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402:(DREAM) program is one of the most studied approaches to HIV / AIDS treatment in the world, with many of the roughly 100 papers attesting to its efficacy. DREAM takes a holistic approach, combining highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with the treatment of malnutrition, tuberculosis, malaria, and sexually transmitted diseases while emphasizing health education at all levels. The program was initiated in Mozambique in March 2002 and has spread throughout the continent in dispersed health centers. Funding has come from various international organizations including the
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457:. One of those he hugged was a four-year-old boy who had contracted AIDS through a blood transfusion. His visit was not welcomed by all, and one AIDS patient termed it "a deliberate slap in the face" given the proximity to the city's gay district. John Paul II spoke of the Church's activism to "prevent the moral background" of HIV/AIDS and of the importance of giving medical care to people with AIDS; in later statements, he would condemn discrimination against people with AIDS, while also saying that it resulted from "abuse of sexuality".
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conflicting comments by
Benedict, who did not attend the conference, AIDS activists had hoped for a change in the Churches outlook on the use of condoms but they were disappointed. Experts in the field discussed 'people-centered approaches' to prevent HIV transmission, treatment and care of those infected with it, and economic support to those in greatest need. Attendees included theologians, health officials and AIDS researchers.
508:, their 1997 pastoral letter on homosexuality, the American bishops noted "importance and urgency" to minister to those with AIDS, especially considering the impact it had on the gay community. Also in the 1980s, the bishops of the United States issued a pastoral letter, "A Call to Compassion", saying those with AIDS "deserve to remain within our communal consciousness and to be embraced with unconditional love."
301:
501:". In the document they said the church must provide pastoral care to those infected with HIV as well as medical care. It called discrimination against people with AIDS "unjust and immoral". It also rejected extra-marital sex and the use of condoms to halt the spread of the disease. They reiterated the Church's teaching that human sexuality was a gift and was to be used in monogamous marriages.
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not be punitive but rather provide them with the same care and support as any other sick person. In 1998, evidence suggested that the vast majority of priests with AIDS were treated with dignity and provided ample medical care. In 2005, most dioceses offered health care and housing to priests with AIDS until their deaths. There is no global policy on how to handle priests with AIDS.
363:, in Sydney's inner city, which became a world leader in HIV research. However, despite its geographic proximity to the infected community, it was reported that the atmosphere at St Vincent's was initially homophobic in the early 1980s, but hospital administrators took action to correct the situation.
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In the 1980s, dioceses in the United States varied in how they responded to clergy with AIDS. Some were compassionate while others ostracized those infected. There was no national policy on how to handle priests with AIDS at the time, but a spokesman for the bishops' conference said the church should
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called for a global plan to combat AIDS and pledged the full support of the
Catholic Church for those who were battling it. Doing so, he said, was fundamental to the mission of the Church. He said the church was called to both help prevent the spread of the disease and to care for those infected with
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With the spread of the disease to North
America, the Church in the United States established the National Catholic AIDS Network to provide care to AIDS patients, their families and loved ones. The Network hosted conferences and served as a clearinghouse of information to Catholic AIDS ministries. The
197:, noted, Benedict did not address the issue of whether condoms are effective at preventing HIV transmission. The new statement from Benedict was criticized by conservative Catholics such as Jimmy Akin, who described Benedict's statements as "private opinions" as opposed to "official Church teaching".
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The church's condemnation of homosexuality, even while it provides care to AIDS patients, has been a locus of controversy with regard to its relationship to AIDS. Instances of homophobia, and related AIDS-phobia, within the Church have led to harmful practices and attitudes among some members of the
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The Church's stance has been criticized as unrealistic, ineffective, irresponsible and immoral by many public health officials and AIDS activists. Empirical evidence suggests that condoms reduce the numbers of those who are infected with an STD, including HIV. Some researchers claim that the primary
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Some bishops have suggested that condom use may be acceptable in some circumstances to prevent AIDS. In 1996, the Social
Commission of the French Bishops' Conference said that condom use "can be understood in the case of people for whom sexual activity is an ingrained part of their lifestyle and for
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There may be a basis in the case of some individuals, as perhaps when a male prostitute uses a condom, where this can be a first step in the direction of a moralization, a first assumption of responsibility, on the way toward recovering an awareness that not everything is allowed and that one cannot
172:, stated that while "in theory, condom promotions ought to work everywhere ... that's not what the research in Africa shows." Green also indicated that strategies that worked in Africa were "strategies that break up these multiple and concurrent sexual networks – or, in plain language, faithful
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Church officials recognized that there was not a great deal of profit to be made in selling drugs to this demographic, so they instead made moral arguments for why the companies should work in this area. Following those meetings in April and May 2016, new targets were written into a document signed
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In May 2011, the
Vatican sponsored another international conference with the theme of "The Centrality of Care for the Person in the Prevention and Treatment of Illnesses Caused by HIV/AIDS", during which church officials continued teaching that condoms were immoral and ineffective" Due to sometimes
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AIDS theorists. The said several social factors, including changing sexual mores, economic poverty, and the drug use that often accompanies it, were driving causes of the epidemic. The bishops said to ignore these issues when addressing AIDS was not only intellectually dishonest but also unfair to
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This explanation was interpreted by many as a change of tack by the
Vatican which necessitated a clarification from the Vatican that "the pope does not morally justify the disordered exercise of sexuality, but maintains that the use of the condom to diminish the danger of infection may be "a first
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There was much media attention about
Benedict's comments on condom use after his interview with Peter Seewald in 2010. In the interview, Benedict discussed how the Church was helping people with AIDS and the need to fight the trivialisation of sexuality. Replying to the interviewer's comment that,
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from the requirement to offer condoms and other services that conflicted with Church teaching in return for state funding. In the same decade, the
Archdiocese of New York would not lease classroom space to the New York Board of Education to hold classes on AIDS education unless the board agreed to
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At the opening session of the conference, Cardinal John O'Connor urged the public to be treated with respect and not as public health hazards, as outcasts, or shunned and left to die. This included, he said, those in prison who were often put in solitary confinement until they died. O'Connor also
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and special activities for people with AIDS and in the 1980s, some dioceses began hiring staff and commissioning priests for AIDS ministry. In 1989, the top services provided in the United States were health and hospice care, AIDS advocacy, and education and prevention; others were drug treatment
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According to the
Vatican, care providers include 5,000 hospitals, 18,000 dispensaries, and 9,000 orphanages located both in rural and urban environments. Much of the Church's aid effort is concentrated in developing nations – in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Catholic medical centers treat
767:, sent a letter to every diocese and religious superior in the United States. Peterson said that by coming forward he hoped to gain compassion and understanding for himself and others with AIDS. Hickey said Peterson's diagnosis was a call to reach out with compassion to others with the disease.
51:
The
Catholic Church's opposition to contraception includes a prohibition on condoms. It believes that chastity should be the primary means of preventing the transmission of AIDS. The Church's stance has been criticized as unrealistic, ineffective, irresponsible and immoral by some public health
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Many priests acquired the disease by having sex with other men. Others became infected while working as missionaries in parts of the world with poor health practices and systems. In the past, seminaries did not teach anything to seminarians how to handle their sexuality. This was, according to
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released a three-part report that claimed priests were dying of AIDS at a rate four times greater than the general population. The report gained widespread coverage in the media, but the study was criticized as being unrepresentative and having "little, if any, real value". The total number of
681:
In 1989, the United States Bishops Conference, in an attempt to move the discourse around AIDS from a medical context to a social one, said AIDS was "a product of human actions in social contexts ... shaped by larger cultural and social structures." They placed the epidemic in a different
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has said that the "primary cause of the spread of this horrendous disease is poverty. Related barriers to AIDS prevention are racism; the low status of women; and an exploitative global economic system which influences the marketing of medical resources." Medical anthropologist and physician
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condemnation, or discrimination, did not act to alleviate their suffering. During the 2001 Special Session of the United Nations on HIV/AIDS, John Paul II raised special concern about the transmission of the virus from mother to child and access to medical care and life-saving medications.
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in East Africa, which had one of the highest rates of AIDS infections in all of Africa, John Paul II urged the world to work on behalf of AIDS patients and to promote "the true well-being of the human family". Likewise, he condemned the public authorities, which, out of either indifference,
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credited the series of meetings with making progress in an area where previous efforts had stalled. Within a year the program expanded to include getting diagnostic equipment into poor and remote areas of sub-Saharan Africa so that children and their parents could learn their HIV status.
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context than how many public health officials typically considered the issue. Arguing that social factors, including historic political and social oppression and marginalization of infected populations, played a role in the spread of the pandemic was similar to those being made by
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care. While not allowing the use of condoms, Catholic Church-related organizations provide more than 25% of all HIV treatment, care, and support throughout the world, with 12% coming from Catholic Church organizations and 13% coming from Catholic non-governmental organizations.
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programs, housing, legal services, advocacy on behalf of those with AIDS, financial assistance, information about the disease and referrals for services, psychological and emotional support for both patients and family members, meals and groceries, and transportation services.
236:, opined that when one spouse has HIV but the other does not that using condoms could be considered "a lesser evil". But he quickly noted that the church should not acknowledge these considerations publicly because of "the risk of promoting an irresponsible attitude."
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rejected the notion that there may be "innocent" or "guilty" victims of the virus. Anyone with the disease, whether acquired through a tainted blood transfusion, hetero- or homosexual sex, drug use, or otherwise, should be afforded the same care and compassion.
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assumption of responsibility", as opposed to not using the condom and exposing the other person to a fatal risk. Due to confusion over a translation, it was later clarified that Benedict's comments did not just refer to men, but women and transexuals as well.
