642:
180:
140:
246:
22:
678:
during its period of use. No such markers were confirmed archaeologically, but one granite US veteran headstone was recovered from the site. The Kugler
Cemetery, located on the former Hermitage Plantation, was reported to contain iron crosses and a metal fence. One such iron cross and remnants of what could have been the fence were recovered during the 1986 archaeological investigations. At present, the cemetery sites have been demarcated by young
258:' (8" x 12" wooden beams) arranged in 350 linear bays. This is done by two rail-mounted gantry cranes atop the spillway. The number of needles removed determines the water flow into the spillway. Gaps built into each bay allow limited seepage anytime the river level reaches the bottom of the bays. Removal of all 7000 needles takes about 36 hours but is usually done over a period of several days.
1343:
299:
715:(WRDA 1988), and Congress (1990) split the cost and maintenance between the Federal Government at 75%, Louisiana at 20% and Mississippi at 5%. Louisiana and Mississippi must agree to a final project design, but in July 1996, Louisiana withdrew as a sponsor, and as of 2016 an agreement has not been reached.
200:
that extends for over a mile and a half parallel to the river. When opened, the control structure allows overflow volume to flow into Lake
Pontchartrain. The lake's opening to the gulf is sufficient to absorb and dissipate any conceivable volume of flood flow. Thus, the flood surcharge portion of the
669:
burial plots which appear to date from the early 1800s and were in use until 1929. Several
African-American US Army Civil War veterans were moved from the spillway cemeteries to Chalmette National Cemetery in 1930. The total number of burials in either cemetery is unknown. The sites adjoin 19th- and
306:
The following chart shows the years when the spillway was opened, number of days it remained open, peak number of bays opened, percent of maximum flow at peak, and peak flow rate. The spillway has a design capacity of 250,000 cu ft/s when all 350 bays are fully open, or approximately 714 cu ft/s per
289:
to contain flood flows, floodways such as the Bonnet Carré to redirect excess flows away from the
Mississippi, and other aspects such as channel improvement and river bank stabilization, for efficient navigation and protection of the levee system. It also involves reservoirs and pumping stations for
1243:
Orton, Sara, Benjamin D. Maygarden, and Jill-Karen
Yakubik, Background Research on the Kenner and Kugler Cemeteries, New Orleans District, US Army Corps of Engineers, 2005; Maygarden, Benjamin D., Kenner and Kugler Cemeteries Cultural Resource Management Plan, New Orleans District, US Army Corps of
170:
The 2019 opening began
February 27, 2019, when river levels were predicted to rise to minor flood stage in New Orleans on March 19, 2019. The Army Corps of Engineers initially opened 38 of the 350 bays and increased this number to 206 bays when the flood crest arrived later in March. The Army Corps
653:
The location of the gravesites was a mystery until May 1975, when the US Army Corps of
Engineers excavated a ditch in the spillway. During that process, a tombstone and casket were discovered. In 1986, the corps ordered a historical study of the spillway and discovered a second cemetery. The two
253:
The floodgate inlet is offset into the
Mississippi River bank, at a location that had seen natural flooding for at least two centuries. The concrete structure has been designed to reduce settling into the riverbank. The opening and closing of the spillway is done by lifting out up to 7000 wooden
677:
in St. Charles Parish. According to oral histories and as confirmed by GIS analysis, both cemeteries were located in the midst of the cane fields of their respective plantations. The Kenner
Cemetery, located on the former Roseland Plantation, was reported to be marked by iron and wooden crosses
147:
In 2007, extraction operations began on a 42-acre (170,000 m) square section of spillway property. The 7,600-acre (31 km) spillway, designed to divert rising water out of the
Mississippi River during flooding seasons, long has been a major source of sand and clay that is used in
171:
of Engineers closed the spillway on April 11, 2019, only to reopen it again on May 10, 2019. This marks the first time in the spillway's history that it was opened twice in one year. In April 2020 the Spillway was again opened from April 3, 2020, until May 1, 2020, a total of 29 days.
649:
There are two cemeteries located in the spillway. The cemeteries contain the remains of enslaved persons of African descent and free African-Americans, and the historic ground surface is under several feet of sediment. When the spillway gates are opened, the cemeteries are flooded.
