54:
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1272:, in southern Italy. Their initial intention was to move army headquarters out of Rome with the King and the Prime Minister, but few staff officers reached Brindisi. Meanwhile, the Italian troops, without instructions, collapsed and were soon overwhelmed. Some small units decided to stay loyal to the German ally. From 8 to 12 September, the German forces occupied all of the Italian territory that was still not under Allied control, except
1105:
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1445:"shoved off from La Spezia escorted by three light cruisers and eight destroyers". When German troops, who had stormed into the town to prevent the ships from sailing, became enraged by the ships' escape, "they rounded up and summarily shot several Italian captains who, unable to get their vessels underway, had scuttled them". That afternoon, German bombers attacked the ships sailing without
1005:, maintained that the Army Corps deployed around Rome was insufficient to protect the city because of the lack of fuel and ammunition and that the armistice had to be postponed. Badoglio did not pronounce himself in the meeting. In the afternoon, he appeared before the King, who decided to accept the armistice conditions.
839:), which contained a proposal to restore direct control of politics to the King. After the Council, held on 25 July 1943, a majority vote adopted the "order of the day", and Mussolini was then summoned to meet the King and dismissed as prime minister. Upon leaving the meeting, Mussolini was arrested by
1054:
The signing ceremony began at 14:00 on 3 September. Castellano and Bedell Smith signed the accepted text on behalf of
Badoglio and General Eisenhower, respectively. The armistice includes that all Italian land, air, and naval forces must cease hostilities against the Allies. A bombing mission on Rome
1468:
An agreement between the Allies and the
Italians in late September provided for some of the Navy to be kept in commission; however, the battleships were to be reduced to care and maintenance and effectively disarmed. Italian mercantile marine vessels were to operate under the same general conditions
1264:(Italian Royal Army) had not been informed about the armistice, and no clear orders had been issued about the line of conduct to be taken in the face of the German armed forces. Some Italian divisions that should have defended Rome were still in transit from southern France. The king, along with the
1050:
On 2 September, Castellano set off again to
Cassibile with an order to confirm the acceptance of the Allied conditions. He had no written authorization from Badoglio, the head of the Italian government, who wanted to dissociate himself as much as possible from the forthcoming defeat of his country.
1217:
Only after the signing had taken place was
Castellano passed the long terms contained in the "Instrument of Surrender of Italy.", which General Campbell had presented to another Italian general, Zanussi in Lisbon. Zanussi, who had also been in Cassibile since 31 August, for unclear reasons had not
885:
to contact Allied diplomats. However, to open the proceedings, the Allies had to determine who was the most authoritative envoy, and the three generals had started to quarrel about who had the highest authority. In the end, Castellano was admitted to speak with the Allies at the
British Embassy to
1039:, the German armed forces, which had long since begun to suspect that Italy was seeking a separate armistice. The Germans contacted Badoglio, who repeatedly confirmed the unwavering loyalty of Italy to its German ally. The Germans doubted his reassurances, and the
1238:
The day the armistice entered into force was linked to a planned landing in central Italy and was left to the Allies' discretion. Castellano still understood that the date was intended to be 12 September, and
Badoglio started to move troops to Rome.
960:
Badoglio still considered it possible to gain favourable conditions in exchange for the surrender. He ordered
Castellano to insist that any surrender of Italy be conditioned on a landing of Allied troops on the Italian mainland. The Allies held only
1464:
The Navy's turnover proceeded more smoothly in other areas of Italy. When an Allied naval force headed for the large naval base of
Taranto, it watched a flotilla of Italian ships sailing out of Taranto Harbour towards their surrender at Malta.
1246:
into airports around the city. Badoglio told the delegation that his army was not ready to support the landing and that most airports in the area were under German control. He asked for a deferral of the armistice of a few days. When
General
1280:, without meeting organized resistance. In Rome, an Italian governor, with the support of an Italian infantry division, nominally ruled the city until 23 September, but in practice, the city was under German control from 11 September.
1409:
until July 1943). There was a danger that some of the Navy might fight on, be scuttled, or (most concerningly for the Allies) end up in German hands. As such, the truce called for
Italian warships on Italy's west coast, mostly at
984:. It soon became evident that the two sides in the negotiations had adopted somewhat distant positions. Castellano pressed the request for the Italian territory to be defended from the inevitable reaction of the German
1306:
The Allies failed to take full advantage of the Italian armistice and were quickly checked by German troops. In terrain that favoured defence, the Allied forces took 20 months to reach the northern borders of Italy.
1218:
informed Castellano about them. Nevertheless, Bedell Smith explained to Castellano that the other conditions would have taken effect only if Italy had not taken on a fighting role in the war alongside the Allies.
1242:
On 7 September, a small Allied delegation reached Rome to inform Badoglio that the next day would have been the day of the armistice. He was also informed about the pending arrival of the American
831:(the 2nd Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari), the second most powerful man in the Fascist Party and Mussolini's son-in-law. The conspirators devised an "Order of the Day" for the next meeting of the
1495:
and his Fascist officials must be handed over to the United Nations, and all Italian land, air, and naval forces must surrender unconditionally. The armistice signed at Malta was considered the
1235:(Italy's Royal Air Force), with the War Ministers and with the King's representatives. However, he omitted any mention of the signing of the armistice and referred only to ongoing negotiations.
1457:
sank with the loss of nearly 1,400 men. Most of the remaining ships made it safely to North Africa "while three destroyers and a cruiser which had stopped to rescue survivors, docked in
1251:
learned that, the landing in Rome of American troops was cancelled, but the day of the armistice was confirmed since other troops were already en route by sea to land in southern Italy.
1318:, held out some weeks after the armistice. Still, without any determined support from the Allies, all had been overwhelmed by the Germans by the end of September 1943. On the island of
5795:
812:(1st Count of Mordano), one of the leading members of the Fascist hierarchy who, in his younger years, had been considered the sole credible alternative to Mussolini as leader of the
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17:
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The Armistice of Cassibile signed at Sicily was considered the 'shorter' version of the whole armistice. On 29 September, the longer version of the armistice was signed at
740:
on 12 September. The Italian forces were forcefully disbanded in the north and centre of the country, with most of Italy being occupied by the Germans, who established a
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The appointment of Badoglio did not change the position of Italy as Germany's ally in the war. However, many channels sought a peace treaty with the Allies. Meanwhile,
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In other cases, individual Italian units, mostly more minor, remained loyal to the Axis powers. Many of the units formed the nucleus of the armed forces of the puppet
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for United Kingdom, Giuseppe Castellano for Italy, Walter Bedell Smith for US, and Franco Montanari, the Italian interpreter for Castellano, at Cassibile, Sicily.
