FIDE - Knowledge

656:. Alekhine, the reigning world champion, attended part of the 1928 Congress and agreed to place future matches for the world title under the auspices of FIDE, although any match with Capablanca should be under the same conditions as in Buenos Aires, 1927, i.e., including the requirement for a purse of at least $ 10,000. FIDE accepted this and decided to form a commission to modify the London Rules for future matches, though this commission never met; by the time of the 1929 Congress, a world championship match between Alekhine and Bogoljubow was under way, held neither under the auspices of FIDE nor in accordance with the London Rules. 3257: 167: 1430: 1404: 1378: 1352: 977:

February 1985). Then the match was ended without result by Florencio Campomanes, the President of the World Chess Federation, and a new match was announced to start a few months later. The termination was controversial, as both players stated that they preferred the match to continue. Announcing his decision at a press conference, Campomanes cited the health of the players, which had been strained by the length of the match. Kasparov won the second match and became world champion.

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10 games wins, with draws not counting, but if the result is 9–9 it is considered a tie). The FIDE argued that it was unfair for a challenger to be able to beat the world champion, yet not take his title. Fischer would not back down, and eventually FIDE awarded the title to Karpov by default. Some commentators have questioned whether FIDE president Max Euwe did as much as he could have to prevent Fischer from forfeiting his world title.

1391: 1456: 1443: 6670: 1524: 835:, a member of the Soviet delegation at the tournament, confirmed in 2002 that Petrosian, Keres and Geller privately agreed to draw their games. FIDE responded by changing the format of Candidates Tournaments from a multi-round round-robin to a series of elimination matches, initially 10–12 games in duration; however, by the 1970s, the Candidates final would be as long as 24 games. 47: 1086:, which Kramnik won amidst a controversy that resulted in one game being awarded to Topalov. However, the split in the world title had lingering effects, as evidenced by FIDE’s complex regulations for the 2007-2009 world championship cycle. FIDE decided to grant Topalov a “fast track” entry into the 2007-2009 cycle due to his inability to compete in the 724:, because problems with money and travel in the aftermath of World War II prevented many countries from sending representatives, most notably the Soviet Union. The shortage of clear information resulted in otherwise responsible magazines publishing rumors and speculation, which only made the situation more confused. See 791:, along with the loser of the previous title match and the runner-up in the previous Candidates Tournament; and the winner of the Candidates played a title match against the champion. From 1950 until 1962 inclusive, the Candidates Tournament was a multi-round round-robin—how and why it was changed are described below. 669:

to Capablanca then FIDE's decision should be followed and Capablanca would have to play Flohr in 1940. Most chess writers and players strongly supported the Dutch super-tournament proposal and opposed the committee processes favored by FIDE. While this confusion went unresolved: Euwe lost his title to Alekhine; the

330:, both for individual games (i.e. the board and moves) and for the conduct of international competitions. The international competition rules are the basis for local competitions, although local bodies are allowed to modify these rules to a certain extent. FIDE awards a number of organizational titles, including 747:. The AVRO tournament had brought together the eight players who were, by general acclamation, the best players in the world at the time. Two of the participants at AVRO—Alekhine and former world champion Capablanca—had since died; but FIDE decided that the other six participants at AVRO would play a quadruple 1219:

was ousted as FIDE President, after having been in office for 23 years, since 1995. Being subjected to US sanctions for his business dealings with the Syrian government, Ilyumzhinov was forced out and did not run for re-election in the 2018 FIDE elections. The Greek Georgios Makropoulos, who had been

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was happy with the agreement on the basis that now FIDE itself did not have to expend resources to find organizers for its premier events. The issue of financial guarantees was also important, though as explained below, these have not always materialized. His estimation of 10–12 million euros to FIDE

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for the sum of one pound. At the September 2016 FIDE General Assembly, it was resolved that Agon should institute a corporate presence in a locale with more transparency. Merenzon said that they would register in the United Kingdom within a few months. As a result, a new company, World Chess Limited,

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defeated Kasparov in a match for the now-renamed Braingames World Chess Championship, as the PCA had dissolved by then. Kramnik, like Kasparov, was unwilling to play in a qualifying series and strongly objected to FIDE's attempt to decide the world championship through annual knockout tournaments and

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won the right to challenge in 1975. Fischer refused to accept any match format other than the one he proposed. Among Fischer's demands was a requirement that the challenger must beat him by at least two games in order to take his title (Fischer proposed a match format in which the first player to win

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The proposals which led to the 1948 Championship Tournament also specified the procedure by which challengers for the World Championship would be selected in a three-year cycle: countries affiliated with FIDE would send players to Zonal tournaments (the number varied depending on the number of strong

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By 1994, Kasparov realized that separating from FIDE had been a mistake, as the split in the world championship was unpopular among commercial sponsors and most grandmasters. He began efforts to mend relations with FIDE and supported Campomanes's re-election bid as FIDE president. However, many FIDE

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as the official challenger. Euwe then declared that: if he retained his title against Alekhine he was prepared to meet Flohr in 1940 but he reserved the right to arrange a title match either in 1938 or 1939 with José Raúl Capablanca, who had lost the title to Alekhine in 1927; if Euwe lost his title

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While negotiating his 1937 World Championship re-match with Alekhine, Euwe proposed that if he retained the title, FIDE should manage the nomination of future challengers and the conduct of championship matches. FIDE had been trying since 1935 to introduce rules on how to select challengers, and its

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and the 2022 FIDE congress in Moscow was also revoked. The Russian and Belarusian national teams were banned from participating in FIDE tournaments, although individual players could compete if they complied with strict regulations, in which case their federation and flag was replaced with FIDE and

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FIDE's congresses in 1925 and 1926 expressed a desire to become involved in managing the world championship. FIDE was largely happy with the "London Rules", but claimed that the requirement for a purse of $ 10,000 was impracticable and called upon Capablanca to come to an agreement with the leading

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announced that a new contract has been signed that continues a scaled-back relationship with World Chess (formerly known as AGON) through 2021. In virtue of this new agreement, FIDE reasserted control over the 2020 Candidates and the World Championship match, which from now on will undergo an open

649:. In 1927, FIDE began organizing the First Chess Olympiad during its 4th Congress in London. The official title of the tournament was the "Tournament of Nations", or "World Team Championship", but "Chess Olympiad" became a more popular title. The event was won by Hungary, with 16 teams competing. 976:

In the 1984 world championship match between Karpov and Kasparov the winner was to be the first to win six games. In the first 27 games Karpov gained a 5–0 lead but by the end of the 48th Kasparov had reduced this to 5–3. At this point the match had lasted for 159 days (from September 1984 to

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This situation was exacerbated by the Soviet Union having long refused to join FIDE, and by this time it was clear that about half the credible contenders were Soviet citizens. The Soviet Union realized, however, it could not afford to be left out of the discussions regarding the vacant world

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proposed the "London rules": the first player to win six games outright would win the match; playing sessions would be limited to five hours; the time limit would be 40 moves in 2.5 hours each; the champion would be obliged to defend his title within one year of receiving a challenge from a

1046:. FIDE promptly accepted a bid from Manchester, England, to host the 1993 title match, but without consulting Short, as its rules required; Short was traveling to Greece at the time. Upon learning of this, Short reached out to Kasparov, who had harbored distrust for FIDE and its president, 787:

players each country had); the players who gained the top places in these would compete in an Interzonal tournament (later split into two, then three tournaments as the number of countries and eligible players increased); the highest-placed players from the Interzonal would compete in the

936:(president 1982–1995) continued this policy, with each member nation receiving one vote. Former world champion Anatoly Karpov later said this was a mixed blessing, as the inclusion of so many small, poor countries led to a "leadership vacuum at the head of the world of chess......" 319:(IOC) as the supreme body responsible for the organization of chess and its championships at global and continental levels. Other tournaments are not overseen directly by FIDE, but they generally observe FIDE rules and regulations. Some national chess organizations such as the 870:

After winning the world championship, Fischer criticized the existing championship match format (24 games; the champion retained the title if the match was tied) on the grounds that it encouraged whoever got an early lead to play for draws. While this dispute was going on,

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The condition that Agon would be the sole organizer of Championship events was disputed originally by principally the Bulgarian Chess Federation, with respect to the Candidates matches for 2012. In early 2014, a purported agreement between Paulson and FIDE President

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said in a statement that they do not exclude transgender women from women's tournaments. They also said that no one should have to experience violence and discrimination. Similar statements were also released by the English, Finnish and US chess federations.

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agreed to relinquish his qualifying place at the Interzonal in Fischer's favor, and the other participants waived their right to claim the spot. FIDE president Max Euwe interpreted the rules very flexibly to allow Fischer to play in the 1970 Interzonal at

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of less than $ 10,000 (equivalent to $ 182,000 in 2023); 20% of the purse was to be paid to the title holder, with the remainder being divided, 60 percent to the winner of the match, and 40% to the loser; the highest purse bid must be accepted.

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as the sole shareholder. On February 20, 2012, an agreement between Agon and FIDE was made, subject to approval by the 2012 FIDE General Assembly. This approval was forthcoming in September 2012. In October 2014, Agon was sold to its current CEO

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Several attempts to reunify the world championship in the following years failed for various reasons, including financial constraints and Kasparov's opposition to any plan requiring him to play in a qualifying series. In 2000,

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that made the normal procedure impossible. The situation was confused, with many respected players and commentators offering different solutions. FIDE found it difficult to organize the early discussions on how to resolve the

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After the 2018 FIDE elections and the appointment of a new FIDE President, the new management took regaining control over the World Championship cycle as one of their top priorities. In January 2019, FIDE Director-General

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placed second and Capablanca and Flohr in the bottom places; and the outbreak of World War II in 1939 cut short the controversy. Although competitive chess continued in many countries, including some that were under

7217: 6766: 7237: 1307:'s characterization of the war as a fight against Nazism. FIDE argued that Karjakin's statements had shed a negative light on chess and on the federation and found that he had violated the FIDE code of ethics. 1750: 896:

in 1972. The Soviets demanded that Sosonko be excluded from competitive chess, television or any other event that might publicize his defection. FIDE refused, and no Soviet players took part in the 1974

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or because it thought Kasparov was the greater threat to reigning champion Anatoly Karpov. Their refusal would have meant that Kasparov forfeited his chance of challenging for the title. FIDE president

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in The Netherlands. In a discussion a few days earlier Euwe told Korchnoi, "...of course you will retain all your rights ..." and later opposed Soviet efforts to prevent Korchnoi from challenging for

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was leaked, and then published by Chess.com (and others), which allegedly indicated that Paulson was simply a front man with Ilyumzhinov the ultimate benefactor of Agon. In that Chess.com article

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in Israel despite the Soviet Chess Federation announced its boycott of Israel as the site of the Olympiad and the congress because of what it described as Israeli aggression against Arab states.

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In 2012 FIDE entered into a commercial agreement, initially planned to last until 2021, with the company Agon Limited. This company was given rights to organize and commercially exploit the

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proposed that a super-tournament (AVRO) of ex-champions and rising stars should be held to select the next challenger. FIDE rejected this proposal and at their second attempt nominated

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In August 2023, FIDE implemented a ban on trans women from playing chess in official women's tournaments organised by them, as well as tournaments providing qualification spots to the

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various proposals favored selection by some sort of committee. While they were debating procedures in 1937 and Alekhine and Euwe were preparing for their re-match later that year, the

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pointed out that the purported contract was a draft document. The FIDE Ethics Commission ruled in September 2015 that Ilyumzhinov did not violate the FIDE Code of Ethics.

