139:) before the passing of the Act. Established primarily to facilitate abortions after 1968 with a clinic in Rosslyn Road, Twickenham and premises in Fitzroy Square, London, this organisation operated a donor insemination service from its premises at 11 to 13 Charlotte Street, London W1. PAS held a treatment licence under the Act establishing the HFEA and continued to carry out artificial inseminations under its auspices. Unusually at the time, PAS operated a 'non-discrimination policy' which resulted in most of the patients of the PAS Donor Insemination Service being women without a male partner i.e. single women or female couples.
90:
homes. BPAS argued that such a change would have brought UK practice into line with best clinical practice, and with practice in countries such as the USA, Sweden, and France; and that it would have dramatically improved the experience of early medical abortion for women. The judge in this case did not accept the definition of 'treatment' proposed by BPAS, but confirmed that the
Secretary of State for Health has the power to approve women's homes as a 'class of place' where certain abortion drugs could be taken.
199:
broken any laws. The report stated unequivocally that BPAS's ability to provide abortion and reproductive counselling and services (within its mandate) had not in any way been compromised, and that no changes in funding should result. It further stated however, that protocol for late-term abortion counselling was sorely lacking, and that the government and interested agencies must develop said protocol with all possible speed.
155:
and single women and from that date the LWC adopted an open policy for 'choice mothers' (women without a male partner). From
January 1998 for a short time the LWC operated a donor insemination clinic known as the 'Charlotte Unit' and some of the former donors from PAS transferred there. However, LWC
142:
PAS never achieved high pregnancy rates with its donor insemination service, its average pregnancy rate being less than 8%. With a few donors it did reach rates of nearly 13% but with most donors the rate was considerably less. The reason for these low success rates was largely due to the method of
198:
for
England, Professor Sir Liam Donaldson, in September, 2005 was critical of some aspects of BPAS counselling, but concluded that, in the matter of BPAS staff referring (in the broad sense, not the strict medical definition) women with late-term pregnancies to the Ginemedex clinic, BPAS had not
89:
BPAS gained substantial media attention in early 2011, when the charity went to the High Court seeking a legal re-definition of 'treatment' under the terms of the
Abortion Act, which would have enabled women to have administered the second drug used in the 'abortion pill' treatment in their own
156:
did not perform ICI inseminations, so with the consent of the donors and in compliance with general directions issued by HFEA which covered such cases at the time, the BPAS sold its remaining stored donor sperm and that of PAS to fertility clinics outside the UK for use in donor treatments.
97:, called for improvements to the abortion law during the Parliamentary debate over the Human Fertilisation and Embryology (HFE) Bill. The government guillotined discussion of the HFE Bill in such a way that proposed clauses related to abortion could not be debated.
146:
In 1996 PAS risked insolvency and merged with the BPAS. It ceased treatments in early 1997. The clinic at
Charlotte Street continued to collect and process sperm samples from donors until November of that year. The BPAS sold the client list of PAS to the
434:
121:, sperm which had been frozen and thawed by BPAS was used instead of fresh sperm. This enabled it to be quarantined and the donors re-tested. BPAS was known to be a clinic which would provide donor insemination to lesbians.
134:
In central London, the
Pregnancy Advisory Service (PAS), also carried out treatments using donor sperm (vaginal inseminations in which the donor's semen is deposited at the entrance to the cervix, technically known as
69:
In addition to providing abortion counselling and treatment at over 40 centres across
England, Wales and Scotland (over 93% of clients have their abortion treatment funded by the NHS), BPAS also provides
469:
424:
402:
365:
223:
283:
1176:
497:
339:
463:
560:
1186:
1161:
131:
Although it never carried out treatments under the Human
Fertilisation and Embryology Act, the BPAS held a storage licence until the end of 1997.
