33:
493:
610:
399:
338:
The unexpected death of Henry IV Probus in 1290 caused a complete change in
Silesian politics. Bolko I's brother Henry V the Fat occupied Wroclaw and took control of all of Henry IV's domains, but had to face the opposition of the Wroclaw nobility and the pretensions of the rightful heir of Henry IV,
370:
The 1290s were also a period of difficult relations with the neighboring
Kingdom of Bohemia. It is unknown why relations between them altered, but this could be probably thanks to the willingness of the Duke of Jawor-Świdnica. Bolko I, in order to secure his domains, began the intensive building of
500:
To resolve the tense situation in Upper
Silesia, by March 1297 an annual congress of Silesian Dukes in Zwanowicach was convened, where Bolko I made the final settlement with Henry III. Bolko I spent the last years of his life strengthening his position as the most powerful of the Silesian princes,
429:
finally erupted in 1295 and war began. The
Bohemian King did not expect a significant resistance; however, to his great surprise, he had to watch the effective defense of the Duke of Jawor. In the war with Bohemia, Bolko I could use the fortifications built by him (the Bohemian army was stopped at
442:
castle. Bolko I's regency had to face several difficulties: first, the resistance of the powerful Wrocław nobility, who feared that the well-known Bolko I's hard rule could affect their privileges. Soon, Henry III of Głogów decided to exploit the difficulties of the Duke of Jawor and began a war
437:
At the beginning of 1296 Henry V the Fat died, leaving three minor sons. As the closest male relative, the guardianship of Henry V's children and the regency of his domains were given to Bolko I. In this situation Bolko I tried to extract all the benefits he could and took for himself
367:. The help for Henry V, however, was inadequate; at the end, Henry V was defeated and imprisoned in an iron cage by Henry III. Named regent of Henry V's domains during his absence, Bolko I never attempted to obtain the release of his brother.
1709:"He built a strong Świdnica. 720 years since the death of Bolko I the Strict. A special edition of the Świdnica Historical Magazine! - Swidnica24.pl - events, information, entertainment, culture, politics, interviews, accidents"
434:, which eventually led King Wenceslaus II to seek a settlement. The peace was signed most likely at the beginning of 1297, since on 2 June of that year Bolko I was present at the coronation of King Wenceslaus II in Prague.
443:
against him. However, in this instance, Bolko I achieved a complete success, not only because he managed to repel the invasion of the Duke of Głogów, but additionally he managed to take the castles of
191:
239:
Most likely because he was still too young to actively participate in politics, Bolko appears rarely in the chronicles before his father's death. It is possible that he took part in the victorious
482:
1845:
316:
After the death of his brother
Bernard in 1286 without issue, Bolko I inherited the Duchy of Lwówek, by virtue of a reciprocal inheritance treaty signed by the brothers around 1281.
1708:
293:
on 19 April 1279; however, because of the close relationship between groom and bride, the formal wedding was performed more than five years later, in 1284 (although the Papal
512:
assumed the regency of his domains and the guardianship of his children. The custody of Henry V's sons and the regency of his lands was taken by King
Wenceslaus II.
430:
Kamienna Góra). Bolko I also demonstrated that he was a wise politician; immediately after stopping the
Bohemian troops, he put his domains under the protection of
2012:
323:. On several occasions, he travelled to Prague and took part in many court ceremonies, for example in 1289, when Bolko I took part in the homage of Duke
240:
327:
to King
Wenceslaus II. However, despite the fact that Bolko I strongly resisted the complete dominance of Prague, he received minor benefits from the
1365:
319:
In the second half of the 1280s, Bolko I tried to avoid the dangers from the rising power of Henry IV Probus and began to approach the King
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529:
509:
343:. Bolko I decided to give his brother assistance; however, the price for it was quite high. Only after Henry V gave him the towns of
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486:
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471:
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1545:
631:
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340:
266:. In 1281 Bolko I and Bernard divided their domains: Bernard kept Lwówek, and Bolko I became in sole ruler of Jawor.
639:
1428:
1027:
422:. Forced by this actions, Bolko I renounced his pretensions and freed the Bishop's castles that he had occupied.
313:
in the following year, instead of expected successes, brought him a retaliatory action from the Duke of
Wroclaw.