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940:. It was vital for the Germans to remain ignorant of any suggestion of Italian surrender, and the SOE was the most secure method under the circumstances.
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816:. The King was also motivated by the suspicion that the Count of Mordano's ideas about Fascism might be changed abruptly. Various ambassadors, including
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When the armistice was announced by Allied radio on the afternoon of 8 September, German forces immediately attacked Italian forces by executing
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On 27 August, General Castellano returned to Italy and, three days later, briefed Badoglio about the Allied request for a meeting to be held in
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Armistice with Italy: Employment and Disposition of Italian Fleet and Merchant Marine (Cunningham-de Courten Agreement) 23 September 1943
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led by Mussolini. The king, the Italian government and most of the Navy fled to southern Italy under the protection of the Allies. An
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by 500 airplanes was stopped at the last moment and had been Eisenhower's inducement to accelerate the procedure of the armistice.
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1379:(Italian Royal Air Force) virtually disintegrated with the announcement of the armistice on 8 September. The Allies coveted the
994:. Moreover, the actions were to be conducted contemporaneously with the signing, not to precede it, as the Italians had wanted.
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In the spring of 1943, preoccupied with the disastrous situation of the Italian military during the war, the Italian dictator,
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against Italy after the signing. In return, he received only vague promises, including launching a parachute division over
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after it had resisted German forces. A similar fate awaited 103 Italian officers of the 50th Infantry Division
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853:). However, Grandi had been told that another general of more significant personal and professional qualities (
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Robert Wallace & the editors of Time-Life Books, The Italian Campaign, Time-Life Books Inc, 1978. p. 57
1067:
That evening Castellano met with Allied officers to discuss what the Italian Government should do. General
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between Italy and the Allies. It was signed by Badoglio and Eisenhower aboard the British battleship HMS
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as the Allies. In all cases, the Italian vessels would retain their Italian crews and fly Italian flags.
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997:
The following day, Castellano was received by Badoglio and his entourage. Italy's Foreign Minister,
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On the afternoon of the same day, Badoglio had a briefing with the senior commanders of the
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The Avalon Project at Yale Law School: Terms of the Armistice with Italy; September 3, 1943
1265:
626:
567:
552:
157:
1295:. The day after the armistice had been made public, 9 September, the Allies made landings
871:, officially to help defend Italy from Allied landings but really to control the country.
8:
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129:
Treaty of peace of February 10, 1947 and the instrument of surrender on 29 September 1943
94:
63:
59:
924:
To ease communication between the Allies and the Italian government, a captured British
688:
for Italy. The armistice's signing took place at a summit in an Allied military camp at
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497:
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2235:
1945:
1681:
1660:
1637:
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1346:, with British reinforcements, would the resistance last until November 1943, and in
1292:
1284:
1231:
1072:
1060:
899:
801:, removed several figures from the government whom he considered to be more loyal to
638:
619:
609:
588:
557:
383:
345:
324:
317:
30:"Italian armistice" redirects here. For the 1918 armistice with Austria-Hungary, see
1338:
in early October 1943 after the Germans captured the island. Only on the islands of
6009:
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3284:
2507:
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2017:
1492:
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1001:, declared that the Allied conditions were to be accepted. Other generals, such as
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631:
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1059:, the British government's representative minister at the Allied Staff, informed
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and other Allied staffs looking on, in the Fairfield military camp in Cassibile.
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827:, another high member of the Fascist Directorate and Minister of Culture, and
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1423:
1418:, to sail for North Africa and to pass Corsica and Sardinia and for those at
1387:(Italian Royal Navy), with its 206 ships in total, including the battleships
1315:
887:
820:
himself, proposed the vague possibility of succeeding Mussolini as dictator.
666:
433:
228:
214:
186:
173:
152:
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and Badoglio, fled Rome on the early morning of the 9th and took shelter in
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1616:. United States Army in World War II: Mediterranean Theater of Operations.
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4280:
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1636:]. Collana di storia contemporanea (in Italian). Bologna: Il Mulino.
890:. Among the representatives of the Allies were the British Ambassador to
841:
809:
774:, the new Prime Minister of Italy after the fall of Mussolini from power.
540:
450:
910:(British Army, Eisenhower's assistant chief of staff for intelligence).
808:
To help the execution of his plan, the King asked for the assistance of
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1938:
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1129: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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that the armistice had been signed "without amendments of any kind".
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was sent to the Allies. The message, however, was intercepted by the
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Una nazione allo sbando: l'armistizio italiano del settembre 1943
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1310:
Some of the Italian troops based outside Italy, in the occupied
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1350:, Italian troops forced the German troops to leave the island.
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A Nation in Disarray: The Italian Armistice of September 1943
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1339:
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121:
Supplemented by memorandum of agreement of September 23, 1943
917:, which had been suggested by the British Ambassador to the
5452:
991:
868:
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Commander, Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force
1499:
by the Italians, but for the Allies it was considered the
62:
signing the armistice on behalf of Badoglio, with General
5418:
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954
1331:
849:. Badoglio became President of the Council of Ministers (
1283:
On 3 September, British and Canadian troops crossed the
1205:
General Giuseppe Castellano shaking hands with General
952:
Allied and Italian representatives from left to right:
66:(on his right) at Fairfield military camp in Cassibile.
2384:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
5534:
Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954
1083:(of Mediterranean Air Command), Strong, and General
906:(US Army, Eisenhower's chief of staff) and brigadier
1079:(commander 12th Air Force USAAF), Brigadier General
5796:Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum, gravesite
5609:President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports
5173:Military Governor, U.S. Occupation Zone in Germany
1546:Howard McGaw Smyth, "The Armistice of Cassibile",
1497:Additional Conditions for the Armistice with Italy
5501:U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare
6157:
5625:U.S. Department of Justice Civil Rights Division
1433:At 02:30, on 9 September, the three battleships
47:The armistice of the Italian state to the Allies
5643:Price–Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act
1714:Centro Studi della Resistenza dell'Anpi di Roma
18:Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces
5885:Statue of Dwight D. Eisenhower (U.S. Capitol)
5823:Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport
5740:Republican Party presidential primaries (1948
5036:
1738:
1380:
1287:and began landing in the southernmost tip of
1222:
976:, in Sicily, by plane and was transferred to
267:
6236:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
665:that was signed on 3 September 1943 between
5603:People to People Student Ambassador Program
5379:Khrushchev, Eisenhower and De-Stalinization
1590:
1588:
27:1943 armistice between Italy and the Allies
5043:
5029:
1745:
1731:
1703:Il diario del generale Giuseppe Castellano
778:After the surrender of the Axis powers in
274:
260:
34:. For the 1940 armistice with France, see
5765:United States Presidential election (1952
1680:] (in Italian). Milano: V. Bompiani.
