfully inseminated a queen, he will not get accepted back to the mother colony, and will eventually die outside the nest.
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food items (i.e. as repletes), while smaller workers take care of regular tasks (the main tasks in a colony are caring for the eggs/larvae/pupae, cleaning the nest, and foraging for food). However,
1130:. The sting site typically swells into a bump within hours, which can cause further pain and irritation, especially following several stings at the same place. The bump may develop into a white
15:
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Diaz, Bruno L.; Machado, Ednildo A.; Atella, Georgia C.; Araujo, Maria F. C.; Araujo, Almair
Ferreira de; Poublan, Luiz E.; Gama, Diogo; Monteiro, Ana Paula; Fox, Eduardo G. P. (2018-09-26).
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873:, the larvae secrete a fluid that is high in sugar content. Fire ants bring the larvae back to the nest, and protect them through the pupal stage in exchange for feeding on the fluid. In
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Qiu, Hua-Long; Fox, Eduardo G. P.; Qin, Chang-Sheng; Zhao, Dan-Yang; Yang, Hua; Xu, Jin-Zhu (2019-07-01). "Microcapsuled entomopathogenic fungus against fire ants, Solenopsis invicta".
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Fox, Eduardo Gonçalves
Paterson; Pianaro, Adriana; Solis, Daniel Russ; Delabie, Jacques Hubert Charles; Vairo, Bruno Cunha; Machado, Ednildo de AlcĂąntara; Bueno, Odair Correa (2012).
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Fox, Eduardo G.P.; Wu, Xiaoqing; Wang, Lei; Chen, Li; Lu, Yong-Yue; Xu, Yijuan (February 2019). "Queen venom isosolenopsin A delivers rapid incapacitation of fire ant competitors".
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Siebeneicher, Stacy R.; Bradleigh^Vinson, S.; Kenerley, Charles M. (1992-05-01). "Infection of the red imported fire ant by Beauveria bassiana through various routes of exposure".
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Ascunce, M. S.; Yang, C.-C.; Oakey, J.; Calcaterra, L.; Wu, W.-J.; Shih, C.-J.; Goudet, J.; Ross, K. G.; Shoemaker, D. (24 February 2011). "Global Invasion History of the Fire Ant
1749:
Roberts, R. B.; Dodson, Calaway H. (1967). "Nesting biology of two communal bees, Euglossa imperialis and Euglossa ignita (Hymenoptera: Apidae), including description of larvae".
2161:"Intraspecific and Intracolonial Variation in the Profile of Venom Alkaloids and Cuticular Hydrocarbons of the Fire Ant Solenopsis saevissima Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)"
1819:
Horvitz, Carol C.; Turnbull, Christine; Harvey, Donald J. (1987-07-01). "Biology of Immature Eurybia elvina (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), a Myrmecophilous Metalmark Butterfly".
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contains over 200 species. Not all species included in the genus are known as fire ants, but most are small slow-moving ants which are unable to sting, called
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1027:. The RIFA was believed to have been accidentally introduced to these countries via shipping crates, particularly with Australia when they were first found in
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1143:. It has been demonstrated that, whilst pustule formation results from the injected venom alkaloids, allergy to fire ant stings is caused solely by venom
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South Carolina, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and parts of North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and California.
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in parts of the United States to adapt to the ant's presence; they now have longer legs and new behaviors that aid them in escaping from the danger.
202:
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Javors, M.A.; Zhou, W.; Maas, J.W.; Han, S.; Keenan, R.W. (1993-01-01). "Effects of fire ant venom alkaloids on platelet and neutrophil function".
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following fire ant stings, which requires emergency treatment. Management of an emergency visit due to anaphylaxis is recommended with the use of
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2216:(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in South America, a Potential Candidate for the Biological Control of the Red Imported Fire Ant in the United States"
1975:
879:, fire ants were observed to frequently construct soil shelters over later instars of larvae on inflorescences on which the larvae are found.
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is the most famous species in this genus, especially in the US, however several other species are similarly dangerous and invasive, such as
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that dissolves the membrane attaching the ant's head to its body. The fly pupates in the detached head capsule, emerging two weeks later.
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are colloquially called "fire ants" because of their similar coloration and painful bites, but the two genera are not closely related.
1098:, which has invaded most of the tropical countries, wreaking havoc in medical systems especially in unprepared countries and islands.
