Taekwondo: Difference between revisions

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the Future of Martial Arts|access-date=18 February 2019|archive-date=1 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301054128/http://fightland.vice.com/blog/flying-kicks-the-roots-of-taekwondo-and-the-future-of-martial-arts|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Brief History of Taekwondo">{{cite news| url = http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LB&p_theme=lb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=10ADF88FD5D15A6B&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM| title = Brief History of Taekwondo| newspaper = Long Beach Press-Telegram| year = 2005| access-date = 2008-07-03| archive-date = 2011-08-15| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110815191959/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=LB&p_theme=lb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=10ADF88FD5D15A6B&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM| url-status = live}}</ref>

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3031:(delivering a strike using the closed fist), and pushes. In some smaller tournaments, and in the past, points were awarded by three corner judges using electronic scoring tallies. All major national and international tournaments have moved fully (as of 2017) to electronic scoring, including the use of electronic headgear. This limits corner judges to scoring only technical points and punches. Some believe that the new electronic scoring system reduces controversy concerning judging decisions, but this technology is still not universally accepted. In particular, the move to electronic headgear has replaced controversy over judging with controversy over how the technology has changed the sport. Because the headgear is not able to determine if a kick was a correct taekwondo technique, and the pressure threshold for sensor activation for headgear is kept low for safety reasons, athletes who improvised ways of placing their foot on their opponents head were able to score points, regardless of how true to taekwondo those techniques were. 708: 285:

Sik|author2=Lee, Kyong Myung | title = A Modern History of Taekwondo| publisher = Pogyŏng Munhwasa| location = Seoul| year = 1999| isbn = 978-89-358-0124-4}}</ref> Gyeorugi ({{IPA|ko|kjʌɾuɡi|}}), a type of full-contact ], has been an ] since 2000. In 2018, the ]n government officially designated Taekwondo as Korea's national martial art.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20180402000916 |title=Korea officially designates taekwondo as nat'l martial art |website=] |date=2 April 2018 |access-date=15 August 2022 |archive-date=15 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220815182913/https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20180402000916 |url-status=live }}</ref>

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octagon of similar size. Competitors are matched within gender and weight division—eight divisions for World Championships that are condensed to four for the Olympics. A win can occur by points, or if one competitor is unable to continue (knockout). However, there are several decisions that can lead to a win, as well, including superiority, withdrawal, disqualification, or even a referee's punitive declaration. Each match consists of three two-minute rounds, with one minute rest between rounds, though these are often abbreviated or shortened for some junior and regional tournaments. Competitors must wear a

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web|url=https://www.myactivesg.com/Sports/Taekwondo/Training-Method/Develop-Your-Game/Different-styles-of-Taekwondo|title=Different styles of Taekwondo|website=ActiveSG|access-date=2020-05-14|archive-date=2021-01-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120225319/https://www.myactivesg.com/Sports/Taekwondo/Training-Method/Develop-Your-Game/Different-styles-of-Taekwondo|url-status=live}}</ref> The major technical differences among taekwondo styles and organizations generally revolve around:

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2236: 9448: 3107: 2426: 5724: 819: 9391: 5710: 3803: 1684: 9401: 584: 2999: 1648:. While the Kukkiwon focus on the martial art and self-defence aspects of Kukki-Taekwondo, the WT promoted the sportive side, and its competitions employ a subset of the techniqes present in the Kukkiwon-style Taekwondo. For this reason, Kukkiwon-style Taekwondo is often referred to as WT-style Taekwondo, sport-style Taekwondo, or Olympic-style Taekwondo, though in reality the style is defined by the Kukkiwon, not the WT. 482: 2963: 85: 2346: 2640: 2333: 523: 3088:

match. If there is no score in the additional round, the winner is decided by superiority, as determined by the refereeing officials or number of fouls committed during that round. If a competitor has a 20-point lead at the end of the second round or achieves a 20-point lead at any point in the third round, then the match is over and that competitor is declared the winner.

2227:, Rhee adopted ITF-style Taekwondo within his chain of schools, but like the GTF later departed from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding Choi and the ITF. Rhee went on to develop his own style of taekwondo called Jhoon Rhee-style Taekwondo, incorporating elements of both traditional and ITF-style Taekwondo as well as original elements. 2118:(GTF) split from the ITF due to the political controversies surrounding the ITF; the GTF continues to practice ITF-style Taekwondo, however, with additional elements incorporated into the style. Likewise, the ITF itself split in 2001 and again in 2002 into three separate federations, headquartered in Austria, the United Kingdom, and Spain respectively. 379:] practiced by each style (called {{Korean|labels=no|hangul=형|rr=hyeong}}, {{Transliteration|ko|rr|pumsae}} {{Korean|labels=no|hangul=품새}}, or {{Transliteration|mr|tul}} {{Korean|labels=no|hangul=틀}}, depending on the style); these are sets of prescribed formal sequences of movements that demonstrate mastery of posture, positioning, and technique 368:] practiced by each style (called {{Korean|labels=no|hangul=형|rr=hyeong}}, {{Transliteration|ko|rr|pumsae}} {{Korean|labels=no|hangul=품새}}, or {{Transliteration|mr|tul}} {{Korean|labels=no|hangul=틀}}, depending on the style); these are sets of prescribed formal sequences of movements that demonstrate mastery of posture, positioning, and technique 6028: 1820:): sparring includes variations such as freestyle sparring (in which competitors spar without interruption for several minutes); seven-, three-, two-, and one-step sparring (in which students practice pre-arranged sparring combinations); and point sparring (in which sparring is interrupted and then resumed after each point is scored) 3155:(although they are required to wear approved foot and hand protection equipment, as well as optional head guards). This scoring system varies between individual organisations within the ITF; for example, in the TAGB, punches to the head or body score 1 point, kicks to the body score 2 points, and kicks to the head score 3 points. 6403:"General Choi, utilizing both his advanced education and Calligraphy skills that involved extensive knowledge of Chinese characters and language, searched for and later conceived of the new term Tae Kwon Do. This label more accurately reflected the shifting emphasis on the use of the legs for kicking" 2323:

Teukgong Moosool is a combat system developed in South Korea by the special forces units that is projected to stop the opponent as quickly as possible, although it was also used in sports competition. It is a hybrid style that mixes Taekwondo, Judo, Hapkido, Sanda (and other Chinese wushu styles) and

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It is a ] which was developed during the 1940s and 1950s by Korean martial artists with experience in martial arts such as ] and ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fightland.vice.com/blog/flying-kicks-the-roots-of-taekwondo-and-the-future-of-martial-arts|title=Flying Kicks: The Roots of Taekwondo and

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conserving the body's energy. He expanded on this principle with his advocacy of the "sine wave" technique. This involves raising one's centre of gravity between techniques, then lowering it as the technique is performed, producing the up-and-down movement from which the term "sine wave" is derived.

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Choi also advocated a "relax/strike" principle for taekwondo; in other words, between blocks, kicks, and strikes the practitioner should relax the body, then tense the muscles only while performing the technique. It is believed that the relax/strike principle increases the power of the technique, by

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as well as Chinese martial arts. For example, Choi observed that the kinetic energy of a strike increases quadratically with the speed of the strike, but increases only linearly with the mass of the striking object. In other words, speed is more important than size in terms of generating power. This

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A continuous point system is utilized in ITF competition, where the fighters are allowed to continue after scoring a technique. Excessive contact is generally not allowed according to the official ruleset, and judges penalize any competitor with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he

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At the end of three rounds, the competitor with most points wins the match. In the event of a tie, a fourth "sudden death" overtime round, sometimes called a "Golden Point", is held to determine the winner after a one-minute rest period. In this round, the first competitor to score a point wins the

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The World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) also refers to the commandments of the Hwarang in the articulation of its taekwondo philosophy. Like the ITF philosophy, it centers on the development of a peaceful society as one of the overarching goals for the practice of taekwondo. The WT's stated philosophy

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Han Mu Do is a martial art developed by Koream practitioner Dr. Young Kimm, who founded the World Hanmudo Association to assure the preservation of his style. Its ideals are mostly based on the Han philosophy, mainly about the mind balance of the practitioner. Young Kimm studied Taekwondo, Tang Soo

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Hup Kwon Do is a hybrid style of Taekwondo created by a Malayan martial artist called Grandmaster Lee in 1989. He opened his first school in Penang, and originally developed this system as a self-defense technique, mixing Taekwondo with a multitude of other martial arts, such as Kendo, Bokken, Wado

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Discussions around the historical influences of Taekwondo have been controversial, with two main schools of thought: traditionalism and revisionism. Traditionalism holds that the origins of Taekwondo are indigenous while revisionism, the prevailing theory, argues that Taekwondo is rooted in karate.

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Han Moo Doo is a hybrid martial art created by Korean practitioner Yoon Sung Hwang in 1989, in Kahauva, Finland. Like other variations of Taekwondo, it first started out as a method of self-defense before spreading across Northern countries such as Sweden, Norway and Denmark. It combines Taekwondo

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The President was amazed and asked General Choi what the new martial art is called. President Rhee was a nationalist, hated the Japanese and would not approve the soldiers practicing Japanese martial arts such as Tang Soo Do or Korean Karate. Someone said to the President that it was Tang Soo Do.

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or forms, although this is not an Olympic event. Single competitors perform a designated pattern of movements, and are assessed by judges for accuracy (accuracy of movements, balance, precision of details) and presentation (speed and power, rhythm, energy), both of which receive numerical scores,

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Under World Taekwondo (WT, formerly WTF) and Olympic rules, sparring is a full-contact event, employing a continuous scoring system where the fighters are allowed to continue after scoring each technique, taking place between two competitors in either an area measuring 8 meters square or an

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Extreme Taekwondo is a hybrid style created in 2008, by Taekwondo practitioner Shin-Min Cheol, who also founded Mirime Korea in 2012, a production company that helped spreading his style. His company is based on promoting TKD tournaments, in a style which mixed other martial arts like Karate and

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The referee can give penalties at any time for rule-breaking, such as hitting an area not recognized as a target, usually the legs or neck. Penalties, called "Gam-jeom" are counted as an addition of one point for the opposing contestant. Following 10 "Gam-jeom" a player is declared the loser by

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Points are awarded for permitted techniques delivered to the legal scoring areas as determined by an electronic scoring system, which assesses the strength and location of the contact. The only techniques allowed are kicks (delivering a strike using an area of the foot below the ankle), punches

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Poomsae are patterns that demonstrate a range of kicking, punching and blocking techniques, kyorugi involves the kind of sparring seen in the Olympics, and gyeokpa is the art of breaking wooden boards. Taekwondo also sometimes involves the use of weapons such as swords and nun-chucks. Taekwondo

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Mass: the principle of bringing as much of the body to bear on a strike as possible; again using the turning kick as an example, the idea would be to rotate the hip as well as the leg during the kick in order to take advantage of the hip's additional mass in terms of providing power to the

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bodies for Taekwondo today are various branches of the ] (ITF), originally founded by ] in 1966, and the partnership of the ] and ] (WT, formerly World Taekwondo Federation or WTF), founded in 1972 and 1973 respectively by the ].<ref name="KANG">{{Cite book| last = Kang| first = Won

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with deductions made for errors. Pair and team competition is also recognized, where two or more competitors perform the same form at the same time. In addition to competition with the traditional forms, there is experimentation with freestyle forms that allow more creativity.

6432:"Interview with Nam Tae-Hi making it clear that Tae Kwon Do came from Korean Karate (also known as "Shotokan Karate," "Tang Soo Do" and "Kong Soo Do"). At a martial arts meeting in 1955, Choi presented a fictional argument connecting Taekwon-Do to Taekkyon, an old martial art" 3814:

may be used as prompts for commands or for counting repetition exercises. Different schools and associations will use different vocabulary, however, and may even refer to entirely different techniques by the same name. As one example, in Kukkiwon/WT-style Taekwondo, the term

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While organisations such as ITF or Kukkiwon define the general style of Taekwondo, individual clubs and schools tend to tailor their Taekwondo practices. Although each Taekwondo club or school is different, a student typically takes part in most or all of the following:

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There are a number of major Taekwondo styles as well as a few niche styles. Most styles are associated with a governing body or federation that defines the style. The major technical differences among taekwondo styles and organizations generally revolve around:

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There are two kinds of competition sparring: point sparring, in which all strikes are light contact and the clock is stopped when a point is scored; and Olympic sparring, where all strikes are full contact and the clock continues when points are scored.

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When sparring, padded equipment is usually worn. In the ITF tradition, typically only the hands and feet are padded. In the Kukkiwon/WT tradition, full-contact sparring is facilitated by the employment of more extensive equipment: padded helmets called

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Taekwondo is characterized by its emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping and spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques. In fact, WT sparring competitions award additional points for strikes that incorporate spinning kicks, kicks to the head, or both.