1627:
1209:after signing the armistice with General
1189:Learn how and when to remove this message
5860:Dwight D. Eisenhower Army Medical Center
5685:Multiple-Use Sustained-Yield Act of 1960
5050:
1671:
1612:Garland, Albert N; Smyth, Howard McGaw.
1611:
1585:
1200:
1012:
947:
886:set the conditions for the armistice of
765:
1659:] (in Italian). Milano: U. Mursia.
1650:
1472:
14:
6158:
3599:
3577:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
1071:presided over the meeting with Smith,
677:. It was made public five days later.
5024:
4448:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
3880:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
3526:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
3482:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
2580:Rape during the occupation of Germany
1726:
1559:
1453:. Several ships suffered damage, and
1043:started to devise an effective plan,
700:. The armistice was approved by both
255:
6231:Military history of Syracuse, Sicily
6226:Peace treaties of the United Kingdom
5818:Eisenhower Executive Office Building
5755:Republican National Convention (1952
5190:Supreme Commander of NATO, 1951-1952
3570:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
2595:Rape during the liberation of France
1127:adding citations to reliable sources
1098:
867:sent several divisions south of the
281:
6221:Peace treaties of the United States
6181:Treaties entered into force in 1943
5986:Mary "Mamie" Geneva Doud Eisenhower
1021:signing the armistice with General
762:Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy
684:for the Allies and Brigade-General
24:
5672:Student loans in the United States
5447:National Aeronautics and Space Act
3796:German invasion of the Netherlands
2069:Weather events during World War II
1621:
898:, and two senior officers sent by
874:Three Italian generals (including
845:and spirited off to the island of
752:emerged in German-occupied Italy.
113:Public announcement on 8 September
25:
6262:
5808:Eisenhower National Historic Site
5568:Federal Voting Assistance Program
5546:Air Pollution Control Act of 1955
5118:1919 Motor Transport Corps convoy
4427:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
1693:
1614:Sicily and the Surrender of Italy
936:Prison and secretly moved to the
860:) would have taken the position.
823:The secret rebels later involved
723:attacking Italian forces in Italy
6139:
6138:
5524:Excise Tax Reduction Act of 1954
4987:
1752:
1528:Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947
1513:Japanese Instrument of Surrender
1501:Instrument of Surrender of Italy
1103:
234:
221:
207:
185:
172:
151:
140:
52:
6206:Italian campaign (World War II)
6075:Eisenhower baseball controversy
5620:U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
5580:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956
5442:EURATOM Cooperation Act of 1958
5153:People of Western Europe speech
5075:Supreme Allied Commander Europe
1479:Italian Instrument of Surrender
1360:
1114:needs additional citations for
680:It was signed by Major-General
5661:National Defense Education Act
5632:Federal Plant Pest Act of 1957
5148:June 6, 1944, order of the day
5133:European Theater of Operations
5067:President of the United States
4674:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
2377:Territorial changes of Germany
2285:Indonesian National Revolution
1712:8 Settembre 1943, l'armistizio
1705:, La Sicilia, 8 settembre 2003
1674:Come siamo arrivati a Brindisi
1653:25 luglio, crollo di un regime
1597:
1553:
1540:
1518:German Instrument of Surrender
1491:. The agreement included that
13:
1:
6241:Italy–United States relations
5942:Backstairs at the White House
5813:Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial
5637:Little Rock Nine intervention
5529:Internal Revenue Code of 1954
4074:Japanese invasion of Thailand
4025:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
3789:German invasion of Luxembourg
2163:Mediterranean and Middle East
1657:25 July, Collapse of a Regime
1533:
1373:(Italian Royal Army) and the
1229:(Italy's Royal Navy) and the
805:than to the Fascist regime.
755:
5905:Other tributes and memorials
5183:European Advisory Commission
3981:Invasion of the Soviet Union
3670:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
2981:Independent State of Croatia
1651:Bianchi, Gianfranco (1963).
1324:Acqui Division was massacred
1094:
926:Special Operations Executive
792:land on the Italian mainland
7:
6098:Introduction to Outer Space
6086:And I don't care what it is
5900:Places named for Eisenhower
5483:Outer Continental Shelf Act
5304:Military–industrial complex
4965:End of World War II in Asia
4805:Western invasion of Germany
4312:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
4289:Second Battle of El Alamein
3859:Hundred Regiments Offensive
3831:Battle of the Mediterranean
3684:Italian invasion of Albania
1851:Air warfare of World War II
1506:
1449:off Sardinia and launching
837:Gran Consiglio del Fascismo
790:on 10 July and prepared to
782:on 13 May 1943, the Allies
750:Italian resistance movement
10:
6267:
6176:Treaties concluded in 1943
5351:Korean Armistice Agreement
5322:Presidential Proclamations
5229:State of the Union Address
5083:Chief of Staff of the Army
4891:Naval bombardment of Japan
4259:First Battle of El Alamein
4178:Battle of Christmas Island
4123:Japanese invasion of Burma
3887:Italian invasion of Greece
3803:German invasion of Belgium
3775:German invasion of Denmark
3748:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
3617:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
1874:Comparative military ranks
1476:
1008:
881:) were separately sent to
759:
696:, which had recently been
29:
6117:
6067:
5976:
5913:
5865:Eisenhower Medical Center
5778:
5735:Draft Eisenhower movement
5727:
5708:
5585:Interstate Highway System
5512:National Wool Act of 1954
5469:
5401:Atomic Energy Act of 1954
5363:"Chance for Peace" speech
5330:
5198:
5138:Allied invasion of Sicily
5101:
5058:
4980:
4812:Bratislava–Brno offensive
4752:
4743:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
4480:
4367:Allied invasion of Sicily
4321:
4227:Aleutian Islands campaign
4199:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
4146:
4137:Greek famine of 1941–1944
4032:Second Battle of Changsha
3937:German invasion of Greece
3905:
3782:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
3757:
3695:
3590:
3471:
3197:
3107:
2948:
2651:
2642:
2400:
2225:
2117:North and Central Pacific
2078:
1840:
1833:
1760:
1628:Aga Rossi, Elena (1993).
