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Samuel Palmer

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limited success. For more than two decades he was obliged to work as a private drawing master, until he moved from London in 1862. To add to his financial worries, he returned to London to find his dissolute brother William had pawned all his early paintings, and Palmer was obliged to pay a large sum to redeem them. By all accounts Palmer was an excellent teacher, but the work with students reduced the time he could devote to his own art.
217: 570:, whom she named in another page one article the following month. A few days later, Keating wrote a Letter to The Times, confessing to ‘flooding the market’ with fakes –– not for material gain, but rather as a protest against greedy art merchants –– adding that he couldn’t imagine how anyone could believe his ‘crude daubs’ were authentic. The lead story in the 267:
at Shoreham and is now known as the 'Water House'. Palmer's nurse, Mary Ward, and his other son William joined him there. The Waterhouse was used to accommodate overflow guests from "Rat Abbey". In 1828 Samuel Palmer left "Rat Abbey" to join his father at Water House and lived there for the rest of
601:, that it was authentic. They took it down in August 1976 when it was discovered to be a Keating fake. They rehung it four months later. Museum trustees commented ‘that there seemed to be more public interest in the drawing now it was known to be a fake than there had been in the genuine article.’ 566:, she published an article on 16 July 1976, on page one of The Times, asserting that thirteen Palmer pictures that had appeared on the market over the previous decade were forgeries. Several tips from readers convinced her the master faker she was looking for was Tom Keating, a picture restorer in 410:
Palmer was largely forgotten after his death. In 1909, many of his Shoreham works were destroyed by his surviving son Alfred Herbert Palmer, who burnt "a great quantity of father's handiwork ... Knowing that no one would be able to make head or tail of what I burnt; I wished to save it from a more
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to Italy, made possible by money from Hannah's parents in 1837. In Italy Palmer's palette became brighter, sometimes to the point of garishness, but he made many fine sketches and studies that would later be useful in producing new paintings. On his return to London, Palmer sought patrons with
656:, the master forger, commenting on Palmer’s captivating self portrait (see at top of this page), called him ‘a child genius, who’s eyes stare at me with a majesty and beauty... I look back on them now and say I’m not ashamed of what I’ve done, because his name is now more famous than ever.’ 307:
of the early 1830s. His small financial legacy was running out and he decided to produce work more in line with public taste if he was to earn an income for himself and his wife. He was following the advice of his father-in-law. Linnell, who had earlier shown remarkable understanding of the
243:. He purchased a run-down cottage, nicknamed "Rat Abbey", and lived there from 1826 to 1835, depicting the area as a demi-paradise, mysterious and visionary, often shown in sepia shades under moon and star light. There Palmer associated with a group of Blake-influenced artists known as 377:
Palmer's later years were darkened by the death in 1861, at the age of 19, of his elder son Thomas More Palmer – a devastating blow from which he never fully recovered. He lived in various places later in his life, including a small cottage and an unaffordable villa both in
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with descriptions and photo illustrations of 166 of his known pastiches, including 26 Palmers, which she hoped would provide scholars, collectors, and art dealers with sufficient information to detect his work, and help locate and identify as many of them as possible.
295:, Palmer produced less mystical and more conventional work. Part of his reason in returning to London was to sell his work and earn money from private teaching. He had better health on his return to London, and was by then married to Hannah, daughter of the painter 258:
Palmer's somewhat disreputable father – Samuel Palmer senior – moved to the area, his brother Nathaniel having offered him an allowance that would "make him a gentleman" and restore the good name of the family. Samuel Palmer senior rented half of the
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sold at Sotheby’s for £15,000. Shortly thereafter, Gould privately alleged to Norman that it too, was dubious. In 1974 Gould told Norman he had identified six more Palmer fakes, and he believed all were done by the same hand.
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On the bicentenary of the artist’s birth, a major retrospective showcasing a hundred and seventy of his watercolours, drawings, etchings and oils from public and private collections around the world, was organized by the
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The residents were somewhat lower perhaps on the social scale, but many had distinguished artistic reputations such as the sculptor Alfred Stevens, at 7 Canning Place, and the painter, Samuel Palmer, at 6 Douro Place,
208:. On the 18th January 1818 Palmer's mother Martha died suddenly, an event that affected they young Palmer for the rest of his life. He wrote "It was like a sharp sword sent through the length of me". 632:
Keating later claimed to have painted upwards of eighty fake Palmers, most of them moonlit scenes in dark sepia wash, heightened with white. Four of them sold for thousands of pounds each, including
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W8, marking that Palmer lived there from 1851 to 1861. His last home was The Chantry (the former Furze Hill Place), at Cronks Hill, near Redhill, which is Grade II listed for the Palmer connection.
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humiliating fate". The destruction included "sketchbooks, notebooks, and original works, and lasted for days". Interest in his work was rekindled in 1926 by a show curated by Martin Hardie at the
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is located at Palmer's birthplace at Surrey Square. The Grade II listed Waterhouse, in Shoreham, Kent, has a plaque on it commemorating Palmer's residence there from 1827 to 1835. A
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From the early 1860s he gained some measure of critical success for his later landscapes, which had a touch of the early Shoreham work about them – most notable is the etching of
843: 442:(forty-eight plates, a selection of Palmer's writings, 1960). In the 1930s, the maximum price a Shoreham period drawing brought was around £50. Three sold in the early 1960s — 1095:
Norman, Geraldine (16 July 1976). "Authenticity of Palmer drawings is challenged. A question of art: Are thirteen Samuel Palmer drawings brilliant modern forgeries?".