1156:
1070:
392:
876:
425:"An investigation into the British Pregnancy Advisory Service response to requests for late abortions: A report by the Chief Medical Officer"
369:
1141:
545:
490:
125:
1080:
555:
1171:
1166:
29:
whose stated purpose is to avoid unwanted pregnancy by advocating and providing high quality, affordable services to prevent or end
1151:
881:
520:
483:
287:
117:
treatments provided by BPAS were anonymous and the identity of donors was protected. In the mid-1980s, following concerns about
195:
814:
429:
179:
57:
came into force, Saturday 27 April 1968, the first patients had their consultations in the front room of the then
Chairman,
896:
535:
530:
525:
187:
61:. At that time, patients had to travel to London for termination, but a clinic was opened in Birmingham 18 months later.
1136:
1100:
960:
540:
970:
343:
317:
965:
246:
175:
186:) showing BPAS counsellors referring women whose pregnancies were too advanced for legal abortions in Britain (past
1146:
940:
1075:
734:
583:
506:
1115:
171:
1181:
799:
83:
901:
608:
789:
136:
689:
628:
598:
593:
148:
86:'You're Welcome' award in March 2009, for providing high standards of health care to young people.
58:
366:"FPA and the Human Fertilisation and Embryology (HFE) Bill debate - Activity in Westminster - FPA"
71:
26:
886:
1110:
955:
684:
603:
724:
30:
8:
1035:
829:
397:
213:
166:
714:
1105:
1085:
774:
759:
270:
106:
79:
1065:
1005:
891:
623:
550:
54:
1000:
995:
906:
819:
784:
699:
674:
618:
191:
1095:
1030:
709:
475:
1020:
985:
935:
930:
844:
218:
183:
114:
794:
1130:
1045:
1040:
834:
779:
764:
754:
749:
744:
719:
694:
664:
659:
649:
152:
34:
82:
services. BPAS's South London Clinic was one of the first recipients of the
1090:
925:
729:
704:
679:
654:
644:
613:
309:
242:
124:
BPAS continued to store donor sperm and to carry out treatments until the
990:
980:
975:
950:
945:
824:
809:
769:
739:
669:
1025:
1015:
1010:
839:
804:
113:
which was produced by donors at the required time of the insemination.
50:
75:
208:
53:
as the
Birmingham Pregnancy Advisory Service. On the day that the
38:
849:
110:
393:"British doctor admits arranging abortions in eighth month"
235:
118:
94:
458:
391:
Edwardes, Charlotte; Foggo, Daniel (21 November 2004).
877:
Society for the Protection of Unborn Children (SPUC)
93:
In 2008 BPAS, along with other organisations in the
1177:
Abortion-rights organisations in the United Kingdom
561:
Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019
505:
271:Calthorpe Clinic Medical Seminar 26 September 2007
151:(LWC) in 1997. This comprised the names of mainly
1128:
310:"Early medical abortions: bid to change the law"
1071:British Society for the Study of Sex Psychology
491:
390:
276:
170:presented a video to the British government (
546:Criminal Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1945
126:Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority
1081:International Planned Parenthood Federation
556:Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990
266:
264:
498:
484:
1187:1968 establishments in the United Kingdom
1162:Obstetrics and gynaecology organizations
882:Christian Action, Research and Education
261:
521:Malicious Shooting or Stabbing Act 1803
1157:Health charities in the United Kingdom
1129:
584:Abortion Law Reform Association (ALRA)
105:From the early 1980s BPAS carried out
479:
100:
897:Catholic Church in England and Wales
599:National Council for Civil Liberties
536:Offences Against the Person Act 1861
531:Offences Against the Person Act 1837
526:Offences Against the Person Act 1828
437:from the original on 5 February 2007
405:from the original on 4 November 2017
249:from the original on 28 January 2019
164:In late 2004, the British newspaper
1142:Birth control in the United Kingdom
1101:Abortion in the Republic of Ireland
541:Infant Life (Preservation) Act 1929
342:. 28 September 2011. Archived from
320:from the original on 3 October 2021
13:
589:British Pregnancy Advisory Service
459:British Pregnancy Advisory Service
23:British Pregnancy Advisory Service
14:
1198:
1172:Private providers of NHS services
1167:Organizations established in 1968
452:
464:Telegraph article on 'the sting'
128:(HFEA) came into being in 1993.
