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404:, whose ideas and the accompanying bodies of pictures he produced, influenced a generation of "new new documentary" photographers, whose work was philosophically more rigorous, often more stridently leftist in its politics. Sekula emerged as a champion of these photographers, in critical writing and editorial work. Notable among this generation are the photographers
245:. Riis was a New York police-beat reporter who had been converted to urban social reform ideas by his contact with medical and public-health officials, some of whom were amateur photographers. Riis used these acquaintances at first to gather photographs, but eventually took up the camera himself. His books, most notably
231:
The development of new reproduction methods for photography provided impetus for the next era of documentary photography, in the late 1880s and 1890s, and reaching into the early decades of the 20th century. This period decisively shifted documentary from antiquarian and landscape subjects to that of
485:
Since the late 1970s, the decline of magazine-published photography has led to the vanishing of traditional forums for such work. Many documentary photographers have now focused on the art world and galleries as a way of presenting their work and making a living. Traditional documentary photography
459:
Documentary photography generally relates to longer-term projects with a more complex storyline, while photojournalism concerned more breaking news stories. The two approaches often overlap. Some theorists argue that photojournalism, with its close relationship to the news media, is influenced to a
122:
applied to photography antedates the mode or genre itself. Photographs meant to accurately describe otherwise unknown, hidden, forbidden, or difficult-to-access places or circumstances date to the earliest daguerreotype and calotype "surveys" of the ruins of the Near East, Egypt, and the
American
203:
Both the Civil War and USGS photographic works point up an important feature of documentary photography: the production of an archive of historical significance, and the distribution to a wide audience through publication. The US Government published Survey photographs in the annual
260:
Riis's documentary photography was passionately devoted to changing the inhumane conditions under which the poor lived in the rapidly expanding urban-industrial centers. His work succeeded in embedding photography in urban reform movements, notably the
412:, whose "The Bowery in Two Inadequate Descriptive Systems" of 1974-75 served as a milestone in the critique of classical humanistic documentary as the work of privileged elites imposing their visions and values on the dis-empowered.
240:
reproduction around 1890 made low cost mass-reproduction in newspapers, magazines and books possible. The figure most directly associated with the birth of this new form of documentary is the journalist and urban social reformer
171:
349:
among others. This generation of documentary photographers is generally credited for codifying the documentary code of accuracy mixed with impassioned advocacy, with the goal of arousing public commitment to social change.
604:
22:
usually refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle events or environments both significant and relevant to history and historical events as well as everyday life. It is typically undertaken as
393:
proposed in that exhibition that a new generation, committed not to social change but to formal and iconographical investigation of the social experience of modernity, had replaced the older forms of
361:
is generally credited with developing a counterstrain of more personal, evocative, and complex documentary, exemplified by his work in the 1950s, published in the United States in his 1959 book,
274:
400:
In the 1970s and 1980s, a spirited attack on traditional documentary was mounted by historians, critics, and photographers. One of the most notable was the photographer-critic
257:
of 1892, used those photographs, but increasingly he also employed visual materials from a wide variety of sources, including police "mug shots" and photojournalistic images.
253:
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89:
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127:, for example, traveled to Nubia in the early 1850s to photograph the major ruins of the region. One early documentation project was the French
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to develop an archive of France's rapidly disappearing architectural and human heritage; the project included such photographic luminaries as
2315:
2262:
283:, are generally credited with strongly influencing the development of child-labor laws in New York and the United States more generally.
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has found a place in dedicated photography galleries alongside other artists working in painting, sculpture, and modern media.
1018:
770:
170:. A huge body of photography of the vast regions of the Great West was produced by official government photographers for the
2320:
162:, resulted in a major archive of photographs ranging from dry records of battle sites to harrowing images of the dead by
415:
Since the late 1990s, an increased interest in documentary photography and its longer term perspective can be observed.
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2013:
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photographed a wide variety of subjects, including
Mongolia's street children for the Museum of Natural History.
1945:
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154:(1861-1865) by photographers for at least three consortia of photographic publisher-distributors, most notably
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During the wartime and postwar eras, documentary photography increasingly became subsumed under the rubric of
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sought to reflect the realities of the most underprivileged peoples of different third world countries.
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2018:
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605:"Africa united: Photographer Pieter Hugo casts a new light on tired stereotypes of his home continent"
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greater degree than documentary photography by the need to entertain audiences and market products.
