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3057:, located at high pressures (1 to 100 MPa; lower end requires lower temperature) and low temperatures (< 15 °C; upper end requires higher pressure). Methane clathrates can form from biogenic methane, thermogenic methane, or a mix of the two. These deposits are both a potential source of methane fuel as well as a potential contributor to global warming. The global mass of carbon stored in gas clathrates is still uncertain and has been estimated as high as 12,500
10305:
9058:
1041:
10269:
1485:. The lowest-energy MO is the result of the overlap of the 2s orbital on carbon with the in-phase combination of the 1s orbitals on the four hydrogen atoms. Above this energy level is a triply degenerate set of MOs that involve overlap of the 2p orbitals on carbon with various linear combinations of the 1s orbitals on hydrogen. The resulting "three-over-one" bonding scheme is consistent with photoelectron spectroscopic measurements.
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2482:. Most methane in sedimentary basins is thermogenic; therefore, thermogenic methane is the most important source of natural gas. Thermogenic methane components are typically considered to be relic (from an earlier time). Generally, formation of thermogenic methane (at depth) can occur through organic matter breakup, or organic synthesis. Both ways can involve microorganisms (
2873:
1044:
2390:. Temperatures in excess of 1200 °C are required to break the bonds of methane to produce Hydrogen gas and solid carbon. However, through the use of a suitable catalyst the reaction temperature can be reduced to between 600 °C - 1000 °C depending on the chosen catalyst. The reaction is moderately endothermic as shown in the reaction equation below.
1046:
6621:
Shindell, Drew; Kuylenstierna, Johan C. I.; Vignati, Elisabetta; van
Dingenen, Rita; Amann, Markus; Klimont, Zbigniew; Anenberg, Susan C.; Muller, Nicholas; Janssens-Maenhout, Greet; Raes, Frank; Schwartz, Joel; Faluvegi, Greg; Pozzoli, Luca; Kupiainen, Kaarle; Höglund-Isaksson, Lena; Emberson, Lisa;
4860:
We chose LNG because it is highly efficient, low cost and widely available. Unlike kerosene, LNG can be used to self-pressurize its tank. Known as autogenous repressurization, this eliminates the need for costly and complex systems that draw on Earth's scarce helium reserves. LNG also possesses clean
3061:
carbon and as low as 500 Gt carbon. The estimate has declined over time with a most recent estimate of ≈1800 Gt carbon. A large part of this uncertainty is due to our knowledge gap in sources and sinks of methane and the distribution of methane clathrates at the global scale. For example, a source of
2078:
is lower than that of any other hydrocarbon, but the ratio of the heat of combustion (891 kJ/mol) to the molecular mass (16.0 g/mol, of which 12.0 g/mol is carbon) shows that methane, being the simplest hydrocarbon, produces more heat per mass unit (55.7 kJ/g) than other complex hydrocarbons. In many
2625:
Ruminants, such as cattle, belch methane, accounting for about 22% of the U.S. annual methane emissions to the atmosphere. One study reported that the livestock sector in general (primarily cattle, chickens, and pigs) produces 37% of all human-induced methane. A 2013 study estimated that livestock
4798:
Compressed natural gas is touted as the 'cleanest burning' alternative fuel available, since the simplicity of the methane molecule reduces tailpipe emissions of different pollutants by 35 to 97%. Not quite as dramatic is the reduction in net greenhouse-gas emissions, which is about the same as
2606:
Wetlands are the largest natural sources of methane to the atmosphere, accounting for approximately 20 - 30% of atmospheric methane. Climate change is increasing the amount of methane released from wetlands due to increased temperatures and altered rainfall patterns. This phenomeon is called
2489:
The more important source of methane at depth (crystalline bedrock) is abiotic. Abiotic means that methane is created from inorganic compounds, without biological activity, either through magmatic processes or via water-rock reactions that occur at low temperatures and pressures, like
6074:
Hmiel, Benjamin; Petrenko, V. V.; Dyonisius, M. N.; Buizert, C.; Smith, A. M.; Place, P. F.; Harth, C.; Beaudette, R.; Hua, Q.; Yang, B.; Vimont, I.; Michel, S. E.; Severinghaus, J. P.; Etheridge, D.; Bromley, T.; Schmitt, J.; Faïn, X.; Weiss, R. F.; Dlugokencky, E. (February 2020).
4247:. In: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. A Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change . IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, page 26, section C.2.3
2237:(SMR), or simply known as steam reforming, is the standard industrial method of producing commercial bulk hydrogen gas. More than 50 million metric tons are produced annually worldwide (2013), principally from the SMR of natural gas. Much of this hydrogen is used in
1988:). The methyl radical then reacts with a molecule of the halogen to form a molecule of the halomethane, with a new halogen atom as byproduct. Similar reactions can occur on the halogenated product, leading to replacement of additional hydrogen atoms by halogen atoms with
2626:
accounted for 44% of human-induced methane and about 15% of human-induced greenhouse gas emissions. Many efforts are underway to reduce livestock methane production, such as medical treatments and dietary adjustments, and to trap the gas to use its combustion energy.
7178:"Life on Mars? Rover's Latest Discovery Puts It 'On the Table' – The identification of organic molecules in rocks on the red planet does not necessarily point to life there, past or present, but does indicate that some of the building blocks were present"
2962:
Global monitoring of atmospheric methane concentrations began in the 1980s. The Earth's atmospheric methane concentration has increased 160% since preindustrial levels in the mid-18th century. In 2013, atmospheric methane accounted for 20% of the total
6622:
Streets, David; Ramanathan, V.; Hicks, Kevin; Oanh, N. T. Kim; Milly, George; Williams, Martin; Demkine, Volodymyr; Fowler, David (January 13, 2012). "Simultaneously mitigating near-term climate change and improving human health and food security".
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of methane is lower but this disadvantage is offset by methane's greater density and temperature range, allowing for smaller and lighter tankage for a given fuel mass. Liquid methane has a temperature range (91–112 K) nearly compatible with
2967:
from all of the long-lived and globally mixed greenhouse gases. Between 2011 and 2019 the annual average increase of methane in the atmosphere was 1866 ppb. From 2015 to 2019 sharp rises in levels of atmospheric methane were recorded.
6505:
2936:
Annual global methane emissions are currently approximately 580 Mt, 40% of which is from natural sources and the remaining 60% originating from human activity, known as anthropogenic emissions. The largest anthropogenic source is
1047:
4553:
Reimann, Joachim; Jetten, Mike S.M.; Keltjens, Jan T. (2015). "Metal
Enzymes in "Impossible" Microorganisms Catalyzing the Anaerobic Oxidation of Ammonium and Methane". In Peter M.H. Kroneck and Martha E. Sosa Torres (ed.).
1062:
3189:. The concentration of methane at which asphyxiation risk becomes significant is much higher than the 5–15% concentration in a flammable or explosive mixture. Methane off-gas can penetrate the interiors of buildings near
2921:
of one tonne of methane is equivalent to emitting 82.5 tonnes of carbon dioxide. Burning methane and producing carbon dioxide also reduces the greenhouse gas impact compared to simply venting methane to the atmosphere.
3030:, launched in 2021, promising to cut their methane emissions by 30% by 2030. This could avoid 0.2˚C of warming globally by 2050, although there have been calls for higher commitments in order to reach this target. The
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systems and heterogeneous systems have been developed, but all have significant drawbacks. These generally operate by generating protected products which are shielded from overoxidation. Examples include the
3982:
Methane is a retained name (see P-12.3) that is preferred to the systematic name 'carbane', a name never recommended to replace methane, but used to derive the names 'carbene' and 'carbyne' for the radicals
986:
2448:
Global methane budget (2017). Shows natural sources and sinks (green), anthropogenic sources (orange), and mixed natural and anthropogenic sources (hatched orange-green for 'biomass and biofuel burning').
3407:
The presence of stable lakes of liquid methane on Titan, as well as the surface of Titan being highly chemically active and rich in organic compounds, has led scientists to consider the possibility of
5179:
3193:
and expose occupants to significant levels of methane. Some buildings have specially engineered recovery systems below their basements to actively capture this gas and vent it away from the building.
3045:(also known as methane hydrates) are solid cages of water molecules that trap single molecules of methane. Significant reservoirs of methane clathrates have been found in arctic permafrost and along
7762:
3464:
in
November 1776, he noticed the presence of bubbles in the nearby marshes and decided to investigate. Volta collected the gas rising from the marsh, and demonstrated that the gas was inflammable.
2933:
As methane is gradually converted into carbon dioxide (and water) in the atmosphere, these values include the climate forcing from the carbon dioxide produced from methane over these timescales.
3826:(IPCC) scientists warned atmospheric concentrations of methane had "exceeded the pre-industrial levels by about 150% which represented "levels unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years."
958:
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2382:(GHG). The heat needed for the reaction can also be GHG emission free, e.g. from concentrated sunlight, renewable electricity, or burning some of the produced hydrogen. If the methane is from
6497:
6177:
4216:"Climate Change 2021. The Physical Science Basis. Summary for Policymakers. Working Group I contribution to the WGI Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change"
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periods. A 2012 NASA website said the oceans were a potential important source of Arctic methane, but more recent studies associate increasing methane levels as caused by human activity.
6147:"Methane Emissions from Oil and Gas May Be Significantly Underestimated; Estimates of methane coming from natural sources have been too high, shifting the burden to human activities"
2031:). While leaks from a refrigerated liquid container are initially heavier than air due to the increased density of the cold gas, the gas at ambient temperature is lighter than air.
2654:('methane-eating'), and are the main reason why little methane generated at depth reaches the sea surface. Consortia of Archaea and Bacteria have been found to oxidize methane via
2724:
during storage and transport. A number of similar plants exist around the world, although mostly these plants are targeted towards the production of long chain alkanes for use as
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Dean, Joshua F.; Middelburg, Jack J.; Röckmann, Thomas; Aerts, Rien; Blauw, Luke G.; Egger, Matthias; Jetten, Mike S. M.; de Jong, Anniek E. E.; Meisel, Ove H. (2018).
4630:
Rasul, G.; Surya
Prakash, G.K.; Olah, G.A. (2011). "Comparative study of the hypercoordinate carbonium ions and their boron analogs: A challenge for spectroscopists".
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Forster, P.; Storelvmo, T.; Armour, K.; Collins, W.; Dufresne, J.-L.; Frame, D.; Lunt, D.J.; Mauritsen, T.; Palmer, M.D.; Watanabe, M.; Wild, M.; Zhang, H. (2021).
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5936:
Climate Change 2013 – The
Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
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Baik, Mu-Hyun; Newcomb, Martin; Friesner, Richard A.; Lippard, Stephen J. (2003). "Mechanistic
Studies on the Hydroxylation of Methane by Methane Monooxygenase".
3001:(23%) are similar to, the natural multi-millennial changes between glacial and interglacial periods over at least the past 800,000 years (very high confidence)".
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Climate Change 2021: The
Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
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existing within Titan's lakes, using methane as a solvent in the place of water for Earth-based life and using hydrogen in the atmosphere to derive energy with
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Atreya, Sushil K.; Mahaffy, Paul R.; Wong, Ah-San (2007). "Methane and related trace species on Mars: origin, loss, implications for life, and habitability".
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in the Arctic. Some climate models suggest that today's methane emission regime from the ocean floor is potentially similar to that during the period of the
10089:
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6859:
1537:. Presently nine are known. Cooling methane at normal pressure results in the formation of methane I. This substance crystallizes in the cubic system (
1435:
report. Strong, rapid and sustained reductions in methane emissions could limit near-term warming and improve air quality by reducing global surface ozone.
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Methane is abundant in many parts of the Solar System and potentially could be harvested on the surface of another Solar System body (in particular, using
2591:
This image represents a ruminant, specifically a sheep, producing methane in the four stages of hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis.
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was considered to be the worst in terms of its environmental effect in
American history. It was also described as more damaging to the environment than
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Volta was initially motivated by reports of inflammable air present in marshes by his friend Father Carlo
Guiseppe Campi. While on a fishing trip to
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may have been significantly underestimated. The largest annual increase occurred in 2021 with the overwhelming percentage caused by human activity.
7154:
6174:
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3034:'s 2022 report states "the most cost-effective opportunities for methane abatement are in the energy sector, especially in oil and gas operations".
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11585:
9147:
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5039:"Low-emission hydrogen production via the thermo-catalytic decomposition of methane for the decarbonisation of iron ore mines in Western Australia"
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3074:) around 55.5 million years ago, although there are no data indicating that methane from clathrate dissociation currently reaches the atmosphere.
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Methane is the major component of natural gas, about 87% by volume. The major source of methane is extraction from geological deposits known as
11703:
11219:
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4457:
3023:. Another explanation for the rise in methane emissions could be a slowdown of the chemical reaction that removes methane from the atmosphere.
4665:
Bernskoetter, W. H.; Schauer, C. K.; Goldberg, K. I.; Brookhart, M. (2009). "Characterization of a
Rhodium(I) σ-Methane Complex in Solution".
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of the exhaust also increases the fraction of the heat energy which is in the form of kinetic energy available for propulsion, increasing the
13162:
11042:
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9117:
7187:
6737:"A review of damages observed after catastrophic events experienced in the mid-stream gas industry compared to consequences modelling tools"
5488:
3614:-C can also mean the methane-carbon ratio, which is 1.33 by mass. Methane at scales of the atmosphere is commonly measured in teragrams (Tg
3102:
An International Energy Agency graphic showing the potential of various emission reduction policies for addressing global methane emissions.
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Committee on the Limits of Organic Life in Planetary Systems, Committee on the Origins and Evolution of Life, National Research Council;
5679:
Roque, Breanna M.; Venegas, Marielena; Kinley, Robert D.; Nys, Rocky de; Duarte, Toni L.; Yang, Xiang; Kebreab, Ermias (March 17, 2021).
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mixtures with air. Methane gas explosions are responsible for many deadly mining disasters. A methane gas explosion was the cause of the
4320:
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Methane is an odorless, colourless and transparent gas. It does absorb visible light, especially at the red end of the spectrum, due to
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4985:"Mathematical modelling and simulation of the thermo-catalytic decomposition of methane for economically improved hydrogen production"
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m). The positions of the hydrogen atoms are not fixed in methane I, i.e. methane molecules may rotate freely. Therefore, it is a
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4785:
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5220:
Thiel, Volker (2018), "Methane Carbon Cycling in the Past: Insights from Hydrocarbon and Lipid Biomarkers", in Wilkes, Heinz (ed.),
3467:
Volta notes similar observations of inflammable air were present previously in scientific literature, including a letter written by
2790:
as byproduct). In practice, a requirement for pure methane can easily be fulfilled by steel gas bottle from standard gas suppliers.
3159:. The data collected by Kayrros researchers indicate, that two large Turkmen fossil fuel fields leaked 2.6 million and 1.8 million
2177:
on engine components. Methane is easier to store than hydrogen due to its higher boiling point and density, as well as its lack of
7950:
Lunsford, Jack H. (2000). "Catalytic conversion of methane to more useful chemicals and fuels: A challenge for the 21st century".
7785:"User's Guide For Estimating Carbon Dioxide, Methane, And Nitrous Oxide Emissions From Agriculture Using The State Inventory Tool"
5318:
Serrano-Silva, N.; Sarria-Guzman, Y.; Dendooven, L.; Luna-Guido, M. (2014). "Methanogenesis and methanotrophy in soil: a review".
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which is applied to represent abstracts. The coordination of "-ane", "-ene", "-one", etc. was proposed in 1866 by German chemist
6561:
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Given its cheap abundance in natural gas, there is little incentive to produce methane industrially. Methane can be produced by
2474:
The two main routes for geological methane generation are (i) organic (thermally generated, or thermogenic) and (ii) inorganic (
1500:
their blue or bluish-green colors, as light passes through their atmospheres containing methane and is then scattered back out.
9579:
9338:
9258:
5599:
2601:
927:
2646:. Below the oxygen-replete seafloor, methanogens produce methane that is either used by other organisms or becomes trapped in
2478:). Thermogenic methane occurs due to the breakup of organic matter at elevated temperatures and pressures in deep sedimentary
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Report of the Hydrogen Production Expert Panel: A Subcommittee of the Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee
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Bohrmann, Gerhard; Torres, Marta E. (2006), Schulz, Horst D.; Zabel, Matthias (eds.), "Gas Hydrates in Marine Sediments",
6063:(Report). Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
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Climate change can increase atmospheric methane levels by increasing methane production in natural ecosystems, forming a
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3600:-C can mean the mass of carbon contained in a mass of methane, and the mass of methane is always 1.33 times the mass of
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In 2019, the atmospheric methane concentration was higher than at any time in the last 800,000 years. As stated in the
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2486:), but may also occur inorganically. The processes involved can also consume methane, with and without microorganisms.
1423:
by about 160% since 1750, with the overwhelming percentage caused by human activity. It accounted for 20% of the total
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Gerber, P.J.; Steinfeld, H.; Henderson, B.; Mottet, A.; Opio, C.; Dijkman, J.; Falcucci, A. & Tempio, G. (2013).
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Snyder, Benjamin E. R.; Bols, Max L.; Schoonheydt, Robert A.; Sels, Bert F.; Solomon, Edward I. (December 19, 2017).
2617:
cultivation generates as much as 12% of total global methane emissions due to the long-term flooding of rice fields.
1379:
1324:
1281:
490:
3628:), which mean the same thing. Other standard units are also used, such as nanomole (nmol, one billionth of a mole),
3106:
Methane "degrades air quality and adversely impacts human health, agricultural yields, and ecosystem productivity".
1973:
ensues in which the halogen atom abstracts a hydrogen atom from a methane molecule, resulting in the formation of a
4181:
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engines. Due to the similarities between methane and LNG such engines are commonly grouped together under the term
2123:
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61:
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7852:"U.S. Methane Emissions 1990–2020: Inventories, Projections, and Opportunities for Reductions (EPA 430-R-99-013)"
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5681:"Red seaweed (Asparagopsis taxiformis) supplementation reduces enteric methane by over 80 percent in beef steers"
630:
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Bini, R.; Pratesi, G. (1997). "High-pressure infrared study of solid methane: Phase diagram up to 30 GPa".
3328:
2917:(potential of 1) over a 100-year period, and 82.5 ± 25.8 over a 20-year period. This means that, for example, a
1713:
derived from methane have been observed, mostly as unstable species in low-pressure gas mixtures. These include
8435:
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Zubrin, R. M.; Muscatello, A. C.; Berggren, M. (2013). "Integrated Mars in Situ Propellant Production System".
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and also exists in a liquid form on its surface, where it comprises the majority of the liquid in Titan's vast
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Abiotic sources of methane have been found in more than 20 countries and in several deep ocean regions so far.