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as the new national academy for Taekwondo. Kukkiwon now serves many of the functions previously served by the KTA, in terms of defining a government-sponsored unified style of Taekwondo. In 1973 the KTA and Kukkiwon supported the establishment of the

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Reaction Force: the principle that as the striking limb is brought forward, other parts of the body should be brought backwards in order to provide more power to the striking limb. As an example, if the right leg is brought forward in a

1850:): the breaking of boards is used for testing, training, and martial arts demonstrations. Demonstrations often also incorporate bricks, tiles, and blocks of ice or other materials. These techniques can be separated into three types: 3021:, head protector, shin pads, foot socks, forearm guards, hand gloves, a mouthpiece, and a groin cup. Tournaments sanctioned by national governing bodies or the WT, including the Olympics and World Championship, use electronic 6548: 2157:. Among the refinements incorporated into this new sub-style is the "sine wave"; one of Choi Hong-hi's later principles of taekwondo is that the body's centre of gravity should be raised-and-lowered throughout a movement. 2046:. They used a number of different names such as Tang Soo Do (Chinese Hand Way), Kong Soo Do (Empty Hand Way) and Tae Soo Do (Foot Hand Way). Traditional Taekwondo is still practised today but generally under names like 354:

There are a number of major Taekwondo styles as well as a few niche styles. Most styles are associated with a governing body or federation that defines the style.<ref name="Different styles of Taekwondo">{{cite

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121: 1609:. As a response to this, along with political disagreements about teaching taekwondo in North Korea and unifying the whole Korean Peninsula, Choi broke with the (South Korea) KTA in 1966, in order to establish the 7273: 2907:

The emphasis on speed and agility is a defining characteristic of taekwondo and has its origins in analyses undertaken by Choi Hong-hi. The results of that analysis are known by ITF practitioners as Choi's

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The oldest governing body for Taekwondo is the ] (KTA), formed in 1959 through a collaborative effort by representatives from the nine original ], or martial arts schools, in Korea. The main international

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2279:, but the style itself is defined by the Kukkiwon, not by the WT, and the WT competition ruleset itself only allows the use of a very small number of the total number of techniques included in the style. 2889:

is that this goal can be furthered by adoption of the Hwarang spirit, by behaving rationally ("education in accordance with the reason of heaven"), and by recognition of the philosophies embodied in the

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Some ITF schools adopt the sine wave style, while others do not. Essentially all ITF schools do, however, use the patterns (tul) defined in the Encyclopedia, with some exceptions related to the forms

114: 7414: 3027:, electronic foot socks, and electronic head protectors to register and determine scoring techniques, with human judges used to assess and score technical (spinning) techniques and score punches. 7332: 7608: 15: 2899:(understanding change in the world as the interactions of the heavens, the Earth, and Man). The philosophical position articulated by the Kukkiwon is likewise based on the Hwarang tradition. 7363: 2064:

as a common term for their martial arts. As part of the unification process, The Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA) was formed through a collaborative effort by representatives from all the

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In later years, the Korean government has been a significant supporter of traditionalist views as to divorce Taekwondo from its link to Japan and give Korea a "legitimate cultural past".

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can no longer continue (although these rules vary between ITF organizations). At the end of two minutes (or some other specified time), the competitor with more scoring techniques wins.

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Initially, the South Korean president gave Choi's ITF limited support, due to their personal relationship. However, Choi and the government later split on the issue of whether to accept

6634: 2430: 2181:, a former Taekwondo instructor in the South Korean military, relocated to Omaha, Nebraska and established a chain of martial arts schools in the United States under the banner of the 7549: 6556: 2146:

The style of taekwondo practised by the ITF before its 1973 split with the KTA is sometimes called by ITF practitioners "Traditional Taekwondo", though a more accurate term would be

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Korean Kickboxing and it follows the Yin-Yang and five elements philosophy. Its origins date back to the 1960s–70s, but it was only introduced in special forces training in 1979.

6458:"Nam and General Choi faced a dilemma as they could not teach the Koreans Karate and call it Taekkyeon. They needed a new name urgently but the President liked the name Taekkyon" 3181:'s inter-university competitions, which have included separate WT rules sparring, ITF rules sparring, Kukkiwon patterns and Chang-Hon patterns events run in parallel since 1992. 2092:

that joined the unification is that of the Kukkiwon, with the notable exception of half the Oh Do Kwan which joined the ITF instead and therefore uses the Chan Hon curriculum.

157: 5995: 1628:. After his retirement, the ITF split in 2001 and then again in 2002 to create three separate ITF federations, each of which continues to operate today under the same name. 7491: 2306:

with other Korean martial arts like Hapkido and Hoi Jeon Moo Sool. It mixes striking and grappling techniques, and some schools also incorporate weapons training into it.

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Though weapons training is not a formal part of most taekwondo federation curriculum, individual schools will often incorporate additional training with weapons such as

7284: 1227:("the art or way"). In addition to its five tenets of courtesy, integrity, perseverance, self-control and indomitable spirit, the sport requires three physical skills: 7154: 3050:

scores 1 point. The punch must be a straight punch with arm extended; jabs, hooks, uppercuts, etc. are permitted but do not score. Punches to the head are not allowed.

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influence on the martial art. In 1972, South Korea withdrew its support for the ITF. The ITF continued to function as an independent federation, then headquartered in

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Concentration: the principle of bringing as many muscles as possible to bear on a strike, concentrating the area of impact into as small an area as possible.

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Different styles of Taekwondo adopt different philosophical underpinnings. Many of these underpinnings however refer back to the Five Commandments of the

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Speed: as previously noted, the speed of execution of a technique in taekwondo is deemed to be even more important than mass in terms of providing power.

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also function as a channel for the issuing of Kukkiwon dan and poom certification (black belt ranks) for their members. The official curriculum of those

1573:. During this time taekwondo was also adopted for use by the South Korean military, which increased its popularity among civilian martial arts schools. 7340: 3162:

Fouls in ITF sparring include: attacking a fallen opponent, leg sweeping, holding/grabbing, or intentional attack to a target other than the opponent.

2462:), which represents belt color. A belt color may have a stripe in it. Ranks typically count down from higher numbers to lower ones. For senior ranks (" 2200:(WTTU) to promote the practice of Songahm Taekwondo internationally. In 2015, all the spin-offs were reunited under the umbrella of ATA International. 7604: 1655:

and karate), and one of six total (the others being the previously mentioned, Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling, and boxing) included in the

6435: 6359:'No, it's T'aekkyon' the President countered. The president later instructed General Choi to teach the T'aekkyon martial art to more Korean soldiers. 2255:

the Kukkiwon became the new national academy for Taekwondo, thereby establishing a new "unified" style of Taekwondo. In 1973 the KTA established the

2025:, depending on the style); these are sets of prescribed formal sequences of movements that demonstrate mastery of posture, positioning, and technique 7355: 212: 133: 9437: 6468: 6350: 6251: 7643: 7624: 7086: 6626: 6129: 2185:(ATA). Like Jhoon Rhee Taekwondo, ATA Taekwondo has its roots in traditional taekwondo. The style of Taekwondo practised by the ATA is called 7674: 3040:), permitted but non-scoring techniques (such as a kick that strikes an arm), and not-permitted techniques (such as a kick below the waist). 7553: 7387: 5969: 9837: 3077:

As of October 2010, 4 points were awarded if a turning kick was used to execute this attack. As of June 2018, this was changed to 5 points.

1567:). The name was also the closest to the pronunciation of "taekkyon", The new name was initially slow to catch on among the leaders of the 2634: 7583: 2625:

are considered Grandmasters. Kukkiwon-issued ranks also hold an age requirement, with grandmaster ranks requiring an age of over forty.

6833: 2600:), are not yet allowed to issue ranks, and are generally thought of as still having much to learn. Instructors who hold a 4th. to 6th. 2267:

recognized the WT and Taekwondo sparring in 1980. For this reason, the Kukkiwon-defined style of Taekwondo is sometimes referred to as

5887: 2070:, and the work began on a common curriculum, which eventually resulted in the Kukkiwon and the Kukki Style of Taekwondo. The original 7499: 6863: 6099: 5991: 2752: 2436:

Taekwondo ranks vary from style to style and are not standardized. For junior ranks, ranks are indicated by a number and the term (

936: 5933: 1281:, or martial arts schools, in Korea. The main international organizational bodies for Taekwondo today are various branches of the 2252: 1632: 1591:

of the KTA to adopt his own Chan Hon-style of Taekwondo, as a unified style. This was, however, met with resistance as the other

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is a systematic, prearranged sequence of martial techniques that is performed either with or without the use of a weapon.

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After the 1973 split, Choi Hong-hi continued to develop and refine the style, ultimately publishing his work in his 1983

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Breath Control: the idea that during a strike one should exhale, with the exhalation concluding at the moment of impact.

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Competitors are penalized with disqualification if they injure their opponent and he can no longer continue (knockout).

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Speed breaking – boards are held loosely by one edge, putting special focus on the speed required to perform the break

1644:(WTF), which later changed its name to "World Taekwondo" (WT) in 2017 due to the previous initialism overlapping with 1603:, to serve as a way to bring on the heritage and characteristics of all of the styles, not just the style of a single 620: 9076: 8930: 8763: 7667: 2197: 2121:

The GTF and all three ITFs practice Choi's ITF-style Taekwondo. In ITF-style Taekwondo, the word used for "forms" is

685: 667: 565: 509: 9066: 9049: 9044: 8895: 8088: 3251: 1312: 168: 6961: 1437:, and urged martial arts to be introduced to the army under a single system. Beginning in 1955 the leaders of the 7465: 5696: 2264: 2076:

that formed KTA continues to exist today, but as independent fraternal membership organizations that support the

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which was developed during the 1940s and 1950s by Korean martial artists with experience in martial arts such as

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Do, Kuk Sul, Hapkido, Korean Judo and Kum Do, mixing all of their techniques together to create his own style.

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or KTA) was established to facilitate the unification of Korean martial arts. Choi wanted all the other member

1535: 1012: 605: 8633: 7303: 9039: 9024: 3215: 2219:, upon graduating from college in Texas, relocated to and established a chain of martial arts schools in the 1659:. It started as a demonstration event at the 1988 games in Seoul, a year after becoming a medal event at the 2651:

Three Korean terms may be used with reference to taekwondo forms or patterns. These forms are equivalent to

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as a historical referent. For example, Choi Hong-hi expressed his philosophical basis for taekwondo as the

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Students must pass tests to advance ranks, and promotions happen at variable rate depending on the school.

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Was an early name of taekwondo before Choi Hong-hi managed to convince the organization to adopt the name

1613:(ITF)— a separate governing body devoted to institutionalizing his Chan Hon-style of taekwondo in Canada. 141: 103: 9103: 9034: 2244: 2115: 1582: 1298: 1270: 7492:"AAU Taekwondo > Rules/Info > Rules Handbook > 2015 AAU Taekwondo Handbook Divided By Sections" 2986:). In Olympic taekwondo competitions, however, only sparring (using WT competition rules) is performed. 8003: 7576:"Paralympic Sports : Taekwondo｜The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games" 6947: 5965: 3240: 2256: 1663:, and became an official medal event at the 2000 games in Sydney. In 2010, taekwondo was accepted as a 601: 547: 495: 6691: 6457: 6343: 2682:) is the term usually used in Traditional Taekwondo (i.e., 1950s–1960s styles of Korean martial arts). 616: 9842: 9108: 5743: 2739:

Different taekwondo styles and associations (ATA, ITF, GTF, WT, etc.) use different taekwondo forms.

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refers to a long, low, front stance. Korean vocabulary commonly used in taekwondo schools includes:

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began discussing in earnest the possibility of creating a unified Korean martial art. Until then, "

9404: 9123: 8976: 8555: 8203: 8145: 8098: 8035: 5955: 5897: 3169:, and 'special techniques' (where competitors perform prescribed board breaks at great heights). 3166: 2975: 2189:. The ATA went on to become one of the largest chains of Taekwondo schools in the United States. 1823: 1343: 897: 594: 5869:

Kang, Won Sik; Lee, Kyong Myung (1999). A Modern History of Taekwondo. Seoul: Pogyŏng Munhwasa.

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In taekwondo schools—even outside Korea—Korean language commands and vocabulary are often used.

3195:(AAU) competitions are very similar, except that different styles of pads and gear are allowed. 8966: 7901: 5892: 5749: 3192: 1422: 1297:(WT, formerly World Taekwondo Federation or WTF), founded in 1972 and 1973 respectively by the 1273:(KTA), formed in 1959 through a collaborative effort by representatives from the nine original 205: 9811: 9739: 9724: 9470: 9057: 8465: 8135: 8118: 8113: 8040: 7996: 7575: 6274:"The Influence of Korean Nationalism on the Formational Process of T'aekwŏndo in South Korea" 2982:; some tournaments also include special events such as demonstration teams and self-defense ( 1545: 1398: 1381: 1026: 827: 80: 8753: 6841: 2139:, culture and religious philosophy. The GTF-variant of ITF practices an additional six tul. 1624:, Canada. Choi continued to develop the ITF-style, notably with the 1983 publication of his 9682: 9610: 9561: 8935: 8773: 8705: 8250: 8245: 8140: 8103: 8083: 8075: 8030: 7840: 7709: 7215: 5901: 5373: 5264: 4967: 4817: 4545: 4086: 3843: 2297:

Shimpo, Kickboxing and Karate. It is mainly governed by the World Hupkwondo Council (WHC).

1929: 1645: 1466:) was also used to describe a unified style Korean martial arts. This name consists of the 1385: 1263: 791: 713: 470: 8662: 1675: 1509: 1000: 978: 8: 9734: 9630: 9625: 9566: 9480: 9394: 9358: 9266: 9053: 8819: 8685: 8675: 8470: 8460: 8425: 8390: 8155: 8125: 8093: 7942: 7878: 7830: 7683: 6933: 6089: 5782: 5729: 3137:

2 points for Jumping kick to the body or kick to the head, or a jumping punch to the head

2917: 2103:(ITF)-style Taekwondo, more accurately known as Chang Hon-style Taekwondo, is defined by 1369: 755: 6605:

Martial Arts Instructors Desk Reference: A Complete Guide to Martial Arts Administration

3034:

Techniques are divided into three categories: scoring techniques (such as a kick to the

2040:"Traditional Taekwondo" refers to the 1940s and 1950s martial arts by the nine original 859: 9832: 9502: 9165: 9095: 8842: 8690: 8108: 6315: 6243: 5923: 5754: 3304: 3292: 1919: 1664: 1208: 641: 8815: 9807: 9652: 9390: 8956: 8915: 8450: 8262: 8255: 7124: 7010: 6665: 6608: 6322: 6247: 6235: 6194: 6069: 5870: 1853:

Power breaking – using straightforward techniques to break as many boards as possible

533: 7435: 6371: 2896: 9717: 9485: 6549:"Taekwondo set to join 2018 Commonwealth Games after 'category two' classification" 6227: 6094: 3316: 3256: 2885:

Modern ITF organizations have continued to update and expand upon this philosophy.

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involving punching and kicking techniques. The word Taekwondo can be translated as

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principle was incorporated into the early design of taekwondo and is still used.