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Hoffman, R. T. (1995). The form of function: Salt documentary photography. In H. T. French (Ed.),
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Price, D. (2004). Documentary and photojournalism: issues and definitions. In L. Wells (Ed.),
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screenings and were critical in changing public perceptions of slavery and eventually forcing
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298:(a missionary). There she photographed Belgian atrocities against local people with an early
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The art worlds opinion of this type of photography changed markedly in 1967 during curator
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408:, whose 'Health and Safety Game" of 1976 became a model of post-documentary, and
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2008:
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178:), during the period 1868–1878, including most notably the photographers
738:"A New History of Photography" Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft/Michel Frizot 1998
577:(Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press, 2006), pp. 271-348.
551:
American
Frontiers: The Photographs of Timothy H. O'Sullivan, 1867–1874
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379:(MoMA), which brought those two photographers together with their colleague
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brought a new wave of documentary, both of rural and urban conditions. The
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engaged in documenting art traditions with a focus on
African communities.
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741:"Down the Line; Light Rail's First Day; Getting off on the right track";
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to cede control of the territory to the
Belgian government, creating the
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Form of photography used to chronicle significant and historical events
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Maine: a peopled landscape: Salt documentary photography, 1978 to 1995
559:
William Henry
Jackson and the Transformation of the American Landscape
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594:(New York and Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1989).
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Silver Cities: Photographing
American Urbanization, 1839–1939
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In the United States, photographs tracing the progress of the
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690:(pp. 156-160). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
549:(New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1975); Joel Snyder,
590:(New York: Oxford University Press, 1973); Maren Stange,
419:
extensively documented issues surrounded by
American life.
367:. In the early 1960s, his influence on photographers like
325:, a common term for the Historical Division, supervised by
269:
movements. His most famous successor was the photographer
175:
536:
New York and Oxford, England: Routledge, 2007, pp. 619-622
329:, funded legendary photographic documentarians, including
172:
123:
wilderness areas. Nineteenth-century archaeologist
302:camera. The images were widely distributed through
2399:Museum of Modern Art (New York City) exhibitions
2385:
30:, or real life reportage, but it may also be an
561:(Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988).
534:Encyclopedia of Nineteenth Century Photography
463:
64:There might be a discussion about this on the
764:
645:"Photojournalism and Documentary Photography"
588:Documentary Expression and Thirties' America
277:and published in sociological journals like
2316:Conservation and restoration of photographs
439:Documentary photography vs. photojournalism
375:resulted in an important exhibition at the
2043:Comparison of digital and film photography
771:
757:
663:"Michael Rababy: Folsom Street Food Court"
194:Power house mechanic working on steam pump
2268:Photographs considered the most important
232:the city and its crises. The refining of
706:
553:(Millerton, New York: Aperture, 1981);
442:
210:
188:
103:
88:
2386:
447:Contemporary documentary photography:
236:methods, and then the introduction of
752:
449:National Guardsman in Washington D.C.
701:Photography: a critical introduction
133:Commission des Monuments historiques
41:
2263:Museums devoted to one photographer
13:
1805:Timeline of photography technology
532:Will Stapp, "John Beasly Greene",
14:
2410:
703:(pp. 69-75). New York: Routledge.
34:, artistic, or academic pursuit.