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in the world's atmosphere have ranged between 300 and 400 nmol/mol during glacial periods commonly known as
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is described by four bonding molecular orbitals (MOs) resulting from the overlap of the valence orbitals on
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Lessner, Daniel J. (Dec 2009) Methanogenesis Biochemistry. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester.
4244:
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2244:, in the production of chemicals and in food processing. Very large quantities of hydrogen are used in the
1605:), a more convenient, liquid fuel, is challenging because the reaction typically progresses all the way to
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about where extraterrestrial abiotic methane comes from (Big Bang? supernova? mineral deposits reacting?).
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This multistep process is used by these microorganisms for energy. The net reaction of methanogenesis is:
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in its natural gas form, or by LNG carriers in its liquefied form; few countries transport it by truck.
2433:
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5975:"Very Strong Atmospheric Methane Growth in the 4 Years 2014–2017: Implications for the Paris Agreement"
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Knittel, K.; Wegener, G.; Boetius, A. (2019), McGenity, Terry J. (ed.), "Anaerobic Methane Oxidizers",
3959:
3660:
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3582:
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2891:) at stations around the world. Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in
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produces methanol from methane, but cannot be used for industrial-scale reactions. Some homogeneously
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combustion characteristics even at low throttle, simplifying engine reuse compared to kerosene fuels.
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levels on Mars. These fluctuations peaked at the end of the Martian summer at 0.6 parts per billion.
3287:
2063:
1950:
318:
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5777:, Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–21,
5224:, Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, Springer International Publishing, pp. 1–30,
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2903:, responsible for around 30% of the rise in global temperatures since the industrial revolution.
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5839:. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press. pp. 923–1054.
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Microbial Communities Utilizing Hydrocarbons and Lipids: Members, Metagenomics and Ecophysiology
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combination, or kerolox, of producing small exhaust molecules, reducing coking or deposition of
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that generate natural gas are buried deeper and at higher temperatures than those that contain
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2233:, which is mostly composed of methane, is used to produce hydrogen gas on an industrial scale.
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if the oxygen concentration is reduced to below about 16% by displacement, as most people can
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Brown, Dwayne; Wendel, JoAnna; Steigerwald, Bill; Jones, Nancy; Good, Andrew (June 7, 2018).
3956:
Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book)
3670:
3324:
3137:
2818:
is a method of recovering methane from non-mineable coal seams). It is associated with other
2705:
2374:
Hydrogen can also be produced via the direct decomposition of methane, also known as methane
2364:
2100:
1621:
1000:
970:
698:
7045:
6885:
6736:
4938:
2735:
2587:
13040:
12984:
12516:
12432:
12169:
10932:
10243:
10227:
9852:
9223:
9194:
9075:
8899:
7646:
The history and description of fossil fuel, the collieries, and coal trade of Great Britain
7540:
7460:
7374:
7320:
7253:
7041:
6959:
6631:
6420:
6366:
6088:
5986:
5692:
5513:
Boswell, Ray; Collett, Timothy S. (2011). "Current perspectives on gas hydrate resources".
5415:
5327:
5280:
5155:
5050:
4996:
4674:
4639:
4426:
4365:
4269:
3374:
3013:
2709:
2516:, a form of anaerobic respiration only known to be conducted by some members of the domain
2092:
2016:
432:
105:
32:
7449:"Have olivine, will gas: Serpentinization and the abiogenic production of methane on Mars"
6836:
6276:
8:
13101:
12992:
12677:
12511:
12133:
11907:
11153:
10927:
10428:
10187:
10167:
9980:
9670:
9158:
9022:
8997:
8965:
8884:
8734:
7934:
7356:
6251:"Guest post: The Global Methane Pledge needs to go further to help limit warming to 1.5C"
6155:
4344:"Hazy Blue Worlds: A Holistic Aerosol Model for Uranus and Neptune, Including Dark Spots"
3680:
3665:
3536:
3393:
2867:
2639:
2096:
1892:
1413:
1409:
1193:
288:
164:
7755:"Is there is any difference in expressing greenhouse gases as CH4Kg/ha and CH4-C Kg/ha?"
7544:
7464:
7378:
7324:
7257:
6635:
6424:
6370:
6092:
5990:
5832:
5696:
5419:
5331:
5284:
5159:
5054:
5000:
4678:
4643:
4556:
Sustaining Life on Planet Earth: Metalloenzymes Mastering Dioxygen and Other Chewy Gases
4430:
4369:
4273:
3231:
Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the
2466:
248:
174:
12665:
12660:
12569:
12553:
12160:
11994:
11964:
11900:
10285:
10207:
10177:
10122:
9999:
9975:
9474:
9408:
9273:
9233:
9084:
9047:
9007:
8986:
8929:
8904:
8744:
8704:
7681:
7644:
7478:
7287:
7224:
7182:
7005:
6663:
6120:
5723:
5680:
5379:
5354:
5243:
5171:
5167:
5119:
5092:
5066:
5012:
4698:
4612:
4595:
Bordwell, Frederick G. (1988). "Equilibrium acidities in dimethyl sulfoxide solution".
4399:
4386:
4355:
4343:
4285:
3446:
3352:
3313:
3126:
3046:
3005:
2892:
2853:
2831:
2799:
2509:
2245:
2215:
2075:
2032:
1829:
1691:
1492:, but the effect is only noticeable if the light path is very long. This is what gives
1076:
795:
780:
475:
310:
228:
7963:
7922:
7571:
Lettere del Signor Don Alessandro Volta ... Sull' Aria Inflammable Nativa Delle Paludi
6527:
5339:
2701:, which is practiced on a large scale to produce longer-chain molecules than methane.
2035:
distribute large amounts of natural gas, of which methane is the principal component.
1880:
is a systematically reduced four-step chemistry that explains the burning of methane.
13132:
13024:
13016:
12582:
12545:
12448:
12339:
12324:
12319:
12124:
11916:
11343:
10744:
10674:
10534:
10482:
10466:
10458:
10379:
10232:
9815:
9715:
9685:
9603:
9343:
9228:
9184:
9132:
8939:
8934:
8866:
8526:
8509:
8454:
7902:
7821:"What does CH4-C mean? – Definition of CH4-C – CH4-C stands for Methane-carbon ratio"
7598:
7496:
7402:
7365:
7338:
7311:
7279:
7244:
7228:
7211:
6655:
6647:
6591:
6337:
6314:
6124:
6112:
6104:
6023:
5947:
5850:
5786:
5728:
5710:
5625:. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Archived from
5433:
5384:
5247:
5233:
5175:
5143:
5124:
5070:
5016:
4690:
4577:
4567:
4535:
4515:
4496:
4403:
4391:
4310:
3971:
3751:
3468:
3332:
3320:
3306:
3042:
2964:
2925:
2747:
2683:
2647:
2643:
2475:
2079:
areas with a dense enough population, methane is piped into homes and businesses for
1958:
1527:
1519:
1503:
The familiar smell of natural gas as used in homes is achieved by the addition of an
1458:
1424:
1420:
1405:
1383:
1333:
12613:
8818:
7670:"On the action of trichloride of phosphorus on the salts of the aromatic monoamines"
7482:
7291:
6667:
6530:(Press release). The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). September 19, 2012.
6076:
5593:
4616:
4289:
4158:
198:
13122:
12801:
12537:
12524:
12424:
12368:
12329:
12255:
12242:
12196:
11985:
10863:
10507:
10384:
10309:
10297:
10217:
10117:
10022:
9970:
9403:
9278:
9243:
9164:
9152:
9112:
9017:
8950:
7984:
7959:
7548:
7468:
7392:
7382:
7328:
7269:
7261:
7216:
7057:
7049:
6955:
6785:
6639:
6471:"Methane Releases From Arctic Shelf May Be Much Larger and Faster Than Anticipated"
6438:
6428:
6384:
6374:
6306:
6096:
5994:
5939:
5778:
5718:
5700:
5522:
5423:
5374:
5366:
5335:
5298:
5288:
5225:
5163:
5114:
5104:
5062:
5058:
5008:
5004:
4966:
4702:
4682:
4647:
4604:
4559:
4527:
4488:
4434:
4381:
4373:
4277:
4154:
3963:
3565:(meaning "wood"). The radical is named after this because it was first detected in
3442:
3431:
2787:
2783:
2771:
2694:
2202:(54–90 K). The fuel currently sees use in operational launch vehicles such as
2186:
2182:
1997:
1386:
1355:
1337:
1298:
1255:
1249:
650:
644:
190.56 K (−82.59 °C; −116.66 °F), 4.5992 MPa (45.391 atm)
538:
12686:
12633:
12220:
7307:"Background levels of methane in Mars' atmosphere show strong seasonal variations"
7079:"Release 18-050 – NASA Finds Ancient Organic Material, Mysterious Methane on Mars"
6056:(2013). Stocker, T. F.; Qin, D.; Plattner, G.-K.; Tignor, M.; et al. (eds.).
5931:
5782:
5229:
4970:
4813:
4516:"Iron and Copper Active Sites in Zeolites and Their Correlation to Metalloenzymes"
12652:
12532:
12376:
12334:
12310:
12296:
12282:
10948:
10599:
10474:
10389:
10369:
9905:
9880:
9418:
9358:
9142:
9042:
9027:
9012:
8919:
8909:
8599:
7720:
7578:
7552:
6735:
OSMAN, Karim; GENIAUT, Baptiste; HERCHIN, Nicolas; BLANCHETIERE, Vincent (2015).
6181:
5943:
5705:
5208:
4945:
4722:
4651:
3870:
Forsterite + Fayalite + Water + Carbonic acid → Serpentine + Magnetite + Methane
3735:
3063:
2942:
2461:
2317:
2264:
2234:
2211:
2194:
2190:
2004:
2000:
structures, depending upon reaction conditions and the halogen-to-methane ratio.
1974:
1653:
1562:
1546:
1508:
1292:
1112:
814:
337:
12345:
10399:
10359:
6769:
Casal, Joaquim; Gómez-Mares, Mercedes; Muñoz, Miguel; Palacios, Adriana (2012).
6709:
6584:"Scientists shocked by Arctic permafrost thawing 70 years sooner than predicted"
5620:
4751:"Lumber Company Locates Kilns at Landfill to Use Methane – Energy Manager Today"
4563:
4531:
3967:
3082:
and seafloor methane clathrates is a potential consequence and further cause of
2697:. Methane is also a side product of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide in the
396:
13137:
12627:
12577:
11848:
10940:
10647:
10623:
10611:
10587:
10490:
10374:
10320:
10142:
10107:
9890:
9780:
9745:
9730:
9665:
9660:
9559:
9459:
9378:
9353:
9318:
9263:
9238:
9107:
8955:
8561:
8430:
8405:
7529:"Possibilities for methanogenic life in liquid methane on the surface of Titan"
7361:"Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater, Mars"
6199:"Methane much more sensitive to global heating than previously thought – study"
5093:"The origin, source, and cycling of methane in deep crystalline rock biosphere"
4260:
Etiope, Giuseppe; Lollar, Barbara Sherwood (2013). "Abiotic Methane on Earth".
4113:
3846:
3781:
3726:
3721:
3695:
3438:
3397:
3348:
3182:
3175:
3164:
3083:
2900:
2838:
2779:
2767:
2751:
2513:
2503:
2483:
2412:
2379:
2207:
2071:
2027:
Methane may be transported as a refrigerated liquid (liquefied natural gas, or
1993:
1978:
1970:
1699:
1606:
1515:
1428:
1202:
745:
733:
712:
11826:
11300:
8689:
7111:
7053:
6100:
5598:. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
5428:
5403:
5370:
4438:
3170:
equivalent of 366 million tonnes into the atmosphere, surpassing the annual CO
3090:. Data from 2016 indicate that Arctic permafrost thaws faster than predicted.
2452:
Methane can be generated through geological, biological or industrial routes.
13116:
10172:
10027:
9910:
9885:
9866:
9810:
9690:
9648:
9643:
9383:
9373:
9333:
9208:
9102:
9057:
9032:
8914:
8894:
8760:
7031:
6887:"California methane gas leak 'more damaging than Deepwater Horizon disaster'"
6860:"The Massive Methane Blowout In Aliso Canyon Was The Largest in U.S. History"
6651:
6595:
6310:
6108:
6027:
5714:
5317:
5109:
4223:
3453:
3118:
2948:
2834:
2803:
2690:
2635:
2537:
2444:
2199:
2170:
2162:
2131:
2012:
1989:
1797:
1703:
1695:
1489:
835:
671:
620:
610:
299:
10808:
7619:"Founders Online: From Benjamin Franklin to Joseph Priestley, 10 April 1774"
7387:
7360:
7333:
7306:
7265:
7220:
6643:
6528:"Arctic sea ice reaches lowest extent for the year and the satellite record"
4814:
Thunnissen, Daniel P.; Guernsey, C. S.; Baker, R. S.; Miyake, R. N. (2004).
4686:
13093:
12644:
12247:
11952:
11940:
11683:
11573:
11492:
10248:
10102:
9955:
9895:
9875:
9847:
9775:
9655:
9638:
9593:
9544:
9449:
9169:
9122:
8970:
8785:
8770:
8556:
8541:
8536:
7733:
7406:
7397:
7342:
7283:
6659:
6116:
5732:
5626:
5453:"'Exceptional' surge in methane emissions from wetlands worries scientists"
5437:
5388:
5353:
Sirohi, S. K.; Pandey, Neha; Singh, B.; Puniya, A. K. (September 1, 2010).
5128:
4694:
4581:
4539:
4500:
4395:
4111:
3836:
3801:
3791:
3494:
3479:
3385:
3359:
3344:
3277:
3273:
3261:
3232:
3160:
3152:
3148:
2956:
2941:, responsible for around one quarter of emissions, closely followed by the
2743:
2717:
2679:
2659:
2651:
2491:
1638:
1570:
1443:
750:
7062:
6077:"Preindustrial 14CH4 indicates greater anthropogenic fossil CH4 emissions"
5144:"Indications for an active petroleum system in the Laptev Sea, NE Siberia"
4843:
2841:
and reworked methane from deep under the Earth's surface. In general, the
1068:
12287:
12102:
11977:
11691:
11561:
11018:
11006:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10872:
10575:
10563:
10551:
10222:
10132:
10097:
10064:
9990:
9965:
9805:
9710:
9680:
9564:
9479:
9469:
9199:
9127:
8807:
8802:
8709:
8586:
8551:
8371:
8354:
8286:
8252:
8235:
7473:
7448:
7209:
Voosen, Paul (June 7, 2018). "NASA rover hits organic pay dirt on Mars".
6770:
6433:
6379:
6354:
6151:
5999:
5974:
5293:
5268:
4558:. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Vol. 15. Springer. pp. 257–313.
4377:
3746:
3715:
3710:
3629:
3569:, an alcohol first isolated by distillation of wood. The chemical suffix
3513:", which denotes substances belonging to the alkane family; and the word
3461:
3401:
3009:
2938:
2888:
2819:
2763:
2739:
2729:
2425:
2387:
2302:
2230:
2127:
2084:
2067:
2059:
2051:
1870:
1673:
1538:
1390:
1363:
1088:
1075:
6620:
4608:
4189:
United Nations Environment Programme and Climate and Clean Air Coalition
3535:(corresponding to English "methylene"), the root of which was coined by
1761:. Methanium can also be produced as diluted solutions from methane with
1054:
12006:
11928:
11802:
11030:
10635:
10137:
10079:
10042:
10017:
9915:
9725:
9588:
8790:
8780:
8775:
8765:
8714:
8388:
8320:
8303:
8269:
7274:
6789:
6389:
6224:
5833:"The Earth's Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity"
5526:
5303:
4922:"China beats rivals to successfully launch first methane-liquid rocket"
4143:
Khalil, M. A. K. (1999). "Non-Co2 Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere".
3850:
3771:
3079:
3027:
2346:
2268:
2083:, cooking, and industrial uses. In this context it is usually known as
2008:
1833:
1558:
1400:
and is formed by both geological and biological processes. The largest
1061:
661:
557:
319:
279:
7685:
4492:
4281:
2716:, a resource that is otherwise difficult to transport for its weight,
1820:
11861:
11553:
11524:
11370:
11240:
11183:
10994:
10910:
10717:
10069:
9934:
9770:
9574:
9454:
9308:
9283:
8797:
8719:
8571:
8218:
7898:
7149:
6443:
5876:"Methane and climate change – Global Methane Tracker 2022 – Analysis"
5806:"Methane and climate change – Global Methane Tracker 2022 – Analysis"
4782:"Natural Gas Cars: CNG Fuel Almost Free in Some Parts of the Country"
4086:. US: Metheson Tri-Gas Incorporated. December 4, 2009. Archived from
3731:
3412:
3190:
3129:, due to past accidental releases that concluded in the formation of
3110:
2945:, which includes emissions from coal, oil, natural gas and biofuels.
2846:
2650:. These other organisms that utilize methane for energy are known as
2529:
2375:
2316:
206 kJ/mol). Additional hydrogen is obtained by the reaction of
2238:
2088:
1962:
1866:
1801:
1762:
1742:
1714:
1677:
1625:
1523:
1401:
1396:
Naturally occurring methane is found both below ground and under the
738:
443:
7528:
6473:(Press release). National Science Foundation (NSF). March 10, 2010.
6408:
5222:
Hydrocarbons, Oils and Lipids: Diversity, Origin, Chemistry and Fate
4664:
2678:
This diagram shows a method for producing methane sustainably. See:
2047:
for ovens, homes, water heaters, kilns, automobiles, turbines, etc.
1201:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
12277:
11856:
11752:
11512:
11382:
11283:
11248:
11141:
11112:
10982:
10779:
10539:
10037:
9949:
9750:
9613:
9598:
9569:
9438:
9213:
9037:
8981:
8975:
8944:
8889:
8857:
8739:
8724:
8675:
8576:
8546:
8531:
8504:
8477:
8201:
8184:
7849:
5402:
Lyu, Zhe; Shao, Nana; Akinyemi, Taiwo; Whitman, William B. (2018).
4360:
4302:
3854:
3795:
3785:
3633:
3566:
3483:
3343:
from the raw materials available on Mars, utilizing water from the
3327:
due in part to the possibility of synthesizing it on the planet by
3130:
2952:
2842:
2827:
2725:
2525:
2521:
2368:
2256:
2241:
2219:
2203:
2166:
1954:
1938:
1934:
1645:
1602:
1593:
1586:
1504:
1482:
1397:
1351:
1178:
1173:
1027:
683:
357:
7715:. Chemistry Department, Yale University (New Haven, Connecticut).
