807:
795:
1166:
1017:
1442:
1746:
955:
to prevent non-NEC machines from booting the OSes; it was commonly called an "EPSON check". In
September 1987, Epson introduced the PC-286V and the PC-286U and also released the BASIC Support ROM to add a BASIC interpreter to their computers. Epson also bundled the Software Installation Program which was a patch kit to remove the EPSON check. Both machines were received well due to their reasonable prices and better compatibility. In 1988, Epson made annual sales of 200,000 units and successfully established PC-98 clones in the Japanese PC market.
744:. The PC-100 did not sell well due to its time and high cost. Moreover, the marketing competed with the PC-98 of the Information Processing Group, which did not assure distributors. In December 1983, Ouchi decided that NEC would consolidate their personal computer business into two divisions: NEC Home Electronics to deal with the 8-bit home computer line, and Nippon Electric's Information Processing Group to deal with the 16-bit personal computer line. The Electronic Device Group passed off their personal computer business to NEC Home Electronics.
678:
1318:
1120:
1621:
1532:
1754:
529:
1301:
1700:
enterprise market, but Epson did not. Manufacturers of DOS/V computers began to get sales channels, and they became competitors for the PC-98 and its Epson clones. Nikkei
Personal Computing magazine reported in 1992 that "NEC has various opinions inside the company about the future PC-98, and it is doubtful whether the PC-98 will continue to be the domestic standard. The decline of the 98 compatible machine business may lead to the decline of the PC-98 itself".
5382:
5372:
670:
941:
774:
585:, and they did not want to produce more variants of Microsoft BASIC. Nishi told him, "Microsoft is rewriting a BASIC that has the same function with more structured internal code, and it will be sold as the definitive 16-bit version named GW-BASIC. We'll provide a BASIC sooner if you choose the Japanese adoption of GW BASIC." Hamada replied, "As I said, we want a BASIC that is compatible with the previous ones." They could not make an agreement.
56:
2814:, said, "The Japanese PC market is suffocating because of one company's dominance. There is no freedom. This is why its prices are 3-4 times as expensive as America's. To fulfill the same international price as America's, we really need the era of clone computers." A software company also complained that "although there are few excellent engineers in Japan, the more incompatible machines appear, the more development resources are divided."
65:
1675:
1418:; it does the opposite if it is booted from a hard drive. If the OS was installed on the hard drive, MS-DOS would assign the hard drive as drive "A:" and the floppy as drive "B:"; this would cause incompatibility among Windows PC applications, although it can be resolved with the SETUP command in Windows 95 by turning on the "/AT" switch to assign the Windows system drive to the standard "C:" drive.
884:
589:
discovered that the consumer market wanted a 16-bit machine compatible with both PCs. Hamada decided to adopt two plans for different markets. In April 1982, the small business personal computer became the NEC System 20 model 15, which used a proprietary 16-bit microprocessor. The machine was introduced as a new model of traditional business computers, so it was not notable.
395:. However, as Windows spread, software developers no longer had to code their software separately for each specific platform, and the PC-98 became regarded as one of the Windows-based machines like other IBM clones. The PC-98 adopted non-proprietary parts developed for IBM clones to reduce manufacturing costs. Due to the popularity of
1264:-based PC-9821Ra43 (with a clock frequency of 433 MHz, using a 440FX chipset-based motherboard design from 1998), which appeared in 2000. NEC announced that the PC-98 would be discontinued in 2003. 18.3 million of PC-98s shipped by the end of shipments in March 2004. The last version of Windows to support PC-98 is
2746:
hardware manufacturers didn't touch them. When we developed the PC-9800 series, we changed our method to make a conscious effort to grow them up". PC-98's large software library assured buyers that the machine could be used for all purposes, although most users actually purchased only a few major software.
2745:
Shunzo Hamada of NEC thought the biggest reason for the success of PC-98 was that NEC could get software companies to cooperate. He said, "Third-party suppliers of
Japanese PCs had already grown up to a certain extent. However, it was not because they were organized. They were born by themselves, and
1785:
applications, with the rest being a mix of graphic design, networking, word processing and games. The Nikkei
Personal Computing magazine reported in 1993 that most home users purchased PCs to complete office work at home. The publisher sent a questionnaire to 2000 readers, and out of 1227 readers who
1308:
All PC-98 desktop models use a 100-pin expansion slot. It has 16 data lines and 24 address lines. The bus frequency is fixed at 5, 8 or 10 MHz. The PC-H98 and PC-9821A series computers use a proprietary 32-bit local bus slot along with 16-bit slots. The 16-bit expansion bus was also called C-bus
1001:
The Nikkei
Personal Computing magazine stated in January 1992 that "users choose a PC with considering compatibility and expandability. The PC-9800 compatibles is the most popular, and the IBM PC/AT compatibles also gains their strong support. PC users are stubborn and conservative. We conclude these
954:
The PC-286 model 0 employs an Intel 80286 processor operating at 10 MHz - 25% faster than NEC's PC-9801VX using the same CPU at 8 MHz. In June 1987, NEC released a 10 MHz version of the PC-9801VX (VX01, VX21 and VX41 models). They added a BIOS signature check to their operating systems
832:
The gap in share of the personal computer market is growing. Even though the start was not limited to NEC only, why did this gap cause? It can be said that NEC has taken a positive attitude towards disclosing hardware and operating systems since the early period, and free for third parties to develop
498:
It is sure that we cannot deny contributions of
Electronic Devices Group as a parent of the personal computer. However, if personal computers are considered computers, Information Processing Group should handle them in NEC. Also, if personal computers are considered home electronics, we cannot deny a
2749:
Ichiran Kou, a computer consultant, pointed out that IBM influenced NEC's strategy. Since 1982, NEC had four personal computer lines, and they covered a wide price range, similar to IBM's mainframe business. However, NEC's computers had poor backward compatibility and as such was criticized by users
1715:
From 1992 to 1994, Epson sold about 200,000 units of PC-98 clones every year. As of 1994, Epson expected only 40% growth in their PC sales despite they expected 100% growth in their peripherals sales by 1995. However, Nikkei
Personal Computer magazine expected that Epson would continue manufacturing
728:
level 1 kanji (2,965 characters) font ROM, and was priced at 398,000 yen (about US$ 1,700 in 1983). It was positively received by engineers and businesses. Ozawa explained the reason why the PC-9801F used a 640 KB floppy drive, "For
Japanese business softwares, 320 KB is small, 640 KB is just barely
1861:
The PC-98 had many game titles designed for it, many of which made creative use of the system's limitations (as it was originally designed as a business machine) to great commercial success. Despite having hardware specifications inferior to the FM Towns and the X68000, the massive install base and
1252:
to support its IRQ, I/O and C-Bus. The Nikkei
Personal Computing magazine wrote, "The PC-98 features a number of MS-DOS applications, but there is no difference between PC-98 and PC/AT clones for using Windows 95. The status of the PC-98 series is not based on its hardware feature or the number of
354:. The range of the series was expanded, and in the 1990s it was used in a variety of industry fields including education and hobbies. NEC succeeded in attracting third-party suppliers and a wide range of users, and the PC-98 dominated the Japanese PC market with more than 60% market share by 1991.
3683:
Japanese
Information in Science, Technology, and Commerce: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Held by Gesellschaft Für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung in Co-operation with Japanisch Deutsches Zentrum Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz on 23-25 October 1989, in Berlin
2789:
were significantly developed in the PC-98 era. Because the PC-98 had a kanji character ROM, Japanese applications were developed for it, which influenced Japanese input methods being developed for them; the two built on each other. Software companies that developed games for the PC-98 immediately
1485:
video memory, allowing it to display 640 × 400 pixel graphics with 16 colors out of a palette of 4096. This video RAM is divided into pages (2 pages × 4 planes × 32 KB in 640 × 400 with 16 colors), and the programmer can control which page is written to and which page is output. The slave display
2821:, every Japanese personal computer had a short lifespan; NEC released a new model of the PC-98 every year. When the PC-9801VX01/21/41 models brought a new BASIC interpreter which supported the Enhanced Graphic Charger (EGC) chipset, most commercial software did not use it as they were written in
913:
to handle Japanese text. NEC did not expect it to become the first successful laptop computer. In Japan, a typical office layout is an open office that is made up of rows of tight desks, so laptop computers received a good reception from corporate customers. In the same month, NEC introduced the
823:
2.11 without a license fee between 1983 and 1987. ASCII and Microsoft allowed it to enter the market and compete with CP/M-86. NEC also let users buy a self-contained application package. It occupied half of the Japanese personal computer market at the end of 1983. As of March 1984, 700 software
588:
Hamada could not decide which plan they should develop, a small business computer or a personal computer, because the possibilities of Watanabe's plan was uncertain. While they were visiting software companies to collect and research applications for the PC-8001 and PC-8801, Hamada and Watanabe
1699:
In the 1980s, Epson's clones preceded NEC's in terms of its features such as performance and portability. In the early 1990s, Epson concentrated a line of low-priced computer which had low profit margins, but it did not sell well. This made resellers negative. Also, NEC had strong sales in the
475:, decided to develop a personal computer despite criticism from the Information Processing Group. The division only had a small distribution network of electronic parts stores, so they asked New Nippon Electric to sell the personal computers through their consumer distribution network.
2753:
NEC encouraged third-party developers as IBM did for the IBM PC. The basic hardware of PC-98 was also similar to the IBM PC, though it was not IBM compatible. Kou guessed that NEC avoided releasing an IBM compatible PC because the company was proud of developing an original mainframe.
604:
matched Microsoft's. It was unclear if the copyright law could apply to the bytecode. Nishi suggested to Hamada that NEC must have purchased the same amount of Microsoft's product as it corresponded to the license fee, and N88-BASIC(86) must show copyright notification for both
1736:
each worked on PC-98 clones, but all gave up. An executive of Sanyo said, "NEC paid far more attention to its copyright than we had imagined. We decided that the loss of our corporate image would be greater than its profit, and cancelled the 98 compatible machine business."
503:
In April 1981, NEC decided to expand their personal computer lines into three groups: New Nippon Electric, the Information Processing Group, and the Electronic Devices Group, with each specializing in a particular series. New Nippon Electric made 8-bit home computers
2825:. Many developers did not follow it because they wanted to make their software less dependent on a specific platform. A software developer said, "Using the special one (EGC) goes against the trend. I don't want to use it if new machines come out so frequently."
556:
did the product planning. The development team initially planned for the new personal computer to be a small version of the business computer line which originated from the 1973 NEAC System 100. Kazuya Watanabe stated that the personal computer must have
958:
In October 1987, Epson released the PC-286L which was a PC-98 compatible laptop before NEC started development of their own laptop. In March 1988, NEC released the PC-9801LV which was a 100% PC-98 compatible laptop. It was accomplished by three custom
766:, not MS-DOS, and was marketed by Fujitsu's Electronic Devices department instead of the Computers department. They modified their policies in mid-1985, but it was too late. In another incident, Fujitsu bundled a business software package with the
937:. NEC countered that the PC-286 model 0 lacked compatibility with the PC-98. Although it seemed NEC would not be able to win the lawsuit, Epson settled with NEC in November 1987 after considering the damage that would be done to their reputation.
970:, a true laptop computer which was light and battery operated. It made annual sales of 170,000 units. Four months later, NEC released the PC-9801N and branded it as the "98NOTE". The DynaBook started off well but the 98NOTE outsold it in 1990.