201:
water from the Mississippi is divided between the main river and the diversion channel, with the surcharge bypassing the New Orleans metropolitan area, resulting in the Mississippi being lower (through that area) than it could have been and reducing the stress on the area's
124:
was one of several levee breaches in the Bonnet Carré area in 1871. Local drainage systems were unable to contain the floodwater and strong winds caused the water to enter Lake Pontchartrain and surrounding urban areas. The river levee was not restored until 1883.
187:
The Bonnet Carré Spillway consists of two basic components: a control structure along the east bank of the Mississippi River and a floodway that transfers the diverted flood waters to the lake. The control structure, located between the towns of
205:
that line the river. Confined by guide levees, the floodway stretches nearly six miles (9.7 km) to Lake Pontchartrain, with a design capacity of 250,000 cu ft/s (7,100 m/s). The spillway is crossed by
659:
690:
The success of the Caernarvon Freshwater and the Davis Pond Freshwater Diversions, especially concerning wetlands maintenance more than wetlands building, has led to studies for more fresh water diversion projects.
1347:
866:
2289:
711:, reducing marsh loss by 10,500 acres in the next 50 years, providing fish and wildlife protection, as well as further storm surge protection. The diversion was authorized by the
1951:
2304:
217:
The spillway's secondary function is as a recreational area. It is used for off-road vehicles, biking, boating, hiking, hunting, and fishing. It is designated a protected
2294:
285:, Louisiana. Because of the wide expanse of the project and the complex problems involved, the plan contains an array of features. The MR&T Project provides for
1171:
2245:
1377:
2058:
699:
would be built within the spillway, on the east bank of the Mississippi, allowing up to 25,000 c.f.s. (i.e. ft/s) of fresh water and sediment diversion into
734:
2309:
1420:
865:
Rozier, Alex. (29 April 2020). "A Flood of Catastrophe: How a warming climate and the Bonnet Carré Spillway threaten the survival of Coast fishermen".
880:
907:
658:
in 1987. The artifacts discovered during the 1986 study included coffin furniture, coffins, grave markers, cultural remains, and human remains. The
2238:
1172:"New Orleans District > Missions > Mississippi River Flood Control > Bonnet Carre' Spillway Overview > Spillway Operation Information"
724:
2284:
2252:
1137:
222:
2319:
1811:
1461:
1311:
662:
consists of the two cemeteries. Additional research on the cemeteries was done in 2002–2005 and archaeological investigations in 2008–2009.
1351:
105:
2299:
2142:
2120:
2110:
1806:
1415:
1370:
1298:
729:
2314:
1821:
1791:
1542:
1537:
1425:
695:
have limits, because of laws governing their operation, aimed at limiting the flow of freshwater to minimize damage to oysters. The
1557:
1303:
2115:
2086:
2020:
1632:
1522:
1398:
712:
744:
2097:
1778:
1527:
1489:
1214:
1083:
999:
959:
2125:
1932:
1627:
1602:
1572:
1547:
1363:
262:
2102:
2044:
2033:
2015:
1592:
1532:
1517:
1386:
655:
167:, which resulted in a federal award of damages in 2011 and ongoing federal litigation over the management of the spillway.
840:
739:
1861:
1836:
1622:
1587:
1562:
109:
1956:
1748:
1612:
1597:
1582:
1567:
1254:
1279:
2204:
2172:
2028:
1981:
1698:
1607:
1435:
1189:
674:
2274:
1816:
1991:
1986:
1841:
1617:
1552:
1471:
749:
129:
101:
2220:
2063:
1996:
1577:
143:
Bonnet Carré Spillway on the Mississippi River viewed to the northeast with Lake Pontchartrain in the distance.
1831:
1733:
1688:
1655:
759:
153:
81:
1898:
1763:
1758:
1738:
1728:
805:
Rogers, J. D. (2008). "Development of the New Orleans Flood Protection System prior to Hurricane Katrina".
692:
641:
818:
645:
View of the Bonnet Carré Spillway from road that is closed and under water when the floodgates are opened.