269:
One of the first tasks of Bolko I as sole ruler was to protect his modest inheritance from the growing power of
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635:
294:
1807:
1671:
819:
558:
1729:
545:
212:(Jauer) after 1278 (with his brother as co-ruler until 1281), sole Duke of Lwówek after 1286, Duke of
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1216:
348:
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320:
278:
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624:
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102:
903:
229:
144:
2017:
1486:
1935:
1927:
1694:
1063:
702:
582:
564:
554:
508:. He was succeeded by his sons, but because they were minors at that time, his brother-in-law
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120:
116:
2002:
1945:
1904:
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to allow the wedding was announced only one year later, in 1285). Bolko I's relation to the
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2007:
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1089:
969:
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decided to use the biggest weapons available to him against the Duke: in 1294 Bolko I was
8:
1310:
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728:
783:
478:
431:
328:
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Anna (b. posthumously, 21 November 1301 – d. bef. 24 June 1334), Abbess of St. Clara,
454:
Bolko I was energetic in developing his lands and building castles. Although a Slavic
371:
fortifications in his Duchy (particularly in the
Bohemian frontier towns of Świdnica,
1797:
877:
845:
426:
505:
74:
1982:
1971:
1952:
1931:
1913:
1890:
1730:"Lost Medieval Village Discovered With Aerial Laser Scanner - Archaeology Magazine"
1121:
570:
324:
298:
124:
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281:. In order to cement this alliance, a marriage was arranged between Bolko I and
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1996:
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38:
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which he achieved after his recognition as a Papal vassal on 21 March 1299.
32:
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Judith (b. ca. 1287 – d. Landshut, 15 September 1320), married in 1299 to
1755:"Long-lost medieval village of 'Bolko I the Strict' discovered in Poland"
533:
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213:
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1822:
A Local Society in Transition: The Henryków Book and Related Documents
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Bolesław II died on 26 December 1278. Bolko I and his younger brother
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557:(b. 1290 – d. Munich, 25 August 1322), married by 14 October 1308 to
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1816:(NDB), volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, p. 431
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Bolko I was known a patron of literature. An 8000 line poem in
310:
455:
277:. To that end, he decided to enter into an alliance with the
251:
209:
489:, was composed by an unnamed priest at Bolko's instigation.
504:
Bolko I died suddenly on 9 November 1301 and was buried in
406:
an attempt was made to reconstruct the medieval polychrome.
383:). After this, Bolko I tried to take full control over the
289:
of Brandenburg. The betrothal was performed in the city of
402:
Bolko I's tomb effigy in Krzeszów. In this 19th-century
232:, Duke of Legnica by his first wife Hedwig, daughter of
208:(Löwenberg) 1278–81 (with his brother as co-ruler) and
301:
engaged him in an armed conflict with the German King
1834:
A special edition of the Świdnica Historical Magazine
1771:
528:(b. ca. 1270 – d. bef. 26 April 1316), daughter of
258:(Löwenberg) as co-rulers, and their older brother
1994:
1829:BOLKO I SUROWY (WIELKI, CHWALEBNY, ŚWIDNICKI)
588:A son (b. ca. early 1301 – 24 December 1307).
2013:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
460:colonization of his lands by German settlers
204:; 1252/56 – 9 November 1301), was a Duke of
638:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
561:, later German King and Holy Roman Emperor.
305:and Henry IV Probus. An expedition made on
466:movement, notably founding the Cistercian
31:
1796:, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1997,
1794:The Oxford Companion to German Literature
1752:
1706:
658:Learn how and when to remove this message
551:Bolko (b. ca. 1288 – d. 30 January 1300).
510:Herman, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
496:Funeral effigy of Bolko in Krzeszów Abbey
410:Resentful of Bolko I's ambitions, Bishop
491:
397:
26:Duke of Lwówek, Jawor, Świdnica, Ziębice
1846:Genealogical database by Herbert Stoyan
1819:
1792:Garland, Henry, & Garland, Judith,
1777:
585:(b. 1 February 1300 – d. 11 June 1341).
1995:
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1691:Oxford Companion to German Literature
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636:adding citations to reliable sources
603:
1546:Otto I Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
573:(b. 1292/96 – d. bef. 15 May 1346).
524:on 4 October 1284, Bolko I married
13:
1839:
359:, Bolko I sent troops and food to
14:
2039:
1455:Hermann I, Landgrave of Thuringia
425:The tensions between Bolko I and
1753:Henriques, Martha (2017-08-30).
1429:Louis II, Landgrave of Thuringia
608:
546:Stephen I, Duke of Lower Bavaria
1759:International Business Times UK
674:Ancestors of Bolko I the Strict
559:Louis IV, Duke of Upper Bavaria
1746:
1722:
1700:
1683:
1664:
567:(b. ca. 1291 – d. 6 May 1326).