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2355:
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46:
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778:
693:
667:The Eye of Photography Magazine
545:Weston Naef and James N. Wood,
357:. Swiss-American photographer
275:National Child Labor Commission
680:
655:
637:
615:
597:
580:
564:
539:
526:
395:social documentary photography
1:
1855:Painted photography backdrops
1787:Golden triangle (composition)
1067:35 mm equivalent focal length
519:
323:Farm Security Administration
7:
1565:Intentional camera movement
496:Black and White Photography
489:
464:Acceptance by the art world
10:
2415:
2258:Most expensive photographs
1610:Multi-exposure HDR capture
732:
131:organized by the official
57:contain a large number of
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2250:
2150:
2093:
1999:
1883:
1795:
1747:
1492:
1259:
1059:
786:
453:Inauguration of Joe Biden
423:documentary photographer
254:The Children of the Slums
2192:Digital image processing
501:Conservation photography
248:How the Other Half Lives
166:and evocative images by
129:Missions Heliographiques
55:This article appears to
2394:Documentary photography
2300:Photography periodicals
1860:Photography and the law
20:Documentary photography
2212:Gelatin silver process
1236:Science of photography
1221:Photographic processes
1199:Perspective distortion
456:
286:In 1900, Englishwoman
228:
200:
174:(a predecessor of the
115:
101:
1665:Schlieren photography
1209:Photographic printing
1132:Exposure compensation
592:Symbols of Ideal Life
446:
308:Leopold II of Belgium
214:
192:
184:William Henry Jackson
107:
92:
1454:Straight photography
1092:Chromatic aberration
623:"Antonin Kratochvil"
480:Museum of Modern Art
377:Museum of Modern Art
141:Edouard Denis Baldus
70:improve this article
2326:photographic plates
2001:Digital photography
1184:Hyperfocal distance
1097:Circle of confusion
627:worldpressphoto.org
451:(2021), during the
347:Marion Post Wolcott
288:Alice Seeley Harris
1820:Autochrome Lumière
1815:Analog photography
1640:Pigeon photography
1434:Social documentary
913:discontinued films
547:Era of Exploration
514:Street photography
457:
429:Antonin Kratochvil
317:In the 1930s, the
296:John Hobbis Harris
294:with her husband,
229:
201:
180:Timothy O'Sullivan
164:Timothy O'Sullivan
152:American Civil War
125:John Beasly Greene
116:
102:
98:Abu Simbel temples
94:John Beasly Greene
2381:
2380:
2172:Collodion process
2108:Chromogenic print
2095:Color photography
1605:Multiple exposure
1580:Lo-fi photography
1112:Color temperature
715:"Documentary Art"
713:Malo, Alejandro.
555:Peter Bacon Hales
383:under the title,
271:Lewis Wickes Hine
168:George N. Barnard
160:Alexander Gardner
87:
86:
2406:
2370:
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2359:
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2232:Print permanence
2177:Cross processing
2135:CMYK color model
2120:Color management
2073:Foveon X3 sensor
2068:Three-CCD camera
1712:Miniature faking
1670:Sabattier effect
1287:Astrophotography
1142:Zebra patterning
773:
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745:, June 27, 2004.
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629:. Archived from
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389:. MoMA curator
319:Great Depression
292:Congo Free State
290:traveled to the
226:Great Depression
96:'s photo of the
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2237:Push processing
2153:
2146:
2140:RGB color model
2089:
1995:
1879:
1791:
1757:Diagonal method
1743:
1488:
1392:Photojournalism
1255:
1087:Black-and-white
1055:
1034:Slide projector
1029:Movie projector
908:available films
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611:. 9 April 2011.
609:The Independent
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586:William Stott,
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470:John Szarkowski
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391:John Szarkowski
373:Lee Friedlander
369:Garry Winogrand
355:photojournalism
145:Gustave Le Gray
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28:photojournalism
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633:on 2012-01-30.
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571:Peter B. Hales
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478:exhibition at
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417:Nicholas Nixon
335:Dorothea Lange
222:Dorothea Lange
217:Migrant Mother
109:Bandit's Roost
85:
84:
68:. Please help
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475:New Documents
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421:South African
418:
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410:Martha Rosler
407:
406:Fred Lonidier
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386:New Documents
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364:The Americans
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312:Belgian Congo
309:
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304:magic lantern
301:
300:Kodak Brownie
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263:Social Gospel
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137:Henri Le Secq
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21:
2338:Polaroid art
2227:K-14 process
2222:Instant film
2217:Gum printing
2167:C-41 process
2152:Photographic
2053:Image sensor
2048:Film scanner
1702:Sun printing
1635:Print toning
1427:space selfie
1397:Pictorialism
1327:Ethnographic
1316:
1307:Conservation
1179:Guide number
1174:Focal length
743:Star Tribune
742:
719:. Retrieved
708:
700:
695:
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682:
671:. Retrieved
669:. 2020-01-20
666:
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631:the original
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433:Fazal Sheikh
414:
402:Allan Sekula
399:
384:
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359:Robert Frank
352:
331:Walker Evans
316:
285:
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251:of 1890 and
246:
234:photogravure
230:
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156:Mathew Brady
149:
132:
119:
117:
108:
75:
56:
25:professional
19:
18:
2343:Stereoscopy
2202:E-6 process
2197:Dye coupler
2125:color space
2038:Digiscoping
2031:camera back
1946:Philippines
1875:Visual arts
1865:Glass plate
1850:Heliography
1749:Composition
1724:Ultraviolet
1680:Stereoscopy
1675:Slow motion
1660:Scanography
1575:Kite aerial
1520:Contre-jour
1412:Post-mortem
1402:Pornography
1382:Neues Sehen
1317:Documentary
1251:Zone System
1226:Reciprocity
1152:Film format
1082:Backscatter
1060:Terminology
930:beauty dish
834:rangefinder
799:light-field
780:Photography
649:harvard.edu
425:Pieter Hugo
381:Diane Arbus
343:John Vachon
339:Russell Lee
327:Roy Stryker
267:Progressive
72:if you can.
