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322:'s original patent, the anti-roll bar forms an integral and essential part of the suspension, in addition to its usual function in controlling body roll. A strut suspension like MacPherson's requires a hinged lower member between the chassis and wheel hub to control the wheel position both inwards and outwards (controlling the track), and also forwards and backwards. This may be provided by a
306:. This allows the stiffness to be altered, for example by increasing or reducing the length of the lever arms on some systems, or by rotating a flat lever arm from a stiff edge-on position to a more flexible flat-side-on position on other systems. This lets a mechanic tune the roll stiffness for different situations without replacing the entire bar.
354:
Cyborg. The 16-valve turbo model's "Dual Mode
Suspension" has a dashboard- operated hydraulic actuator built into the front anti-roll bar link, allowing it to toggle between sport and touring modes. The Jeep Wrangler (JK, JL) and Jeep Gladiator (JT) also have a switchable decoupler on Rubicon models,
273:
Because an anti-roll bar connects wheels on opposite sides of the vehicle, the bar transmits the force of a bump on one wheel to the opposite wheel. On rough or broken pavement, anti-roll bars can produce jarring, side-to-side body motions (a "waddling" sensation), which increase in severity with the
174:
An anti-roll bar is usually a torsion spring anchored to resist body roll motions. It is usually constructed out of a cylindrical steel bar, formed into a "U" shape, that connects to the body at two points along its longer center section, and on each end. When the left and right wheels move together
264:
can be reduced by changing the proportion of the total roll stiffness that comes from the front and rear axles. Increasing it at the front increases the proportion of the total load transfer that the front axle reacts toāand decreases it in the rear. In general, this makes the outer front wheel run
209:
The bar resists the torsion through its stiffness. The stiffness of an anti-roll bar is proportional to the stiffness of the material, the fourth power of its radius, and the inverse of the length of the lever arms (i.e., the shorter the lever arm, the stiffer the bar). Stiffness is also related to
277:
Excessive roll stiffness, typically achieved by configuring an anti-roll bar too aggressively, can make the inside wheels lift off the ground during hard cornering. This can be used to advantage: many front wheel drive production cars lift a rear wheel when cornering hard in order to overload the
252:
Anti-roll bars provide two main functions. The first is to reduce body lean. This is dependent on the total roll stiffness of the vehicle. Increasing this stiffness does not change the steady state total load (weight) transfer from the inside wheels to the outside, it only reduces body lean. The
341:
As the anti-roll bar is required to control wheel position, the bars of a MacPherson strut suspension may be connected through ball joints. However many later "MacPherson strut" suspensions have reverted to using wishbones rather than the simplified track control arm of the original design.
128:
An anti-sway or anti-roll bar is intended to reduce the lateral tilt (roll) of the vehicle on curves, sharp corners, or large bumps. Although there are many variations in design, the object is to induce a vehicle's body to remain as level as possible by forcing the opposite wheel's
221:(CG), proportional to lateral acceleration. Because the CG is usually not on the roll axis, the lateral force creates a moment about the roll axis that tends to roll the body. (The roll axis is a line that joins the front and rear roll centers). The moment is called the
91:
Anti-roll bars were unusual on pre-WW2 cars due to the generally much stiffer suspension and acceptance of body roll. From the 1950s on, however, production cars were more commonly fitted with anti-roll bars, especially those vehicles with softer coil spring suspension.
34:, which traverses the underside of the car. Flexible bushings attach it to the chassis. Also visible on the right is one of the links that connect the bar to the suspension (drop link). These twist the anti-roll bar when the vehicle is cornering, resisting body roll.
210:
the geometry of the mounting points and the rigidity of the bar's mounting points. The stiffer the bar, the more force required to move the left and right wheels relative to each other. This increases the amount of force required to make the body roll.