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These tenets are further articulated in a taekwondo oath, also authored by Choi:

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Since 2000, Taekwondo has been one of three Asian martial arts (the others being

1641: 1331: 1303: 1294: 1195: 1174: 1046: 1040: 832: 802: 732: 6215: 9791: 9786: 9657: 9517: 9475: 9465: 9451: 9325: 9016: 8960: 8900: 8857: 8827: 8560: 8455: 8295: 8235: 8223: 8178: 8173: 7947: 7699: 6485: 5819: 5737: 5715: 3282: 3106: 1706: 1380:. These schools were established by Korean martial artists with backgrounds in 863: 501: 7060: 6273: 3091:

In addition to sparring competition, World Taekwondo sanctions competition in

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from the 29th Infantry Division. He misrecognized the technique on display as

9826: 9776: 9677: 9578: 9571: 9556: 9447: 9415: 9280: 9248: 9151: 8951: 8910: 8700: 8595: 8565: 8520: 8475: 8357: 8307: 8300: 8218: 7860: 7747: 6995:, 3rd ed. (Vol. 1, p. 122). Mississauga: International Taekwon-Do Federation. 6905: 6239: 5847: 5795: 3287: 3272: 3189: 2178: 1656: 1323: 917: 6164: 3819:

refers to an upright walking stance, while in ITF/Chang Hon-style Taekwondo

3118:(ITF) has sparring rules similar to the WT's, but they differ in some ways: 2943:

Equilibrium: maintaining a correct centre-of-balance throughout a technique.

1319:

government officially designated Taekwondo as Korea's national martial art.

61: 9757: 9692: 9662: 9635: 9605: 9593: 9539: 9534: 9261: 8971: 8925: 8847: 8805: 8768: 8720: 8667: 8575: 8515: 8415: 8352: 8342: 8285: 8019: 7967: 7896: 7891: 7835: 7817: 7767: 7520: 7404:"WORLD TAEKWONDO FEDERATION POOMSAE COMPETITION RULES & INTERPRETATION" 5799: 2913: 2712:) is the term officially used by Kukkiwon/WT-style and ATA-style Taekwondo. 2224: 2104: 1868: 1426: 1418: 1365: 1357: 1286: 1255: 1212: 883: 759: 200: 3177:

Some organizations deliver multi-discipline competitions, for example the

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The competition is not full contact, and excessive contact is not allowed.

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area that practiced Traditional Taekwondo. In the 1970s, at the urging of

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instead wanted a unified style to be created based on inputs from all the

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Light and medium-contact (ITF, ITC, ATKDA, GBTF, GTF, ATA, TI,TCUK, TAGB)

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tul. The names and symbolism of the Chang Hon tul refer to elements of

1944: 1933: 1683: 1430: 7652: 7377: 7333:"British taekwondo chief says new judging system is far from flawless" 6486:"World Taekwondo Federation changes name over 'negative connotations'" 3319:

are in effect due to the WT and ITF tournament rules and regulations:

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No single creator; a collaborative effort by representatives from the

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ITF World Junior & Senior Tournament Rules—Rules and Regulations

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World Taekwondo (WT) directly sanctions the following competitions:

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techniques to attain greater height, distance, or to clear obstacles

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Choi Hong-hi advocated the use of the name "Tae Kwon Do", replacing

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A technical kick (a kick that involves turning or spinning) to the

3062:

A regular kick (no turning or spinning) to the head scores 3 points

2971: 2937:, the right arm is brought backwards to provide the reaction force. 2431:

Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City

2248: 1859:

Special techniques – breaking fewer boards but by using jumping or

1793: 1636: 1434: 1308: 1290: 783: 7580:

The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games

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Cook, Doug (2006). "Chapter 3: The Formative Years of Taekwondo".

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List of Taekwondo techniques § Patterns, poomsae, hyung, tul

2612:), and are allowed to grade students to ranks beneath their own. 1956: 1952: 1719: 1621: 1391:

Early progenitors of taekwondo—the founders of the nine original

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Relative popularity of Kukkiwon-style Taekwondo around the world

9781: 9702: 9524: 9348: 9333: 9303: 9288: 9256: 9233: 9218: 9188: 9173: 9146: 8852: 8628: 8580: 8530: 8505: 7988: 7937: 7932: 2979: 2895:(the yin and the yang, i.e., "the unity of opposites") and the 2733: 2662: 2644: 2639: 2400: 2351: 2345: 2123: 1988: 1559: 1259: 968: 787: 6191:

Traditional Taekwondo: Core Techniques, History and Philosophy

30: 29: 8981: 8733: 8525: 8500: 7927: 7906: 7845: 7782: 7356:"Is that a kick? Taekwondo fighters devise new ways to score" 6619: 2338: 2332: 2142:

Within the ITF taekwondo tradition there are two sub-styles:

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The competition area is 9×9 meters for international events.

2728:) is the term usually used in ITF/Chang Hon-style Taekwondo. 1971: 9647: 9615: 9343: 9298: 9223: 9183: 8435: 8395: 8337: 8280: 8208: 7390:(7 October 2010, pp. 31–32). Retrieved on 27 November 2010. 6683: 3005: 2653: 2397:

The school or place where instruction is given is called a

2389: 2263:, WT) to promote the sportive side of Kukki-Taekwondo. The 1785: 1652: 1165: 1153: 1144: 1132: 1111: 1099: 1078: 893: 7466:"30 Years of the Student National Taekwondo Championships" 7205: 7023: 1123: 1087: 6010: 5390: 2251:. Under the sponsorship of the South Korean government's 2087: 2081: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2041: 1604: 1598: 1592: 1586: 1568: 1549: 1438: 1392: 1370: 1275: 1031: 3165:

ITF competitions also feature performances of patterns,

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In WT/Kukki-Taekwondo, instructors holding 1st. to 3rd.

1447:" was the term used for Korean karate, using the Korean 8620: 3806:

Some common taekwondo terminology and parts of the body

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are always worn, as are padded torso protectors called

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The ATA established international spin-offs called the

7641:

Kukkiwon's Guide to Technical Terminology in Taekwondo

6216:"Historical Views on the Origins of Korea's Taekwondo" 5837: 3101: 3044:

A punch that makes strong contact with the opponent's

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TKD, tae kwon do, tae kwon-do, taekwon-do, tae-kwon-do

220:(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown) 68: 6349:. Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements. 6149:

Park, S. W. (1993): About the author. In H. H. Choi:

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Titles can also come with ranks. For example, in the

2015: 1562: 1156: 1150: 1147: 1138: 1126: 1120: 1117: 1105: 1090: 1084: 1081: 1072: 313:

The governing body for Taekwondo in the ] and ] is ].

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The governing body for Taekwondo in the ] and ] is ].

6063: 5781:, which served as basis for styles practiced by the 5705: 3150: 3092: 3066: 3054: 3045: 3035: 3022: 3016: 3003: 2856: 2835: 2814: 2793: 2772: 2685: 2607: 2595: 2568: 2544: 2520: 2513:; "assistant instructor"), those holding 4th to 6th 2496: 2449: 2398: 2387: 2381: 2203: 2172: 2127:; the specific set of tul used by the ITF is called 1998: 1905: 1899: 1884: 1845: 1839: 1815: 1803: 1777: 1771: 1759: 1753: 1735: 1729: 1529: 1516: 1503: 1490: 1477: 1244: 1162: 1141: 1129: 1108: 1096: 1075: 6407:

General Choi Taekwon-do Association (India) website

2230: 1631:In 1972, the KTA and the South Korean government's 1554:) "fist", the term also used for "martial arts" in 1412: 1159: 1114: 1093: 608:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 7424: 7304:"New taekwondo scoring system reduces controversy" 6314: 2028:Differences in the sparring rules for competition. 1581:In 1959, the Korea Tang Soo Do Association (later 6465:Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements 6220:The International Journal of the History of Sport 1576: 1397:—who were able to study in Japan were exposed to 9824: 7605:Taekwondo World Qualification Tournament Outline 6317:A Killing Art: The Untold History of Tae Kwon Do 6193:. Boston: YMAA Publication Center. p. 19. 3203: 3172: 3053:A regular kick (no turning or spinning) to the 2928:The components of the Theory of Power include: 1269:The oldest governing body for Taekwondo is the 9445: 6985: 3074:A technical kick to the head scores 5 points. 2420: 2035: 1455: 9431: 8004: 7668: 4618:Inside-out heel kick or outside crescent kick 3110:Common styles of ITF point sparring equipment 2376:) uniform with a belt tied around the waist. 1348: 189: 4631:Outside-in heel kick or inside crescent kick 2878:I shall be a champion of freedom and justice 2850: 2844: 2829: 2823: 2808: 2802: 2787: 2781: 2766: 2760: 2723: 2707: 2701: 2677: 2671: 2580: 2574: 2556: 2550: 2532: 2526: 2508: 2502: 2474: 2443: 2437: 2412: 2406: 2371: 2365: 2020: 2009: 1992: 1910: 1893: 1878: 1872: 1833: 1827: 1809: 1797: 1765: 1747: 1741: 1723: 1522: 1496: 1483: 1470: 1461: 1356:Beginning in 1945, shortly after the end of 1188: 1178: 998: 996: 976: 974: 183: 6512: 6510: 5804: 5788: 3303:Taekwondo is also an optional sport at the 2912:. Choi based his understanding of power on 2358:A Taekwondo practitioner typically wears a 2327: 1977: 510:Learn how and when to remove these messages 9438: 9424: 8011: 7997: 7675: 7661: 7386:World Taekwondo Federation (Oct 7, 2010): 6993:Taekwon-Do: The Korean art of self-defence 6162: 6151:Taekwon-Do: The Korean art of self-defence 5824: 2872:I shall respect the instructor and seniors 2537:; "instructor"), those holding 7th to 8th 1421:witnessed a martial arts demonstration by 771: 469:"TKD" redirects here. For other uses, see 27: 7199: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6302: 6300: 6298: 6214:Park, Cindy; Kim, Tae Yang (2016-06-12). 3797: 2970:Taekwondo competitions typically involve 1966:Examinations to progress to the next rank 686:Learn how and when to remove this message 668:Learn how and when to remove this message 566:Learn how and when to remove this message 7004: 6546: 6507: 6064:Kang, Won Sik; Lee, Kyong Myung (1999). 5690: 3801: 3105: 2997: 2961: 2638: 2429:Exhibition of taekwondo students at the 2424: 2344: 2331: 2234: 1705: 1682: 1674: 1322:The governing body for Taekwondo in the 1243:practitioners wear a uniform known as a 28: 9003: 7682: 7353: 7187:from the original on September 28, 2014 7067:from the original on September 11, 2014 6664:. International Taekwon-Do Federation. 6655: 6653: 6651: 6356:from the original on December 1, 2017. 6213: 5592:...also Sparring (Chang Hon/ITF-style) 3198: 2869:I shall observe the tenets of taekwondo 2253:Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism 1633:Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism 462:Revision as of 02:26, 18 September 2024 337: 330: 142:Revision as of 02:26, 18 September 2024 104:Revision as of 00:20, 17 September 2024 9825: 7586:from the original on 14 September 2018 7388:Competition rules & interpretation 7157:from the original on September 3, 2014 6528:from the original on September 3, 2014 6474:from the original on December 1, 2017. 6312: 6295: 6059: 6057: 6055: 6053: 6051: 6049: 6047: 6045: 3184: 3134:1 point for Punch to the body or head. 2594:are considered assistant instructors ( 403:in the sparring rules for competition. 392:in the sparring rules for competition. 116:2605:ba00:4138:505:4c64:f5eb:2828:148b 9419: 9002: 8063: 7992: 7656: 7420:from the original on October 2, 2017. 7398: 7396: 7301: 7240: 7238: 7236: 7234: 7232: 6694:from the original on October 23, 2020 5767: 4323:Ridge hand (lit. reverse hand blade) 3212:World Taekwondo Poomsae Championships 3140:3 points for Jumping kick to the head 3122:Hand attacks to the head are allowed. 2318: 2058:was agreed upon by the nine original 1710:A young red/black-belt performs Koryo 1701: 1302: 1194: 1045: 543:Page numbers for some sources needed. 7262:from the original on August 9, 2017. 7214:. WorldTaekwondo.org. Archived from 7029: 6659: 6648: 6188: 6156: 6143: 3263: 3230:World Taekwondo Junior Championships 3179:British Student Taekwondo Federation 2282: 1892:Throwing and/or falling techniques ( 1782:): these serve the same function as 1289:in 1966, and the partnership of the 606:adding citations to reliable sources 577: 516: 475: 94: 60: 9838:Games and sports introduced in 1955 7206:World Taekwondo Federation (2004). 6724:from the original on August 7, 2012 6602: 6596: 6102:from the original on 15 August 2022 6042: 5972:from the original on 9 January 2017 5936:from the original on 21 August 2017 3310: 3248:World Taekwondo Beach Championships 3226:World Taekwondo Cadet Championships 3116:International Taekwon-Do Federation 3102:International Taekwon-Do Federation 2881:I shall build a more peaceful world 2643:A demonstration at Kuopio-halli in 2628: 2606:are considered master instructors ( 2561:; "master"), and those holding 9th 2487:International Taekwon-Do Federation 2101:International Taekwon-Do Federation 2096:1966: ITF/Chang Hon-style Taekwondo 1611:International Taekwon-Do Federation 1283:International Taekwon-Do Federation 455:=== 1946: Traditional Taekwondo === 448:=== 1946: Traditional Taekwondo === 219: 211: 198: 182: 156: 139: 132: 127: 113: 101: 13: 8064: 7393: 7229: 6395: 6335: 6271: 3237:World Taekwondo Para Championships 3234:World Taekwondo Team Championships 3221:World Para Taekwondo Championships 2993: 2902: 1344:Korean martial arts § History 464: 49: 9874: 8931:Marine Corps Martial Arts Program 7634: 7521:"Main—World Taekwondo Federation" 5998:from the original on 1 March 2019 4833:Seogi (stance) or Jase (posture) 3268:These feature WT Taekwondo only: 3259:(debut in 2020 Tokyo Paralympics) 3010:), forearm guards and shin guards 2615:Rules of Taekwondo Promotion Test 2489:, instructors holding 1st to 3rd 2204:1970s: Jhoon Rhee-style Taekwondo 2198:World Traditional Taekwondo Union 2173:1969: ATA/Songahm-style Taekwondo 491:This article has multiple issues. 9446: 9399: 9389: 8896:Historical European martial arts 8018: 7472:from the original on 2 June 2018 7302:Gomez, Brian (August 23, 2009). 7041:from the original on 3 July 2017 6373:テコンドーの歴史も2千年？空手の親？消された創始者（1/3） 5722: 5708: 2479:or "degree" and counts upwards. 2466:" ranks), each rank is called a 2231:1972: Kukki-style / WT-Taekwondo 1991:practiced by each style (called 1417:In 1952, South Korean president 1413:Attempt to standardise Taekwondo 1068: 817: 706: 582: 521: 480: 9400: 7618: 7598: 7568: 7542: 7531:from the original on 2014-09-03 7513: 7484: 7458: 7449: 7366:from the original on 2017-10-02 7347: 7325: 7295: 7266: 7169: 7139: 7109: 7079: 7053: 6998: 6971: 6954: 6940: 6926: 6912: 6898: 6884: 6870: 6856: 6826: 6796: 6766: 6736: 6706: 6676: 6637:from the original on 2021-01-20 6627:"Different styles of Taekwondo" 6571: 6540: 6496:from the original on 2019-10-02 6478: 6449: 6438:from the original on 2019-07-01 6424: 6413:from the original on 2019-06-05 6384:from the original on 2022-06-20 6364: 6284:from the original on 2020-10-25 6265: 6254:from the original on 2023-04-03 6207: 6182: 6171:from the original on 2017-07-09 6132:from the original on 2019-06-20 6114: 6031:from the original on 2011-08-15 5820:YMCA Kwon Bop Bu/Chang Moo Kwan 5697:List of Taekwondo practitioners 3084:referee's punitive declaration 2957: 2265:International Olympic Committee 805:) (demonstration sport in 1988) 593:needs additional citations for 499:or discuss these issues on the 7281:martialartsweaponstraining.com 6547:Williams, Bob (23 June 2010). 6455: 6344:"Taekwon-do: A Broken Family?" 6341: 6082: 5984: 5948: 5916: 5880: 5863: 2875:I shall never misuse taekwondo 2851: 2845: 2830: 2824: 2809: 2803: 2788: 2782: 2767: 2761: 2724: 2708: 2702: 2678: 2672: 2581: 2575: 2557: 2551: 2533: 2527: 2509: 2503: 2444: 2438: 2413: 2407: 2372: 2366: 2291: 2183:American Taekwondo Association 2021: 2010: 1993: 1943:A focus on mental and ethical 1911: 1894: 1879: 1873: 1834: 1828: 1810: 1798: 1766: 1748: 1742: 1724: 1577:Development of multiple styles 1451:pronunciation of the Japanese 1401:, including karate, judo, and 1189: 1179: 997: 975: 1: 6232:10.1080/09523367.2016.1233867 6066:A Modern History of Taekwondo 5856: 3216:World Taekwondo Championships 3002:Official WT trunk protector ( 2966:Sparring in a taekwondo class 2742: 2300: 1926:workout, including stretching 1285:(ITF), originally founded by 460: 419: 408: 395: 384: 371: 360: 275: 262: 7121:Worldtaekwondofederation.net 6979:"Teuk Gong Moo Sool Germany" 6838:Worldtaekwondofederation.net 6122:"Korea: Korean Martial Arts" 6021:"Brief History of Taekwondo" 5961:Cambridge English Dictionary 5579:Sparring (Kukkiwon/WT-style) 4908:...also Horse-riding Stance 4296:Spear hand (lit. fingertip) 3204:World Taekwondo competitions 3173:Multi-discipline competition 3149:Competitors do not wear the 2309: 2194:Songahm Taekwondo Federation 1693:List of Taekwondo techniques 18:Browse history interactively 7: 9858:Sports originating in Korea 6380:(in Japanese). 2021-07-23. 6068:. Seoul: Pogyŏng Munhwasa. 5701: 5391: 4944:Gyocha lib seogi (or jase) 4894:...also Horse-riding Stance 4768:Dwi dollyeo hulyeogi chagi 3151: 3093: 3067: 3055: 3046: 3036: 3023: 3017: 3004: 2891: 2857: 2836: 2815: 2794: 2773: 2692: 2686: 2621: 2608: 2602: 2596: 2590: 2569: 2563: 2545: 2539: 2521: 2515: 2497: 2491: 2469: 2450: 2421:Ranks, belts, and promotion 2399: 2388: 2382: 2360: 2245:Korea Taekwondo Association 2116:Global Taekwondo Federation 2088: 2082: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2042: 2036:1946: Traditional Taekwondo 2016: 2005: 1999: 1906: 1900: 1885: 1846: 1840: 1816: 1804: 1784: 1778: 1772: 1760: 1754: 1736: 1730: 1687:A jumping reverse hook kick 1670: 1605: 1599: 1593: 1587: 1583:Korea Taekwondo Association 1569: 1563: 1550: 1540: 1530: 1517: 1504: 1491: 1478: 1439: 1393: 1371: 1299:Korea Taekwondo Association 1276: 1271:Korea Taekwondo Association 1245: 1032: 1018: 541:. The specific problem is: 10: 9879: 7611:February 19, 2018, at the 7525:World Taekwondo Federation 7035:The Tenants Of Tae Kwon Do 6662:Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do 6165:"The History of Taekwondo" 5966:Cambridge University Press 5694: 3245:World Taekwondo Grand Slam 3241:World Taekwondo Grand Prix 2632: 2257:World Taekwondo Federation 2207: 2109:Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do 1690: 1679:Flying twin foot side kick 1642:World Taekwondo Federation 1626:Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do 1341: 1337: 1307:), a type of full-contact 1223:("strike with hand"), and 758:, initially supervised by 468: 190:→‎Styles and organizations 187: 9853:Mixed martial arts styles 9800: 9750: 9458: 9385: 9322: 9277: 9207: 9162: 9092: 9013: 9009: 8998: 8944: 8876: 8814: 8719: 8661: 8619: 8491: 8376: 8328: 8271: 8154: 8074: 8070: 8059: 8026: 7920: 7877: 7859: 7816: 7738: 7690: 6025:Long Beach Press-Telegram 5744:Tae Kwon Do Life Magazine 5358: 5249: 4952: 4802: 4530: 4071: 3828: 3765: 3743: 3724: 3721: 3689:ITF Female Championships 3688: 3654: 3632: 3613: 3610: 3577: 3560: 3526: 3513: 3500: 3478: 3456: 3446: 3399: 3377: 3324: 2718:(officially romanized as 2619:Those who hold a 7th–9th 2475: 2155:Encyclopedia of Taekwondo 2148:Traditional ITF Taekwondo 1523: 1497: 1484: 1471: 1462: 1460:. The name "Tae Soo Do" ( 1456: 1315:since 2000. In 2018, the 1196:[t̪ʰɛ.k͈wʌ̹n.d̪o] 1047:[t̪ʰɛ.k͈wʌ̹n.d̪o] 1039: 1025: 1011: 999: 989: 977: 967: 962: 942: 929: 916: 908: 903: 889: 879: 869: 855: 850: 839: 825: 816: 797: 778: 766: 750: 742: 728: 720: 712:A taekwondo match at the 705: 321: 318: 227: 224: 138: 100: 7360:sandiegouniontribune.com 6372: 5760: 4930:Sagolib seogi (or jase) 4903:Gimalip seogi (or jase) 4861:Jeongul seogi (or jase) 4670:...also Roundhouse kick 4626:An-eseo bakk-eulo chagi 3972:Turn around / About face 2753:Five Tenets of Taekwondo 2328:Equipment and facilities 2208:Not to be confused with 2031:Martial arts philosophy. 1978:Styles and organizations 9128:Former official sports 8556:Northern Praying Mantis 8131:Mainland Southeast Asia 5898:Oxford University Press 4605:...also Front snap kick 4592:...also Front snap kick 3578:ITF Male Championships 3131:The scoring system is: 2273:Olympic-style Taekwondo 1963:, and leadership skills 1869:Self-defense techniques 99: 8967:Professional wrestling 8634:Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu 7902:Sib Pal Gi Association 7337:morethanthegames.co.uk 6804:"The Jhoon Rhee Story" 6718:Itf-administration.com 6660:Choi, Hong Hi (1983). 6579:"WT Competition Rules" 5893:OxfordDictionaries.com 5750:Taekwondo student oath 4875:Hugul seogi (or jase) 4847:Junbi seogi (or jase) 4747:...also Spin Back kick 4695:...also Snap Side kick 4022:Guryeong-e majchwoseo 3807: 3798:Taekwondo Korean terms 3193:Amateur Athletic Union 3111: 3011: 2967: 2648: 2433: 2355: 2342: 2240: 1974:, knives, and sticks. 1936:exercises, as well as 1790:in the study of karate 1711: 1688: 1680: 1646:an internet slang term 1219:("strike with foot"), 909:Country or region 9863:Summer Olympic sports 9812:Winter Olympic sports 9740:Greco-Roman wrestling 9452:Summer Olympic sports 9063:Demonstration sports 7432:"itf-information.com" 7292:(24 June 2017, p. 38) 7177:"ITF Theory of Power" 7147:"Kukkiwon Philosophy" 7097:on September 11, 2014 7032:"Grand Master, Ph.D." 6784:on September 28, 2014 6603:Kim, Sang H. (2002). 6313:Gillis, Alex (2008). 5691:Notable practitioners 5537:Studio / School / Gym 5327:Student or Color Belt 4889:Gima seogi (or jase) 4644:Stretching front kick 4639:Baggeso aneuro chagi 4107:Attack / Strike / Hit 3805: 3109: 3001: 2965: 2642: 2428: 2348: 2335: 2269:Sport-style Taekwondo 2238: 1709: 1686: 1678: 1482:"to stomp, trample", 1399:Japanese martial arts 1349:Emergence of various 772:notable practitioners 9751:Discretionary sports 9323:Martial arts at the 9278:Martial arts at the 9208:Martial arts at the 9163:Martial arts at the 9143:Invitational sports 9093:Martial arts at the 9014:Martial arts at the 8936:Pencak Silat Harimau 8774:Pencak Silat Harimau 8706:Submission wrestling 8411:Luta Livre esportiva 7841:Korean swordsmanship 7710:Hapki Kochido Musool 7625:ITF TOURNAMENT RULES 7362:. Associated Press. 