1152:Charities based in Warwickshire
470:The Department of Health report
224:The Heather Trickey Essay Prize
1076:World League for Sexual Reform
507:Abortion in the United Kingdom
417:
384:
368:. 23 July 2011. Archived from
358:
332:
302:
1:
1116:Abortion in the United States
229:
243:"BPAS homepage - About BPAS"
159:
49:BPAS was founded in 1968 in
7:
902:Catholic Church in Scotland
609:Family Planning Association
202:
64:
10:
1203:
1137:British abortion providers
594:Marie Stopes International
472:PDF format, September 2005
137:intracervical insemination
1058:
918:
869:
862:
637:
576:
569:
513:
44:
629:Abortion Support Network
194:. A report filed by the
95:Voice for Choice network
1147:Birth control providers
430:UK Department of Health
78:and sterilisation, and
72:emergency contraception
109:initially using fresh
1111:Abortion in Australia
956:Norman St John-Stevas
685:Douglas Vernon Hubble
604:Amnesty International
433:. 21 September 2005.
196:Chief Medical Officer
180:Chief Medical Officer
149:London Women's Clinic
725:Walter L. Neustatter
346:on 28 September 2011
143:fertilisation used.
84:Department of Health
31:unwanted pregnancies
25:(BPAS) is a British
1182:Stratford-upon-Avon
398:The Daily Telegraph
316:. 13 January 2011.
214:Reproductive health
167:The Daily Telegraph
1106:Abortion in Canada
1086:UN Population Fund
775:Michael Winstanley
760:Glanville Williams
290:on 3 November 2011
107:donor insemination
101:Donor insemination
80:vasectomy reversal
1124:
1123:
1066:Malthusian League
1054:
1053:
1006:Nuala Scarisbrick
911:
892:Both Lives Matter
858:
857:
624:Back Off Scotland
551:Abortion Act 1967
190:) to a clinic in
55:Abortion Act 1967
1194:
1001:Jack Scarisbrick
996:Victoria Gillick
909:
907:ProLife Alliance
867:
866:
820:Richard Crossman
815:Kenneth Robinson
785:Gwyneth Dunwoody
715:François Lafitte
700:Douglas Houghton
675:Ian MacGillivray
619:Sister Supporter
574:
573:
500:
493:
486:
477:
476:
447:
446:
444:
442:
421:
415:
414:
412:
410:
388:
382:
381:
379:
377:
362:
356:
355:
353:
351:
340:"Press Releases"
336:
330:
329:
327:
325:
306:
300:
299:
297:
295:
286:. Archived from
280:
274:
268:
259:
258:
256:
254:
239:
192:Barcelona, Spain
172:Health Secretary
1202:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1096:Margaret Sanger
1050:
1031:Jacob Rees-Mogg
914:
854:
800:George Sinclair
710:Madeleine Simms
633:
565:
509:
504:
455:
450:
440:
438:
423:
422:
418:
408:
406:
389:
385:
375:
373:
372:on 23 July 2011
364:
363:
359:
349:
347:
338:
337:
333:
323:
321:
308:
307:
303:
293:
291:
282:
281:
277:
269:
262:
252:
250:
241:
240:
236:
232:
205:
162:
103:
67:
47:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1200:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1036:Thérèse Coffey
1033:
1028:
1023:
1021:Nadine Dorries
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
986:Michael Ancram
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
936:Bernard Braine
933:
931:Phyllis Bowman
928:
922:
920:
916:
915:
913:
912:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
873:
871:
864:
860:
859:
856:
855:
853:
852:
847:
845:Barbara Hewson
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
641:
639:
635:
634:
632:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
580:
578:
571:
567:
566:
564:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
517:
515:
511:
510:
503:
502:
495:
488:
480:
474:
473:
467:
461:
454:
453:External links
451:
449:
448:
416:
383:
357:
331:
301:
284:"Our Services"
275:
260:
233:
231:
228:
227:
226:
221:
219:Sperm donation
216:
211:
204:
201:
184:Liam Donaldson