2199:
1970:
1786:
157:
1108:
1024:
984:
933:
2279:
1743:
1683:
780:
225:. To enhance fishing in the spillway, the clay extraction pits were filled with water and stocked with
1267:
73:
1877:
1851:
1723:
1713:
1703:
1663:
1479:
1453:
211:
1149:
1693:
1673:
1507:
1407:
274:
133:
121:
1708:
1668:
1646:
179:
1893:
1753:
265:' multi-state plan, called the Mississippi River and Tributaries Project (MR&T), providing
163:
The several openings of the spillway have had a significant effect on marine fisheries in the
139:
1718:
245:
1218:
1084:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110521053306/http://www.mvn.usace.army.mil/pao/bcarre/bc4.gif
1000:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110521053426/http://www.mvn.usace.army.mil/pao/bcarre/bc6.jpg
960:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110521055543/http://www.mvn.usace.army.mil/pao/bcarre/bc3.gif
8:
1856:
1222:
218:
2324:
1768:
700:
93:
1678:
1095:
1011:
971:
822:
754:
704:
282:
164:
149:
89:
77:
1145:
1087:
1003:
963:
814:
193:
189:
132:
that inundated much of the Mississippi River basin. It was first opened during the
35:
249:
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers opening the Bonnet Carré Spillway on May 9, 2011
230:
1355:
152:
era, clay extracted from the spillway will be crucial to raising the levees in
97:
2268:
1846:
1443:
1326:
1313:
826:
207:
1497:
666:
881:"Mississippi River's Bonnet Carre Spillway Opens For 13th Time Since 1931"
1060:
278:
270:
85:
298:
21:
1796:
908:"Bonnet Carre Spillway opening at 1 p.m. Friday because of heavy rains"
708:
665:
The cemeteries, named the Kenner Cemetery and the Kugler Cemetery, are
255:
1826:
1801:
1390:
1255:"What the Bonnet Carre Spillway opening means for Lake Pontchartrain"
671:
100:. The spillway was constructed between 1929 and 1931, following the
1038:
679:
226:
25:
The Bonnet Carré Spillway diverting excess Mississippi River water
1299:
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Bonnet Carré Spillway Official Site
1304:"New Orleans Flood Valve Finished", March 1931, Popular Science
64:
61:
50:
1122:
Matt Scallan (April 11, 2008). "Previous Spillway Openings".
286:
266:
202:
1141:
234:
197:
148:
construction projects throughout the area. But in the post-
16:
Flood control operation in the Lower Mississippi Valley, US
44:
2290:
Buildings and structures in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana
2246:
Louisiana Department of Culture, Recreation & Tourism
934:"Bonnet Carre Spillway Opened 3 April, 2020 Closed 1 May"
1207:
807:
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
183:
Construction of Bonnet Carré Spillway, Louisiana, 1929.
58:
47:
2305:
Tourist attractions in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana
41:
660:
Kenner and Kugler Cemeteries Archeological District
302:
Opening of the Bonnet Carré Spillway in March 1997.
240:
55:
38:
735:Kansas City Southern Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge
2295:Protected areas of St. Charles Parish, Louisiana
2266:
2239:Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry
1385:
1063:. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
1041:. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
636:
2253:Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
2059:J. C. "Sonny" Gilbert Wildlife Management Area
1138:"Corps Finishes Closing Bonnet Carre Spillway"
223:Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
1371:
1121:
905:
725:CNR Bonnet Carré Spillway-Baton Rouge Bridge
106:National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark
2310:Landforms of St. Charles Parish, Louisiana
1378:
1364:
778:
128:The spillway was built in response to the
841:"Bonnet Carré Crevasse Historical Marker"
798:
1221:St. Charles Herald Guide. Archived from
1215:"Corps to check status of watery graves"
640:
297:
244:
196:, is a mechanically controlled concrete
178:
138:
20:
1268:Tulane: Bonnet Carré Spillway diversion
878:
819:10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:5(602)
781:"Parish's 'Hidden Jewel' Makes History"
730:CNR Bonnet Carré Spillway-McComb Bridge
713:Water Resources Development Act of 1988
2267:
804:
779:Thibodeaux, Anna (December 26, 2017).
84:, about 12 miles (19 km) west of
2285:United States Army Corps of Engineers
1359:
1352:United States Army Corps of Engineers
931:
685:
263:United States Army Corps of Engineers
2320:Historic Civil Engineering Landmarks
745:U.S. 61 Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge
693:Caernarvon and Davis Pond diversions
656:National Register of Historic Places
906:Schleifstein, Mark (May 10, 2019).