625:, stressed victims behavior as a cause. "Were promiscuity not endemic, HIV wouldn't be an epidemic." He said it could not simply be considered a medical or public health issue and that a holistic approach should be used for AIDS prevention and treatment.
752:, a "failure on the part of the church" that led to priests dealing with it in unhealthy ways. A 1972 report found that most a large majority of priests did not have a healthy sexual identity and were psychologically underdeveloped. Many dioceses and
391:, they develop responses that meet the needs in the local context to the disease, including education, prevention, and treatment. The founding of the network was in response to a major effort by the Jesuits to make AIDS in Africa a major priority.
658:, speaking at the 2003 Plenary Session of the United Nations on the Implementation of the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS, criticized pharmaceutical companies for making medications prohibitively expensive for many of the world's poorest.
152:
issued guidelines saying that "parents must also reject the promotion of so-called 'safe sex' or 'safer sex', a dangerous and immoral policy based on the deluded theory that the condom can provide adequate protection against AIDS."
63:
in a movement towards a different way, a more human way, of living sexuality." He said that the concern for others suggested by this action is laudable, but does not mean that either prostitution or condoms are in themselves good.
254:. The bishops' conference condemned his words, describing condoms as "an immoral and misguided weapon" in the fight against HIV, and argued that condom use could even encourage the spread of HIV by promoting extramarital sex.
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that chemical and barrier methods of contraception went against Church teachings. The debate was over whether or not condoms could be used, not as contraceptives, but as a means of preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS and other
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National Research Council; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Panel on Monitoring the Social Impact of the AIDS Epidemic (1 February 1993).
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dismissed the question of whether or not condoms should be used to fight transmission. An annoyed Francis said the church's views on condom usage was a small issue compared to a lack of clean water and malnutrition.
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In 1989, the Vatican held a conference on AIDS. The three day affair drew over 1,000 delegates, including church leaders and the world's top scientists and AIDS researchers, from 85 countries. It included
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waive parts of the curriculum that the Church found objectionable. It also objected because the curriculum made "no mention of modesty, chastity, premarital sexual abstinence or even marital fidelity."
161:
In 2005, Pope Benedict XVI (formerly Ratzinger) listed several ways to combat the spread of HIV, including chastity, fidelity in marriage and anti-poverty efforts; he also rejected the use of condoms.
1230:
World Health Organization Department of Reproductive Health and Research (WHO/RHR) & Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs (CCP), INFO Project (2007).
595:. Dozens of AIDS experts attended. It had been thought that the conference may open the door to condom use but the church reaffirmed its position that condoms were morally impermissible. Archbishop
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Director of the Community Support, Social Justice, and Inclusion Program Deborah Von Zinkernagel reminded church officials that it was also important to work to lessen the stigma of having AIDS.
194:
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issued a document saying that just as Jesus loved and healed lepers, the blind, the lame, and others, so too should Catholics care for those with AIDS. The year before, they publicly denounced
148:. John Paul II said that condoms were a sin in any circumstance. He lauded family values and praised fidelity and abstinence as the only true ways to combat the disease. In December 1995, the
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noted: "...consideration must be given ... to the spread of AIDS. It is a moral duty to prevent such suffering, even if the underlying behavior cannot be condoned in many cases..."
599:, the president of the council and convener of the conference, said at the opening of the conference that the use of condoms did "not respect the absolute dignity of the human person."
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Across the globe, Catholic authorities have spoken out and written about the need for the Church to address the AIDS pandemic in a manner consistent with its mission. Archbishop
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514:, the Archbishop of Chicago, issued a 12-page policy paper in 1986 that outlined "sweeping pastoral initiatives" his archdiocese would be undertaking. In 1987, the bishops of
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674:, have all argued that to address the AIDS crisis that society must also address poverty and the low status of women. Their arguments, along with others published in
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those already infected and make efforts to prevent the spread of the disease. Catholic hospitals were among the first to treat HIV/AIDS patients in the early 1980s.
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May, William E. (Summer–Fall 2007). "The Theological Significance of Consummation of Marriage, Contraception, Using Condoms to Prevent HIV, and Same-Sex Unions".
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606:, or handbook, for people who minister to those with AIDS was presented. Fiorenza Deriu Bagnato, an Italian social researcher, also spoke at the conference.
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699:, Church officials have consistently lobbied drug makers and governments in poor nations to increase the provision of antiretroviral medicines to children.
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Underhill, Kristen; Operario, Don; Montgomery, Paul (17 October 2007). "Abstinence-only programs for HIV infection prevention in high-income countries".
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should be used instead. Research has found that abstinence only education fails to decrease people's risks of transmitting STDs in the developed world.
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at the United Nations' High-Level Meeting on Ending AIDS in June. The targets called for getting medications to 1.6 million children within two years.
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neighborhood of New York, Washington, D.C., and San Francisco in the 1980s as well. Individual parishes also began opening hospices for AIDS patients.
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do whatever one wants. But it is not really the way to deal with the evil of HIV infection. That can really lie only in a humanization of sexuality.
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With the advent of AIDS, the Church initially responded nervously but soon began actively providing ministry and medical care to people with AIDS.
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1004:
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opened a shelter for AIDS patients in 1985. In the same year, they also opened a hotline for people to call for resources and information. The
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priests who have or have died of AIDS is unknown, partly due to their desire to keep their diagnoses confidential, and estimates vary widely.
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2105:
719:
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By 2008, Catholic Charities USA had 1,600 agencies providing services to people with AIDS, including housing and mental health services. The
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By 1987, at least 12 of the 57,000 priests in the United States had died of AIDS. By 2001, over 300 priests had died of AIDS. In 2000, the
490:
90:
37:, despite their effectiveness in preventing the spread of HIV, has invited criticism from public health officials and anti-AIDS activists.
33:
patients. Much of its work takes place in developing countries, although it has also had a presence in the global north. Its opposition to
1100:
Winer, Rachel L.; Hughes, James P.; Feng, Qinghua; O'Reilly, Sandra; Kiviat, Nancy B.; Holmes, King K.; Koutsky, Laura A. (22 June 2006).
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clergy and laity. Catholic teaching on condoms and opposition to homosexuality, seen as exacerbating the pandemic, has led groups such as
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issued a document suggesting that education on the use of condoms could be an acceptable part of an anti-AIDS program. In response,
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Guevin, Benedict; Martin Rhonheimer (Spring 2005). "Debate: On the Use of Condoms to Prevent Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome".
640:, the convener of the 1989 Vatican Conference on AIDS, said "victims are our brothers and we should not sit in judgement of them."
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1050:"Dual Protection Against Unintended Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Infections: What Is the Best Contraceptive Approach?"
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There have been a number of Catholics and theologians who have dissented from the Church's position on the use of condoms.
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Hovanasian, Debbie (29 May 2010). "Merrimack Valley Catholic Charities celebrates 90 years of helping those in distress".
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2422:"Sida.- El sida causará la muerte de 55 millones de africanos entre 2000 y 2020, según la Red de los Jesuitas Africanos"
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German Bishops Conference, "Bevölkerungs-wachstum und Entwicklungsforderung (Population Policy and Development)", 1993.
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pointed out that when a male prostitute uses a condom "with the intention of reducing the risk of infection, can be a
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The use of condoms specifically to prevent the spread of AIDS has involved Catholic theologians arguing both sides.
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Church officials also condemned the fact that those in poorer parts of the world receive substandard medical care.
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1957:"Emerging Answers 2007: Research Findings on Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Diseases"
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upheld the church's traditional prohibition on condoms. His position was harshly criticized by some doctors and
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Workshop Summary: Scientific Evidence on Condom Effectiveness for Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) Prevention
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101:, stated that such an approach "would result in at least the facilitation of evil", not merely its toleration.
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1550:"Statement On Pontiff's Words Regarding Condoms - 'The Pope Does Not Reform or Change the Church's Teaching'"
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797:. Most mainstream AIDS organizations, however, have worked with the Church to bring an end to the pandemic.
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3420:"UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibé gives guest lecture at Vatican International Study Meeting on HIV"
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The first (and perhaps only) Catholic bishop publicly known to have died of AIDS was Auxiliary Bishop
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The Conference was the first church body to address the pandemic in 1987 with a document entitled "
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disagreed, saying the "embedded meaning" of using a condom must be consider as its essential part.
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Wilson, Terry (23 May 1997). "Loved Ones of Aids Victims Mourn Together at Memorial Day Service".
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1236:. INFO Project at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. p. 200. Archived from
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246:, believes that the Catholic Church should reverse its position on the use of condoms to prevent
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After a trip to Africa, in which he spoke little on AIDS but visited with HIV positive children,
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UNAIDS requests Pope Benedict XVI for support in efforts to stop new HIV infections in children
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Encyclopedia of AIDS: A Social, Political, Cultural, and Scientific Record of the HIV Epidemic
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officials and representatives from the United Nations and the United States. At the meeting,
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published materials beginning in 1988 for use in elementary, secondary, and college classes.
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3860:"Death of a Bishop: Of Holy Orders And Human Frailty;Beloved Clergyman Hid Personal Battles"
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Ramirez, Margaret (12 July 2006). "Catholics Work to Change Stigma Associated with AIDS".
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it. He also deplored what he viewed as the destructive behaviors that spread the disease.
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The Catholic Church, with over 117,000 health centers, is the largest private provider of
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1147:; National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services (20 July 2001).
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According to sex education experts, abstinence-only sex education is not effective, and
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While insisting that there was a personal responsibility to avoid risky behavior, the
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One of the first priests to gain widespread attention because of his AIDS status was
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to forcibly quarantine those with AIDS, and encouraged Catholics to vote against it.
