276:
618:. Shortly thereafter, also in C.H. Li's laboratory, the opioid effects of this peptide were characterized. Some notable early questions which were investigated included anatomical questions (where in the body? where in the brain? where in the neuron?), pharmacological questions (how similar to morphine? how does potency differ? what part of the molecule confers opioid activity?), biochemical questions (how is it biosynthesized? how is the activity regulated? how is it metabolized?), behavioral questions (what is the effect of endogenous β-endorphin on activity levels), clinical questions (do deficiencies in endogenous β-endorphin lead to psychological disorders?), and therapeutic questions (is β-endorphin a viable treatment for morphine and heroin addiction, as well as chronic pain disorders?).
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CCC(C)C(C(=O)NC(C(C)CC)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)N)C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)NC(CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C3CCCN3C(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(CC4=CC=CC=C4)NC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)N
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It is used as an analgesic in the body to numb or dull pains. That is the reason why humans start to feel better immediately after an acute physical trauma even though the symptoms are still present. The reason the pain dulls is because it binds to and activates opioid receptors. β-endorphin has
606:β-endorphin was discovered from camel pituitary extracts by C.H. Li and David Chung. The discovery was amidst a flurry of discoveries made in the opioid field of "endogenous opiates", including
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685:"Isolation and Structure of an Untriakontapeptide with Opiate Activity from Camel Pituitary Glands"
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effects (indeed, the μ-opioid receptor was named based on its most renowned ligand, morphine).
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574:
It is an agonist of the opioid receptors, with evidence suggesting it serves as the endogenous
461:
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206:
579:
539:β-endorphin is a peptide, 31 amino acids long, resulting from processing of the precursor
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44:
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543:(POMC). (Note, POMC also gives rise to other peptide hormones, including ACTH (
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1005:
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551:), resulting from intracellular processing by internal enzymes known as
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634:β-endorphin is believed to have a number of other benefits, including:
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
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Horace H. Loh, L. F. Tseng, Eddie Wei, and Choh Hao Li (1976).
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172:
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682:
582:, the same receptor to which the chemicals extracted from
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to this revision, which may differ significantly from the
1335:
1352:
627:approximately 80 times the analgesic potency of
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1326:Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide
1246:Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript
865:
780:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
879:
872:
858:
297:
842:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
757:
734:"β-Endorphin is a Potent Analgesic Agent"
708:
57:Revision as of 16:49, 13 August 2011 by
558:β-endorphin is found in neurons of the
56:
14:
1353:
288:
853:
531:-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu
40:
25:
683:Choh Hao Li and David Chung (1976).
17:
310:
103:
72:
104:
1377:
803:
43:. The present address (URL) is a
403:
114:
1236:Calcitonin gene-related peptide
651:Promoting feeling of well-being
399:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
788:
725:
676:
665:
549:Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone
13:
1:
658:
1251:Delta-sleep-inducing peptide
534:
471:The amino acid sequence is:
7:
1361:Genes on human chromosome 2
569:
545:Adrenocorticotropic hormone
24:of this page, as edited by
10:
1382:
621:
601:
547:), as well α- and γ-MSH (
1271:Gastrin-releasing peptide
1218:
1195:
1164:
1108:
1099:
1042:
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991:
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466:peripheral nervous system
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844:Medical Subject Headings
389:3464.98224
1321:Pancreatic polypeptide
750:10.1073/pnas.73.8.2895
701:10.1073/pnas.73.4.1145
644:Slowing the growth of
553:prohormone convertases
654:Increasing relaxation
41:16:49, 13 August 2011
1266:Galanin-like peptide
836:- β-endorphin (2-9)
826:- β-endorphin (1-9)
541:proopiomelanocortin
254:
79:← Previous revision
426:Infobox references
252:
1366:Neurotransmitters
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1095:
1094:
580:μ-opioid receptor
562:, as well as the
519:-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-
434:Chemical compound
432:
431:
277:Interactive image
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245:
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744:(8): 2895–2898.
729:
723:
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695:(4): 1145–1148.