7145:"Curiosity Rover Finds Ancient 'Building Blocks for Life' on Mars"
6355:"Methane feedbacks to the global climate system in a warmer world"
5269:"Methane Feedbacks to the Global Climate System in a Warmer World"
4816:"Advanced Space Storable Propellants for Outer Planet Exploration"
1514:, as a safety measure. Methane has a boiling point of −161.5
197:
12116:
11779:
11500:
11362:
11175:
11104:
11090:
10966:
10709:
10682:
10518:
10202:
10032:
9985:
9944:
9900:
9842:
9837:
9800:
9790:
9785:
9740:
9735:
9675:
9608:
9499:
9444:
9323:
9313:
9066:
8659:
8649:
8337:
8116:
8082:
8048:
7242:
ten Kate, Inge Loes (June 8, 2018). "Organic molecules on Mars".
5567:"Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2014"
3868:. The reaction producing methane from olivine can be written as:
3842:
3775:
3416:
3363:
3058:
2713:
2517:
2479:
2251:
At high temperatures (700–1100 °C) and in the presence of a
2080:
1942:
1930:
1889:
1809:
1649:
1634:
1497:
1389:, and among the simplest of organic compounds. Methane is also a
1374:, although capturing and storing it is difficult because it is a
1168:
1140:
687:
679:
675:
667:
588:
383:
6707:
6498:"Vast methane 'plumes' seen in Arctic ocean as sea ice retreats"
6249:
Forster, Piers; Smith, Chris; Rogelj, Joeri (November 2, 2021).
3217:
2883:) measured by the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (
2580:
Testing Australian sheep for exhaled methane production (2001),
1793:, have been studied theoretically and conjectured to be stable.
11744:
11736:
10974:
10890:
10885:
10880:
10526:
10253:
10074:
10056:
9519:
9489:
8991:
8654:
8566:
8521:
8167:
8150:
8133:
8099:
8065:
8031:
8007:
6734:
4222:. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Archived from
3685:
3404:
of which is believed to be almost pure methane in composition.
3389:
3340:
3050:
2823:
2533:
2429:
2383:
2277:
2260:
2147:
2110:) converted into liquid form for ease of storage or transport.
2074:
for each unit of heat released. At about 891 kJ/mol, methane's
1946:
1766:
1710:
1657:
1618:
1614:
1599:
1590:
1566:
1493:
1478:
1359:
1347:
1163:
1145:
1135:
805:
259:
25:
21:
6919:"'Mind-boggling' methane emissions from Turkmenistan revealed"
6016:"Sharp rise in methane levels threatens world climate targets"
4737:
Advance Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure
2704:
An example of large-scale coal-to-methane gasification is the
1836:
of methane is a multiple step reaction summarized as follows:
1307:
11478:
11354:
9288:
9218:
6768:
6554:"Frontiers 2018/19: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern"
6175:
First active leak of sea-bed methane discovered in Antarctica
6073:
5830:
3560:
3555:
3549:
3544:
3457:
3358:
Methane could be produced by a non-biological process called
3276:
and most of the larger moons. With the possible exception of
2581:
2252:
2135:
1610:
1582:
1367:
691:
407:
239:
187:
3489:
The name "methane" was coined in 1866 by the German chemist
1310:
1267:
459:
8609:
8446:
7116:
7083:
7076:
6053:
5539:
5266:
3637:
3257:
3071:
2811:
2614:
2174:
2139:
2044:
1966:
1824:
Methane bubbles can be burned on a wet hand without injury.
1454:
1439:
1438:
Methane has also been detected on other planets, including
1371:
1313:
1270:
1264:
578:
348:
7976:
4478:
2830:. Methane is produced at shallow levels (low pressure) by
2712:
as a way to develop abundant local resources of low-grade
1573:. In general, methane reactions are difficult to control.
16:
Hydrocarbon compound (CH₄) in natural gas; simplest alkane
6811:"Porter Ranch gas leak permanently capped, officials say"
6708:
Messina, Lawrence & Bluestein, Greg (April 8, 2010).
4874:"SpaceX propulsion chief elevates crowd in Santa Barbara"
4799:
corn-grain ethanol at about a 20% reduction over gasoline
4513:
2872:
2859:
2569:
The final step in the process is catalyzed by the enzyme
2028:
1681:
1375:
7713:"Development of systematic names for the simple alkanes"
7526:
6945:
6409:"The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates"
5595:
Livestock's Long Shadow–Environmental Issues and Options
4897:"SpaceX advances drive for Mars rocket via Raptor power"
3187:
tolerate a reduction from 21% to 16% without ill effects
2884:
2658:(AOM); the organisms responsible for this are anaerobic
2003:
This reaction is commonly used with chlorine to produce
7850:
Office of Air and Radiation, US EPA (October 7, 1999).
7355:
7304:
5901:"Study Finds Surprising Arctic Methane Emission Source"
5352:
5090:
4739:. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. pp. 533–534.
3301:) on Mars – potential sources and sinks
2642:
microorganisms within the first few centimeters of the
5938:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 659–740, 2013,
5481:"New source of methane discovered in the Arctic Ocean"
5401:
4629:
3445:, who characterized numerous properties including its
2540:
sediments below the seafloor and the bottom of lakes.
2087:, which is considered to have an energy content of 39
11299:
8848:
7422:"Elon Musk Shows Off Interplanetary Transport System"
7305:
Webster, Christopher R.; et al. (June 8, 2018).
7112:"Ancient Organics Discovered on Mars – video (03:17)"
5772:
5678:
5201:
4552:
4210:
4208:
4206:
1325:
1316:
1282:
1273:
1006:
10807:
6710:"Fed official: Still too soon for W.Va. mine rescue"
3093:
1526:
over a range of concentrations (5.4%–17%) in air at
4779:
2993:(156%) concentrations far exceed, and increases in
2955:, and between 600 and 700 nmol/mol during the warm
2263:), steam reacts with methane to yield a mixture of
1304:
1301:
1261:
1258:
615:−182.456 °C (−296.421 °F; 90.694 K)
7594:The European Edisons: Volta, Tesla, and Tigerstedt
6248:
5311:
4823:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
4725:. People.hofstra.edu. Retrieved on March 30, 2014.
4203:
3415:, in much the same way that Earth-based life uses
1888:Given appropriate conditions, methane reacts with
7446:
6941:
6939:
6837:"California methane leak 'largest in US history'"
6222:
5141:
4112:NOAA Office of Response and Restoration, US GOV.
3829:
3362:involving water, carbon dioxide, and the mineral
3062:methane was discovered relatively recently in an
215:
13114:
10350:
7103:
6305:, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 481–512,
5745:
5540:Global Environment Facility (December 7, 2019).
5084:
4948:. United States Department of Energy (May 2013).
4451:
3272:Methane has been detected on all planets of the
1404:of methane is under the seafloor in the form of
395:
7515:The Limits of Organic Life in Planetary Systems
7507:
7489:
6858:Davila Fragoso, Alejandro (February 26, 2016).
6058:Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis
3384:Methane has been detected in vast abundance on
2720:content, low calorific value and propensity to
1949:(I). This mechanism for this process is called
1800:of its C–H bonds, there is intense interest in
1043:
173:
7667:
7517:; The National Academies Press, 2007; page 74.
7349:
7298:
7235:
6936:
6857:
6614:
6546:
6402:
6400:
6300:
5739:
5650:"New Zealand Tries to Cap Gaseous Sheep Burps"
5512:
5262:
5260:
5258:
5256:
4963:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
4716:Energy Content of some Combustibles (in MJ/kg)
4303:Hensher, David A.; Button, Kenneth J. (2003).
4255:
4253:
3954:"General Principles, Rules, and Conventions".
2367:in the production of chloromethanes, although
1557:The primary chemical reactions of methane are
1427:from all of the long-lived and globally mixed
1419:The Earth's atmospheric methane concentration
625:−161.5 °C (−258.7 °F; 111.6 K)
10336:
8834:
8462:
7992:
7202:
7070:
6680:
6495:
6406:
6294:
5932:"Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing"
4342:P.G.J Irwin; et al. (January 12, 2022).
2378:, which, unlike steam reforming, produces no
1461:hydrogen and carbon in a molecule of methane.
7971:CDC – Handbook for Methane Control in Mining
7649:. London, Whittaker and Co. pp. 271–272
7169:
7136:
6992:
6966:
6834:
6803:
6334:Sustaining the Earth: An Integrated Approach
5766:
5194:
4773:
4259:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4168:
3530:
3529:, which is a back-formation from the French
3524:
3518:
3392:, it comprises a significant portion of its
3335:may be used with a mixed catalyst bed and a
3138:methane gas leak in Aliso Canyon, California
3125:has also been a major focus in the field of
3109:Methane is extremely flammable and may form
2852:Methane is generally transported in bulk by
2210:as well as in-development launchers such as
1883:
12212:
11976:
11899:
10871:
10411:
7752:
6489:
6397:
6326:
6138:
5647:
5623:"Tackling Climate Change Through Livestock"
5614:
5346:
5253:
5135:
4888:
4876:. Pacific Business Times. February 19, 2014
4866:
4809:
4807:
4416:
4410:
4341:
4250:
4146:Annual Review of Energy and the Environment
3949:
3947:
3339:in a single reactor to produce methane and
3196:
2786:, mixed and heated above 300 °C (with
1408:. When methane reaches the surface and the
1093:−188 °C (−306.4 °F; 85.1 K)
11795:
10343:
10329:
8841:
8827:
8469:
8455:
7999:
7985:
7753:Jayasundara, Susantha (December 3, 2014).
7746:
7674:Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
7419:
6916:
6883:
6520:
6067:
5641:
5213:
4136:
4081:"Safety Datasheet, Material Name: Methane"
3449:and origin from decaying organic matter.
2363:Methane is also subjected to free-radical
474:
309:
287:
31:"CH4" redirects here. For other uses, see
11818:
11682:
11544:
10451:
7843:
7564:
7562:
7497:"Cassini Explores a Methane Sea on Titan"
7472:
7396:
7386:
7332:
7273:
7061:
6442:
6432:
6388:
6378:
6346:
6336:. U.S.: Thomson Advantage Books, p. 160.
6196:
6046:
5998:
5893:
5722:
5704:
5427:
5378:
5302:
5292:
5118:
5108:
4895:Belluscio, Alejandro G. (March 7, 2014).
4894:
4385:
4359:
4309:. Emerald Group Publishing. p. 168.
4306:Handbook of transport and the environment
4165:
3824:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
3573:is from the coordinating chemical suffix
3155:to be the worst in the world for methane
2810:, a method for extracting methane from a
1449:
1433:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
431:
11276:
11239:
10772:
10737:
7949:
7813:
7440:
7420:Richardson, Derek (September 27, 2016).
7241:
6463:
5585:
5542:"We can grow more climate-friendly rice"
5043:International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
4989:International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
4804:
4594:
4348:Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
3944:
3804:, a functional group related to methane.
3437:The discovery of methane is credited to
3426:
3373:
3319:Methane has been proposed as a possible
3312:has documented seasonal fluctuations of
3286:
3264:), providing fuel for a return journey.
3097:
2924:
2871:
2806:extraction becoming a major source (see
2673:
2586:
2575:
2465:
2443:
1819:
1453:
12153:
11772:
11166:
10702:
7940:Gas (Methane) Hydrates – A New Frontier
7935:International Chemical Safety Card 0291
7777:
7642:
5036:
4982:
4951:
3554:(wine) (related to English "mead") and
3366:, which is known to be common on Mars.
3254:methane production from local materials
3004:In February 2020, it was reported that
2757:
470:
373:
13115:
12189:
12115:
11735:
11132:
11103:
10965:
10517:
7559:
7520:
7208:
6980:from the original on November 16, 2019
6689:from the original on November 11, 2012
6508:from the original on December 25, 2011
6144:
5972:
5450:
4780:Cornell, Clayton B. (April 29, 2008).
4460:from the original on February 12, 2020
4142:
4006:from the original on December 26, 2018
3478:of 1812 in which 92 men perished, Sir
3207:
3163:of methane in 2022 alone, pumping the
2860:Atmospheric methane and climate change
2602:Greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands
2165:combination offers the advantage over
1667:
1576:
1107:537 °C (999 °F; 810 K)
300:
11491:
11353:
10667:
10324:
8822:
8450:
7980:
7894:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
7868:from the original on October 26, 2020
7591:Sethi, Anand Kumar (August 9, 2016).
7590:
7175:
6998:
6451:from the original on February 7, 2020
6145:Harvey, Chelsea (February 21, 2020).
6013:
5754:from the original on November 4, 2012
5508:
5506:
5475:
5473:
5219:
4961:(2006) "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons" in
4734:
4623:
4027:
4025:
4023:
4021:
2778:. It can also be made from anhydrous
2629:
2225:
1808:in methane (and other lower numbered
1552:
502:Key: VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
267:
247:
13163:Organic compounds with 1 carbon atom
7801:from the original on October 1, 2021
7765:from the original on October 1, 2021
7428:from the original on October 1, 2016
7142:
7109:
6898:from the original on January 4, 2016
6602:from the original on October 6, 2019
6534:from the original on October 4, 2012
6352:
6052:
5182:from the original on October 1, 2021
4850:from the original on October 1, 2021
4245:IPCC, 2023: Summary for Policymakers
4124:from the original on January 9, 2019
3809:
3577:which is from Latin feminine suffix
3509:is coined from the chemical suffix "
3211:
2822:fuels, and sometimes accompanied by
2669:
2497:
2455:
2113:
1694:is estimated to be 56. It cannot be
1637:, and iron zeolites stabilizing the
1613:even with an insufficient supply of
1370:makes it an economically attractive
7831:from the original on April 11, 2015
7527:McKay, C. P.; Smith, H. D. (2005).
6999:Chang, Kenneth (November 2, 2012).
6771:"Jet Fires: a "Minor" Fire Hazard?"
6496:Connor, Steve (December 13, 2011).
6477:from the original on August 1, 2018
6274:
6173:Carrington, Damian (July 21, 2020)
5911:from the original on August 4, 2014
5824:
5591:
5573:from the original on April 12, 2019
5491:from the original on April 10, 2019
4323:from the original on March 19, 2015
4191:(Report). Nairobi. 2022. p. 12
3523:(1840) or directly from the French
3517:, which is derived from the German
3280:, it is believed to have come from
3115:Upper Big Branch coal mine disaster
3026:Over 100 countries have signed the
2929:Sources of global methane emissions
2732:, or feedstock to other processes.
386:
356:
13:
10213:Nexus for Exoplanet System Science
7731:
6960:10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000201
6917:Carrington, Damian (May 9, 2023).
6835:Matt McGrath (February 26, 2016).
6716:from the original on April 8, 2010
6225:"Homepage | Global Methane Pledge"
6034:from the original on July 30, 2019
5748:"Do cows pollute as much as cars?"
5746:Silverman, Jacob (July 16, 2007).
5602:from the original on July 26, 2008
5503:
5470:
5168:10.1111/j.1747-5457.2005.tb00088.x
4018:
3718:, halogenated methane derivatives.
3621:) or millions of metric tons (MMT
2816:enhanced coal bed methane recovery
2742:to produce hydrogen from water by
2019:can be made with excess chlorine.
1039:
70:
60:
14:
13174:
10113:Atomic and molecular astrophysics
8850:Molecules detected in outer space
7916:
7581:, Milan, Italy: Giuseppe Marelli.
7190:from the original on June 8, 2018
7157:from the original on June 7, 2018
7124:from the original on June 7, 2018
7091:from the original on June 7, 2018
7013:from the original on June 8, 2019
6778:Chemical Engineering Transactions
6014:McKie, Robin (February 2, 2017).
5973:Nisbet, E.G. (February 5, 2019).
5451:Tandon, Ayesha (March 20, 2023).
4761:from the original on July 9, 2019
3094:Public safety and the environment
2536:), the guts of termites, and the
1380:standard temperature and pressure
10303:
10291:
10279:
10268:
10267:
9074:
9065:
9056:
8688:
7891:Haynes, William M., ed. (2016).
7884:
7725:
7705:
7692:from the original on May 3, 2017
7661:
7636:
7611:
7584:
7413:
6948:Journal of Aerospace Engineering
6197:Ravilious, Kate (July 5, 2022).
5091:Kietäväinen and Purkamo (2015).
3588:
3379:Titan lakes (September 11, 2017)
3216:
3068:Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum
2103:(LNG) is predominantly methane (
1648:catalyze methane oxidation with
1533:Solid methane exists in several
1297:
1254:
1209:
976:
547:
47:
10238:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
7944:United States Geological Survey
7176:Chang, Kenneth (June 7, 2018).
7025:
7001:"Hope of Methane on Mars Fades"
6910:
6877:
6851:
6828:
6762:
6728:
6701:
6674:
6576:
6268:
6242:
6216:
6190:
6167:
6007:
5966:
5923:
5868:
5843:
5798:
5672:
5533:
5444:
5395:
5030:
4976:
4932:
4914:
4836:
4743:
4728:
4709:
4658:
4588:
4546:
4507:
4472:
4445:
4335:
4296:
4238:
4159:10.1146/annurev.energy.24.1.645
3816:
3144:'s leak in the Gulf of Mexico.
2949:Historic methane concentrations
2910:(GWP) of 29.8 ± 11 compared to
2246:industrial synthesis of ammonia
1660:, giving rise to the so-called
1205:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
65:Ball and stick model of methane
7711:McBride, James Michael (1999)
7501:Jet Propulsion Laboratory News
7359:; et al. (June 8, 2018).
6884:Tim Walker (January 2, 2016).
5359:Indian Journal of Microbiology
5063:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.03.124
5009:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.11.057
4105:
4073:
4061:
4049:
4037:
3992:
3960:The Royal Society of Chemistry
3742:List of straight-chain alkanes
3123:Natural gas accidental release
3121:on April 5, 2010, killing 29.
2656:anaerobic oxidation of methane
2419:
1662:anaerobic oxidation of methane
1469:molecule with four equivalent
1366:. The abundance of methane on
1362:, and the main constituent of
596:0.657 kg/m (gas, 25 °C, 1 atm)
544:
1:
10163:Extraterrestrial liquid water
8515:Underground coal gasification
7964:10.1016/S0920-5861(00)00456-9
6277:"Global Methane Tracker 2022"
5783:10.1007/978-3-319-60063-5_7-1
5355:"Rumen methanogens: a review"
5340:10.1016/s1002-0160(14)60016-3
5230:10.1007/978-3-319-54529-5_6-1
4971:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2
4597:Accounts of Chemical Research
3486:was in fact largely methane.
3333:Sabatier methanation reaction
3037:
2793:
2638:because oxygen is removed by
2439:
2371:is a more typical precursor.