232:
of the vehicle's springs and of the anti-roll bars, if any. The use of anti-roll bars allows designers to reduce roll without making the suspension's springs stiffer in the vertical plane, which allows improved body control with less compromise of
334:, with a single inboard joint, to control the track. Forward and backward position was controlled through the anti-roll bar. Overall this required a simpler and cheaper set of suspension members than with wishbones, also allowing a reduction in
265:
at a comparatively higher slip angle, and the outer rear wheel to run at a comparatively lower slip angle, increasing understeer. Increasing the proportion of roll stiffness at the rear axle has the opposite effect, decreasing understeer.
136:
In a turn a vehicle compresses its outer wheel's suspension. The anti-roll bar forces the opposite wheel's to also compress, thereby keeping the body in a more level lateral attitude. This has the additional benefit of lowering its
394:
system eliminates the anti-roll bar, instead using sensors to detect lateral load, lateral force, and height difference in the suspension strut, which then hydraulically raise or lower the spring to counter roll.
186:
through a flexible joint. The link is connected in turn to a spot near a wheel or axle, transferring forces from the heavily loaded side of a suspension to the opposite.
166:
When both front and rear anti-roll bars are fitted, their combined effect can help maintain a vehicle's tendency to roll towards the general slope of the terrain.
124:
Anti-roll bar (in red) attached to a front axle. The bar must also have its two longitudinal anchor points fastened solidly to transfer forces from side to side.
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302:, are externally adjustable while the car is in the pit, whereas some systems can be adjusted in real time by the driver from inside the car, such as in
1371:
611:
1088:
350:
Various methods of decoupling the anti-roll bar have been proposed. The first production car to use a semi-active anti-roll bar was the 1988
222:
244:
of the wheels on the outside of the turn and negative on the inside, which reduces their cornering grip (especially with cross ply tires).
112:
1824:
582:
519:
405:(KDSS) that essentially disengages the stabilizer bars when off-road, allowing for greater vehicle articulation and ride quality.
274:
diameter and stiffness of the anti-roll bars. Other suspension techniques can delay or dampen this effect of the connecting bar.
116:
Two front-wheel springs, with the wheels removed. Opposite suspension arms are connected to the central anti-roll bar assembly.
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of a vehicle during fast cornering or over road irregularities. It links opposite front or rear wheels to a
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the bar simply rotates on its central mounting points. When the wheels move relative to each other,
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is a common form of strut suspension. This was not the first attempt at strut suspension, but in
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total lateral load transfer is determined by the center of gravity height and track width.
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Roll couple is resisted by the suspension roll stiffness, which is a function of the
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The first stabilizer bar patent was awarded to
Canadian inventor Stephen Coleman of
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The other function of anti-roll bars is to tune the handling balance of a car.
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One effect of body lean, for typical unibody suspension geometry, is positive
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373:'s SC.CAR (Systeme Citroƫn de ContrƓle Actif du Roulis), debuted in its 1994
133:, spring, or suspension rod in the same direction as the one being impacted.
108:, with anti roll bars removed, shows how much the body can roll without them
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K=Fractional lever arm ratio (movement at roll bar / movement at wheel)
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to the connected end link on the opposite side of the vehicle
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Some anti-roll bars, particularly those intended for use in
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during hard cornering, minimizing body roll to 2 degrees.
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of the vehicle's body produces a lateral force at the
326:with a number of joints, or by using an additional
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to the anti-sway (torsion) bar via a flexible joint
77:arms for anchors. This increases the suspension's
355:to increase wheel articulation for off-roading.
294:Diagram of two types of adjustable antiroll bars.
1811:
520:"Anti-roll bar link: function, failure symptoms"
498:(Fourth ed.). G.T. Foulis & Co. 1983.
193:from the heavily loaded side of the suspension
148:One way of estimating antiroll bar stiffness:
23:Device that reduces the body roll of a vehicle
1365:
1082:
649:
466:"Patent Summary: CA 189894 Spring suspension"
345:
30:An anti-roll bar (in black) on the rear of a
369:The first active anti-roll bar system was
81:stiffnessāits resistance to roll in turns.
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464:Coleman, Stephen L. Chancey (1919-04-22).
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141:during a turn, increasing its stability.
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205:to the opposite side of the suspension.