387:
as a network of organizations that fight against HIV/AIDS Based on the outskirts of
344:
272:, the infertility of this act should be considered as side effect of using a condom.
264:, believes that using a condoms to prevent AIDS can be justified on the basis of the
257:
250:
transmission. Following this, he received a number of rebukes from the South African
130:
105:
56:
52:
officials and AIDS activists, who note that condoms prevent the transmission of HIV.
1605:
Benagiano, Giuseppe; Carrara, Sabina; Filippi, Valentina; Brosens, Ivo (June 2011).
1083:
651:
6724:
6519:
6324:
6304:
6224:
6209:
6108:
6010:
5884:
5724:
5682:
5677:
5657:
5640:
5553:
5217:
5145:
4923:
4903:
4898:
4828:
4763:
4506:
3350:
2651:
1983:
1979:
1898:
1890:
1849:
1841:
1618:
1199:
1191:
1113:
1061:
749:
740:
618:
571:
reiterated his opposition to condoms as a method to prevent the transition of HIV.
430:
376:
94:
80:
sparked an intervention from the Vatican. The Church in 1968 had already stated in
1102:"Condom Use and the Risk of Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection in Young Women"
756:
now require applicants to take an HIV test before being admitted as a seminarian.
678:, examined the issue of HIV/AIDS in the context of social justice considerations.
180:"It is madness to forbid a high-risk population to use condoms", Benedict stated:
6577:
6544:
6488:
6482:
6339:
6244:
6148:
5960:
5454:
5419:
5403:
5264:
4656:
4396:
4166:
3959:
3524:
3168:
3092:
2680:
2259:
1894:
1751:
1717:
1008:
900:
794:
472:
454:
450:
173:
26:
2722:
2693:
2664:
2632:
2579:
1731:
1475:
6640:
6465:
6259:
6234:
6198:
6138:
6131:
6126:
6116:
5970:
5955:
5894:
5770:
5760:
5516:
5393:
5351:
5314:
4607:
4391:
1845:
1623:
1606:
1557:
806:
671:
592:
273:
5833:
3250:
1195:
6698:
6524:
6450:
6416:
6400:
6360:
6043:
6018:
5794:
5704:
5689:
5611:
5398:
5335:
5309:
5284:
4587:
4496:
3871:
2507:"DREAM: An integrated faith-based initiative to treat HIV/AIDS in Mozambique"
2388:
1960:
1650:"Pope Francis indicates little concern over condom use in fight against Aids"
644:
464:
422:
340:
308:
269:
81:
6634:
6509:
6365:
6329:
6068:
5990:
5834:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5558:
5377:
4622:
4313:
3456:
3345:
2707:
Matuza, Sharon (18 September 1996). "AIDS Ministry: The Focus is On Life".
2011:
1991:
1912:
1863:
1632:
1213:
1127:
1075:
700:
575:
560:
460:
446:
434:
398:
is "among global leaders on HIV/AIDS" with a large presence in Africa. Its
251:
206:
176:
or at least reduction in numbers of partners, especially concurrent ones."
118:
2024:
1579:
421:
Parishes and dioceses have instituted various forms of paid and volunteer
6435:
6264:
6239:
6214:
6187:
6174:
6083:
5985:
5672:
4526:
4427:
4218:
3932:
Inside the Jesuits: How Pope Francis Is Changing the Church and the World
1118:
1101:
667:
564:
2936:"The Papal Visit; AIDS Issue at Fore as Pope Visits San Francisco Today"
471:
to wash and kiss the feet of 12 drug addicts with AIDS. While attending
6219:
5804:
5294:
4486:
4328:
4156:
3636:"Vatican makes progress on pushing drug availability for kids with HIV"
1532:"Pope signals shift away from Catholic church's prohibition of condoms"
603:
515:
445:
During a 1987 visit to San Francisco, a city hit hard by the pandemic,
403:
384:
1296:(2). Pittsfield, Massachusetts: Catholic Library Association: 207–217.
975:
973:
933:"Pope's condom comments latest chapter in sensitive church discussion"
1448:
475:
in Panama, he visited a Church-run home for those infected with HIV.
260:, theologian and professor of Ethics and Political Philosophy at the
3307:. Wichita, Kansas. Catholic News Service. 8 December 2000. p. 6
6678:
6033:
5787:
5775:
5330:
4592:
4491:
4188:
4136:
2239:(Podcast). Plague: Untold Stories of AIDS & the Catholic Church
2164:(Podcast). Plague: Untold Stories of AIDS & the Catholic Church
970:
315:
141:
30:
4101:
2079:"Catholic Church Looks to Lead Conversation on Combating HIV/AIDS"
567:
winners, theologians, hospital administrators, and psychologists.
129:. It was also suggested that his position on condoms cost him the
6290:
5904:
5526:
5304:
5254:
4516:
3600:"Vatican spearheads effort to get AIDS drugs to children -- soon"
3506:
3504:
3491:
3489:
3476:
3474:
1418:
902:
Sex, Violence, and Justice: Contraception and the Catholic Church
388:
2900:
2898:
2854:
2218:"United Nations General Assembly High-Level Meeting on HIV/AIDS"
2116:
2114:
1180:"Condom effectiveness in reducing heterosexual HIV transmission"
6456:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
5899:
5809:
5714:
5289:
5240:
4632:
3125:
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education 1993
2798:
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education 1993
2786:
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education 1993
2774:
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education 1993
2762:
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education 1993
2313:
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education 1993
997:
995:
965:
Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education 1993
790:
708:
623:
Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers
589:
Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers
380:
137:
126:
73:
34:
4017:
After the Wrath of God: AIDS, Sexuality, and American Religion
3501:
3486:
3471:
3276:
1604:
690:
125:
activists who said that it led to deaths and millions of AIDS
5274:
5259:
4548:
European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership
3989:
Medical Ethics: Sources of Catholic Teachings, Fourth Edition
2895:
2285:
2111:
1959:. National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy. Archived from
670:
and David Walton, along with the priest and moral theologian
300:
72:
In 1988, a debate within the Catholic Church over the use of
3016:"Pope seeks to end stigma of AIDS with visit to church home"
2135:"The Lesser Evil: The Catholic Church and the AIDS Epidemic"
992:
104:
In the 1980s, Catholic hospitals received a waiver from the
4666:
4627:
4078:
Family values Versus Safe Sex: A Reflection by His Eminence
1973:
1099:
703:
invited pharmaceutical executives to meetings in Rome with
122:
77:
3701:"AIDS Among Clergy Presents Challenges to Catholic Church"
2910:
1686:
French Bishops Council, "AIDS: Society in Question", 1996.
882:"Catechism of the Catholic Church - The sixth commandment"
268:. Because the pair use the condom to prevent disease, not
136:
In September 1990, John Paul II visited the small town of
6345:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
5209:
4151:
4132:
2436:
1156:. Hyatt Dulles Airport, Herndon, Virginia. pp. 13–15
292:
challenge is getting people to use condoms all the time.
247:
4231:
WHO disease staging system for HIV infection and disease
3720:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3572:
3570:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3452:"Vatican Maintains Stance on Condoms at HIV/AIDS Summit"
3251:"Vatican appoints Lee native to head global AIDS effort"
2878:"Pope in S.F.: When John Paul II blessed AIDS sufferers"
2361:"New Orleans priest founded first Catholic AIDS hospice"
2261:
The Church and AIDS in Africa: The Politics of Ambiguity
1668:
1341:"The synod's key twist: The sudden return of gradualism"
355:
AIDS arrived in Australia in the 1980s. Soon after, the
4095:
3147:"Vatican AIDS Meeting Hears O'Connor Assail Condom Use"
3074:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3037:
1272:
1178:
Weller, Susan C; Davis-Beaty, Karen (21 January 2002).
400:
Drug Resource Enhancement against Aids and Malnutrition
144:, and gave a speech that many believe set the tone for
5199:
List of HIV/AIDS cases and deaths registered by region
3301:"Vatican plans to issue document of HIV/AIDS ministry"
3217:"HIV-positive priest halts Vatican conference on AIDS"
2989:"Pope Francis' sympathy to drug addicts, AIDS victims"
591:
held a two-day conference in 2000 that coincided with
6376:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
3711:
3670:"Priest With AIDS--'It's Important That People Know'"
3567:
3550:
3193:
2448:
2409:
https://www.afao.org.au/article/never-turning-back-2/
2181:
2179:
1444:"John Paul's 1990 speech 'sentenced millions to die'"
1145:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
862:
763:. The month before he died, Peterson and his bishop,
16:
Relationship between the Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS
3057:
3034:
3014:
Winfield, Nicole; Zamorano, Juan (27 January 2019).
1689:
1513:"Pope Benedict on condoms in the light of the world"
1312:"Pope Benedict, Condoms, and the Light of the World"
1018:
1016:
5194:
List of countries by HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate
4583:
President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)
4568:
Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
3170:
The Wages of Sin: Sex and Disease, Past and Present
2602:"Italian vineyards do part to fight AIDS in Africa"
2049:"Catholic AIDS workers: Pope echoing us on condoms"
413:
47:
Catholic theology of sexuality § Contraception
5449:
3827:Cengage Advantage Books: Introduction to Sociology
2176:
777:
449:physically and verbally embraced AIDS patients at
3516:
2835:Stein, Mark A.; Morain, Dan (18 September 1987).
2158:"AIDS, the Catholic Church and LGBT issues today"
1177:
1048:Cates, Willard; Steiner, Markus J. (March 2002).