879:Masters, Jeff (February 27, 2019).
707:. The diversion would slow or stop
293:
110:American Society of Civil Engineers
13:
14:
2336:
2300:Tributaries of Lake Pontchartrain
2205:Paul J. Rainey Wildlife Sanctuary
1292:
833:
740:I-10 Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge
88:, it allows floodwaters from the
2315:1931 establishments in Louisiana
1346: This article incorporates
1341:
241:Structure & multi-state plan
34:
1490:National wild and scenic rivers
1282:Bonnet Carré Spillway diversion
1273:
1261:
1247:
1237:
1182:
1164:
1130:
1115:
1075:
1053:
1031:
750:Birds Point-New Madrid Floodway
697:Bonnet Carré Spillway diversion
130:Great Mississippi Flood of 1927
104:, and has been designated as a
102:Great Mississippi Flood of 1927
2221:Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center
2154:Tangipahoa Parish School Board
1948:Acadiana Conservation Corridor
991:
951:
932:Green, Dunny (June 18, 2020).
925:
899:
872:
859:
772:
654:cemeteries were placed on the
174:
1:
1421:Jean Lafitte NHP and Preserve
765:
760:2011 Mississippi River floods
82:St. Charles Parish, Louisiana
1195:. US Army Corps of Engineers
637:Kugler and Kenner Cemeteries
261:The spillway is part of the
7:
1971:Ben Lilly Conservation Area
1812:Forts Randolph & Buhlow
1039:"Wildlife Management Areas"
718:
10:
2341:
1929:Terrebonne Barrier Islands
1124:New Orleans Times-Picayune
115:
2233:
2213:
2192:
2185:
1942:Wildlife management areas
1941:
1907:
1886:
1878:Louisiana State Arboretum
1870:
1777:
1654:
1645:
1506:
1488:
1470:
1454:National Marine Sanctuary
1452:
1434:
1408:National Historical Parks
1406:
1397:
867:Mississippi Today website
2145:(See: Atchafalaya Delta)
869:Retrieved 29 April 2020.
785:St. Charles Herald-Guide
290:flood control drainage.
275:Cape Girardeau, Missouri
1871:State Preservation Area
1749:Poverty Point Reservoir
1190:"Bonnet Carré Spillway"
1061:"Bonnet Carre Spillway"
76:operation in the Lower
1908:State Wildlife Refuges
1807:Fort St. Jean Baptiste
1348:public domain material
1285:- Retrieved 2016-08-07
1270:- Retrieved 2016-08-07
1176:www.mvn.usace.army.mil
646:
325:Percentage of Max Flow
303:
250:
184:
144:
26:
2275:Bonnet Carré Spillway
2002:Bonnet Carré Spillway
1822:Longfellow-Evangeline
1327:30.00222°N 90.44139°W
887:. Weather Underground
644:
301:
248:
182:
142:
122:Bonnet Carré Crevasse
31:Bonnet Carré Spillway
24:
2071:Lake Ramsey Savannah
1779:State Historic Sites
1219:Saint Charles Parish
96:and thence into the
1933:White Lake Wetlands
1857:Rosedown Plantation
1462:Flower Garden Banks
1332:30.00222; -90.44139
1323: /
1225:on January 25, 2013
885:Weather Underground
670:early 20th-century
322:Bays Opened At Peak
269:protection for the
219:wildlife management
1961:Barataria Preserve
1734:Lake Fausse Pointe
1689:Fairview-Riverside
1436:National Monuments
1257:. January 9, 2016.