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championship, and in 1947 sent a telegram apologizing for the absence of Soviet representatives and requesting that the USSR be represented in future FIDE Committees.

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they might have earned while competing as women. The regulation affects those who changed their gender identity after being assigned a FIDE identification number.

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General Secretary since 1990 and number two in the organization under Kirsan's Presidency, was the first to announce his ticket. He was followed by the Englishman

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FIDE funds and manages outreach programs, such as the Chess for Freedom program and awards such as, since 2020, the Svetozar Gligoric Award for fair play.

1058:, whom Short had defeated in the Candidates Tournament. Both Kasparov and Karpov won their respective matches, both claiming the title of world champion. 542:

In 1904, L'union Amicale, a French chess association, attempted to establish an international chess federation. In April 1914, an initiative was taken in

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announced that France will not respect the banishment of transgender people, considering the FIDE decision transphobic. A little later, the

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bidding procedure. Agon/World Chess only retained organizational and commercial rights over the FIDE Grand Prix Series, limited until 2021.

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recognized master; the champion would decide the date of the match; the champion was not obliged to accept a challenge for a

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The eventual solution was similar to FIDE's initial proposal and to a proposal put forward by the Soviet Union (authored by

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On March 22, 2022, FIDE decided to issue a six month ban from competing in rated tournaments against Russian grandmaster

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During his period as president of FIDE (1970–1978) Max Euwe strove to increase the number of member countries, and

309: 3132: 1780: 1287:. As a consequence, Russia and Belarus were forbidden from hosting official FIDE events. The decision to hold the 8745: 8692: 8339: 8273: 8012: 7910: 7838: 6415: 6405: 4921: 4883: 4873: 4493: 3930: 3920: 1103: 316: 278: 274: 250: 3177:"Statement of the German Chess Federation on the "@FIDE_chess Policy on Transgender Chess Players Registration"" 2128: 779:, so five players competed, in a quintuple round robin. Botvinnik won, thus becoming world champion, ending the 8588: 8582: 8439: 8333: 8249: 7784: 7129: 6410: 6400: 6395: 5058: 5020: 4691: 3925: 3888: 3861: 3636: 1051: 842:

because of disagreements about the tournament's format and prize fund. Since that event was being treated as a

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and the associated events in the World Championship cycle. The first tournament it organized was the London

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International Chess Tournament. Further efforts temporarily came to an end as a result of the outbreak of

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in 1894, until 1946, a new World Champion had won the title by defeating the former champion in a match.

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Players made the first attempt to produce rules for world championship matches—in 1922, world champion

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of international chess competition. FIDE was founded in Paris, France, on July 20, 1924. Its motto is

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asserted he had also been told this personally by Paulson. In response, FIDE's deputy vice president

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delegates viewed Campomanes as corrupt, and he agreed to resign in 1995, provided his successor was

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promptly signed them. The only match played under those rules was Capablanca vs Alekhine in 1927.

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withdrew his candidacy at the last minute and expressed his support to the Russian candidate.

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was registered shortly after, replacing Agon as the rights holder in the agreement with FIDE.

550:, to form an international chess federation. Another attempt was made in July 1914 during the 7192: 6365: 6288: 6169: 5869: 5864: 5551: 5274: 5233: 5015: 4566: 3996: 3355: 1421: 1142: 1127: 1043: 953: 804: 788: 331: 297: 3272: 3176: 2454: 2405: 2382: 2337: 2154: 1324: 231:), is an international organization based in Switzerland that connects the various national 7417: 6077: 6014: 5973: 5934: 5716: 5706: 5636: 5450: 5381: 5306: 5191: 4990: 4850: 4840: 4830: 4820: 4810: 4800: 4790: 4780: 4770: 4760: 4735: 4725: 4582: 4572: 4562: 3109: 2685: 1997: 1683: 1434: 1199: 1067: 1047: 970: 961: 933: 401: 363: 236: 2610: 952:'s winning the world championship involved FIDE in two controversies. While arranging the 8: 6530: 6310: 6057: 5944: 5914: 5884: 5856: 5829: 5772: 5673: 5641: 5601: 5556: 5269: 5211: 5086: 5034: 5029: 4956: 4914: 4877: 4318: 4298: 4197: 3735: 3705: 2794: 2114: 1922: 1547: 1288: 1272: 1241: 686:

occupation, there was no international competition and FIDE was inactive during the war.

596: 346: 320: 6067: 3048:"Russian chessmaster banned by world chess federation over support for Ukraine invasion" 1251:(Georgia) in October 2018, Dvorkovich won by 103 votes to 78 against Makropoulos, after 6881: 6637: 6535: 6278: 6082: 5723: 5611: 5574: 5223: 5091: 4844: 4576: 4223: 3465: 3445: 3256: 1447: 1271:, India, in August 2022 Dvorkovich got re-elected by 157 votes to 16 against Ukraine's 1216: 1210: 1183: 1174: 1063: 708: 652:

In 1928, FIDE recognized Bogoljubow as "Champion of FIDE" after he won a match against

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is quoted as having twice been told by Paulson that Ilyuzmhinov owned Agon, and in a

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semi-final matches to be played in 1983, FIDE accepted bids to host Kasparov versus

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said the presence of so many weak countries made it easy to manipulate decisions.

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FIDE found itself embroiled in some controversies relating to the American player

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emerged as the official challenger for Kasparov’s world title after winning the

588: 8492: 8433: 8141: 7748: 7640: 6679: 6595: 6343: 6184: 6047: 6042: 5879: 5874: 5740: 5698: 5668: 5497: 5440: 5328: 5296: 5262: 5255: 5240: 5201: 5196: 5123: 5118: 4963: 4907: 4854: 4659: 3856: 3818: 3695: 3652: 3618: 3590: 3506: 3417: 3011:"Russia's Sergey Karjakin banned from chess for supporting invasion of Ukraine" 2323: 2169: 1953: 1936: 1382: 1356: 1304: 1303:

in which he declared his support for the invasion of Ukraine and for President

1229: 1157: 949: 920: 913: 872: 772: 700: 630: 547: 521: 327: 286: 3029:"Chess Federation Bans Russia, Belarus From Tournaments Over Ukraine Invasion" 1970: 1014: 8735: 8729: 8171: 7970: 7874: 6654: 6644: 6627: 6300: 6283: 6205: 6094: 6052: 6032: 5814: 5796: 5787: 5750: 5683: 5606: 5591: 5546: 5529: 5524: 5514: 5346: 5108: 5046: 4824: 4794: 4784: 4764: 4536: 4359: 4157: 3570: 3560: 2427: 1687: 1474: 1308: 1260: 1107: 937: 860: 847: 832: 800: 611: 350: 22: 3277: 771:(from the United States). FIDE soon accepted a Soviet request to substitute 8528: 6690: 6674: 6600: 6585: 6315: 6136: 6119: 6027: 5961: 5904: 5899: 5631: 5626: 5566: 5509: 5400: 5356: 5128: 5113: 5103: 5039: 5005: 4978: 4946: 4474: 4247: 4116: 3985: 2982:"Russian former deputy PM Dvorkovich re-elected chess federation president" 2706: 1529: 1395: 1187: 1017:

by adding information on neglected viewpoints, or discuss the issue on the

898: 600: 827:, another Soviet player, had been instructed to lose to them (Fischer had 823:

had pre-arranged draws in their games played amongst themselves, and that

803:. The first controversy took place when Fischer alleged that, at the 1962 8516: 8264: 7868: 7856: 5949: 5939: 5688: 5651: 5534: 5145: 5140: 5098: 4951: 4774: 4399: 3526: 1562: 1429: 1403: 1377: 1351: 1252: 1221: 1195: 1039: 864: 820: 764: 720: 678: 571: 555: 354: 342: 775:

for Flohr, and Fine withdrew in order to continue his degree studies in

6590: 5646: 5482: 5472: 5405: 5389: 5081: 3828: 3350: 2049: 1784: 1283:

On February 27, 2022, FIDE issued an official statement condemning the

1055: 843: 816: 776: 760: 756: 674: 665: 638: 559: 366:(chess played by post, email or on online servers) is regulated by the 338: 296:

As part of the World Chess Championship cycle, FIDE also organizes the

282: 5152: 3133:"Some Transgender Women May Be Barred From Women's Chess Competitions" 2161: 1781:"ARISF Association of IOC Recognized International Sports Federations" 973:

negotiated with the Soviet Union, and the match was played in London.

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The election of Arkady Dvorkovich and the end of the Ilyumzhinov era

6293: 5336: 4308: 4288: 3455: 2470:"Vladimir Kramnik: "I am ready for a civilized dialogue with FIDE"" 2445: 2443: 2441: 2420: 1408: 752: 653: 626: 551: 370:, an independent body that cooperates with FIDE where appropriate. 97: 4676: 4485: 2210: 2208: 2206: 2204: 1323:. Additionally, they implemented rules stripping trans men of any 694: 5010: 4278: 4257: 4237: 3224: 1416: 1300: 1268: 1169: 1113: 184: 2438: 2370: 2340:(1988, updated in 2006, 2007 and 2008). Retrieved on 2008-12-27. 1716: 1587: 901:

tournament in The Netherlands because Sosonko was playing in it.

5477: 2201: 2106: 1455: 1442: 1390: 1278: 1248: 1153: 8761:

Association of IOC Recognised International Sports Federations

4026: 2176: 2023: 293:, in which the best teams from the previous Olympiad compete. 202: 4930: 2585:"An Interview With Ilya Merenzon, Organizer of Carlsen-Anand" 2520:. August 7, 2001. Archived from the original on July 11, 2011 1864: 249:

for 'We are one Family'. In 1999, FIDE was recognized by the

246: 232: 77: 2461: 2245:"World Chess Championship 1975 – Fischer forfeits to Karpov" 2236: 2093: 2091: 2089: 1850: 1178:

from the coming cycles has not yet come to fruition either.