293:
199:
165:
133:
125:
117:
109:
101:
89:
81:
71:
51:
46:
32:Armistice of Villa Giusti
6191:Politics of World War II
5936:(1949 television series)
5690:Civil Rights Act of 1960
5615:Civil Rights Act of 1957
5574:Bank Holding Company Act
5551:Agricultural Act of 1956
5507:Agricultural Act of 1954
5358:1953 Iranian coup d'état
4404:Allied invasion of Italy
4381:Solomon Islands campaign
4130:Third Battle of Changsha
3727:First Battle of Changsha
3633:Second Sino-Japanese War
2566:German military brothels
2432:United States war crimes
1672:Marchesi, Luigi (1969).
1565:Between Silk and Cyanide
1138:"Armistice of Cassibile"
1087:(Deputy Chief of Staff,
965:and some minor islands.
943:
896:Sir Ronald Hugh Campbell
833:Grand Council of Fascism
36:Franco-Italian armistice
6216:Peace treaties of Italy
6201:Instrument of Surrender
5958:Ike: Countdown to D-Day
5539:Small Watershed Program
4826:Second Guangxi campaign
4681:Philippines (1944–1945)
4185:Battle of the Coral Sea
4088:Fall of the Philippines
3734:Battle of South Guangxi
3640:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
3039:Italian Social Republic
1355:Italian Social Republic
746:Italian Social Republic
713:Prime Minister of Italy
659:Armistizio di Cassibile
5828:Eisenhower Fellowships
5143:Armistice of Cassibile
4411:Armistice of Cassibile
4213:Battle of Dutch Harbor
4164:Battle of the Java Sea
4067:Attack on Pearl Harbor
3967:Syria–Lebanon campaign
3960:Battle of South Shanxi
3930:Invasion of Yugoslavia
3713:Battle of the Atlantic
3327:Korean Liberation Army
3033:(until September 1943)
2990:(until September 1944)
2968:(until September 1944)
1678:How We got to Brindisi
1381:
1244:82nd Airborne Division
1223:
1214:
1026:
957:
814:National Fascist Party
775:
698:occupied by the Allies
651:Armistice of Cassibile
42:Armistice of Cassibile
6211:World War II treaties
6186:September 1943 events
6092:Atoms for Peace Award
6028:Ida Stover Eisenhower
6024:(great-granddaughter)
5597:Fish and Wildlife Act
5477:Executive Order 10479
5286:Judicial appointments
5178:Disarmed Enemy Forces
4575:Second Battle of Guam
4471:Bengal famine of 1943
4441:Second Battle of Kiev
4397:Battle of the Dnieper
4102:Battle of Wake Island
3974:East African campaign
3916:Battle of South Henan
3561:atrocities by Germans
3334:Korean Volunteer Army
2308:Occupation of Germany
2062:Music in World War II
1523:Badoglio Proclamation
1204:
1081:Patrick W. Timberlake
1016:
951:
769:
711:, who was serving as
575:1945 Spring Offensive
6251:Dwight D. Eisenhower
6058:Milton S. Eisenhower
6016:Mary Jean Eisenhower
5875:Eisenhower Golf Club
5833:Eisenhower Institute
5679:Hawaii Admission Act
5667:Federal Perkins Loan
5655:Humane Slaughter Act
5649:Alaska Statehood Act
5517:Special Milk Program
5052:Dwight D. Eisenhower
4861:Surrender of Germany
4339:Battle of West Hubei
4296:Guadalcanal campaign
4266:Battle of Stalingrad
4192:Battle of Madagascar
2959:Albania protectorate
2746:(formerly Swaziland)
2455:Wehrmacht war crimes
2271:Expulsion of Germans
2055:Art and World War II
1953:British contribution
1902:Governments in exile
1473:The 'long' armistice
1123:improve this article
932:, was released from
405:Armistice with Italy
158:Dwight D. Eisenhower
6246:Victor Emmanuel III
6040:Edgar N. Eisenhower
5855:U.S. Postage stamps
5838:Eisenhower Monument
5495:Submerged Lands Act
5340:Eisenhower Doctrine
5163:Operation Veritable
5123:Louisiana Maneuvers
4951:Potsdam Declaration
4840:Italy (Spring 1945)
4603:Liberation of Paris
4060:Siege of Sevastopol
3071:(until August 1944)
2974:Wang Jingwei regime
2796:from September 1943
2756:from September 1944
2694:from September 1944
2554:Romanian war crimes
2545:Persecution of Jews
2531:Croatian war crimes
2501:Japanese war crimes
2315:Occupation of Japan
2264:First Indochina War
1976:Military production
1888:Declarations of war
1550:12:1 (1948), 12–35.
1211:Walter Bedell Smith
1207:Dwight D Eisenhower
1023:Giuseppe Castellano
1019:Walter Bedell Smith
972:Castellano reached
904:Walter Bedell Smith
879:Giuseppe Castellano
803:Victor Emmanuel III
702:Victor Emmanuel III
686:Giuseppe Castellano
682:Walter Bedell Smith
192:Walter Bedell Smith
179:Giuseppe Castellano
64:Walter Bedell Smith
60:Giuseppe Castellano
43:
6052:Earl D. Eisenhower
5880:Eisenhower Theater
5590:Highway Trust Fund
5489:Refugee Relief Act
5389:1955 Geneva Summit
5312:Kennedy transition
5168:Berlin Declaration
4944:Surrender of Japan
4777:Battle of Iwo Jima
4626:Belgrade offensive
4039:Siege of Leningrad
3923:Battle of Shanggao
3852:British Somaliland
3817:Dunkirk evacuation
3768:Norwegian campaign
3706:Invasion of Poland
3533:Japanese prisoners
2494:Italian war crimes
2425:British war crimes
2340:Soviet occupations
2124:South-West Pacific
2011:Allied cooperation
1969:Military equipment
1215:
1027:
999:Raffaele Guariglia
958:
776:
297:Invasion of Sicily
41:
6153:
6152:
6130:John F. Kennedy →
6123:← Harry S. Truman
6034:Arthur Eisenhower
6022:Jennie Eisenhower
5952:(1979 miniseries)
5944:(1979 miniseries)
5934:Crusade in Europe
5923:Eisenhower jacket
5870:Eisenhower Trophy
5843:Eisenhower dollar
5717:Crusade in Europe
5704:
5703:
5561:Soil Bank Program
5394:1960 U-2 incident
5224:1957 inauguration
5219:1953 inauguration
5158:Normandy landings
5018:
5017:
4976:
4975:
4819:Battle of Okinawa
4718:Burma (1944–1945)
4552:Mariana and Palau
4332:Tunisian campaign
4157:Fall of Singapore
4081:Fall of Hong Kong
3824:Battle of Britain
3677:Operation Himmler
3586:
3585:
3250:Dutch East Indies
2886:Southern Rhodesia
2638:
2637:
2538:Genocide of Serbs
2441:German war crimes
2418:Soviet war crimes
2411:Allied war crimes
2257:Division of Korea
2236:Chinese Civil War
2034:Strategic bombing
1946:Manhattan Project
1643:978-8-81-504136-4
1376:Regia Aeronautica
1330:on the island of
1293:Operation Baytown
1285:Strait of Messina
1232:Regia Aeronautica
1199:
1198:
1191:
1173:
1073:Lowell Ward Rooks
1061:Winston Churchill
900:Dwight Eisenhower
646:
645:
639:Italian Civil War
377:Invasion of Italy
250:
249:
16:(Redirected from
6258:
6171:1943 in politics
6142:
6141:
6010:Susan Eisenhower
5998:David Eisenhower
5895:Mount Eisenhower
5328:
5327:
5317:Executive Orders
5298:Farewell address
5094:
5086:
5078:
5070:
5045:
5038:
5031:
5022:
5021:
5011:
5004:
4997:
4994:World portal
4992:
4991:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4937:
4930:
4923:
4914:
4907:
4900:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4870:
4863:
4856:
4854:Prague offensive
4849:
4847:Battle of Berlin
4842:
4835:
4828:
4821:
4814:
4807:
4800:
4793:
4791:Vienna offensive
4786:
4779:
4772:
4770:Battle of Manila
4765:
4745:
4736:
4727:
4720:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4660:
4651:
4644:
4635:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4605:
4598:
4591:
4584:
4577:
4570:
4563:
4554:
4547:
4538:
4529:
4520:
4513:
4511:Korsun–Cherkassy
4506:
4495:
4473:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4436:
4429:
4422:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4383:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4353:Bombing of Gorky
4348:
4341:
4334:
4314:
4307:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4275:
4268:
4261:
4254:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4220:Battle of Midway
4215:
4208:
4206:Battle of Gazala
4201:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4116:Battle of Borneo
4111:
4109:Malayan campaign
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4053:Bombing of Gorky
4048:
4046:Battle of Moscow
4041:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3925:
3918:
3898:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3810:Battle of France
3805:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3665:
3663:Munich Agreement
3658:
3651:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3619:
3612:
3597:
3596:
3579:
3572:
3563:
3556:
3549:
3548:Soviet prisoners
3542:
3535:
3528:
3519:
3512:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3488:German prisoners
3484:
3464:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3436:
3429:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
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3217:
3210:
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3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3041:
3034:
3026:
3019:
3017:French Indochina
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2961:
2941:
2932:
2925:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2864:from August 1944
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2747:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2649:
2648:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2590:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2556:
2547:
2540:
2533:
2524:
2517:
2510:
2508:Nanjing Massacre
2503:
2496:
2487:
2485:Nuremberg trials
2478:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2413:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2218:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2089:Asia and Pacific
2071:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2020:
2018:Mulberry harbour
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1860:
1853:
1838:
1837:
1826:
1819:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
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1768:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1724:
1723:
1710:
1701:
1689:
1668:
1647:
1617:
1604:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1583:
1582:
1557:
1551:
1548:Military Affairs
1544:
1493:Benito Mussolini
1386:
1228:
1194:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1172:
1131:
1107:
1099:
1069:Harold Alexander
1057:Harold Macmillan
902:: major-general
799:Benito Mussolini
738:Benito Mussolini
463:Monte la Difensa
288:
286:
285:Italian Campaign
276:
269:
262:
253:
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224:
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211:
210:
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189:
177:
176:
156:
155:
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105:8 September 1943
93:Fairfield Camp,
85:3 September 1943
58:Italian General
56:
44:
40:
21:
6266:
6265:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6156:
6155:
6154:
6149:
6113:
6063:
6018:(granddaughter)
6012:(granddaughter)
6006:(granddaughter)
6004:Anne Eisenhower
5992:John Eisenhower
5972:
5928:Eisenhower Tree
5915:
5909:
5890:Fort Eisenhower
5774:
5723:
5700:
5470:Domestic policy
5465:
5411:Restricted Data
5406:Atoms for Peace
5384:New Look policy
5326:
5202:
5194:
5128:Operation Torch
5113:Military career
5104:
5097:
5089:
5081:
5073:
5062:
5054:
5049:
5019:
5014:
5007:
5000:
4986:
4984:
4972:
4963:
4956:
4949:
4942:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4910:
4905:Atomic bombings
4903:
4896:
4889:
4882:
4875:
4866:
4859:
4852:
4845:
4838:
4831:
4824:
4817:
4810:
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4686:
4679:
4672:
4663:
4654:
4647:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4608:
4601:
4596:Eastern Romania
4594:
4589:Warsaw Uprising
4587:
4582:Tannenberg Line
4580:
4573:
4568:Western Ukraine
4566:
4557:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4523:
4516:
4509:
4498:
4489:
4476:
4469:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4360:Battle of Kursk
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4317:
4310:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4248:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4171:St Nazaire Raid
4169:
4162:
4155:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4044:
4037:
4030:
4023:
4016:
4009:
3995:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3953:Anglo-Iraqi War
3951:
3944:Battle of Crete
3942:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3901:
3892:
3885:
3878:
3873:Eastern Romania
3871:
3864:
3857:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3691:
3682:
3675:
3668:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3615:
3608:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3559:
3552:
3547:
3538:
3531:
3524:
3515:
3508:
3499:
3492:
3487:
3480:
3467:
3460:
3451:
3444:
3439:
3434:Western Ukraine
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3378:Northeast China
3376:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3077:Slovak Republic
3075:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3048:Empire of Japan
3046:
3037:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2964:
2957:
2944:
2937:
2928:
2921:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2809:
2802:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2750:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2634:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2593:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2560:Sexual violence
2559:
2552:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2483:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2313:
2306:
2299:
2290:
2283:
2278:Greek Civil War
2276:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2103:South-East Asia
2101:
2094:
2087:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1962:Military awards
1960:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1865:
1856:
1849:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1787:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1756:
1751:
1708:
1699:
1696:
1644:
1624:
1622:Further reading
1608:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1558:
1554:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1509:
1481:
1475:
1439:Vittorio Veneto
1396:Vittorio Veneto
1365:
1256:Operation Achse
1195:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1132:
1130:
1120:
1108:
1097:
1089:15th Army Group
1085:Lyman Lemnitzer
1066:
1045:Operation Achse
1029:A confirmation
1011:
1003:Giacomo Carboni
974:Termini Imerese
970:Brigade General
946:
876:Brigade General
858:Enrico Caviglia
825:Giuseppe Bottai
818:Pietro Badoglio
772:Pietro Badoglio
764:
758:
727:southern France
709:Pietro Badoglio
647:
642:
636:
429:Vatican bombing
300:
289:
284:
282:
280:
246:
235:
233:
222:
220:
217:
208:
206:
184:
181:
171:
150:
149:
147:Pietro Badoglio
139:
67:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6264:
6254:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6134:
6133:
6126:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6094:
6089:
6082:
6077:
6071:
6069:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6061:
6055:
6049:
6046:Roy Eisenhower
6043:
6037:
6031:
6025:
6019:
6013:
6007:
6001:
5995:
5989:
5982:
5980:
5974:
5973:
5971:
5970:
5962:
5954:
5946:
5938:
5930:
5925:
5919:
5917:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5851:
5850:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5804:
5803:
5793:
5788:
5782:
5780:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5731:
5729:
5725:
5724:
5722:
5721:
5712:
5710:
5706:
5705:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5698:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5676:
5675:
5674:
5669:
5658:
5652:
5646:
5640:
5634:
5629:
5628:
5627:
5622:
5612:
5606:
5600:
5594:
5593:
5592:
5587:
5577:
5571:
5565:
5564:
5563:
5558:
5548:
5543:
5542:
5541:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5520:
5519:
5514:
5504:
5498:
5492:
5486:
5480:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5457:
5456:
5455:
5444:
5439:
5433:
5427:
5426:
5425:
5423:Food for Peace
5415:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5366:
5360:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5342:
5336:
5334:
5332:Foreign policy
5325:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5308:
5307:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5283:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5210:
5208:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5180:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5109:
5107:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5095:
5087:
5079:
5071:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5048:
5047:
5040:
5033:
5025:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5012:
5005:
4998:
4981:
4978:
4977:
4974:
4973:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4968:
4961:
4954:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4924:
4921:South Sakhalin
4917:
4916:
4915:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4880:
4873:
4872:
4871:
4857:
4850:
4843:
4836:
4829:
4822:
4815:
4808:
4801:
4794:
4787:
4780:
4773:
4766:
4758:
4756:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4746:
4739:
4738:
4737:
4721:
4714:
4713:
4712:
4698:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4670:
4661:
4652:
4645:
4636:
4629:
4622:
4615:
4606:
4599:
4592:
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4555:
4548:
4539:
4530:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4496:
4486:
4484:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4474:
4467:
4466:
4465:
4458:
4444:
4437:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4400:
4393:
4384:
4377:
4370:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4346:Battle of Attu
4342:
4335:
4327:
4325:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4308:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4237:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4152:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4095:Battle of Guam
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4018:Battle of Kiev
4014:
4007:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3911:
3909:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3763:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3701:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3636:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3605:
3603:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3557:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3529:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3517:United Kingdom
3513:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3485:
3477:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3449:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3330:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3203:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3113:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2962:
2954:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2914:British Empire
2907:United Kingdom
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2748:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2723:Czechoslovakia
2719:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2657:
2655:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2620:Rape of Manila
2616:
2609:
2602:
2591:
2576:
2569:
2557:
2550:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2497:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2472:
2458:
2451:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2391:United Nations
2387:
2380:
2373:
2372:
2371:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2336:
2327:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2288:
2281:
2274:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2250:Decolonization
2246:
2239:
2231:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2196:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2022:
2021:
2014:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1942:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1926:
1923:United Kingdom
1919:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1846:
1844:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1804:
1797:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1769:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1706:
1695:
1694:External links
1692:
1691:
1690:
1669:
1648:
1642:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1606:
1605:
1596:
1584:
1577:
1571:. chapter 47.
1552:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1508:
1505:
1477:Main article:
1474:
1471:
1426:, to sail for
1370:Regio Esercito
1364:
1359:
1322:, the Italian
1261:Regio Esercito
1258:. Most of the
1197:
1196:
1111:
1109:
1102:
1096:
1093:
1077:John K. Cannon
1010:
1007:
980:, a town near
968:On 31 August,
954:Kenneth Strong
945:
942:
908:Kenneth Strong
851:Prime Minister
829:Galeazzo Ciano
788:invaded Sicily
760:Main article:
757:
754:
644:
643:
635:
634:
629:
624:
617:
612:
607:
600:
593:
586:
571:
570:
565:
563:Monte Castello
560:
555:
550:
537:
536:
531:
526:
524:Trasimene Line
521:
514:
507:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
458:Bernhardt Line
447:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
419:
414:
407:
402:
395:
388:
373:
372:
367:
362:
357:
350:
343:
336:
329:
322:
315:
308:
294:
291:
290:
279:
278:
271:
264:
256:
248:
247:
245:
244:
242:United Kingdom
231:
218:
203:
201:
197:
196:
195:
194:
182:
167:
163:
162:
161:
160:
135:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
57:
49:
48:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6263:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6166:1943 in Italy
6164:
6163:
6161:
6146:
6145:
6136:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6120:
6119:
6116:
6110:
6109:Kay Summersby
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6099:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6087:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6072:
6070:
6066:
6059:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6044:
6041:
6038:
6035:
6032:
6029:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6011:
6008:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5996:
5993:
5990:
5987:
5984:
5983:
5981:
5979:
5975:
5969:
5967:
5963:
5961:
5959:
5955:
5953:
5951:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5939:
5937:
5935:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5912:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5849:
5848:commemorative
5846:
5845:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5814:
5811:
5809:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5798:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5777:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5726:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5713:
5711:
5707:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5680:
5677:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5663:
5662:
5659:
5656:
5653:
5650:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5616:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5578:
5575:
5572:
5569:
5566:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5556:Soil Bank Act
5554:
5553:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5505:
5502:
5499:
5496:
5493:
5490:
5487:
5484:
5481:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5449:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5374:Domino theory
5372:
5371:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5352:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5305:
5301:
5300:
5299:
5296:
5292:
5291:Supreme Court
5289:
5288:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5231:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5201:
5197:
5191:
5188:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5100:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5065:
5061:
5060:
5057:
5053:
5046:
5041:
5039:
5034:
5032:
5027:
5026:
5023:
5010:
5006:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4983:
4982:
4979:
4966:
4962:
4959:
4955:
4952:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4936:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4928:Kuril Islands
4925:
4922:
4918:
4913:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4902:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4881:
4878:
4874:
4869:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4851:
4848:
4844:
4841:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4802:
4799:
4795:
4792:
4788:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4774:
4771:
4767:
4764:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4744:
4740:
4735:
4734:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4722:
4719:
4715:
4710:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4695:Syrmian Front
4692:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4662:
4659:
4658:
4653:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4641:Market Garden
4637:
4634:
4630:
4627:
4623:
4620:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4604:
4600:
4597:
4593:
4590:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4537:
4536:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4519:
4515:
4512:
4508:
4505:
4501:
4500:Monte Cassino
4497:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4472:
4468:
4463:
4459:
4456:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4431:
4428:
4424:
4421:
4417:
4412:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4274:
4270:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4071:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4008:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3964:
3961:
3957:
3954:
3950:
3945:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3931:
3927:
3924:
3920:
3917:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3888:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3866:Baltic states
3863:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3821:
3818:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3674:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3589:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3567:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3546:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3518:
3514:
3511:
3510:United States
3507:
3502:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3483:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3463:
3459:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3446:Quốc dân Đảng
3443:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3431:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3403:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3344:
3340:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3303:
3300:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3261:
3258:
3254:
3251:
3247:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3146:Liechtenstein
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3122:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3099:
3098:Collaboration
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2940:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:United States
2920:
2915:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2613:Comfort women
2610:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2597: /
2596:
2592:
2589:
2586: /
2585:
2582: /
2581:
2577:
2574:
2573:Camp brothels
2570:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:The Holocaust
2459:
2456:
2452:
2449:
2448:forced labour
2445:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:Marshall Plan
2298:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2224:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2155:
2154:Eastern Front
2151:
2148:
2147:Western Front
2144:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2041:Puppet states
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1983:Naval history
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1930:United States
1927:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1743:
1741:
1736:
1734:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1610:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1589:
1580:
1578:0-00-255944-7
1574:
1570:
1569:HarperCollins
1566:
1562:
1556:
1549:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1424:heel of Italy
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1336:who were shot
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:Greek islands
1313:
1308:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1193:
1190:
1182:
1179:December 2023
1171:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1140: –
1139:
1135:
1134:Find sources:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1112:This section
1110:
1106:
1101:
1100:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1006:
1004:
1000:
995:
993:
989:
988:
983:
979:
975:
971:
966:
964:
955:
950:
941:
939:
935:
931:
928:(SOE) agent,
927:
922:
920:
916:
911:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
884:
880:
877:
872:
870:
866:
861:
859:
856:
852:
848:
844:
843:
838:
834:
830:
826:
821:
819:
815:
811:
806:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
781:
773:
768:
763:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
736:
732:
728:
724:
721:responded by
720:
716:
715:at the time.
714:
710:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
641:
640:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
622:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
605:
601:
599:
598:
594:
592:
591:
587:
585:
584:
580:
579:
578:
577:
576:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
545:
544:
543:
542:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
519:
515:
513:
512:
508:
506:
505:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
488:Monte Cassino
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
455:
454:
453:
452:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
434:Volturno Line
432:
430:
427:
425:
424:
420:
418:
415:
413:
412:
408:
406:
403:
401:
400:
396:
394:
393:
389:
387:
386:
382:
381:
380:
379:
378:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
355:
351:
349:
348:
344:
342:
341:
337:
335:
334:
330:
328:
327:
323:
321:
320:
316:
314:
313:
309:
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6104:Eddie Slovik
6096:
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5957:
5949:
5941:
5933:
5801:Boyhood home
5786:Bibliography
5716:
5460:Operation 40
5142:
5002:Bibliography
4985:
4798:Project Hula
4763:Vistula–Oder
4732:
4665:
4656:
4640:
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3838:North Africa
3540:Soviet Union
3494:Soviet Union
3420:Soviet Union
3188:Vatican City
3091:Vichy France
2996:German Reich
2893:Soviet Union
2879:South Africa
2872:Sierra Leone
2825:Newfoundland
2644:Participants
2627:Marocchinate
2331:
2322:
2292:
2170:North Africa
2131:Indian Ocean
1990:Nazi plunder
1881:Cryptography
1754:World War II
1709:(In Italian)
1700:(In Italian)
1677:
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1374:
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1361:
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1282:
1276:and part of
1266:royal family
1259:
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1225:Regia Marina
1220:
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1185:
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1133:
1121:Please help
1116:verification
1113:
1065:
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1040:
1034:
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996:
985:
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959:
930:Dick Mallaby
923:
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865:Adolf Hitler
862:
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780:North Africa
777:
742:puppet state
719:Nazi Germany
717:
679:
675:World War II
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5968:(2014 play)
5960:(2004 film)
5430:Suez Crisis
5093:(1943–1945)
5085:(1945–1948)
5077:(1951–1952)
5069:(1953–1961)
4733:Bodenplatte
4619:Gothic Line
3845:West Africa
3392:Philippines
3371:Netherlands
3236:Czech lands
3174:Switzerland
3118:Afghanistan
3062:Philippines
2930:Puerto Rico
2846:Philippines
2832:New Zealand
2818:Netherlands
2771:Free France
2522:Prosecution
2323:Osoaviakhim
2193:West Africa
2177:East Africa
1824:Conferences
1213:looking on.