2058:by burning it as a fuel in a
1815:
1442:, which has implications for
1120:
599:0.717 kg/m (gas, 0 °C, 1 atm)
10352:Binary compounds of hydrogen
8476:
7928:The Periodic Table of Videos
7553:10.1016/j.icarus.2005.05.018
7453:Geophysical Research Letters
7447:Oze, C.; Sharma, M. (2005).
5979:Global Biogeochemical Cycles
5944:10.1017/cbo9781107415324.018
5851:"Global Methane Budget 2020"
5706:10.1371/journal.pone.0247820
5648:Roach, John (May 13, 2002).
5148:Journal of Petroleum Geology
4825:(4–0799): 28. Archived from
4652:10.1016/j.cplett.2011.10.020
3937:
3561:
3550:
3500:
3493:. The name was derived from
3482:established that the feared
3329:in situ resource utilization
3151:published a report, blaming
3055:gas clathrate stability zone
2979:, "Since 1750, increases in
2620:
2050:As the major constituent of
1769:with higher charge, such as
1507:, usually blends containing
7:
13143:Gaseous signaling molecules
9394:Protonated hydrogen cyanide
8006:
7890:
7739:Online Etymology Dictionary
7702:; see footnote on pp. 57–58
7143:Wall, Mike (June 7, 2018).
7034:Planetary and Space Science
6229:www.globalmethanepledge.org
5855:www.globalcarbonproject.org
4564:10.1007/978-3-319-12415-5_7
4532:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00344
4067:
4055:
4043:
4031:
3968:10.1039/9781849733069-00001
3651:2007 Zasyadko mine disaster
3643:
3203:Extraterrestrial atmosphere
3032:International Energy Agency
2887:) in the lower atmosphere (
2808:coal bed methane extraction
2762:Methane can be produced by
2693:carbon dioxide through the
2634:Most of the subseafloor is
2595:
2571:methyl coenzyme M reductase
2508:Most of Earth's methane is
2276:, known as "water gas" or "
2189:of the rocket. Compared to
2054:, methane is important for
602:422.8 g/L (liquid, −162 °C)
122:Carbane (never recommended)
56:
10:
13179:
7946:(archived 6 February 2004)
7931:(University of Nottingham)
6590:. Reuters. June 18, 2019.
5142:Cramer and Franke (2005).
4944:February 14, 2020, at the
3661:Aerobic methane production
3656:Abiogenic petroleum origin
3583:August Wilhelm von Hofmann
3556:
3545:
3491:August Wilhelm von Hofmann
3422:
3200:
2865:
2738:is a technology that uses
2708:plant, started in 1984 in
2599:
2501:
2459:
2386:then the process can be a
2301:This reaction is strongly
2091:per cubic meter, or 1,000
1878:Peters four-step chemistry
1757:. Some of these have been
1702:is known in forms such as
1676:, methane is an extremely
75:Spacefill model of methane
18:
13092:
12933:
12704:
12361:Transition metal hydrides
12359:
12309:
11886:
11342:
10923:
10862:
10506:
10398:
10358:
10262:
10153:Earliest known life forms
10148:Diffuse interstellar band
10088:
10008:
9933:
9824:
9759:
9699:
9627:
9619:Protonated cyanoacetylene
9533:
9427:
9389:Protonated carbon dioxide
9349:Hydromagnesium isocyanide
9297:
9083:
9054:
8865:
8856:
8753:
8697:
8686:
8668:
8640:
8585:
8491:
8484:
8426:
8014:
7577:November 6, 2018, at the
7568:Volta, Alessandro (1777)
7054:10.1016/j.pss.2006.02.005
6683:"Common Mining Accidents"
6332:Miller, G. Tyler (2007).
6101:10.1038/s41586-020-1991-8
5429:10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.021
5371:10.1007/s12088-010-0061-6
4844:"Blue Origin BE-4 Engine"
4439:10.1103/physrevb.55.14800
4182:Global Methane Assessment
3872:, or (in balanced form):
3857:whose general formula is
3706:Global Methane Initiative
3691:Coal Oil Point seep field
3505:Etymologically, the word
3064:ultraslow spreading ridge
2750:to combine hydrogen with
2664:sulfate-reducing bacteria
1951:free radical halogenation
1884:Methane radical reactions
1873:, at standard conditions)
1199:
1192:
1187:
1121:
957:
952:
828:
773:
531:
511:
486:
157:
128:
116:
104:
99:
55:
46:
10198:Iron–sulfur world theory
10193:Photodissociation region
9896:Methyl-cyano-diacetylene
6407:Ruppel; Kessler (2017).
6311:10.1007/3-540-32144-6_14
5110:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00725
4721:January 9, 2014, at the
4632:Chemical Physics Letters
3676:Arctic methane emissions
3369:
3197:Extraterrestrial methane
3088:clathrate gun hypothesis
2908:global warming potential
2899:Methane is an important
2776:methylmagnesium chloride
2609:wetland methane feedback
2345:This reaction is mildly
2322:water-gas shift reaction
2070:, methane produces less
1431:, according to the 2021
1188:Supplementary data page
1015:Precautionary statements
20:Not to be confused with
10273:Category:Astrochemistry
9863:, fullerene, buckyball)
9550:Cyanobutadiynyl radical
9525:Silicon-carbide cluster
9515:Protonated formaldehyde
7719:March 16, 2012, at the
7668:Hofmann, A. W. (1866).
7424:. Spaceflight Insider.
7388:10.1126/science.aas9185
7357:Eigenbrode, Jennifer L.
7334:10.1126/science.aaq0131
7266:10.1126/science.aat2662
7221:10.1126/science.aau3992
7046:2007P&SS...55..358A
6644:10.1126/science.1210026
6223:Global Methane Pledge.
5037:Lumbers, Brock (2022).
4983:Lumbers, Brock (2022).
4965:, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
4687:10.1126/science.1177485
3987:C and HC, respectively.
3798:that grow with methane.
3543:in 1834 from the Greek
3337:reverse water-gas shift
3331:. An adaptation of the
3267:
3086:; this is known as the
3021:climate change feedback
2699:Fischer–Tropsch process
2520:. Methanogens occur in
2235:Steam methane reforming
2038:
2022:
1953:. It is initiated when
1759:detected in outer space
759:Magnetic susceptibility
13094:Exotic matter hydrides
10286:Outer space portal
10128:Circumstellar envelope
9093:Aluminium(I) hydroxide
9003:Phosphorus mononitride
8880:Aluminium monofluoride
8875:Aluminium monochloride
8730:Natural-gas processing
7643:Holland, John (1841).
6180:July 22, 2020, at the
4757:. September 23, 2015.
4452:Wendelin Himmelheber.
3701:Fugitive gas emissions
3531:
3525:
3519:
3434:
3388:, the largest moon of
3381:
3302:
3227:is missing information
3103:
3076:Arctic methane release
2930:
2896:
2722:spontaneous combustion
2686:
2592:
2584:
2471:
2449:
2179:hydrogen embrittlement
2161:propellant, a methane/
2056:electricity generation
1825:
1745:or protonated methane
1462:
1450:Properties and bonding
1050:
76:
66:
10183:Interplanetary medium
10158:Extraterrestrial life
9796:Octatetraynyl radical
9414:Tricarbon monosulfide
8961:Magnesium monohydride
8492:Manufactured fuel gas
7794:. November 26, 2019.
7623:founders.archives.gov
7110:NASA (June 7, 2018).
6976:. NASA. May 4, 2007.
6413:Reviews of Geophysics
6359:Reviews of Geophysics
6163:on February 24, 2020.
5750:. HowStuffWorks.com.
5273:Reviews of Geophysics
5207:May 13, 2011, at the
4735:March, Jerry (1968).
4262:Reviews of Geophysics
3788:that produce methane.
3778:that produce methane.
3671:Anaerobic respiration
3476:Felling mine disaster
3430:
3400:of hydrocarbons; the
3377:
3290:
3101:
3028:Global Methane Pledge
2928:
2875:
2706:Great Plains Synfuels
2677:
2590:
2579:
2469:
2447:
2130:, when combined with
2101:Liquefied natural gas
2043:Methane is used as a
1965:) produces a halogen
1823:
1698:in solution, but the
1622:methane monooxygenase
1518:at a pressure of one
1457:
1049:
118:Systematic IUPAC name
74:
64:
10310:Chemistry portal
10298:Astronomy portal
10244:RNA world hypothesis
10228:PAH world hypothesis
9921:Heptatrienyl radical
9853:Buckminsterfullerene
9741:Methylcyanoacetylene
9249:Silicon carbonitride
9224:Methylidynephosphane
9190:Magnesium isocyanide
9098:Aluminium isocyanide
8900:Carbon monophosphide
7825:acronymsandslang.com
7474:10.1029/2005GL022691
6434:10.1002/2016RG000534
6380:10.1002/2017RG000559
6353:Dean, J. F. (2018).
6000:10.1029/2018GB006009
5294:10.1002/2017RG000559
4755:Energy Manager Today
4454:"Crystal structures"
4378:10.1029/2022JE007189
4354:(6): e2022JE007189.
3014:fossil fuel industry
2758:Laboratory synthesis
2754:to produce methane.
2710:Beulah, North Dakota
2066:. Compared to other
2017:Carbon tetrachloride
1475:electronic structure
1350:atom bonded to four
1032:(fire diamond)
137:Carburetted hydrogen
106:Preferred IUPAC name
33:CH4 (disambiguation)
13128:Anaerobic digestion
12706:Lanthanide hydrides
12313:(Group 17 hydrides)
11892:(Group 16 hydrides)
11346:(Group 15) hydrides
10188:Interstellar medium
10168:Forbidden mechanism
9981:Hydrogen isocyanide
9671:Hexatriynyl radical
9254:c-Silicon dicarbide
9159:Hydrogen isocyanide
9023:Silicon monosulfide
8998:Phosphorus monoxide
8966:Methylidyne radical
8925:Fluoromethylidynium
8885:Aluminium(II) oxide
8735:Natural gas storage
8270:Hexadecane / Cetane
7859:ourenergypolicy.org
7545:2005Icar..178..274M
7465:2005GeoRL..3210203O
7379:2018Sci...360.1096E
7373:(6393): 1096–1101.
7325:2018Sci...360.1093W
7319:(6393): 1093–1096.
7258:2018Sci...360.1068T
7252:(6393): 1068–1069.
6681:Dozolme, Philippe.
6636:2012Sci...335..183S
6425:2017RvGeo..55..126R
6371:2018RvGeo..56..207D
6303:Marine Geochemistry
6156:Scientific American
6093:2020Natur.578..409H
5991:2019GBioC..33..318N
5697:2021PLoSO..1647820R
5654:National Geographic
5515:Energy Environ. Sci
5420:2018CBio...28.R727L
5332:2014Pedos..24..291S
5285:2018RvGeo..56..207D
5160:2005JPetG..28..369C
5055:2022IJHE...4716347L
5049:(37): 16347–16361.
5001:2022IJHE...47.4265L
4901:NASAspaceflight.com
4788:on January 20, 2019
4679:2009Sci...326..553B
4644:2011CPL...517....1R
4609:10.1021/ar00156a004
4431:1997PhRvB..5514800B
4425:(22): 14800–14809.
4370:2022JGRE..12707189I
4274:2013RvGeo..51..276E
3681:Atmospheric methane
3666:Anaerobic digestion
3537:Jean-Baptiste Dumas
3314:atmospheric methane
3208:Interstellar medium
3181:Methane is also an
3047:continental margins
2868:Atmospheric methane
2662:Archaea (ANME) and
2512:and is produced by
2320:with water via the
2097:standard cubic foot
1806:C–H bond activation
1668:Acid–base reactions
1577:Selective oxidation
1414:atmospheric methane
1194:Methane (data page)
651:Solubility in water
631:Critical point
565: g·mol
229:Beilstein Reference
134:Carbon tetrahydride
43:
10362:(Group 1) hydrides
10208:Molecules in stars
10178:Intergalactic dust
10123:Circumstellar dust
10065:Naphthalene cation
10000:Trihydrogen cation
9976:Hydrogen deuteride
9901:Methyltriacetylene
9736:Hexapentaenylidene
9555:E-Cyanomethanimine
9475:Cyclopropenylidene
9409:Tricarbon monoxide
9399:Silicon tricarbide
9369:Methylene amidogen
9359:Isothiocyanic acid
9274:Thioxoethenylidene
9234:Trihydrogen cation
9048:Titanium(II) oxide
9008:Potassium chloride
8987:Sulfur mononitride
8930:Helium hydride ion
8905:Carbon monosulfide
8745:Pipeline transport
8705:Compressor station
7183:The New York Times
7006:The New York Times
6790:10.3303/CET1226003
6712:. News.yahoo.com.
5907:. April 22, 2012.
5527:10.1039/c0ee00203h
5202:http://www.els.net
4832:on March 10, 2016.
4226:on August 22, 2021
4000:"Gas Encyclopedia"
3447:flammability limit
3435:
3382:
3353:Martian atmosphere
3303:
3127:safety engineering
3104:
3043:Methane clathrates
3006:fugitive emissions
2931:
2897:
2800:natural gas fields
2687:
2630:Seafloor sediments
2593:
2585:
2472:
2450:
2428:, methane has the
2360:−41 kJ/mol).
2226:Chemical feedstock
2122:as well as LNG is
2076:heat of combustion
1996:, and ultimately,
1830:heat of combustion
1826:
1656:in the absence of
1553:Chemical reactions
1522:. As a gas, it is
1463:
1406:methane clathrates
1232:Infobox references
1122:Related compounds
1051:
77:
67:
41:
13158:Organic compounds
13110:
13109:
12935:Actinide hydrides
12311:Hydrogen halides
12273:
12238:
12237:
12208:
12207:
12185:
12184:
12149:
12148:
12111:
12110:
11972:
11971:
11878:
11844:
11843:
11814:
11813:
11791:
11790:
11768:
11767:
11731:
11730:
11678:
11677:
11540:
11539:
11487:
11486:
11338:
11337:
11295:
11294:
11272:
11271:
11235:
11234:
11162:
11161:
11128:
11127:
11099:
11098:
10961:
10960:
10919:
10918:
10864:Group 14 hydrides
10858:
10857:
10803:
10802:
10768:
10767:
10733:
10732:
10698:
10697:
10663:
10662:
10502:
10501:
10447:
10446:
10318:
10317:
10233:Pseudo-panspermia
9929:
9928:
9876:Cyanodecapentayne
9816:N-Methylformamide
9791:Methyldiacetylene
9716:Aminoacetonitrile
9686:Methyl isocyanate
9604:Methyl isocyanide
9485:Isocyanoacetylene
9465:Cyanoformaldehyde
9344:Hydrogen peroxide
9229:Potassium cyanide
9185:Magnesium cyanide
9138:Disilicon carbide
9133:Dicarbon monoxide
8940:Hydrogen fluoride
8935:Hydrogen chloride
8816:
8815:
8684:
8683:
8527:Blast furnace gas
8510:Coal gasification
8444:
8443:
7897:(97th ed.).
7732:Harper, Douglas.
7604:978-1-137-49222-7
7503:. April 26, 2016.
6815:Los Angeles Times
6630:(6065): 183–189.
6087:(7795): 409–412.
5546:Climate Home News
5414:(13): R727–R732.
4673:(5952): 553–556.
4573:978-3-319-12414-8
4493:10.1021/cr950244f
4419:Physical Review B
4316:978-0-08-044103-0
4282:10.1002/rog.20011
3977:978-0-85404-182-4
3810:Explanatory notes
3756:Methane on Mars:
3752:Methane emissions
3593:The abbreviation
3469:Benjamin Franklin
3321:rocket propellant
3250:
3249:
3174:emissions of the
3142:Deepwater Horizon
2965:radiative forcing
2893:parts-per-billion
2748:Sabatier reaction
2684:Sabatier reaction
2670:Industrial routes
2498:Biological routes
2456:Geological routes
2114:Rocket propellant
2068:hydrocarbon fuels
1959:radical initiator
1729:, methane cation
1717:or methyl cation
1631:Catalytica system
1528:standard pressure
1459:Covalently bonded
1425:radiative forcing
1412:, it is known as
1334:chemical compound
1240:Chemical compound
1238:
1237:
1156:Related compounds
1001:Hazard statements
906:Gibbs free energy
690:and insoluble in
499:InChI=1S/CH4/h1H4
455:CompTox Dashboard
199:Interactive image
95:
94:
89: Hydrogen, H
13170:
13153:Industrial gases
13148:Greenhouse gases
12271:
12210:
12209:
12187:
12186:
12151:
12150:
12113:
12112:
11974:
11973:
11897:
11896:
11876:
11816:
11815:
11793:
11792:
11770:
11769:
11733:
11732:
11680:
11679:
11542:
11541:
11489:
11488:
11351:
11350:
11297:
11296:
11274:
11273:
11237:
11236:
11164:
11163:
11130:
11129:
11101:
11100:
10963:
10962:
10921:
10920:
10869:
10868:
10805:
10804:
10770:
10769:
10735:
10734:
10700:
10699:
10665:
10664:
10515:
10514:
10449:
10448:
10409:
10408:
10345:
10338:
10331:
10322:
10321:
10308:
10307:
10306:
10296:
10295:
10294:
10284:
10283:
10282:
10271:
10270:
10218:Organic compound
10118:Chemical formula
10023:Dihydroxyacetone
9971:Hydrogen cyanide
9656:Cyanodiacetylene
9510:Propadienylidene
9404:Thioformaldehyde
9279:Titanium dioxide
9244:Sodium hydroxide
9165:Hydrogen sulfide
9153:Hydrogen cyanide
9113:Carbonyl sulfide
9078:
9069:
9060:
9018:Silicon monoxide
8951:Hydroxyl radical
8863:
8862:
8843:
8836:
8829:
8820:
8819:
8692:
8489:
8488:
8471:
8464:
8457:
8448:
8447:
8418:
8401:
8384:
8367:
8350:
8333:
8316:
8299:
8282:
8265:
8248:
8231:
8214:
8197:
8180:
8163:
8146:
8129:
8112:
8095:
8078:
8061:
8044:
8027:
8001:
7994:
7987:
7978:
7977:
7967:
7958:(2–4): 165–174.