1082:

In 2006, a reunification match was held between Kramnik and

7814: 7778: 2557:"FIDE–Agon Agreement, Annex 11, FIDE General Assembly 2012" 1821: 683: 375: 208: 145: 46: 3262: 2393: 2343: 2271: 537: 471:

International Physically Disabled Chess Association (IPCA)

2258: 2256: 2254: 2086: 1696:(second ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 133. 1623:"FIDE Charter, Art. 1 FIDE – Name, legal status and seat" 1240:. Dvorkovich was also one of the chief organizers of the 349:

title. It also awards titles to composers and solvers of

6669: 4899: 2492: 2296: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2142: 1523: 985: 831:, well behind Petrosian, Keres and Geller). Grandmaster 486:

New Caledonia Chess Federation (LENC) *Affiliated Member

269:

since 1948. FIDE also organizes world championships for

21:"Fide" redirects here. For the community in Sweden, see 2506: 2315: 253:(IOC). As of December 21, 2023, there are 201 8703:

Global Association of International Sports Federations

2961: 2830: 2582: 2251: 2064: 1588:"FIDE new office in Lausanne is now fully operational" 1314: 2139: 2004: 217: 199: 7726: 3084:"Oh Great, Now I Can't Play Chess Because I'm Trans" 2753:"Minutes of 2012 FIDE General Assembly, Section 4.3" 1799: 1519: 468:

International Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF)