842:carabinieri
810:Dino Grandi
786:on 16 May,
784:bombed Rome
615:Argenta Gap
541:Gothic Line
451:Winter Line
166:Signatories
134:Negotiators
126:Replaced by
6196:Armistices
6160:Categories
6080:Camp David
6000:(grandson)
5791:Birthplace
5345:Korean War
5214:Transition
5200:Presidency
4833:West Hunan
4666:Pointblank
4002:Silver Fox
3988:Summer War
3741:Winter War
3720:Phoney War
3501:Azerbaijan
3462:Yugoslavia
3357:Luxembourg
3199:Resistance
2939:Yugoslavia
2804:Luxembourg
2606:Sook Ching
2402:War crimes
2004:Technology
1997:Opposition
1939:Lend-Lease
1916:Australian
1909:Home front
1867:Blitzkrieg
1817:Casualties
1808:Commanders
1780:Operations
1567:. London:
1561:Marks, Leo
1534:References
1403:(known as
1320:Cephalonia
1301:at Taranto
1297:at Salerno
1249:Eisenhower
1149:newspapers
756:Background
627:Collecchio
568:Garfagnana
553:San Marino
468:San Pietro
6060:(brother)
6054:(brother)
6048:(brother)
6042:(brother)
6036:(brother)
5728:Elections
5695:Sikes Act
4898:Manchuria
4784:Indochina
4560:Bagration
4011:Lithuania
3656:Anschluss
3453:Viet Minh
3350:Lithuania
3292:Hong Kong
3055:Manchukuo
3010:Azad Hind
2669:Australia
2469:Aftermath
2332:Paperclip
2227:Aftermath
2027:Total war
1895:Diplomacy
1858:In Europe
1447:air cover
1422:, in the
1412:La Spezia
1367:Both the
1095:Aftermath
1041:Wehrmacht
1036:Wehrmacht
987:Wehrmacht
978:Cassibile
938:Quirinale
690:Cassibile
663:armistice
661:) was an
444:Bari raid
399:Slapstick
392:Avalanche
370:Centuripe
340:Narcissus
312:Mincemeat
305:Corkscrew
118:Amendment
110:Condition
102:Effective
95:Cassibile
76:Armistice
6144:Category
6030:(mother)
5966:Pressure
5369:Cold War
5205:timeline
5103:Military
5009:Category
4958:document
4868:document
4725:Ardennes
4709:Budapest
4657:Crossbow
4535:Overlord
4374:Smolensk
3592:Timeline
3427:Slovakia
3413:Thailand
3264:Ethiopia
3229:Bulgaria
3153:Portugal
3084:Thailand
2966:Bulgaria
2744:Eswatini
2737:Ethiopia
2690:Bulgaria
2515:Unit 731
2476:Response
2293:Keelhaul
2243:Cold War
2216:Americas
2207:timeline
2200:Atlantic
2080:Theaters
1686:13193077
1665:29094766
1563:(1998).
1507:See also
1406:Littorio
1289:Calabria
1274:Sardinia
1270:Brindisi
1031:telegram
1017:General
982:Syracuse
892:Portugal
770:Marshal
729:and the
669:and the
511:Strangle
498:Cisterna
354:Ladbroke
333:Chestnut
90:Location
6068:Related
5916:culture
5914:Popular
5281:Cabinet
4935:Shumshu
4702:Hungary
4649:Estonia
4633:Lapland
4611:Dragoon
4544:Neptune
4526:Ichi-Go
4492:Tempest
4434:Changde
4389:Cottage
4281:Jubilee
3997:Finland
3895:Compass
3601:Prelude
3554:Finland
3440:Vietnam
3406:Romania
3278:Germany
3257:Estonia
3243:Denmark
3222:Belgium
3215:Austria
3208:Albania
3139:Ireland
3125:Andorra
3109:Neutral
3069:Romania
3003:Hungary
2988:Finland
2860:Romania
2752:Finland
2730:Denmark
2676:Belgium
2662:Algeria
2368:Romania
2354:Hungary
2110:Pacific
1834:General
1788:Leaders
1773:Battles
1766:Outline
1459:Menorca
1420:Taranto
1348:Corsica
1312:Balkans
1291:during
1163:scholar
1009:Signing
919:Vatican
855:Marshal
735:freeing
731:Balkans
706:Marshal
673:during
655:Italian
632:Trieste
621:Herring
610:Bologna
590:Tombola
558:Gemmano
385:Baytown
347:Fustian
326:Animals
319:Barclay
200:Parties
97:, Italy
5988:(wife)
5978:Family
5779:Legacy
5719:(1948)
5697:(1960)
5681:(1959)
5665:1958;
5657:(1958)
5651:(1958)
5645:(1957)
5639:(1957)
5611:(1956)
5605:(1956)
5599:(1956)
5576:(1956)
5570:(1955)
5503:(1953)
5497:(1953)
5491:(1953)
5485:(1953)
5479:(1953)
5462:(1960)
5451:1958;
5438:(1958)
5432:(1956)
5365:(1953)
5349:1953;
5105:career
4912:Debate
4884:Taipei
4877:Borneo
4455:Tarawa
3649:Europe
3610:Africa
3399:Poland
3385:Norway
3364:Malaya
3343:Latvia
3285:Greece
3271:France
3167:Sweden
3132:Bhutan
2853:Poland
2839:Norway
2811:Mexico
2778:Greece
2764:France
2702:Canada
2683:Brazil
2653:Allies
2599:Serbia
2588:Poland
2361:Poland
2347:Baltic
2140:Europe
1842:Topics
1794:Allied
1684:
1663:
1640:
1575:
1489:Nelson
1443:Italia
1441:, and
1401:Italia
1399:, and
1328:Regina
1278:Apulia
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1136:
1075:, and
963:Sicily
934:Verona
915:Sicily
883:Lisbon
744:, the
733:, and
694:Sicily
671:Allies
597:Bowler
583:Encore
548:Rimini
529:Ancona
504:Diadem
483:Rapido
478:Ortona
417:Naples
365:Troina
239:
226:
212:
82:Signed
5994:(son)
5770:1956)
5760:1956)
5750:1956)
5709:Books
5436:DARPA
4688:Leyte
4518:Narva
4504:Anzio
4462:Makin
4420:Burma
4304:Torch
4273:Rzhev
4234:Kiska
3320:Korea
3306:Japan
3299:Italy
3181:Tibet
3160:Spain
3031:Italy
2792:Italy
2785:India
2709:China
2584:Japan
2184:Italy
2096:China
2048:Women
1676:[
1655:[
1632:[
1485:Malta
1428:Malta
1416:Genoa
1344:Samos
1340:Leros
1170:JSTOR
1156:books
944:Terms
888:Italy
847:Ponza
667:Italy
604:Roast
493:Anzio
423:Devon
411:Achse
215:Italy
5745:1952
5453:NASA
5274:1961
5269:1960
5264:1959
5259:1958
5254:1957
5249:1956
5244:1955
5239:1955
5234:1953
5064:34th
4754:1945
4482:1944
4323:1943
4251:Blue
4241:Attu
4148:1942
3907:1941
3759:1940
3697:1939
3626:Asia
3473:POWs
3313:Jews
3024:Iraq
2950:Axis
2900:Tuva
2716:Cuba
1801:Axis
1682:OCLC
1661:OCLC
1638:ISBN
1573:ISBN
1455:Roma
1435:Roma
1414:and
1390:Roma
1342:and
1314:and
1299:and
1142:news
1091:).
992:Rome
869:Alps
704:and
649:The
534:Elba
473:Moro
360:Gela
72:Type
5950:Ike
1461:".
1332:Kos
1125:by
6162::
4502:/
1587:^
1503:.
1437:,
1430:.
1393:,
1357:.
1334:,
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921:.
894:,
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725:,
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5207:)
5203:(
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2862:(
2798:)
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