1562:
is based around these features, although in some PC-9801 models it is integrated with the motherboard. It was replaced by the PC-9801-26K to support the 80286 CPU. This became the most common sound card for playing in-game music on the PC-98.
785:
CPU clocked at 10 MHz, and was released in July 1985. The VM2 model shipped with two 5¼-inch 2HD floppy drives and supports both 2DD and 2HD floppy disks. It became the best-selling computer in Japan, with annual sales of 210,000 units.
432:(15.8%). NEC did not have a presence in the consumer market, and its subsidiary, New Nippon Electric (later NEC Home Electronics), had limited success with consumer products. NEC's Information Processing Group, which developed mainframes and
704:
drives, and it can run software developed for N88-BASIC with a few modifications. For new buyers, it required either an expensive 1232 KB 8-inch floppy drive or a smaller capacity 320 KB 5¼-inch floppy drive. The basic system can display
1078:
series. The higher display resolution and higher storage capacity allowed better graphics, but because of the PC-98's lack of hardware sprites, most of the games made for the system were slow-paced. As a result of this limitation, adult
914:
PC-98LT laptop computer. This model had poor compatibility with the PC-9801 and could not gain a significant profit. NEC understood, despite difficulties, that the PC-98 needed a new custom chipset to make the motherboard smaller.
1024:
In the early 1980s, home users chose 8-bit machines rather than 16-bit machines because 16-bit systems were expensive and designed exclusively for business. By the mid-1980s, the Japanese home computer market was dominated by the
362:
with its thousands of characters. In addition, Japanese computer manufacturers marketed personal computers that were based on each proprietary architecture for the domestic market. Global PC manufacturers, with the exception of
1329:
memory boards for C-bus are also available. The PC-9821Af introduced in 1993 shipped with standard 72-pin SIMMs, broke the 14.6 MB barrier, and supported memory up to 79.6 MB. Later desktop models shipped with standard SIMM or
729:
enough, and 1 MB is preferable. We want to choose a 1 MB floppy drive, but its 8-inch drive is expensive, and its 5-inch drive lacks reliability. So, we think 640 KB is the best choice. Also, it can read a 320 KB floppy disk".
440:
because they assumed microprocessors were not suitable for computing as they suffered from a lack of performance and reliability. However, the Electronic Device Sales Division developed the microprocessor evaluation kit
981:
to handle Japanese text by using special video chips, the Japanese keyboard, and software written for it. However, the AX could not break into the Japanese PC market due to its higher cost and less compatible software.
1181:
audio playback, MS-DOS 5.0A, and Windows 3.0A. In January 1993, PC-98 desktops were expanded into three lines: a high-performance Windows-based line named "98MATE", a low-priced MS-DOS line named "98FELLOW", and an
1711:
CPU running at 20 MHz, which was faster than NEC's flagship PC-9801FA, which had a 486SX running at 16 MHz. In January 1993, NEC released the 98MATE to compete with Epson's clones and DOS/V computers.
1473:, although early models provided the double-byte character set as an option. Each character has a variety of display options, including bits for secret, blinking, reverse, underline, and three intensity bits (
1465:, and the character generator generates a video signal from two bytes of the character code and a single byte of the attribute. The font ROM contains over 7,000 glyphs including the single-byte character set
997:
platform for home users. Both have rich graphics and sound capabilities in comparison to the basic configuration of PC-98. They enjoyed modest success, but not enough to threaten the domination of the PC-98.
2151:
1570:
FM synthesis and adds support for CD-quality PCM playback. The latter has a reasonable price and fully backward compatibility with the 26K sound card, so it gained strong support in PC games. Due to lack of
382:
operating system enabled IBM clones to display Japanese text by using a software font only, giving a chance for global PC manufacturers to enter the Japanese PC market. The PC-98 is a non-IBM compatible
2985:...its venerable PC 9800 series, which has sold more than 18 million units over the years, and is the reason why NEC has been the number one PC vendor in Japan for as long as anyone can remember.
724:. Its successor, the PC-9801F, employs an 8086-2 CPU, which can selectively run at a speed of either 5 or 8 MHz. The F2 model contains two 640 KB 5¼-inch 2DD (quad density) floppy drives, a
2742:
already had office automation with the PC-8000, but it lacked speed and kanji support. Then, the PC-9800 was released, and it was perfect, so distributors and users immediately switched to it."
1237:
overturned the dominance of the PC-98. The difference in the architecture was not only ineffective for platform-independent environments but also increasing development resources to adopt them.
468:
2738:
monitor. Both provided users with a more comfortable Japanese environment. A senior vice president of Otsuka Shokai (a computer distributor for enterprises) recalled that "early users such as
1325:
Many PC-9801 models can increase system memory by installing expansion boards, daughterboards, or proprietary SIMMs. They are limited to 14.6 MB, due to 24-bit address pins and reserve space.
2130:
Onboard PC-9801-26 sound hardware, GRCG; UV2 (1986) came with 384 KB of RAM; UV21 (1987) came with 640 KB of RAM; UV11 (1988) was 45% the size of the UV21 and had 73% lower power consumption
612:
The team considered third-party developers to be very important for the market's expansion. They provided 50–100 prototypes and technical information for independent companies without a fee.
2769:
handling games to be of minor importance, which made personal computers less attractive. He concluded that the actual value of personal computers must be found by not sellers but consumers.
770:(predecessor to FM-16β) which discouraged users from purchasing third-party software and forced them to use it for a specific purpose, which caused Fujitsu to fail to expand their platform.
2651:
Decoder (in C200/V and C233/V Model), built-in TV tuner, 13x CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive (read CD-ROM at 6x in C200/V Model and 8x in C233/V Model), 32 MB of RAM, 2x USB ports (in C233 Model)
1773:
The PC-98 was primarily used for businesses and industry in Japan from 1980s to mid-1990s. As of September 1992, out of 16,000 PC-98 software applications, 60% of them were corporate
1811:
PC-98 software generally ran from program and data disks (Disk 0 & 1 or A & B). For example, Ichitaro's system disk contained a runtime version of MS-DOS, main programs, an
841:
between 8 and 10 MHz and also offers an optional 8086 card because the V30 has different instruction cycles. The V30 has unique instructions which are not implemented in other
1819:) and its dictionary file. It used the entire space of an 1.2 MB floppy disk. In 1980s, most machines only had two floppy drives because HDDs were an expensive additional feature.
1586:
to resolve this, but the newer sound chip is not compatible with the older conventional sound cards. The PC-9801-118 (1995) sound card has both the YMF297 (hybrid of YM2608 and
399:, the demand for the PC-98 on which legacy applications depend had declined. In 1997, NEC abandoned compatibility with the PC-98 and released the PC98-NX series based on the
1056:
Towards the end of the 1980s, the Japanese PC game platform slowly shifted from PC-88 to PC-98, as the X68000 and the FM Towns also had a niche market. In the 1990s, many
3071:[Internationalization and International Competitiveness in Computer Companies (the 1950s to the 1990s) -Focusing on the Mainframe Business of IBM and Fujitsu-].
833:
software and peripherals. While the competitors adopted the same Microsoft's BASIC, they didn't disclose them. This difference in attitude is reflected in today's share.
1403:-inch floppy disks use the same logical format and data rate as 1232 KB 8-inch floppy disks. They became a non-standard format while formats brought by IBM PC/AT and
2750:
and software developers. After reforming personal computer lines in 1983, NEC began expanding the PC-9801 series and its number of models exceeded its competitors.
1539:
The first generation of PC-9801s (the E, F and M models) only have an internal buzzer. PC-9801U2 and later models can change the sound frequency by controlling the
1882:
1158:, causing a price war in the Japanese PC market. In 1993, Toshiba introduced DOS/V computers, Epson founded Epson Direct Corporation to sell DOS/V computers, and
781:
NEC introduced the PC-9801M2 that has two 5¼-inch 2HD floppy drives against the release of FM-16β. This model cannot read 2DD floppy disks. The PC-9801VM uses an
1214:
1002:
opinions are related to the slump in other PC sales including Fujitsu FMR, Sharp X68000, AX machines, Canon Navi and rapidly declining 8-bit machines like MSX."
2687:
561:, considered compatibility of peripheral devices with previous NEC PCs, and disclosed specifications of its expansion slot. In September 1981, Hamada requested
532:
Advert of NEC personal computers in 1982. From upper left, PC-6001, PC-8001, PC-8801, N5200, and PC-9801. The headline says "New release but useful right away."
700:
When the PC-9801 launched in 1982, it was initially priced at 298,000 yen (about US$ 1,200 in 1982 dollars). It can use PC-88 peripherals such as displays and
2937:
600:). A PC-9801 prototype was completed at the end of July 1982. The code of N88-BASIC (86) was written completely from scratch, but Nishi pointed out that the
508:), while the Information Processing Group made 16-bit business personal computers and the Electronic Devices Group made other personal computers such as the
4035:
1309:(Compatible Bus). The PC-9821Xf introduced in 1994 shipped with C-bus slots and PCI slots on the motherboard, replacing the proprietary local bus slot.
1049:
1292:
addressing, memory management and graphics output are also different. However, localized MS-DOS, Unix, OS/2, or Windows will still run on PC-9801s.
1686:
4307:
5421:
4974:
2718:
Western computers lacked Japanese support due to its display resolution and memory, so they could not get into the Japanese PC market until the
5083:
4998:
1127:
In the 1980s and early 1990s, NEC dominated the Japanese domestic PC market with more than 60% of the PCs sold as PC-9801 or PC-8801. In 1990,
1489:
The high-resolution machines (PC-98XA, XL and PC-H98) offered an 1120 × 750 display mode and aimed for tasks such as CAD and word processing.
339:
market, and, by 1999, more than 18 million units had been sold. While NEC did not market these specific machines in the West, it sold the NEC
3618:
929:
infringed their copyright. Epson canceled their PC-286 model 1-4 and released the PC-286 model 0 whose BIOS was made by another team under a
824:
packages were available for PC-98. In 1987, NEC announced one million PC-98s were shipped, and about 3,000 software packages were available.
4952:
1808:
was also ported to PC-98 first in 1986. 1 million copies of all Ichitaro versions and 500,000 copies of Lotus 1-2-3 were shipped by 1991.
1722:
Japan released the DualStation 386 SX/16 in 1990 which was both PC-9801 and IBM PC compatible, but it failed because of poor marketing.
748:
3066:
1143:
871:, which had similar hardware as early PC-98 models. However, NEC began selling an IBM clone (APC IV) outside Japan in 1986. By 1990,
1575:
support and poor sound drivers, it often has issues in Windows and created popping and clicking sounds. Late PC-9821 models use the
5171:
3949:
3919:
3823:
3722:
2010:
693:
of 5 MHz, with two μPD7220 display controllers (one for text, the other for video graphics), and was shipped with 128 KB of
5042:
2640:
898:
since the autumn of 1983, while their desktops were a failure in the Japanese PC market. In October 1986, they introduced the
5426:
4340:
3696:
3049:
1662:
and interface card kit was introduced for PC-98 in 1983. The PC-9801F3 and later models have a mouse interface. Although the
596:
N88-BASIC and designing N88-BASIC(86). After the team finished in March 1982, they started development on the PC-9801 (named
3535:
5036:
2761:
PC". He felt the PC-98 was an "ordinary" 16-bit personal computer, but it had plenty of games because it did not deny the
634:
display controller. Its architecture was similar to that of the PC-98, but it mostly ran the proprietary operating system
482:
in 1979, and it dominated 40% of the Japanese personal computer market in 1981. The vice president of NEC, Atsuyoshi Ōuchi
1894:
1422:
1372:
1912:
5411:
5416:
4898:
4866:
4841:
4783:
4671:
4598:
4524:
4076:
3767:
3664:
3602:
3573:
3393:
3359:
3327:
3269:
3178:
3150:
2921:
1210:
806:
615:
In 1981, the Terminal Units Division of the Information Processing Group also launched the personal computer series
5088:[Model number (computers) - PC-9800 - NEC - Retro PC - Retro Computer People] (in Japanese). Archived from
5022:
2947:
2034:
level 1 kanji characters in ROM; F1 and F2 came with 128KB of RAM; F3 came with 256 KB of RAM and a 10 MB hard disk
5406:
1691:
1186:
desktop line named "98MULTi". PC-98s were still popular among Japanese users because they had many applications.