228:Bolko I was the second son of
1:
1786:
161:Bolko (Bolesław) I the Strict
2028:13th-century Polish nobility
820:Berthold IV, Duke of Merania
579:Margareta (b. and d. 1300) .
335:) on the Bohemian frontier.
7:
599:
576:Elisabeth (b. and d. 1300).
285:, the daughter of Margrave
10:
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1806:Rieckenberg, Hans Jürgen,
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1163:
1037:
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1980:
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1918:with Bernard (until 1281)
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1853:
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18:
1813:Neue Deutsche Biographie
1707:Agnieszka (2021-12-06).
1677:Neue Deutsche Biographie
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1275:Henry I, Count of Anhalt
944:Vladislaus II of Bohemia
321:Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
279:Margraves of Brandenburg
234:Henry I, Count of Anhalt
201:Bolko I. von Schweidnitz
1820:Górecki, Piotr (2007).
1511:7. Irmgard of Thuringia
223:
103:Beatrice of Brandenburg
1487:Judith of Hohenstaufen
497:
407:
199:
172:
1946:Bernard the Lightsome
1905:Bernard the Lightsome
1868:between 1252 and 1256
1689:Garland and Garland,
1572:Sophia of Wittelsbach
495:
401:
248:Bernard the Lightsome
50:between 1252 and 1256
1693:, p. 500, available
1366:Elizabeth of Hungary
1335:13. Judith of Poland
1249:Sophie of Winzenburg
1090:Constance of Hungary
970:Ottokar I of Bohemia
904:Bolesław II the Bald
632:improve this section
468:monastery of Grüssau
462:and a patron of the
395:in Henry IV's will.
393:Bishopric of Wroclaw
303:Rudolf I of Habsburg
230:Bolesław II the Bald
145:Bolesław II the Bald
1855:Bolko I the Strict
1734:www.archaeology.org
1390:3. Hedwig of Anhalt
1311:Mieszko III the Old
1064:Béla III of Hungary
1002:Judith of Thuringia
729:Henry I the Bearded
703:Bolesław I the Tall
481:on the exploits of
341:Henry III of Głogów
1148:Bolko I the Strict
784:Henry II the Pious
516:Marriage and issue
498:
487:Count of Thuringia
479:Middle High German
432:Pope Boniface VIII
408:
329:Kingdom of Bohemia
20:Bolko I the Strict
1991:
1990:
1925:Succeeded by
1902:Succeeded by
1655:
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878:Agnes of Rochlitz
846:Hedwig of Andechs
668:
667:
660:
530:Otto V "the Tall"
427:King Wenceslas II
158:
157:
2035:
2023:Dukes of Silesia
1983:Duke of Świdnica
1962:Preceded by
1943:Preceded by
1881:Preceded by
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333:Chełmsko Śląskie
325:Casimir of Bytom
299:House of Ascania
241:Battle of Stolec
194:
163:, also known as
154:Hedwig of Anhalt
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1965:Henry V the Fat
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1884:Henry V the Fat
1875:9 November 1301
1870:
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1840:Further reading
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1028:Anne of Bohemia
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391:, given to the
309:in 1280 and on
287:Otto V the Tall
271:Henry IV Probus
260:Henry V the Fat
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79:Kloster Grüssau
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65:9 November 1301
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41:, dated to 1298
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699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
676:
675:
669:
666:
665:
616:
614:
607:
601:
598:
597:
596:
589:
586:
580:
577:
574:
568:
562:
552:
549:
532:, Margrave of
517:
514:
506:Krzeszów Abbey
416:excommunicated
225:
222:
174:Bolko I Surowy
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
93:Silesian Piast
90:
84:
83:
75:Krzeszów Abbey
71:
67:
66:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
36:
28:
27:
23:
22:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2040:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2018:Piast dynasty
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1973:
1966:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1914:Duke of Jawor
1910:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1885:
1879:
1874:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1852:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1803:
1802:0-19-815896-3
1799:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1779:
1774:
1760:
1756:
1749:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1679:
1678:
1673:
1670:Rieckenberg,
1667:
1663:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1604:Agnes of Loon