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replied: ‘How insulting Palmer would have found the new stock...his magic vision diluted by a crop of heartless impostures, conceived in spite and peddled for gain’.
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Revelation to Revolution: The Legacy of Samuel Palmer. The Revival and Evolution of Pastoral Printmaking by Paul Drury and the Goldsmiths School in the 20th Century
419:. In the ensuing decades, the publication of two important books and the presentation of another London exhibition combined to trigger a surge in his popularity: 255:). They were among the few who saw the Shoreham paintings as, resulting from attacks by critics in 1825, he opened his early portfolios only to selected friends. 509:
Palmer received a great deal of media attention in the 1970s, following the discovery of a number of fakes of his Shoreham work produced by famous art forger,
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Norman, Geraldine (10 August 1976). "Samuel Palmer imitator who duped art world. Gifted picture restorer traced to cottage in Constable country".
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auctioned in June 1973 for £15,000 — ‘a record price for the artist’. These same four pictures were illustrated in James Sellars’ 1974 monograph,
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Our public schools, their influence on English history; Charter house, Eton, Harrow, Merchant Taylors', Rugby, St. Paul's Westminster, Winchester
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minister and Martha (nee Giles), but was raised by a pious nurse, Mary Ward. Palmer painted churches from around age twelve, and first exhibited
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holds an 1829 portrait of Palmer by his friend George Richmond; the NPG's catalogue notes state that Palmer's expression and long hair recall
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Palmer turned more to watercolour which was gaining popularity in England. To further a commercial career, the couple embarked on a two-year
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Twohig, E. (2018) "Print REbels: Haden - Palmer - Whistler and the origins of the RE", Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers, London.
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gallery for ÂŁ9400. At the top of the page was a four-column-width photo of the picture. A month later, David Gould, an authority on
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In 1976, Norman began researching over a dozen suspect Palmers, and after consulting with recognized Palmer experts from the
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Norman went on to publish a total of eleven articles on the scandal, from July 1976 to February 1977, for which she won the
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his time in Shoreham. While at Shoreham he fell in love with the fourteen-year-old Hannah Linnell, whom he later married.
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Norman, Geraldine (16 July 1976). "A question of art: Are thirteen Samuel Palmer drawings brilliant modern forgeries?".
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The oldest house in Shoreham, Kent, is called Reed Beds, but is also known as the Samuel Palmer School of Fine Art. The
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at the age of fourteen. He had little formal training, and little formal schooling, although he was educated briefly at
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in 1824. Blake's influence can be seen in work he produced over the next ten years. The works were landscapes around
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who he had known since she was a child, and married when she was nineteen and he was thirty-two. He sketched in
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Norman, Geraldine (27 August 1976). "The extraordinary story of Tom Keating and the Palmer imitations".
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Herring, Sarah (1988). "Samuel Palmer's Shoreham drawings in Indian ink: a matter of light and shade".
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Norman, Geraldine (6 December 1976). "A question for collectors: Is there a Keating in the house?".
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in 1979. He was later released due to failing health, and all charges were dropped. In the May 1977
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The renewed popularity of his Shoreham work influenced a succession of English artists, notably
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Palmer died in Redhill, Surrey, and is buried with his wife in St Mary's, Reigate churchyard.
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and his etchings, a medium in which he worked from 1850 onwards, including a set illustrating
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and Wales around this time. His peaceful vision of rural England had been disrupted by the
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Drawings, Etchings and Woodcuts made by Samuel Palmer and other Disciples of William Blake
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and their sales resulted in Keating being arrested and put on trial for art fraud at the
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from an ill-fated, two-year sojourn to Italy, with his new bride Hannah and his friend,
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a London exhibition of Palmer’s influential visionary landscapes, along with works by
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Palmer Close, a cul-de-sac in Redhill (built in the 1960s) was named in his honour.
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Norman, Geraldine (16 July 1976). "Authenticity of Palmer drawings is challenged".
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Staff Reporter (23 August 1976). "Museum seeks tests on picture passed as Palmer".
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with a special interest in Palmer, wrote a Letter to the Editor calling it a fake.
514: 450:— for £6000, £5200, and £7200. Leger Gallery purchased the diminutive watercolour 420: 3930: 3920: 3138: 2912: 2749: 2413: 2091: 4154: 4139: 4114: 4038: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3875: 3860: 3815: 3750: 3622: 3592: 3438: 3433: 3316: 3239: 3229: 3179: 3087: 2962: 2856: 2795: 2790: 2657: 2601: 2518: 2508: 2328: 2312: 2267: 2234: 2107: 2057: 1995: 1984: 1040:
Gould, David (13 March 1970). "Letter to the Editor: RAPHAEL AND SAMUEL PALMER".
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Staff Reporter (26 August 1976). "Gallery offer to Mr. Keating for exhibition".
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Staff Reporter (20 August 1976). "Mr. Keating says art imitations are protest".
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Norman, Geraldine (12 February 1970). "Last-minute dash gains a Samuel Palmer".