1013:
295:
99:Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
6696:
6446:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
3985:
3522:
3013:
1797:"South African bishop defies Vatican on condoms"
1233:Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers
1043:
1041:
359:began to admit patients with the new disease at
4182:National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program
222:whom represents a serious risk." In 1993, the
3961:The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States
3898:
3510:
3495:
3480:
3282:
2916:
2904:
2860:
2291:
2258:Patterson, Amy Stephenson (31 December 2010).
2230:
2155:
2120:
2019:(2). U.S. Food and Drug Administration: 22–5.
1877:Ott, Mary A; Santelli, John S (October 2007).
1745:When Does Life Begin? Cardinal Martini Replies
1424:
5435:
5225:
4117:
3765:"Hundreds of priests in the U.S. die of AIDS"
3445:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3437:
2407:Australian Federation of AIDS organisations,
2251:
2233:"Surviving the AIDS crisis as a gay Catholic"
2101:
2099:
1372:"The law of gradualism: A process toward God"
1305:
1303:
1038:
499:On "The Many Faces of AIDS: A Gospel Response
193:As John Haas, the president for the American
3819:
3817:
3173:, University of Chicago Press, p. 142,
2964:"Pope Condemns Bias Against Victims of AIDS"
2644:
2642:
2419:
1883:Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology
1766:"European Heroes 2005: Lives in the Balance"
1644:
1642:
1607:"Condoms, HIV and the Roman Catholic Church"
1047:
491:United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
164:In 2005, a senior research scientist at the
40:
4274:Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome
3899:Gravend-Tirole, Xavier (30 November 2008).
3694:
3692:
3690:
3629:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3223:. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. p. 9
3214:
3094:Homosexuality and Religion: An Encyclopedia
2834:
1876:
1139:
1137:
691:2016 meetings with pharmaceutical companies
542:
133:, which he was widely expected to receive.
6461:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
6411:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5442:
5428:
5232:
5218:
4507:People With AIDS Self-Empowerment Movement
4124:
4110:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3434:
3257:. Pittsfield, Massachusetts. pp. 1, 8
2837:"Pope Assures AIDS Patients of God's Love"
2648:
2358:
2354:
2352:
2096:
2043:
2041:
2004:
1879:"Abstinence and abstinence-only education"
1830:"Condoms and HIV: The State of the Debate"
1401:
1399:
1300:
926:
924:
922:
720:President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief
4096:Catholics for AIDS Prevention and Support
3814:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3663:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3526:Catholic Ethicists on HIV/AIDS Prevention
3414:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3242:
3210:
3208:
3084:
2639:
2332:"Bishop Urges Church Action On AIDS Care"
2257:
1954:
1948:
1902:
1853:
1639:
1622:
1580:"Pope: Condoms OK for women with HIV too"
1405:
1369:
1335:
1275:The National Catholic Bioethics Quarterly
1203:
1117:
1065:
676:Catholic Ethicists on HIV/AIDS Prevention
537:National Catholic Educational Association
437:of those with AIDS and their caregivers.
3986:O'Rourke, OP, Kevin D. (13 April 2011).
3905:The World's Religions after September 11
3823:
3687:
3618:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3326:
3248:
3162:
3160:
2981:
2961:
2933:
2871:
2869:
2580:"BBC: Profile: Community of Sant'Egidio"
2325:
2323:
2321:
2072:
2070:
1491:
1489:
1464:The Truth and Meaning of Human Sexuality
1437:
1435:
1433:
1225:
1223:
1173:
1171:
1134:
1095:
1093:
979:
478:
299:
279:
3935:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
3790:
3788:
3786:
3698:
3633:
3602:. Catholic News Service. Archived from
3597:
3341:"Vatican says condoms not 'legitimate'"
2962:Parmelee, Jennifer (16 November 1989).
2957:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2949:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2738:"McCarrick Issues Call to Arms on AIDS"
2622:
2616:
2599:
2504:
2349:
2231:O'Loughlin, Michael (1 December 2019).
2224:
2156:O'Loughlin, Michael (12 January 2020).
2149:
2038:
1998:
1976:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1441:
1396:
1363:
1184:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
919:
898:
410:, as well as from Italy's winegrowers.
262:Pontifical University of the Holy Cross
29:is a major provider of medical care to
6697:
3928:
3857:
3730:
3667:
3654:
3449:
3405:
3372:
3353:. Reuters. 2 December 2000. p. 83
3288:
3205:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3007:
2934:Reinhold, Robert (17 September 1987).
2735:
2706:
2700:
2677:
2671:
2577:
2454:
2442:
2389:"Compass: Sisters of Charity - ABC TV"
2132:
2126:
2076:
2005:Nordenberg, Tamar (March–April 1998).
1827:
1763:
1500:Green, Edw. C. "The Pope may be right"
1406:Rosenthal, Elisabeth (16 April 2005).
1370:Grabowski, John S. (29 October 2014).
930:
830:For the full text of the letter, see:
195:National Catholic Centre for Bioethics
5423:
5213:
4543:Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories
4105:
4041:
4013:
3824:Tischler, Henry L. (1 January 2010).
3724:
3582:
3576:
3561:
3215:O'Grady, Desmond (20 November 1989).
3199:
3166:
3157:
3090:
3078:
3051:
2875:
2866:
2828:
2593:
2571:
2545:
2520:
2498:
2477:
2460:
2401:
2381:
2318:
2210:
2185:
2108:; UNAIDS Feature Story; 11 April 2012
2067:
1967:
1919:
1870:
1794:
1788:
1757:
1737:
1724:
1710:
1701:
1695:
1680:
1674:
1598:
1542:
1529:
1523:
1505:
1486:
1468:
1456:
1430:
1329:
1309:
1281:
1266:
1244:
1220:
1168:
1090:
868:
848:The first was in New Orleans in 1985.
4042:Smith, Raymond A. (27 August 1998).
3929:Kaiser, Robert Blair (23 May 2014).
3783:
3523:Keenan, James F., ed. (1 May 2000).
3249:Burchard, Linda (11 December 1989).
2946:
2922:
2729:
2329:
2186:Stahl, Brittany (14 December 2008).
1656:. Associated Press. 30 November 2015
874:
730:
6315:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
4662:The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert
4131:
3901:"Catholicism and the AIDS Pandemic"
3699:Lindsey, Robert (2 February 1987).
3130:
3091:Siker, Jeffrey S. (November 2006).
2803:
2600:Pulella, Philip (3 December 2010).
2394:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
2264:. FirstForumPress. pp. 54–57.
2055:. Associated Press. 1 December 2010
1442:Clayton, Jonathan (18 March 2009).
1408:"Top Catholics question condom ban"
1287:
408:Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
91:U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops
13:
5870:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
3668:Corwin, Miles (16 February 1987).
2413:
1572:
1556:. 21 November 2010. Archived from
1462:Pontifical Council for the Family
982:"Vatican: condoms don't stop Aids"
980:Bradshaw, Steve (9 October 2003).
609:
582:
574:At the closing of the conference,
547:
14:
6741:
6710:Catholicism-related controversies
4248:Countries by AIDS prevalence rate
4070:
2876:Nolte, Carl (21 September 2015).
2578:Holmes, Stephanie (8 June 2007).
2485:"Global Health and Africa Report"
2330:Hyer, Marorie (31 October 1986).
1795:Nolen, Stephanie (7 April 2007).
1732:Cardinal backs limited condom use
1476:"Pope rejects condoms for Africa"
1310:Smith, Janet (21 November 2010).
784:Catholic Church and homosexuality
687:those in risk-prone populations.
631:
150:Pontifical Council for the Family
6730:Religious views on birth control
6677:
6665:
5996:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5951:Second Council of Constantinople
4709:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4269:AIDS-defining clinical condition
3851:
3830:. Cengage Learning. p. 37.
3364:
3318:
3268:
3234:
2625:McClatchy - Tribune News Service
2359:Finney Jr., Peter (4 May 2019).
1067:10.1097/00007435-200203000-00007
602:At the conference, a draft of a
414:Ministry to people with HIV/AIDS
326:
5966:Third Council of Constantinople
5890:First Council of Constantinople
4082:Alfonso Cardinal López Trujillo
4014:Petro, Anthony Michael (2015).
3992:. Georgetown University Press.
3634:Jeffrey, Paul (9 August 2018).
3097:. Greenwood Press. p. 54.
2007:"Condoms: Barriers to Bad News"
1821:
1611:Reproductive BioMedicine Online
1530:Quinn, Ben (20 November 2010).
1106:New England Journal of Medicine
905:. Georgetown University Press.
842:
824:
778:Relationship with homosexuality
166:Harvard School of Public Health
21:Catholic Church and health care
6205:Dissolution of the monasteries
5471:History of the Catholic Church
3892:
3858:Sexton, Joe (7 October 1995).
3598:Jeffrey, Paul (25 July 2016).
2736:Murphy, Caryle (23 May 2003).
2188:"AIDS and the Catholic Church"
1984:10.1002/14651858.CD005421.pub2
1945:(includes research citations).
1290:Josephinum Journal of Theology
931:Thavis, John (18 March 2009).
892:
705:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
296:Medical care for AIDS patients
1:
6079:Fourth Council of the Lateran
6054:Second Council of the Lateran
5663:Apostles in the New Testament
4578:Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS
4558:International AIDS Conference
4512:HIV/AIDS in the porn industry
4455:Discrimination against people
3167:Allen, Peter L. (June 2002),
2474:, 12/6/11. Retrieved 12/6/11.
2420:Europa Press (28 June 2007).
1054:Sexually Transmitted Diseases
1002:Partnerships in civil society
855:
361:St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney
87:sexually transmitted diseases
6193:Catholic Counter-Reformation
6059:Third Council of the Lateran
6049:First Council of the Lateran
5505:Catholic ecumenical councils
4438:Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS
4319:HIV Drug Resistance Database
3964:. National Academies Press.