205: 3250: 3131:Moses, Claire; McCarthy, Lauren (August 17, 2023). 2402:"The Schism: Two World Chess Champions (1993–1996)" 2280:"Yuri Averbakh: An Interview with History – Part 2" 1865:"92nd FIDE General Assembly: results and decisions" 1137:Agon subsequently organized the four events in the 196: 159: 3225:"1st FIDE Council Meeting 2023: List of decisions" 3005: 3003: 2974: 2831:Doggers (PeterDoggers), Peter (January 30, 2014). 2185:"Yuri Averbakh, An Interview with History, Part 2" 1987: 1985: 1983: 1923:"African Chess Confederation (ACC) FIDE Directory" 1299:. Karjakin had posted controversial statements on 1094:won the tournament and became the world champion. 859:, which he won convincingly. Fischer then crushed 2962:Doggers (PeterDoggers), Peter (October 4, 2018). 2893:"2015 FIDE Ethics Commission report, case 7/2014" 2500:"Kramnik vs Topalov, 2006 – Toiletgate in Elista" 1943:(Exeter, Devon, England). 27 December 1904. p. 2. 1814: 345:for achievement in competitive play, such as the 8727: 3066:"Trans women banned from top level female chess" 2551: 2549: 2170:"World Chess Championship FIDE Events 1948–1990" 1975:Cheltenham Chronicle and Gloucestershire Graphic 1719:. FIDE (April 8, 2009). Retrieved on 2013-07-28. 1126:event in September 2012, followed by the London 943: 927: 477:Isle of Man Chess Association *Affiliated Member 462:International Chess Committee of the Deaf (ICCD) 3000: 2583:Doggers (PeterDoggers), Peter (December 2014). 2214: 2152: 2121: 2013:"The Mad Aussie's Chess Trivia – Archive No. 3" 1980: 695:Birth of the World Championship challenge cycle 465:International Computer Games Association (ICGA) 265:FIDE's most visible activity is organizing the 7775:(baseball, softball and Baseball5) (associate) 1960:(Calgary, Alberta, Canada). 2 May 1914. p. 10. 1170:FIDE and Agon/World Chess contract controversy 1114:Commercial agreement with Agon and World Chess 838:Then, in 1969, Fischer refused to play in the 794: 459:International Braille Chess Association (IBCA) 7712: 6706: 4915: 4692: 4501: 4012: 3307: 3293: 3273:"Chess: The History of FIDE" by Edward Winter 3130: 2546: 1553:International Correspondence Chess Federation 1472: 501:World Federation for Chess Composition (WFCC) 380:, an increase from the 2021 budget which was 368:International Correspondence Chess Federation 6720: 2807:English Translation of Ilyumzhinov interview 2578: 2576: 2352:"White knight who brought down the Red king" 2277: 2182: 2070: 1826:(portal to other FIDE ratings-related pages) 1279:Reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine 879: 614:in Paris in 1924 and would be hosted by the 225: 3263:Official Online Platform: Fide Online Arena 2852:Nigel Short, New In Chess 2014 #2, page 43] 2451:"The Saga of Chess Unification (1994–2006)" 2302: 2038: 1682: 492:Portuguese-speaking Federations Association 420: 240: 7719: 7705: 6713: 6699: 4922: 4908: 4699: 4685: 4508: 4494: 4019: 4005: 3300: 3286: 3255: 2679:"2014 Candidates Regulations, Section 4.8" 165: 4039:List of Women's World Chess Championships 2573: 2426: 2379:"FIDE World Chess Championship 1948–1990" 1977:(Cheltenham, England). 11 Jul 1914. p. 8. 1232:. The last to announce his candidacy was 447:Confederation of Chess for Americas (CCA) 413:Confederation of Chess for Americas (CCA) 8756:Sports organizations established in 1924 3045: 2667:from the original on September 12, 2014. 2467: 1088:2007 World Chess Championship Tournament 884:FIDE had a number of conflicts with the 441:Chess Association of Black Sea Countries 3268:"FIDE: The Prehistory" by Edward Winter 2863:"International Chess Federation – FIDE" 2625:"International Chess Federation – FIDE" 2349: 2010: 1909:"World Chess Federation FIDE Directory" 1851:"Svetozar Gligoric Award for fair play" 1751:"International Chess Federation – FIDE" 1710: 1609:"World Chess Federation FIDE Directory" 538:Foundation and early years (up to 1939) 8728: 2812: 2432:"The Garry Kasparov Interview, Part 2" 2262: 2112: 2097: 2029: 456:Iberoamerican Chess Federation (FIBDA) 8698:International World Games Association 7700: 6694: 4903: 4680: 4489: 4000: 3281: 3200: 3106:International Chess Federation (FIDE) 2655:"FIDE Grand Prix 2014–15 Regulations" 2321: 2242: 2167: 1837:"About the Chess for Freedom program" 986:World Championship divided, 1993–2006 904:In 1976 world championship contender 480:Mediterranean Chess Association (MCA) 453:Francophone Chess Association (AIDEF) 323:use minor differences to FIDE rules. 183:, commonly referred to by its French 4060:FIDE Women's Grand Swiss Tournament‎ 2741:from the original on August 1, 2014. 2569:from the original on April 20, 2016. 2376: 2350:Johnson, Daniel (November 6, 2007). 2324:"1984 Karpov – Kasparov Title Match" 2305:"A crisis is looming in chess world" 2292:from the original on March 30, 2004. 2197:from the original on March 30, 2004. 1991: 1657: 1558:List of FIDE chess world number ones 1495: 1102:In 1999, FIDE was recognised by the 989: 726:Interregnum of World Chess Champions 629:in 1926, also decided to organize a 227:Fédération Internationale des Échecs 38:Fédération Internationale des Échecs 4706: 4515: 2964:"Dvorkovich Elected FIDE President" 2929:from the original on June 23, 2019. 2917:"FIDE Ethics decision, case 7/2014" 2905:from the original on July 14, 2017. 2765:from the original on June 23, 2019. 2232:from the original on July 27, 2004. 1639:from the original on April 27, 2020 1315:Restrictions on transgender players 755:(from The Netherlands); Botvinnik, 13: 8048:(baseball, softball and Baseball5) 2819:Minutes 2012 FIDE General Assembly 2776:2016 FIDE General Assembly Minutes 2100:"Chess Notes Archive [17]" 1342: 1205: 1097: 410:African Chess Confederation (ACC) 18:International chess governing body 14: 8772: 4028:Women's World Chess Championships 3320:List of World Chess Championships 3242: 3201:Baska, Maggie (August 20, 2023). 3046:McKinnon, Kyle (March 22, 2022). 2603:"» Anand – Carlsen, Chennai 2013" 2468:Vasiliev, Y (November 14, 2004). 2399: 1971:An International Chess Federation 1224:, a world title contender in the 1152:Agon had been founded in 2012 in 489:Oceania Chess Confederation (OCC) 426:African Chess Confederation (ACC) 416:Oceania Chess Confederation (OCC) 7997:(skiing and snowboarding sports) 7728:International sports federations 6668: 6339:List of strong chess tournaments 4469: 4460: 4459: 3980: 3971: 3970: 2514:"FIDE to adopt IOC Medical Code" 1522: 1454: 1441: 1428: 1415: 1402: 1389: 1376: 1363: 1350: 994: 677:under a tie-breaking rule, with 517:Women's World Chess Championship 498:South Asian Chess Council (SACC) 474:International School Chess Union 310:FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 2019 285:. Another flagship event is the 192: 45: 8693:International Olympic Committee 5312:Gökyay Association Chess Museum 3217: 3194: 3169: 3143: 3124: 3094: 3076: 3058: 3039: 3021: 2955: 2933: 2909: 2885: 2855: 2843: 2824: 2800: 2788: 2769: 2745: 2721: 2695: 2671: 2647: 2617: 2595: 2330: 2265:"Campo's Legacy to World Chess" 1963: 1946: 1929: 1915: 1901: 1879: 1857: 1843: 1829: 1466: 1130:in March 2013, and the Chennai 1104:International Olympic Committee 980: 689: 495:Small Nations Chess Association 317:International Olympic Committee 251:International Olympic Committee 2303:Burns, J.F. (August 6, 1983). 1887:"FIDE in good financial shape" 1773: 1743: 1722: 1676: 1651: 1615: 1601: 1580: 1267:At FIDE's general assembly in 1052:Professional Chess Association 919:FIDE decided to hold the 1976 743:was used as the basis for the 444:Commonwealth Chess Association 395: 177:International Chess Federation 31:International Chess Federation 1: 8567:(Gaelic football and hurling) 6437:Computer chess championships 4065:Women's Candidates Tournament 2220:"Remembering Max Euwe Part 1" 2115:"World Championship Disorder" 2032:"Capablanca v Alekhine, 1927" 1693:The Oxford Companion to Chess 1573: 1226:World Chess Championship 1993 1079:to shorten game time limits. 944:World Championship, 1983–1985 928:Rapid expansion of membership 892:The defection of grandmaster 763:(from the Soviet Union); and 622:masters to revise the Rules. 438:Balkan Chess Federation (BCF) 373:The FIDE budget for 2022 was 2076:"Whose Title Is it, Anyway?" 1662:. Collier Books. p. 7. 888:. These conflicts included: 745:1948 Championship Tournament 606:In 1922, the Russian master 407:Asian Chess Federation (ACF) 235:federations and acts as the 7: 8495:(Australian rules football) 7951:Winter Olympics Federations 7741:Summer Olympics Federations 6214:Bishop and knight checkmate 3341:FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 3330:Knockout format (1998–2004) 2453:. About.com. Archived from 2404:. About.com. Archived from 2381:. about.com. Archived from 1515: 1500:(2nd ed.). Macmillan. 1285:Russian invasion of Ukraine 795:Bobby Fischer controversies 429:Arab Chess Federation (ACF) 10: 8777: 6382:Other world championships 1660:The Official Laws of Chess 1498:The Official Laws of Chess 1479:The Official Laws of Chess 1247:In the elections, held in 625:FIDE's third congress, in 532: 450:European Chess Union (ECU) 387: 315:FIDE is recognized by the 255:member federations of FIDE 110:203 national associations 88:International organization 20: 8710:IOC recognition withdrawn 8688: 8627:(radio-controlled racing) 8479: 8397: 8259: 8004: 7944: 7799:(dance sport) (associate) 7734: 7416: 7143: 6960: 6732: 6663: 6573: 6476: 6329: 6224:Opposite-coloured bishops 6204: 6150: 6013: 5855: 5795: 5786: 5697: 5565: 5426: 5327: 5163: 5067: 4937: 4929: 4864: 4749: 4714: 4596: 4523: 4455: 4423: 4338: 4267: 4136: 4073: 4034: 3966: 3850:Other world championships 3849: 3759: 3676: 3635: 3628: 3475: 3364: 3315: 3309:World Chess Championships 2538:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1009:toward certain viewpoints 880:Other 1970s controversies 505: 483:MITROPA Chess Association 432:ASEAN Chess Confederation 154: 138: 126: 114: 104: 93: 83: 61: 53: 44: 35: 8246:(waterski and wakeboard) 7967:(bobsleigh and skeleton) 6356:World Chess Championship 5317:World Chess Hall of Fame 4055:Women's Chess World Cup‎ 2729:"Agon Corporate Records" 2153:Winter, E. (2003–2004). 1958:The Calgary Daily Herald 1941:Devon and Exeter Gazette 1568: 1238:Russian Chess Federation 1147:World Chess Championship 1132:World Chess Championship 1120:World Chess Championship 512:World Chess Championship 421:Affiliated Organizations 267:World Chess Championship 36: 8715:Seeking IOC recognition 8472:(table football/soccer) 6650:Simultaneous exhibition 6560:Chess newspaper columns 6249:Rook and bishop vs rook 6234:Queen and pawn vs queen 4866:Women's Chess World Cup 4598:FIDE Women's Grand Prix 4050:FIDE Women's Grand Prix 2703:"Sochi 2014 Organizers" 2157:. Chess History Center. 1477:; Lim, Kok Ann (1985). 1336:German Chess Federation 1332:French Chess Federation 1321:Women's Chess World Cup 1139:FIDE Grand Prix 2014–15 1066:, the president of the 886:Soviet Chess Federation 616:French Chess Federation 291:World Team Championship 260: 67:; 100 years ago 8746:Chess governing bodies 6100:Richter–Veresov Attack 6088:Queen's Indian Defence 2809:(Chess In Translation) 2781:July 14, 2017, at the 2613:on September 26, 2013. 2048:. FIDE. Archived from 1717:World Chess Federation 1543:Chess around the world 948:The events leading to 751:. These players were: 749:round-robin tournament 662:Dutch Chess Federation 608:Eugene Znosko-Borovsky 435:Asian Chess Federation 341:of players and awards 241: 226: 181:World Chess Federation 8537:(Brazilian jiu-jitsu) 8403:observer members (11) 8011:Others recognised by 6366:Candidates Tournament 6254:Rook and pawn vs rook 6219:King and pawn vs king 6170:List of chess gambits 6073:King's Indian Defence 5751:Isolated Queen's Pawn 5275:List of chess players 5217:Top player comparison 5016:Internet chess server 3356:Candidates Tournament 2850:Short Stories (Agony) 2821:Section 4.3 (page 18) 2795:Ilyumzhinov interview 2457:on December 11, 2007. 2278:Kingston, T. (2002). 2183:Kingston, T. (2002). 