1041:
was the most popular genre for PC-98, which took advantage of higher clock speed and larger memory reserves. The
794:
4047:
1285:
2765:. He theorized that Fujitsu did not consider the 16-bit personal computer as a game platform, and considered
1900:
1454:
762:
CPU at 8 MHz and a 1.2 MB 5¼-inch 2HD (high density) floppy drive. The FM-16β failed because it bundled
4957:
3475:
2413:
1566:
The PC-9801-26K was succeeded by the PC-9801-73 (1991) and PC-9801-86 (1993) sound card, which employs the
1198:
2711:
NEC succeeded in attracting many third-party suppliers and dominated software production and distribution.
1954:
Partial list of PC-98 models sold in the Japanese market (no 1992-2000 models, no notebook models, etc.).
5164:
1930:
1540:
1253:
softwares and peripherals, but its strength in promotion, parts procurement and faith in the NEC brand."
1218:
1068:
1057:
581:. Three months later, Nishi rejected Hamada's request because Microsoft was busy with the development of
358:
lacked sufficient graphics capabilities to easily handle Japan's multiple writing systems, in particular
17:
1189:
NEC managed to adopt industrial standards and reduce costs. From 1993 to 1995, the PC-98 adopted 72-pin
4301:
1497:
1482:
1458:
1260:
and was Windows-based IBM PC compatible but not DOS/V compatible. The PC-9801's last successor was the
1249:
1093:
2058:
M1: 2 internal 2HD (1.2 MB) 5.25" floppy drives; M2: 1 internal 2HD 5.25" floppy drive and a 20 MB HD
1946:) kept it as the favored platform for PC game developers in Japan until the rise of the DOS/V clones.
1918:
4966:
2811:
1797:
697:
that can be expanded to 640 KB. Its 8-color display has a maximum resolution of 640×400 pixels.
456:
5089:
4990:
2822:
2591:
1240:
During the development of Windows 95, NEC sent an average of 20 engineers to Microsoft's office in
1202:
737:
3622:
1461:
respectively. The master display controller provides video timings and the memory address for the
1256:
In 1997, NEC introduced the PC98-NX series as a main personal computer line that conformed to the
1165:
1936:
1486:
controller synchronizes with the master, so the text screen can be overlapped onto the graphics.
1411:
1410:
The PC-98 supports up to four floppy drives. If the system is booted from a floppy drive, MS-DOS
1016:
963:
chips. These chipsets are also used in other desktops such as the PC-9801UV11 and the PC-9801RA.
686:
487:
420:
since the 1950s. By 1976, the company had the 4th highest mainframe sales (10.4%) in Japan after
193:
4161:
3680:
Datenverarbeitung, Gesellschaft für Mathematik und; Berlin, Japanisch Deutsches Zentrum (1990).
1666:
became popular among IBM PC clones in the 1990s, the bus mouse was used until the end of PC-98.
5385:
5375:
5157:
2874:
2458:
1257:
400:
347:
31:
3681:
3225:
1519:
86C928. Video cards for C-bus, local bus and PCI are also available from other manufacturers.
455:, a developer of the TK-80, observed the rise in popularity of personal computers at the 1977
5332:
5200:
4737:
4652:
4484:
3444:
2782:
2727:
1778:
1576:
1404:
1277:
1062:
1038:
3001:
1217:
card slots. NEC had outsourced manufacturing of motherboards to Taiwanese companies such as
646:
and was distinguished within personal computer lines. For this market, Fujitsu released the
372:
4657:
3755:
3449:
3080:
2795:
2537:
1782:
1632:
XFER and five function keys. Later models have some minor changes: NFER, 15 function keys,
1580:
1572:
1206:
1139:
694:
639:
287:
5031:
4698:
4431:
3759:
3748:
1103:. After the PC-98 declined, many Japanese PC game developers shifted the game platform to
845:
processors. Some PC-98 applications use them, so the PC-9801VX (1986) was designed to run
8:
4357:
4278:
2786:
1812:
1629:
1605:
1555:
1462:
1441:
1346:
1011:
853:
and a V30. The PC-9801DA (1990) does not have this, but its clock speed is configurable.
593:
2157:
640×400 resolution with 16 colors chosen from among 4096; VX4/WN bundled MS-DOS 3.1 and
528:
4926:
3939:
3909:
3813:
3712:
2943:
2194:
Reduced size by 12% in comparison to the 9801VX, covered floppy drives to dampen sound
1906:
1801:
1745:
1593:
1194:
1104:
800:
Usage share of personal computers at home as of 1989, 509 Japanese businessmen answered
1703:
In May 1992, Epson released a high performance machine, the PC-486GR. It has a 32-bit
925:
and named it the PC-286 series. NEC investigated and sued Epson on the claim that its
5048:
4953:
Innovation and Control in Standards Architectures: The Rise and Fall of Japan's PC-98
4930:
4894:
4862:
4837:
4811:
4779:
4712:
4629:
4594:
4561:
4520:
4465:
4336:
4260:
4230:
4200:
4139:
4072:
4043:
4017:
3983:
3891:
3858:
3763:
3692:
3660:
3598:
3569:
3513:
3479:
3421:
3389:
3355:
3323:
3296:
3265:
3206:
3174:
3146:
3142:
3107:
3045:
2917:
2757:
Yasuhiro Uchida, a literature professor, wrote an essay titled "Users chose the most
1888:
1871:
1843:
1774:
1725:
1716:
PC-98 clones for a while because NEC had kept a 50% share of the Japanese PC market.
1628:
The first PC-9801 model has the same keyboard layout as the PC-8801's except it adds
1289:
1244:. Even though the PC-98 uses some IBM clone components, Windows requires the special
1174:
1074:
934:
930:
562:
437:
392:
336:
279:
265:
89:
4378:
2116:
640×400 resolution with 8 colors (16 colors optional) chosen from a palette of 4096
2097:
640×400 resolution with 8 colors (16 colors optional) chosen from a palette of 4096
1590:) and the WSS audio, but its PCM playback is not compatible with the 86 sound card.
1349:, but their I/O ports and memory addressing are quite different from normal PC-98s.
837:
NEC took care to maintain compatibility and inheritance. The PC-9801VM can select a
677:
346:
The PC-98 was initially released as a business-oriented personal computer which had
30:"PC 98" redirects here. For the 1998 computer guideline by Microsoft and Intel, see
5227:
4034:
3287:
3076:
2778:
2735:
2637:
2529:
1804:, was released in 1985 and ported to other machines in 1987. A Japanese version of
1609:
1053:
series were particularly popular and they established PC-98 as a PC game platform.
946:
922:
717:
368:
164:
2430:
1.6 to 3.6 MB of RAM, 86 sound card (optional), supports 1.44MB 3.5" floppy disks
387:-based computer and is thus capable of running ported (and localized) versions of
5353:
5026:
2968:
2739:
2734:, said two advantages that the PC-98 had were its kanji character memory and non-
2609:
1827:
1478:
1326:
1317:
1177:
PC, the PC-9821 which contained an Intel 386SX processor, a CD-ROM drive, 16-bit
1119:
974:
960:
940:
895:
838:
710:
558:
78:
4093:
1481:). The other display controller is set to slave mode and connected to 256 KB of
378:
By 1990, average CPUs and graphics capabilities were sufficiently improved. The
5232:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5133:
2834:
1942:
1281:
1088:
721:
566:
513:
509:
505:
351:
255:
3784:
1781:), 10% of them were operating systems and development tools, 10% of them were
1753:
1620:
1531:
1450:
1421:
The PC-98 uses several different interfaces of hard drives. Early models used
867:
While NEC did not market these specific machines in the West, it sold the NEC
631:
5400:
5252:
5105:
4934:
4815:
4633:
4565:
4469:
4264:
4234:
4204:
4143:
4021:
3987:
3895:
3862:
3517:
3483:
3425:
3300:
3210:
2578:
2533:
1987:
1708:
1567:
1548:
1245:
1183:
978:
910:
825:
652:
460:
433:
1511:
In 1993, NEC introduced a 2D Windows accelerator card for PC-98, called the
812:
Usage share of 36165 personal computers in 937 Japanese companies as of 1989
685:
The first model, the PC-9801, launched in October 1982, and employs an 8086
335:
from 1982 to 2000. The platform established NEC's dominance in the Japanese
5242:
3120:
3022:
1924:
1847:
1787:
1719:
1551:
1300:
1265:
1084:
1030:
2560:
850 MB hard disk, built-in TV tuner, MS-DOS 6.2/Windows 3.1 pre-installed
2009:
Essentially the same as PC-9801, integrated logical circuits into several
1357:
Early PC-9801 models supported 1232 KB 8-inch floppy drives and/or 640 KB
753:
3241:
2472:
2328:
2185:
2158:
2141:
1876:
1805:
1583:
1516:
1426:
1415:
1043:
1026:
850:
846:
759:
701:
690:
643:
35:
5019:
3847:
ASCII EXPRESS : 日本電気がPC-9800シリーズの新機種を発表、PC-9801UV21互換のラップトップを含む3機種。
3041:
2708:
NEC responded quickly to the new demand for business personal computers.
1375:
lines and I/O ports. Later models support both interfaces. High density
5327:
5207:
5195:
4103:
2619:
2031:
1867:
1559:
1544:
1470:
1466:
1234:
1080:
1060:
were developed for the PC-98 or imported from other platforms, such as
994:
741:
725:
706:
669:
647:
627:
578:
574:
517:
396:
364:
340:
198:
42:
1596:
released a music production starter kit for PC-98, which combines the
856:
NEC focused heavily on financing advertisements and exhibitions, from
773:
221:
5257:
4742:
4489:
3688:
3539:
3006:
2879:[PC-9800 Series Discontinuation Notification] (in Japanese).
2731:
2575:
2052:
1704:
1663:
1659:
1637:
1474:
1136:
904:
842:
606:
570:
417:
355:
2714:
NEC adopted Microsoft's MS-DOS as an operating system for the PC-98.
2409:
3.6 MB of RAM, onboard 86 sound, supports 1.44 MB 3.5" floppy disks
1800:, a Japanese word processor for the PC-98 and considered one of its
1233:
Aside from other Japanese domestic platforms which had disappeared,
1135:
operating system which enabled displaying Japanese text on standard
5348:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5070:[With98 : PC-98 Data Bank] (in Japanese). (unofficial)
4991:"From Chaos to Competition - Japan's PC industry in transformation"
4557:
3565:
3170:
2849:
2818:
2807:
2723:
1791:
1733:
1034:
990:
950:
August 1987 issue. The headline says "Offices know the real thing."