7912:
7878:
7877:
7875:
7873:
7867:
7856:
7847:
7841:
7840:
7838:
7836:
7817:
7811:
7810:
7808:
7806:
7800:
7789:
7781:
7775:
7774:
7772:
7770:
7750:
7744:
7743:
7729:
7723:
7709:
7703:
7701:
7699:
7697:
7665:
7659:
7658:
7656:
7654:
7640:
7634:
7633:
7631:
7629:
7615:
7609:
7608:
7588:
7582:
7566:
7557:
7556:
7524:
7518:
7511:
7505:
7504:
7493:
7487:
7486:
7476:
7444:
7438:
7437:
7435:
7433:
7417:
7411:
7410:
7400:
7390:
7353:
7347:
7346:
7336:
7302:
7296:
7295:
7277:
7239:
7233:
7232:
7206:
7200:
7199:
7197:
7195:
7173:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7162:
7140:
7134:
7133:
7131:
7129:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7096:
7074:
7068:
7067:
7065:
7029:
7023:
7022:
7020:
7018:
6996:
6990:
6989:
6987:
6985:
6970:
6964:
6963:
6943:
6934:
6933:
6931:
6929:
6914:
6908:
6907:
6905:
6903:
6889:
6881:
6875:
6874:
6872:
6870:
6855:
6849:
6848:
6846:
6844:
6832:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6821:
6807:
6801:
6800:
6798:
6796:
6775:
6766:
6760:
6759:
6757:
6755:
6744:Symposium Series
6741:
6732:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6705:
6699:
6698:
6696:
6694:
6678:
6672:
6671:
6618:
6612:
6611:
6609:
6607:
6580:
6574:
6573:
6571:
6569:
6564:on March 6, 2019
6560:. Archived from
6550:
6544:
6543:
6541:
6539:
6524:
6518:
6517:
6515:
6513:
6493:
6487:
6486:
6484:
6482:
6467:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6456:
6446:
6436:
6404:
6395:
6394:
6392:
6382:
6350:
6344:
6330:
6324:
6323:
6298:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6287:
6272:
6266:
6265:
6263:
6261:
6246:
6240:
6239:
6237:
6235:
6220:
6214:
6213:
6211:
6209:
6194:
6188:
6171:
6165:
6164:
6159:. Archived from
6142:
6136:
6135:
6133:
6131:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6050:
6044:
6043:
6041:
6039:
6011:
6005:
6004:
6002:
5970:
5964:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5927:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5916:
5897:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5886:
5872:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5847:
5841:
5840:
5828:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5802:
5796:
5795:
5770:
5764:
5763:
5761:
5759:
5743:
5737:
5736:
5726:
5708:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5665:
5656:. Archived from
5645:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5634:
5629:on July 19, 2016
5618:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5607:
5589:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5578:
5563:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5552:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5521:(4): 1206–1215.
5510:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5496:
5477:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5463:
5448:
5442:
5441:
5431:
5404:"Methanogenesis"
5399:
5393:
5392:
5382:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5315:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5296:
5264:
5251:
5250:
5217:
5211:
5198:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5122:
5112:
5097:Front. Microbiol
5088:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5034:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5023:
4995:(7): 4265–4283.
4980:
4974:
4955:
4949:
4936:
4930:
4929:
4928:. July 12, 2023.
4918:
4912:
4911:
4909:
4907:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4870:
4864:
4863:
4857:
4855:
4840:
4834:
4833:
4831:
4820:
4811:
4802:
4801:
4795:
4793:
4784:. Archived from
4777:
4771:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4732:
4726:
4713:
4707:
4706:
4662:
4656:
4655:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4526:(5): 2718–2768.
4520:Chemical Reviews
4511:
4505:
4504:
4481:Chemical Reviews
4476:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4449:
4443:
4442:
4414:
4408:
4407:
4389:
4363:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4257:
4248:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4231:
4212:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4186:
4178:
4163:
4162:
4140:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4109:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4098:
4092:
4085:
4077:
4071:
4070:, pp. 5.26, 5.67
4065:
4059:
4053:
4047:
4041:
4035:
4029:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3962:. 2014. P-12.1.
3951:
3931:
3928:
3867:
3838:serpentinization
3833:
3827:
3820:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3564:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3547:
3534:
3528:
3522:
3443:Alessandro Volta
3432:Alessandro Volta
3360:serpentinization
3300:
3245:
3242:
3236:
3220:
3212:
3000:
2992:
2985:
2916:
2882:
2788:sodium carbonate
2784:sodium hydroxide
2772:Grignard reagent
2740:electrical power
2736:Power to methane
2695:Sabatier process
2565:
2492:serpentinization
2410:
2404:
2399:(g) → C(s) + 2 H
2380:greenhouse gases
2359:
2349:(produces heat,
2341:
2315:
2305:(consumes heat,
2297:
2274:
2187:specific impulse
2183:molecular weight
2109:
1998:tetrahalomethane
1987:
1925:
1908:
1858:
1804:that facilitate
1792:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1751:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1544:
1429:greenhouse gases
1382:. Methane is an
1356:group-14 hydride
1354:atoms). It is a
1345:
1338:chemical formula
1328:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1296:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1253:
1222:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1113:Explosive limits
1078:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1042:
1022:
1008:
980:
944:
917:
895:
872:186.3 J/(K·mol)
868:
844:
829:Thermochemistry
823:
768:
728:14 nmol/(Pa·kg)
564:
549:
546:
539:Chemical formula
479:
478:
463:
461:
435:
399:
388:
377:
360:
338:Gmelin Reference
321:
313:
302:
291:
271:
251:
219:
201:
177:
140:Hydrogen carbide
88:
82:
57:
51:
44:
40:
36:
29:
13178:
13177:
13173:
13172:
13171:
13169:
13168:
13167:
13113:
13112:
13111:
13106:
13088:
13084:
13076:
13068:
13060:
13052:
13044:
13036:
13028:
13020:
13012:
13004:
12996:
12988:
12980:
12973:
12969:
12962:
12954:
12946:
12929:
12925:
12917:
12909:
12901:
12893:
12885:
12877:
12869:
12861:
12853:
12845:
12837:
12829:
12821:
12813:
12805:
12797:
12789:
12781:
12773:
12765:
12757:
12749:
12741:
12733:
12725:
12717:
12700:
12690:
12681:
12673:
12669:
12656:
12648:
12617:
12603:
12588:
12573:
12565:
12557:
12549:
12541:
12528:
12520:
12507:
12494:
12481:
12468:
12460:
12452:
12444:
12436:
12428:
12420:
12412:
12404:
12396:
12388:
12380:
12372:
12355:
12312:
12305:
12300:
12291:
12268:
12259:
12251:
12234:
12224:
12204:
12200:
12181:
12177:
12173:
12164:
12145:
12141:
12137:
12128:
12107:
12098:
12094:
12086:
12082:
12074:
12070:
12062:
12058:
12050:
12046:
12038:
12034:
12026:
12022:
12014:
12010:
12002:
11998:
11989:
11968:
11960:
11956:
11948:
11944:
11936:
11932:
11924:
11920:
11911:
11891:
11889:
11882:
11874:
11865:
11852:
11840:
11830:
11810:
11806:
11787:
11783:
11764:
11760:
11756:
11748:
11727:
11723:
11719:
11711:
11707:
11699:
11695:
11674:
11665:
11661:
11653:
11649:
11641:
11637:
11629:
11625:
11617:
11613:
11605:
11601:
11593:
11589:
11581:
11577:
11569:
11565:
11557:
11536:
11532:
11528:
11520:
11516:
11508:
11504:
11483:
11474:
11470:
11462:
11458:
11450:
11446:
11438:
11434:
11426:
11422:
11414:
11410:
11402:
11398:
11390:
11386:
11378:
11374:
11366:
11345:
11334:
11330:
11322:
11291:
11287:
11268:
11264:
11260:
11252:
11231:
11227:
11223:
11215:
11211:
11203:
11199:
11191:
11187:
11179:
11158:
11149:
11145:
11124:
11120:
11116:
11095:
11086:
11082:
11074:
11070:
11062:
11058:
11050:
11046:
11038:
11034:
11026:
11022:
11014:
11010:
11002:
10998:
10990:
10986:
10978:
10957:
10952:
10944:
10936:
10915:
10854:
10850:
10842:
10838:
10830:
10799:
10795:
10791:
10783:
10764:
10760:
10756:
10748:
10729:
10725:
10721:
10713:
10694:
10690:
10686:
10678:
10659:
10655:
10651:
10643:
10639:
10631:
10627:
10619:
10615:
10607:
10603:
10595:
10591:
10583:
10579:
10571:
10567:
10559:
10555:
10547:
10543:
10530:
10509:
10498:
10494:
10486:
10478:
10470:
10462:
10443:
10403:
10401:
10394:
10361:
10354:
10349:
10319:
10314:
10304:
10302:
10292:
10290:
10280:
10278:
10258:
10084:
10060:
10051:
10004:
9994:
9937:
9925:
9906:Propionaldehyde
9881:Ethylene glycol
9870:
9862:
9858:
9829:
9827:
9820:
9776:Cyanohexatriyne
9762:
9755:
9702:
9695:
9630:
9623:
9583:
9536:
9529:
9500:Methoxy radical
9430:
9423:
9419:Thiocyanic acid
9300:
9293:
9203:
9143:Ethynyl radical
9079:
9073:
9072:
9071:
9070:
9064:
9063:
9062:
9061:
9052:
9043:Sulfur monoxide
9028:Sodium chloride
9013:Silicon carbide
8920:Diatomic carbon
8910:Carbon monoxide
8852:
8847:
8817:
8812:
8749:
8693:
8680:
8664:
8636:
8581:
8493:
8480:
8475:
8445:
8440:
8436:List of alkanes
8422:
8417:
8413:
8409:
8400:
8396:
8392:
8383:
8379:
8375:
8366:
8362:
8358:
8349:
8345:
8341:
8332:
8328:
8324:
8315:
8311:
8307:
8298:
8294:
8290:
8281:
8277:
8273:
8264:
8260:
8256:
8247:
8243:
8239:
8230:
8226:
8222:
8213:
8209:
8205:
8196:
8192:
8188:
8179:
8175:
8171:
8162:
8158:
8154:
8145:
8141:
8137:
8128:
8124:
8120:
8111:
8107:
8103:
8094:
8090:
8086:
8077:
8073:
8069:
8060:
8056:
8052:
8043:
8039:
8035:
8026:
8022:
8010:
8005:
7952:Catalysis Today
7919:
7909:
7887:
7882:
7881:
7871:
7869:
7865:
7854:
7848:
7844:
7834:
7832:
7819:
7818:
7814:
7804:
7802:
7798:
7787:
7783:
7782:
7778:
7768:
7766:
7751:
7747:
7730:
7726:
7721:Wayback Machine
7710:
7706:
7695:
7693:
7666:
7662:
7652:
7650:
7641:
7637:
7627:
7625:
7617:
7616:
7612:
7605:
7589:
7585:
7579:Wayback Machine
7567:
7560:
7525:
7521:
7512:
7508:
7495:
7494:
7490:
7445:
7441:
7431:
7429:
7418:
7414:
7354:
7350:
7303:
7299:
7240:
7236:
7207:
7203:
7193:
7191:
7174:
7170:
7160:
7158:
7141:
7137:
7127:
7125:
7108:
7104:
7094:
7092:
7075:
7071:
7030:
7026:
7016:
7014:
6997:
6993:
6983:
6981:
6974:"Methane Blast"
6972:
6971:
6967:
6944:
6937:
6927:
6925:
6915:
6911:
6901:
6899:
6892:The Independent
6882:
6878:
6868:
6866:
6856:
6852:
6842:
6840:
6833:
6829:
6819:
6817:
6809:
6808:
6804:
6794:
6792:
6773:
6767:
6763:
6753:
6751:
6739:
6733:
6729:
6719:
6717:
6706:
6702:
6692:
6690:
6679:
6675:
6619:
6615:
6605:
6603:
6582:
6581:
6577:
6567:
6565:
6552:
6551:
6547:
6537:
6535:
6526:
6525:
6521:
6511:
6509:
6502:The Independent
6494:
6490:
6480:
6478:
6469:
6468:
6464:
6454:
6452:
6405:
6398:
6351:
6347:
6331:
6327:
6321:
6299:
6295:
6285:
6283:
6273:
6269:
6259:
6257:
6247:
6243:
6233:
6231:
6221:
6217:
6207:
6205:
6195:
6191:
6182:Wayback Machine
6172:
6168:
6143:
6139:
6129:
6127:
6072:
6068:
6060:
6051:
6047:
6037:
6035:
6012:
6008:
5971:
5967:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5930:
5928:
5924:
5914:
5912:
5899:
5898:
5894:
5884:
5882:
5874:
5873:
5869:
5859:
5857:
5849:
5848:
5844:
5829:
5825:
5815:
5813:
5804:
5803:
5799:
5793:
5771:
5767:
5757:
5755:
5744:
5740:
5691:(3): e0247820.
5677:
5673:
5663:
5661:
5660:on June 4, 2011
5646:
5642:
5632:
5630:
5619:
5615:
5605:
5603:
5590:
5586:
5576:
5574:
5565:
5564:
5560:
5550:
5548:
5538:
5534:
5511:
5504:
5494:
5492:
5487:. May 1, 2015.
5479:
5478:
5471:
5461:
5459:
5449:
5445:
5408:Current Biology
5400:
5396:
5351:
5347:
5316:
5312:
5265:
5254:
5240:
5218:
5214:
5209:Wayback Machine
5199:
5195:
5185:
5183:
5140:
5136:
5089:
5085:
5075:
5073:
5035:
5031:
5021:
5019:
4981:
4977:
4956:
4952:
4946:Wayback Machine
4937:
4933:
4920:
4919:
4915:
4905:
4903:
4893:
4889:
4879:
4877:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4853:
4851:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4829:
4818:
4812:
4805:
4791:
4789:
4778:
4774:
4764:
4762:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4733:
4729:
4723:Wayback Machine
4714:
4710:
4663:
4659:
4628:
4624:
4603:(12): 456–463.
4593:
4589:
4574:
4551:
4547:
4512:
4508:
4487:(6): 2385–419.
4477:
4473:
4463:
4461:
4450:
4446:
4415:
4411:
4340:
4336:
4326:
4324:
4317:
4301:
4297:
4258:
4251:
4243:
4239:
4229:
4227:
4214:
4213:
4204:
4194:
4192:
4184:
4180:
4179:
4166:
4141:
4137:
4127:
4125:
4110:
4106:
4096:
4094:
4093:on June 4, 2012
4090:
4083:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4066:
4062:
4054:
4050:
4042:
4038:
4030:
4019:
4009:
4007:
3998:
3997:
3993:
3986:
3978:
3953:
3952:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3835:There are many
3834:
3830:
3821:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3736:limnic eruption
3734:(more general:
3646:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3601:
3598:
3594:
3591:
3503:
3425:
3380:
3372:
3345:Martian subsoil
3299:
3295:
3270:
3246:
3240:
3237:
3230:
3221:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3173:
3168:
3096:
3040:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2984:
2980:
2915:
2911:
2881:
2877:
2870:
2862:
2814:deposit, while
2796:
2760:
2672:
2632:
2623:
2604:
2598:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2506:
2500:
2464:
2462:Biogeochemistry
2458:
2442:
2422:
2408:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2357:
2350:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2313:
2306:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2273:
2269:
2228:
2195:specific energy
2191:liquid hydrogen
2116:
2108:
2104:
2064:steam generator
2041:
2025:
2005:dichloromethane
1986:
1982:
1977:molecule and a
1975:hydrogen halide
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1886:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1832:is 55.5 MJ/kg.
1818:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1688:
1670:
1598:
1579:
1563:steam reforming
1555:
1547:plastic crystal
1542:
1452:
1358:, the simplest
1344:
1340:
1326:
1300:
1291:
1290:
1283:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1241:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1227: ?)