1954:Chess: Notes and News 1143:Candidates Tournament 1128:Candidates Tournament 1044:Candidates Tournament 954:Candidates Tournament 850:in 1972. Grandmaster 811:, the Soviet players 805:Candidates Tournament 789:Candidates Tournament 332:International Arbiter 298:Candidates Tournament 8597:(mixed martial arts) 8573:(downhill ice cross) 8430:(kettlebell lifting) 8354:(practical shooting) 8210:(ski mountaineering) 6078:Nimzo-Indian Defence 5974:Scandinavian Defense 5935:Semi-Italian Opening 5840:King's Indian Attack 5729:first-move advantage 5382:Threefold repetition 5307:Bobby Fischer Center 5192:Charlemagne chessmen 5186:Göttingen manuscript 5150: 4991:Correspondence chess 2785:Section 4.2, page 19 2691:on October 23, 2013. 2635:on September 6, 2019 2607:chennai2013.fide.com 2135:on October 20, 2008. 2074:, Y. (August 1998). 2000:on October 28, 2009. 1761:on November 14, 2016 1730:"Member Federations" 1435:Florencio Campomanes 1200:Georgios Makropoulos 1068:Republic of Kalmykia 1048:Florencio Campomanes 971:Florencio Campomanes 962:Pasadena, California 934:Florencio Campomanes 711:'s death created an 567:José Raúl Capablanca 402:European Chess Union 364:Correspondence chess 337:FIDE calculates the 8240:(university sports) 8234:(underwater sports) 8030:(American football) 7853:(modern pentathlon) 6311:Two knights endgame 6058:Bogo-Indian Defence 5945:Two Knights Defense 5885:Nimzowitsch Defence 5575:Artificial castling 5212:Soviet chess school 5087:Dubrovnik chess set 3112:on January 22, 2024 2873:on December 8, 2015 2709:on December 8, 2015 2480:on October 15, 2007 2052:on January 11, 2008 1867:. December 29, 2021 1787:on January 22, 2021 1548:FIDE World Rankings 1289:2022 Chess Olympiad 1273:Andrii Baryshpolets 1242:2018 FIFA World Cup 1015:improve the article 673:in 1938 was won by 321:US Chess Federation 32: 8639:(snowshoe running) 8603:(mountain running) 8156:(motorcycle sport) 8060:(billiards sports) 6541:endgame literature 6083:Old Indian Defense 5993:Accelerated Dragon 5865:Alekhine's Defence 5597:Checkmate patterns 5466:symbols in Unicode 5461:annotation symbols 5224:Geography of chess 5092:Staunton chess set 4339:Alternating format 3137:The New York Times 2430:(April 14, 2005). 2387:Also available on 2225:. The Chess Cafe. 1889:. December 8, 2020 1448:Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 1217:Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 1184:Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 1175:Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 1134:in November 2013. 1064:Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 728:for more details. 709:Alexander Alekhine 378:12.84 million 65:July 20, 1924 30: 8723: 8722: 8120:(ice stock sport) 7694: 7693: 6688: 6687: 6565:Chess periodicals 6494:Chess in the arts 6426:Chess composition 6264:Philidor position 6200: 6199: 6142:Trompowsky Attack 6125:Semi-Slav Defence 6015:Queen's Pawn Game 5895:Four Knights Game 5870:Caro–Kann Defence 5835:Zukertort Opening 5622:Discovered attack 5342:Cheating in chess 5179:Versus de scachis 4897: 4896: 4674: 4673: 4483: 4482: 4074:Tournament format 3994: 3993: 3755: 3754: 3035:. March 16, 2022. 3017:. March 21, 2022. 2408:on April 12, 2006 2385:on July 20, 2008. 2190:. chesscafe.com. 1538:FIDE Online Arena 1461:Arkady Dvorkovich 1234:Arkady Dvorkovich 1145:in 2014, and the 1092:Viswanathan Anand 1036: 1035: 916:'s title in 1978. 857:Palma de Mallorca 840:U.S. Championship 737:Mikhail Botvinnik 699:From the time of 326:FIDE defines the 173: 172: 133:Viswanathan Anand 121:Arkady Dvorkovich 8768: 8669:(touch football) 8651:(sport stacking) 8561:(fullbore rifle) 8162:(mountaineering) 7991:(skating sports) 7889:(sport climbing) 7751:(aquatic sports) 7721: 7714: 7707: 7698: 7697: 6722:National members 6715: 6708: 6701: 6692: 6691: 6675:Chess portal 6673: 6672: 6616:Leela Chess Zero 6547:Oxford Companion 6499:early literature 6489:Chess aesthetics 6229:Pawnless endgame 6180:Bongcloud Attack 6158:List of openings 6130:Chigorin Defense 6068:Grünfeld Defence 5979:Sicilian Defence 5925:Ponziani Opening 5920:Philidor Defence 5915:Petrov's Defence 5857:King's Pawn Game 5830:Larsen's Opening 5793: 5792: 5154: 4924: 4917: 4910: 4901: 4900: 4701: 4694: 4687: 4678: 4677: 4510: 4503: 4496: 4487: 4486: 4473: 4463: 4462: 4268:Knock-out format 4021: 4014: 4007: 3998: 3997: 3984: 3974: 3973: 3633: 3632: 3302: 3295: 3288: 3279: 3278: 3259: 3254: 3253: 3251:Official website 3236: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3173: 3167: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3147: 3141: 3140: 3128: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3108:. Archived from 3098: 3092: 3091: 3080: 3074: 3073: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3043: 3037: 3036: 3025: 3019: 3018: 3007: 2998: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2988:. August 7, 2022 2978: 2972: 2971: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2937: 2931: 2930: 2928: 2921: 2913: 2907: 2906: 2904: 2897: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2869:. Archived from 2859: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2840: 2828: 2822: 2816: 2810: 2804: 2798: 2792: 2786: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2764: 2757: 2749: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2733: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2705:. Archived from 2699: 2693: 2692: 2690: 2684:. Archived from 2683: 2675: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2659: 2651: 2645: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2631:. Archived from 2621: 2615: 2614: 2609:. Archived from 2599: 2593: 2592: 2580: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2561: 2553: 2544: 2543: 2537: 2529: 2527: 2525: 2510: 2504: 2503: 2496: 2490: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2476:. Archived from 2474:Vladimir Kramnik 2465: 2459: 2458: 2447: 2436: 2435: 2424: 2418: 2417: 2415: 2413: 2397: 2391: 2386: 2374: 2368: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2347: 2341: 2334: 2328: 2327: 2319: 2313: 2312: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2291: 2284: 2275: 2269: 2268: 2260: 2249: 2248: 2240: 2234: 2233: 2231: 2224: 2212: 2199: 2198: 2196: 2189: 2180: 2174: 2173: 2165: 2159: 2158: 2150: 2137: 2136: 2131:. Archived from 2125: 2119: 2118: 2110: 2104: 2103: 2095: 2084: 2083: 2068: 2062: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2042: 2036: 2035: 2027: 2021: 2020: 2019:on May 16, 2008. 2015:. Archived from 2008: 2002: 2001: 1996:. Archived from 1989: 1978: 1967: 1961: 1950: 1944: 1933: 1927: 1926: 1919: 1913: 1912: 1905: 1899: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1883: 1877: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1861: 1855: 1854: 1847: 1841: 1840: 1833: 1827: 1825: 1818: 1812: 1810: 1803: 1797: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1783:. Archived from 1777: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1757:. Archived from 1747: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1708: 1707: 1680: 1674: 1673: 1655: 1649: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1638: 1627: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1605: 1599: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1584: 1532: 1527: 1526: 1511: 1492: 1473:Kazic, Bozidar; 1459: 1458: 1446: 1445: 1433: 1432: 1422:Friðrik Ólafsson 1420: 1419: 1407: 1406: 1394: 1393: 1381: 1380: 1368: 1367: 1355: 1354: 1076:Vladimir Kramnik 1031: 1028: 1022: 998: 997: 990: 910:political asylum 844:Zonal tournament 813:Tigran Petrosian 769:Samuel Reshevsky 705:Wilhelm Steinitz 383: 379: 244: 229: 220: 215: 214: 211: 210: 207: 204: 201: 198: 169: 164: 161: 149: 128:Deputy President 75: 73: 68: 49: 33: 29: 8776: 8775: 8771: 8770: 8769: 8767: 8766: 8765: 8741:Chess in France 8726: 8725: 8724: 8719: 8684: 8681:(ultra running) 8675:(trail running) 8475: 8402: 8393: 8384:(sport fishing) 8282:(arm wrestling) 8261: 8255: 8054:(basque pelota) 8009: 8000: 7949: 7940: 7931:(weightlifting) 7859:(roller sports) 7739: 7730: 7725: 7695: 7690: 7412: 7139: 6956: 6728: 6719: 6689: 6684: 6667: 6659: 6569: 6555:Chess libraries 6472: 6376:FIDE Grand Prix 6371:Chess World Cup 6325: 6321:Wrong rook pawn 6259:Lucena position 6196: 6146: 6063:Catalan Opening 6038:English Defence 6023:Budapest Gambit 6009: 5967:Austrian Attack 5851: 5820:English Opening 5782: 5778:School of chess 5761:Minority attack 5693: 5662:Queen sacrifice 5561: 5422: 5418:White and Black 5413:Touch-move rule 5372:Perpetual check 5367:Fifty-move rule 5323: 5159: 5156: 5063: 4933: 4928: 4898: 4893: 4860: 4745: 4710: 4708:Chess World Cup 4705: 4675: 4670: 4592: 4525:FIDE Grand Prix 4519: 4517:FIDE Grand Prix 4514: 4484: 4479: 4451: 4419: 4334: 4263: 4132: 4069: 4046: 4030: 4025: 3995: 3990: 3962: 3845: 3751: 3672: 3624: 3471: 3360: 3346:FIDE Grand Prix 3336:Chess World Cup 3332: 3311: 3306: 3249: 3248: 3245: 3240: 3239: 3229: 3227: 3223: 3222: 3218: 3208: 3206: 3199: 3195: 3185: 3183: 3175: 3174: 3170: 3160: 3158: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3129: 3125: 3115: 3113: 3100: 3099: 3095: 3082: 3081: 3077: 3064: 3063: 3059: 3044: 3040: 3027: 3026: 3022: 3015:theguardian.com 3009: 3008: 3001: 2991: 2989: 2980: 2979: 2975: 2960: 2956: 2946: 2944: 2943:. July 26, 2018 2939: 2938: 2934: 2926: 2919: 2915: 2914: 2910: 2902: 2895: 2891: 2890: 2886: 2876: 2874: 2861: 2860: 2856: 2848: 2844: 2829: 2825: 2817: 2813: 2805: 2801: 2793: 2789: 2783:Wayback Machine 2774: 2770: 2762: 2755: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2738: 2731: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2712: 2710: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2688: 2681: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2664: 2657: 2653: 2652: 2648: 2638: 2636: 2623: 2622: 2618: 2601: 2600: 2596: 2581: 2574: 2566: 2559: 2555: 2554: 2547: 2531: 2530: 2523: 2521: 2512: 2511: 2507: 2498: 2497: 2493: 2483: 2481: 2466: 2462: 2449: 2448: 2439: 2425: 2421: 2411: 2409: 2398: 2394: 2389:FIDE's Web site 2375: 2371: 2361: 2359: 2348: 2344: 2338:The Termination 2336:Edward Winter, 2335: 2331: 2320: 2316: 2301: 2297: 2289: 2282: 2276: 2272: 2261: 2252: 2241: 2237: 2229: 2222: 2216:Gennadi Sosonko 2213: 2202: 2194: 2187: 2181: 2177: 2166: 2162: 2151: 2140: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2111: 2107: 2096: 2087: 2069: 2065: 2055: 2053: 2044: 2043: 2039: 2028: 2024: 2009: 2005: 1990: 1981: 1968: 1964: 1951: 1947: 1934: 1930: 1921: 1920: 1916: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1892: 1890: 1885: 1884: 1880: 1870: 1868: 1863: 1862: 1858: 1849: 1848: 1844: 1835: 1834: 1830: 1820: 1819: 1815: 1811:(contents page) 1807:"FIDE Handbook" 1805: 1804: 1800: 1790: 1788: 1779: 1778: 1774: 1764: 1762: 1749: 1748: 1744: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1727: 1723: 1715: 1711: 1704: 1681: 1677: 1670: 1656: 1652: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1616: 1607: 1606: 1602: 1592: 1590: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1528: 1521: 1518: 1508: 1489: 1469: 1453: 1440: 1427: 1414: 1401: 1388: 1375: 1370:Augusto De Muro 1362: 1349: 1345: 1343:FIDE presidents 1317: 1297:Sergey Karjakin 1281: 1213: 1208: 1206:2018 to present 1172: 1124:FIDE Grand Prix 1116: 1100: 1098:IOC recognition 1084:Veselin Topalov 1032: 1026: 1023: 1012: 999: 995: 988: 983: 958:Victor Korchnoi 946: 930: 906:Viktor Korchnoi 894:Gennadi Sosonko 882: 825:Viktor Korchnoi 797: 741:AVRO tournament 697: 692: 671:AVRO tournament 540: 535: 527:FIDE Grand Prix 508: 423: 398: 390: 382:€4 million 381: 374: 306:FIDE Grand Prix 302:Chess World Cup 263: 218: 195: 191: 158: 144: 141: 129: 117: 107: 71: 69: 66: 40: 26: 19: 12: 11: 5: 8774: 8764: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8721: 8720: 8718: 8717: 8712: 8706: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8689: 8686: 8685: 8683: 8682: 8676: 8670: 8664: 8663:(tent pegging) 8658: 8657:(table hockey) 8652: 8646: 8640: 8634: 8628: 8622: 8616: 8610: 8609:(ocean rowing) 8604: 8598: 8592: 8586: 8580: 8574: 8568: 8562: 8556: 8550: 8544: 8538: 8532: 8526: 8520: 8514: 8513:(bodyboarding) 8508: 8502: 8496: 8490: 8483: 8481: 8477: 8476: 8474: 8473: 8467: 8466:(rugby league) 8461: 8455: 8449: 8443: 8437: 8431: 8425: 8419: 8413: 8406: 8404: 8395: 8394: 8392: 8391: 8385: 8379: 8373: 8367: 8366:(sepak takraw) 8361: 8355: 8349: 8348:(powerlifting) 8343: 8337: 8331: 8325: 8319: 8313: 8307: 8301: 8295: 8289: 8288:(bodybuilding) 8283: 8277: 8270: 8268: 8257: 8256: 8254: 8253: 8247: 8241: 8235: 8229: 8223: 8217: 8211: 8205: 8199: 8193: 8192:(powerboating) 8187: 8181: 8180:(orienteering) 8175: 8169: 8163: 8157: 8151: 8145: 8139: 8133: 