196:to the connected end link via a bushing
182:Each end of the bar is connected to an
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470:Canadian Intellectual Property Office
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401:also uses a mechanical system called
441:Great Maritime Inventions, 1833-1950
309:
443:. Goose Lane Editions. p. 69.
13:
1825:Automotive suspension technologies
1667:Electronic brakeforce distribution
772:Continuously variable transmission
285:
189:Forces are therefore transferred:
14:
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629:
403:Kinetic Dynamic Suspension System
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247:
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1051:
1050:
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156:R=Effective arm length (inches)
614:from the original on 2018-09-29
585:from the original on 2024-01-17
556:from the original on 2017-12-12
476:from the original on 2017-10-23
162:Q=Stiffness (lb*in per degree)
160:S=Length of lever arm (inches)
150:T=Vehicle track width (inches)
663:
596:
567:
536:
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496:Race and Rally Car Source Book
487:
432:
158:L=Half length of bar (inches)
1:
807:Automated manual transmission
425:
169:
18:Rollover protection structure
1672:Electronic stability control
1130:Electronic Stability Control
545:Vehicle Dynamics Terminology
268:
7:
1830:Vehicle safety technologies
1559:Ackermann steering geometry
882:Semi-automatic transmission
604:"Citroƫn hydraulics Xantia"
408:
65:part that helps reduce the
10:
1856:
1622:Active rollover protection
719:Internal combustion engine
494:Staniforth, Allan (2001).
362:
346:Semi active anti-roll bars
86:Fredericton, New Brunswick
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1018:Hybrid vehicle drivetrain
1005:
920:
907:Transmission control unit
847:Limited-slip differential
812:Electrorheological clutch
737:
684:
671:
439:Theriault, Mario (2001).
278:opposite wheel, limiting
1840:Mechanical power control
1617:Anti-lock braking system
1411:Anti-roll bar (sway bar)
797:Dual-clutch transmission
179:cause the bar to twist.
154:d=Bar diameter (inches)
16:Not to be confused with
1647:Combined braking system
767:Constant-velocity joint
1471:Independent suspension
747:Automatic transmission
420:Torsion bar suspension
295:
163:
125:
117:
109:
35:
1491:Multi-link suspension
389:Mercedes-Benz S-Class
293:
147:
123:
115:
103:
96:Purpose and operation
29:
852:Locking differential
787:Direct-shift gearbox
1820:Canadian inventions
1662:Electric park brake
1097:Automotive handling
877:Preselector gearbox
857:Manual transmission
392:Active Body Control
88:on April 22, 1919.
1702:Regenerative brake
1023:Electric generator
928:Wheel hub assembly
552:. 2008. SAEJ670e.
296:
164:
126:
118:
110:
36:
1807:
1806:
1612:Automatic braking
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1346:
1343:
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1333:Semi-trailing arm
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1292:
1064:
1063:
817:Epicyclic gearing
686:Automotive engine
450:978-0-86492-324-0
365:Active suspension
352:Mitsubishi Mirage
332:track control arm
310:MacPherson struts
219:centre of gravity
139:center of gravity
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1751:Outline of tires
1486:MacPherson strut
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1301:MacPherson strut
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1259:Semi-independent
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1234:
1180:Vehicle dynamics
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921:Wheels and tires
892:Torque converter
658:
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575:"30幓åć®ććØććć©ć¤å®é£ć"
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316:MacPherson strut
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1687:Hydraulic fluid
1682:Hydraulic brake
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1589:Torque steering
1584:Rack and pinion
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1536:Wheel alignment
1451:Double wishbone
1397:
1384:
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1339:
1284:Double wishbone
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1185:Weight transfer
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912:Universal joint
842:Hotchkiss drive