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1126:) mixed with a small amount of toxic proteins. Fire ant stings are painful, characterised by a local burning sensation, followed by
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782:, and antennae with 10 segments plus a two-segmented club. Many ants bite, and formicine ants can cause irritation by spraying
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program costing A$ 175 million, although the fire ant has remained despite efforts. By July 2013, multiple sites west of
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3030:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 22 October 2008
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Fire ants dig tunnels efficiently using about 30% of the population of the colony, thereby avoiding congestion in tunnels.
681:. Many of the names shared by this genus are often used interchangeably to refer to other species of ant, such as the term
132:
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Angelone, Steven; Bidochka, Michael J. (2018-07-01). "Diversity and abundance of entomopathogenic fungi at ant colonies".
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Yi, GB; McClendon, D; Desaiah, D; Goddard, J; Lister, A; Moffitt, J; Meer, RK; deShazo, R; Lee, KS; Rockhold, RW (2002).
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2638:"Spread of stinging ants to oceanic islands, and the need to raise awareness of prevention and treatment of ant stings"
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which are larger, and will viciously sting in swarms whenever disturbed. Some of the most studied species include:
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1281:, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. After about two weeks, they cause the ant's head to fall off by releasing an
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for the first time. They were believed to be in the Philippines, but they are most likely to be misidentified for
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1656:"Fire ant venom alkaloid, isosolenopsin A, a potent and selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase"
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3122:"The Large Decapitating Fly (Diptera: Phoridae): Successfully Established on Fire Ant Populations in Alabama"
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Porter, Sanford D.; Graham, L. C. âFuddâ; Johnson, Seth J.; Thead, Larry G.; Briano, Juan A. (June 2011).
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2553:"Queensland launched a war against the fire ant invasion, but 12 years later, they're still on the march"
2343:
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Briano, Juan A.; Calcaterra, Luis A.; Wojcik, D.P.; Williams, D.F.; Banks, W.A.; Patterson, R.S. (1997).
1609:. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (Queensland Government). 30 July 2013. Archived from
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of varying efficacy, including immediate application of a solution of half bleach and half water, or
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on the wound, fire ants bite only to get a grip and then sting (from the abdomen) and inject a toxic
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First aid for fire ant stings includes external treatments and oral medicines. There are also many
3158:"Energetics and the evolution of carnivorous plantsâDarwin's 'Most Wonderful plants in the world'"
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deShazo RD, Butcher BT, Banks WA (1990). "Reactions to the stings of the imported fire ant".
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685:, mostly because of their similar coloration despite not being in the genus Solenopsis. Both
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shoulders. Usually, the nest will not be visible, as it will be built under objects such as
834:. For humans, this is a painful sting, a sensation similar to what one feels when burned by
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1910:"Evidence of polygynous red imported fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in South Carolina"
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species and they have been introduced throughout the southern United States, starting with
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is another unrelated ant commonly called the "little fire ant" due to its potent sting.
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Hoffmann, Benjamin D; Ducarme, Frédéric; Bradford, DanaKai; Martinez, Santiago (2023).
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2579:"Mayors warn fire ants are dominating in south east Queensland as infestations double"
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Kintz-Early, Janet; Parris, Leslie; Zettler, Jennifer; Bast, Josh (September 2003).
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Prahlow, JA; Barnard, JJ (June 1998). "Fatal anaphylaxis due to fire ant stings".
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2013:
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1721:"Medical Problems and Treatment Considerations for the Red Imported Fire Ant"
1635:. University of California Agriculture & Natural Resources. 25 April 2014
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creams that also include medically tested and verified treatments. External,
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1080:. According to a study published in 2009, it took only seventy years for the
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Although most fire ant species do not bother people and are not invasive,
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Technical Report. Pharaoh ants and fire ants. p. 175. Archived from
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1011:(or RIFA), is an invasive pest in many areas of the world, including the
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1235:, are a large family of small, hump-backed flies somewhat smaller than
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colonies contain no workers, as they are considered social parasites.
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1976:"Fire ant rafts form because of the Cheerios effect, study concludes"
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adapt their behavior accordingly to preserve the raft's stability.
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are common examples of non-Solenopsis ants being termed red ants.