1895:10.1097/GCO.0b013e3282efdc0b
563:, the co-discoverer of HIV,
554:1989 Vatican AIDS conference
350:
7:
4739:Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
4573:Media portrayal of HIV/AIDS
4502:List of HIV-positive people
4020:. Oxford University Press.
3903:. In Sharma, Arvind (ed.).
3450:Suarez, Ray (30 May 2011).
3315:– via Newspapers.com.
3265:– via newspapers.com.
3231:– via Newspapers.com.
2492:Tony Blair Faith Foundation
2468:AIDS: From Judgment to Hope
2077:Suarez, Ray (27 May 2011).
834:. See also Karol Wojtyla's
832:On "The Many Faces of AIDS"
800:
375:was established in 2002 by
373:African Jesuit AIDS Network
286:comprehensive sex education
10:
6746:
5539:History of the Roman Curia
5239:
4639:Reports from the Holocaust
4563:International AIDS Society
4553:Elton John AIDS Foundation
3796:"20/20: Priests With AIDS"
3640:National Catholic Reporter
2559:. 10 June 2007. p. A8
1846:10.1179/002436311803888519
1624:10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.02.007
1026:. Planned Parenthood. 2008
781:
551:
482:
469:archbishop of Buenos Aires
266:principle of double effect
224:German Bishops' Conference
213:
44:
18:
6660:
6560:
6426:
6353:
6288:
6275:European wars of religion
6172:
6107:
6009:
5931:
5822:
5745:
5605:
5594:
5586:Eastern Catholic Churches
5461:
5386:
5365:
5344:
5323:
5247:
5189:
5159:
5111:
5079:
5029:
5020:
4992:
4827:
4684:
4675:
4598:Treatment Action Campaign
4535:
4420:
4352:
4314:Tuberculosis co-infection
4256:
4177:disease progression rates
4144:
2715:Bergen County, New Jersey
2528:"DREAM & Sant'Egidio"
2133:Miller, Patricia (2001).
1805:. Toronto. Archived from
1196:10.1002/14651858.CD003255
793:to hold protests such as
724:World Council of Churches
529:
366:
343:, opened hospices in the
146:the AIDS crisis in Africa
41:Catholic views on condoms
6406:Mary of the Divine Heart
6029:Clash against the empire
5981:Second Council of Nicaea
5875:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5357:Catholic Church and AIDS
4324:Innate resistance to HIV
4294:Neurocognitive disorders
817:
543:Vatican AIDS Conferences
485:HIV in the United States
440:
396:Community of Sant'Egidio
200:
156:
112:
67:
6672:Vatican City portal
6024:Investiture Controversy
5880:First Council of Nicaea
4645:AIDS–Holocaust metaphor
4628:Gay Men's Health Crisis
4304:Opportunistic infection
4087:Caritas Internationalis
3642:. Catholic News Service
2882:San Francisco Chronicle
2505:Marazzi, M. C. (2005).
2369:. Catholic News Service
1750:7 December 2006 at the
899:Kalbian, Aline (2014).
837:Love and Responsibility
656:Archbishop of São Paulo
643:During a 1990 visit to
337:Missionaries of Charity
333:Archdiocese of New York
6684:Catholicism portal
6495:Second Vatican Council
6381:Our Lady of La Salette
6188:Protestant Reformation
6175:Protestant Reformation
6094:Second Council of Lyon
5483:Ecclesiastical history
4472:HIV-affected community
4412:HIV and homosexual men
2811:"St. Aloysius Gonzaga"
1764:Lindow, Megan (2005).
597:Javier Lozano Barragan
522:, a measure pushed by
311:
305:St. Vincent's Hospital
187:
97:, then-prefect of the
6720:LGBTQ and Catholicism
6715:Religion and HIV/AIDS
6391:First Vatican Council
6089:First Council of Lyon
5853:Constantine the Great
5549:Christian monasticism
4652:Silence=Death Project
4450:Criminal transmission
4370:Multiple sex partners
3422:. UNAIDS. 30 May 2011
2657:Lowell, Massachusetts
2604:. Reuters. p. 18
2466:Marshall, Katherine.
1834:The Linacre Quarterly
1517:Catholic World Report
774:of New York in 1995.
697:Catholic News Service
479:United States bishops
463:visited a hospice on
303:
280:Scientific assessment
182:
6705:Catholic health care
6568:Sexual abuse scandal
6477:Mit brennender Sorge
6320:Age of Enlightenment
6099:Bernard of Clairvaux
5976:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5915:Council of Chalcedon
5695:Council of Jerusalem
5564:Role in civilization
5544:Religious institutes
5476:By country or region
4974:United Arab Emirates
4445:Circumcision and HIV
4402:City of Hope Patient
4162:structure and genome
4098:, a UK based Charity
3385:"Signs of the Times"
3305:The Catholic Advance
2815:Catholic News Agency
2532:Aids Free Birthright
1963:on 15 February 2012.
1119:10.1056/NEJMoa053284
244:bishop of Rustenburg
6396:Papal infallibility
6386:Our Lady of Lourdes
6335:Shimabara Rebellion
6179:Counter-Reformation
4522:AIDS Memorial Quilt
4334:HIV-positive people
3771:. 26 September 2005
3769:The Tampa Bay Times
3511:Gravend-Tirole 2008
3496:Gravend-Tirole 2008
3481:Gravend-Tirole 2008
3283:Gravend-Tirole 2008
3255:The Berkshire Eagle
3153:. 14 November 1989.
2968:The Washington Post
2917:Gravend-Tirole 2008
2905:Gravend-Tirole 2008
2861:Gravend-Tirole 2008
2742:The Washington Post
2336:The Washington Post
2292:Gravend-Tirole 2008
2192:NYC Pavement Pieces
2121:Gravend-Tirole 2008
1828:Newton, W. (2011).
1776:on 12 February 2007
1496:The Washington Post
1425:Gravend-Tirole 2008
1007:6 July 2009 at the
761:Michael R. Peterson
621:, President of the
512:Joseph L. Bernardin
506:Always Our Children
453:in San Francisco's
234:archbishop of Milan
230:Carlo Maria Martini
6441:Our Lady of Fátima
6230:Ignatius of Loyola
6154:Catherine of Siena
6122:Pope Boniface VIII
5941:Benedict of Nursia
5910:Council of Ephesus
5747:Ante-Nicene period
5700:Split with Judaism
5534:Crusading movement
5409:Male contraceptive
5373:History of condoms
5099:Dominican Republic
4482:HIV/AIDS denialism
4407:Women and HIV/AIDS
4397:The London Patient
4264:Signs and symptoms
4172:CDC classification
3864:The New York Times
3705:The New York Times
3393:. 16 December 2000
3151:The New York Times
3022:. Associated Press
2940:The New York Times
2776:, p. 139-140.
2445:, p. 138-139.
1955:Kirby, D. (2007).
1802:The Globe and Mail
1677:, p. 166-167.
1586:. 23 November 2010
1427:, p. 129-130.
1412:The New York Times
1384:on 1 November 2014
1377:Our Sunday Visitor
1351:on 17 October 2014
1339:(8 October 2014).
1337:Allen Jr., John L.
1240:on 27 August 2009.
888:on 13 August 2013.
772:Emerson John Moore
524:Lyndon H. LaRouche
357:Sisters of Charity
312:
6692:
6691:
6652:COVID-19 pandemic
6630:Pope Benedict XVI
6535:Pope John Paul II
6310:Pope Benedict XIV
6296:French Revolution
6280:Thirty Years' War
6270:Robert Bellarmine
6255:John of the Cross
6159:Pope Alexander VI
6144:Council of Vienne
6074:Francis of Assisi
6064:Pope Innocent III
5933:Early Middle Ages
5927:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5865:Arian controversy
5818:
5817:
5766:Apostolic Fathers
5417:
5416:
5207:
5206:
5185:
5184:
5107:
5106:
4588:The SING Campaign
4477:HIV/AIDS activism
4465:Cost of treatment
4387:Timothy Ray Brown
4382:World AIDS Museum
4055:978-1-135-45754-9
4027:978-0-19-939128-8
3999:978-1-58901-756-6
3971:978-0-309-04628-2
3942:978-1-4422-2902-0
3914:978-0-275-99622-2
3837:978-0-495-80440-6
3674:Los Angeles Times
3536:978-0-8264-1230-0
3529:. A&C Black.
3180:978-0-226-01461-6
3104:978-0-313-01431-4
2863:, p. 119-20.
2841:Los Angeles Times
2686:Chicago, Illinois
2557:Santa Maria Times
2145:(3): 6–13, 41–42.
1560:on 6 October 2012
1316:Zenit News Agency
1252:"The Lesser Evil"
1112:(25): 2645–2654.