7343:on 26 December 2010. 6991:Choi, H. H. (1993): 6962:"Teuk Gong Moo Sool" 6880:. 23 September 2016. 6814:on February 18, 2015 6714:"ITF United Kingdom" 5670:Sam su sig daelyeon 5374:Revised Romanization 5359:Other/Miscellaneous 5265:Revised Romanization 4988:Backing up / retreat 4968:Revised Romanization 4953:Technique Direction 4818:Revised Romanization 4703:Yeop ppeod-eo chagi 4652:Ap ppeod-eo olli gi 4546:Revised Romanization 4425:Hoengjin gong gyeog 4087:Revised Romanization 3844:Revised Romanization 3199:List of competitions 2843:Indomitable spirit ( 2054:. In 1959, the name 1536:Revised Romanization 1386:Chinese martial arts 1264:Chinese martial arts 1013:Revised Romanization 792:Chinese martial arts 767:Famous practitioners 714:2020 Summer Olympics 602:improve this article 548:improve this article 537:to meet Knowledge's 471:TKD (disambiguation) 9848:Korean martial arts 9735:Freestyle wrestling 9631:Rhythmic gymnastics 9626:Artistic gymnastics 9004:International games 8686:Full contact karate 8676:Professional boxing 8391:Brazilian jiu-jitsu 7943:Kwan (martial arts) 7879:Hybrid martial arts 7831:Korean fighting fan 7684:Korean martial arts 7556:on 15 February 2019 7413:. October 1, 2017. 7255:. October 1, 2017. 7127:on November 3, 2014 6934:"What Is Han Mu Do" 6864:"Extreme Taekwondo" 6844:on October 31, 2014 6754:on January 23, 2020 5783:original nine Kwans 5730:Martial arts portal 5661:Three step sparring 5656:il su sig daelyeon 5179:Jumping / 2nd level 5016:Reverse (hand/foot) 4935:Cross legged stance 4880:Horse-riding Stance 4485:2 finger spear hand 4471:1 finger spear hand 3958:Rest / Take a break 3185:Other organizations 2111:published in 1983. 1362:Japanese occupation 828:governing body 813: 756:original nine Kwans 702: 9166:Pan American Games 8843:Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu 8754:Jieitaikakutōjutsu 8691:Mixed martial arts 7646:2015-11-23 at the 7061:"ITF More Culture" 6908:. 12 October 2023. 6583:WorldTaekwondo.org 6559:on 16 October 2010 6518:"Kukkiwon History" 6126:www.koreaorbit.com 5904:on January 9, 2017 5755:Taekwondo in India 5483:Informal thank you 5193:Hopping / Skipping 5174:Bakk-eseo an-eulo 5161:An-eseo bakk-eulo 5002:Sideways/laterally 4786:Reverse round kick 4755:Dwi dollyeo chagi 4613:Ap ppeod-eo chagi 4513:Double hammer fist 4242:Knife hand (edge) 3808: 3700:Adults (18–39 yrs) 3589:Adults (18–39 yrs) 3305:Commonwealth Games 3293:Pan American Games 3112: 3012: 2968: 2649: 2585:; "grandmaster"). 2434: 2356: 2343: 2319:Teuk Gong Moo Sool 2277:WT-style Taekwondo 2241: 2131:. Choi defined 24 2080:and Kukkiwon. The 1712: 1702:Typical curriculum 1689: 1681: 1665:Commonwealth Games 1209:Korean martial art 811: 700: 466:Korean martial art 154: 111: 9820: 9819: 9808:Paralympic sports 9653:Modern pentathlon 9481:Marathon Swimming 9413: 9412: 9381: 9380: 9377: 9376: 8994: 8993: 8990: 8989: 8957:Martial arts film 7986: 7985: 7274:"Taekwondo Rules" 7037:. ITA Institute. 7030:S. Benko, James. 7007:Kukkiwon Textbook 7005:Kukkiwon (2005). 6878:"About Hupkwondo" 6200:978-1-59439-066-1 6075:978-89-358-0124-4 5875:978-89-358-0124-4 5688: 5687: 5647:One step sparring 5605:...also Sparring 5442:Moment of silence 5428:Pay respect / bow 5354: 5353: 5285:Master instructor 5271:Founder/President 5245: 5244: 4948: 4947: 4798: 4797: 4721:...also hook kick 4677:Ap dollyeo chagi 4526: 4525: 4228:Knife hand (edge) 4067: 4066: 3918:Resume / Continue 3795: 3794: 3684: 3683: 3573: 3572: 3474: 3473: 3373: 3372: 3264:Other tournaments 2918:Newtonian physics 2283:Extreme Taekwondo 2259:(WTF, now called 2187:Songahm Taekwondo 1546:McCune–Reischauer 1423:South Korean Army 1304:[kjʌɾuɡi] 1061: 1060: 1027:McCune–Reischauer 958: 957: 860:Full-contact (WT) 809: 808: 743:Country of origin 696: 695: 688: 678: 677: 670: 652: 576: 575: 568: 539:quality standards 530:This article may 514: 459: 140: 102: 82: 39: 9870: 9843:Culture of Korea 9718:Beach volleyball 9459:Mandatory sports 9450: 9440: 9433: 9426: 9417: 9416: 9403: 9402: 9393: 9011: 9010: 9000: 8999: 8072: 8071: 8061: 8060: 8013: 8006: 7999: 7990: 7989: 7677: 7670: 7663: 7654: 7653: 7628: 7622: 7616: 7602: 7596: 7595: 7593: 7591: 7572: 7566: 7565: 7563: 7561: 7552:. Archived from 7546: 7540: 7539: 7537: 7536: 7517: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7507: 7498:. Archived from 7496:Aautaekwondo.org 7488: 7482: 7481: 7479: 7477: 7462: 7456: 7453: 7447: 7446: 7444: 7443: 7434:. Archived from 7428: 7422: 7421: 7419: 7408: 7400: 7391: 7384: 7375: 7374: 7372: 7371: 7351: 7345: 7344: 7339:. Archived from 7329: 7323: 7322: 7320: 7319: 7310:. Archived from 7299: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7283:. Archived from 7278: 7270: 7264: 7263: 7261: 7250: 7242: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7223: 7203: 7197: 7196: 7194: 7192: 7173: 7167: 7166: 7164: 7162: 7143: 7137: 7136: 7134: 7132: 7123:. Archived from 7117:"WTF Philosophy" 7113: 7107: 7106: 7104: 7102: 7093:. Archived from 7087:"ITF Philosophy" 7083: 7077: 7076: 7074: 7072: 7057: 7051: 7050: 7048: 7046: 7027: 7021: 7020: 7009:. Seoul: Osung. 7002: 6996: 6989: 6983: 6982: 6975: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6958: 6952: 6951: 6944: 6938: 6937: 6930: 6924: 6923: 6916: 6910: 6909: 6902: 6896: 6895: 6888: 6882: 6881: 6874: 6868: 6867: 6860: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6840:. Archived from 6830: 6824: 6823: 6821: 6819: 6810:. Archived from 6800: 6794: 6793: 6791: 6789: 6780:. Archived from 6770: 6764: 6763: 6761: 6759: 6750:. Archived from 6748:taekwondoitf.org 6740: 6734: 6733: 6731: 6729: 6710: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6699: 6680: 6674: 6673: 6657: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6642: 6623: 6617: 6616: 6607:. Turtle Press. 6600: 6594: 6593: 6591: 6589: 6575: 6569: 6568: 6566: 6564: 6555:. Archived from 6544: 6538: 6537: 6535: 6533: 6514: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6501: 6482: 6476: 6475: 6473: 6462: 6453: 6447: 6446: 6444: 6443: 6428: 6422: 6421: 6419: 6418: 6399: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6389: 6368: 6362: 6361: 6355: 6348: 6339: 6333: 6332: 6320: 6310: 6293: 6292: 6290: 6289: 6269: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6259: 6211: 6205: 6204: 6186: 6180: 6179: 6177: 6176: 6163:Glen R. Morris. 6160: 6154: 6147: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6137: 6118: 6112: 6111: 6109: 6107: 6098:. 2 April 2018. 6095:The Korea Herald 6086: 6080: 6079: 6061: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6036: 6017: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6003: 5988: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5952: 5946: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5920: 5914: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5900:. Archived from 5884: 5878: 5867: 5850: 5841: 5835: 5828: 5822: 5808: 5802: 5792: 5786: 5771: 5732: 5727: 5726: 5725: 5718: 5713: 5712: 5394: 5356: 5355: 5247: 5246: 5140:Other side/Twist 4950: 4949: 4800: 4799: 4531:Foot Techniques 4528: 4527: 4499:Double back fist 4196:Momtong jireugi 4072:Hand Techniques 4069: 4068: 4036:Guryeong eobs-i 3826: 3825: 3710:Veterans over 50 3705:Veterans over 40 3686: 3685: 3599:Veterans over 50 3594:Veterans over 40 3575: 3574: 3476: 3475: 3375: 3374: 3322: 3321: 3317:weight divisions 3311:Weight divisions 3257:Paralympic Games 3154: 3096: 3071:scores 4 points. 3070: 3059:scores 2 points. 3058: 3049: 3039: 3026: 3020: 3009: 2894: 2860: 2854: 2853: 2848: 2847: 2839: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2826: 2818: 2812: 2811: 2806: 2805: 2797: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2784: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2764: 2763: 2727: 2726: 2711: 2710: 2705: 2704: 2695: 2689: 2681: 2680: 2675: 2674: 2629:Forms (patterns) 2624: 2618: 2611: 2605: 2599: 2593: 2584: 2583: 2578: 2577: 2572: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2554: 2553: 2548: 2542: 2536: 2535: 2530: 2529: 2524: 2518: 2512: 2511: 2506: 2505: 2500: 2494: 2478: 2477: 2472: 2453: 2447: 2446: 2441: 2440: 2416: 2415: 2410: 2409: 2404: 2393: 2385: 2375: 2374: 2369: 2368: 2363: 2221:Washington, D.C. 2091: 2085: 2075: 2069: 2063: 2045: 2024: 2023: 2019: 2013: 2012: 2008: 2002: 1996: 1995: 1914: 1913: 1909: 1903: 1897: 1896: 1888: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1875: 1849: 1843: 1837: 1836: 1831: 1830: 1819: 1813: 1812: 1807: 1801: 1800: 1789: 1781: 1775: 1769: 1768: 1763: 1757: 1751: 1750: 1745: 1744: 1739: 1733: 1727: 1726: 1635:established the 1608: 1602: 1596: 1590: 1572: 1566: 1553: 1543: 1533: 1528: 1527: 1520: 1507: 1502: 1501: 1494: 1489: 1488: 1481: 1476: 1475: 1465: 1464: 1459: 1458: 1442: 1396: 1374: 1306: 1279: 1250: 1206: 1205: 1204: 1198: 1192: 1191: 1182: 1181: 1172: 1171: 1168: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1102: 1101: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1086: 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Machine 7603: 7599: 7589: 7587: 7574: 7573: 7569: 7559: 7557: 7548: 7547: 7543: 7534: 7532: 7519: 7518: 7514: 7505: 7503: 7490: 7489: 7485: 7475: 7473: 7464: 7463: 7459: 7454: 7450: 7441: 7439: 7430: 7429: 7425: 7417: 7411:World Taekwondo 7406: 7402: 7401: 7394: 7385: 7378: 7369: 7367: 7352: 7348: 7331: 7330: 7326: 7317: 7315: 7300: 7296: 7287: 7276: 7272: 7271: 7267: 7259: 7253:World Taekwondo 7248: 7244: 7243: 7230: 7221: 7219: 7208:"Kyorugi rules" 7204: 7200: 7190: 7188: 7175: 7174: 7170: 7160: 7158: 7145: 7144: 7140: 7130: 7128: 7115: 7114: 7110: 7100: 7098: 7085: 7084: 7080: 7070: 7068: 7059: 7058: 7054: 7044: 7042: 7028: 7024: 7017: 7003: 6999: 6990: 6986: 6977: 6976: 6972: 6964: 6960: 6959: 6955: 6946: 6945: 6941: 6932: 6931: 6927: 6918: 6917: 6913: 6904: 6903: 6899: 6890: 6889: 6885: 6876: 6875: 6871: 6866:. 30 June 2017. 6862: 6861: 6857: 6847: 6845: 6832: 6831: 6827: 6817: 6815: 6802: 6801: 6797: 6787: 6785: 6772: 6771: 6767: 6757: 6755: 6742: 6741: 6737: 6727: 6725: 6712: 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4552:Foot Techniques 4457:One finger fist 4269:Thrust / spear 4093:Hand Techniques 3945:Relax / At ease 3932:Return to ready 3829:Basic Commands 3812:Korean numerals 3800: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3493: 3488: 3480: 3392: 3387: 3379: 3337: 3332: 3313: 3266: 3206: 3201: 3187: 3175: 3104: 2996: 2994:World Taekwondo 2960: 2935:roundhouse kick 2910:Theory of Power 2905: 2903:Theory of power 2745: 2637: 2631: 2613: 2423: 2330: 2321: 2312: 2303: 2294: 2285: 2261:World Taekwondo 2233: 2213: 2210:Rhee Taekwon-Do 2206: 2175: 2098: 2078:World Taekwondo 2038: 1980: 1961:self-confidence 1704: 1695: 1673: 1579: 1510:way, discipline 1415: 1368:schools called 1354: 1346: 1340: 1332:World Taekwondo 1295:World Taekwondo 1200: 1199: 1137: 1104: 1071: 1067: 1051: 1050: 1007: 985: 851:Characteristics 833:World Taekwondo 803:World Taekwondo 716: 692: 681: 680: 679: 674: 663: 657: 654: 611: 609: 599: 587: 572: 561: 555: 552: 545: 526: 522: 485: 481: 474: 467: 456: 449: 440: 435: 428: 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9473: 9462: 9460: 9456: 9455: 9443: 9442: 9435: 9428: 9420: 9411: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9397: 9386: 9383: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9375: 9374: 9372: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9341: 9336: 9330: 9328: 9326:European Games 9320: 9319: 9317: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9291: 9285: 9283: 9275: 9274: 9272: 9271: 9270: 9269: 9264: 9259: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9215: 9213: 9205: 9204: 9202: 9201: 9196: 9191: 9186: 9181: 9176: 9170: 9168: 9160: 9159: 9157: 9156: 9155: 9154: 9149: 9141: 9140: 9139: 9134: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9100: 9098: 9090: 9089: 9087: 9086: 9085: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9072:Pistol dueling 9069: 9061: 9047: 9042: 9037: 9032: 9027: 9021: 9019: 9007: 9006: 8996: 8995: 8992: 8991: 8988: 8987: 8985: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8954: 8948: 8946: 8942: 8941: 8939: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8901:Huiyen Lallong 8898: 8893: 8888: 8882: 8880: 8874: 8873: 8871: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8858:Shorinji Kempo 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8830: 8828:American Kenpo 8824: 8822: 8812: 8811: 8809: 8808: 8803: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8777: 8776: 8766: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8741: 8736: 8730: 8728: 8717: 8716: 8714: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8672: 8670: 8659: 8658: 8656: 8655: 8648: 8643: 8636: 8631: 8625: 8623: 8617: 8616: 8614: 8613: 8608: 8603: 8598: 8593: 8588: 8583: 8578: 8573: 8568: 8563: 8561:Russian boxing 8558: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8503: 8497: 8495: 8489: 8488: 8486: 8485: 8484: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8393: 8388: 8382: 8380: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8334: 8332: 8326: 8325: 8323: 8322: 8321: 8320: 8315: 8308:Ranged weapons 8305: 8304: 8303: 8298: 8296:Stick-fighting 8293: 8291:Knife fighting 8283: 8277: 8275: 8269: 8268: 8266: 8265: 8260: 8259: 8258: 8253: 8248: 8243: 8238: 8228: 8227: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8198: 8197: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8162: 8160: 8152: 8151: 8149: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8122: 8121: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8080: 8078: 8068: 8067: 8065:Classification 8057: 8056: 8054: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8031:List of styles 8027: 8024: 8023: 8016: 8015: 8008: 8001: 7993: 7984: 7983: 7981: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7948:Muyedobotongji 7945: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7924: 7922: 7918: 7917: 7915: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7889: 7883: 7881: 7875: 7874: 7872: 7871: 7865: 7863: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7822: 7820: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7744: 7742: 7736: 7735: 7733: 7732: 7727: 7722: 7717: 7712: 7707: 7702: 7700:GongKwon Yusul 7696: 7694: 7688: 7687: 7680: 7679: 7672: 7665: 7657: 7651: 7650: 7636: 7635:External links 7633: 7630: 7629: 7627:, pages 21–22. 7617: 7597: 7567: 7541: 7512: 7483: 7457: 7448: 7423: 7392: 7376: 7346: 7324: 7294: 7290:on 2017-08-03. 