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emphasized his early work, but included more naturalistic watercolours, such as
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After returning to London in 1835, and using a legacy to purchase a house in
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in 1969 for £14,000. In a 2003 auction at Christie’s, it brought £587,650.
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His best late works include a series of large watercolours illustrating
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McCormick, John; Evans, Michael (20 August 1976). "I FAKED THE LOT!".
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Staff Reporter (3 March 1977). "News award for Times sale reporter".
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The following week, Mr. Hugh Leggatt, a well-respected art dealer in
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in 1854, and its annual show gave him a yearly goal to work towards.
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Staff Reporter (20 February 1979). "ILLNESS ENDS TRIAL OF KEATING".
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Staff Reporter (14 December 1977). "Keating on deception charges".
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Norman, Geraldine (28 June 1973). "New record price for a Turner".
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News Reporter of the Year. In June 1977 she published an essay on
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Gould, David (30 January 1979). "'GUM USED TO AGE ART FAKES'".
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There are three commemorative plaques to Palmer. An unofficial
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A Picture of Tom Keating, An Exclusive Study of a Master Faker
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Staff Reporter (15 December 1977). "Artist sent for trial".
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Art Trading and Art Faking – Part Two of The Fake's Progress
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Art Trading and Art Faking – Part Two of The Fake's Progress
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from his travels in Devon and Wales (1834-1836), as well as
164:. He was also a prolific writer. Palmer was a key figure in 2068: 555: 240: 192:), was the son of Samuel Palmer, a bookseller and sometime 19:
For the English nonconformist minister and biographer, see
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The Life and Letters of Samuel Palmer Painter and Etcher
1237:(1st ed.). Hutchinson of London. pp. 197–262. 624:
in Keating’s autobiography, as well as a companion book
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In June 1973, Norman reported that a Palmer landscape,
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People educated at Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood
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in Britain and produced visionary pastoral paintings.
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Mysterious Wisdom: The Life and Work of Samuel Palmer
861:"Mysterious Wisom" Rachel Campbell-Johnston book 2011 1596:"National Portrait Gallery: Samuel Palmer, NPG 2223" 427:(280 pages, with 68 photo illustrations, 1947), the 1074:(1st ed.). Hutchinson of London. p. 213. 706:
Christian Descending into the Valley of Humiliation
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Samuel Palmer and his circle - The Shoreham period,
1663:vol. 148, no. 441 (November 1998), pp. 37–42. 938:Samuel Palmer and his circle - The Shoreham period 1425:"Samuel Palmer (1805–1881): Vision and Landscape" 811:: Epitaph on death of his son Thomas More Palmer 4240: 1423:Butler, Gilbert; Butler, Ildiko (7 March 2006). 877: 1383:Carritt, David (30 June 1977). "The romancer". 1262:. Hutchinson of London. pp. 20–26, 68–81. 1352: 1337: 1322: 1217: 1169: 1154: 1139: 1124: 815:On going to Shoreham, Kent to design from Ruth 666: 281:A Cornfield by Moonlight with the Evening Star 1816: 1257: 612:A Moonlit Scene with a Winding River (c.1827) 525:Shepherds with their Flock under a Full Moon, 1774:New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 1765:Samuel Palmer 1805-1881 Vision and Landscape 1422: 940:. London: The Arts Council of Great Britain. 883: 857: 855: 605:remains on view in the museum's art store. 263:-era 'Waterhouse' which still stands by the 1739:Shaw-Miller, S. and Smiles, S. eds (2010). 