2096:"Fire Ant Queen Longevity and Age: Estimation by Sperm Depletion"
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A human leg three days after brief contact with a fire ant colony
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787:
786:; myrmecine ants like fire ants have a dedicated venom-injecting
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347:"fire ants" because of their similar coloration and painful bites
307:"fire ants" because of their similar coloration and painful bites
906:, logs, rocks, or bricks. If no cover for nesting is available,
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2879:"A case of the first documented fire ant anaphylaxis in Canada"
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A fire ant worker, queen, and male (clockwise from bottom left)
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The bodies of mature fire ants, like the bodies of all typical
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None of these names apply to all species of ''Solenopsis'' nor
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1885:. University of Minnesota (IPM World Textbook). Archived from
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30:
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larvae migrates to the head, then develops by feeding on the
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reproduce by laying eggs in the thorax of the ant. The first
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2977:(3rd ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier. pp. 584â585.
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The venom of fire ants is mainly (>95%) composed of oily
2814:"The allergic response mediated by fire ant venom proteins"
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10.1653/0015-4040(2003)086[0381:EOPRIF]2.0.CO;2
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become increasingly sensitive to the point of experiencing
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2406:"Reds Under Your Feet (interview with Robert Vander Meer)"
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1392:. "True" fire ants are but a group of about 20 species of
764:, and the abdomen, with three pairs of legs and a pair of
2136:"Texas Imported Fire Ant Research and Management Project"
1730:(Texas Imported Fire Ant Research and Management Project)
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3428:. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
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The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
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flies appear to be important ecological constraints on
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Fire ants are resilient and can survive floods. During
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ants parasitically take advantage of are bees, such as
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Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington
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Solley, GO; Vanderwoude, C; Knight, GK (3 June 2002).
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1949:"Floating fire ants form rafts in Houston floodwaters"
68:
2083:. Austin, Texas: The Texas Department of Agriculture.
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species, and some invasive pest species, such as the
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spp. ants can be identified by three body featuresâa
2309:"Red fire ants will make thongs a thing of the past"
1556:"Species: Pogonomyrmex barbatus - Red Harvester Ant"
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gel â the latter of which is also often included in
2971:Talcott, Patricia A.; Peterson, Michael E. (2013).
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1775:
1031:in 2001. These ants have now since been spotted in
700:None of these common names apply to all species of
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1633:"Red Imported Fire Ant - UC Statewide IPM Program"
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760:, are divided into three sections: the head, the
327:names apply to all species of ''Solenopsis'' nor
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2577:McCarthy, John; Williams, Brian (25 July 2013).
2576:
2431:"Anaphylaxis due to Red Imported Fire Ant sting"
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2371:(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) beyond North America"
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1354:are also natural enemies of fire ants, such as
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944:winged reproductive females, queens and workers
3200:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
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3048:
2103:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
2078:
1821:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
1751:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
1311:, where the ants first entered North America.
790:, which injects an alkaloid venom, as well as
3326:
3008:. American Osteopathic College of Dermatology
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1748:
1558:. Wildcat Bluff Nature Center. Archived from
986:Further information on invasive species:
2336:"'Aggressive' red ants found at Sydney port"
1876:
1874:
1872:
1707:
1584:. Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)
1307:counties in Texas, as well as south central
932:
352:(HEAR)|access-date=9 July 2015}}</ref>
145:
2876:
2631:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2485:"Public health significance of Urban Pests"
2081:Imported Fire Ants: Life History and Impact
3151:
3149:
2002:"The Secret to Ant Efficiency Is Idleness"
1214:with its sticky leaves that trap many ants
490:
394:"Red ant" redirects here. For the species
27:
3173:
3137:
3091:
2904:
2894:
2883:Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology
2853:
2653:
2388:
2186:
2176:
2093:
1974:Ouellette, Jennifer (16 September 2022).
1973:
1925:
1869:
1671:
2688:Fox, Eduardo Gonçalves Paterson (2014),
2622:
2403:
2364:
1601:
1599:
1516:
1514:
1217:
1203:
1191:
1105:
991:
936:
801:
743:
735:
156:Copy editââž Grammarââž Sentence fragment.
28:
3146:
3092:Ehrenberg, Rachel (18 September 2009).
3769:
2877:Lee, Jason; Betschel, Stephen (2013).
2696:, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 1â16,
2602:
2550:
2306:
1999:
1520:
859:relationships with several species of
387:Revision as of 15:16, 1 September 2024
187:Revision as of 15:16, 1 September 2024
3482:
3481:
3085:
2807:
2805:
2683:
2681:
2079:Vinson, S.B.; Sorenson, A.A. (1986).
2031:
2029:
1852:
1850:
1814:
1812:
1791:of Harvard University Press. p.