845:StoppingPoints.com
701:Lake Pontchartrain
686:Diversion projects
647:
304:
279:mouth of the river
251:
185:
154:St. Charles Parish
145:
94:Lake Pontchartrain
78:Mississippi Valley
27:
2280:Mississippi River
2262:
2261:
2229:
2228:
2181:
2180:
2121:Richard K. Yancey
2111:Pointe-aux-Chenes
2091:Old River Control
2055:Jackson Bienville
2038:Floy Ward McElroy
1952:Atchafalaya Delta
1764:South Toledo Bend
1759:Sam Houston Jones
1739:North Toledo Bend
1641:
1640:
1508:National Wildlife
1416:Cane River Creole
1103:Missing or empty
1019:Missing or empty
979:Missing or empty
755:Morganza Spillway
705:Mississippi Sound
632:
631:
165:Mississippi Sound
90:Mississippi River
2332:
2190:
2189:
2049:Hutchinson Creek
1978:Big Colewa Bayou
1652:
1651:
1543:Black Bayou Lake
1538:Big Branch Marsh
1472:National Forests
1426:New Orleans Jazz
1404:
1403:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1357:
1356:
1345:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1286:
1280:USACE brochure:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1194:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1152:on July 16, 2011
1148:. Archived from
1134:
1128:
1127:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1091:
1090:on May 21, 2011.
1086:. Archived from
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1007:
1006:on May 21, 2011.
1002:. Archived from
995:
989:
988:
982:
977:
975:
967:
966:on May 21, 2011.
962:. Archived from
955:
949:
948:
946:
944:
938:ArcGIS StoryMaps
929:
923:
922:
920:
918:
903:
897:
896:
894:
892:
876:
870:
863:
857:
856:
854:
852:
837:
831:
830:
802:
796:
795:
793:
791:
776:
608:161,000 cu ft/s
588:213,000 cu ft/s
568:196,000 cu ft/s
548:203,000 cu ft/s
528:235,714 cu ft/s
508:114,286 cu ft/s
488:212,857 cu ft/s
468:250,000 cu ft/s
448:250,000 cu ft/s
428:160,714 cu ft/s
408:250,000 cu ft/s
388:250,000 cu ft/s
368:250,000 cu ft/s
348:203,571 cu ft/s
310:
309:
294:List of openings
158:Jefferson Parish
71:
70:
67:
66:
63:
60:
57:
53:
52:
49:
46:
43:
40:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2225:
2209:
2177:
2136:Salvador/Timken
2009:Camp Beauregard
1937:
1903:
1882:
1866:
1862:Winter Quarters
1837:Plaquemine Lock
1773:
1744:Palmetto Island
1684:Cypremort Point
1637:
1558:Cameron Prairie
1509:
1502:
1484:
1466:
1448:
1430:
1393:
1387:Protected areas
1384:
1342:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1295:
1290:
1289:
1278:
1274:
1266:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1244:Engineers, 2012
1242:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1155:
1153:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1120:
1116:
1104:
1102:
1093:
1092:
1082:. May 21, 2011
1081:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1020:
1018:
1009:
1008:
998:. May 21, 2011
997:
996:
992:
980:
978:
969:
968:
958:. May 21, 2011
957:
956:
952:
942:
940:
930:
926:
916:
914:
904:
900:
890:
888:
877:
873:
864:
860:
850:
848:
847:. July 27, 2007
839:
838:
834:
803:
799:
789:
787:
777:
773:
768:
721:
688:
639:
628:90,000 cu ft/s
328:Peak Flow Rate
296:
271:alluvial valley
243:
231:largemouth bass
177:
118:
54:
37:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2338:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2234:
2231:
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2227:
2226:
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2223:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2194:
2187:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2157:Thistlethwaite
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2116:Pomme de Terre
2113:
2108:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2087:Maurepas Swamp
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2012:Catahoula Lake
2010:
2007:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1914:Elmer's Island
1911:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1896:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
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1704:Hodges Gardens
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92:to flow into
91:
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80:. Located in
79:
75:
74:flood control
69:
32:
23:
19:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2163:Tunica Hills
2160:Three Rivers
2151:Spring Bayou
2139:Sandy Hollow
2126:Russell Sage
2107:Peason Ridge
2074:Little River
2052:Indian Bayou
2025:Elbow Slough
2001:
1967:Bayou Pierre
1917:Marsh Island
1899:Indian Creek
1817:Locust Grove
1709:Jimmie Davis
1669:Bogue Chitto
1628:Tensas River
1603:Lake Ophelia
1548:Bogue Chitto
1498:Saline Bayou
1340:
1308:
1281:
1275:
1263:
1249:
1239:
1227:. Retrieved
1223:the original
1209:
1197:. Retrieved
1184:
1175:
1166:
1154:. Retrieved
1150:the original
1132:
1123:
1117:
1105:|title=
1088:the original
1077:
1065:. Retrieved
1055:
1043:. Retrieved
1033:
1021:|title=
1004:the original
993:
981:|title=
964:the original
953:
943:November 28,
941:. Retrieved
937:
927:
915:. Retrieved
911:
901:
891:February 27,
889:. Retrieved
884:
874:
861:
849:. Retrieved
844:
835:
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788:. Retrieved
784:
774:
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689:
664:
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305:
260:
252:
233:, and other
221:area by the
216:
186:
169:
162:
146:
127:
119:
30:
28:
18:
2169:Walnut Hill
2103:Pearl River
2083:Marsh Bayou
2077:Loggy Bayou
2045:Grassy Lake
2034:Esler Field
2021:Dewey Wills
2016:Clear Creek
1975:Ben's Creek
1964:Bayou Macon
1923:St. Tammany
1920:Rockefeller
1852:Rebel State
1842:Port Hudson
1754:St. Bernard
1656:State Parks
1593:Handy Brake
1533:Bayou Teche
1518:Atchafalaya
1330: /
1067:January 18,
1045:January 18,
851:October 25,
790:February 3,
675:plantations
576:February 27
376:February 10
316:Date Opened
175:Description
86:New Orleans
2269:Categories
2068:Lake Boeuf
1797:Fort Jesup
1719:Lake Bruin
1699:Grand Isle
1623:Shell Keys
1588:Grand Cote
1563:Cat Island
1318:90°26′29″W
766:References
709:subsidence
536:January 10
336:January 28
277:. and the
2325:Spillways
2200:Bird City
2148:Soda Lake
2143:Sherburne
2041:Fort Polk
1957:Attakapas
1894:Alexander
1832:Mansfield
1827:Los Adaes
1802:Fort Pike
1792:Centenary
1613:Red River
1598:Lacassine
1583:East Cove
1573:D'Arbonne
1568:Catahoula
1480:Kisatchie
1391:Louisiana
827:1090-0241
319:Days Open
156:and east
2173:West Bay
2094:Ouachita
2029:Elm Hall
2006:Buckhorn
1982:Big Lake
1608:Mandalay
1315:30°0′8″N
1199:July 17,
1096:cite web
1012:cite web
972:cite web
912:nola.com
719:See also
703:and the
680:live oak
496:April 11
476:March 17
436:April 17
416:April 14
356:March 23
273:between
227:bluegill
2193:Private
2080:Manchac
1787:Audubon
1769:Tickfaw
1399:Federal
1229:May 15,
917:May 14,
682:trees.
616:April 3
556:March 8
396:April 8
256:needles
208:U.S. 61
150:Katrina
116:History
108:by the
2130:Sabine
1992:Bodcau
1987:Biloxi
1679:Chicot
1618:Sabine
1553:Breton
1156:May 8,
1126:: A–1.
825:
596:May 10
456:May 20
287:levees
283:Venice
203:levees
2186:Other
2166:Union
2064:Joyce
1997:Boeuf
1926:State
1647:State
1578:Delta
1193:(PDF)
672:sugar
667:black
625:36.0%
613:2020
605:64.4%
593:2019
585:85.2%
573:2019
565:78.4%
553:2018
545:81.2%
533:2016
525:94.3%
516:May 9
513:2011
505:45.7%
493:2008
485:85.1%
473:1997
453:1983
433:1979
425:64.3%
413:1975
393:1973
373:1950
353:1945
345:81.4%
333:1937
313:Year
307:bay.
281:near
267:flood
194:Norco
190:Montz
72:is a
2214:City
1231:2008
1201:2024
1158:2008
1142:WDSU
1109:help
1069:2014
1047:2014
1025:help
985:help
945:2021
919:2019
893:2019
853:2015
823:ISSN
792:2021
465:100%
445:100%
405:100%
385:100%
365:100%
235:fish
210:and
198:weir
192:and
120:The
29:The
1389:of
815:doi
811:134
602:168
582:206
562:183
542:210
522:330
502:160
482:298
462:350
442:350
422:225
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382:350
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342:285
136:.
2271::
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1146:AP
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459:35
439:45
419:13
399:75
379:38
359:57
339:48
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229:,
214:.
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817::
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59:k
56:ˈ
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45:ɒ
42:b
39:ˈ
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