1599:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1585:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1557:
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1497:
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1491:
1488:
1482:
1481:
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1301:
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1259:
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1253:
1250:
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1223:
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1127:
1126:
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1116:
1113:
1112:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1065:
1059:
1058:
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1019:
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1012:
1007:
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993:
992:
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873:
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810:
797:
796:
791:
790:
785:
779:
778:
775:
774:
769:
768:
763:
762:
759:17. Christina
756:
755:
752:
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742:
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736:
735:
730:
724:
723:
720:
719:
714:
713:
708:
707:
704:
698:
682:
681:
678:
677:
673:
672:
662:
659:
651:
641:
637:
633:
627:
626:
622:
617:This section
615:
611:
606:
605:
594:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
556:
553:
550:
547:
543:
542:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
513:
511:
507:
502:
494:
490:
488:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
441:
435:
433:
428:
423:
421:
417:
413:
405:
400:
396:
394:
390:
386:
385:Duchy of Nysa
382:
381:Kamienna Góra
378:
374:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
317:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
237:
235:
231:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:
197:
193:
188:
187:
182:
181:
176:
175:
170:
166:
162:
153:
149:
146:
143:
139:
134:
126:
122:
118:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
89:
85:
80:
76:
72:
68:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
34:
29:
24:
17:
2003:1250s births
1981:
1970:
1951:
1917:
1912:
1895:with Bernard
1894:
1889:
1872:
1865:
1858:
1821:
1811:
1793:
1778:Górecki 2007
1773:
1762:. Retrieved
1758:
1748:
1737:. Retrieved
1733:
1724:
1713:. Retrieved
1702:
1690:
1685:
1675:
1666:
1147:
654:
645:
630:Please help
618:
540:. They had:
519:
503:
499:
476:
453:
436:
424:
409:
369:
337:
318:
315:
295:dispensation
268:
254:(Jauer) and
245:
238:
227:
200:
185:
184:
179:
178:
173:
164:
160:
159:
88:Noble family
78:
2008:1301 deaths
1711:(in Polish)
648:August 2012
534:Brandenburg
449:Bolesławiec
220:from 1291.
1997:Categories
1987:1291–1301
1976:1291–1301
1957:1286–1301
1922:1278–1301
1899:1278–1281
1808:"Bolko I."
1787:References
1764:2023-05-05
1739:2023-05-05
1715:2023-05-05
1672:"Bolko I."
483:Ludwig III
464:Cistercian
404:lithograph
273:, Duke of
250:inherited
61:1301-11-09
37:Bolko I's
1680:, p. 431.
619:does not
538:Salzwedel
420:interdict
412:Jan Romka
349:Ząbkowice
262:retained
243:in 1277.
192:‹See Tfd›
130:Margareta
128:Elisabeth
99:Spouse(s)
1936:Bolko II
1824:. Brill.
600:Ancestry
593:Strehlen
583:Bolko II
555:Beatrice
526:Beatrice
472:Krzeszów
389:Otmuchów
377:Strzegom
357:Strzelin
345:Świdnica
283:Beatrice
214:Świdnica
186:Jaworski
133:Bolko II
117:Beatrice
1932:Henry I
1928:Bernard
640:removed
625:sources
595:(1327).
571:Henry I
565:Bernard
445:Chojnów
440:Sobótka
365:Legnica
361:Wroclaw
353:Ziębice
307:Wroclaw
291:Spandau
275:Wroclaw
264:Legnica
218:Ziębice
125:Henry I
121:Bernard
1871:
1800:
522:Berlin
355:, and
311:Prague
256:Lwówek
206:Lwówek
196:German
169:Polish
151:Mother
141:Father
112:Judith
70:Buried
1873:Died:
1866:Born:
1810:, in
1674:, in
1659:Notes
456:Piast
339:Duke
252:Jawor
210:Jawor
180:Srogi
114:Bolko
109:Issue
1798:ISBN
1695:here
1602:31.
1570:15.
1544:30.
1485:29.
1453:14.
1427:28.
1364:27.
1309:26.
1247:25.
1215:12.
1188:24.
1120:23.
1088:11.
1062:22.
1000:21.
968:10.
942:20.
876:19.
818:18.
701:16.
623:any
621:cite
447:and
379:and
373:Wleń
363:and
224:Life
136:Anna
55:Died
47:Born
39:seal
1273:6.
1146:1.
1026:5.
902:2.
844:9.
782:4.
727:8.
634:by
520:In
474:).
183:or
177:or
1999::
1757:.
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485:,
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198::
189:;
171::
1767:.
1742:.
1718:.
1697:.
661:)
655:(
650:)
646:(
642:.
628:.
548:.
536:-
470:(
387:-
216:-
167:(
81:)
77:(
63:)
59:(
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