1718:
1596:
1511:
3754:025049B0-84D2-BF68-E37A-D8F48DF9FF04
3741:c5285299-5acd-49ce-9893-73e690bc4053
3640:c9137670-afb2-4956-86be-a84ed239ca13
1856:
1719:Drees, Bastiaan M. (December 2002).
1227:, phorid fly parasitoid of fire ants
1007:, known in the United States as the
94:
60:
3094:"Venom attracts decapitating flies"
2687:
2605:"Lizards' Dance Avoids Deadly Ants"
2307:Murphy, Damien (13 December 2014).
1880:
1660:International Journal of Toxicology
1500:Red imported fire ants in Australia
981:
914:(having multiple queens per nest).
661:, which includes over 200 species.
239:
220:
215:
201:
184:
177:
160:
144:
113:
101:
13:
3410:
2802:
2678:
2603:Bryner, Jeanna (26 January 2009).
2482:
2447:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2002.tb04548.x
2404:McDonald, Maggie (February 2006).
2026:
1847:
1809:
1166:treatments include the anesthetic
996:Sign for the Fire Ant Festival in
886:, often near moist areas, such as
855:Fire ants have been known to form
708:; for example, several species of
389:
49:
3793:
3443:
3278:Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
3243:Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
3156:Ellison, DM; Gotelli, NJ (2009).
2390:10.13102/sociobiology.v60i1.50-55
1553:
957:
104:Revision as of 19:25, 8 June 2024
3463:
3449:
3341:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.03.018
3063:10.1097/00000433-199806000-00007
2551:Condon, Matthew (27 July 2013).
2435:The Medical Journal of Australia
2212:"Abundance of the Parasitic Ant
1263:. Some 110 species of the genus
503:
422:
3363:
3320:
3269:
3234:
3190:
3113:
3042:
3020:
2998:
2964:
2921:
2870:
2776:New England Journal of Medicine
2767:
2723:
2596:
2570:
2544:
2513:
2476:
2422:
2397:
2358:
2328:
2300:
2245:
2203:
2165:Psyche: A Journal of Entomology
2152:
2128:
2087:
2072:
1993:
1967:
1941:
1901:
830:, a compound from the class of
3162:Journal of Experimental Botany
2702:10.1007/978-94-007-6649-5_38-1
2642:Emergency Medicine Australasia
1769:
1742:
1647:
1625:
1574:
1547:
1239:; two species in this family (
1068:were confirmed, including the
704:nor exclusively to species of
1:
2694:Venom Genomics and Proteomics
2483:Oi, David H. (25 June 2008).
2094:Tschinkel, Walter R. (1987).
2050:10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.11.428
1505:
731:
385:
319:
283:
3255:10.1016/0022-2011(92)90133-O
3212:10.1603/0013-8746-101.6.1162
2942:10.1016/0024-3205(93)90546-F
2733:Journal of Proteome Research
2000:Gorman, James (2018-08-16).
1187:
1102:Sting symptoms and treatment
852:extremely low temperatures.
637:
18:Browse history interactively
7:
3385:10.4289/0013-8797.120.2.308
2788:10.1056/NEJM199008163230707
2690:"Venom Toxins of Fire Ants"
2365:Wetterer, James K. (2013).
2344:Australian Associated Press
1473:
797:
778:with two nodes, an unarmed
673:reflect this, for example,
335:''Solenopsis''; for example
10:
3798:
3777:Insects of Central America
2838:10.1038/s41598-018-32327-z
1485:Ants of medical importance
1380:List of Solenopsis species
1377:
1373:
1118:structurally derived from
985:
966:
393:
151:
149:
3490:
3290:10.1016/j.jip.2018.07.009
2492:World Health Organization
1607:"Fire ant identification"
933:Queens, males and workers
636:
629:
618:
611:
500:Scientific classification
498:
489:
413:
404:Fire ant (disambiguation)
250:
247:
183:
100:
2220:Environmental Entomology
1728:Texas A&M University
1582:"Wasmannia auropunctata"
948:
669:ants, and most of their
297:the colloquial names for
133:Extended confirmed users
3028:"Insects and Scorpions"
2974:Small animal toxicology
2655:10.1111/1742-6723.14165
2278:10.1126/science.1198734
1443:Solenopsis solenopsidis
1324:) and various kinds of
1259:in its native range in
648:are several species of
345:are colloquially called
99:
2896:10.1186/1710-1492-9-25
1763:10.1093/aesa/60.5.1007
1673:10.1080/10915810305090
1363:Metarhizium anisopliae
1352:entomopathogenic fungi
1228:
1215:
1201:
1111:
1000:
945:
882:Fire ants nest in the
807:
753:
741:
725:Wasmannia auropunctata
420:Early OligoceneâRecent
402:. For other uses, see
339:several species of ]s
299:several species of ]s
2521:"Service Unavailable"
2314:Sydney Morning Herald
2115:10.1093/aesa/80.2.263
1955:. London. August 2017
1833:10.1093/aesa/80.4.513
1433:Solenopsis silvestrii
1423:Solenopsis saevissima
1328:also trap many ants.