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713:Plug-in hybrid
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630:External links
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359:Active systems
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248:Main functions
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213:In a turn the
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177:torsion forces
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131:shock absorber
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71:torsion spring
56:stabilizer bar
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1306:Chapman strut
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1199:
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1175:Unsprung mass
1173:
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1140:Inboard brake
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1128:
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887:Shift-by-wire
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724:Petrol engine
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61:
57:
53:
49:
48:anti-sway bar
45:
41:
40:anti-roll bar
33:
28:
19:
1736:Custom wheel
1707:Vacuum servo
1642:Brake lining
1564:Caster angle
1521:Trailing arm
1446:De Dion tube
1436:Car handling
1431:Camber angle
1410:
1391:Part of the
1390:
1328:Trailing arm
1250:De Dion tube
1110:Car handling
965:Racing slick
902:Transfer box
872:Park-by-wire
867:Parking pawl
782:Differential
757:Direct-drive
739:Transmission
729:Steam engine
674:Part of the
673:
616:. Retrieved
607:
598:
587:. Retrieved
578:
569:
558:. Retrieved
544:
538:
527:. Retrieved
523:
514:
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489:
478:. Retrieved
459:
440:
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397:
386:
368:
349:
340:
313:
297:
276:
272:
255:
251:
239:
235:ride quality
227:
212:
208:
188:
183:
181:
173:
165:
135:
127:
90:
83:
73:using short
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
37:
1771:Wire wheels
1741:Drive wheel
1731:Alloy wheel
1637:Brake fluid
1516:Torsion bar
1496:Panhard rod
1476:Leaf spring
1456:Hydrolastic
1441:Coil spring
1276:Independent
1160:Tire / Tyre
1135:Fishtailing
1103:Main topics
943:Alloy wheel
802:Drive wheel
792:Drive shaft
752:Chain drive
415:Panhard rod
300:auto racing
230:spring rate
223:roll couple
215:sprung mass
1835:Auto parts
1814:Categories
1718:Roadwheels
1657:Drum brake
1652:Disc brake
1632:Brake fade
1594:Understeer
1506:Swing axle
1421:Axle track
1403:Suspension
1393:Automobile
1323:Swing axle
1313:Multi-link
1289:Jaguar IRS
1266:Twist beam
1229:Suspension
1170:Understeer
1155:Suspension
1028:Alternator
676:Automobile
665:Powertrain
618:2017-06-27
589:2019-02-14
560:2017-12-14
529:2024-09-25
480:2014-08-21
426:References
363:See also:
328:radius rod
320:MacPherson
280:understeer
258:Understeer
170:Principles
63:suspension
60:automobile
1574:Oversteer
1541:Wheelbase
1511:Toe angle
1481:Live axle
1426:Beam axle
1245:Beam axle
1238:Dependent
1214:Pneumatic
1165:Transaxle
1145:Oversteer
1120:Downforce
897:Transaxle
862:Manumatic
832:Gearshift
704:Fuel cell
608:Citroenet
269:Drawbacks
262:oversteer
67:body roll
1799:Category
1551:Steering
1460:Hydragas
1296:Dubonnet
1150:Steering
1125:Drifting
1056:Category
995:Tubeless
980:Run-flat
960:Off-road
777:Coupling
699:Electric
612:Archived
583:Archived
554:Archived
474:Archived
409:See also
324:wishbone
304:Super GT
184:end link
58:) is an
52:sway bar
44:roll bar
1761:Spinner
1569:Kingpin
1381:Chassis
1219:Torsion
524:Autodoc
371:Citroƫn
32:Porsche
1789:Portal
1746:Hubcap
1604:Brakes
1395:series
1195:Spring
1046:Portal
1006:Hybrid
970:Radial
948:Hubcap
762:Clutch
709:Hybrid
678:series
610:. UK.
502:
447:
399:Toyota
378:Activa
375:Xantia
242:camber
1231:types
1197:types
990:Spare
933:Wheel
837:Giubo
75:lever
1416:Axle
1209:Leaf
1204:Coil
985:Snow
975:Rain
955:Tire
579:ćæćć«ć©
500:ISBN
445:ISBN
387:The
314:The
79:roll
938:Rim
550:SAE
382:ECU
260:or
106:SUV
104:An
38:An
1816::
606:.
581:.
577:.
548:.
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1458:(
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711:(
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483:.
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42:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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