658:
621:
601:
582:
536:
In the Information Processing Small Systems Division, Shunzō Hamada
210:
55:
4464:(in Japanese). 1994-09-12. Nikkei Business Publications: 136–142.
4138:(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications: 132–137. 1993-06-21.
4016:(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications: 110–115. 1992-02-03.
3982:(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications: 130–145. 1993-03-15.
2416:, 640×480 resolution with 256 colors, MS-DOS 5.0A-H pre-installed
1863:
64:
2791:
2662:
2644:
2605:
2066:
1855:
1851:
1823:
1520:
1501:
1492:
The PC-9801U (optional) and VM introduced a custom chipset GRCG (
1261:
1241:
1222:
1159:
891:
868:
782:
763:
577:
processor, and Nishi replied, saying that he wanted to talk with
479:
429:
425:
178:
170:
5149:
1674:
883:
5274:
2839:
2766:
2722:
and faster computers came out; for example, IBM Japan sold the
2648:
2525:
2433:
Hard disk: none or 80 MB with IDE, MS-DOS 5.0A-H pre-installed
2395:
640x480 resolution with 256 colors, Windows 3.0A pre-installed
2387:
1831:
1766:
1587:
1201:
storage drives, a 640×480 DOS screen mode, 2D GUI acceleration
1147:
1020:
Japanese domestic PC shipments by bit designs from 1983 to 1993
986:
899:
820:
733:
445:, which became unexpectedly popular among hobbyists. Tomio Gotō
388:
328:
324:
233:
174:
4404:
3068:コンピュータ企業における国際化と国際競争力(1950年代~1990年代まで) -IBMと富士通のメインフレーム事業を中心に-
2730:. Yoshihiko Hyodo, a programmer who developed the text editor
2685:
1146:(OADG) organized by IBM Japan and Microsoft. In October 1992,
5247:
4585:[The history of PC-9801 series traced by Ichitaro].
3791:
2719:
1835:
1758:
1729:
1682:
1597:
1547:. The PC-8801mkIISR home computer, introduced in 1985, has a
1132:
1108:
1099:
918:
767:
714:
616:
442:
379:
359:
321:
186:
5122:
5085:モデルナンバー (本体) - PC-9800 - NEC - レトロPC - Retro Computer People
4485:"AST Announces Dual Operating System PC For Japanese Market"
2810:
the Japanese computer market. Takayoshi Shina, a founder of
1786:
answered, 82% of users used it for word processing, 72% for
3880:
PRODUCTS SHOWCASE : 低価格386マシン&ソフトも一新 PC-9801RAシリーズ
2844:
2601:
2510:
Built-in TV tuner, MS-DOS 5.0A-H/Windows 3.1 pre-installed
2468:
1839:
1816:
1762:
1601:
1430:
1331:
1190:
966:
In July 1989, Toshiba released the J-3100SS branded as the
926:
626:, which was branded as the "personal terminal". It used an
182:
5123:
Neko Project II, a PC-98 emulator for Windows and Mac OS X
5110:[Naochima-ya - Old catalogue museum] (in Japanese)
5064:
2467:
7.6 MB of RAM, broke 14.6 MB memory barrier, JEDEC 72-pin
1696:
between 1987 and 1995, as well as compatible peripherals.
1280:
in many ways; for instance, it uses its own 16-bit C-bus (
5180:
3202:
2880:
2854:
2613:
2075:
Included JIS level 1 and level 2 kanji characters in ROM
1633:
1178:
1128:
421:
384:
332:
4738:"West tries to meet East: Chinese characters on HP 3000"
4280:
PCIバス用 S3社Savage2000搭載 DVI出力対応グラフィックアクセラレータ GA-S2K32/PCI
2277:
Onboard 26K sound, software menus replaced DIP switches
1993:
640×400 8 colors, 2 external 8" floppy drives (optional)
1883:
YU-NO: A Girl Who Chants Love at the Bound of this World
592:
In February 1982, the software development team started
4967:"DOS/V: The Soft(ware) Solution to Hard(ware) Problems"
3679:
2340:
F means "File slot", proprietary memory expansion slot
1523:
7.0a is the last official supported version for PC-98.
819:
NEC permitted software companies to bundle a subset of
4810:(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications: 180–190.
4229:(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications: 160–164.
4199:(in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications: 182–187.
3536:"Lotus Perseveres to Unveil Japanese Version of 1-2-3"
1822:
NEC provided a variety of operating systems including
709:
characters including numbers, English characters, and
3239:"Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier",
2702:
established the nation of Japanese personal computers
1142:
adapters. Other Japanese PC manufacturers joined the
878:
4766:
4764:
4123:
4121:
4119:
2910:
PC-9800シリーズの生みの親が語る「日本標準機」の誕生秘話 : NEC 小澤昇インタビュー
343:, which had similar hardware to early PC-98 models.
4036:
Japan Electronic Industries Development Association
3226:"Retro Japanese Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier"
1445:
Drawing 8 color characters and 16 color background.
973:Microsoft and other PC manufacturers developed the
4593:] (in Japanese). ASCII. 2004. pp. 87–92.
3747:
3002:"U.S. computer companies: Get off your high horse"
1558:and BASIC sound commands. The optional PC-9801-26
1169:"Which is the PC you want to buy next?" (May 1993)
478:The Electronic Device Sales Division launched the
5047:[PC Museum] (in Japanese). Archived from
4916:ハード最前線:日本電気PC-9800VX01/21/41/41WN 互換機巻き返しは高速化マシンで
4761:
4116:
3456:
3341:
3339:
849:and V30 selectively. The PC-9801RA (1988) has an
5398:
4577:
4575:
3786:業界タイムマシン19XX--Trip11:セイコーエプソン vs. NEC PC-98互換機騒動
1162:started selling DOS/V computers branded as FMV.
4893:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・ニュース社. pp. 124–127.
4673:Insider's Eye:速報:Windows 2000製品版CD-ROMの内容 - @IT
3874:
3872:
3841:
3839:
3659:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・ニュース社. pp. 130–137.
3529:
3527:
3407:
3405:
3388:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・ニュース社. pp. 128–129.
2794:platform. He believed most programmers learned
1414:to all of the floppy drives before considering
463:. Goto and his section manager, Kazuya Watanabe
311:
291:
4379:"DTMのルーツ、1988年に登場したミュージくんの衝撃|藤本健の "DTMステーション""
4155:
4153:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3336:
3264:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・ニュース社. pp. 94–105.
2916:(in Japanese). ASCII. 2004. pp. 114–120.
2806:In the late 1980s, competitors accused NEC of
2671:24x CD-ROM drive, 32 MB of RAM, 8 GB hard disk
2037:Internal 2DD (640KB/720KB) 5.25" floppy drive
1643:
1508:). It had raster operations and bit shifting.
1337:The PC-98XA (1985) and its successors, called
549:
539:
485:
466:
448:
305:
5165:
4961:, Vol. 11, No. 2, June 2000, pp. 197–216
4830:アメリカで辛酸を嘗め思考を180度転換したことがPC-9800シリーズへの成功へつながった
4572:
3611:
3597:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・ニュース社. pp. 90–91.
3533:
3463:松岡, 資明; 中川, 貴雄; 礒田, 温之; 西村, 裕 (1989-04-10).
3354:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・ニュース社. pp. 58–59.
3322:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・ニュース社. pp. 76–89.
3101:
3099:
3097:
2680:
2612:3D accelerator, 3 to 6 GB hard disk, 2x
1173:In November 1992, NEC introduced a mid-range
27:Series of PCs by NEC, sold primarily in Japan
4778:(in Japanese). ASCII. 2004. pp. 17–21.
4540:
4538:
4536:
3869:
3836:
3653:パソコン産業"互換機元年" 真の「ユーザー利益」は、「企業利益」追求の互換機ビジネスから
3524:
3402:
3223:
3127:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2636:28 inch (in C200 Model) or optional 32 inch
2478:510 MB hard disk, Windows 3.1 pre-installed
2150:640 KB RAM, EGC (Enhanced Graphic Charger),
1604:interface card and a MIDI editing software.
4880:
4878:
4822:
4482:
4150:
3637:
3368:
3316:ドキュメント・NECのPC戦略―市場制覇への道を切り拓いた戦士達 その決断と挑戦の歴史
3192:
3190:
1862:steady flow of game titles (in particular "
1114:
736:in October 1983 and attempted to present a
5172:
5158:
4964:
4920:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
4861:(in Japanese). 日本工業新聞社. pp. 162–167.
4836:(in Japanese). ASCII. 2004. pp. 4–9.
4805:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
4735:
4591:Coming back the legend of PC-9801 Volume 1
4519:(in Japanese). 日本工業新聞社. pp. 205–206.
4459:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
4224:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
4220:NECはWin 95で98らしさをだせたか―ほとんどなくなった98とDOS/Vの違い
4194:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
4133:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
4011:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
3977:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
3503:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
3469:Nikkei-Pasokon = Nikkei Personal Computing
3094:
732:The Electronic Devices Group launched the
63:
54:
4965:Myers, Steven; Smith, Greg (March 1995).
4533:
3512:. Nikkei Business Publications: 178–182.
3196:
2895:
1371:-inch floppy drives. Each used different
4875:
4376:
4071:(in Japanese). ASCII. pp. 121–125.
4042:(in Japanese). コンピュータ・エージ社. p. 31.
3462:
3258:NECのハード開発戦略 ユーザーをとらえた「互換性と継承性の追求」優先の製品開発
3187:
2790:expanded the video game business on the
2647:3D accelerator (in C166 Model), DVD and
1752:
1744:
1673:
1619:
1530:
1500:in parallel. The PC-9801VX introduced a
1440:
1316:
1299:
1164:
1118:
1015:
1005:
939:
882:
772:
676:
668:
527:
5037:Info about NEC PC-9801M with uPD8086D-2
4163:小高輝真の「いまどきの98」 : PC-9800からPC98-NXへ
3950:Information Processing Society of Japan
3920:Information Processing Society of Japan
3824:Information Processing Society of Japan
3723:Information Processing Society of Japan
2700:A journalist explained in 1988 how NEC
2016:2 external 8" floppy drives (optional)
1154:compared to the lowest priced PC-98 at
875:PC-9800/9801 units were sold in Japan.
224:, 640 × 400 with 16 colors (from 4096)
14:
5422:Computer-related introductions in 1982
5399:
5032:PC 9801, the first model of the series
4455:戦略研究 セイコーエプソン: 販売上向くも収益低下で正念場に立つ98互換路線
4402:
4095:激動の平成デジタルガジェット史 第2回:平成4~6年(1992~1994年)
3036:SE編集部 (2010). "4. DOS/VとWindowsの時代".
2524:7.6 MB of RAM, 1x to 4x CD-ROM drive,
664:
5153:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3967:
3965:
3499:トピック・レポート ソフト:機能不足が表面化,老兵「MS-DOS2.11」
3217:
3035:
2999:
2494:MS-DOS 6.2/Windows 3.1 pre-installed
546:directed the project and Noboru Ozawa
4988:
2995:
2993:
2588:PC-9821 Valuestar V Series V166-V233
1150:released a DOS/V computer priced at
1144:PC Open Architecture Developer Group
657:in 1981, and IBM Japan released the
4483:Li Nakamura, Roxanna (1990-04-16).