841:Samuel Palmer on the British Museum Website 504: 1823: 1809: 1451:"Samuel Palmer, His Friends and Followers" 936:The Arts Council of Great Britain (1956). 46: 23:. For the English printer and author, see 1575:"National Heritage List Entry No 1272740" 1554:"National Heritage List Entry No 1240907" 1512:"National Heritage List Entry No 1243739" 1368:Bloomstein, Rex (director) (3 May 1977). 884:Denny, Barbara; Starren, Carolyn (1998). 852: 771:blue plaque is located at 6 Douro Place, 729:Samuel Palmer, His Friends and Followers, 1477:Samuel Palmer, His Friends and Followers 1258:Norman, Geraldine; Keating, Tom (1977). 607: 501:in the 1920s. (See: Jolyon Drury, 2006) 338: 332:(1879). He became a full member of the 275: 215: 1397: 1382: 1297: 950: 920: 803:An address to the Electors of West Kent 4241: 1763:Vaughan, W. and Barker, E. E. (2005). 1282: 1232: 1202: 1187: 1109: 1094: 1069: 1054: 998: 983: 965: 574:the same day read, ‘I FAKED THE LOT!’ 4170:Romanticism and the French Revolution 1804: 1474: 1448: 1183: 1181: 1039: 1024: 405: 1791:with several images of Palmer's work 979: 977: 682:Samuel Palmer: Vision and Landscape, 1772:Samuel Palmer: Shadows on the wall. 1715:. Cambridge University Press, 1986. 1372:(television). Dedham, Essex: BBC-1. 13: 1645:Samuel Palmer: The Visionary Years 1613: 1178: 923:SAMUEL PALMER: The Visionary Years 425:Samuel Palmer: The Visionary Years 14: 4330: 4319:19th-century English male artists 1778: 1533:"English Heritage: Samuel Palmer" 974: 758: 4223: 4222: 1652:Samuel Palmer's Valley of Vision 953:Samuel Palmer's Valley of Vision 821:With pipe and rural chaunt along 597:, the Keeper of Pictures at the 593:purchased in 1965, on advice by 444:Weald of Kent, The Evening Star, 239:, near Sevenoaks in the west of 1830: 1722:(1892; facsimile reprint 1972). 1588: 1567: 1546: 1525: 1504: 1483: 1479:. London: The Fine Art Society. 1468: 1442: 1416: 1391: 1376: 1361: 1346: 1331: 1316: 1291: 1276: 1251: 1226: 1211: 1196: 1163: 1148: 1133: 1118: 1103: 1088: 1063: 1048: 1033: 1018: 999:Palmer, Samuel (11 June 2003). 992: 27:. For the British surgeon, see 1713:The Paintings of Samuel Palmer 959: 944: 929: 914: 864: 834: 694:Cypresses at the Villa d'Este, 585:. The Cecil Higgins Museum in 527:that was purchased by a major 517:, Sale Room Correspondent for 323: 1: 4304:People from Newington, London 4259:19th-century English painters 4193:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 1702:of the Works of Samuel Palmer 1491:"Open Plaques: Samuel Palmer" 827: 429:Arts Council of Great Britain 347: 284: 171: 53: 1685:The Letters of Samuel Palmer 809:The 1861 Lives Balance Sheet 413:Victoria & Albert Museum 7: 1683:Lister, Raymond ed (1974). 796: 667:21st century retrospectives 622:Art Trading and Art Faking, 448:Cow Lodge with a Mossy Roof 271: 211: 148:Hon.RE (Hon. Fellow of the 10: 4335: 4309:People from Shoreham, Kent 4274:English landscape painters 4110:Coleridge's theory of life 1706:Cambridge University Press 1671:Samuel Palmer, A Biography 1650:Grigson, Geoffrey (1960). 1643:Grigson, Geoffrey (1947). 1233:Norman, Geraldine (1977). 1070:Norman, Geraldine (1977). 951:Grigson, Geoffrey (1960). 921:Grigson, Geoffrey (1947). 678:Metropolitan Museum of Art 626:The Tom Keating Catalogue, 150:Society of Painter-Etchers 21:Samuel Palmer (biographer) 18: 4284:English romantic painters 4202: 4165:Romanticism and economics 4102: 3994: 3741: 3563: 3508: 3477: 3401: 3350: 3299: 3258: 3167: 3111: 3075: 3029: 3020: 2865: 2809: 2758: 2717: 2676: 2630: 2572: 2442: 2321: 2243: 2180:Manuel AntĂŽnio de Almeida 2162: 2153: 2039: 1907: 1838: 1620:Campbell-Johnston, Rachel 1260:The Tom Keating Catalogue 846:24 September 2015 at the 780:National Portrait Gallery 440:Palmer's Valley of Vision 435:and Grigson's follow-up, 400: 128: 115: 103: 84: 61: 45: 38: 1945:German historical school 1711:Lister, Raymond (1986). 1697:Lister, Raymond (1988). 1673:Faber and Faber, London 1654:. London: Phoenix House. 955:. London: Phoenix House. 654:A Picture of Tom Keating 634:The Horse Chestnut Tree, 540:The Horse Chestnut Tree, 505:Controversy in the 1970s 305:violent rural discontent 206:Merchant Taylors' School 176:Palmer, who was born in 4289:English watercolourists 2592:JĂłzef Ignacy Kraszewski 1797:about Palmer exhibition 1741:Samuel Palmer Revisited 1725:Sellars, James (1974). 1398:Sellars, James (1974). 1298:Sellars, James (1974). 874:(London, 1901), p. 195. 698:A View of Ancient Rome, 431:’s 1956-57 exhibition: 344:A Dream in the Apennine 200:-inspired works at the 29:Samuel Palmer (surgeon) 25:Samuel Palmer (printer) 4299:People from Kensington 4175:Romanticism in science 4130:Middle Ages in history 4125:List of Romantic poets 2837:Josiah Gilbert Holland 1718:Palmer, A. H. (1892). 