8127: 8121: 8115: 8109: 8103: 8097: 8091: 8085: 8079: 8073: 8067: 8061: 8055: 8049: 8043: 8037: 8031: 8025: 8018: 8016: 8002: 8001: 7999: 7998: 7992: 7986: 7980: 7974: 7968: 7962: 7955: 7953: 7942: 7941: 7939: 7938: 7932: 7926: 7920: 7914: 7908: 7902: 7901:(table tennis) 7896: 7890: 7884: 7878: 7872: 7866: 7860: 7854: 7848: 7842: 7841:(field hockey) 7836: 7830: 7824: 7818: 7812: 7806: 7800: 7794: 7788: 7782: 7776: 7770: 7764: 7758: 7752: 7745: 7743: 7732: 7731: 7724: 7723: 7716: 7709: 7701: 7692: 7691: 7689: 7688: 7683: 7678: 7673: 7668: 7663: 7658: 7653: 7648: 7643: 7638: 7633: 7628: 7623: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7603: 7598: 7593: 7588: 7583: 7578: 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7508: 7503: 7498: 7493: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7422: 7420: 7414: 7413: 7411: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7345: 7340: 7335: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7149: 7147: 7141: 7140: 7138: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7012: 7007: 7002: 6997: 6992: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6972: 6966: 6964: 6962:Americas (CCA) 6958: 6957: 6955: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6738: 6736: 6730: 6729: 6718: 6717: 6710: 6703: 6695: 6686: 6685: 6683: 6682: 6677: 6664: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6641: 6640: 6635: 6625: 6624: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6598: 6596:Chess composer 6593: 6588: 6583: 6577: 6575: 6571: 6570: 6568: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6551: 6550: 6543: 6538: 6528: 6527: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6491: 6486: 6480: 6478: 6474: 6473: 6471: 6470: 6469: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6451:North American 6448: 6443: 6435: 6434: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6380: 6379: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6353: 6352: 6351: 6344:Chess Olympiad 6341: 6335: 6333: 6327: 6326: 6324: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6297: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6268: 6267: 6266: 6261: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6210: 6208: 6202: 6201: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6194: 6193: 6192: 6190:Scholar's mate 6187: 6182: 6172: 6167: 6166: 6165: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6133: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6105:Queen's Gambit 6102: 6097: 6092: 6091: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6048:Benoni Defence 6043:Indian Defence 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6019: 6017: 6011: 6010: 6008: 6007: 6006: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5986: 5976: 5971: 5970: 5969: 5959: 5957:Owen's Defence 5954: 5953: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5887: 5882: 5880:Modern Defence 5877: 5875:French Defence 5872: 5867: 5861: 5859: 5853: 5852: 5850: 5849: 5848: 5847: 5842: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5810:Bird's Opening 5807: 5801: 5799: 5790: 5784: 5783: 5781: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5764: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5741:Pawn structure 5738: 5733: 5732: 5731: 5721: 5720: 5719: 5709: 5703: 5701: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5665: 5664: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5588: 5587: 5585:Alekhine's gun 5577: 5571: 5569: 5563: 5562: 5560: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5538: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5507: 5502: 5501: 5500: 5498:Half-open file 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5469: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5441:Chess notation 5438: 5432: 5430: 5424: 5423: 5421: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5398: 5396:Pawn promotion 5393: 5386: 5385: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5333: 5331: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5321: 5320: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5299: 5297:Women in chess 5294: 5293: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5272: 5267: 5266: 5265: 5260: 5259: 5258: 5253: 5243: 5238: 5237: 5236: 5221: 5220: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5207:Hypermodernism 5204: 5202:Romantic chess 5199: 5197:Lewis chessmen 5194: 5189: 5182: 5169: 5167: 5161: 5160: 5158: 5157: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5137: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5096: 5095: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5073: 5071: 5065: 5064: 5062: 5061: 5056: 5055: 5054: 5044: 5043: 5042: 5037: 5035:world rankings 5027: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5023: 5013: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4964:Computer chess 4961: 4960: 4959: 4949: 4943: 4941: 4935: 4934: 4927: 4926: 4919: 4912: 4904: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4891: 4881: 4870: 4868: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4858: 4848: 4838: 4828: 4818: 4808: 4798: 4788: 4778: 4768: 4757: 4755: 4747: 4746: 4744: 4743: 4733: 4722: 4720: 4712: 4711: 4704: 4703: 4696: 4689: 4681: 4672: 4671: 4669: 4668: 4663: 4653: 4643: 4633: 4623: 4613: 4602: 4600: 4594: 4593: 4591: 4590: 4580: 4570: 4560: 4550: 4540: 4529: 4527: 4521: 4520: 4513: 4512: 4505: 4498: 4490: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4477: 4467: 4456: 4453: 4452: 4450: 4449: 4442: 4427: 4425: 4421: 4420: 4418: 4417: 4403: 4393: 4383: 4373: 4363: 4353: 4342: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4333: 4332: 4322: 4312: 4302: 4292: 4282: 4271: 4269: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4261: 4251: 4241: 4227: 4201: 4198:Gaprindashvili 4175: 4161: 4151: 4140: 4138: 4134: 4133: 4131: 4130: 4120: 4077: 4075: 4071: 4070: 4068: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4041: 4035: 4032: 4031: 4024: 4023: 4016: 4009: 4001: 3992: 3991: 3989: 3988: 3978: 3967: 3964: 3963: 3961: 3960: 3959: 3958: 3953: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3911:Correspondence 3908: 3907: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3886: 3885: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3859: 3853: 3851: 3847: 3846: 3844: 3843: 3822: 3796: 3774: 3763: 3761: 3757: 3756: 3753: 3752: 3750: 3749: 3739: 3729: 3719: 3709: 3699: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3656: 3641: 3639: 3630: 3626: 3625: 3623: 3622: 3600: 3594: 3574: 3564: 3554: 3540: 3530: 3520: 3510: 3500: 3481: 3479: 3473: 3472: 3470: 3469: 3459: 3449: 3431: 3421: 3414:1910 (Nov–Dec) 3410:1910 (Jan–Feb) 3391: 3368: 3366: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3358: 3353: 3348: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3327: 3322: 3316: 3313: 3312: 3305: 3304: 3297: 3290: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3270: 3265: 3260: 3244: 3243:External links 3241: 3238: 3237: 3216: 3193: 3168: 3142: 3123: 3093: 3075: 3057: 3038: 3020: 2999: 2973: 2954: 2932: 2908: 2884: 2854: 2842: 2823: 2811: 2799: 2797:(SportExpress) 2787: 2768: 2744: 2720: 2694: 2670: 2646: 2616: 2594: 2572: 2545: 2505: 2502:. Chess games. 2491: 2460: 2437: 2428:Greengard, Mig 2419: 2392: 2369: 2342: 2329: 2314: 2309:New York Times 2295: 2270: 2250: 2235: 2200: 2175: 2160: 2138: 2120: 2105: 2085: 2080:GAMES Magazine 2063: 2046:"FIDE History" 2037: 2022: 2003: 1994:"FIDE History" 1979: 1962: 1945: 1928: 1914: 1900: 1878: 1856: 1842: 1828: 1822:"FIDE Ratings" 1813: 1798: 1772: 1742: 1721: 1709: 1702: 1688:Whyld, Kenneth 1675: 1668: 1650: 1614: 1600: 1578: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1566: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1534: 1533: 1517: 1514: 1513: 1512: 1506: 1493: 1487: 1475:Keene, Raymond 1468: 1465: 1464: 1463: 1450: 1437: 1424: 1411: 1398: 1385: 1383:Alexander Rueb 1372: 1359: 1357:Alexander Rueb 1344: 1341: 1325:women's titles 1316: 1313: 1305:Vladimir Putin 1280: 1277: 1230:Garry Kasparov 1215:In July 2018, 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1171: 1168: 1158:Andrew Paulson 1115: 1112: 1099: 1096: 1034: 1033: 1002: 1000: 993: 987: 984: 982: 979: 950:Garry Kasparov 945: 942: 929: 926: 925: 924: 921:Chess Olympiad 917: 914:Anatoly Karpov 902: 881: 878: 873:Anatoly Karpov 796: 793: 773:Vasily Smyslov 701:Emanuel Lasker 696: 693: 691: 688: 637:, followed by 631:Chess Olympiad 544:St. Petersburg 539: 536: 534: 531: 530: 529: 524: 522:Chess Olympiad 519: 514: 507: 504: 503: 502: 499: 496: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 472: 469: 466: 463: 460: 457: 454: 451: 448: 445: 442: 439: 436: 433: 430: 427: 422: 419: 418: 417: 414: 411: 408: 405: 397: 394: 389: 386: 351:chess problems 328:rules of chess 287:Chess Olympiad 262: 259: 242:Gens una sumus 237:governing body 171: 170: 156: 152: 151: 142: 139: 136: 135: 130: 127: 124: 123: 118: 115: 112: 111: 108: 105: 102: 101: 95: 91: 90: 85: 81: 80: 63: 59: 58: 55: 51: 50: 42: 41: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8773: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8751:1924 in chess 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8733: 8731: 8716: 8713: 8711: 8708: 8707: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8690: 8687: 8680: 8677: 8674: 8671: 8668: 8665: 8662: 8659: 8656: 8653: 8650: 8647: 8644: 8641: 8638: 8635: 8632: 8629: 8626: 8623: 8620: 8617: 8614: 8611: 8608: 8605: 8602: 8599: 8596: 8593: 8591:(landsailing) 8590: 8587: 8584: 8581: 8578: 8575: 8572: 8569: 8566: 8563: 8560: 8557: 8554: 8551: 8548: 8545: 8542: 8539: 8536: 8533: 8530: 8527: 8524: 8521: 8518: 8515: 8512: 8509: 8507:(ball hockey) 8506: 8503: 8500: 8497: 8494: 8491: 8488: 8485: 8484: 8482: 8478: 8471: 8468: 8465: 8462: 8459: 8456: 8453: 8450: 8447: 8444: 8441: 8438: 8435: 8432: 8429: 8426: 8423: 8420: 8417: 8414: 8411: 8408: 8407: 8405: 8401: 8396: 8389: 8386: 8383: 8380: 8378:(soft tennis) 8377: 8374: 8371: 8368: 8365: 8362: 8359: 8356: 8353: 8350: 8347: 8344: 8341: 8338: 8335: 8332: 8329: 8326: 8323: 8320: 8317: 8314: 8311: 8308: 8306:(dragon boat) 8305: 8302: 8299: 8296: 8293: 8290: 8287: 8284: 8281: 8278: 8275: 8272: 8271: 8269: 8267: 8266: 8258: 8251: 8248: 8245: 8242: 8239: 8236: 8233: 8230: 8227: 8224: 8221: 8218: 8215: 8212: 8209: 8206: 8203: 8200: 8198:(racquetball) 8197: 8194: 8191: 8188: 8185: 8182: 8179: 8176: 8173: 8170: 8167: 8164: 8161: 8158: 8155: 8152: 8150:(life saving) 8149: 8146: 8143: 8140: 8137: 8134: 8131: 8128: 8125: 8122: 8119: 8116: 8114:(flying disc) 8113: 8110: 8107: 8104: 8102:(dance sport) 8101: 8098: 8095: 8092: 8089: 8086: 8083: 8080: 8077: 8074: 8071: 8068: 8065: 8062: 8059: 8056: 8053: 8050: 8047: 8044: 8041: 8038: 8036:(auto racing) 8035: 8032: 8029: 8026: 8023: 8020: 8019: 8017: 8015: 8014: 8007: 8003: 7996: 7993: 7990: 7987: 7984: 7981: 7978: 7975: 7972: 7969: 7966: 7963: 7960: 7957: 7956: 7954: 7952: 7947: 7943: 7936: 7933: 7930: 7927: 7924: 7921: 7918: 7915: 7912: 7909: 7906: 7903: 7900: 7897: 7894: 7891: 7888: 7885: 7882: 7879: 7876: 7873: 7871:(rugby union) 7870: 7867: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7855: 7852: 7849: 7846: 7843: 7840: 7837: 7834: 7831: 7828: 7825: 7822: 7819: 7816: 7813: 7810: 7807: 7804: 7801: 7798: 7795: 7792: 7789: 7786: 7783: 7780: 7777: 7774: 7771: 7768: 7765: 7762: 7759: 7756: 7753: 7750: 7747: 7746: 7744: 7742: 7737: 7733: 7729: 7722: 7717: 7715: 7710: 7708: 7703: 7702: 7699: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7677: 7674: 7672: 7669: 7667: 7664: 7662: 7659: 7657: 7654: 7652: 7649: 7647: 7644: 7642: 7639: 7637: 7634: 7632: 7629: 7627: 7624: 7622: 7619: 7617: 7614: 7612: 7609: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7594: 7592: 7589: 7587: 7584: 7582: 7579: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7569: 7567: 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7507: 7504: 7502: 7499: 7497: 7494: 7492: 7489: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7419: 7415: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7336: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7150: 7148: 7146: 7142: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7006: 7003: 7001: 6998: 6996: 6993: 6991: 6988: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6959: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6853: 6850: 6848: 6845: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6739: 