1257:red imported fire ant
1242:Pseudacteon tricuspis
1221:
1207:
1195:
1109:
1009:red imported fire ant
995:
988:Red imported fire ant
940:
805:
747:
739:
694:Pogonomyrmex barbatus
396:Pogonomyrmex barbatus
343:the genus '']'' in ]
303:the genus '']'' in ]
3635:Fauna Europaea (new)
3460:at Wikimedia Commons
3139:10.1653/024.094.0213
3126:Florida Entomologist
2232:10.1093/ee/26.5.1143
2214:Solenopsis daguerrei
1914:Florida Entomologist
1883:"Imported Fire Ants"
1881:Lockley, Timothy C.
1863:Animal Diversity Web
1857:Watt, Loren (2001).
1248:Pseudacteon curvatus
1224:Pseudacteon curvatus
975:Solenopsis daguerrei
748:Detail of the head (
2830:2018NatSR...814427Z
2501:on 22 February 2017
2270:2011Sci...331.1066A
2264:(6020): 1066â1068.
2178:10.1155/2012/398061
1889:on 30 December 2014
1777:Walter R. Tschinkel
1613:on 18 February 2014
1463:Solenopsis geminata
1413:Solenopsis richteri
1095:Solenopsis geminata
1037:Solenopsis geminata
845:Euglossa imperialis
750:Solenopsis geminata
620:Solenopsis geminata
3329:Biological Control
3175:10.1093/jxb/ern179
2818:Scientific Reports
2369:Solenopsis invicta
2367:"Exotic spread of
2254:Solenopsis invicta
2006:The New York Times
1467:(Fabricius, 1804)
1403:Solenopsis invicta
1357:Beauveria bassiana
1229:
1216:
1202:
1112:
1089:Solenopsis invicta
1005:Solenopsis invicta
1001:
946:
808:
754:
742:
679:tropical fire ants
316:2015}}</ref>
199:
111:
3764:
3763:
3522:Solenopsis (ICZN)
3484:Taxon identifiers
3454:Media related to
3435:978-3-540-52092-4
2936:(14): 1105â1112.
2745:10.1021/pr300451g
2346:. 8 December 2014
1859:"Lycaena rubidus"
1802:978-0-674-02207-2
1468:
1458:
1453:Solenopsis xyloni
1448:
1438:
1428:
1418:
1408:
1231:Phorid flies, or
1055:loss, as well as
643:
642:
607:
400:Red harvester ant
391:Genus of red ants
384:
291:to ''Solenopsis''
185:
102:
82:
39:
3789:
3782:Solenopsis (ant)
3757:
3756:
3744:
3743:
3734:
3733:
3721:
3720:
3718:NHMSYS0000876672
3708:
3707:
3695:
3694:
3682:
3681:
3669:
3668:
3656:
3655:
3643:
3642:
3630:
3629:
3617:
3616:
3604:
3603:
3591:
3590:
3578:
3577:
3565:
3564:
3552:
3551:
3539:
3538:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3479:
3478:
3468:Data related to
3467:
3453:
3439:
3422:Edward O. Wilson
3405:
3404:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3324:
3318:
3317:
3273:
3267:
3266:
3238:
3232:
3231:
3206:(6): 1162â1168.
3194:
3188:
3187:
3177:
3153:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3024:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3006:"Fire Ant Bites"
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2908:
2898:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2857:
2809:
2800:
2799:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2739:(9): 4643â4653.
2727:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2685:
2676:
2675:
2657:
2633:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2583:The Courier Mail
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2557:The Courier Mail
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2532:
2526:. Archived from
2525:
2517:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2500:
2489:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
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2420:
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2401:
2395:
2394:
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2362:
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2332:
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2325:
2323:
2321:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2226:(5): 1143â1148.