1629:Drury, Jolyon (2006). 1475:Cooke, Gordon (2012). 1449:Cooke, Gordon (2012). 769:Greater London Council 613: 382:, where he lived at 6 351: 288: 224: 223:(1820s or early 1830s) 4269:English male painters 4145:Romantic epistemology 4135:Opium and Romanticism 2704:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 1930:Counter-Enlightenment 1647:. London: Kegan Paul. 1626:. London, Bloomsbury. 1455:thefineartsociety.com 925:. London: Kegan Paul. 611: 493:, Franklin White and 342: 279: 219: 4314:People from Walworth 4209:Age of Enlightenment 1851:England (literature) 1770:Vaughan, W. (2015). 1633:. (Self-published.) 690:A Cascade in Shadow, 618:British Press Awards 589:had a Palmer called 562:, as well as author 513:. In February 1970, 386:, then a cottage at 334:Water Colour Society 221:In a Shoreham Garden 4279:English printmakers 4264:Artists from London 4160:Romantic psychology 1955:Hudson River School 1899:Sweden (literature) 1884:Russia (literature) 1795:British Museum page 1027:The Daily Telegraph 1001:"The Golden Valley" 870:Minchin, J. G. C., 710:The Weary Ploughman 595:Edward Croft Murray 591:A Barn at Shoreham, 533:Victorian paintings 499:Goldsmiths' College 2145:White Mountain art 2086:Historical fiction 1894:Spain (literature) 1700:Catalogue RaisonnĂ© 1687:OUP, Oxford 1974. 788:1500 self-portrait 708:and the etchings, 614: 603:A Barn at Shoreham 406:Surge in the 1960s 352: 289: 225: 122:Garden in Shoreham 4236: 4235: 4150:Romantic medicine 4120:List of romantics 3559: 3558: 3210:Felix Mendelssohn 3205:Fanny Mendelssohn 3016: 3015: 2730:RosalĂ­a de Castro 2668:Soares dos Passos 2016:Transcendentalism 1980:Nazarene movement 1940:DĂŒsseldorf School 1759:978-1-5272-1775-1 1749:978-0-7546-6747-6 1743:. Ashgate, 2010. 1735:978-0-85670-148-1 1693:978-0-19-817309-0 1639:978-0-9552148-0-6 1129:. pp. 1, 13. 1099:. pp. 1, 12. 749:Graham Sutherland 659:Times journalist 583:St James's Street 491:Laurence Whistler 467:Graham Sutherland 452:The Golden Valley 186:Newington, London 138: 137: 98:, Surrey, England 4326: 4226: 4225: 4185:Evolution theory 3027: 3026: 2160: 2159: 2021:Ukrainian school 1825: 1818: 1811: 1802: 1801: 1607: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1592: 1586: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1571: 1565: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1550: 1544: 1543: 1541: 1539: 1529: 1523: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1508: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1497: 1487: 1481: 1480: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1463: 1461: 1446: 1440: 1439: 1437: 1435: 1420: 1414: 1413: 1395: 1389: 1388: 1380: 1374: 1373: 1365: 1359: 1358: 1350: 1344: 1343: 1335: 1329: 1328: 1320: 1314: 1313: 1295: 1289: 1288: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1255: 1249: 1248: 1230: 1224: 1223: 1215: 1209: 1208: 1200: 1194: 1193: 1185: 1176: 1175: 1167: 1161: 1160: 1152: 1146: 1145: 1144:. pp. 1, 3. 1137: 1131: 1130: 1122: 1116: 1115: 1107: 1101: 1100: 1092: 1086: 1085: 1067: 1061: 1060: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1037: 1031: 1030: 1022: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1005:christies.com/en 996: 990: 989: 981: 972: 971: 963: 957: 956: 948: 942: 941: 933: 927: 926: 918: 912: 911: 881: 875: 868: 862: 859: 850: 838: 817:: A prayer, 1826 805:: Pamphlet, 1832 741:Frederick Griggs 725:Fine Art Society 718:The Lonely Tower 564:Geoffrey Grigson 515:Geraldine Norman 421:Geoffrey Grigson 349: 330:The Lonely Tower 286: 147: 118: 91: 75: 73: 55: 50: 36: 35: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4239: 4238: 4237: 4232: 4231: 4220: 4212: 4198: 4155:Romantic poetry 4140:Romantic ballet 4115:German idealism 4098: 4064:Lacoue-Labarthe 3990: 3737: 3555: 3504: 3473: 3454:Rimsky-Korsakov 3397: 3346: 3295: 3254: 3163: 3107: 3071: 3012: 2861: 2805: 2754: 2713: 2672: 2626: 2568: 2509:Maria Edgeworth 2445: 2438: 2317: 2239: 2149: 2128:Romantic genius 2058:Gesamtkunstwerk 2035: 1996:Sturm und Drang 1903: 1834: 1829: 1781: 1667:Lister, Raymond 1616: 1614:Further reading 1611: 1610: 1600: 1598: 1594: 1593: 1589: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1572: 1568: 1558: 1556: 1552: 1551: 1547: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1530: 1526: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1509: 1505: 1495: 1493: 1489: 1488: 1484: 1473: 1469: 1459: 1457: 1447: 1443: 1433: 1431: 1421: 1417: 