812:Religion and AIDS
748:Auxiliary Bishop
731:Priests with AIDS
695:According to the
663:Lisa Sowle Cahill
638:Fiorenzo Angelini
345:Greenwich Village
258:Martin Rhonheimer
131:Nobel Peace Prize
106:State of New York
57:Pope Benedict XVI
6737:
6682:
6681:
6670:
6669:
6668:
6647:Patriarch Kirill
6520:Pope John Paul I
6325:Anti-clericalism
6305:Pope Innocent XI
6225:Society of Jesus
6210:Council of Trent
6164:Age of Discovery
6109:Late Middle Ages
6011:High Middle Ages
6001:East–West Schism
5885:Pope Sylvester I
5831:
5830:
5820:
5819:
5730:General epistles
5725:Pauline epistles
5658:John the Baptist
5641:Great Commission
5603:
5602:
5554:Catholic culture
5444:
5437:
5430:
5421:
5420:
5234:
5227:
5220:
5211:
5210:
5177:Papua New Guinea
5027:
5026:
4682:
4681:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4103:
4102:
4066:
4064:
4062:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4010:
4008:
4006:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3821:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3802:. 6 January 2006
3792:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3761:
3728:
3722:
3709:
3708:
3696:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3665:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3631:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3595:
3580:
3574:
3565:
3559:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3499:
3493:
3484:
3478:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3447:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3416:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3381:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3351:Windsor, Ontario
3337:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3316:
3314:
3312:
3297:
3286:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3212:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3164:
3155:
3154:
3143:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3055:
3049:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2959:
2944:
2943:
2931:
2920:
2914:
2908:
2902:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2873:
2864:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2807:
2801:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2765:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2646:
2637:
2636:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2514:World Health Org
2511:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2489:
2481:
2475:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2398:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2356:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2327:
2316:
2310:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2194:. Archived from
2183:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2109:
2103:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2053:The Mercury News
2045:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1952:
1946:
1944:
1943:on 16 June 2010.
1942:
1936:. Archived from
1931:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1906:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1857:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1809:on 22 March 2009
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1772:. Archived from
1761:
1755:
1741:
1735:
1728:
1722:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1646:
1637:
1636:
1626:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1509:
1503:
1502:. 29 March 2009.
1493:
1484:
1483:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1439:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1380:. Archived from
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1347:. Archived from
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1207:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1155:
1141:
1132:
1131:
1121:
1097:
1088:
1087:
1069:
1045:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1020:
1011:
999:
990:
989:
977:
968:
962:
949:
948:
946:
944:
939:on 14 April 2009
935:. Archived from
928:
917:
916:
896:
890:
889:
884:. Archived from
878:
872:
871:, p. 164pp.
866:
849:
846:
840:
828:
754:religious orders
750:Thomas Gumbleton
741:Kansas City Star
619:Zygmunt Zimowski
431:Aloysius Gonzaga
95:Joseph Ratzinger
6745:
6744:
6740:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6735:
6734:
6695:
6694:
6693:
6688:
6676:
6666:
6664:
6656:
6578:World Youth Day
6556:
6545:World Youth Day
6489:Pacem in terris
6483:Pope John XXIII
6422:
6349:
6340:Edict of Nantes
6298:
6294:
6284:
6250:Teresa of Ávila
6245:Tridentine Mass
6181:
6177:
6168:
6149:Knights Templar
6103:
6005:
5961:Gregorian chant
5919:
5845:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5826:
5814:
5741:
5610:
5598:
5590:
5457:
5455:Catholic Church
5448:
5418:
5413:
5404:Flavored condom
5382:
5361:
5340:
5319:
5243:
5238:
5208:
5203:
5181:
5155:
5103:
5075:
5016:
4988:
4934:Myanmar (Burma)
4823:
4671:
4657:Day Without Art
4603:The Global Fund
4531:
4460:Economic impact
4416:
4348:
4252:
4204:pathophysiology
4140:
4130:
4073:
4060:
4058:
4056:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3919:
3917:
3915:
3895:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3876:
3874:
3856:
3852:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3822:
3815:
3805:
3803:
3794:
3793:
3784:
3774:
3772:
3763:
3762:
3731:
3723:
3712:
3697:
3688:
3678:
3676:
3666:
3655:
3645:
3643:
3632:
3619:
3609:
3607:
3606:on 26 July 2016
3596:
3583:
3575:
3568:
3560:
3551:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3521:
3517:
3509:
3502:
3494:
3487:
3479:
3472:
3462:
3460:
3448:
3435:
3425:
3423:
3418:
3417:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3383:
3382:
3373:
3363:
3356:
3354:
3339:
3338:
3327:
3317:
3310:
3308:
3299:
3298:
3289:
3281:
3277:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3247:
3243:
3233:
3226:
3224:
3213:
3206:
3198:
3194:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3165:
3158:
3145:
3144:
3131:
3123:
3119:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3089:
3085:
3077:
3058:
3050:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2995:. 13 March 2013
2987:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2960:
2947:
2932:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2903:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2874:
2867:
2859:
2855:
2845:
2843:
2833:
2829:
2819:
2817:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2796:
2792:
2784:
2780:
2772:
2768:
2760:
2756:
2746:
2744:
2734:
2730:
2705:
2701:
2681:Chicago Tribune
2676:
2672:
2647:
2640:
2621:
2617:
2607:
2605:
2598:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2576:
2572:
2562:
2560:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2534:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2509:
2503:
2499:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2472:Huffington Post
2465:
2461:
2453:
2449:
2441:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2418:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2397:. 9 April 2004.
2387:
2386:
2382:
2372:
2370:
2357:
2350:
2340:
2338:
2328:
2319:
2311:
2298:
2290:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2256:
2252:
2242:
2240:
2229:
2225:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2199:
2184:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2154:
2150:
2131:
2127:
2119:
2112:
2104:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2075:
2068:
2058:
2056:
2047:
2046:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2003:
1999:
1978:(4): CD005421.
1972:
1968:
1953:
1949:
1940:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1875:
1871:
1826:
1822:
1812:
1810:
1793:
1789:
1779:
1777:
1762:
1758:
1752:Wayback Machine
1742:
1738:
1729:
1725:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1673:
1669:
1659:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1640:
1603:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1561:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1528:
1524:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1494:
1487:
1482:. 10 June 2005.
1474:
1473:
1469:
1461:
1457:
1440:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1404:
1397:
1387:
1385:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1334:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1308:
1301:
1286:
1282:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1255:
1254:. 26 March 2007
1250:
1249:
1245:
1228:
1221:
1190:(3): CD003255.
1176:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1142:
1135:
1098:
1091:
1046:
1039:
1029:
1027:
1022:
1021:
1014:
1009:Wayback Machine
1000:
993:
978:
971:
963:
952:
942:
940:
929:
920:
913:
897:
893:
880:
879:
875:
867:
863:
858:
853:
852:
847:
843:
829:
825:
820:
803:
795:Stop the Church
786:
780:
733:
693:
634:
612:
610:2011 conference
585:
583:2000 conference
556:
550:
548:1989 conference
545:
532:
487:
481:
473:World Youth Day
455:Castro district
451:Mission Dolores
443:
416:
369:
353:
329:
298:
282:
216:
203:
174:mutual monogamy
170:Edward C. Green
159:
115:
89:. In 1987, the
70:
49:
43:
27:Catholic Church
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6743:
6733:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6690:
6689:
6687:
6686:
6674:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6626:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6585:
6575:
6570:
6564:
6562:
6558:
6557:
6555:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6485:
6480:
6473:
6468:
6466:Lateran Treaty
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6432:
6430:
6424:
6423:
6421:
6420:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6357:
6355:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6301:
6299:
6291:Baroque period
6289:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6260:Peter Canisius
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6235:Francis Xavier
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6199:Exsurge Domine
6195:
6190:
6184:
6182:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6139:Pope Clement V
6136:
6135:
6134:
6132:Avignon Papacy
6127:Western Schism
6124:
6119:
6117:Thomas Aquinas
6113:
6111:
6105:
6104:
6102:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6015:
6013:
6007:
6006:
6004:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5971:Saint Boniface
5968:
5963:
5958:
5956:Pope Gregory I
5953:
5948:
5943:
5937:
5935:
5929:
5928:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5895:Biblical canon
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5861:
5860:
5849:
5847:
5828:
5824:Late antiquity
5816:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5791:
5790:
5785:
5784:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5771:Pope Clement I
5761:Church Fathers
5758:
5752:
5750:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5739:
5738:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5645:
5644:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5617:
5615:
5600:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5561:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5524:
5522:Biblical canon
5517:Catholic Bible
5514:
5513:
5512:
5502:
5501:
5500:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5467:
5465:
5459:
5458:
5447:
5446:
5439:
5432:
5424:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5394:Condom machine
5390:
5388:
5387:Related topics
5384:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5375:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5354:
5352:Condom fatigue
5348:
5346:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5333:
5327:
5325:
5321:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5244:
5237:
5236:
5229:
5222:
5214:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5196:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5154:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5117:
5115:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5085:
5083:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5030:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5009:
5004:
5002:United Kingdom
4998:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4833:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4690:
4688:
4679:
4673:
4672:
4670:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4648:
4647:
4642:
4635:
4630:
4620:
4615:
4613:YAA/Youthforce
4610:
4608:World AIDS Day
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4539:
4537:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4468:
4467:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4430:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4392:Berlin Patient
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4309:Superinfection
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4289:Cardiomyopathy
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4241:Teens / Adults
4238:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4141:
4129:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4091:HIV & AIDS
4084:
4072:
4071:External links
4069:
4068:
4067:
4054:
4039:
4026:
4011:
3998:
3983:
3970:
3954:
3941:
3926:
3913:
3894:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3850:
3836:
3813:
3782:
3729:
3727:, p. 169.
3710:
3686:
3653:
3617:
3581:
3579:, p. 131.
3566:
3564:, p. 130.
3549:
3535:
3515:
3513:, p. 130.
3500:
3498:, p. 131.
3485:
3483:, p. 124.
3470:
3433:
3404:
3371:
3325:
3287:
3285:, p. 123.
3275:
3241:
3204:
3202:, p. 135.
3192:
3179:
3156:
3129:
3127:, p. 147.
3117:
3103:
3083:
3081:, p. 164.
3056:
3054:, p. 168.
3033:
3006:
2980:
2945:
2921:
2909:
2907:, p. 120.