3782:
2412:Hard disk: none or 120-510 MB with
1423:Shugart Associates System Interface
331:personal computers manufactured by
24:
4945:
4913:
4857:戸塚, 正康 (1991). "7万本のソフト資産を持つIBM".
4856:
4798:
4699:"Photo of motherboard of PC-9801M"
4514:
4355:
4217:
4187:
4159:
4129:パソコンユーザー実態調査 第1部 個人編 他機種を引き離すPC-98
4091:
4062:
3994:
3962:
3741:
3650:
3588:
3559:
3496:
3379:
3345:
3313:
3255:
3105:
3064:
2092:256 KB RAM, GRCG (Graphic Charger)
1986:128 KB RAM, 6 C-bus slots, larger
1765:8 input method editor, running on
1469:and the double-byte character set
977:specification in 1987. It allowed
879:Race with laptops and PC-98 clones
713:, so most users added an optional
499:proposal from New Nippon Electric.
25:
5438:
5179:
5013:
4884:
4801:PC-9800はどこへ行く 第2部 緩やかに進化したベストセラー機
2990:
2643:TV Monitor, 3 or 4 GB hard disk,
2630:Pentium MMX @ 166 to 233 MHz
1636:status indicators, and replacing
371:, and the Japanese PC market was
69:PC-9801 with 8-inch floppy drives
5381:
5380:
5371:
5370:
5065:"With98 : PC-98 Dētabanku"
3228:. Hardcore Gaming 101. p. 2
2654:Windows 95 OSR2.1 pre-installed
2447:Essentially the same as PC-9821
2390:drive, onboard 86 sound hardware
2320:No /U means 5.25" floppy drives
2301:No /U means 5.25" floppy drives
2282:No /U means 5.25" floppy drives
1913:Hiōden: Mamono-tachi tono Chikai
1295:
1276:The PC-98 is different from the
1111:distributed by computer stores.
1087:appeared as a revival of 1980's
921:announced the first PC-98 clone
805:
793:
5001:from the original on 2017-01-16
4977:from the original on 2017-01-15
4907:
4850:
4792:
4736:Freiberger, Paul (1982-11-08).
4729:
4705:
4691:
4664:
4640:
4607:
4508:
4476:
4446:
4424:
4396:
4370:
4349:
4321:
4310:from the original on 2002-08-03
4294:
4271:
4241:
4211:
4181:
4085:
4056:
4028:
3932:
3902:
3806:
3776:
3735:
3705:
3673:
3582:
3553:
3490:
3465:調査:パソコン・シェア 企業はPS/55、家庭はPC-9800
3432:
3307:
3278:
3249:
3159:
3135:秋葉原ビットイン誕生秘話 : 渡邊和也氏インタビュー
1669:
1091:and gained popularity, such as
4951:Joel West and Jason Dedrick, "
4452:
4432:"EPSON PC's DATABASE TOP PAGE"
3058:
3029:
2961:
2930:
2867:
2229:2 2HD/2DD 5.25" floppy drives
2213:2 2HD/2DD 5.25" floppy drives
2197:2 2HD/2DD 5.25" floppy drives
2114:2 2HD/2DD 5.25" floppy drives
2013:, mini DIN keyboard connector
1895:Mayonaka no Tantei Nightwalker
1707:for graphic processing and an
1407:became the industry standard.
523:
293:Pī Shī Kyūsen Happyaku Shirīzu
13:
1:
4560:: 64–164. 15 September 1993.
4546:特別企画 : 98とともに歩く、これからの10年
4007:なぜ広がらない98互換機ビジネス「幻の98互換機」があった
3440:日電ビジネス用パソコン好調―単一モデル1年で21万台出荷。
3000:Alsop, Stewart (1991-07-29).
2975:. 54–59. LINC Japan: 18. 1999
2860:
2528:MGA-II video accelerator, 2x
2263:2 2HD/2DD 3.5" floppy drives
2246:2 2HD/2DD 3.5" floppy drives
2177:2 2HD/2DD 3.5" floppy drives
2133:2 2HD/2DD 3.5" floppy drives
1761:for typing Japanese with the
1608:developed a C-bus variant of
1050:Romance of the Three Kingdoms
933:; it did not have a built-in
609:and NEC. Hamada approved it.
411:
367:, had failed to overcome the
5427:1982 establishments in Japan
4958:Information Systems Research
4377:Fujimoto, Ken (2013-08-22).
4335:(in Japanese). ASCII. 2007.
3534:Edward Warner (1986-09-08).
3476:Nikkei Business Publications
3079:. p. 91. Archived from
2801:
2695:
2690:
2608:drive, 32 MB of RAM, Matrox
758:in December 1984. It has an
7:
3285:"LOAD TEST: PC-9801F / E".
2828:
2798:on the PC-98 at that time.
2318:/U means 3.5" floppy drives
2299:/U means 3.5" floppy drives
2280:/U means 3.5" floppy drives
1874:, as well as games such as
1740:
1650:alternate action switches.
1615:
1541:programmable interval timer
1457:) with 12 KB and 256 KB of
1436:
1321:4 MB memory board for C-bus
1271:
1058:computer role-playing games
720:board for using a Japanese
312:
292:
114:; 31 years ago
101:; 41 years ago
10:
5443:
5020:Intro to NEC PC-9800 World
4889:. In コンピュータ・ニュース社 (ed.).
4515:戸塚, 正康 (1991). "98互換機の夢".
4410:[PC-98 Keyboard].
4303:DirectX Home Page - ダウンロード
4249:新機種緊急レポート : PC-9801VX
4190:第2特集 : 浸透する台湾パソコン(前編)
3655:. In コンピュータ・ニュース社 (ed.).
3384:. In コンピュータ・ニュース社 (ed.).
3350:. In コンピュータ・ニュース社 (ed.).
3260:. In コンピュータ・ニュース社 (ed.).
2681:Timeline of PC-9801 models
2565:PC-9821Cx3 (98Multi Canbe)
2543:Hard disk: 270 to 1000 MB
2450:Windows 3.1 pre-installed
2124:NEC V30 @ 8 or 10 MHz
2095:2 2DD 5.25" floppy drives
1352:
1228:
1009:
638:. NEC introduced it as an
406:
40:
29:
5412:8086-based home computers
5366:
5341:
5273:
5266:
5188:
5143:
5138:
5130:
5067:With98 : PC-98データバンク
4989:Boyd, John (April 1997).
4887:IBM大型機の影響が見えるNECのパソコン開発戦略
4772:PC業界キーパーソンが語る 思い出のPC-9801
4583:「一太郎」が知っているPC-9801シリーズの軌跡
4504:– via Google Books.
4306:. Microsoft. 2002-04-22.
3941:【日本電気】 PC-9801N(愛称98NOTE)
3197:日本電気社史編纂室 (2001-12-25).
3167:パソコン大図鑑 最新・人気パソコン目的別全カタログ
3145:. 2004. pp. 98–103.
2772:
2627:PC-9821 Cereb (C166-C233)
2583:Windows 95 pre-installed
2078:2 2DD 3.5" floppy drives
1949:
1850:). Localized versions of
1644:
1449:A standard PC-98 has two
1312:
550:
540:
486:
467:
457:West Coast Computer Faire
449:
306:
283:
261:
251:
240:
228:
217:
205:
192:
163:
155:
137:
127:
95:
85:
74:
62:
53:
5417:Home video game consoles
5106:
5084:
5066:
5043:
4995:Computing Japan Magazine
4971:Computing Japan Magazine
4922:
4915:
4890:
4886:
4833:
4829:
4807:
4800:
4775:
4771:
4672:
4660:. 1991-07-06. p. 5.
4647:
4621:
4614:
4586:
4582:
4545:
4461:
4454:
4406:
4332:
4328:
4302:
4279:
4248:
4226:
4219:
4196:
4189:
4162:
4135:
4128:
4099:
4094:
4068:
4064:
4039:
4013:
4006:
3979:
3972:
3945:
3940:
3915:
3910:
3879:
3846:
3819:
3814:
3785:
3749:
3743:
3718:
3713:
3656:
3652:
3594:
3590:
3561:
3505:
3498:
3471:
3464:
3452:. 1986-08-18. p. 7.
3439:
3385:
3381:
3351:
3347:
3319:
3315:
3261:
3257:
3198:
3173:. 1981. pp. 30–31.
3166:
3138:
3134:
3108:
3067:
3037:
2938:
2913:
2909:
2875:
2674:Last computer of series
2645:VideoLogic Apocalypse 3D
2600:8x to 20x CD-ROM, or 2x
2243:ES2: no HD; ES5: 40MB HD
2045:8086-2 @ 5 or 8 MHz
2024:8086-2 @ 5 or 8 MHz
2003:8086-2 @ 5 or 8 MHz
1777:applications (including
1653:
1526:
1513:Window Accelerator Board
1506:Enhanced Graphic Charger
1429:, and later models used
1345:, are capable of 768 KB
1115:Price war with DOS/V PCs
375:from the global market.
298:, commonly shortened to
41:Not to be confused with
5140:NEC Personal Computers
4628:(2). 電波新聞社: 159. 1992.
2817:Unlike IBM PCs and the
2403:80486DX2 @ 66 MHz
2174:Onboard 26K sound, EGC
1937:J.B. Harold Murder Club
1919:Shūjin e no Pert-em-Hru
1535:PC-9801-26K Sound Board
1453:display controllers (a
1339:high-resolution machine
1193:, the 3.5-inch 1.44 MB
828:recalled in 1985 that:
201:@ 5 MHz and higher
141:September 30, 2003
5407:NEC personal computers
5376:NEC personal computers
4914:堀川, 明美 (1987-08-10).
4799:服部, 雅幸 (1989-05-01).
4218:本間, 健司 (1996-02-12).
4188:木瀬, 裕次 (1995-03-13).
3911:【東芝】 DynaBook J-3100SS
3783:大河原, 克行 (2007-09-28).
3742:関口, 和一 (2000-03-06).
3591:NECのイメージアップ作戦を指揮した3人の男
3589:佐野, 真一 (1988-02-17).
3562:インテル・マイクロソフト ウィンテル神話の嘘
3497:服部, 雅幸 (1991-01-21).
3382:一番"遊戯性"の高いPCをユーザーは選択した
3314:田中, 繁廣 (1988-02-17).
2568:Pentium @ 100 MHz
2518:Pentium @ 90 MHz
2424:80486DX @ 40 MHz
2188:DX @ 16 or 20 MHz
1770:
1750:
1679:
1625:
1624:Typical PC-98 keyboard
1600:synthesizer module, a
1536:
1446:
1322:
1305:
1304:Expansion slot (C-bus)
1258:PC System Design Guide
1170:
1124:
1021:
951:
888:
860:in the 1970s, to over
835:
778:
682:
674:
533:
501:
436:, had not developed a
401:PC System Design Guide
348:backward compatibility
143:; 20 years ago
32:PC System Design Guide
4834:蘇るPC-9801伝説 永久保存版 第1弾
4776:蘇るPC-9801伝説 永久保存版 第1弾
4653:Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun
4587:蘇るPC-9801伝説 永久保存版 第1弾
4403:yagura (2002-10-18).
4333:蘇るPC-9801伝説 永久保存版 第2弾
4259:(12): 130–133. 1986.
4160:小高, 輝真 (1997-09-26).