1410: 1396: 1392: 1381: 1377: 1367: 1366: 1362: 1351: 1347: 1336: 1332: 1321: 1317: 1310: 1296: 1292: 1281: 1277: 1270: 1256: 1252: 1245: 1231: 1227: 1216: 1212: 1201: 1197: 1186: 1179: 1168: 1164: 1153: 1149: 1138: 1134: 1123: 1119: 1108: 1104: 1093: 1089: 1082: 1068: 1064: 1053: 1049: 1038: 1034: 1023: 1019: 1009: 1007: 997: 993: 982: 975: 964: 960: 949: 945: 934: 930: 919: 915: 896: 886:Kensington Past 882: 878: 869: 865: 860: 853: 848:Wayback Machine 839: 835: 830: 799: 761: 737:George Richmond 702:George Richmond 669: 560:British Museums 507: 495:Clifford Harper 487:glass engraving 408: 403: 326: 274: 249:George Richmond 214: 174: 143: 116: 99: 93: 89: 80: 79:London, England 77: 76:27 January 1805 71: 69: 68: 67: 57: 52:Self portrait, 41: 32: 17: 16:English painter 12: 11: 5: 4332: 4322: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4234: 4233: 4213: 4205: 4204: 4203: 4200: 4199: 4197: 4196: 4189: 4188: 4187: 4182: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4106: 4104: 4103:Related topics 4100: 4099: 4097: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4000: 3998: 3992: 3991: 3989: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3831:Gallen-Kallela 3828: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3806:David d'Angers 3803: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3747: 3745: 3743:Visual artists 3739: 3738: 3736: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3703:Schleiermacher 3700: 3695: 3690: 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3011: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2968:OehlenschlĂ€ger 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2869: 2867: 2863: 2862: 2860: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2824: 2819: 2813: 2811: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2762: 2760: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2721: 2719: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2711: 2706: 2701: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2680: 2678: 2674: 2673: 2671: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2638:Castelo Branco 2634: 2632: 2628: 2627: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2578: 2576: 2570: 2569: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2501: 2496: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2450: 2448: 2440: 2439: 2437: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2391: 2386: 2381: 2376: 2371: 2366: 2364:Brothers Grimm 2361: 2356: 2351: 2346: 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Shelley 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2534:Mary Robinson 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2505: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2449: 2447: 2441: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2387: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2279: 2276: 2274: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2263:Chateaubriand 2261: 2259: 2256: 2254: 2251: 2250: 2248: 2246: 2242: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2152: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2140: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2093: 2092:Mal du siĂšcle 2089: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2071: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2059: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2044: 2042: 2038: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2011: 2007: 2005: 2002: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1826: 1821: 1819: 1814: 1812: 1807: 1806: 1803: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1786: 1783: 1782: 1773: 1769: 1766: 1762: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1727:Samuel Palmer 1724: 1721: 1717: 1714: 1710: 1707: 1703: 1701: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1680: 1679:0-571-09732-4 1676: 1672: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1656: 1653: 1649: 1646: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1625: 1621: 1618: 1617: 1597: 1591: 1576: 1570: 1555: 1549: 1534: 1528: 1513: 1507: 1492: 1486: 1478: 1471: 1456: 1452: 1445: 1430: 1429:Metmuseum.org 1426: 1419: 1411: 1405: 1401: 1400:Samuel Palmer 1394: 1387:. p. 14. 1386: 1379: 1371: 1364: 1356: 1349: 1341: 1334: 1326: 1319: 1311: 1305: 1301: 1300:Samuel Palmer 1294: 1286: 1279: 1271: 1269:0-09-129610-2 1265: 1261: 1254: 1246: 1240: 1236: 1229: 1221: 1214: 1207:. p. 14. 1206: 1199: 1191: 1184: 1182: 1173: 1166: 1158: 1151: 1143: 1142:Daily Express 1136: 1128: 1121: 1113: 1106: 1098: 1091: 1083: 1077: 1073: 1066: 1059:. p. 18. 