7265: 7228: 7198: 7168: 7151:Kukkiwon.or.kr 7138: 7108: 7078: 7052: 7022: 7016:978-8973367504 7015: 6997: 6984: 6970: 6953: 6950:. 26 May 2023. 6939: 6925: 6911: 6897: 6883: 6869: 6855: 6825: 6795: 6765: 6735: 6705: 6675: 6647: 6618: 6595: 6570: 6539: 6522:Kukkiwon.or.kr 6506: 6492:. 2017-06-24. 6477: 6448: 6423: 6394: 6363: 6334: 6328:978-1550228250 6327: 6294: 6264: 6226:(9): 978–989. 6206: 6199: 6181: 6155: 6142: 6113: 6081: 6074: 6041: 6009: 5983: 5947: 5915: 5879: 5861: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5852: 5851: 5836: 5823: 5803: 5787: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5758: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5740: 5738:Para Taekwondo 5734: 5733: 5719: 5716:Society portal 5703: 5700: 5695:Main article: 5692: 5689: 5686: 5685: 5682: 5679: 5676: 5675:Board Breaking 5672: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5662: 5658: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5644: 5643: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5630: 5629: 5628:Jayu daelyeon 5626: 5623: 5620: 5616: 5615: 5612: 5609: 5606: 5602: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5589: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5576: 5575: 5572: 5569: 5566: 5562: 5561: 5558: 5555: 5552: 5548: 5547: 5544: 5541: 5538: 5534: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5520: 5519: 5516: 5513: 5510: 5506: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5496:You're welcome 5493: 5492: 5491:Gomabseubnida 5489: 5487: 5484: 5480: 5479: 5478:Gamsa habnida 5476: 5473: 5470: 5466: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5453: 5452: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5439: 5438: 5435: 5432: 5429: 5425: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5415: 5411: 5410: 5407: 5404: 5401: 5397: 5396: 5387: 5384: 5381: 5377: 5376: 5371: 5368: 5365: 5361: 5360: 5352: 5351: 5348: 5345: 5342: 5338: 5337: 5334: 5331: 5328: 5324: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5310: 5309: 5306: 5303: 5300: 5296: 5295: 5292: 5289: 5286: 5282: 5281: 5278: 5275: 5272: 5268: 5267: 5262: 5259: 5256: 5252: 5251: 5243: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5230: 5229: 5226: 5223: 5220: 5216: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5203: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5190: 5189: 5186: 5183: 5180: 5176: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5166:Outside inside 5163: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5153:Inside-outside 5150: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5137: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5124: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5111: 5110: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5097: 5096: 5093: 5090: 5087: 5083: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5069: 5068: 5065: 5062: 5059: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5048: 5045: 5041: 5040: 5037: 5034: 5031: 5027: 5026: 5023: 5020: 5017: 5013: 5012: 5009: 5006: 5003: 4999: 4998: 4995: 4992: 4989: 4985: 4984: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4974:Moving forward 4971: 4970: 4965: 4962: 4959: 4955: 4954: 4946: 4945: 4942: 4939: 4936: 4932: 4931: 4928: 4925: 4922: 4918: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4905: 4904: 4901: 4898: 4895: 4891: 4890: 4887: 4884: 4881: 4877: 4876: 4873: 4870: 4867: 4863: 4862: 4859: 4856: 4853: 4849: 4848: 4845: 4842: 4839: 4835: 4834: 4831: 4828: 4825: 4821: 4820: 4815: 4812: 4809: 4805: 4804: 4796: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4783: 4782: 4781:Mu reup chagi 4779: 4777: 4774: 4770: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4760:Spin hook kick 4757: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4744: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4731: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4718: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4705: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4692: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4666: 4665:Dollyeo chagi 4663: 4661: 4658: 4654: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4641: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4632: 4628: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4615: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4589: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4576: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4563: 4562: 4559: 4556: 4553: 4549: 4548: 4543: 4540: 4537: 4533: 4532: 4524: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4510: 4509: 4508:Jang gab gwon 4506: 4503: 4500: 4496: 4495: 4492: 4489: 4486: 4482: 4481: 4480:il ji gwan su 4478: 4475: 4472: 4468: 4467: 4464: 4461: 4458: 4454: 4453: 4450: 4447: 4444: 4443:Mountain block 4440: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4427: 4426: 4423: 4420: 4417: 4413: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4400: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4374: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4364: 4360: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4347: 4346: 4343: 4340: 4337: 4333: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4320: 4319: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4306: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4293: 4292: 4289: 4286: 4283: 4279: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4266: 4265: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4255:Thrust / spear 4252: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4239: 4238: 4235: 4232: 4229: 4225: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4212: 4211: 4208: 4205: 4202: 4198: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4181: 4178: 4175: 4171: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4158: 4157: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4144: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4131: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4118: 4117: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4104: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4094: 4090: 4089: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4074: 4073: 4065: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4055: 4051: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4038: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4010: 4009: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3996: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3982: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3969: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3955: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3942: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3929: 3928: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3915: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3901: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3888: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3878: 3874: 3873: 3870: 3867: 3864: 3860: 3859: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3847: 3846: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3830: 3799: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3779: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3768: 3767: 3764: 3761: 3758: 3754: 3753: 3750: 3746: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3735: 3734: 3731: 3727: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3713: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3682: 3681: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3668: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3643: 3642: 3639: 3635: 3634: 3631: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3620: 3616: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3602: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3580: 3579: 3571: 3570: 3566: 3565: 3562: 3558: 3557: 3554: 3550: 3549: 3546: 3542: 3541: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3529: 3528: 3525: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3515: 3512: 3508: 3507: 3503: 3502: 3499: 3495: 3494: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3483: 3482: 3481:Championships 3472: 3471: 3467: 3466: 3462: 3461: 3458: 3454: 3453: 3449: 3448: 3445: 3441: 3440: 3437: 3433: 3432: 3429: 3425: 3424: 3421: 3417: 3416: 3412: 3411: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3401: 3398: 3394: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3381: 3380:Championships 3371: 3370: 3367: 3363: 3362: 3359: 3355: 3354: 3351: 3347: 3346: 3343: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3327: 3326: 3315:The following 3312: 3309: 3301: 3300: 3295: 3290: 3285: 3283:European Games 3280: 3275: 3265: 3262: 3261: 3260: 3254: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3238: 3235: 3232: 3227: 3224: 3218: 3213: 3205: 3202: 3200: 3197: 3186: 3183: 3174: 3171: 3147: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3103: 3100: 3081: 3080: 3079: 3078: 3072: 3063: 3060: 3051: 2995: 2992: 2959: 2956: 2955: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2904: 2901: 2883: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2863: 2862: 2858:baekjeolbulgul 2841: 2822:Self-control ( 2820: 2801:Perseverance ( 2799: 2778: 2744: 2741: 2730: 2729: 2713: 2683: 2633:Main article: 2630: 2627: 2422: 2419: 2329: 2326: 2320: 2317: 2311: 2308: 2302: 2299: 2293: 2290: 2284: 2281: 2232: 2229: 2205: 2202: 2196:(STF) and the 2174: 2171: 2159: 2158: 2151: 2137:Korean history 2097: 2094: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2032: 2029: 2026: 1979: 1976: 1968: 1967: 1964: 1941: 1927: 1916: 1890: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1857: 1854: 1821: 1791: 1703: 1700: 1672: 1669: 1578: 1575: 1414: 1411: 1353: 1347: 1339: 1336: 1311:, has been an 1059: 1058: 1043: 1037: 1036: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1015: 1009: 1008: 995: 993: 987: 986: 973: 971: 965: 964: 956: 955: 946: 940: 939: 933: 927: 926: 920: 914: 913: 910: 906: 905: 901: 900: 891: 887: 886: 881: 877: 876: 873: 867: 866: 857: 853: 852: 848: 847: 841: 837: 836: 830: 823: 822: 807: 806: 799: 795: 794: 780: 776: 775: 768: 764: 763: 752: 748: 747: 744: 740: 739: 730: 726: 725: 722: 718: 717: 711: 694: 693: 676: 675: 590: 588: 581: 574: 573: 529: 527: 520: 515: 489: 488: 486: 479: 465: 463: 458: 457: 454: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 441: 438: 436: 433: 430: 429: 424: 422: 420: 418: 413: 411: 409: 406: 405: 400: 398: 396: 394: 389: 387: 385: 382: 381: 376: 374: 372: 370: 365: 363: 361: 358: 357: 353: 351: 349: 345: 343: 340: 339: 336: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 323: 320: 316: 315: 312: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 299: 296: 294: 291: 288: 287: 282:organizational 281: 278: 276: 274: 269:organisational 268: 265: 263: 260: 259: 256: 254: 251: 248: 247: 243: 241: 239: 235: 233: 230: 229: 226: 222: 221: 217: 216: 194:capitalization 174: 173: 158: 137: 115: 84: 78: 76: 58: 50: 41: 38: 37: 35: 23: 22: 14: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9875: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9830: 9828: 9813: 9809: 9806: 9803: 9802: 9799: 9793: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9777:Flag football 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9764: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9755: 9753: 9749: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9732: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9725:Weightlifting 9723: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9694: 9691: 9689: 9686: 9684: 9681: 9679: 9678:Skateboarding 9676: 9674: 9671: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9654: 9651: 9649: 9646: 9644: 9641: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9623: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9581: 9580: 9577: 9573: 9572:Track cycling 9570: 9568: 9565: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9557:Freestyle BMX 9555: 9553: 9550: 9549: 9548: 9545: 9541: 9538: 9536: 9533: 9532: 9531: 9528: 9526: 9523: 9519: 9516: 9515: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9482: 9479: 9477: 9474: 9472: 9469: 9468: 9467: 9464: 9463: 9461: 9457: 9453: 9449: 9441: 9436: 9434: 9429: 9427: 9422: 9421: 9418: 9406: 9398: 9396: 9392: 9388: 9387: 9384: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9340: 9337: 9335: 9332: 9331: 9329: 9327: 9321: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9286: 9284: 9282: 9281:African Games 9276: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9254: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9216: 9214: 9212: 9206: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9190: 9187: 9185: 9182: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9171: 9169: 9167: 9161: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9144: 9142: 9138: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9129: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9101: 9099: 9097: 9091: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9064: 9062: 9059: 9055: 9051: 9048: 9046: 9043: 9041: 9038: 9036: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9022: 9020: 9018: 9012: 9008: 9001: 8997: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8962: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8952:Fighting game 8950: 8949: 8947: 8945:Entertainment 8943: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8916:Krabi–krabong 8914: 8912: 8911:Kalaripayattu 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8883: 8881: 8879: 8875: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8825: 8823: 8821: 8817: 8813: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8775: 8772: 8771: 8770: 8767: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8731: 8729: 8727: 8722: 8718: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8701:Shootfighting 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8673: 8671: 8669: 8668:combat sports 8664: 8660: 8654: 8653: 8649: 8647: 8644: 8642: 8641: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8626: 8624: 8622: 8618: 8612: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8602: 8599: 8597: 8596:Tien Shan Pai 8594: 8592: 8589: 8587: 8584: 8582: 8579: 8577: 8574: 8572: 8569: 8567: 8564: 8562: 8559: 8557: 8554: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8521:Choi Kwang-Do 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8498: 8496: 8494: 8490: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8443: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8401: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8383: 8381: 8379: 8375: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8358:Pushing hands 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8335: 8333: 8331: 8327: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8310: 8309: 8306: 8302: 8301:Swordsmanship 8299: 8297: 8294: 8292: 8289: 8288: 8287: 8286:Melee weapons 8284: 8282: 8279: 8278: 8276: 8274: 8270: 8264: 8261: 8257: 8254: 8252: 8249: 8247: 8244: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8233: 8232: 8229: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8201: 8199: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8166: 8164: 8163: 8161: 8159: 8153: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8120: 8117: 8116: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8081: 8079: 8077: 8073: 8069: 8062: 8058: 8052: 8051:Hard and soft 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8028: 8025: 8021: 8014: 8009: 8007: 8002: 8000: 7995: 7994: 7991: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7925: 7923: 7919: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7884: 7882: 7880: 7876: 7870: 7867: 7866: 7864: 7862: 7861:Ranged weapon 7858: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7823: 7821: 7819: 7815: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7748:Choi Kwang-Do 7746: 7745: 7743: 7741: 7737: 7731: 7728: 7726: 7723: 7721: 7718: 7716: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7697: 7695: 7693: 7689: 7685: 7678: 7673: 7671: 7666: 7664: 7659: 7658: 7655: 7649: 7645: 7642: 7639: 7638: 7626: 7621: 7614: 7610: 7606: 7601: 7585: 7581: 7577: 7571: 7555: 7551: 7550:"information" 7545: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7516: 7502:on 2015-06-19 7501: 7497: 7493: 7487: 7471: 7467: 7461: 7452: 7438:on 2012-06-13 7437: 7433: 7427: 7416: 7412: 7405: 7399: 7397: 7389: 7383: 7381: 7365: 7361: 7357: 7354:MARIA CHENG. 