2894:
2865:
2853:
2827:
2802:
2800:, p. 149.
2790:
2788:, p. 152.
2778:
2766:
2764:, p. 151.
2754:
2728:
2699:
2688:. p. 2C.
2670:
2638:
2615:
2592:
2570:
2544:
2519:
2497:
2476:
2459:
2457:, p. 139.
2447:
2435:
2412:
2400:
2380:
2348:
2317:
2315:, p. 139.
2296:
2294:, p. 118.
2284:
2270:
2250:
2223:
2209:
2198:on 3 June 2013
2175:
2148:
2125:
2123:, p. 134.
2110:
2095:
2066:
2037:
1997:
1966:
1947:
1918:
1889:(5): 446–452.
1869:
1820:
1787:
1756:
1736:
1723:
1709:
1700:
1698:, p. 166.
1688:
1679:
1667:
1638:
1617:(7): 701–709.
1597:
1571:
1541:
1522:
1504:
1485:
1467:
1455:
1429:
1417:
1395:
1362:
1328:
1299:
1280:
1265:
1243:
1219:
1167:
1133:
1089:
1060:(3): 168–174.
1037:
1012:
991:
969:
967:, p. 293.
950:
918:
911:
891:
873:
860:
859:
857:
854:
851:
850:
841:
822:
821:
819:
816:
815:
814:
809:
807:Islam and AIDS
802:
799:
782:Main article:
779:
776:
732:
729:
692:
689:
672:Kevin T. Kelly
652:Cláudio Hummes
633:
632:Social justice
630:
611:
608:
593:World AIDS Day
584:
581:
552:Main article:
549:
546:
544:
541:
531:
528:
520:Proposition 64
480:
477:
442:
439:
415:
412:
368:
365:
352:
349:
328:
325:
297:
294:
281:
278:
274:Janet E. Smith
215:
212:
202:
199:
158:
155:
140:, in northern
114:
111:
69:
66:
45:Main article:
42:
39:
19:Main article:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6742:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6702:
6700:
6685:
6680:
6675:
6673:
6663:
6662:
6659:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6565:
6563:
6559:
6551:
6548:
6547:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6525:Mother Teresa
6523:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6490:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6478:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6464:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6451:Pope Pius XII
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6431:
6429:
6425:
6419:
6418:
6417:Rerum novarum
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6401:Pope Leo XIII
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6371:United States
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6361:Pope Pius VII
6359:
6358:
6356:
6352:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6200:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6176:
6171:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6155:
6152:
6150:
6147:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6112:
6110:
6106:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6044:Scholasticism
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6019:Pope Urban II
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
6008:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5938:
5936:
5934:
5930:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5859:
5856:
5855:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5844:
5836:
5832:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5795:Justin Martyr
5793:
5789:
5786:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5768:
5767:
5764:
5763:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5744:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5706:
5705:New Testament
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5668:Commissioning
5666:
5665:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5623:
5622:
5619:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5612:Apostolic Age
5608:
5604:
5601:
5597:
5593:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5519:
5518:
5515:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5503:
5499:
5498:Papal primacy
5496:
5495:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5472:
5469:
5468:
5466:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5445:
5440:
5438:
5433:
5431:
5426:
5425:
5422:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5399:Female condom
5397:
5395:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5385:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5364:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5345:Social issues
5343:
5337:
5336:Birth control
5334:
5332:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5322:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5235:
5230:
5228:
5223:
5221:
5216:
5215:
5212:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5188:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5158:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5114:
5113:South America
5110:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5078:
5070:
5069:New York City
5067:
5066:
5065:
5064:United States
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5022:North America
5019:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4826:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
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4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
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4691:
4689:
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4683:
4680:
4678:
4674:
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4523:
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4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4497:Sex education
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4466:
4463:
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4458:
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4408:
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4400:
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4380:
4378:
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4371:
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4351:
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4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4279:Lipodystrophy
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4242:
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4234:
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4134:
4127:
4122:
4120:
4115:
4113:
4108:
4107:
4104:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4074:
4057:
4051:
4048:. Routledge.
4047:
4046:
4040:
4029:
4023:
4019:
4018:
4012:
4001:
3995:
3991:
3990:
3984:
3973:
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3601:
3594:
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3392:
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3367:
3352:
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3342:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3321:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3292:
3284:
3279:
3271:
3256:
3252:
3245:
3237:
3222:
3218:
3211:
3209:
3201:
3196:
3182:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3163:
3161:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3126:
3121:
3106:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3087:
3080:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3053:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3021:
3017:
3010:
2994:
2990:
2984:
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2958:
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2950:
2941:
2937:
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2799:
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2523:
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2416:
2410:
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2384:
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2362:
2355:
2353:
2337:
2333:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2314:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2293:
2288:
2273:
2271:9781935049043
2267:
2263:
2262:
2254:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2219:
2213:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2182:
2180:
2163:
2159:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2117:
2115:
2107:
2102:
2100:
2084:
2080:
2073:
2071:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2042:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2001:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1970:
1962:
1958:
1951:
1939:
1935:
1928:
1922:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1824:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1791:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1734:21 April 2006
1733:
1727:
1721:, 1 May 2006.
1720:
1719:
1713:
1704:
1697:
1692:
1683:
1676:
1671:
1655:
1651:
1645:
1643:
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1585:
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1533:
1526:
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1514:
1508:
1501:
1497:
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1471:
1465:
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1451:
1450:
1445:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1426:
1421:
1413:
1409:
1402:
1400:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1366:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
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1306:
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1234:
1226:
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1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
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1146:
1140:
1138:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1094:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1044:
1042:
1025:
1019:
1017:
1010:
1006:
1003:
998:
996:
987:
983:
976:
974:
966:
961:
959:
957:
955:
938:
934:
927:
925:
923:
914:
912:9781626160491
908:
904:
903:
895:
887:
883:
877:
870:
865:
861:
845:
839:
838:
833:
827:
823:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
798:
796:
792:
785:
775:
773:
768:
766:
762:
757:
755:
751:
745:
742:
737:
728:
725:
721:
716:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
688:
685:
679:
677:
673:
669:
664:
659:
657:
653:
649:
646:
645:Dar es Salaam
641:
639:
629:
626:
624:
620:
616:
607:
605:
600:
598:
594:
590:
580:
577:
572:
568:
566:
562:
555:
540:
538:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
507:
502:
500:
495:
492:
486:
476:
474:
470:
467:while he was
466:
465:Holy Thursday
462:
458:
456:
452:
448:
438:
436:
432:
427:
424:
423:pastoral care
419:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
364:
362:
358:
348:
346:
342:
341:Mother Teresa
338:
334:
327:United States
324:
320:
317:
310:
306:
302:
293:
289:
287:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:Kevin Dowling
237:
235:
231:
227:
225:
219:
211:
208:
198:
196:
191:
186:
181:
177:
175:
171:
167:
162:
154:
151:
147:
143:
139:
134:
132:
128:
124:
120:
110:
107:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
82:Humanae Vitae
79:
75:
65:
62:
58:
53:
48:
38:
36:
32:
28:
22:
6639:
6635:Pope Francis
6561:21st century
6539:
6510:Pope Paul VI
6487:
6475:
6428:20th century
6415:
6366:Pope Pius IX
6354:19th century
6330:Pope Pius VI
6197:
6069:Latin Empire
6039:Universities
5991:Pope Leo III
5858:Christianity
5843:state church
5835:Great Church
5636:Resurrection
5599:(30–325/476)
5596:Early Church
5581:Latin Church
5576:Papal States
5571:Vatican City
5378:Julius Fromm
4964:Taiwan (ROC)
4954:Saudi Arabia
4804:South Africa
4637:
4623:Larry Kramer
4437:
4365:Epidemiology
4076:Vatican.va:
4059:. Retrieved
4044:
4031:. Retrieved
4016:
4003:. Retrieved
3988:
3975:. Retrieved
3960:
3946:. Retrieved
3931:
3918:. Retrieved
3907:. ABC-CLIO.
3904:
3888:
3875:. Retrieved
3863:
3853:
3841:. Retrieved
3826:
3804:. Retrieved
3799:
3773:. Retrieved
3768:
3704:
3677:. Retrieved
3673:
3644:. Retrieved
3639:
3608:. Retrieved
3604:the original
3540:. Retrieved
3525:
3518:
3461:. Retrieved
3457:PBS NewsHour
3455:
3424:. Retrieved
3395:. Retrieved
3388:
3355:. Retrieved
3346:Windsor Star
3344:
3309:. Retrieved
3304:
3278:
3259:. Retrieved
3254:
3244:
3225:. Retrieved
3220:
3195:
3184:, retrieved
3169:
3150:
3120:
3108:. Retrieved
3093:
3086:
3024:. Retrieved
3019:
3009:
2997:. Retrieved
2992:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2967:
2939:
2912:
2885:. Retrieved
2881:
2856:
2844:. Retrieved
2840:
2830:
2818:. Retrieved
2805:
2793:
2781:
2769:
2757:
2745:. Retrieved
2741:
2731:
2708:
2702:
2679:
2673:
2650:
2618:
2606:. Retrieved
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2573:
2561:. Retrieved
2556:
2547:
2535:. Retrieved
2531:
2522:
2513:
2500:
2491:
2479:
2471:
2462:
2450:
2438:
2426:. Retrieved
2424:(in Spanish)
2415:
2403:
2392:
2383:
2371:. Retrieved
2364:
2339:. Retrieved
2335:
2287:
2275:. Retrieved
2260:
2253:
2241:. Retrieved
2236:
2226:
2212:
2200:. Retrieved
2196:the original
2191:
2166:. Retrieved
2161:
2151:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2086:. Retrieved
2083:PBS NewsHour
2082:
2057:. Retrieved
2052:
2028:. Retrieved
2016:
2012:FDA Consumer
2010:
2000:
1975:
1969:
1961:the original
1950:
1938:the original
1933:
1927:"Fact Sheet"
1921:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1840:(1): 29–44.