2207:
2201:
2200:
2190:
2180:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2140:fireant.tamu.edu
2132:
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2100:
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2020:
1997:
1991:
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1971:
1965:
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1939:
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1867:
1866:
1854:
1845:
1844:
1816:
1807:
1806:
1786:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1757:(5): 1007â1014.
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1725:
1716:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1692:. Archived from
1675:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1603:
1594:
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1589:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1518:
1466:
1456:
1447:(Kusnezov, 1953)
1446:
1436:
1426:
1416:
1406:
1343:, and the black
1160:over-the-counter
998:Ashburn, Georgia
982:Invasive species
919:Hurricane Harvey
894:shores, watered
867:butterflies. In
602:
508:
507:
494:
484:
421:
417:Temporal range:
411:
410:
237:
236:
233:
230:
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198:
193:
175:
174:
173:Android app edit
171:
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3529:
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3519:
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3505:
3504:
3499:
3486:
3446:
3436:
3418:Bert Hölldobler
3413:
3411:Further reading
3408:
3368:
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3004:
3003:
2999:
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2018:
2016:
1998:
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1803:
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1747:
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1616:
1614:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1587:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1562:on 2 April 2015
1552:
1548:
1538:
1536:
1519:
1512:
1508:
1476:
1471:
1382:
1376:
1341:tawny crazy ant
1190:
1175:diphenhydramine
1122:(also known as
1104:
1042:In the US, the
990:
984:
969:
960:
951:
935:
870:Lycaena rubidus
810:A typical fire
800:
734:
625:
624:Fabricius, 1804
622:
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3631:
3622:Fauna Europaea
3618:
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3579:
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3553:
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3512:
3496:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3476:
3475:
3474:at Wikispecies
3461:
3445:
3444:External links
3442:
3441:
3440:
3434:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3379:(2): 308â411.
3362:
3319:
3268:
3249:(3): 280â285.
3233:
3189:
3145:
3132:(2): 208â213.
3112:
3084:
3041:
3019:
2997:
2984:978-1455707171
2983:
2963:
2920:
2869:
2801:
2766:
2722:
2710:
2677:
2648:(4): 560â563.
2621:
2595:
2569:
2543:
2512:
2475:
2421:
2396:
2357:
2340:The Australian
2327:
2299:
2244:
2202:
2151:
2127:
2109:(2): 263â266.
2086:
2071:
2025:
1992:
1966:
1940:
1920:(3): 381â382.
1900:
1868:
1846:
1827:(4): 513â519.
1808:
1801:
1768:
1741:
1706:
1646:
1624:
1595:
1573:
1554:Reins, Dusty.
1546:
1509:
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1378:Main article:
1375:
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1326:pitcher plants
1189:
1186:
1182:hydrocortisone
1179:corticosteroid
1103:
1100:
1070:Lockyer Valley
983:
980:
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959:
958:Males (drones)
956:
950:
947:
934:
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876:Eurybia elvina
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758:mature insects
740:Fire ant mound
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720:Southeast Asia
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311:the two genera
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3057:(2): 137â42.
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2930:Life Sciences
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2533:on 2017-02-24
2529:
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2441:(11): 521â3.
2440:
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2413:
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2411:New Scientist
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2015:
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1789:Belknap Press
1787:. Cambridge:
1785:
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1783:The Fire Ants
1778:
1772:
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1760:
1756:
1752:
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1696:on 2021-04-27
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1234:
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1194:
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1172:antihistamine
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712:of the genus
711:
707:
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698:
696:
695:
690:
689:
688:Myrmica rubra
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
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639:
635:
632:
628:
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588:
587:Solenopsidini
585:
582:
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571:
568:
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323:None of these
321:
295:; for example
285:
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264:
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197:
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109:
105:
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55:Content added
47:
44:
36:
34:
33:
20:
3491:
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3456:
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3203:
3199:
3192:
3168:(1): 19â42.
3165:
3161:
3129:
3125:
3115:
3103:. Retrieved
3099:Science News
3097:
3087:
3054:
3050:
3044:
3032:. Retrieved
3022:
3010:. Retrieved
3000:
2988:. Retrieved
2973:
2966:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2886:
2882:
2872:
2824:(1): 14427.
2821:
2817:
2782:(7): 462â6.