7350: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7328: 7314:on 2013-12-02 7313: 7309: 7305: 7298: 7286: 7282: 7275: 7269: 7258: 7254: 7247: 7241: 7239: 7237: 7235: 7233: 7218:on 2007-07-02 7217: 7213: 7209: 7202: 7191:September 11, 7186: 7182: 7178: 7172: 7161:September 11, 7156: 7152: 7148: 7142: 7131:September 11, 7126: 7122: 7118: 7112: 7101:September 11, 7096: 7092: 7088: 7082: 7071:September 11, 7066: 7062: 7056: 7040: 7036: 7033: 7026: 7018: 7012: 7008: 7001: 6994: 6988: 6980: 6974: 6963: 6957: 6949: 6943: 6935: 6929: 6921: 6915: 6907: 6901: 6893: 6887: 6879: 6873: 6865: 6859: 6843: 6839: 6835: 6834:"WTF History" 6829: 6813: 6809: 6808:Jhoonrhee.com 6805: 6799: 6783: 6779: 6778:Ataon;ine.com 6775: 6774:"ATA History" 6769: 6753: 6749: 6745: 6739: 6728:September 16, 6723: 6719: 6715: 6709: 6693: 6689: 6685: 6684:"ITF Austria" 6679: 6671: 6667: 6663: 6656: 6654: 6652: 6636: 6632: 6628: 6622: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6599: 6584: 6580: 6574: 6558: 6554: 6553:The Telegraph 6550: 6543: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6513: 6511: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6481: 6470: 6466: 6459: 6452: 6437: 6433: 6427: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6398: 6383: 6379: 6375: 6367: 6360: 6352: 6345: 6338: 6330: 6324: 6321:. ECW Press. 6319: 6318: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6299: 6283: 6279: 6278:ao.81.2.10moe 6275: 6272:Moenig, Udo. 6268: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6241: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6210: 6202: 6196: 6192: 6185: 6170: 6166: 6159: 6152: 6146: 6131: 6127: 6123: 6117: 6101: 6097: 6096: 6091: 6085: 6077: 6071: 6067: 6060: 6058: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6048: 6046: 6030: 6026: 6022: 6016: 6014: 5997: 5993: 5987: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5962: 5957: 5956:"tae kwon do" 5951: 5935: 5931: 5930: 5925: 5924:"tae kwon do" 5919: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5894: 5889: 5888:"tae kwon do" 5883: 5876: 5872: 5866: 5862: 5849: 5848:Chung Do Kwan 5845: 5840: 5833: 5827: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5807: 5801: 5797: 5796:Chung Do Kwan 5791: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5770: 5766: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5731: 5720: 5717: 5711: 5706: 5698: 5683: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5666: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5655: 5652: 5649: 5646: 5645: 5642:Jwa daelyeon 5641: 5638: 5635: 5632: 5631: 5627: 5624: 5621: 5619:Free sparring 5618: 5617: 5613: 5610: 5607: 5604: 5603: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5591: 5590: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5578: 5577: 5573: 5570: 5567: 5564: 5563: 5559: 5556: 5553: 5550: 5549: 5545: 5542: 5539: 5536: 5535: 5531: 5528: 5525: 5522: 5521: 5517: 5514: 5511: 5508: 5507: 5504:Cheonman-eyo 5503: 5501: 5498: 5495: 5494: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5477: 5474: 5471: 5468: 5467: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5455: 5454: 5450: 5447: 5444: 5441: 5440: 5436: 5433: 5430: 5427: 5426: 5423:Guggi baerye 5422: 5419: 5416: 5413: 5412: 5408: 5405: 5402: 5399: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5385: 5382: 5379: 5378: 5375: 5372: 5369: 5366: 5363: 5362: 5357: 5349: 5346: 5343: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5332: 5329: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5318: 5315: 5312: 5311: 5307: 5304: 5301: 5298: 5297: 5293: 5290: 5287: 5284: 5283: 5280:Gwanjang nim 5279: 5276: 5273: 5270: 5269: 5266: 5263: 5260: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5248: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5232: 5231: 5227: 5224: 5221: 5218: 5217: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5205: 5204: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5192: 5191: 5187: 5184: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5158: 5155: 5152: 5151: 5147: 5145: 5142: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5126: 5125: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5113: 5112: 5108: 5105: 5102: 5099: 5098: 5094: 5091: 5088: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5077: 5074: 5071: 5070: 5066: 5063: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5052: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5042: 5038: 5035: 5032: 5029: 5028: 5024: 5021: 5018: 5015: 5014: 5010: 5007: 5004: 5001: 5000: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4986: 4982: 4979: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4951: 4943: 4940: 4937: 4934: 4933: 4929: 4926: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4916:Juchum seogi 4915: 4913: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4902: 4899: 4896: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4885: 4882: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4864: 4860: 4857: 4854: 4851: 4850: 4846: 4843: 4840: 4837: 4836: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4823: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4814:Hanja (한자/漢字) 4813: 4810: 4807: 4806: 4801: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4784: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4772: 4771: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4733: 4732: 4729:Huryeo chagi 4728: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4719: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4706: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4676: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4656: 4655: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4630: 4629: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4617: 4616: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4600:Ap chaneohgi 4599: 4597: 4594: 4591: 4590: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4578: 4577: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4564: 4560: 4557: 4554: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4535: 4534: 4529: 4522:Jang gwon do 4521: 4518: 4515: 4512: 4511: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4498: 4497: 4494:i ji gwan su 4493: 4490: 4487: 4484: 4483: 4479: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4451: 4448: 4445: 4442: 4441: 4438:Yeop jileugi 4437: 4435: 4432: 4429: 4428: 4424: 4421: 4418: 4415: 4414: 4411:Sonmog deung 4410: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4401: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4388: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4368: 4365: 4362: 4361: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4335: 4334: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4322: 4321: 4317: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4280: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4241: 4240: 4236: 4233: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4213: 4209: 4206: 4203: 4200: 4199: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188:Middle Punch 4187: 4186: 4182: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4172: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4160: 4159: 4155: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4145: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4132: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4120: 4119: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4101: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4075: 4070: 4062: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4052: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4040: 4039: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4027:Without count 4026: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4011: 4007: 4004: 4001: 3998: 3997: 3993: 3990: 3987: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3956: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3944: 3943: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3916: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3902: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891:Finish / Stop 3890: 3889: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3861: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3849: 3848: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3818: 3813: 3804: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3780: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3769: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3751: 3748: 3747: 3740: 3737: 3736: 3732: 3729: 3728: 3718: 3715: 3714: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3692: 3687: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3651: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3640: 3637: 3636: 3629: 3626: 3625: 3621: 3618: 3617: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3581: 3576: 3568: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3552: 3551: 3547: 3544: 3543: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3517: 3510: 3509: 3505: 3504: 3497: 3496: 3490: 3485: 3484: 3477: 3469: 3468: 3464: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3450: 3443: 3442: 3438: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3427: 3426: 3422: 3419: 3418: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3403: 3396: 3395: 3389: 3384: 3383: 3376: 3368: 3365: 3364: 3360: 3357: 3356: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3334: 3329: 3328: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3299: 3296: 3294: 3291: 3289: 3288:Pacific Games 3286: 3284: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3273:African Games 3271: 3270: 3269: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3252:Olympic Games 3250: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3209: 3196: 3194: 3191: 3182: 3180: 3170: 3168: 3163: 3160: 3156: 3153: 3144: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3120: 3119: 3117: 3108: 3099: 3095: 3089: 3085: 3076: 3075: 3073: 3069: 3064: 3061: 3057: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3038: 3032: 3028: 3025: 3019: 3008: 3007: 3000: 2991: 2987: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2964: 2952: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2931: 2930: 2929: 2926: 2922: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2900: 2898: 2893: 2886: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2866: 2859: 2842: 2838: 2821: 2817: 2800: 2796: 2779: 2775: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2740: 2737: 2735: 2721: 2717: 2714: 2699: 2694: 2688: 2684: 2669: 2665: 2664: 2660: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2655: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2626: 2623: 2616: 2610: 2604: 2598: 2592: 2586: 2571: 2565: 2547: 2541: 2523: 2517: 2499: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2480: 2473: 2471: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2452: 2432: 2427: 2418: 2403: 2402: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2384: 2377: 2362: 2354: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2340: 2334: 2325: 2316: 2307: 2298: 2289: 2280: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2237: 2228: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2211: 2201: 2199: 2195: 2190: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2179:Haeng Ung Lee 2170: 2168: 2164: 2156: 2152: 2149: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2125: 2119: 2117: 2114:In 1990, the 2112: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2093: 2090: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2068: 2062: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2044: 2030: 2027: 2018: 2007: 2001: 1990: 1986: 1985: 1984: 1975: 1973: 1965: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1908: 1902: 1891: 1887: 1870: 1867: 1862: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1848: 1842: 1825: 1822: 1818: 1806: 1795: 1792: 1788: 1787: 1780: 1774: 1762: 1756: 1738: 1732: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1716: 1708: 1699: 1694: 1685: 1677: 1668: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1657:Olympic Games 1654: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1638: 1634: 1629: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1612: 1607: 1601: 1595: 1589: 1584: 1574: 1571: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1526: 1519: 1513: 1511: 1506: 1500: 1493: 1487: 1480: 1474: 1469: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1410: 1406: 1404: 1400: 1395: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1373: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1352: 1345: 1335: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1313:Olympic event 1310: 1305: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1278: 1272: 1267: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1203: 1197: 1186: 1176: 1170: 1065: 1054: 1048: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1014: 1010: 1002: 994: 992: 988: 980: 972: 970: 966: 961: 954: 950: 947: 945: 941: 938: 934: 932: 928: 925: 921: 919: 915: 911: 907: 902: 899: 895: 892: 888: 885: 882: 878: 874: 872: 868: 865: 861: 858: 854: 849: 845: 842: 838: 835:(South Korea) 834: 831: 829: 824: 820: 815: 804: 800: 798:Olympic sport 796: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 738: 734: 731: 727: 723: 721:Also known as 719: 715: 709: 704: 698: 690: 687: 672: 669: 661: 650: 647: 643: 640: 636: 633: 629: 626: 622: 619: – 618: 614: 613:Find sources: 607: 603: 597: 596: 591:This article 589: 585: 580: 579: 570: 567: 559: 549: 544: 540: 536: 535: 528: 519: 518: 513: 511: 504: 503: 498: 497: 492: 487: 478: 477: 472: 461: 453: 451: 446: 444: 443: 439: 437: 434: 432: 431: 421: 410: 407: 397: 386: 383: 373: 362: 359: 352: 350: 344: 342: 341: 335: 333: 328: 326: 325: 317: 311: 309: 304: 302: 301: 297: 295: 292: 290: 289: 277: 264: 261: 257: 255: 252: 250: 249: 242: 240: 234: 232: 231: 223: 218: 214: 207: 202: 191: 170: 166: 161: 152: 147: 143: 135: 123: 118: 109: 105: 87: 72: 65: 55:Content added 47: 44: 36: 34: 33: 20: 9804: 9697: 9693:Table tennis 9663:Rugby sevens 9636:Trampolining 9606:Field hockey 9594:Show jumping 9567:Road cycling 9540:Canoe sprint 9535:Canoe slalom 9363: 9308: 9262:Pencak silat 9238: 9193: 9136: 8972:Stage combat 8926:Mardani khel 8848:Jeet Kune Do 8806:Silat Melayu 8769:Pencak silat 8721:Self-defense 8663:Full contact 8650: 8638: 8585: 8576:Shoot boxing 8516:Chess boxing 8416:Malla-yuddha 8353:Punching bag 8343:Boxing glove 8200:Leg strikes 8179:Elbow strike 8165:Arm strikes 8020:Martial arts 7968:Song Deok-gi 7897:Kyeok Sul Do 7892:Kuk Sool Won 7836:Korean sword 7818:Melee weapon 7792: 7768:Moo Duk Kwan 7620: 7600: 7588:. 