6737: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6723: 6716: 6711: 6709: 6704: 6702: 6697: 6696: 6693: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6665: 6662: 6656: 6655:Solving chess 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6645:Chess prodigy 6643: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6630: 6629: 6628:Chess problem 6626: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6603: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6578: 6576: 6572: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6549: 6548: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6536:opening books 6534: 6533: 6532: 6529: 6525: 6524:short stories 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6496: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6481: 6479: 6477:Art and media 6475: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6438: 6436: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6383: 6381: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6358: 6357: 6354: 6350: 6347: 6346: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6336: 6334: 6332: 6328: 6322: 6319: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6304: 6302: 6299: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6289:triangulation 6287: 6285: 6284:Tarrasch rule 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6271: 6269: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6244:Queen vs rook 6242: 6240: 6239:Queen vs pawn 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6211: 6209: 6207: 6203: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6177: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6164: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6156: 6155: 6153: 6149: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6107: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6095:London System 6093: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6053:Modern Benoni 6051: 6049: 6046: 6045: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6033:Dutch Defence 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6012: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5981: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5910:King's Gambit 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5892: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5854: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5837: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5825:Grob's Attack 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5815:Dunst Opening 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5805:Benko Opening 5803: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5797:Flank opening 5794: 5791: 5789: 5785: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5743: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5730: 5727: 5726: 5725: 5722: 5718: 5715: 5714: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5704: 5702: 5700: 5696: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5572: 5570: 5568: 5564: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5552:Transposition 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5499: 5496: 5495: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5443: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5425: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5404: 5403: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5359: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5334: 5332: 5330: 5326: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5304: 5303: 5302:Chess museums 5300: 5298: 5295: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5277: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5270:Notable games 5268: 5264: 5261: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5248: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5235: 5232: 5231: 5230: 5227: 5226: 5225: 5222: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5187: 5183: 5181: 5180: 5176: 5175: 5174: 5171: 5170: 5168: 5166: 5162: 5155: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5101: 5100: 5097: 5093: 5090: 5088: 5085: 5083: 5080: 5079: 5078: 5075: 5074: 5072: 5070: 5066: 5060: 5059:World records 5057: 5053: 5050: 5049: 5048: 5045: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5032: 5031: 5030:Rating system 5028: 5022: 5019: 5018: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5008: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4966: 4965: 4962: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4925: 4920: 4918: 4913: 4911: 4906: 4905: 4902: 4889: 4885: 4882: 4879: 4875: 4872: 4871: 4869: 4867: 4863: 4856: 4852: 4849: 4846: 4842: 4839: 4836: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4816: 4812: 4809: 4806: 4802: 4799: 4796: 4792: 4789: 4786: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4748: 4741: 4737: 4734: 4731: 4727: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4713: 4709: 4702: 4697: 4695: 4690: 4688: 4683: 4682: 4679: 4667: 4664: 4661: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4647: 4644: 4641: 4637: 4634: 4631: 4627: 4624: 4621: 4617: 4614: 4611: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4601: 4599: 4595: 4588: 4584: 4581: 4578: 4574: 4571: 4568: 4564: 4561: 4558: 4554: 4551: 4548: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4534: 4531: 4530: 4528: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4511: 4506: 4504: 4499: 4497: 4492: 4491: 4488: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4466: 4458: 4457: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4443: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4429: 4428: 4426: 4422: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4404: 4401: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4387: 4384: 4381: 4377: 4374: 4371: 4367: 4364: 4361: 4357: 4354: 4351: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4337: 4330: 4326: 4323: 4320: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4306: 4303: 4300: 4296: 4293: 4290: 4286: 4283: 4280: 4276: 4273: 4272: 4270: 4266: 4259: 4255: 4252: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4228: 4225: 4224:Chiburdanidze 4221: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4202: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4155: 4152: 4149: 4145: 4142: 4141: 4139: 4135: 4128: 4124: 4121: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4079: 4078: 4076: 4072: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4036: 4033: 4029: 4022: 4017: 4015: 4010: 4008: 4003: 4002: 3999: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3977: 3969: 3968: 3965: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3948: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3891: 3890: 3887: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3864: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3848: 3842: 3841: 3836: 3835: 3830: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3804: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3768: 3765: 3764: 3762: 3758: 3747: 3743: 3740: 3737: 3733: 3730: 3727: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3675: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3643: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3637:PCA/Classical 3634: 3631: 3627: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3572: 3568: 3565: 3562: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3548: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3474: 3467: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3453: 3450: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3392: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3369: 3367: 3363: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3344: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3317: 3314: 3310: 3303: 3298: 3296: 3291: 3289: 3284: 3283: 3280: 3274: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3252: 3247: 3246: 3226: 3220: 3204: 3197: 3182: 3178: 3172: 3156: 3152: 3146: 3138: 3134: 3127: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3097: 3089: 3085: 3079: 3071: 3067: 3061: 3053: 3049: 3042: 3034: 3030: 3024: 3016: 3012: 3006: 3004: 2987: 2983: 2977: 2969: 2965: 2958: 2942: 2936: 2925: 2918: 2912: 2901: 2894: 2888: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2858: 2851: 2846: 2838: 2834: 2827: 2820: 2815: 2808: 2803: 2796: 2791: 2784: 2780: 2777: 2772: 2761: 2754: 2748: 2737: 2730: 2724: 2708: 2704: 2698: 2687: 2680: 2674: 2663: 2656: 2650: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2620: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2598: 2590: 2586: 2579: 2577: 2565: 2558: 2552: 2550: 2541: 2535: 2519: 2515: 2509: 2501: 2495: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2464: 2456: 2452: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2434:. Chess base. 2433: 2429: 2423: 2407: 2403: 2396: 2390: 2384: 2380: 2373: 2357: 2353: 2346: 2339: 2333: 2325: 2318: 2310: 2306: 2299: 2288: 2285:. ChessCafe. 2281: 2274: 2266: 2259: 2257: 2255: 2247:. Mark Weeks. 2246: 2239: 2228: 2221: 2217: 2211: 2209: 2207: 2205: 2193: 2186: 2179: 2171: 2164: 2156: 2155:"Interregnum" 2149: 2147: 2145: 2143: 2134: 2130: 2124: 2116: 2109: 2101: 2094: 2092: 2090: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2067: 2051: 2047: 2041: 2033: 2026: 2018: 2014: 2007: 1999: 1995: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1976: 1972: 1966: 1959: 1955: 1949: 1942: 1938: 1932: 1924: 1918: 1910: 1904: 1888: 1882: 1866: 1860: 1852: 1846: 1838: 1832: 1823: 1817: 1808: 1802: 1786: 1782: 1776: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1746: 1731: 1725: 1718: 1713: 1705: 1703:0-19-280049-3 1699: 1695: 1694: 1689: 1685: 1684:Hooper, David 1679: 1671: 1669:0-02-028540-X 1665: 1661: 1658:FIDE (1989). 1654: 1635: 1631: 1624: 1618: 1610: 1604: 1589: 1583: 1579: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1531: 1525: 1520: 1509: 1507:0-02-028540-X 1503: 1499: 1496:FIDE (2000). 1494: 1490: 1488:0-7134-4802-4 1484: 1480: 1476: 1471: 1470: 1462: 1457: 1452:2018–present 1451: 1449: 1444: 1438: 1436: 1431: 1425: 1423: 1418: 1412: 1410: 1405: 1399: 1397: 1392: 1386: 1384: 1379: 1373: 1371: 1366: 1360: 1358: 1353: 1347: 1346: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1312: 1310: 1309:Sergei Shipov 1306: 1302: 1298: 1293: 1290: 1286: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1265: 1262: 1261:Emil Sutovsky 1256: 1254: 1250: 1245: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1218: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1179: 1176: 1167: 1164: 1163:Ilya Merenzon 1159: 1155: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1135: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1111: 1109: 1108:Olympic Games 1105: 1095: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1077: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1030: 1027:November 2020 1020: 1016: 1010: 1008: 1003:This section 1001: 992: 991: 978: 974: 972: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 941: 939: 938:Yuri Averbakh 935: 922: 918: 915: 911: 907: 903: 900: 895: 891: 890: 889: 887: 877: 874: 868: 866: 862: 861:Mark Taimanov 858: 853: 849: 848:Boris Spassky 845: 841: 836: 834: 833:Yuri Averbakh 830: 826: 822: 818: 814: 810: 806: 802: 801:Bobby Fischer 792: 790: 784: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 733: 729: 727: 723: 722: 716: 715: 710: 706: 703:'s defeat of 702: 687: 685: 680: 676: 672: 667: 663: 657: 655: 650: 648: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 623: 619: 617: 613: 612:Olympic Games 609: 604: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 573: 568: 563: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 509: 500: 497: 494: 491: 488: 485: 482: 479: 476: 473: 470: 467: 464: 461: 458: 455: 452: 449: 446: 443: 440: 437: 434: 431: 428: 425: 424: 415: 412: 409: 406: 403: 400: 399: 393: 385: 377: 371: 369: 365: 361: 358: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 335: 333: 329: 324: 322: 318: 313: 311: 307: 303: 299: 294: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 258: 256: 252: 248: 243: 238: 234: 230: 228: 223: 222: 213: 189: 186: 182: 178: 168: 163: 157: 153: 148:17.56 million 147: 143: 137: 134: 131: 125: 122: 119: 113: 109: 103: 100:, Switzerland 99: 96: 92: 89: 86: 82: 79: 64: 60: 56: 52: 48: 43: 39: 34: 28: 24: 23:Fide, Gotland 16: 8714: 