2779:
2775:
2769:
2736:
2732:
2725:
2715:, retrieved
2693:
2645:
2641:
2612:. Retrieved
2609:Live Science
2608:
2598:
2586:. Retrieved
2582:
2572:
2560:. Retrieved
2556:
2546:
2535:. Retrieved
2528:the original
2515:
2503:. Retrieved
2496:the original
2478:
2466:. Retrieved
2438:
2434:
2424:
2415:
2409:
2399:
2380:
2376:Sociobiology
2374:
2368:
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2339:
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2312:
2302:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2235:. Retrieved
2223:
2219:
2213:
2205:
2168:
2164:
2154:
2143:. Retrieved
2139:
2130:
2118:. Retrieved
2106:
2102:
2089:
2080:
2074:
2041:
2037:
2017:. Retrieved
2005:
1995:
1983:. Retrieved
1980:Ars Technica
1979:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1952:
1943:
1931:. Retrieved
1917:
1913:
1903:
1891:. Retrieved
1887:the original
1862:
1824:
1820:
1782:
1771:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1732:. Retrieved
1698:. Retrieved
1694:the original
1663:
1659:
1649:
1637:. Retrieved
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1611:the original
1586:. Retrieved
1576:
1564:. Retrieved
1560:the original
1549:
1537:. Retrieved
1533:
1527:
1461:
1457:McCook, 1879
1451:
1441:
1431:
1421:
1411:
1401:
1393:
1385:
1383:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1350:A number of
1349:
1333:
1330:
1319:
1313:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1270:
1264:
1246:
1240:
1230:
1222:
1209:
1196:
1149:
1113:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1062:
1049:veterinarian
1041:
1036:
1004:
1002:
973:
970:
961:
952:
941:
928:
916:
881:
874:
868:
854:
850:
843:
839:
809:
794:for biting.
771:
770:
755:
749:
723:
713:
705:
701:
699:
692:
686:
682:
678:
674:
671:common names
662:
657:
656:
645:
644:
619:
613:Type species
597:
596:
408:
395:
3661:iNaturalist
3516:Wikispecies
3335:: 141â149.
3105:30 December
3012:30 December
2990:30 December
2614:30 December
2588:30 December
2562:30 December
2505:30 December
2468:30 December
2418:(2538): 50.
2350:30 December
2320:30 December
2237:30 December
2188:11449/73386
2120:30 December
1933:30 December
1893:30 December
1734:30 December
1666:(2): 81â6.
1639:30 December
1617:30 December
1566:30 December
1495:Bulldog ant
1437:Emery, 1906
1417:Forel, 1909
1407:Buren, 1972
1289:Pseudacteon
1271:Pseudacteon
1266:Pseudacteon
1253:parasitoids
1137:anaphylaxis
1124:solenopsins
888:river banks
857:mutualistic
832:piperidines
784:formic acid
710:weaver ants
675:ginger ants
638:201 species
573:Subfamily:
557:Hymenoptera
329:exclusively
241:Next edit â
232:Mobile edit
228:Visual edit
167:Mobile edit
46:Next edit â
3771:Categories
3705:solenopsis
3549:Solenopsis
3536:Solenopsis
3492:Solenopsis
3471:Solenopsis
3457:Solenopsis
2717:2018-12-07
2537:2017-06-20
2145:2019-04-13
2019:2019-01-17
1985:18 October
1700:2018-12-29
1528:Solenopsis
1522:Bolton, B.
1506:References
1490:Bullet ant
1394:Solenopsis
1390:thief ants
1386:Solenopsis
1384:The genus
1334:Solenopsis
1293:Solenopsis
1177:, and the
1168:benzocaine
1147:proteins.
1145:allergenic
1141:adrenaline
1120:piperidine
1051:bills and
942:Solenopsis
912:polygynous
865:Riodinidae
861:Lycaenidae
840:Solenopsis
828:solenopsin
812:ant colony
772:Solenopsis
732:Appearance
715:Oecophylla
706:Solenopsis
702:Solenopsis
663:Solenopsis
658:Solenopsis
598:Solenopsis
577:Myrmicinae
567:Formicidae
537:Arthropoda
333:species of
313:, however,
3393:0013-8797
3357:132021733
3349:1049-9644
3298:0022-2011
3284:: 73â76.
3263:0022-2011
3220:0013-8746
2950:0024-3205
2889:(1): 25.
2846:2045-2322
2753:1535-3893
2672:255469772
2383:: 53â63.
2197:0033-2615
2044:: 77â83.