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1183:
1157:
1150:
1129:
1128:Related alkanes
1104:
1101:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1048:
1040:
1017:
1003:
989:
973:
945:
942:
936:
932:
929:
928:Std enthalpy of
918:
912:
908:
896:
893:
887:
883:
880:
879:Std enthalpy of
869:
866:
859:
856:
848:35.7 J/(K·mol)
845:
838:
821:
817:
798:
796:Molecular shape
789:
783:
766:
762:
725:
723:
714:
653:
605:
562:
552:
541:
527:
524:
519:
518:
507:
504:
503:
500:
494:
493:
482:
464:
457:
438:
418:
402:
389:
363:
340:
331:
294:
274:
254:
231:
222:
204:
191:
180:
167:
153:
152:
124:
123:
112:
111:
91:
90:
86:
84:
83: Carbon, C
80:
37:
30:
19:
17:
12:
11:
5:
13176:
13166:
13165:
13160:
13155:
13150:
13145:
13140:
13135:
13130:
13125:
13108:
13107:
13105:
13104:
13098:
13096:
13090:
13089:
13087:
13086:
13082:
13078:
13074:
13070:
13066:
13062:
13058:
13054:
13050:
13046:
13042:
13038:
13034:
13030:
13026:
13022:
13018:
13014:
13010:
13006:
13002:
12998:
12994:
12990:
12986:
12982:
12978:
12974:
12971:
12967:
12964:
12960:
12956:
12952:
12948:
12944:
12939:
12937:
12931:
12930:
12928:
12927:
12923:
12919:
12915:
12911:
12907:
12903:
12899:
12895:
12891:
12887:
12883:
12879:
12875:
12871:
12867:
12863:
12859:
12855:
12851:
12847:
12843:
12839:
12835:
12831:
12827:
12823:
12819:
12815:
12811:
12807:
12803:
12799:
12795:
12791:
12787:
12783:
12779:
12775:
12771:
12767:
12763:
12759:
12755:
12751:
12747:
12743:
12739:
12735:
12731:
12727:
12723:
12719:
12715:
12710:
12708:
12702:
12701:
12699:
12698:
12688:
12683:
12679:
12675:
12671:
12667:
12663:
12658:
12654:
12650:
12646:
12642:
12630:
12625:
12615:
12610:
12599:
12595:
12584:
12580:
12575:
12571:
12567:
12563:
12559:
12555:
12551:
12547:
12543:
12539:
12535:
12530:
12526:
12522:
12518:
12514:
12509:
12505:
12501:
12496:
12492:
12488:
12483:
12479:
12475:
12470:
12466:
12462:
12458:
12454:
12450:
12446:
12442:
12438:
12434:
12430:
12426:
12422:
12418:
12414:
12410:
12406:
12402:
12398:
12394:
12390:
12386:
12382:
12378:
12374:
12370:
12365:
12363:
12357:
12356:
12354:
12342:
12337:
12332:
12327:
12322:
12317:
12315:
12307:
12306:
12304:
12303:
12298:
12294:
12289:
12285:
12280:
12275:
12266:
12261:
12257:
12253:
12249:
12245:
12239:
12236:
12235:
12233:
12232:
12222:
12216:
12214:
12206:
12205:
12203:
12202:
12198:
12193:
12191:
12183:
12182:
12180:
12179:
12175:
12171:
12167:
12162:
12157:
12155:
12147:
12146:
12144:
12143:
12139:
12135:
12131:
12126:
12121:
12119:
12109:
12108:
12106:
12105:
12100:
12096:
12092:
12088:
12084:
12080:
12076:
12072:
12068:
12064:
12060:
12056:
12052:
12048:
12044:
12040:
12036:
12032:
12028:
12024:
12020:
12016:
12012:
12008:
12004:
12000:
11996:
11992:
11987:
11982:
11980:
11970:
11969:
11967:
11962:
11958:
11954:
11950:
11946:
11942:
11938:
11934:
11930:
11926:
11922:
11918:
11914:
11909:
11905:
11903:
11894:
11890:chalcogenides
11884:
11883:
11881:
11880:
11872:
11867:
11863:
11859:
11854:
11850:
11845:
11842:
11841:
11839:
11838:
11828:
11822:
11820:
11812:
11811:
11809:
11808:
11804:
11799:
11797:
11789:
11788:
11786:
11785:
11781:
11776:
11774:
11766:
11765:
11763:
11762:
11758:
11754:
11750:
11746:
11741:
11739:
11729:
11728:
11726:
11725:
11721:
11717:
11713:
11709:
11705:
11701:
11697:
11693:
11688:
11686:
11676:
11675:
11673:
11672:
11667:
11663:
11659:
11655:
11651:
11647:
11643:
11639:
11635:
11631:
11627:
11623:
11619:
11615:
11611:
11607:
11603:
11599:
11595:
11591:
11587:
11583:
11579:
11575:
11571:
11567:
11563:
11559:
11555:
11550:
11548:
11538:
11537:
11535:
11534:
11530:
11526:
11522:
11518:
11514:
11510:
11506:
11502:
11497:
11495:
11485:
11484:
11482:
11481:
11476:
11472:
11468:
11464:
11460:
11456:
11452:
11448:
11444:
11440:
11436:
11432:
11428:
11424:
11420:
11416:
11412:
11408:
11404:
11400:
11396:
11392:
11388:
11384:
11380:
11376:
11372:
11368:
11364:
11359:
11357:
11348:
11340:
11339:
11336:
11335:
11333:
11332:
11328:
11324:
11320:
11316:
11310:
11308:
11293:
11292:
11290:
11289:
11285:
11280:
11278:
11270:
11269:
11267:
11266:
11262:
11258:
11254:
11250:
11245:
11243:
11233:
11232:
11230:
11229:
11225:
11221:
11217:
11213:
11209:
11205:
11201:
11197:
11193:
11189:
11185:
11181:
11177:
11172:
11170:
11160:
11159:
11157:
11156:
11151:
11147:
11143:
11138:
11136:
11126:
11125:
11123:
11122:
11118:
11114:
11109:
11107:
11097:
11096:
11094:
11093:
11088:
11084:
11080:
11076:
11072:
11068:
11064:
11060:
11056:
11052:
11048:
11044:
11040:
11036:
11032:
11028:
11024:
11020:
11016:
11012:
11008:
11004:
11000:
10996:
10992:
10988:
10984:
10980:
10976:
10971:
10969:
10959:
10958:
10956:
10955:
10950:
10946:
10942:
10938:
10934:
10930:
10924:
10917:
10916:
10914:
10913:
10908:
10903:
10898:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10877:
10875:
10866:
10860:
10859:
10856:
10855:
10853:
10852:
10848:
10844:
10840:
10836:
10832:
10828:
10824:
10818:
10816:
10801:
10800:
10798:
10797:
10793:
10789:
10785:
10781:
10776:
10774:
10766:
10765:
10763:
10762:
10758:
10754:
10750:
10746:
10741:
10739:
10731:
10730:
10728:
10727:
10723:
10719:
10715:
10711:
10706:
10704:
10696:
10695:
10693:
10692:
10688:
10684:
10680:
10676:
10671:
10669:
10661:
10660:
10658:
10657:
10653:
10649:
10645:
10641:
10637:
10633:
10629:
10625:
10621:
10617:
10613:
10609:
10605:
10601:
10597:
10593:
10589:
10585:
10581:
10577:
10573:
10569:
10565:
10561:
10557:
10553:
10549:
10545:
10541:
10537:
10532:
10528:
10523:
10521:
10512:
10504:
10503:
10500:
10499:
10497:
10496:
10492:
10488:
10484:
10480:
10476:
10472:
10468:
10464:
10460:
10455:
10453:
10445:
10444:
10442:
10441:
10436:
10431:
10426:
10421:
10415:
10413:
10406:
10404:earth hydrides
10396:
10395:
10393:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10366:
10364:
10356:
10355:
10348:
10347:
10340:
10333:
10325:
10316:
10315:
10313:
10312:
10300:
10288:
10276:
10263:
10260:
10259:
10257:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10241:
10235:
10230:
10225:
10220:
10215:
10210:
10205:
10200:
10195:
10190:
10185:
10180:
10175:
10170:
10165:
10160:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10143:Cosmochemistry
10140:
10135:
10130:
10125:
10120:
10115:
10110:
10108:Astrochemistry
10105:
10100:
10094:
10092:
10086:
10085:
10083:
10082:
10077:
10072:
10067:
10062:
10058:
10054:
10049:
10045:
10040:
10035:
10030:
10025:
10020:
10014:
10012:
10006:
10005:
10003:
10002:
9997:
9992:
9988:
9983:
9978:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9961:Formyl radical
9958:
9953:
9947:
9941:
9939:
9931:
9930:
9927:
9926:
9924:
9923:
9918:
9913:
9908:
9903:
9898:
9893:
9891:Methyl acetate
9888:
9883:
9878:
9873:
9868:
9864:
9860:
9856:
9850:
9845:
9840:
9834:
9832:
9822:
9821:
9819:
9818:
9813:
9808:
9803:
9798:
9793:
9788:
9783:
9781:Dimethyl ether
9778:
9773:
9767:
9765:
9757:
9756:
9754:
9753:
9748:
9746:Methyl formate
9743:
9738:
9733:
9731:Glycolaldehyde
9728:
9723:
9718:
9713:
9707:
9705:
9697:
9696:
9694:
9693:
9688:
9683:
9678:
9673:
9668:
9666:Glycolonitrile
9663:
9661:Ethylene oxide
9658:
9653:
9652:
9651:
9641:
9635:
9633:
9625:
9624:
9622:
9621:
9616:
9611:
9606:
9601:
9596:
9591:
9586:
9581:
9577:
9572:
9567:
9562:
9560:Cyclopropenone
9557:
9552:
9547:
9541:
9539:
9531:
9530:
9528:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9507:
9502:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9477:
9472:
9467:
9462:
9460:Cyanoacetylene
9457:
9452:
9447:
9442:
9435:
9433:
9425:
9424:
9422:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9406:
9401:
9396:
9391:
9386:
9381:
9379:Methyl radical
9376:
9371:
9366:
9361:
9356:
9354:Isocyanic acid
9351:
9346:
9341:
9336:
9331:
9326:
9321:
9319:Isocyanic acid
9316:
9311:
9305:
9303:
9295:
9294:
9292:
9291:
9286:
9281:
9276:
9271:
9266:
9264:Sulfur dioxide
9261:
9256:
9251:
9246:
9241:
9239:Sodium cyanide
9236:
9231:
9226:
9221:
9216:
9211:
9206:
9201:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9156:
9150:
9148:Formyl radical
9145:
9140:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9120:
9115:
9110:
9108:Carbon dioxide
9105:
9100:
9095:
9089:
9087:
9081:
9080:
9055:
9053:
9051:
9050:
9045:
9040:
9035:
9030:
9025:
9020:
9015:
9010:
9005:
9000:
8995:
8989:
8984:
8979:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8958:
8956:Iron(II) oxide
8953:
8948:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8922:
8917:
8912:
8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8871:
8869:
8860:
8854:
8853:
8846:
8845:
8838:
8831:
8823:
8814:
8813:
8811:
8810:
8805:
8800:
8795:
8794:
8793:
8783:
8778:
8773:
8768:
8763:
8757:
8755:
8751:
8750:
8748:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8732:
8727:
8722:
8717:
8712:
8707:
8701:
8699:
8698:Infrastructure
8695:
8694:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8681:
8679:
8678:
8672:
8670:
8666:
8665:
8663:
8662:
8657:
8652:
8646:
8644:
8638:
8637:
8635:
8634:
8633:
8632:
8622:
8617:
8612:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8591:
8589:
8583:
8582:
8580:
8579:
8574:
8569:
8564:
8562:Regasification
8559:
8554:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8519:
8518:
8517:
8512:
8501:
8499:
8486:
8482:
8481:
8474:
8473:
8466:
8459:
8451:
8442:
8441:
8439:
8438:
8433:
8431:Higher alkanes
8427:
8424:
8423:
8421:
8420:
8415:
8411:
8406:Hentriacontane
8403:
8398:
8394:
8386:
8381:
8377:
8369:
8364:
8360:
8352:
8347:
8343:
8335:
8330:
8326:
8318:
8313:
8309:
8301:
8296:
8292:
8284:
8279:
8275:
8267:
8262:
8258:
8250:
8245:
8241:
8233:
8228:
8224:
8216:
8211:
8207:
8199:
8194:
8190:
8182:
8177:
8173:
8165:
8160:
8156:
8148:
8143:
8139:
8131:
8126:
8122:
8114:
8109:
8105:
8097:
8092:
8088:
8080:
8075:
8071:
8063:
8058:
8054:
8046:
8041:
8037:
8029:
8024:
8015:
8012:
8011:
8004:
8003:
7996:
7989:
7981:
7975:
7974:
7968:
7947:
7937:
7932:
7918:
7917:External links
7915:
7914:
7913:
7907:
7886:
7883:
7880:
7879:
7842:
7812:
7776:
7745:
7724:
7704:
7660:
7635:
7610:
7603:
7583:
7558:
7539:(1): 274–276.
7519:
7506:
7488:
7459:(10): L10203.
7439:
7412:
7348:
7297:
7234:
7201:
7168:
7135:
7102:
7069:
7063:2027.42/151840
7040:(3): 358–369.
7024:
6991:
6965:
6935:
6909:
6876:
6850:
6827:
6802:
6761:
6727:
6700:
6673:
6613:
6575:
6558:UN Environment
6545:
6519:
6488:
6462:
6419:(1): 126–168.
6396:
6365:(1): 207–250.
6345:
6325:
6319:
6293:
6267:
6241:
6215:
6189:
6166:
6137:
6066:
6045:
6006:
5985:(3): 318–342.
5965:
5952:
5922:
5892:
5867:
5842:
5823:
5797:
5791:
5765:
5738:
5671:
5640:
5613:
5584:
5558:
5532:
5502:
5469:
5443:
5394:
5365:(3): 253–262.
5345:
5326:(3): 291–307.
5310:
5279:(1): 207–250.
5252:
5238:
5212:
5193:
5154:(4): 369–384.
5134:
5083:
5029:
4975:
4950:
4931:
4913:
4887:
4865:
4835:
4803:
4772:
4742:
4727:
4708:
4657:
4622:
4587:
4572:
4545:
4506:
4471:
4444:
4409:
4334:
4315:
4295:
4268:(2): 276–299.
4249:
4237:
4202:
4164:
4135:
4104:
4072:
4060:
4048:
4036:
4017:
3991:
3984:
3976:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3864:
3860:
3847:solid solution
3828:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3799:
3789:
3782:Methanogenesis
3779:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3762:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3729:
3727:Industrial gas
3724:
3722:Hydrogen Cycle
3719:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3696:Energy density
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3624:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3596:
3590:
3587:
3541:Eugène Péligot
3502:
3499:
3474:Following the
3424:
3421:
3402:second largest
3378:
3371:
3368:
3349:carbon dioxide
3297:
3269:
3266:
3248:
3247:
3224:
3222:
3215:
3209:
3206:
3201:Main article:
3198:
3195:
3176:United Kingdom
3171:
3166:
3157:super emitting
3136:The 2015–2016
3095:
3092:
3084:global warming
3039:
3036:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2913:
2906:Methane has a
2901:greenhouse gas
2879:
2866:Main article:
2861:
2858:
2839:organic matter
2795:
2792:
2780:sodium acetate
2768:methyl lithium
2759:
2756:
2752:carbon dioxide
2671:
2668:
2660:methanotrophic
2631:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2597:
2594:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2532:(for example,
2514:methanogenesis
2504:Methanogenesis
2502:Main article:
2499:
2496:
2484:methanogenesis
2457:
2454:
2441:
2438:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2355:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2311:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2271:
2227:
2224:
2120:liquid methane
2115:
2112:
2106:
2072:carbon dioxide
2040:
2037:
2024:
2021:
1994:trihalomethane
1984:
1979:methyl radical
1971:chain reaction
1957:or some other
1927:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1885:
1882:
1875:
1874:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1817:
1814:
1700:conjugate base
1686:
1669:
1666:
1607:carbon dioxide
1596:
1585:of methane to
1578:
1575:
1554:
1551:
1490:overtone bands
1451:
1448:
1342:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1208:
1207:
1203:standard state
1200:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1004:
999:
996:
995:
990:
985:
982:
981:
974:
969:
966:
965:
955:
954:
950:
949:
946:
940:
934:
926:
923:
922:
919:
910:
904:
901:
900:
897:
891:
885:
877:
874:
873:
870:
864:
853:
850:
849:
846:
834:
831:
830:
826:
825:
818:
813:
810:
809:
799:
794:
791:
790:
787:
784:
779:
776:
775:
771:
770:
763:
757:
754:
753:
748:
746:Conjugate base
742:
741:
736:
734:Conjugate acid
730:
729:
726:
721:
711:
708:
707:
704:
695:
694:
664:
658:
657:
654:
649:
646:
645:
642:
627:
626:
623:
617:
616:
613:
607:
606:
604:
603:
600:
597:
593:
591:
585:
584:
581:
575:
574:
573:Colorless gas
571:
567:
566:
560:
554:
553:
550:
542:
537:
534:
533:
529:
528:
526:
525:
522:
514:
513:
512:
509:
508:
506:
505:
501:
498:
497:
489:
488:
487:
484:
483:
481:
480:
467:
465:
453:
450:
449:
446:
440:
439:
437:
436:
428:
426:
420:
419:
417:
416:
412:
410:
404:
403:
401:
400:
392:
390:
382:
379:
378:
371:
365:
364:
362:
361:
353:
351:
345:
344:
341:
336:
333:
332:
330:
329:
325:
323:
315:
314:
304:
296:
295:
293:
292:
284:
282:
276:
275:
273:
272:
264:
262:
256:
255:
253:
252:
244:
242:
236:
235:
232:
227:
224:
223:
221:
220:
212:
210:
206:
205:
203:
202:
194:
192:
185:
182:
181:
179:
178:
170:
168:
163:
160:
159:
155:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:Methyl hydride
144:
141:
138:
135:
131:
130:
126:
125:
121:
120:
114:
113:
109:
108:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
92:
85:
79:
78:
68:
53:
52:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13175:
13164:
13161:
13159:
13156:
13154:
13151:
13149:
13146:
13144:
13141:
13139:
13136:
13134:
13131:
13129:
13126:
13124:
13121:
13120:
13118:
13103:
13100:
13099:
13097:
13095:
13091:
13085:
13079:
13077:
13071:
13069:
13063:
13061:
13055:
13053:
13047:
13045:
13039:
13037:
13031:
13029:
13023:
13021:
13015:
13013:
13007:
13005:
12999:
12997:
12991:
12989:
12983:
12981:
12975:
12965:
12963:
12957:
12955:
12949:
12947:
12941:
12940:
12938:
12936:
12932:
12926:
12920:
12918:
12912:
12910:
12904:
12902:
12896:
12894:
12888:
12886:
12880:
12878:
12872:
12870:
12864:
12862:
12856:
12854:
12848:
12846:
12840:
12838:
12832:
12830:
12824:
12822:
12816:
12814:
12808:
12806:
12800:
12798:
12792:
12790:
12784:
12782:
12776:
12774:
12768:
12766:
12760:
12758:
12752:
12750:
12744:
12742:
12736:
12734:
12728:
12726:
12720:
12718:
12712:
12711:
12709:
12707:
12703:
12696:
12692:
12691:
12684:
12682:
12676:
12674:
12664:
12662:
12659:
12657:
12651:
12649:
12643:
12640:
12636:
12635:
12631:
12629:
12626:
12623:
12619:
12618:
12611:
12609:
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12602:
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12592:
12587:
12581:
12579:
12576:
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12568:
12566:
12560:
12558:
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12550:
12544:
12542:
12536:
12534:
12531:
12529:
12523:
12521:
12515:
12513:
12510:
12508:
12502:
12500:
12497:
12495:
12489:
12487:
12484:
12482:
12476:
12474:
12471:
12469:
12463:
12461:
12455:
12453:
12447:
12445:
12439:
12437:
12431:
12429:
12423:
12421:
12415:
12413:
12407:
12405:
12399:
12397:
12391:
12389:
12383:
12381:
12375:
12373:
12367:
12366:
12364:
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12358:
12352:
12348:
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12338:
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12331:
12328:
12326:
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12321:
12318:
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12314:
12308:
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12295:
12293:
12286:
12284:
12281:
12279:
12276:
12274:
12270:
12262:
12260:
12254:
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12246:
12244:
12241:
12240:
12230:
12226:
12225:
12218:
12217:
12215:
12211:
12201:
12195:
12194:
12192:
12188:
12178:
12168:
12166:
12159:
12158:
12156:
12152:
12142:
12132:
12130:
12123:
12122:
12120:
12118:
12114:
12104:
12101:
12099:
12089:
12087:
12077:
12075:
12065:
12063:
12053:
12051:
12041:
12039:
12029:
12027:
12017:
12015:
12005:
12003:
11993:
11991:
11984:
11983:
11981:
11979:
11975:
11966:
11963:
11961:
11951:
11949:
11939:
11937:
11927:
11925:
11915:
11913:
11906:
11904:
11902:
11898:
11895:
11893:
11885:
11879:
11875:
11868:
11866:
11860:
11858:
11855:
11853:
11847:
11846:
11836:
11832:
11831:
11824:
11823:
11821:
11817:
11807:
11801:
11800:
11798:
11794:
11784:
11778:
11777:
11775:
11771:
11761:
11751:
11749:
11743:
11742:
11740:
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11724:
11714:
11712:
11702:
11700:
11690:
11689:
11687:
11685:
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11671:
11668:
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11642:
11632:
11630:
11620:
11618:
11608:
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11584:
11582:
11572:
11570:
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11558:
11552:
11551:
11549:
11547:
11543:
11533:
11523:
11521:
11511:
11509:
11499:
11498:
11496:
11494:
11490:
11480:
11477:
11475:
11465:
11463:
11453:
11451:
11441:
11439:
11429:
11427:
11417:
11415:
11405:
11403:
11393:
11391:
11381:
11379:
11369:
11367:
11361:
11360:
11358:
11356:
11352:
11349:
11347:
11341:
11331:
11325:
11323:
11317:
11315:
11312:
11311:
11309:
11306:
11302:
11298:
11288:
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11279:
11275:
11265:
11255:
11253:
11247:
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11228:
11218:
11216:
11206:
11204:
11194:
11192:
11182:
11180:
11174:
11173:
11171:
11169:
11165:
11155:
11152:
11150:
11140:
11139:
11137:
11135:
11131:
11121:
11111:
11110:
11108:
11106:
11102:
11092:
11089:
11087:
11077:
11075:
11065:
11063:
11053:
11051:
11041:
11039:
11029:
11027:
11017:
11015:
11005:
11003:
10993:
10991:
10981:
10979:
10973:
10972:
10970:
10968:
10964:
10954:
10947:
10945:
10939:
10937:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10925:
10922:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10878:
10876:
10874:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10861:
10851:
10845:
10843:
10833:
10831:
10825:
10823:
10820:
10819:
10817:
10814:
10810:
10806:
10796:
10786:
10784:
10778:
10777:
10775:
10771:
10761:
10751:
10749:
10743:
10742:
10740:
10736:
10726:
10716:
10714:
10708:
10707:
10705:
10701:
10691:
10681:
10679:
10673:
10672:
10670:
10666:
10656:
10646:
10644:
10634:
10632:
10622:
10620:
10610:
10608:
10598:
10596:
10586:
10584:
10574:
10572:
10562:
10560:
10550:
10548:
10538:
10536:
10533:
10531:
10525:
10524:
10522:
10520:
10516:
10513:
10511:
10505:
10495:
10489:
10487:
10481:
10479:
10473:
10471:
10465:
10463:
10457:
10456:
10454:
10450:
10440:
10437:
10435:
10432:
10430:
10427:
10425:
10422:
10420:
10417:
10416:
10414:
10410:
10407:
10405:
10397:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10367:
10365:
10363:
10360:Alkali metal
10357:
10353:
10346:
10341:
10339:
10334:
10332:
10327:
10326:
10323:
10311:
10301:
10299:
10289:
10287:
10277:
10275:
10274:
10265:
10264:
10261:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10231:
10229:
10226:
10224:
10221:
10219:
10216:
10214:
10211:
10209:
10206:
10204:
10201:
10199:
10196:
10194:
10191:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10173:Homochirality
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10159:
10156:
10154:
10151:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10139:
10136:
10134:
10131:
10129:
10126:
10124:
10121:
10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10109:
10106:
10104:
10101:
10099:
10096:
10095:
10093:
10091:
10087:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10061:
10055:
10053:
10046:
10044:
10041:
10039:
10036:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10028:Methoxyethane
10026:
10024:
10021:
10019:
10016:
10015:
10013:
10011:
10007:
10001:
9998:
9996:
9989:
9987:
9984:
9982:
9979:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9957:
9954:
9951:
9948:
9946:
9943:
9942:
9940:
9936:
9932:
9922:
9919:
9917:
9914:
9912:
9911:Butyronitrile
9909:
9907:
9904:
9902:
9899:
9897:
9894:
9892:
9889:
9887:
9886:Ethyl formate
9884:
9882:
9879:
9877:
9874:
9872:
9865:
9854:
9851:
9849:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9835:
9833:
9831:
9823:
9817:
9814:
9812:
9811:Propionitrile
9809:
9807:
9804:
9802:
9799:
9797:
9794:
9792:
9789:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9772:
9769:
9768:
9766:
9764:
9758:
9752:
9749:
9747:
9744:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9732:
9729:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9709:
9708:
9706:
9704:
9698:
9692:
9691:Vinyl alcohol
9689:
9687:
9684:
9682:
9679:
9677:
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9662:
9659:
9657:
9654:
9650:
9649:Vinyl cyanide
9647:
9646:
9645:
9644:Acrylonitrile
9642:
9640:
9637:
9636:
9634:
9632:
9626:
9620:
9617:
9615:
9612:
9610:
9609:Pentynylidyne
9607:
9605:
9602:
9600:
9597:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9587:
9585:
9578:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9542:
9540:
9538:
9532:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9511:
9508:
9506:
9505:Methylenimine
9503:
9501:
9498:
9496:
9493:
9491:
9488:
9486:
9483:
9481:
9478:
9476:
9473:
9471:
9468:
9466:
9463:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9451:
9448:
9446:
9443:
9440:
9437:
9436:
9434:
9432:
9426:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9405:
9402:
9400:
9397:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9384:Propynylidyne
9382:
9380:
9377:
9375:
9374:Methyl cation
9372:
9370:
9367:
9365:
9362:
9360:
9357:
9355:
9352:
9350:
9347:
9345:
9342:
9340:
9337:
9335:
9334:Fulminic acid
9332:
9330:
9327:
9325:
9322:
9320:
9317:
9315:
9312:
9310:
9307:
9306:
9304:
9302:
9296:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9280:
9277:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9245:
9242:
9240:
9237:
9235:
9232:
9230:
9227:
9225:
9222:
9220:
9217:
9215:
9212:
9210:
9209:Nitrous oxide
9207:
9205:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9160:
9157:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9146:
9144:
9141:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9124:
9121:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9109:
9106:
9104:
9103:Amino radical
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9090:
9088:
9086:
9082:
9077:
9068:
9059:
9049:
9046:
9044:
9041:
9039:
9036:
9034:
9033:Sodium iodide
9031:
9029:
9026:
9024:
9021:
9019:
9016:
9014:
9011:
9009:
9006:
9004:
9001:
8999:
8996:
8993:
8990:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8980:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8916:
8915:Cyano radical
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8895:Carbon cation
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8872:
8870:
8868:
8864:
8861:
8859:
8855:
8851:
8844:
8839:
8837:
8832:
8830:
8825:
8824:
8821:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8801:
8799:
8796:
8792:
8789:
8788:
8787:
8784:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8774:
8772:
8769:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8761:Bunsen burner
8759:
8758:
8756:
8752:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8723:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8702:
8700:
8696:
8691:
8677:
8674:
8673:
8671:
8667:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8647:
8645:
8643:
8639:
8631:
8628:
8627:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8592:
8590:
8588:
8584:
8578:
8575:
8573:
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8550:
8548:
8545:
8543:
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8525:
8523:
8520:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
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8506:
8503:
8502:
8500:
8497:
8490:
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8479:
8472:
8467:
8465:
8460:
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8449:
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8425:
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8390:
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7921:
7920:
7910:
7908:9781498754293
7904:
7900:
7896:
7895:
7889:
7888:
7885:Cited sources
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7708:
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7671:
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7647:
7639:
7628:September 27,
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7398:10044/1/60810
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6888:
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6864:ThinkProgress
6861:
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6704:
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6685:. About.com.
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6455:September 16,
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6320:9783540321446
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6187:
6183:
6179:
6176:
6170:
6162:
6158:
6157:
6153:
6148:
6141:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6098:
6094:
6090:
6086:
6082:
6078:
6070:
6059:
6055:
6049:
6033:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6017:
6010:
6001:
5996:
5992:
5988:
5984:
5980:
5976:
5969:
5959:September 18,
5955:
5953:9781107057999
5949:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5926:
5910:
5906:
5902:
5896:
5885:September 18,
5881:
5877:
5871:
5860:September 18,
5856:
5852:
5846:
5838:
5834:
5827:
5816:September 18,
5811:
5807:
5801:
5794:
5792:9783319600635
5788:
5784:
5780:
5776:
5769:
5753:
5749:
5742:
5734:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5716:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5698:
5694:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5675:
5659:
5655:
5651:
5644:
5628:
5624:
5617:
5601:
5597:
5596:
5588:
5572:
5568:
5562:
5551:September 18,
5547:
5543:
5536:
5528:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5509:
5507:
5490:
5486:
5482:
5476:
5474:
5462:September 18,
5458:
5454:
5447:
5439:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5409:
5405:
5398:
5390:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5372:
5368:
5364:
5360:
5356:
5349:
5341:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5325:
5321:
5314:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5263:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5239:9783319545295
5235:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5216:
5210:
5206:
5203:
5197:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5138:
5130:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5094:
5087:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5056:
5052:
5048:
5044:
5040:
5033:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4968:
4964:
4960:
4957:Rossberg, M.
4954:
4947:
4943:
4940:
4935:
4927:
4923:
4917:
4902:
4898:
4891:
4875:
4869:
4862:
4849:
4845:
4839:
4828:
4824:
4817:
4810:
4808:
4800:
4787:
4783:
4776:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4746:
4738:
4731:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4712:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4668:
4661:
4653:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4626:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4591:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4549:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4510:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4486:
4482:
4475:
4459:
4455:
4448:
4440:
4436:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4420:
4413:
4405:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4338:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4308:
4307:
4299:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4256:
4254:
4246:
4241:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4190:
4183:
4177:
4175:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4147:
4139:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4108:
4089:
4082:
4076:
4069:
4064:
4057:
4052:
4045:
4040:
4033:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3988:
3979:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3958:. Cambridge:
3957:
3950:
3948:
3943:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3819:
3815:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3770:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3589:Abbreviations
3586:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3563:
3552:
3542:
3538:
3533:
3527:
3521:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3472:
3470:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3454:Lake Maggiore
3450:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3433:
3429:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3376:
3367:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3325:Mars missions
3322:
3317:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3275:
3265:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3244:
3234:
3228:
3225:This section
3223:
3219:
3214:
3213:
3204:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3179:
3177:
3169:
3162:
3161:metric tonnes
3158:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3119:West Virginia
3116:
3112:
3107:
3100:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3035:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3022:
3017:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3002:
2978:
2974:
2969:
2966:
2960:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2943:energy sector
2940:
2934:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2909:
2904:
2902:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2857:
2855:
2850:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2804:coal seam gas
2801:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2746:and uses the
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2691:hydrogenating
2685:
2681:
2676:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2652:methanotrophs
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2627:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2603:
2589:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2572:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2505:
2495:
2493:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2468:
2463:
2453:
2446:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2414:
2406:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2354:
2348:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2310:
2304:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2200:liquid oxygen
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2171:liquid oxygen
2168:
2164:
2163:liquid oxygen
2160:
2159:liquid rocket
2155:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2132:liquid oxygen
2129:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2033:Gas pipelines
2030:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2013:chloromethane
2010:
2006:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1990:dihalomethane
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:. A two-step
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1929:where X is a
1910:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1744:
1716:
1712:
1711:positive ions
1709:A variety of
1707:
1705:
1704:methyllithium
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1644:One group of
1642:
1641:active site.
1640:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1550:
1548:
1540:
1536:
1535:modifications
1531:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1465:Methane is a
1460:
1456:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1421:has increased
1417:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1321:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1278:
1251:
1245:
1233:
1226:
1221:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1005:
1002:
998:
997:
994:
991:
988:
984:
983:
979:
975:
972:
968:
967:
963:
961:
956:
951:
947:
939:
931:
925:
924:
921:−50.5 kJ/mol
920:
915:
907:
903:
902:
899:−74.6 kJ/mol
898:
890:
882:
876:
875:
871:
863:
858:
852:
851:
847:
842:
837:
836:Heat capacity
833:
832:
827:
819:
816:
815:Dipole moment
812:
811:
807:
803:
800:
797:
793:
792:
785:
782:
778:
777:
772:
764:
760:
756:
755:
752:
749:
747:
744:
743:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
727:
720:
716:
710:
709:
705:
703:
702:
697:
696:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:diethyl ether
669:
665:
663:
660:
659:
655:
652:
648:
647:
643:
640:
636:
632:
629:
628:
624:
622:
621:Boiling point
619:
618:
614:
612:
611:Melting point
609:
608:
601:
598:
595:
594:
592:
590:
587:
586:
582:
580:
577:
576:
572:
569:
568:
561:
559:
556:
555:
543:
540:
536:
535:
530:
521:
520:
517:
510:
496:
495:
492:
485:
477:
473:
472:DTXSID8025545
469:
468:
466:
456:
452:
451:
447:
445:
442:
441:
434:
430:
429:
427:
425:
422:
421:
414:
413:
411:
409:
406:
405:
398:
394:
393:
391:
385:
381:
380:
376:
372:
370:
367:
366:
359:
355:
354:
352:
350:
347:
346:
342:
339:
335:
334:
327:
326:
324:
322:
317:
316:
312:
308:
305:
303:
301:ECHA InfoCard
298:
297:
290:
286:
285:
283:
281:
278:
277:
270:
266:
265:
263:
261:
258:
257:
250:
246:
245:
243:
241:
238:
237:
233:
230:
226:
225:
218:
214:
213:
211:
208:
207:
200:
196:
195:
193:
189:
184:
183:
176:
172:
171:
169:
166:
162:
161:
156:
148:
145:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
127:
119:
115:
107:
103:
98:
73:
69:
63:
59:
58:
54:
50:
45:
39:
34:
27:
23:
12694:
12685:
12638:
12632:
12621:
12612:
12605:
12600:
12590:
12585:
12350:
12344:
12263:
12228:
12219:
12213:Livermoranes
11978:Polysulfanes
11901:Polyoxidanes
11869:
11834:
11825:
11326:
11318:
11313:
11304:
10906:Cycloalkynes
10901:Cycloalkenes
10896:Cycloalkanes
10873:Hydrocarbons
10846:
10834:
10826:
10821:
10812:
10412:Monohydrides
10266:
10249:Spectroscopy
10103:Astrobiology
9956:Formaldehyde
9848:Benzonitrile
9639:Acetaldehyde
9594:Methanethiol
9545:Acetonitrile
9494:
9450:Carbodiimide
9329:Formaldehyde
9324:Cyanoethynyl
9175:Iron cyanide
9170:Hydroperoxyl
8971:Nitric oxide
8786:Gas lighting
8771:Gas cylinder
8557:Producer gas
8542:Landfill gas
8537:Gasification
8018:
7955:
7951:
7926:
7892:
7870:. Retrieved
7858:
7845:
7833:. Retrieved
7824:
7815:
7803:. Retrieved
7791:
7779:
7767:. Retrieved
7759:ResearchGate
7758:
7748:
7737:
7727:
7707:
7694:. Retrieved
7677:
7673:
7663:
7651:. Retrieved
7645:
7638:
7626:. Retrieved
7622:
7613:
7597:. Springer.
7593:
7586:
7570:
7536:
7532:
7522:
7509:
7500:
7491:
7456:
7452:
7442:
7430:. Retrieved
7415:
7370:
7364:
7351:
7316:
7310:
7300:
7249:
7243:
7237:
7210:
7204:
7192:. Retrieved
7181:
7171:
7159:. Retrieved
7148:
7138:
7126:. Retrieved
7115:
7105:
7093:. Retrieved
7082:
7072:
7037:
7033:
7027:
7015:. Retrieved
7004:
6994:
6982:. Retrieved
6968:
6951:
6947:
6926:. Retrieved
6923:The Guardian
6922:
6912:
6900:. Retrieved
6891:
6879:
6869:February 26,
6867:. Retrieved
6863:
6853:
6843:February 26,
6841:. Retrieved
6830:
6820:February 18,
6818:. Retrieved
6814:
6805:
6793:. Retrieved
6781:
6777:
6764:
6752:. Retrieved
6747:
6743:
6730:
6718:. Retrieved
6703:
6691:. Retrieved
6676:
6627:
6623:
6616:
6604:. Retrieved
6588:The Guardian
6587:
6578:
6566:. Retrieved
6562:the original
6557:
6548:
6536:. Retrieved
6522:
6512:September 4,
6510:. Retrieved
6501:
6491:
6479:. Retrieved
6465:
6453:. Retrieved
6416:
6412:
6362:
6358:
6348:
6333:
6328:
6302:
6296:
6284:. Retrieved
6280:
6275:IEA (2022).
6270:
6258:. Retrieved
6255:Carbon Brief
6254:
6244:
6232:. Retrieved
6228:
6218:
6206:. Retrieved
6203:The Guardian
6202:
6192:
6186:The Guardian
6185:
6169:
6161:the original
6152:E&E News
6150:
6140:
6128:. Retrieved
6084:
6080:
6069:
6048:
6036:. Retrieved
6020:The Observer
6019:
6009:
5982:
5978:
5968:
5957:, retrieved
5935:
5925:
5913:. Retrieved
5904:
5895:
5883:. Retrieved
5879:
5870:
5858:. Retrieved
5854:
5845:
5836:
5826:
5814:. Retrieved
5809:
5800:
5774:
5768:
5756:. Retrieved
5741:
5688:
5684:
5674:
5662:. Retrieved
5658:the original
5653:
5643:
5631:. Retrieved
5627:the original
5616:
5604:. Retrieved
5594:
5592:FAO (2006).