4069:蘇るPC-9801伝説 永久保存版 第1弾
3973:特集 : 追う98、追われる98
3445:Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun
3139:蘇るPC-9801伝説 永久保存版 第1弾
2944:NTT PC Communications
2914:蘇るPC-9801伝説 永久保存版 第1弾
2783:Japanese input method
2594:@ 166 to 233 MHz
2551:Pentium @ 75 MHz
2502:Pentium @ 60 MHz
2486:80486SX @ 33 MHz
2441:80486SX @ 25 MHz
2364:80386SX @ 16 MHz
2348:80386DX @ 16 MHz
2290:80386SX @ 16 MHz
2271:80386DX @ 20 MHz
2237:80386SX @ 16 MHz
2205:80386SX @ 16 MHz
2105:NEC V30 @ 10 MHz
1858:were also available.
1794:, and 43% for games.
1756:
1749:Lotus 1-2-3 for PC-98
1748:
1677:
1623:
1577:Crystal Semiconductor
1534:
1504:chip called the EGC (
1444:
1320:
1303:
1221:and GVC (acquired by
1168:
1131:Japan introduced the
1122:
1019:
1006:As a PC game platform
943:
886:
830:
776:
747:Fujitsu released the
680:
672:
531:
496:
5092:on December 10, 2014
5051:on February 15, 2002
4717:PC-9800.net (With98)
4658:Nihon Keizai Shimbun
4329:PC-9801めくるめく音源ボードの世界
4092:鎌田, 剛 (2019-01-10).
3890:(9): 189–195. 1988.
3756:Nihon Keizai Shimbun
3450:Nihon Keizai Shimbun
3420:(9): 249–256. 1985.
3412:"PC-9801VM/VF徹底研究".
3295:(3): 174–190. 1984.
3112:(in Japanese). ボイジャー
2876:PC-9800シリーズ受注終了のお知らせ
2796:computer programming
2086:NEC V30 @ 8 MHz
1846:(discontinued after
1783:educational software
1581:Windows Sound System
1496:) to access several
1207:Windows Sound System
993:intended to offer a
681:PC-9801F motherboard
640:intelligent terminal
350:with the successful
34:. For the gene, see
4648:ロータス、「1-2-3」強化版を発売。
4358:"PC-9801-118 / NEC"
3619:"Old-Computers.com"
3245:, no. 67, 2009
3044:. pp. 95–115.
2787:video game industry
2475:928 2D accelerator
2309:80286 @ 12 MHz
2254:80286 @ 12 MHz
2221:80286 @ 12 MHz
2168:80286 @ 10 MHz
1813:input method editor
1802:killer applications
1556:Atari joystick port
1515:, which employed a
1463:character generator
1105:video game consoles
1012:List of PC-98 games
665:Release and growing
594:reverse engineering
50:
5386:NEC supercomputers
5189:Personal computers
5144:Succeeded by
5025:2015-06-02 at the
4927:Nikkei McGraw-Hill
4891:100万人の謎を解く ザ・PCの系譜
3815:【セイコーエプソン】 PC-286L
3657:100万人の謎を解く ザ・PCの系譜
3595:100万人の謎を解く ザ・PCの系譜
3386:100万人の謎を解く ザ・PCの系譜
3352:100万人の謎を解く ザ・PCの系譜
3320:100万人の謎を解く ザ・PCの系譜
3262:100万人の謎を解く ザ・PCの系譜
3224:John Szczepaniak.
2370:Onboard 26K sound
2354:Onboard 26K sound
2337:Onboard 26K sound
2315:Onboard 26K sound
2296:Onboard 26K sound
2260:Onboard 26K sound
2144:@ 8 or 10 MHz
1771:
1751:
1680:
1626:
1537:
1455:master and a slave
1447:
1323:
1306:
1171:
1125:
1022:
952:
909:which allowed the
889:
779:
683:
675:
534:
128:Introductory price
112:November 1992
48:
5394:
5393:
5362:
5361:
5342:SX-related topics
5333:SX-Aurora TSUBASA
5148:
5147:
5107:なおちま屋 = 昔のカタログ保存館
4342:978-4-7561-4883-4
4065:PC-9801 魂の名作ゲームの旅
3698:978-90-5199-022-5
3625:on April 23, 2011
3051:978-4-7981-2189-5
2969:"Computing Japan"
2785:and the Japanese
2678:
2677:
2620:Windows 95 OSR2.1
1980:8086 @ 5 MHz
1889:Koutetsu no Kishi
1775:business software
1284:) instead of the
1075:Alone in the Dark
935:BASIC interpreter
931:clean room design
659:Multistation 5550
438:personal computer
393:Microsoft Windows
337:personal computer
320:, is a lineup of
271:
270:
266:Japanese language
244:100 VAC ~
99:October 1982
90:Personal computer
16:(Redirected from
5434:
5384:
5383:
5374:
5373:
5271:
5270:
5174:
5167:
5160:
5151:
5150:
5131:Preceded by
5128:
5127:
5119:
5117:
5115:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5079:
5077:
5075:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5009:
5007:
5006:
4985:
4983:
4982:
4939:
4938:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4882:
4873:
4872:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4826:
4820:
4819:
4796:
4790:
4789:
4768:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4755:
4733:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4709:
4703:
4702:
4695:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4611:
4605:
4604:
4579:
4570:
4569:
4542:
4531:
4530:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4450:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4428:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4383:藤本健の “DTMステーション”
4374:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4325:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4298:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4288:
4275:
4269:
4268:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4215:
4209:
4208:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4168:Impress PC Watch
4157:
4148:
4147:
4125:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4089:
4083:
4082:
4063:阿部, 広樹 (2004).
4060:
4054:
4053:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4003:
3992:
3991:
3969:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3876:
3867:
3866:
3843:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3810:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3753:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3729:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3651:松尾, 博志 (1988).
3648:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3621:. Archived from
3615:
3609:
3608:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3560:小林, 紀興 (1997).
3557:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3531:
3522:
3521:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3409:
3400:
3399:
3380:内田, 保廣 (1988).
3377:
3366:
3365:
3348:NECがパソコン王国になった理由
3346:小林, 紀興 (1988).
3343:
3334:
3333:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3256:神永, 裕人 (1988).
3253:
3247:
3246:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3194:
3185:
3184:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3103:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3077:Meiji University
3073:Meiji Repository
3062:
3056:
3055:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3020:
3019:
2997:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2980:
2965:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2946:. Archived from
2934:
2928:
2927:
2906:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2871:
2777:A writer of the
2393:40 MB hard disk,
2331:SX @ 16 MHz
2111:384 KB RAM, GRCG
1957:
1956:
1695:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1610:Sound Blaster 16
1402:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1157:
1153:
1123:PC-9821Ap (1993)
1039:simulation games
923:desktop computer
908:
896:laptop computers
887:PC-9801LS (1988)
874:
863:
859:
809:
797:
777:PC-9801VM (1985)
757:
656:
630:processor and a
625:
555:
553:
552:
545:
543:
542:
493:
491:
490:
474:
472:
471:
454:
452:
451:
369:language barrier
319:
318:
315:
309:
308:
297:
295:
285:
247:
165:Operating system
151:
149:
144:
133:
122:
120:
115:
109:
107:
102:
67:
58:
51:
47:
21:
5442:
5441:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5431:
5397:
5396:
5395:
5390:
5358:
5354:Earth Simulator
5337:
5262:
5184:
5178:
5136:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5104:
5095:
5093:
5086:
5082:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5063:
5054:
5052:
5045:
5041:
5027:Wayback Machine
5016:
5004:
5002:
4980:
4978:
4948:
4946:Further reading
4943:
4942:
4925:(in Japanese).
4924:
4917:
4912:
4908:
4901:
4892:
4888:
4885:広, 一蘭 (1988).
4883:
4876:
4869:
4855:
4851:
4844:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4809:
4802:
4797:
4793:
4786:
4777:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4762:
4753:
4751:
4734:
4730:
4721:
4719:
4713:"PC-9801VX4/WN"
4711:
4710:
4706:
4697:
4696:
4692:
4683:
4681:
4674:
4670:
4669:
4665:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4641:
4623:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4601:
4588:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4573:
4552:(in Japanese).
4547:
4544:
4543:
4534:
4527:
4513:
4509:
4500:
4498:
4481:
4477:
4463:
4456:
4451:
4447:
4437:
4435:
4430:
4429:
4425:
4416:
4414:
4408:
4405:"PC-98 Kībōdo"
4401:
4397:
4388:
4386:
4375:
4371:
4362:
4360:
4354:
4350:
4343:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4313:
4311:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4272:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4228:
4221:
4216:
4212:
4198:
4191:
4186:
4182:
4173:
4171:
4164:
4158:
4151:
4137:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4117:
4108:
4106:
4102:(in Japanese).
4101:
4096:
4090:
4086:
4079:
4070:
4066:
4061:
4057:
4050:
4041:
4033:
4029:
4015:
4008:
4005:
4004:
3995:
3981:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3963:
3954:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3938:
3937:
3933:
3924:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3886:(in Japanese).
3881:
3878:
3877:
3870:
3853:(in Japanese).
3848:
3845:
3844:
3837:
3828:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3798:
3796:
3787:
3781:
3777:
3770:
3751:
3745:
3740:
3736:
3727:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3699:
3691:. p. 502.
3678:
3674:
3667:
3658:
3654:
3649:
3638:
3628:
3626:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3605:
3596:
3592:
3587:
3583:
3576:
3568:. p. 119.
3564:(in Japanese).
3563:
3558:
3554:
3545:
3543:
3532:
3525:
3508:(in Japanese).
3507:
3500:
3495:
3491:
3474:(in Japanese).
3473:
3466:
3461:
3457:
3448:(in Japanese).
3441:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3411:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3369:
3362:
3353:
3349:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3321:
3317:
3312:
3308:
3291:(in Japanese).
3284:
3283:
3279:
3272:
3263:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3238:
3237:Reprinted from
3231:
3229:
3222:
3218:
3205:. p. 654.
3201:(in Japanese).
3200:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3169:(in Japanese).
3168:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3153:
3141:(in Japanese).
3140:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3106:富田, 倫生 (1995).
3104:
3095:
3086:
3084:
3069:
3065:高橋, 清美 (2018).
3063:
3059:
3052:
3040:(in Japanese).
3039:
3034:
3030:
3017:
3015:
2998:
2991:
2978:
2976:
2973:Computing Japan
2967:
2966:
2962:
2953:
2951:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2883:. 7 August 2003
2877:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2863:
2831:
2804:
2781:wrote that the
2775:
2726:instead of the
2698:
2693:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2557:4x CD-ROM drive
2394:
2386:3.6 MB of RAM,
2319:
2300:
2281:
2115:
2096:
1994:
1952:
1828:Concurrent CP/M
1743:
1689:
1672:
1656:
1641:
1618:
1529:
1494:GRaphic CharGer
1439:
1433:or IDE drives.