1058: 1051: 1044:. p. 11. 1043: 1036: 1029:. p. 17. 1028: 1021: 1006: 1002: 995: 988:. p. 12. 987: 980: 978: 970:. p. 12. 969: 962: 954: 947: 939: 932: 924: 917: 910: 905: 901: 897: 895:9780948667503 891: 887: 880: 873: 867: 858: 856: 849: 845: 842: 837: 833: 822: 819: 816: 813: 810: 807: 804: 801: 800: 794: 791: 789: 785: 781: 776: 774: 770: 766: 756: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 723:In 2012, the 721: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 664: 662: 661:David Carritt 657: 655: 652:documentary, 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 630: 627: 623: 619: 610: 606: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 575: 573: 572:Daily Express 569: 568:Dedham, Essex 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 544: 541: 536: 534: 530: 526: 522: 521: 516: 512: 502: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 455: 453: 449: 445: 441: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 398: 395: 393: 389: 385: 381: 375: 373: 369: 368: 363: 362: 357: 345: 341: 337: 335: 331: 321: 318: 313: 311: 310:William Blake 306: 302: 298: 294: 282: 278: 269: 266: 262: 256: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 233:William Blake 230: 222: 218: 209: 207: 203: 202:Royal Academy 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 182:Old Kent Road 179: 178:Surrey Square 169: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 146: 142: 141:Samuel Palmer 134: 131: 127: 123: 120: 114: 110: 106: 102: 97: 87: 83: 66:Samuel Palmer 64: 60: 49: 44: 40:Samuel Palmer 37: 34: 30: 26: 22: 4221: 4214: 4207: 4191: 3911:Porto-Alegre 3905: 3565:Philosophers 3449:Rachmaninoff 2898:Chavchavadze 2888:Baratashvili 2648:JoĂŁo de Deus 2617:Wincenty Pol 2409:KĂŒchelbecker 2137: 2103:Noble savage 2090: 2056: 2031:Wallenrodism 2008: 1994: 1925:Coppet group 1859:(literature) 1789:Tate Gallery 1771: 1764: 1740: 1726: 1719: 1712: 1698: 1684: 1670: 1658: 1651: 1644: 1630: 1623: 1599:. 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Arnim 2139:Weltschmerz 2098:Medievalism 2047:Blue flower 1975:Nationalist 1920:Bohemianism 1832:Romanticism 790:as Christ. 765:blue plaque 714:The Bellman 579:Westminster 552:Fitzwilliam 529:Bond Street 511:Tom Keating 483:John Minton 475:Joseph Webb 384:Douro Place 324:Later years 247:(including 166:Romanticism 109:printmaking 88:24 May 1881 4243:Categories 3776:ChassĂ©riau 3751:Aivazovsky 3459:Rubinstein 3444:Mussorgsky 3393:Wieniawski 3378:Paderewski 3220:Moszkowski 3003:Vörösmarty 2993:Shevchenko 2847:Longfellow 2771:Batyushkov 2766:Baratynsky 2735:Espronceda 2602:Mickiewicz 2597:Malczewski 2564:Wordsworth 2549:M. Shelley 2504:de Quincey 2369:GĂŒnderrode 2253:Baudelaire 2133:Wanderlust 1970:Lake Poets 1601:25 January 1580:25 January 1559:25 January 1538:25 January 1517:25 January 1496:25 January 1244:0091294207 1081:0091294207 828:References 773:Kensington 745:Paul Drury 646:Old Bailey 471:Paul Drury 380:Kensington 301:Devonshire 293:Marylebone 261:Queen Anne 172:Early life 162:printmaker 111:, drawing, 107:Painting, 72:1805-01-27 4216:Modernism 3876:Kiprensky 3836:GĂ©ricault 3821:Friedrich 3811:Delacroix 3786:Constable 3766:Bonington 3756:Bierstadt 3708:Senancour 3683:Schelling 3638:Lamennais 3633:Khomyakov 3598:Coleridge 3593:Chaadayev 3500:Stanković 3495:Mokranjac 3414:Balakirev 3373:Moniuszko 3322:Donizetti 3317:Cherubini 3215:Meyerbeer 3200:Marschner 3175:Beethoven 3088:Moscheles 3022:Musicians 3008:Wergeland 2973:Orbeliani 2928:Grundtvig 2832:Hawthorne 2801:Zhukovsky 2796:Vyazemsky 2781:Lermontov 2740:GutiĂ©rrez 2699:Radičević 2663:Herculano 2587:KrasiƄski 2529:Radcliffe 2499:Coleridge 2474:E. BrontĂ« 2469:C. BrontĂ« 2399:Jean Paul 2394:Hölderlin 2283:Lamartine 2220:MagalhĂŁes 2210:GuimarĂŁes 2118:Pantheism 2108:Nostalgia 1960:Indianism 1908:Movements 1839:Countries 1385:The Times 1355:The Times 1285:The Times 1220:The Times 1205:The Times 1190:The Times 1172:The Times 1157:The Times 1127:The Times 1112:The Times 1097:The Times 1057:The Times 1042:The Times 986:The Times 968:The Times 638:Sotheby’s 548:Ashmolean 520:The Times 361:L'Allegro 358:'s poems 317:honeymoon 231:, he met 156:painter, 154:landscape 4228:Category 4044:Dahlhaus 4029:Blanning 3996:Scholars 3966:Tropinin 3961:Tidemand 3951:Stattler 3946:Scheffer 3846:GƂowacki 3816:Edelfelt 3771:Bryullov 3713:Snellman 3688:Schiller 3678:Rousseau 3658:Michelet 3603:Constant 3573:Belinsky 3546:Sibelius 3490:Konjović 3464:Scriabin 3434:Lyapunov 3368:LipiƄski 3337:Spontini 3327:Paganini 3271:Goldmark 3062:Thalberg 3057:Schubert 3037:Bruckner 2998:Topelius 2988:Runeberg 2978:PreĆĄeren 2948:Leopardi 2913:FrashĂ«ri 2903:Eminescu 2883:Andersen 2791:Tyutchev 2776:Karamzin 2750:Zorrilla 2745:Saavedra 2643:Castilho 2631:Portugal 2622:SƂowacki 2524:Polidori 2454:Barbauld 2389:Hoffmann 2344:Brentano 2258:Bertrand 2079:Romantic 1915:Ancients 1889:Scotland 1669:(1974). 