5587:
5575:. Retrieved
5561:
5549:. Retrieved
5545:
5535:
5518:
5514:
5493:. Retrieved
5484:
5460:. Retrieved
5457:Carbon Brief
5456:
5446:
5411:
5407:
5397:
5362:
5358:
5348:
5323:
5319:
5313:
5276:
5272:
5221:
5215:
5196:
5184:. Retrieved
5151:
5147:
5137:
5100:
5096:
5086:
5074:. Retrieved
5046:
5042:
5032:
5020:. Retrieved
4992:
4988:
4978:
4962:
4958:
4953:
4934:
4925:
4916:
4904:. Retrieved
4900:
4890:
4880:February 22,
4878:. Retrieved
4868:
4859:
4852:. Retrieved
4838:
4827:the original
4822:
4797:
4790:. Retrieved
4786:the original
4775:
4763:. Retrieved
4754:
4745:
4736:
4730:
4711:
4670:
4666:
4660:
4635:
4631:
4625:
4600:
4596:
4590:
4555:
4548:
4523:
4519:
4509:
4484:
4480:
4474:
4464:December 10,
4462:. Retrieved
4447:
4422:
4418:
4412:
4351:
4347:
4337:
4327:February 22,
4325:. Retrieved
4305:
4298:
4265:
4261:
4240:
4228:. Retrieved
4224:the original
4219:
4193:. Retrieved
4188:
4150:
4144:
4138:
4126:. Retrieved
4117:
4107:
4095:. Retrieved
4088:the original
4075:
4063:
4051:
4039:
4008:. Retrieved
3994:
3981:
3955:
3869:
3837:
3831:
3818:
3802:Methyl group
3792:Methanotroph
3592:
3578:
3574:
3570:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3504:
3488:
3480:Humphry Davy
3473:
3466:
3451:
3436:
3406:
3383:
3357:
3318:
3307:
3304:
3274:Solar System
3271:
3251:
3238:
3226:
3180:
3156:
3153:Turkmenistan
3149:The Guardian
3147:In May 2023
3146:
3135:
3108:
3105:
3049:beneath the
3041:
3025:
3018:
3003:
2970:
2961:
2957:interglacial
2947:
2935:
2932:
2905:
2898:
2863:
2851:
2797:
2770:or a methyl
2761:
2744:electrolysis
2734:
2703:
2688:
2680:electrolysis
2648:gas hydrates
2633:
2624:
2613:
2608:
2605:
2568:
2542:
2507:
2488:
2473:
2451:
2432:designation
2423:
2373:
2365:chlorination
2362:
2352:
2344:
2308:
2300:
2293:O ⇌ CO + 3 H
2250:
2229:
2181:. The lower
2156:
2151:
2134:, as in the
2119:
2117:
2049:
2042:
2026:
2002:
1928:
1895:as follows:
1887:
1876:
1862:
1827:
1796:Despite the
1795:
1708:
1696:deprotonated
1683:
1674:hydrocarbons
1671:
1643:
1639:alpha-oxygen
1580:
1571:halogenation
1556:
1532:
1509:
1502:
1487:
1464:
1444:astrobiology
1437:
1418:
1395:
1243:
1242:
1100:Autoignition
1028:
992:
959:
948:−891 kJ/mol
937:
913:
888:
861:
840:
751:Methyl anion
718:
700:
638:
634:
408:RTECS number
158:Identifiers
129:Other names
38:
11796:Bismuthanes
10223:Outer space
10133:Cosmic dust
10098:Abiogenesis
10010:Unconfirmed
9966:Heavy water
9806:Ethanethiol
9721:Cyanoallene
9711:Acetic acid
9681:Methylamine
9565:Diacetylene
9480:Formic acid
9470:Cyanomethyl
9128:Diazenylium
9118:CCP radical
8994:(molecular)
8978:(molecular)
8947:(molecular)
8808:Pilot light
8803:Gas turbine
8710:Gas carrier
8587:Natural gas
8552:Pintsch gas
8372:Tetracosane
8355:Heneicosane
8287:Heptadecane
8253:Pentadecane
8236:Tetradecane
7275:1874/366378
7017:November 3,
6693:November 7,
6390:1874/366386
5758:November 7,
5606:October 27,
5304:1874/366386
4153:: 645–661.
4097:December 4,
4010:November 7,
3841:reactions.
3747:Methanation
3716:Halomethane
3711:Thomas Gold
3462:Switzerland
3456:straddling
3284:processes.
3133:disasters.
3053:within the
3051:ocean floor
3010:gas venting
2939:agriculture
2889:troposphere
2820:hydrocarbon
2764:protonation
2426:refrigerant
2420:Refrigerant
2388:carbon sink
2303:endothermic
2231:Natural gas
2128:rocket fuel
2085:natural gas
2060:gas turbine
2052:natural gas
1672:Like other
1539:space group
1512:-butylthiol
1467:tetrahedral
1391:hydrocarbon
1364:natural gas
1102:temperature
1089:Flash point
987:Signal word
802:Tetrahedral
781:Point group
713:Henry's law
666:Soluble in
570:Appearance
532:Properties
307:100.000.739
269:ChEMBL17564
249:CHEBI:16183
149:Natural gas
13117:Categories
11819:Moscovanes
11684:Phosphenes
11546:Phosphanes
11344:Pnictogen
11301:Flerovanes
10452:Dihydrides
10402:(Group 2)
10138:Cosmic ray
10080:Silylidyne
10043:Hemolithin
10018:Anthracene
9935:Deuterated
9916:Pyrimidine
9726:Ethanimine
9589:Ketenimine
9445:Butadiynyl
9269:Thioformyl
9123:Chloronium
8791:Gas mantle
8781:Gas heater
8776:Gas engine
8766:Gas burner
8715:Gas holder
8389:Nonacosane
8321:Nonadecane
8304:Octadecane
7872:August 26,
7835:August 26,
7805:August 26,
7769:August 26,
7432:October 3,
6538:October 7,
6342:0534496725
5320:Pedosphere
4638:(1): 1–8.
4361:2201.04516
4230:August 22,
4058:, p. 3.578
4046:, p. 5.156
4034:, p. 3.344
3851:forsterite
3772:Methanogen
3760:atmosphere
3441:physicist
3394:atmosphere
3323:on future
3183:asphyxiant
3080:permafrost
3038:Clathrates
2986:(47%) and
2794:Occurrence
2600:See also:
2460:See also:
2440:Generation
2347:exothermic
2242:refineries
2089:megajoules
2009:chloroform
1904:→ HX + •CH
1834:Combustion
1828:Methane's
1816:Combustion
1763:superacids
1559:combustion
1520:atmosphere
1446:research.
1410:atmosphere
971:Pictograms
930:combustion
774:Structure
769:10 cm/mol
662:Solubility
656:22.7 mg/L
558:Molar mass
433:OP0UW79H66
280:ChemSpider
186:3D model (
165:CAS Number
12695:predicted
12639:predicted
12622:predicted
12351:predicted
12229:predicted
11888:Hydrogen
11835:predicted
11305:predicted
11277:Plumbanes
11241:Stannanes
10911:Annulenes
10813:predicted
10809:Nihonanes
10773:Thallanes
10738:Indiganes
10508:Group 13
10400:Alkaline
10070:Phosphine
9938:molecules
9871:fullerene
9771:Acetamide
9575:Formamide
9455:Cyanamide
9309:Acetylene
9284:Tricarbon
9195:Methylene
9180:Isoformyl
9085:Triatomic
8858:Molecules
8798:Gas stove
8720:Gas meter
8572:Water gas
8219:Tridecane
7899:CRC Press
7734:"methane"
7680:: 55–62.
7229:115442477
7150:Space.com
6954:: 43–56.
6784:: 13–20.
6652:1095-9203
6596:0261-3077
6444:1912/8978
6286:August 2,
6260:August 2,
6234:August 2,
6130:March 15,
6125:211194542
6109:1476-4687
6028:0029-7712
5915:March 30,
5715:1932-6203
5577:April 11,
5495:April 10,
5248:105761461
5176:129445357
5071:248018294
5017:244814932
4765:March 11,
4404:245877540
4195:March 15,
4128:March 20,
4114:"METHANE"
3938:Citations
3732:Lake Kivu
3532:méthylène
3501:Etymology
3413:acetylene
3308:Curiosity
3256:found on
3241:June 2024
3233:talk page
3191:landfills
3111:explosive
3012:from the
2876:Methane (
2843:sediments
2832:anaerobic
2621:Ruminants
2530:ruminants
2522:landfills
2376:pyrolysis
2239:petroleum
1963:peroxides
1945:(Br), or
1802:catalysts
1743:methanium
1715:methenium
1678:weak acid
1633:, copper
1626:catalyzed
1583:oxidation
1524:flammable
1471:C–H bonds
1402:reservoir
1336:with the
962:labelling
881:formation
855:Std molar
739:Methanium
583:Odorless
444:UN number
415:PA1490000
328:200-812-7
320:EC Number
143:Marsh gas
13133:Fuel gas
12608:< 1)
12154:Tellanes
11773:Stibanes
11168:Germanes
10703:Gallanes
10510:hydrides
10057:Linear C
10038:Graphene
9950:Ammonium
9751:Acrolein
9614:Propynal
9599:Methanol
9570:Ethylene
9439:Ammonium
9214:Nitroxyl
9038:Sulfanyl
8982:Imidogen
8976:Nitrogen
8945:Hydrogen
8890:Argonium
8867:Diatomic
8740:Odorizer
8725:Gasworks
8676:Hydrogen
8577:Wood gas
8547:Mond gas
8532:Blau gas
8505:Coal gas
8478:Fuel gas
8202:Dodecane
8185:Undecane
7863:Archived
7829:Archived
7796:Archived
7763:Archived
7717:Archived
7696:June 14,
7690:Archived
7575:Archived
7483:28981740
7426:Archived
7407:29880683
7343:29880682
7292:46952468
7284:29880670
7188:Archived
7155:Archived
7122:Archived
7089:Archived
7011:Archived
6978:Archived
6896:Archived
6720:April 8,
6714:Archived
6687:Archived
6668:14113328
6660:22246768
6606:July 14,
6600:Archived
6568:March 6,
6532:Archived
6506:Archived
6481:April 6,
6475:Archived
6449:Archived
6178:Archived
6117:32076219
6038:July 14,
6032:Archived
5909:Archived
5752:Archived
5733:33730064
5685:PLOS ONE
5664:March 2,
5633:July 15,
5600:Archived
5571:Archived
5569:. 2016.
5489:Archived
5485:phys.org
5438:29990451
5389:23100838
5205:Archived
5180:Archived
5129:26236303
5076:July 10,
5022:June 15,
4942:Archived
4906:March 7,
4854:June 14,
4848:Archived
4792:July 25,
4759:Archived
4719:Archived
4695:19900892
4617:26624076
4582:25707470
4540:29256242
4501:12797835
4458:Archived
4396:35865671
4321:Archived
4290:56457317
4122:Archived
4118:noaa.gov
4004:Archived
3855:fayalite
3849:between
3822:In 2013
3796:bacteria
3786:microbes
3644:See also
3634:kilogram
3567:methanol
3495:methanol
3484:firedamp
3131:jet fire
2953:ice ages
2854:pipeline
2828:nitrogen
2782:and dry
2774:such as
2726:gasoline
2644:sediment
2596:Wetlands
2510:biogenic
2369:methanol
2257:catalyst
2220:Terran R
2212:Starship
2204:Zhuque-2
2167:kerosene
2152:methalox
2118:Refined
1955:UV light
1939:chlorine
1935:fluorine
1893:radicals
1798:strength
1646:bacteria
1635:zeolites
1587:methanol
1581:Partial
1398:seafloor
1387:compound
1352:hydrogen
1179:Plumbane
1174:Stannane
1117:4.4–17%
1029:NFPA 704
953:Hazards
761:(χ)
715:constant
684:methanol
234:1718732
42:Methane
13123:Methane
12593:< 1)
12190:Polanes
12117:Selanes
12103:more...
11965:more...
11737:Arsanes
11670:more...
11479:more...
11134:Silynes
11105:Silenes
11091:more...
10967:Silanes
10891:alkynes
10886:alkenes
10881:alkanes
10519:Boranes
10203:Kerogen
10090:Related
10033:Glycine
9986:Propyne
9945:Ammonia
9843:Benzene
9838:Acetone
9830:or more
9801:Propene
9786:Ethanol
9676:Propyne
9495:Methane
9364:Ketenyl
9314:Ammonia
8660:Propane
8650:Autogas
8630:Bio-SNG
8496:History
8338:Icosane
8117:Heptane
8083:Pentane
8049:Propane
8019:Methane
8008:Alkanes
7923:Methane
7653:May 16,
7541:Bibcode
7461:Bibcode
7375:Bibcode
7366:Science
7321:Bibcode
7312:Science
7254:Bibcode
7245:Science
7212:Science
7194:June 8,
7161:June 7,
7128:June 7,
7095:June 7,
7042:Bibcode
6984:July 7,
6902:July 6,
6795:July 1,
6754:July 1,
6632:Bibcode
6624:Science
6421:Bibcode
6367:Bibcode
6208:July 5,
6089:Bibcode
5987:Bibcode
5724:7968649
5693:Bibcode
5416:Bibcode
5380:3450062
5328:Bibcode
5281:Bibcode
5186:May 23,
5156:Bibcode
5120:4505394
5103:: 725.
5051:Bibcode
4997:Bibcode
4926:Reuters
4703:5597392
4675:Bibcode
4667:Science
4640:Bibcode
4427:Bibcode
4387:9286428
4366:Bibcode
4270:Bibcode
3900:→ 12 Mg
3859:(Fe,Mg)
3843:Olivine
3776:archaea
3765:climate
3632:(mol),
3526:méthyle
3507:methane
3439:Italian
3423:History
3417:glucose
3364:olivine
3351:in the
3292:Methane
3282:abiotic
2975:of the
2802:, with
2714:lignite
2666:(SRB).
2640:aerobic
2518:Archaea
2476:abiotic
2255:-based
2216:Neutron
2124:used as
2081:heating
1943:bromine
1931:halogen
1900:•X + CH
1890:halogen
1865:= −891
1810:alkanes
1767:Cations
1654:oxidant
1652:as the
1650:nitrite
1505:odorant
1498:Neptune
1384:organic
1332:) is a
1244:Methane
1225:what is
1223: (
1169:Germane
1141:Propane
909:(Δ
857:entropy
717: (
688:acetone
680:toluene
676:benzene
668:ethanol
589:Density
384:PubChem
375:Methane
175:74-82-8
110:Methane
11493:Azenes
11355:Azanes
10668:Alanes
10254:Tholin
10075:Pyrene
9520:Silane
9490:Ketene
8992:Oxygen
8655:Butane
8567:Syngas
8522:Biogas
8168:Decane
8151:Nonane
8134:Octane
8100:Hexane
8066:Butane
8032:Ethane
7905:
7792:US EPA
7686:112588
7684:
7601:
7533:Icarus
7481:
7405:
7341:
7290:
7282:
7227:
6928:May 9,
6666:
6658:
6650:
6594:
6340:
6317:
6123:
6115:
6107:
6081:Nature
6026:
5950:
5929:IPCC.
5812:. 2022
5789:
5731:
5721:
5713:
5436:
5387:
5377:
5246:
5236:
5174:
5127:
5117:
5069:
5015:
4959:et al.
4701:
4693:
4615:
4580:
4570:
4538:
4499:
4402:
4394:
4384:
4313:
4288:
4068:Haynes
4056:Haynes
4044:Haynes
4032:Haynes
3974:
3916:+ 4 Fe
3896:O + CO
3892:+ 26 H
3884:+ 6 Fe
3686:Biogas
3636:, and
3520:Methyl
3515:methyl
3390:Saturn
3341:oxygen
2824:helium
2730:diesel
2636:anoxic
2573:(MCR).
2538:anoxic
2534:cattle
2480:strata
2430:ASHRAE
2413:kJ/mol
2384:biogas
2333:O ⇌ CO
2329:CO + H
2278:syngas
2261:nickel
2218:, and
2208:Vulcan
2193:, the
2148:YF-215
2146:, and
2144:Raptor
1961:(like
1947:iodine
1941:(Cl),
1924:X + •X
1741:, and
1680:. Its
1658:oxygen
1619:enzyme
1617:. The
1615:oxygen
1569:, and
1567:syngas
1494:Uranus
1473:. Its
1360:alkane
1348:carbon
1329:-thayn
1220:verify
1217:
1164:Silane
1146:Butane
1136:Ethane
993:Danger
822:
806:carbon
563:16.043
516:SMILES
358:C01438
260:ChEMBL
217:B01453
209:3DMet
100:Names
87:
81:
26:ETHANE
22:Ethane
13138:Fuels
10240:(PAH)
9828:atoms
9763:atoms
9703:atoms
9701:Eight
9631:atoms
9629:Seven
9537:atoms
9431:atoms
9301:atoms
9289:Water
9219:Ozone
9161:(HNC)
9155:(HCN)
8669:Other
8485:Types
7973:(PDF)
7866:(PDF)
7855:(PDF)
7799:(PDF)
7788:(PDF)
7682:JSTOR
7479:S2CID
7288:S2CID
7225:S2CID
6839:. BBC
6774:(PDF)
6740:(PDF)
6664:S2CID
6121:S2CID
6061:(PDF)
5244:S2CID
5172:S2CID
5067:S2CID
5013:S2CID
4830:(PDF)
4819:(PDF)
4699:S2CID
4613:S2CID
4400:S2CID
4356:arXiv
4286:S2CID
4185:(PDF)
4091:(PDF)
4084:(PDF)
3876:18 Mg
3845:is a
3551:methy
3458:Italy
3398:lakes
3386:Titan
3370:Titan
3310:rover
3262:Titan
3078:from
2885:AGAGE
2835:decay
2582:CSIRO
2560:+ 2 H
2552:+ 4 H
2526:soils
2424:As a
2411:74.8
2409:ΔH° =
2253:metal
2157:As a
2136:TQ-12
1937:(F),
1853:+ 2 H
1845:+ 2 O
1611:water
1368:Earth
1346:(one
808:atom
765:−17.4
706:1.09
692:water
491:InChI
448:1971
240:ChEBI
188:JSmol
9761:Nine
9429:Five
9339:HCCN
9299:Four
9259:SiNC
8754:Uses
8610:HCNG
7903:ISBN
7874:2020
7837:2020
7807:2020
7771:2020
7698:2016
7655:2021
7630:2024
7599:ISBN
7434:2016
7403:PMID
7339:PMID
7280:PMID
7196:2018
7163:2018
7130:2018
7117:NASA
7097:2018
7084:NASA
7019:2012
6986:2012
6930:2023
6904:2017
6871:2016
6845:2016
6822:2016
6797:2022
6756:2022
6750:(25)
6722:2010
6695:2012
6656:PMID
6648:ISSN
6608:2019
6592:ISSN
6570:2019
6540:2012
6514:2017
6483:2018
6457:2019
6338:ISBN
6315:ISBN
6288:2023
6262:2023
6236:2023
6210:2022
6154:via
6132:2023
6113:PMID
6105:ISSN
6054:IPCC
6040:2019
6024:ISSN
5961:2023
5948:ISBN
5917:2014
5905:NASA
5887:2023
5862:2023
5818:2023
5787:ISBN
5760:2012
5729:PMID
5711:ISSN
5666:2011
5635:2016
5608:2009
5579:2019
5553:2023
5497:2019
5464:2023
5434:PMID
5385:PMID
5234:ISBN
5188:2017
5125:PMID
5078:2022
5024:2022
4908:2014
4882:2014
4856:2019
4794:2009
4767:2016
4691:PMID
4578:PMID
4568:ISBN
4536:PMID
4497:PMID
4466:2019
4392:PMID
4329:2016
4311:ISBN
4232:2021
4220:IPCC
4197:2023
4130:2015
4099:2011
4012:2013
3972:ISBN
3924:+ CH
3912:(OH)
3853:and
3638:gram
3630:mole
3607:-C.
3579:-ina
3575:-ine
3571:-ane
3562:hyle
3546:μέθυ
3539:and
3511:-ane
3460:and
3409:life
3347:and
3305:The
3278:Mars
3268:Mars
3258:Mars
3072:PETM
3008:and
2977:IPCC
2919:leak
2826:and
2812:coal
2615:Rice
2556:→ CH
2524:and
2434:R-50
2267:and
2206:and
2175:soot
2140:BE-4
2095:per
2045:fuel
2039:Fuel
2023:Uses
2011:via
2007:and
1967:atom
1920:→ CH
1849:→ CO
1781:and
1692:DMSO
1609:and
1510:tert
1496:and
1481:and
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