182:Professor Sir
161:
158:
153:female couples
115:Sperm donation
102:
99:
66:
63:
59:Dr Martin Cole
46:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1199:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1046:Heidi Crowter
1044:
1042:
1041:Joanna Jepson
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
961:James Dempsey
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
921:
917:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
868:
865:
861:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
835:Jo Richardson
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
790:Peter Jackson
788:
786:
783:
781:
780:John Dunwoody
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
765:Peter Diggory
763:
761:
758:
756:
755:Caroline Deys
753:
751:
750:Malcolm Potts
748:
746:
745:Samuel Silkin
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
720:David Paintin
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
695:Vera Houghton
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
665:Joan Malleson
663:
661:
660:Alice Jenkins
658:
656:
653:
651:
650:Stella Browne
648:
646:
643:
642:
640:
636:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
579:
575:
572:
568:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
518:
516:
512:
508:
501:
496:
494:
489:
487:
482:
481:
478:
471:
468:
465:
462:
460:
457:
456:
436:
432:
431:
426:
420:
404:
400:
399:
394:
387:
371:
367:
361:
345:
341:
335:
319:
315:
311:
305:
289:
285:
279:
272:
267:
265:
248:
244:
238:
234:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
206:
200:
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193:
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185:
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177:
173:
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168:
157:
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150:
144:
140:
138:
132:
129:
127:
122:
120:
116:
112:
108:
98:
96:
91:
87:
85:
81:
77:
73:
62:
60:
56:
52:
42:
40:
36:
35:contraception
32:
28:
24:
19:
1091:Marie Stopes
971:Ian Campbell
926:Aleck Bourne
735:Lewis Silkin
730:Eliot Slater
705:Diane Munday
680:Dugald Baird
655:Dora Russell
645:Janet Chance
614:Humanists UK
588:
466:October 2004
439:. Retrieved
428:
419:
407:. Retrieved
396:
386:
374:. Retrieved
370:the original
360:
348:. Retrieved
344:the original
334:
322:. Retrieved
313:
304:
292:. Retrieved
288:the original
278:
251:. Retrieved
237:
165:
163:
145:
141:
133:
130:
123:
104:
92:
88:
68:
48:
22:
20:
18:
16:Organization
991:David Alton
981:Bill Benyon
976:John Corrie
966:James White
951:Simon Mahon
946:Jill Knight
825:Ian Mikardo
810:Roy Jenkins
795:Renée Short
770:David Steel
740:John Silkin
690:Martin Cole
670:Frida Laski
514:Legislation
1131:Categories
1026:Rob Flello
1016:Jim Dobbin
1011:Joe Benton
941:James Dunn
863:Opposition
840:Ann Furedi
830:John Marks
805:David Owen
230:References
51:Birmingham
910:(defunct)
376:3 October
350:3 October
324:3 October
176:John Reid
160:Criticism
76:vasectomy
570:Advocacy
435:Archived
403:Archived
318:Archived
314:BBC News
247:Archived
209:Abortion
203:See also
188:24 weeks
65:Abortion
39:abortion
1059:Related
850:Anna Lo
441:22 July
409:2 April
294:13 June
253:12 June
27:charity
919:People
870:Groups
638:People
577:Groups
45:Origin
37:or by
111:sperm
33:with
887:Life
443:2017
411:2018
378:2021
352:2021
326:2021
296:2011
255:2015
178:and
21:The
174:Dr
119:HIV
1133::
427:.
401:.
395:.
312:.
263:^
245:.
74:,
41:.
499:e
492:t
485:v
445:.
413:.
380:.
354:.
328:.
298:.
273:.
257:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.