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Retrieved 5902:the original 5891: 5882: 5865: 5839: 5831: 5826: 5806: 5800:Moo Duk Kwan 5790: 5769: 5742: 5565:Self Defense 5400:Country Flag 5341:Master level 5241:Gat-eun bal 4852:Front Stance 4838:Ready stance 4331:Sonnaldeung 4223:Deungjumeog 4174:Middle punch 4013:By the count 3999:Look / Focus 3820: 3816: 3809: 3791:+75 kg 3777:−75 kg 3766:−75 kg 3752:−63 kg 3744:−61 kg 3733:−51 kg 3725:−60 kg 3680:+80 kg 3666:−90 kg 3655:−80 kg 3641:−71 kg 3633:−73 kg 3622:−57 kg 3614:−66 kg 3569:+73 kg 3564:−73 kg 3556:−67 kg 3548:−62 kg 3540:−57 kg 3532:−55 kg 3527:−53 kg 3519:−49 kg 3514:−49 kg 3506:−44 kg 3501:−46 kg 3470:+87 kg 3465:−87 kg 3460:−80 kg 3452:−78 kg 3447:−74 kg 3439:−68 kg 3431:−63 kg 3423:−58 kg 3415:−55 kg 3410:−51 kg 3405:−48 kg 3400:−54 kg 3369:+67 kg 3361:−67 kg 3353:−57 kg 3345:−49 kg 3314: 3302: 3267: 3223:(since 2009) 3207: 3188: 3176: 3164: 3161: 3157: 3148: 3113: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3033: 3029: 3013: 2988: 2983: 2969: 2958:Competitions 2927: 2923: 2914:biomechanics 2909: 2906: 2887: 2884: 2864: 2746: 2738: 2731: 2719: 2715: 2697: 2696:or formerly 2667: 2661: 2652: 2650: 2614: 2587: 2484: 2481: 2459: 2455: 2435: 2396: 2378: 2357: 2350: 2337: 2322: 2313: 2304: 2295: 2286: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2243:In 1972 the 2242: 2225:Choi Hong-hi 2214: 2191: 2186: 2176: 2166: 2162: 2160: 2154: 2147: 2141: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2120: 2113: 2108: 2105:Choi Hong-hi 2099: 2055: 2039: 1981: 1969: 1713: 1696: 1661:Pan Am Games 1650: 1630: 1625: 1618:North Korean 1615: 1580: 1521:"hand" with 1514: 1427:Choi Hong-hi 1419:Syngman Rhee 1416: 1407: 1390: 1366:martial arts 1358:World War II 1355: 1350: 1321: 1317:South Korean 1301:. Gyeorugi ( 1287:Choi Hong-hi 1268: 1256:combat sport 1253: 1241: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1213:combat sport 1063: 1062: 884:Combat sport 840:First played 801:Since 2000 ( 760:Choi Hong-hi 697: 682: 664: 655: 645: 638: 631: 624: 612: 600:Please help 595:verification 592: 562: 553: 546:Please help 542: 531: 507: 500: 494: 493:Please help 490: 9211:Asian Games 9096:World Games 9058:Greco-Roman 8878:Battlefield 8838:Chun Kuk Do 8781:Suffrajitsu 8591:Tang Soo Do 8466:Greco-Roman 8219:Knee strike 8136:Philippines 7887:Hwa Rang Do 7808:Yun Mu Kwan 7803:Tang Soo Do 7778:Soo Bahk Do 7758:Kong Soo Do 7715:Hapki yusul 7590:18 February 7560:18 February 7476:18 February 7308:The Gazette 7091:Tkd.otf.org 6948:"Han Mu Do" 6892:"Questions" 6758:January 25, 6744:"ITF Spain" 6698:January 25, 6688:itf-tkd.org 6563:21 November 6456:Lo, David. 6342:Lo, David. 6002:18 February 5844:Tang Soo Do 5812:Yun Mu Kwan 5294:Sabeom nim 5206:Double kick 5122:Oleun jjog 5109:Choe hadan 4921:Side Stance 4866:Back Stance 4811:Hangul (한글) 4773:Knee strike 4763:뒤 돌려 후려기 차기 4690:Yeop chagi 4466:il ji gwon 4430:Side punch 4350:Pliers hand 4336:Hammer fist 4318:Yeog su do 4116:Gong-gyeog 4049:Bal bakkwo 4041:Switch feet 3788:+75 kg 3785:+75 kg 3782:+70 kg 3774:−75 kg 3771:−70 kg 3763:−68 kg 3760:−69 kg 3757:−64 kg 3749:−58 kg 3741:−57 kg 3738:−52 kg 3730:−46 kg 3722:−54 kg 3719:−45 kg 3716:−40 kg 3677:+90 kg 3674:+85 kg 3671:+75 kg 3663:−85 kg 3660:−75 kg 3652:−80 kg 3649:−78 kg 3646:−69 kg 3638:−63 kg 3630:−64 kg 3627:−57 kg 3619:−51 kg 3611:−64 kg 3608:−50 kg 3605:−45 kg 3561:+68 kg 3553:−68 kg 3545:−63 kg 3537:−59 kg 3524:−52 kg 3511:−46 kg 3498:−42 kg 3457:+78 kg 3444:−73 kg 3436:−68 kg 3428:−63 kg 3420:−59 kg 3397:−45 kg 3366:+80 kg 3358:−80 kg 3350:−68 kg 3342:−58 kg 3298:Universiade 3278:Asian Games 2897:sam taegeuk 2780:Integrity ( 2690:(sometimes 2666:(sometimes 2657:in karate. 2567:are called 2543:are called 2519:are called 2495:are called 2336:A WT-style 2292:Hup Kwon Do 2052:Soo Bahk Do 2048:Tang Soo Do 1907:tteoreojigi 1495:"hand" and 1445:Tang Soo Do 1328:Paralympics 1187:: 1177:: 944:World Games 746:South Korea 617:"Taekwondo" 556:August 2023 550:if you can. 401:Differences 390:differences 213:Next edit → 206:Visual edit 46:Next edit → 9827:Categories 9713:Volleyball 9621:Gymnastics 9579:Equestrian 9552:BMX racing 9513:Basketball 9491:Water polo 9253:2018 Only 9114:Kickboxing 8868:Qwan Ki Do 8796:To-Shin Do 8726:combatives 8696:Pankration 8681:Kickboxing 8652:Xingyiquan 8640:Baguazhang 8606:Wudangquan 8536:Kickboxing 8431:Shuai jiao 8241:Joint lock 8158:techniques 7963:Sesok-ogye 7798:Tae Soo Do 7535:2016-04-30 7506:2015-06-13 7442:2012-01-26 7370:2017-10-02 7318:2013-05-06 7222:2007-08-11 6906:"Hanmoodo" 6670:B008UAO292 6641:2020-05-14 6613:B001GIOGL4 6500:2017-10-02 6442:2019-06-15 6417:2019-06-05 6388:2021-09-22 6288:2020-05-05 6258:2020-03-21 6175:2008-06-29 6136:2019-07-05 6035:2008-07-03 5857:References 5437:Gyeongnye 5313:Black Belt 5308:Gyosa nim 5219:Combo kick 5201:Ttwim-eul 5114:Right side 5086:Both hands 5072:Two handed 4941:交(叉/差)立姿勢 4794:Bit chagi 4742:Dwi chagi 4634:밖에서 안으로 차기 4621:안에서 밖으로 차기 4452:San maggi 4416:Side punch 4385:Batangson 4377:Palm heel 4372:Jang gwan 4358:Jibge son 4309:Ridge hand 4282:Spear hand 4215:Back fist 4183:Jung gwon 3980:Dwirodora 3913:Gyeonglye 2759:Courtesy ( 2743:Philosophy 2617:, Kukkiwon 2464:black belt 2301:Han Moo Do 2288:Capoeira. 2217:Jhoon Rhee 1945:discipline 1934:meditation 1930:Relaxation 1691:See also: 1431:Nam Tae-hi 1376:opened in 1342:See also: 1235:(겨루기) and 1033:t'aekwŏndo 931:Paralympic 779:Parenthood 628:newspapers 496:improve it 159:Lillylodhi 9833:Taekwondo 9805:See also: 9730:Wrestling 9708:Triathlon 9698:Taekwondo 9508:Badminton 9503:Athletics 9369:Wrestling 9364:Taekwondo 9314:Wrestling 9309:Taekwondo 9244:Wrestling 9239:Taekwondo 9199:Wrestling 9194:Taekwondo 9137:Taekwondo 9119:Muay Thai 9054:freestyle 9050:Wrestling 9045:Taekwondo 8921:Krav Maga 8833:Angampora 8801:Wing Chun 8759:Krav Maga 8749:Kajukenbo 8711:Vale Tudo 8586:Taekwondo 8551:Muay Thai 8541:Kun Khmer 8471:Mongolian 8461:freestyle 8441:Wrestling 8400:Para judo 8378:Grappling 8231:Grappling 8169:Chokehold 8099:Indonesia 7958:Muyesinbo 7793:Taekwondo 7763:Kyokushin 7692:Grappling 7615:, page 3. 7181:Tkd.co.uk 6490:BBC Sport 6248:151514066 6240:0952-3367 6106:15 August 5976:8 January 5940:8 January 5908:8 January 5832:taekwondo 5684:Gyeog pa 5614:Daelyeon 5600:Matseogi 5587:Gyeorugi 5574:Hosinsul 5469:Thank you 5456:Sit down! 5451:Mugnyeom 5233:Same foot 5135:Oen jjog 5127:Left side 5011:Hoengjin 4734:Back kick 4708:Hook kick 4682:Side kick 4647:앞 뻗어 올리 기 4587:Ap chagi 4403:Gooseneck 4363:Palm heel 4345:Gweon do 4304:Sonkkeut 4277:Jjileugi 4210:Gab gwon 4201:Back fist 4147:Punch/hit 4054:Dismissed 3858:Charyeot 3850:Attention 3479:WT Female 3325:Olympics 2647:, Finland 2609:sabum-nim 2597:kyosa-nim 2310:Han Mu Do 2177:In 1969, 2133:Chang Hon 2129:Chang Hon 2056:taekwondo 1949:etiquette 1938:breathing 1920:anaerobic 1425:officers 1064:Taekwondo 1019:taegwondo 963:Taekwondo 912:Worldwide 890:Equipment 871:Mixed-sex 701:Taekwondo 658:July 2023 502:talk page 322:Line 115: 319:Line 115: 9787:Lacrosse 9767:Softball 9763:Baseball 9758:Breaking 9673:Shooting 9643:Handball 9611:Football 9589:Eventing 9584:Dressage 9530:Canoeing 9486:Swimming 9471:Artistic 9466:Aquatics 9354:Muaythai 9104:Ju-jitsu 8977:Tricking 8961:Chanbara 8863:Unifight 8816:Eclectic 8791:Taekkyon 8739:Bartitsu 8621:Internal 8511:Capoeira 8493:Striking 8421:Pehlwani 8368:Sparring 8330:Training 8318:Shooting 8263:Stand-up 8251:Takedown 8204:Footwork 8194:Headbutt 8156:Unarmed 8041:Timeline 7978:Wae Gong 7973:Ssaurabi 7953:Muyejebo 7851:Simgumdo 7826:Hankumdo 7788:Taekkyon 7753:Gwonbeop 7730:Yongmudo 7644:Archived 7609:Archived 7584:Archived 7529:Archived 7470:Archived 7415:Archived 7364:Archived 7257:Archived 7185:Archived 7155:Archived 7065:Archived 7045:13 March 7039:Archived 6722:Archived 6692:Archived 6635:Archived 6631:ActiveSG 6526:Archived 6494:Archived 6469:Archived 6436:Archived 6434:. 2011. 6411:Archived 6382:Archived 6351:Archived 6282:Archived 6252:Archived 6169:Archived 6130:Archived 6100:Archived 6029:Archived 6027:. 2005. 5996:Archived 5970:Archived 5934:Archived 5834:instead. 5816:Jidokwan 5810:Used by 5794:Used by 5779:Shudokan 5775:Shotokan 5702:See also 5350:Godanja 5228:Yeonsog 5148:Teul-eo 5081:Ssangsu 5067:Sangdan 5053:Jungdan 5025:Yeogjin 4983:Jeonjin 4803:Stances 4398:Palkkum 4291:Gwan su 4250:Son Kal 4169:Jireugi 3821:ap seogi 3817:ap seogi 3190:American 3167:breaking 2984:hosinsul 2980:patterns 2976:breaking 2972:sparring 2498:boosabum 2249:Kukkiwon 2215:In 1962 1989:patterns 1901:deonjigi 1886:hosinsul 1824:Breaking 1817:matseogi 1805:gyeorugi 1794:Sparring 1740:, also 1671:Features 1637:Kukkiwon 1435:taekkyon 1382:Japanese 1360:and the 1324:Olympics 1309:sparring 1291:Kukkiwon 1254:It is a 904:Presence 898:headgear 826:Highest 784:taekkyon 733:Striking 532:require 228:Line 48: 225:Line 48: 169:contribs 70:Wikitext 9772:Cricket 9688:Surfing 9668:Sailing 9601:Fencing 9547:Cycling 9498:Archery 9405:Outline 9339:Fencing 9294:Fencing 9229:Jujutsu 9179:Fencing 9030:Fencing 8906:Jujutsu 8891:Bokator 8886:Banshay 8820:hybrids 8786:Systema 8744:Hapkido 8646:Tai chi 8601:Vovinam 8546:Lethwei 8451:Cornish 8406:Jujutsu 8363:Randori 8313:Archery 8273:Weapons 8146:Vietnam 8119:Okinawa 8109:Ireland 8104:Italian 8046:Records 8036:History 7912:Sunmudo 7869:Gakgung 7773:Simmudo 7725:Ssireum 7705:Hapkido 5773:Namely 5664:삼 수식 대련 5650:일 수식 대련 5546:Dojang 5509:Uniform 5464:Anj-a! 5364:English 5299:Teacher 5255:English 5250:Titles 5214:Du bal 5169:밖에서 안으로 5156:안에서 밖으로 5095:Yangsu 4958:English 4938:교차 립 자세 4824:Stances 4808:English 4750:뒤 돌려 차기 4698:옆 뻗어 차기 4608:앞 뻗어 차기 4561:Jog gi 4536:English 4342:拳刀 / 拳槌 4207:甲拳 / 角拳 4191:몸통 지르기 4077:English 4063:Haesan 4019:口令에 맞춰서 4016:구령에 맞춰서 4008:Siseon 3967:Hyusik 3927:Gyesok 3899:Geuman 3834:English 3695:Juniors 3584:Juniors 3487:Juniors 3386:Juniors 3378:WT Male 3094:poomsae 2892:taegeuk 2795:yeomchi 2749:Hwarang 2687:Poomsae 2570:saseong 2167:Ko-Dang 1957:respect 1953:justice 1940:control 1924:aerobic 1841:gyeokpa 1737:poomsae 1667:sport. 1622:Toronto 1556:Chinese 1338:History 1239:(격파). 1237:gyeokpa 1233:kyorugi 1229:poomsae 1207:) is a 918:Olympic 856:Contact 790:, some 782:Mainly 751:Creator 737:kicking 642:scholar 534:cleanup 425:Martial 414:martial 9792:Squash 9782:Karate 9703:Tennis 9658:Rowing 9525:Boxing 9476:Diving 9395:Portal 9349:Karate 9334:Boxing 9304:Karate 9289:Boxing 9257:Kurash 9234:Karate 9219:Boxing 9189:Karate 9174:Boxing 9147:Aikido 9109:Karate 9082:Savate 9040:Karate 9025:Boxing 8853:Shooto 8629:Aikido 8581:Savate 8531:Karate 8506:Boxing 8386:Barróg 8214:Flying 8189:Ground 8184:Clinch 8141:Russia 8089:Europe 7938:Hyeong 7933:Dojang 7921:Others 7013: 6668: 6611: 6325: 6246: 6238: 6197: 6072: 5873: 5667:三數式對練 5653:一數式對練 5560:Simsa 5518:Dobok 5409:Guggi 5389:Gwan ( 5380:School 5367:Hangul 5258:Hangul 5100:Lowest 5044:Middle 5039:Hadan 4997:Hujin 4961:Hangul 4927:四股立姿勢 4924:사고립 자세 4911:주춤 서기 4900:騎馬立姿勢 4897:기마립 자세 4711:후려기 차기 4574:Chagi 4539:Hangul 4474:일 지관 수 4433:옆 지르기 4237:Su Do 4161:Punch 4142:Magki 4129:Chigi 4121:Strike 4102:Su gi 4080:Hangul 3994:Gihap 3953:Swieo 3886:Sijak 3872:Junbi 3837:Hangul 3492:Adults 3391:Adults 3336:Female 2978:, and 2855:; 2849:; 2837:geukgi 2834:; 2828:; 2813:; 2807:; 2792:; 2786:; 2771:; 2765:; 2734:hyeong 2706:; 2698:poomse 2693:pumsae 2676:; 2663:Hyeong 2645:Kuopio 2579:; 2555:; 2546:sahyun 2531:; 2507:; 2448:; 2442:; 2411:; 2401:dojang 2383:homyun 2370:; 2352:dojang 2006:pumsae 2000:hyeong 1997:; 1972:staffs 1898:; 1883:; 1877:; 1861:flying 1847:weerok 1838:; 1832:; 1814:; 1802:; 1776:; 1770:; 1764:, and 1758:; 1755:hyeong 1752:; 1746:; 1731:pumsae 1728:; 1560:pinyin 1364:, new 1260:karate 1231:(품새), 1183:; 1175:Korean 969:Hangul 935:Since 922:Since 788:karate 644: 637: 630: 623: 615: 81:Inline 63:Visual 9359:Sambo 9267:Sambo 9249:Wushu 9152:Wushu 9132:Sambo 9077:Glima 8982:Wuxia 8764:MCMAP 8734:Arnis 8566:Sanda 8526:Dambe 8501:Bando 8481:shoot 8446:catch 8426:Sambo 8256:Throw 8246:Sweep 8224:Stomp 8174:Punch 8126:Korea 8114:Japan 8094:India 8084:China 7928:Dobok 7907:Sundo 7846:Kumdo 7783:Subak 7418:(PDF) 7407:(PDF) 7288:(PDF) 7277:(PDF) 7260:(PDF) 7249:(PDF) 7212:Rules 6965:(PDF) 6472:(PDF) 6461:(PDF) 6354:(PDF) 6347:(PDF) 6244:S2CID 5761:Notes 5625:自由對練 5622:자유 대련 5486:고맙습니다 5475:感謝합니다 5472:감사합니다 5420:國旗拜禮 5417:국기 배례 5370:Hanja 5336:Geup 5261:Hanja 5188:Idan 5058:Upper 5030:Lower 4964:Hanja 4886:騎馬姿勢 4883:기마 자세 4872:後屈姿勢 4869:후굴 자세 4858:前屈姿勢 4855:전굴 자세 4844:準備姿勢 4841:준비 자세 4776:무릎 차기 4724:후려 차기 4660:돌려 차기 4595:앞 차넣기 4542:Hanja 4460:일 지 권 4419:횡진 공격 4390:Elbow 4264:Gwan 4156:Gwon 4134:Block 4083:Hanja 4033:口令 없이 4030:구령 없이 3940:Baro 3877:Begin 3863:Ready 3840:Hanja 3024:hogus 2950:kick. 2816:innae 2668:hyung 2522:sabum 2476:단 (段) 2458:, or 2361:dobok 2339:dobok 2275:, or 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