2388:Categories
2333:Lomography
2154:processing
2103:Print film
2019:comparison
1986:Uzbekistan
1936:Luxembourg
1896:Bangladesh
1845:Dufaycolor
1825:Box camera
1782:Simplicity
1739:Zoom burst
1734:Xerography
1729:Vignetting
1719:Time-lapse
1707:Tilt–shift
1600:Mordançage
1590:Luminogram
1555:Holography
1550:High-speed
1530:Fill flash
1515:Burst mode
1493:Techniques
1474:Vernacular
1469:Underwater
1464:Toy camera
1444:Still life
1372:Monochrome
1362:High-speed
1312:Cloudscape
1302:Conceptual
1204:Photograph
1189:Lens flare
1169:Film speed
1051:Zone plate
997:wide-angle
982:long-focus
721:2012-11-16
717:. ZoneZero
673:2020-04-09
520:References
280:The Survey
243:Jacob Riis
220:(1936) by
198:Lewis Hine
196:(1920) by
113:Jacob Riis
111:(1914) by
2278:Norwegian
2242:Stop bath
2187:Developer
2182:Cyanotype
1810:Ambrotype
1772:Lead room
1695:Slit-scan
1630:Photogram
1625:Panoramic
1535:Fireworks
1367:Landscape
1012:telephoto
960:reflector
955:monolight
950:lens hood
935:cucoloris
876:safelight
787:Equipment
118:The term
78:July 2016
66:talk page
59:buzzwords
2362:Category
2058:CMOS APS
1956:Slovenia
1884:Regional
1830:Calotype
1767:Headroom
1645:Redscale
1560:Infrared
1510:Brenizer
1484:Wildlife
1407:Portrait
1352:Forensic
1342:Fine-art
1277:Aircraft
1267:Abstract
1147:F-number
1127:Exposure
1102:Clipping
1077:Aperture
945:hot shoe
871:enlarger
866:Darkroom
510:magazine
507:Raw View
490:See also
238:halftone
120:document
2373:Outline
2309:Related
1991:Vietnam
1976:Ukraine
1911:Denmark
1891:Albania
1870:Tintype
1797:History
1762:Framing
1655:Rollout
1620:Panning
1570:Kirlian
1479:Wedding
1357:Glamour
1337:Fashion
1322:Eclipse
1292:Banquet
1214:Albumen
1024:Monopod
1002:fisheye
970:softbox
824:pinhole
814:instant
804:digital
733:Sources
206:Reports
38:History
32:amateur
2371:
2360:
2288:street
2283:Polish
1971:Turkey
1966:Taiwan
1951:Serbia
1941:Norway
1916:Greece
1901:Canada
1500:Afocal
1459:Street
1439:Sports
1422:Selfie
1377:Nature
1332:Erotic
1297:Candid
1272:Aerial
1260:Genres
1162:medium
1039:Tripod
1007:swivel
920:Filter
898:holder
893:format
794:Camera
345:, and
143:, and
100:, 1854
2293:women
2251:Lists
2207:Fixer
2085:Pixel
2014:D-SLR
1961:Sudan
1931:Korea
1926:Japan
1921:India
1906:China
1690:Strip
1615:Night
1595:Macro
1505:Bokeh
1449:Stock
1417:Ruins
1157:large
987:prime
965:snoot
925:Flash
903:stock
844:still
829:press
819:phone
809:field
2321:film
2026:MILC
1525:ETTR
1387:Nude
1347:Fire
1246:Sync
1044:head
992:zoom
977:Lens
940:gobo
888:base
883:Film
859:view
371:and
265:and
182:and
176:USGS
158:and
2063:CCD
854:toy
849:TLR
839:SLR
472:'s
2390::
665:.
647:.
625:.
607:.
573:,
557:,
482:.
397:.
341:,
337:,
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314:.
186:.
147:.
139:,
772:e
765:t
758:v
724:.
676:.
651:.
455:.
80:)
76:(
62:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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