8709: 8645:(skyrunning) 8615:(pickleball) 8501:(backgammon) 8454:(pole dance) 8262: 8228:(tug-of-war) 8132:(kickboxing) 8087: 8024:(air sports) 8010: 7979:(ice hockey) 7950: 7925:(volleyball) 7829:(gymnastics) 7805:(equestrian) 7781:(basketball) 7740: 7418:Europe (ECU) 6734:Africa (ACC) 6725: 6601:Chess engine 6586:Chess boxing 6546: 6316:Wrong bishop 6163:theory table 6137:Torre Attack 6120:Slav Defence 6028:Colle System 6003:Scheveningen 5962:Pirc Defence 5905:Italian Game 5900:Giuoco Piano 5845:Réti Opening 5768:Piece values 5756:Maróczy Bind 5717:the exchange 5707:Compensation 5637:Interference 5627:Double check 5401:Time control 5388: 5362:by agreement 5290:grandmasters 5234:South Africa 5184: 5177: 5153:Score sheets 5099:Chess pieces 5006:Online chess 4995: 4952:Chess titles 4947:Chess theory 4750:Part of the 4716: 4445: 4424:Match format 4137:Match format 3838: 3832: 3736:Kasimdzhanov 3576: 3476: 3228:. Retrieved 3219: 3207:. Retrieved 3196: 3184:. Retrieved 3180: 3171: 3159:. Retrieved 3154: 3145: 3136: 3126: 3116:February 20, 3114:. Retrieved 3110:the original 3105: 3096: 3088:The Mary Sue 3087: 3078: 3070:The Times UK 3069: 3060: 3051: 3041: 3032: 3023: 3014: 2992:September 2, 2990:. Retrieved 2985: 2976: 2967: 2957: 2945:. Retrieved 2935: 2911: 2887: 2877:November 28, 2875:. Retrieved 2871:the original 2867:www.fide.com 2866: 2857: 2845: 2836: 2826: 2814: 2802: 2790: 2771: 2747: 2723: 2713:November 28, 2711:. Retrieved 2707:the original 2697: 2686:the original 2673: 2649: 2637:. Retrieved 2633:the original 2629:www.fide.com 2628: 2619: 2611:the original 2606: 2597: 2588: 2524:November 30, 2522:. Retrieved 2517: 2508: 2494: 2482:. Retrieved 2478:the original 2463: 2455:the original 2422: 2410:. Retrieved 2406:the original 2395: 2383:the original 2372: 2360:. Retrieved 2355: 2345: 2332: 2317: 2308: 2298: 2273: 2238: 2178: 2163: 2133:the original 2123: 2108: 2079: 2066: 2054:. Retrieved 2050:the original 2040: 2025: 2017:the original 2011:Clayton, G. 2006: 1998:the original 1974: 1965: 1957: 1948: 1940: 1931: 1917: 1903: 1893:February 14, 1891:. Retrieved 1881: 1871:February 14, 1869:. Retrieved 1859: 1845: 1831: 1816: 1801: 1789:. Retrieved 1785:the original 1775: 1765:November 13, 1763:. Retrieved 1759:the original 1754: 1745: 1733:. Retrieved 1724: 1712: 1692: 1678: 1659: 1653: 1643:February 10, 1641:. Retrieved 1629: 1617: 1603: 1591:. Retrieved 1582: 1530:Chess portal 1497: 1481:. Batsford. 1478: 1467:Publications 1396:Folke Rogard 1329: 1318: 1294: 1292:its banner. 1282: 1266: 1257: 1246: 1214: 1192:New In Chess 1191: 1188:Malcolm Pein 1180: 1173: 1151: 1136: 1117: 1101: 1081: 1072: 1060: 1037: 1024: 1004: 981:1993 to 2018 975: 947: 931: 899:Wijk aan Zee 883: 869: 837: 798: 785: 780: 739:). The 1938 734: 730: 719: 712: 698: 690:1946 to 1993 658: 651: 624: 620: 605: 564: 562:Tournament. 541: 404:(ECU) - 1985 391: 372: 362: 359: 336: 325: 314: 295: 264: 224: 187: 180: 176: 174: 106:Membership 94:Headquarters 54:Abbreviation 37: 27: 15: 8633:(rogaining) 8621:(quidditch) 8555:(dodgeball) 8543:(broomball) 8424:(jump rope) 8412:(dodgeball) 8265:SportAccord 8108:(floorball) 7937:(wrestling) 7919:(triathlon) 7907:(taekwondo) 7769:(badminton) 7763:(athletics) 6531:Chess books 6331:Tournaments 6185:Fool's mate 5950:Vienna Game 5940:Scotch Game 5773:Prophylaxis 5689:Zwischenzug 5674:Undermining 5642:Overloading 5602:Combination 5451:descriptive 5146:Chess table 5141:Chess clock 4957:Grandmaster 4888:Goryachkina 4719:tournaments 4650:Goryachkina 4400:Tan Zhongyi 4380:M. Muzychuk 4044:Development 3629:Split title 3599:(no result) 3325:Interregnum 3205:. Pink News 3157:(in French) 2639:January 10, 2263:Abundo, C. 2129:"AVRO 1938" 2113:Winter, E. 2098:Winter, E. 2030:Winter, E. 1937:Chess Notes 1791:October 28, 1563:FIDE titles 1253:Nigel Short 1222:Nigel Short 1196:Nigel Short 1040:Nigel Short 865:Bent Larsen 821:Efim Geller 781:interregnum 765:Reuben Fine 721:interregnum 714:interregnum 679:Reuben Fine 556:World War I 396:Continental 347:Grandmaster 339:Elo ratings 8730:Categories 8436:(obstacle) 8418:(footgolf) 8342:(minigolf) 8330:(ju-jitsu) 8318:(fistball) 8312:(draughts) 8263:Others in 8168:(muaythai) 8144:(lacrosse) 8138:(korfball) 7961:(biathlon) 7883:(shooting) 7835:(handball) 7817:(football) 7787:(canoeing) 7145:Asia (ACF) 6638:joke chess 6591:Chess club 6279:opposition 5736:Middlegame 5724:Initiative 5647:Pawn storm 5612:Deflection 5483:Key square 5473:Fianchetto 5406:Fast chess 5390:En passant 5082:chessboard 4567:Mamedyarov 4248:Su. Polgar 3726:Ponomariov 3428:Capablanca 3351:Interzonal 3209:August 21, 3186:August 19, 3161:August 19, 3155:Libération 2484:January 9, 2412:January 9, 2400:Weeks, M. 2322:Weeks, M. 2243:Weeks, M. 2168:Weeks, M. 2056:January 6, 1735:January 2, 1574:References 1439:1995–2018 1426:1982–1995 1413:1978–1982 1400:1970–1978 1387:1949–1970 1374:1946–1949 1361:1939–1946 1348:1924–1939 1056:Jan Timman 1007:unbalanced 829:placed 4th 817:Paul Keres 777:psychiatry 761:Salo Flohr 757:Paul Keres 675:Paul Keres 666:Salo Flohr 639:Yugoslavia 597:Tartakower 593:Rubinstein 581:Bogoljubov 560:Gothenburg 308:, and the 281:, and the 72:1924-07-20 8579:(kabaddi) 8549:(croquet) 8460:(rafting) 8390:(teqball) 8372:(sleddog) 8294:(casting) 8260:AIMS (20) 8174:(netball) 8096:(cricket) 8072:(bowling) 7973:(curling) 7895:(surfing) 7877:(sailing) 7811:(fencing) 7793:(cycling) 7757:(archery) 6621:Stockfish 6611:Deep Blue 6606:AlphaZero 6514:paintings 6306:Tablebase 6270:Strategy 6175:Irregular 5930:Ruy Lopez 5890:Open Game 5657:Sacrifice 5617:Desperado 5520:connected 5493:Open file 5488:King walk 5446:algebraic 5377:Stalemate 5352:Checkmate 5077:Chess set 5069:Equipment 4878:Kosteniuk 4640:Ju Wenjun 4630:Hou Yifan 4620:Hou Yifan 4610:Hou Yifan 4439:Ju Wenjun 4414:Ju Wenjun 4390:Hou Yifan 4370:Hou Yifan 4350:Hou Yifan 4329:Hou Yifan 4319:Kosteniuk 4299:Stefanova 3706:Khalifman 3597:1984–1985 3551:Petrosian 3537:Botvinnik 3517:Botvinnik 3497:Botvinnik 3398:1896–1897 3380:1890–1891 3230:April 24, 3033:rferl.org 2968:Chess.com 2947:August 2, 2837:Chess.com 2589:Chess.com 2518:The Hindu 2377:Week, M. 2356:The Times 1992:Wall, W. 1149:in 2014. 1038:In 1992, 1019:talk page 852:Pal Benko 392:Source: 116:President 62:Formation 8531:(boxing) 8525:(boxing) 8360:(savate) 8276:(aikido) 8216:(squash) 8126:(karate) 8078:(bridge) 8066:(boules) 7913:(tennis) 7865:(rowing) 6680:Category 6633:glossary 6294:Zugzwang 6274:fortress 6206:Endgames 6115:Declined 6110:Accepted 5788:Openings 5746:Hedgehog 5712:Exchange 5699:Strategy 5679:Windmill 5530:isolated 5515:backward 5337:Castling 5280:amateurs 5173:Timeline 5047:Variants 5001:Glossary 4984:software 4969:glossary 4835:Radjabov 4815:Karjakin 4587:Nakamura 4577:Grischuk 4465:Category 4410:Nov 2018 4406:May 2018 4360:Ushenina 4309:Xu Yuhua 4289:Zhu Chen 4158:Rubtsova 4109:Aug 1937 4105:Jul 1937 3976:Category 3946:Chess960 3936:Computer 3857:Olympiad 3653:Kasparov 3619:Kasparov 3466:Alekhine 3446:Alekhine 3388:Steinitz 3365:Pre-FIDE 2924:Archived 2900:Archived 2779:Archived 2760:Archived 2736:Archived 2662:Archived 2564:Archived 2534:cite web 2358:. London 2287:Archived 2227:Archived 2218:(2001). 2192:Archived 2072:Seirawan 1755:fide.com 1690:(1992). 1634:Archived 1516:See also 1409:Max Euwe 1228:against 1194:article 753:Max Euwe 654:Max Euwe 627:Budapest 577:Alekhine 552:Mannheim 283:disabled 140:Budget 98:Lausanne 8585:(kempo) 8519:(bowls) 8489:(arnis) 8448:(poker) 8442:(padel) 8398:former 8336:(kendo) 8300:(darts) 8252:(wushu) 8204:(sambo) 8090:(chess) 8084:(cheer) 8042:(bandy) 6581:Arbiter 6574:Related 6431:Solving 6421:Amateur 5998:Najdorf 5580:Battery 5567:Tactics 5542:Swindle 5525:doubled 5505:Outpost 5436:Blunder 5251:Armenia 5165:History 5011:Premove 4979:engines 4974:matches 4939:Outline 4855:Carlsen 4825:Aronian 4805:Kramnik 4795:Svidler 4785:Gelfand 4765:Aronian 4666:2024–25 4656:2022–23 4646:2019–21 4636:2015–16 4626:2013–14 4616:2011–12 4606:2009–11 4557:Caruana 4553:2014–15 4547:Topalov 4543:2012–13 4537:Aronian 4533:2008–10 4279:Xie Jun 4258:Xie Jun 4238:Xie Jun 4127:Rudenko 4123:1949–50 4117:Menchik 3941:Solving 3819:Carlsen 3771:Kramnik 3746:Topalov 3667:Kramnik 3571:Fischer 3561:Spassky 3507:Smyslov 3181:Twitter 2986:Reuters 2267:. FIDE. 1824:. FIDE. 1809:. FIDE. 1301:Twitter 1269:Chennai 1013:Please 1005:may be 908:sought 809:Curaçao 647:Germany 643:Romania 635:Hungary 585:Maróczy 533:History 388:Regions 355:studies 279:seniors 275:juniors 185:acronym 155:Website 70: ( 8480:Others 8222:(sumo) 8186:(polo) 7985:(luge) 7847:(judo) 7823:(golf) 7738:(30+2) 6519:poetry 6509:novels 6484:Caïssa 6416:Senior 6406:Junior 5989:Dragon 5984:Alapin 5669:Skewer 5535:passed 5478:Gambit 5285:female 5246:Europe 5229:Africa 5124:Knight 5119:Bishop 4775:Kamsky 4715:Early 4475:Portal 4172:Bykova 4148:Bykova 3986:Portal 3931:Senior 3921:Junior 3696:Karpov 3591:Karpov 3418:Lasker 3052:dw.com 2362:May 2, 1700: 1666: 1593:May 3, 1504: 1485: 1249:Batumi 1154:Jersey 1141:, the 966:defect 645:, and 601:Vidmar 548:Russia 506:Events 343:titles 304:, the 150:(2024) 8625:IFMAR 8595:IMMAF 8589:FISLY 8559:ICFRA 8535:SJJIF 8505:ISBHF 8487:WEKAF 8400:GAISF 8388:FITEQ 8364:ISTAF 8358:FISav 8006:ARISF 7946:AIOWF 7736:ASOIF 6466:WCSCC 6411:Youth 6401:Blitz 6396:Rapid 6386:Women 6349:Women 6301:Study 6151:Other 5684:X-ray 5607:Decoy 5592:Block 5547:Tempo 5510:Pawns 5428:Terms 5347:Check 5329:Rules 5263:India 5256:Spain 5241:China 5134:Fairy 5109:Queen 5040:norms 4931:Chess 4754:cycle 4740:Anand 4730:Anand 4660:Lagno 3926:Youth 3916:Women 3889:Blitz 3862:Rapid 3793:Anand 3716:Anand 2927:(PDF) 2920:(PDF) 2903:(PDF) 2896:(PDF) 2763:(PDF) 2756:(PDF) 2739:(PDF) 2732:(PDF) 2689:(PDF) 2682:(PDF) 2665:(PDF) 2658:(PDF) 2567:(PDF) 2560:(PDF) 2290:(PDF) 2283:(PDF) 2230:(PDF) 2223:(PDF) 2195:(PDF) 2188:(PDF) 1637:(PDF) 1626:(PDF) 1569:Notes 572:purse 271:women 247:Latin 233:chess 78:Paris 8736:FIDE 8673:ITRA 8661:ITPF 8655:ITHF 8649:WSSA 8637:WSSF 8607:ORSI 8601:WMRA 8571:ATSX 8565:IGAA 8553:WDBF 8541:IFBA 8499:WBGF 8493:AFLC 8470:ITSF 8452:IPSF 8446:IFMP 8434:FISO 8428:IUKL 8422:IJRU 8416:FIFG 8382:CIPS 8376:ISTF 8370:ISFF 8352:IPSC 8328:JJIF 8324:(go) 8310:FMJD 8304:IDBF 8292:ICSF 8286:IFBB 8250:IWUF 8244:IWWF 8238:FISU 8232:CMAS 8226:TWIF 8208:ISMF 8202:FIAS 8166:IFMA 8160:UIAA 8148:ILSF 8130:WAKO 8112:WFDF 8100:WDSF 8088:FIDE 8064:CMSB 8058:WCBS 8052:FIPV 8046:WBSC 8028:IFAF 8008:(39) 7977:IIHF 7965:IBSF 7923:FIVB 7899:ITTF 7887:IFSC 7881:ISSF 7863:FISA 7851:UIPM 7815:FIFA 7797:WDSF 7779:FIBA 7773:WBSC 7761:WAth 7749:WAqu 6726:FIDE 6504:film 6461:WCCC 6456:TCEC 6446:CSVN 6391:Team 6361:List 5632:Fork 5557:Trap 5357:Draw 5129:Pawn 5114:Rook 5104:King 5052:List 5021:list 4996:FIDE 4884:2023 4874:2021 4851:2023 4845:Duda 4841:2021 4831:2019 4821:2017 4811:2015 4801:2013 4791:2011 4781:2009 4771:2007 4761:2005 4736:2002 4726:2000 4717:FIDE 4583:2022 4573:2019 4563:2017 4446:2025 4435:2023 4431:2020 4396:2017 4386:2016 4376:2015 4366:2013 4356:2012 4346:2011 4325:2010 4315:2008 4305:2006 4295:2004 4285:2001 4275:2000 4254:1999 4244:1996 4234:1993 4230:1991 4220:1988 4216:1986 4212:1984 4208:1981 4204:1978 4194:1975 4190:1972 4186:1969 4182:1965 4178:1962 4168:1959 4164:1958 4154:1956 4144:1953 4113:1939 4101:1935 4097:1934 4093:1933 4089:1931 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819:and 767:and 759:and 684:Nazi 599:and 589:Réti 353:and 261:Role 221:-day 188:FIDE 175:The 162:.com 160:fide 84:Type 57:FIDE 8679:IAU 8667:FIT 8643:ISF 8631:IRF 8619:IQA 8613:IPF 8583:IKF 8577:IKF 8547:WCF 8523:IBA 8511:IBA 8464:IRL 8458:IRF 8440:IPF 8410:WDA 8346:IPF 8340:WMF 8334:FIK 8322:IGF 8316:IFA 8298:WDF 8280:WAF 8274:IAF 8220:IFS 8214:WSF 8196:IRF 8190:UIM 8184:FIP 8178:IOF 8154:FIM 8142:FIL 8136:IKF 8124:WKF 8118:IFI 8106:IFF 8094:ICC 8082:ICU 8076:WBF 8070:IBF 8040:FIB 8034:FIA 8022:FAI 8013:IOC 7995:FIS 7989:ISU 7983:FIL 7959:IBU 7948:(7) 7935:UWW 7929:IWF 7911:ITF 7893:ISA 7857:WSK 7845:IJF 7839:FIH 7833:IHF 7827:FIG 7821:IGF 7809:FIE 7803:FEI 7791:UCI 7785:ICF 7767:BWF 7686:WAL 7681:UKR 7676:TUR 7671:SWE 7666:SVK 7661:SUI 7656:SRB 7651:SMR 7646:SLO 7641:SCO 7636:ROU 7631:POR 7626:POL 7621:NOR 7616:NED 7611:MON 7606:MNE 7601:MLT 7596:MKD 7591:MDA 7586:LUX 7581:LTU 7576:LIE 7571:LAT 7566:JEY 7561:ITA 7556:ISR 7551:ISL 7546:IRL 7541:HUN 7536:GRE 7531:GGY 7526:GER 7521:GEO 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