1837:
1833:
1823:
1811:. Retrieved
1807:the original
1800:
1790:
1778:. Retrieved
1774:the original
1769:
1759:
1743:L'Espresso.
1739:
1726:
1716:
1712:
1703:
1691:
1682:
1670:
1658:. Retrieved
1654:The Guardian
1653:
1614:
1610:
1600:
1588:. Retrieved
1583:
1574:
1562:. Retrieved
1558:the original
1553:
1544:
1536:The Guardian
1535:
1525:
1516:
1507:
1479:
1470:
1458:
1447:
1420:
1411:
1386:. Retrieved
1382:the original
1375:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1349:the original
1344:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1293:
1289:
1283:
1274:
1268:
1256:. Retrieved
1246:
1238:the original
1232:
1187:
1183:
1160:22 September
1158:. Retrieved
1149:
1109:
1105:
1057:
1053:
1028:. Retrieved
986:The Guardian
985:
941:. Retrieved
937:the original
901:
894:
886:the original
876:
864:
844:
835:
826:
787:
769:
765:James Hickey
758:
746:
738:
734:
717:
713:
701:Pope Francis
694:
684:left-leaning
680:
675:
660:
650:
642:
635:
627:
617:
613:
601:
586:
576:John Paul II
573:
569:
561:Robert Gallo
557:
533:
510:
503:
496:
488:
461:Pope Francis
459:
447:John Paul II
444:
435:patron saint
428:
420:
417:
393:
370:
354:
330:
321:
313:
290:
283:
256:
252:papal nuncio
238:
228:
220:
217:
207:Pope Francis
204:
192:
188:
183:
178:
163:
160:
135:
119:John Paul II
116:
103:
71:
54:
50:
24:
6641:Laudato si'
6436:Pope Pius X
6265:Philip Neri
6240:Pope Pius V
6215:Thomas More
6084:Inquisition
5986:Charlemagne
5946:Monasticism
5756:Persecution
5648:Holy Spirit
5631:Crucifixion
5510:First seven
5248:Brand names
5172:New Zealand
5044:El Salvador
4949:Philippines
4919:North Korea
4872:China (PRC)
4837:Afghanistan
4527:Product Red
4428:AIDS orphan
4284:Nephropathy
4219:vaccination
3893:Works cited
2455:Kaiser 2014
2443:Kaiser 2014
1754:20 May 2006
1030:19 November
943:21 February
668:Paul Farmer
565:Nobel Prize
76:to prevent
6699:Categories
6514:coronation
6220:Pope Leo X
5805:Tertullian
5735:Revelation
5710:Background
5280:LifeStyles
4884:East Timor
4857:Bangladesh
4847:Azerbaijan
4769:Mozambique
4754:Madagascar
4487:Red ribbon
4329:Serostatus
4257:Conditions
4209:prevention
4199:management
4157:Lentivirus
3725:Smith 1998
3577:Petro 2015
3562:Petro 2015
3200:Petro 2015
3079:Smith 1998
3052:Smith 1998
2710:The Record
2428:19 January
2243:10 January
2202:7 February
2168:15 January
2139:Conscience
1696:Smith 1998
1675:Smith 1998
1388:1 November
1355:22 October
1321:1 November
869:Smith 1998
856:References
604:vade mecum
516:California
483:See also:
404:World Bank
385:Madagascar
270:conception
61:first step
6530:Communism
6500:Ecumenism
5846:(380–451)
5838:(180–451)
5827:(313–476)
5749:(100–325)
5270:KamaSutra
5167:Australia
5121:Argentina
5081:Caribbean
5059:Nicaragua
5049:Guatemala
4959:Sri Lanka
4894:Indonesia
4677:Locations
4618:"Free Me"
4344:Pregnancy
4339:Nutrition
4194:diagnosis
3872:0362-4331
2723:424768566
2694:418402469
2665:347388353
2633:456545351
1564:14 August
1538:. London.
1449:The Times
661:Ethicist
351:Australia
339:, led by
6540:HIV/AIDS
6034:Crusades
5788:Irenaeus
5781:Ignatius
5776:Polycarp
5626:Ministry
5614:(30–100)
5488:Timeline
5331:Safe sex
5136:Colombia
5054:Honduras
4969:Thailand
4944:Pakistan
4929:Malaysia
4867:Cambodia
4819:Zimbabwe
4799:Tanzania
4724:Ethiopia
4719:Eswatini
4704:Botswana
4593:Solidays
4492:Safe sex
4433:Religion
4377:Timeline
4299:Pruritus
4236:Children
4214:research
4189:HIV/AIDS
4167:subtypes
3800:ABC News
3020:ABC News
2993:CBS News
2719:ProQuest
2690:ProQuest
2661:ProQuest
2629:ProQuest
1992:17943855
1913:17885460
1864:30082930
1813:23 April
1780:23 April
1748:Archived
1633:21507723
1584:NBC News
1480:BBC News
1277:: 35–48.
1214:11687062
1128:16790697
1084:42792667
1076:11875378
1024:"Condom"
1005:Archived
801:See also
406:and the
316:HIV/AIDS
309:New York
142:Tanzania
31:HIV/AIDS
6725:Condoms
6505:Judaism
5905:Vulgate
5715:Gospels
5690:Stephen
5607:Origins
5527:Vulgate
5463:General
5453:of the
5451:History
5366:History
5305:Safedom
5265:Hot Rod
5255:Condomi
5160:Oceania
5151:Uruguay
5126:Bolivia
5094:Jamaica
5012:Ukraine
4984:Vietnam
4852:Bahrain
4842:Armenia
4794:Senegal
4784:Nigeria
4774:Namibia
4749:Lesotho
4536:Culture
4517:HIV.gov
4360:History
4353:History
3948:16 June
3877:18 July
3397:27 June
3390:America
3357:28 June
3311:28 June
3221:The Age
3186:27 July
2820:13 July
2747:14 June
2652:The Sun
2277:6 April
2237:America
2162:America
2025:9532952
1904:5913747
1855:6026956
1590:21 June
1258:19 July
1205:8407100
654:, then-
433:is the
389:Nairobi
377:Jesuits
214:Dissent
127:orphans
74:condoms
35:condoms
6471:Nazism
6293:to the
5900:Jerome
5810:Origen
5493:Papacy
5315:Trojan
5290:Nirodh
5241:Condom
5141:Guyana
5131:Brazil
5039:Mexico
5034:Canada
5007:Russia
4994:Europe
4979:Turkey
4914:Jordan
4877:Yunnan
4862:Bhutan
4814:Zambia
4809:Uganda
4789:Rwanda
4759:Malawi
4734:Guinea
4694:Angola
4686:Africa
4633:ACT UP
4421:Social
4139:topics
4061:21 May
4052:
4033:11 May
4024:
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3227:11 May
3177:
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3101:
3026:11 May
2999:11 May
2721:
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2608:9 June
2585:17 May
2563:9 June
2553:"Bush"
2537:21 May
2373:21 May
2341:25 May
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2030:7 June
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709:UNAIDS
530:Others
429:Saint
381:Africa
367:Africa
232:, the
138:Mwanza
6573:Islam
5841:Roman
5800:Canon
5673:Peter
5621:Jesus
5310:Skore
5285:Moods
5275:Karex
5260:Durex
5089:Haiti
4939:Nepal
4909:Japan
4889:India
4779:Niger
4744:Kenya
4729:Ghana
4714:Egypt
4699:Benin
3920:8 May
3646:9 May
3610:9 May
3542:8 May
3463:5 May
3426:9 May
2973:8 May
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2488:(PDF)
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1730:BBC.
1660:9 May
1554:Zenit
1154:(PDF)
1080:S2CID
818:Notes
441:Popes
379:from
201:2010s
157:2000s
117:Pope
113:1990s
68:1980s
6623:2023
6618:2019
6613:2016
6608:2013
6603:2011
6598:2008
6593:2005
6588:2002
6583:2000
6550:1995
5720:Acts
5683:Paul
5678:John
5653:Mary
5324:Uses
5300:RFSU
5146:Peru
4924:Laos
4904:Iraq
4899:Iran
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4764:Mali
4667:Ayds
4224:PrEP
4137:AIDS
4063:2020
4050:ISBN
4035:2020
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3612:2020
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3531:ISBN
3465:2020
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3229:2020
3188:2018
3175:ISBN
3112:2020
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3001:2020
2975:2020
2889:2020
2848:2019
2822:2020
2749:2020
2610:2019
2587:2019
2565:2019
2539:2019
2430:2020
2375:2020
2366:Crux
2343:2020
2279:2020
2266:ISBN
2245:2019
2204:2013
2170:2020
2090:2020
2061:2020
2032:2007
2021:PMID
1988:PMID
1909:PMID
1860:PMID
1815:2007
1782:2007
1770:Time
1718:Time
1662:2020
1629:PMID
1592:2020
1566:2012
1390:2014
1357:2014
1345:Crux
1323:2014
1260:2016
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1188:2012
1162:2010
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1072:PMID
1032:2007
945:2010
907:ISBN
718:The
587:The
394:The
383:and
371:The
123:AIDS
78:AIDS
25:The
5609:and
5559:Art
5295:NYC
4152:HIV
4145:HIV
4133:HIV
1980:doi
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1891:doi
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