1412:assigns letters
1399:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1343:hi-reso machine
1315:
1298:
1274:
1231:
1155:
1151:
1117:
1089:adventure games
1047:series and the
1037:. In this era,
1014:
1008:
917:In March 1987,
902:
881:
872:
862:¥25,000,000,000
861:
857:
839:clock frequency
817:
816:
815:
814:
813:
810:
802:
801:
798:
751:
740:similar to the
711:half-width kana
689:. It runs at a
667:
650:
619:
559:Microsoft BASIC
547:
537:
526:
483:
464:
446:
414:
409:
316:
303:
277:
245:
169:N88-BASIC(86),
147:
145:
142:
131:
118:
116:
113:
111:
105:
103:
100:
79:Nippon Electric
70:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5440:
5430:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5378:
5367:
5364:
5363:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5356:
5351:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5279:
5277:
5268:
5267:Supercomputers
5264:
5263:
5261:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5233:PC-8800 series
5230:
5225:
5223:PC-8000 series
5220:
5218:PC-6600 series
5215:
5213:PC-6000 series
5210:
5205:
5204:
5203:
5192:
5190:
5186:
5185:
5177:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5154:
5146:
5145:
5142:
5137:
5134:PC-8800 series
5132:
5126:
5125:
5120:
5102:
5080:
5061:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5015:
5014:External links
5012:
5011:
5010:
4986:
4962:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4906:
4899:
4874:
4867:
4849:
4842:
4821:
4791:
4784:
4760:
4728:
4704:
4690:
4678:atmarkit.co.jp
4663:
4639:
4606:
4599:
4571:
4532:
4525:
4507:
4475:
4445:
4423:
4412:nkmm the Metal
4395:
4369:
4348:
4341:
4320:
4293:
4270:
4240:
4210:
4180:
4149:
4115:
4084:
4077:
4055:
4048:
4027:
3993:
3961:
3931:
3901:
3868:
3835:
3805:
3775:
3768:
3734:
3714:【日本電気】 PC-98LT
3704:
3697:
3672:
3665:
3636:
3610:
3603:
3581:
3574:
3552:
3523:
3489:
3455:
3431:
3401:
3394:
3367:
3360:
3335:
3328:
3306:
3277:
3270:
3248:
3216:
3186:
3179:
3158:
3151:
3126:
3093:
3057:
3050:
3028:
2989:
2960:
2929:
2922:
2894:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2835:PC-6600 series
2830:
2827:
2803:
2800:
2779:ASCII magazine
2774:
2771:
2716:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2665:@ 433 MHz
2660:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2622:pre-installed
2617:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2541:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2465:
2462:
2461:@ 60 MHz
2456:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2361:PC-9801FX,FX/U
2358:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2345:PC-9801FS,FS/U
2342:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2326:
2325:PC-9801FA,FA/U
2322:
2321:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2306:PC-9801DX,DX/U
2303:
2302:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2287:PC-9801DS,DS/U
2284:
2283:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2268:PC-9801DA,DA/U
2265:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2148:
2145:
2139:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1951:
1948:
1943:Touhou Project
1742:
1739:
1687:PC-9801 clones
1671:
1668:
1655:
1652:
1630:conversion key
1617:
1614:
1528:
1525:
1438:
1435:
1354:
1351:
1314:
1311:
1297:
1294:
1273:
1270:
1230:
1227:
1116:
1113:
1069:Dungeon Master
1007:
1004:
894:had developed
880:
877:
858:¥1,000,000,000
811:
804:
803:
799:
792:
791:
790:
789:
788:
722:word processor
666:
663:
573:to run on the
567:Kazuhiko Nishi
525:
522:
506:PC-6000 series
416:NEC developed
413:
410:
408:
405:
352:PC-8800 series
275:PC-9800 series
269:
268:
263:
259:
258:
256:PC-8800 series
253:
249:
248:
242:
238:
237:
230:
226:
225:
219:
215:
214:
207:
203:
202:
196:
190:
189:
167:
161:
160:
157:
153:
152:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
76:
72:
71:
68:
60:
59:
49:PC-9800 series
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5439:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5387:
5379:
5377:
5369:
5368:
5365:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5276:
5272:
5269:
5265:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5202:
5201:character set
5199:
5198:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5187:
5182:
5175:
5170:
5168:
5163:
5161:
5156:
5155:
5152:
5141:
5135:
5129:
5124:
5121:
5109:
5103:
5091:
5087:
5081:
5069:
5062:
5050:
5046:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5024:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4987:
4976:
4972:
4968:
4963:
4960:
4959:
4954:
4950:
4949:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4921:
4910:
4902:
4900:4-8061-0316-0
4896:
4881:
4879:
4870:
4868:4-8191-0856-5
4864:
4860:
4859:日本IBMのパソコン新戦略
4853:
4845:
4843:4-7561-4419-5
4839:
4825:
4817:
4813:
4806:
4795:
4787:
4785:4-7561-4419-5
4781:
4767:
4765:
4749:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4732:
4718:
4714:
4708:
4700:
4694:
4679:
4675:
4667:
4659:
4655:
4654:
4643:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4620:
4610:
4602:
4600:4-7561-4419-5
4596:
4592:
4578:
4576:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4541:
4539:
4537:
4528:
4526:4-8191-0856-5
4522:
4518:
4517:日本IBMのパソコン新戦略
4511:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4479:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4449:
4434:(in Japanese)
4433:
4427:
4413:
4409:
4399:
4385:(in Japanese)
4384:
4380:
4373:
4359:
4356:Yasuma, Sei.
4352:
4344:
4338:
4324:
4309:
4305:
4297:
4282:
4274:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4244:
4236:
4232:
4225:
4214:
4206:
4202:
4195:
4184:
4170:(in Japanese)
4169:
4165:
4156:
4154:
4145:
4141:
4134:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4105:
4097:
4088:
4080:
4078:4-7561-4419-5
4074:
4059:
4051:
4045:
4037:
4031:
4023:
4019:
4012:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3989:
3985:
3978:
3968:
3966:
3951:
3943:
3935:
3921:
3913:
3905:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3875:
3873:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3842:
3840:
3825:
3817:
3809:
3795:
3793:
3788:
3779:
3771:
3769:4-532-16331-5
3765:
3761:
3757:
3752:
3738:
3724:
3716:
3708:
3700:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3676:
3668:
3666:4-8061-0316-0
3662:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3624:
3620:
3614:
3606:
3604:4-8061-0316-0
3600:
3585:
3577:
3575:4-334-00599-3
3571:
3567:
3556:
3541:
3537:
3530:
3528:
3519:
3515:
3511:
3504:
3493:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3470:
3459:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3435:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3406:
3397:
3395:4-8061-0316-0
3391:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3363:
3361:4-8061-0316-0
3357:
3342:
3340:
3331:
3329:4-8061-0316-0
3325:
3310:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3281:
3273:
3271:4-8061-0316-0
3267:
3252:
3244:
3243:
3227:
3220:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3193:
3191:
3182:
3180:4-06-141673-1
3176:
3172:
3162:
3154:
3152:4-7561-4419-5
3148:
3144:
3130:
3122:
3111:
3102:
3100:
3098:
3083:on 2019-06-23
3082:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3061:
3053:
3047:
3043:
3032:
3024:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3003:
2996:
2994:
2986:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2950:on 2015-06-28
2949:
2945:
2941:
2939:用語解説辞典【キューハチ】
2933:
2925:
2923:4-7561-4419-5
2919:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2882:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2579:Daughterboard
2577:
2576:Yamaha DB60XG
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2534:Plug and Play
2531:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2380:Intel 80386SX
2379:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1988:DIN connector
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1755:
1747:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1685:manufactured
1684:
1678:Epson PC-286L
1676:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1651:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1622:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:Creative Labs
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1549:Yamaha YM2203
1546:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1498:planar memory
1495:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1406:
1374:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1333:
1328:
1319:
1310:
1302:
1296:Expansion bus
1293:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1195:floppy format
1192:
1187:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1110:
1107:, except for
1106:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1085:visual novels
1082:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1018:
1013:
1003:
999:
996:
992:
988:
983:
980:
979:IBM PC clones
976:
971:
969:
964:
962:
956:
949:
948:
942:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
912:
906:
901:
897:
893:
885:
876:
870:
865:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
834:
829:
827:
826:Masayoshi Son
822:
808:
796:
787:
784:
775:
771:
769:
765:
761:
755:
750:
745:
743:
739:
735:
730:
727:
723:
719:
716:
712:
708:
703:
698:
696:
692:
688:
679:
671:
662:
660:
654:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
623:
618:
613:
610:
608:
603:
599:
595:
590:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
530:
521:
519:
518:PC-100 series
515:
511:
507:
500:
495:
489:
481:
476:
470:
462:
461:San Francisco
458:
444:
439:
435:
434:minicomputers
431:
427:
423:
419:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
381:
376:
374:
370:
366:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
314:
301:
294:
289:
281:
276:
267:
264:
260:
257:
254:
250:
243:
239:
236:(some models)
235:
231:
227:
223:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
197:
195:
191:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
166:
162:
158:
156:Units shipped
154:
140:
136:
130:
126:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
66:
61:
57:
52:
44:
37:
33:
19:
5237:
5139:
5112:. Retrieved
5094:. Retrieved
5090:the original
5072:. Retrieved
5053:. Retrieved
5049:the original
5003:. Retrieved
4994:
4979:. Retrieved
4970:
4956:
4919:
4909:
4858:
4852:
4824:
4804:
4794:
4752:. Retrieved
4747:
4741:
4731:
4720:. Retrieved
4716:
4707:
4693:
4682:. Retrieved
4680:. 2000-01-18
4677:
4666:
4651:
4642:
4625:
4618:
4609:
4590:
4553:
4549:
4516:
4510:
4499:. Retrieved
4494:
4488:
4478:
4458:
4448:
4436:. Retrieved
4426:
4415:. Retrieved
4411:
4398:
4387:. Retrieved
4382:
4372:
4361:. Retrieved
4351:
4323:
4312:. Retrieved
4296:
4285:. Retrieved
4273:
4256:
4252:
4243:
4223:
4213:
4193:
4183:
4172:. Retrieved
4167:
4132:
4107:. Retrieved
4087:
4058:
4030:
4010:
3976:
3953:. Retrieved
3934:
3923:. Retrieved
3904:
3887:
3883:
3854:
3850:
3827:. Retrieved
3808:
3797:. Retrieved
3790:
3778:
3737:
3726:. Retrieved
3707:
3682:
3675:
3627:. Retrieved
3623:the original
3613:
3584:
3555:
3544:. Retrieved
3509:
3502:
3492:
3468:
3458:
3443:
3434:
3417:
3413:
3309:
3292:
3286:
3280:
3251:
3240:
3230:. Retrieved
3219:
3161:
3129:
3121:Aozora Bunko
3119:– via
3114:. Retrieved
3085:. Retrieved
3081:the original
3072:
3060:
3031:
3023:Google Books
3021:– via
3016:. Retrieved
3011:
3005:
2984:
2977:. Retrieved
2972:
2963:
2952:. Retrieved
2948:the original
2932:
2885:. Retrieved
2869:
2816:
2808:monopolizing
2805:
2776:
2762:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2717:
2701:
2699:
2069:@ 8 MHz
1990:for keyboard
1953:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1925:Corpse Party
1923:
1917:
1911:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1860:
1848:Windows 2000
1821:
1810:
1796:
1788:spreadsheets
1772:
1724:
1720:AST Research
1718:
1714:
1702:
1698:
1681:
1670:Epson clones
1657:
1627:
1592:
1565:
1552:FM synthesis
1538:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1448:
1420:
1409:
1356:
1342:
1338:
1336:
1324:
1307:
1275:
1266:Windows 2000
1255:
1239:
1232:
1188:
1172:
1126:
1098:
1092:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1048:
1042:
1031:Fujitsu FM-7
1023:
1000:
989:and Fujitsu
984:
972:
967:
965:
957:
953:
945:
916:
890:
866:
855:
836:
831:
818:
780:
746:
731:
699:
684:
635:
614:
611:
598:N-10 Project
597:
591:
587:
535:
502:
497:
477:
428:(20.1%) and
415:
377:
345:
299:
274:
272:
159:18.3 million
138:Discontinued
96:Release date
75:Manufacturer
4407:PC-98 キーボード
4040:パソコン白書94-95
3857:(4). 1988.