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454:neurotransmitter
416:
410:
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358:Chemical formula
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91:Newer revision →
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50:current revision
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1296:Neuropeptide VF
1291:Neuropeptide SF
1286:Neuropeptide FF
1281:Neuropeptide AF
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1038:
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908:Opioid peptides
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83:Latest revision
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28:142.162.168.206
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1306:Neuropeptide Y
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1301:Neuropeptide S
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1034:Leu-enkephalin
1031:
1029:Met-enkephalin
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960:β-Neoendorphin
957:
955:α-Neoendorphin
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804:External links
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795:LDN and Cancer
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612:Leu-enkephalin
608:Met-enkephalin
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983:Endomorphin-2
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978:Endomorphin-1
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945:Big dynorphin
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816:- β-endorphin
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640:immune system
638:Boosting the
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289:ECHA InfoCard
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23:
1311:Neurophysins
1139:Neurokinin B
1134:Neurokinin A
970:Endomorphins
896:
810:CID 16132316
790:
776:cite journal
741:
737:
727:
692:
688:
678:
667:
633:
625:
605:
573:
560:hypothalamus
557:
538:
470:
460:of both the
437:
436:
258:Identifiers
253:Β-Endorphin
209:
22:old revision
19:
18:
1316:Neurotensin
1226:Angiotensin
1165:Neuromedins
1154:Physalaemin
1129:Substance P
1123:Tachykinins
1118:Bradykinins
1065:Hemorphin-4
1050:Adrenorphin
1021:Enkephalins
1011:γ-Endorphin
1006:β-Endorphin
1001:α-Endorphin
940:Dynorphin B
930:Dynorphin A
925:Dynorphin A
840:β-endorphin
820:CID 3081525
351:Properties
295:100.056.646
231:Swiss-model
123:Identifiers
20:This is an
1355:Categories
1145:amphibian
1082:Spinorphin
1072:Nociceptin
1055:Amidorphin
993:Endorphins
950:Leumorphin
917:Dynorphins
830:CID 133304
659:References
586:, such as
445:endogenous
385:Molar mass
264:3D model (
227:Structures
222:Search for
196:Other data
1256:FMRFamide
1241:Carnosine
1125:: mammal
1087:Valorphin
1077:Opiorphin
1060:Hemorphin
616:dynorphin
596:addictive
592:analgesic
564:pituitary
535:Formation
440:endorphin
178:NM_000939
137:NCBI gene
1231:Bombesin
1149:Kassinin
899:hormones
892:Hormones
881:Peptides
629:morphine
588:morphine
570:Function
379:S
321:16132316
241:InterPro
1331:RVD-Hpα
1276:Ghrelin
1261:Galanin
1197:Orexins
834:PubChem
824:PubChem
814:PubChem
719:1063395
622:Effects
602:History
578:of the
566:gland.
462:central
458:neurons
451:peptide
419:what is
417: (
308:PubChem
237:Domains
185:UniProt
1110:Kinins
1043:Others
846:(MeSH)
766:
759:430793
756:
717:
710:430217
707:
648:cells
646:cancer
614:, and
576:ligand
448:opioid
443:is an
414:verify
411:
335:SMILES
207:Chr. 2
190:P01189
173:RefSeq
166:176830
128:Symbol
1219:Other
1100:Other
832:from
822:from
812:from
672:DBGET
584:opium
507:-Thr-
503:-Ser-
479:-Gly-
266:JSmol
202:Locus
897:see
782:link
768:8780
764:PMID
738:PNAS
715:PMID
689:PNAS
594:and
464:and
161:OMIM
154:9201
149:HGNC
142:5443
131:POMC
95:diff
89:) |
87:diff
75:diff
66:talk
34:talk
1336:VGF
932:1–8
754:PMC
746:doi
705:PMC
697:doi
555:.)
529:Ile
525:Ala
521:Asn
517:Val
513:Leu
509:Pro
505:Gln
501:Lys
497:Glu
493:Ser
489:Thr
485:Met
481:Phe
477:Gly
473:Tyr
468:.
369:251
365:158
311:CID
211:p23
39:at
1357::
883::
778:}}
774:{{
762:.
752:.
742:73
740:.
736:.
713:.
703:.
693:73
691:.
687:.
631:.
610:,
438:β-
377:46
373:39
81:|
77:)
1210:B
1205:A
1187:U
1182:S
1177:N
1172:B
873:e
866:t
859:v
784:)
770:.
748::
721:.
699::
527:-
523:-
515:-
511:-
499:-
495:-
491:-
487:-
483:-
475:-
409:Y
375:O
371:N
367:H
363:C
268:)
97:)
93:(
85:(
73:(
68:)
64:(
53:.
36:)
32:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