1622:(2011). 1460:29 April 1434:29 April 909:1851–61. 904:42308455 844:Archived 797:Writings 676:and the 272:Maturity 237:Shoreham 227:Through 212:Shoreham 190:Walworth 180:off the 129:Movement 4069:Lovejoy 4004:Abraham 3926:Richard 3916:PrĂ©ault 3841:Girodet 3723:Thoreau 3668:Novalis 3653:Mazzini 3648:Maistre 3623:Hazlitt 3608:Emerson 3588:Carlyle 3578:Berchet 3521:Berwald 3516:Bennett 3485:Hristić 3439:Medtner 3419:Borodin 3409:Arensky 3332:Rossini 3307:Bellini 3286:Joachim 3259:Hungary 3240:Strauss 3168:Germany 3134:Berlioz 3103:Voƙíơek 3098:Smetana 3076:Czechia 3030:Austria 2963:Maturin 2958:Manzoni 2933:Heliade 2908:Foscolo 2878:Alfieri 2873:Abovian 2827:Emerson 2786:Pushkin 2725:BĂ©cquer 2658:Garrett 2612:Potocki 2559:Southey 2519:Maturin 2489:Carlyle 2446:Britain 2419:Novalis 2374:Gutzkow 2322:Germany 2288:MĂ©rimĂ©e 2273:Gautier 2200:Barreto 2195:Azevedo 2175:Alencar 2155:Writers 2074:Byronic 2010:Purismo 1864:Germany 1846:Denmark 1787:at the 727:staged 587:Bedford 392:Redhill 388:Reigate 194:Baptist 96:Redhill 4094:Wellek 4074:de Man 4059:Janion 4049:Ferber 4024:Berlin 4019:Beiser 4014:Barzun 4009:Abrams 3986:Wiertz 3971:Turner 3921:RĂ©voil 3906:Palmer 3896:Martin 3891:Leutze 3866:Janmot 3826:Fuseli 3781:Church 3673:Quinet 3663:MĂŒller 3618:Goethe 3613:Fichte 3536:Franck 3478:Serbia 3429:Glinka 3402:Russia 3388:Tausig 3383:Stolpe 3363:Chopin 3351:Poland 3312:Busoni 3276:Heller 3245:Wagner 3180:Brahms 3154:Onslow 3144:HalĂ©vy 3112:France 3093:Reicha 3083:Dvoƙák 3052:Mahler 3047:Hummel 3042:Czerny 2938:Isaacs 2918:Geijer 2852:Lowell 2842:Irving 2822:Cooper 2817:Bryant 2759:Russia 2694:NjegoĆĄ 2689:Kostić 2684:JakĆĄić 2677:Serbia 2607:Norwid 2582:Fredro 2574:Poland 2544:Seward 2434:Uhland 2424:Schwab 2414:Mörike 2404:Kleist 2359:Goethe 2354:FouquĂ© 2303:Nodier 2298:Nerval 2293:Musset 2245:France 2235:Varela 2230:Taunay 2215:Macedo 2163:Brazil 2113:Ossian 2040:Themes 1879:Poland 1874:Norway 1856:France 1757:  1747:  1733:  1691:  1677:  1660:Apollo 1637:  1406:  1306:  1266:  1241:  1078:  1010:21 May 902:  892:  751:, and 716:, and 688:, and 636:which 558:, and 485:, the 437:Samuel 401:Legacy 372:Virgil 356:Milton 198:Turner 158:etcher 4180:Bacon 4089:Rosen 4084:Ricks 4079:Nancy 4039:Blume 4034:Bloom 3956:Stroy 3941:Saleh 3936:Runge 3886:Lampi 3871:Jones 3861:Hayez 3796:Corot 3761:Blake 3728:Tieck 3718:StaĂ«l 3643:Larra 3628:Hegel 3583:Burke 3541:Grieg 3531:Field 3526:Elgar 3509:Other 3342:Verdi 3300:Italy 3291:Liszt 3281:Hubay 3266:Erkel 3250:Weber 3235:Spohr 3195:Loewe 3185:Bruch 3149:MĂ©hul 3139:FaurĂ© 3129:Auber 3124:Alkan 2983:Raffi 2953:MĂĄcha 2943:Lenau 2893:Botev 2866:Other 2718:Spain 2653:Dinis 2539:Scott 2514:Keats 2494:Clare 2484:Byron 2479:Burns 2459:Blake 2444:Great 2429:Tieck 2384:Heine 2379:Hauff 2313:Vigny 2308:StaĂ«l 2268:Dumas 2190:Assis 2185:Alves 2170:Abreu 2123:Rhine 2026:Ultra 1869:Japan 350:1864) 287:1830) 188:(now 4054:Frye 3981:Ward 3976:Veit 3931:Rude 3881:Koch 3856:Gude 3851:Goya 3801:Dahl 3791:Cole 3119:Adam 3067:Wolf 2810:U.S. 2709:Zmaj 2339:Beer 2278:Hugo 2225:Reis 2205:Dias 2069:Hero 2004:Post 1965:Jena 1935:Dark 1785:Page 1755:ISBN 1745:ISBN 1731:ISBN 1689:ISBN 1675:ISBN 1635:ISBN 1603:2021 1582:2021 1561:2021 1540:2021 1519:2021 1498:2021 1462:2023 1436:2023 1404:ISBN 1304:ISBN 1264:ISBN 1239:ISBN 1076:ISBN 1012:2023 900:OCLC 890:ISBN 696:and 650:BBC1 556:Tate 446:and 423:'s, 364:and 251:and 241:Kent 160:and 85:Died 62:Born 56:1826 3551:Sor 3424:Cui 2857:Poe 1990:Pre 1985:Neo 786:'s 489:of 184:in 145:RWS 4245:: 4206:← 1767:. 1704:. 1453:. 1427:. 1180:^ 1003:. 976:^ 906:. 898:. 854:^ 755:. 747:, 743:, 739:, 735:, 720:. 712:, 554:, 550:, 481:, 477:, 473:, 469:, 465:, 461:, 415:: 374:. 348:c. 285:c. 54:c. 4219:→ 1824:e 1817:t 1810:v 1708:. 1605:. 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Index

Samuel Palmer (biographer)
Samuel Palmer (printer)
Samuel Palmer (surgeon)

Redhill
printmaking
The Ancients
RWS
Society of Painter-Etchers
landscape
etcher
printmaker
Romanticism
Surrey Square
Old Kent Road
Newington, London
Walworth
Baptist
Turner
Royal Academy
Merchant Taylors' School

John Linnell
William Blake
Shoreham
Kent
the Ancients
George Richmond
Edward Calvert
Queen Anne

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