3758:. pp.
3750:パソコン革命の旗手たち
3542:. p. 9
3478:: 280–281.
3242:Retro Gamer
3199:日本電気株式会社百年史
3038:僕らのパソコン30年史
2763:playability
2659:PC-9821Ra43
2592:Pentium MMX
2159:Windows 1.0
2051:Included a
1995:298,000yen
1901:MechWarrior
1877:Policenauts
1868:dating sims
1806:Lotus 1-2-3
1790:, 47% as a
1709:Intel 486SX
1690: [
1683:Seiko Epson
1584:audio codec
1543:, like the
1416:hard drives
1347:base memory
1288:bus; BIOS,
1213:slots, and
1081:dating sims
1044:Daisenryaku
903: [
851:Intel 80386
847:Intel 80286
760:Intel 80186
752: [
702:floppy disk
691:clock speed
651: [
644:workstation
620: [
569:to rewrite
524:Development
284:PC-9800シリーズ
252:Predecessor
36:Pc98 (gene)
18:NEC PC-9801
5401:Categories
5005:2017-01-16
4981:2017-01-15
4754:2020-10-19
4722:2019-04-24
4684:2019-06-10
4501:2019-08-23
4417:2018-01-08
4389:2021-09-04
4363:2018-05-24
4314:2019-04-24
4287:2019-04-24
4174:2019-03-16
4109:2019-03-18
4104:Kakaku.com
4100:価格.comマガジン
4049:4875661479
3955:2019-03-21
3925:2019-03-21
3829:2019-03-21
3799:2019-03-30
3728:2019-04-22
3546:2016-05-02
3232:2011-03-16
3116:2019-03-11
3087:2019-06-23
3018:2019-08-23
2979:6 February
2954:2019-03-24
2861:References
2736:interlaced
2548:PC-9821Cx2
2515:PC-9821Xa
2455:PC-9821Af
2421:PC-9801BA
2400:PC-9821Ap
2154:compliance
2055:interface
1560:sound card
1545:PC speaker
1471:JIS X 0208
1467:JIS X 0201
1459:video RAMs
1425:(SASI) or
1389:-inch and
1341:or simply
1235:Windows 95
1184:all-in-one
1033:, and the
1010:See also:
995:multimedia
944:Advert in
742:Apple Lisa
707:JIS X 0201
648:FACOM 9450
628:Intel 8086
579:Bill Gates
575:Intel 8086
494:, stated:
418:mainframes
412:Background
397:Windows 95
356:IBM clones
341:APC series
246:(desktops)
213:and higher
199:Intel 8086
148:2003-09-30
43:Windows 98
5275:SX series
5253:UltraLite
5183:computers
4935:0287-9506
4929:: 77–81.
4816:0287-9506
4743:InfoWorld
4634:0387-9593
4615:一太郎累計出荷本数
4566:0910-7606
4490:InfoWorld
4470:0287-9506
4453:石井, 智明.
4283:. IO-DATA
4265:0386-5428
4235:0287-9506
4205:0287-9506
4144:0287-9506
4038:(1995).
4022:0287-9506
3988:0287-9506
3946:コンピュータ博物館
3916:コンピュータ博物館
3896:0386-5428
3863:0386-5428
3820:コンピュータ博物館
3719:コンピュータ博物館
3689:IOS Press
3540:InfoWorld
3518:0287-9506
3484:0287-9506
3426:0386-5428
3301:0386-5428
3211:676485242
3007:InfoWorld
2802:Criticism
2732:VZ Editor
2696:Marketing
2691:Reception
2641:Hi-Vision
2574:Includes
2499:PC-9821Cf
2483:PC-9821Cx
2438:PC-9821Ce
2251:PC-9801EX
2234:PC-9801ES
2218:PC-9801RX
2202:PC-9801RS
2182:PC-9801RA
2165:PC-9801UX
2138:PC-9801VX
2121:PC-9801UV
2102:PC-9801VM
2083:PC-9801VF
2053:bus mouse
2030:Included
1969:Features
1705:local bus
1664:PS/2 port
1660:bus mouse
1475:grayscale
1137:IBM PC/AT
1027:NEC PC-88
873:2 million
864:in 1985.
843:Intel x86
661:in 1983.
607:Microsoft
571:N88-BASIC
424:(29.6%),
313:Kyū-hachi
211:kilobytes
209:128
123:(PC-9821)
110:(PC-9801)
5349:SUPER-UX
5243:ProSpeed
5114:June 10,
5096:June 10,
5023:Archived
4999:Archived
4975:Archived
4750:(44): 22
4558:Softbank
4497:(15): 20
4438:June 10,
4308:Archived
3566:Kobunsha
3171:Kodansha
3042:Shōeisha
2850:FM Towns
2829:See also
2819:Apple II
2759:playable
2724:IBM 5550
2610:Mystique
2063:PC-9801U
2042:PC-9801M
2021:PC-9801F
2000:PC-9801E
1866:" style
1798:Ichitaro
1792:database
1741:Software
1734:Seikosha
1640:and Kana
1616:Keyboard
1437:Graphics
1334:memory.
1290:I/O port
1272:Hardware
1156:¥248,000
1152:¥128,000
1094:Dōkyūsei
1072:and the
1063:Brandish
1035:Sharp X1
991:FM Towns
968:DynaBook
602:bytecode
583:GW-BASIC
516:and the
373:isolated
322:Japanese
280:Japanese
262:Language
232:Beeper,
132:¥298,000
5228:PC-8201
5074:June 7,
5055:June 7,
3760:203–236
3744:"挑戦者たち"
3109:パソコン創世記
3014:(30): 4
2792:Famicom
2663:Celeron
2606:DVD-ROM
2536:C-bus,
2532:slots,
2459:Pentium
2377:PC-9821
2067:NEC V30
1977:PC-9801
1931:Slayers
1856:FreeBSD
1852:NetWare
1844:Windows
1824:CP/M-86
1521:DirectX
1502:blitter
1451:μPD7220
1398:⁄
1384:⁄
1366:⁄
1353:Storage
1262:Celeron
1242:Seattle
1229:Decline
1223:Lite-On
1175:Windows
1160:Fujitsu
892:Toshiba
869:APC III
783:NEC V30
764:CP/M-86
673:PC-9801
632:μPD7220
514:PC-8800
510:PC-8000
480:PC-8001
430:Hitachi
426:Fujitsu
407:History
288:Hepburn
222:μPD7220
218:Display
179:Windows
171:CP/M-86
146: (
119:1992-11
117: (
106:1982-10
104: (
5328:SX-ACE
5208:PC-100
4933:
4923:日経パソコン
4897:
4865:
4840:
4814:
4808:日経パソコン
4782:
4632:
4619:Maikon
4597:
4564:
4550:Oh! PC
4523:
4468:
4462:日経パソコン
4339:
4263:
4233:
4227:日経パソコン
4203:
4197:日経パソコン
4142:
4136:日経パソコン
4075:
4046:
4020:
4014:日経パソコン
3986:
3980:日経パソコン
3894:
3861:
3766:
3695:
3684:(West)
3663:
3601:
3572:
3516:
3506:日経パソコン
3482:
3472:日経パソコン
3424:
3392:
3358:
3326:
3299:
3268:
3209:
3177:
3149:
3048:
2920:
2887:7 June
2840:X68000
2773:Legacy
2767:IBM JX
2728:IBM PC
2649:MPEG-2
2540:audio
2526:Matrox
2388:CD-ROM
1972:Other
1960:Model
1950:Models
1832:MS-DOS
1767:MS-DOS
1757:Using
1594:Roland
1588:YMF262
1568:YM2608
1483:planar
1313:Memory
1278:IBM PC
1246:driver
1215:PCMCIA
1148:Compaq
1029:, the
987:X68000
985:Sharp
900:J-3100
821:MS-DOS
749:FM-16β
734:PC-100
512:, the
389:MS-DOS
329:32-bit
325:16-bit
234:YM2203
206:Memory
175:MS-DOS
5258:Versa
5248:TK-80
5238:PC-98
5044:PC博物館
4589:[
4556:(8).
4253:ASCII
3884:ASCII
3851:ASCII
3794:Japan
3792:ZDNet
3629:5 May
3414:ASCII
3288:ASCII
3143:ASCII
2720:DOS/V
2616:ports
2604:, or
2521:1994
2464:1993
2427:1993
2406:1993
2329:80486
2186:80386
2142:80286
2011:ASICs
1966:Year
1907:Rusty
1864:dōjin
1836:PC-UX
1759:EDLIN
1730:Sanyo
1726:Sharp
1694:]
1654:Mouse
1598:MT-32
1554:, an
1527:Sound
1427:ST506
1191:SIMMs
1133:DOS/V
1109:eroge
1100:YU-NO
947:ASCII
919:Epson
911:T3100
907:]
768:FM-11
756:]
715:kanji
655:]
642:or a
624:]
617:N5200
563:ASCII
541:浜田 俊三
488:大内 淳義
469:渡邊 和也
450:後藤 富雄
443:TK-80
380:DOS/V
365:Apple
360:kanji
307:キューハチ
302:or 98
300:PC-98
241:Power
229:Sound
187:PC-UX
81:(NEC)
5323:SX-9
5318:SX-8
5313:SX-7
5308:SX-6
5303:SX-5
5298:SX-4
5293:SX-3
5288:SX-2
5283:SX-1
5116:2016
5098:2016
5076:2016
5057:2016
4931:ISSN
4895:ISBN
4863:ISBN
4838:ISBN
4812:ISSN
4780:ISBN
4630:ISSN
4622:マイコン
4595:ISBN
4562:ISSN
4521:ISBN
4466:ISSN
4440:2016
4337:ISBN
4261:ISSN
4231:ISSN
4201:ISSN
4140:ISSN
4073:ISBN
4044:ISBN
4018:ISSN
3984:ISSN
3892:ISSN
3859:ISSN
3764:ISBN
3693:ISBN
3661:ISBN
3631:2011
3599:ISBN
3570:ISBN
3514:ISSN
3480:ISSN
3422:ISSN
3390:ISBN
3356:ISBN
3324:ISBN
3297:ISSN
3266:ISBN
3207:OCLC
3175:ISBN
3147:ISBN
3046:ISBN
2981:2012
2918:ISBN
2889:2016
2845:FM-7
2812:Sord
2668:2000
2633:1997
2602:CD-R
2597:1997
2571:1995
2554:1995
2505:1994
2489:1994
2469:SIMM
2444:1993
2383:1992
2367:1992
2351:1992
2334:1992
2312:1991
2293:1990
2274:1990
2257:1989
2240:1989
2224:1988
2208:1989
2191:1988
2171:1987
2152:VCCI
2147:1986
2127:1986
2108:1985
2089:1985
2072:1985
2048:1984
2027:1983
2006:1983
1983:1982
1963:CPU
1940:and
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