2014:0362-4331
1959:30 August
1841:0013-8746
1480:Ant venom
1345:crazy ant
1337:thief ant
1279:hemolymph
1188:Predators
1156:aloe vera
1128:urticaria
1116:alkaloids
1053:livestock
1017:Australia
792:mandibles
780:propodeum
646:Fire ants
631:Diversity
523:Kingdom:
517:Eukaryota
116:GuccizBud
3570:BugGuide
3507:Q1075697
3501:Wikidata
3426:The Ants
3424:(1990).
3401:91162352
3314:51677575
3306:30017951
3228:83922482
3184:19213724
3079:39162329
3034:11 April
2915:23837799
2864:30258210
2761:22881118
2664:36596650
2463:33650493
2455:12064982
2294:28149214
2286:21350177
2171:: 1â10.
2066:54481057
2058:30529381
1779:(2006).
1690:23324548
1682:12745988
1524:(2014).
1474:See also
1233:Phoridae
1066:Brisbane
1029:Brisbane
821:alkaloid
798:Behavior
766:antennae
667:stinging
604:Westwood
563:Family:
533:Phylum:
527:Animalia
513:Domain:
414:Fire ant
251:Line 16:
248:Line 16:
126:contribs
70:Wikitext
3679:1290610
3653:9107211
3071:9662108
2958:8396703
2906:3711928
2855:6158280
2826:Bibcode
2796:2197555
2266:Bibcode
2258:Science
2038:Toxicon
1539:20 July
1374:Species
1321:Drosera
1309:Alabama
1255:of the
1211:Drosera
1164:topical
1132:pustule
1082:lizards
1074:Muirlea
967:Workers
900:highway
826:called
776:pedicel
683:red ant
652:in the
593:Genus:
583:Tribe:
553:Order:
547:Insecta
543:Class:
305:include
293:species
152:ââQueen
3738:NZOR:
3692:154237
3614:1SOLEG
3432:
3399:
3391:
3355:
3347:
3312:
3304:
3296:
3261:
3226:
3218:
3182:
3077:
3069:
2981:
2956:
2948:
2913:
2903:
2862:
2852:
2844:
2794:
2759:
2751:
2708:
2670:
2662:
2461:
2453:
2292:
2284:
2195:
2064:
2056:
2012:
1839:
1799:
1688:
1680:
1588:9 July
1534:AntCat
1305:Dallas
1303:, and
1301:Brazos
1297:Travis
1283:enzyme
1275:instar
1251:) are
1170:, the
1078:Goodna
1039:ants.
1033:Sydney
1025:Taiwan
904:timber
898:, and
762:thorax
606:, 1840
398:, see
325:common
138:17,438
81:Inline
63:Visual
3749:Plazi
3731:13685
3674:IRMNG
3666:67597
3627:80709
3601:33045
3575:30188
3397:S2CID
3353:S2CID
3310:S2CID
3224:S2CID
3075:S2CID
2668:S2CID
2531:(PDF)
2524:(PDF)
2499:(PDF)
2488:(PDF)
2459:S2CID
2290:S2CID
2099:(PDF)
2062:S2CID
1724:(PDF)
1686:S2CID
1021:China
949:Queen
923:Texas
896:lawns
824:venom
788:sting
654:genus
349:, but
140:edits
3726:NCBI
3700:MNHN
3687:ITIS
3648:GBIF
3609:EPPO
3588:7JFX
3562:1969
3557:BOLD
3430:ISBN
3420:and
3389:ISSN
3345:ISSN
3302:PMID
3294:ISSN
3259:ISSN
3216:ISSN
3180:PMID
3107:2014
3067:PMID
3036:2008
3014:2014
2992:2014
2979:ISBN
2954:PMID
2946:ISSN
2911:PMID
2860:PMID
2842:ISSN
2792:PMID
2757:PMID
2749:ISSN
2706:ISBN
2660:PMID
2616:2014
2590:2014
2564:2014
2507:2014
2470:2014
2451:PMID
2352:2014
2322:2014
2282:PMID
2239:2014
2193:ISSN
2169:2012
2122:2014
2054:PMID
2010:ISSN
1987:2022
1961:2017
1935:2014
1895:2014
1837:ISSN
1797:ISBN
1736:2014
1678:PMID
1641:2014
1619:2014
1590:2015
1568:2014
1541:2014
1360:and
1314:The
1245:and
1076:and
1057:crop
1023:and
908:dome
892:pond
884:soil
863:and
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