1164:
Tribunal's chief justice (Przyłębska having been sworn in by Duda in
December 2016 without the required resolution being issued by the general assembly of Tribunal judges, and being believed by a number of legal experts to have sat completely illegitimately since December 2022), prospective legislation to alter selection procedures (requiring candidates to take part in an open public hearing and to receive the approval of three fifths of MPs) and eligibility (anyone who has been an active politician within the last four years, including even being a member of a political party, would not be eligible to sit on the Tribunal; any politician who did get selected would not be able to rule on cases relating to legislation that they had been involved with within the last ten years), and prospective constitutional changes to allow for the implementation of the measures.
979:
1069:
449:
214:
36:
2619:, challenging the Tribunal's legal status. In Xero Flor v Poland, the ECHR ruled on 7 May 2021 that a Polish company did not have the right to a fair trial because Muszyński's election was unlawful. The Constitutional Tribunal is expected to judge on 3 August 2021 whether it will comply to the ruling or not; this is interpreted as a decision on whether the European or Polish courts are sovereign. In a 14 July 2021 ruling, the Tribunal rejected the constitutionality of any attempt by the ECHR to suspend the Polish tribunals, as such competence has never been transferred by any treaty.
366:
5988:
158:
422:
319:
327:
314:
222:
785:
243:
1077:
5969:
955:
property and the procedures and costs related to it as unconstitutional. In opposition to the government's stance, the court ruled in a 3-member panel on 28 May 1986 that the introduced paragraphs were unconstitutional. The
Council of Ministers called for a reevaluation of the case, but on 5 November 1986 the Constitutional Tribunal upheld its ruling.
4178:
lasts 6 years. Therefore Przyłębska's term should have ended on 21 December 2022. Przyłębska and her PiS backers, however, believed her term as
President was not actually due to expire until December 2024, since this is when her term as a judge in general expires; as of 6 March 2024, she continued to sit as President of the Tribunal.
1040:
PO attempted to nominate all five seats due to be vacant in the year 2015 in advance. In June 2015, they enacted a provision in which it sought to transfer such power to the Sejm. Then on 8 October 2015, two weeks before the election, the Sejm elected these 5 judges. The new
President Duda refused to
911:
The
Constitutional Tribunal adjudicates on the compliance with the Constitution of legislation and international agreements (also their ratification), on disputes over the powers of central constitutional bodies, and on compliance with the Constitution of the aims and activities of political parties.
1137:
We, the undersigned retired judges of the
Constitutional Tribunal, regret to state that the actions of the legislature and the executive since 2015, and the Constitutional Tribunal leadership since 2017, have led to a dramatic decline in the significance and the prestige of this constitutional body,
963:
In 1989 the
Constitutional Tribunal's powers expanded as it secured the right to universally decide on the binding interpretation of laws. Many changes came with the enactment of the 1997 Constitution; the number of judges increased from 12 to 15, terms of office were elongated by 1 year for a total
950:
on 29 April 1985 which allowed for the formal commencement of the
Tribunal's judicial proceedings on 1 January 1986. But the courts competence and judicial capacity were limited at this time, as all rulings on the constitutionality of bills could be dismissed by a 2/3 majority vote in the Sejm. This
4216:
The 8th Sejm elected prof. Henryk Cioch, Lech
Morawski and dr. hab. Mariusz Muszyński, even though prof. Roman Hauser, Krzysztof Ślebzak and Andrzej Jakubecki had been elected by the 7th Sejm in advance. The 3 seats' terms were to end after the 2015 election, but during the recess, leaving room for
4177:
According to the effective law (the
Article 10 §2 of the Act of 30 November 2016 on organisation and mode of proceedings before the Constitutional Tribunal which came in force on 3 January 2017 after Przyłębska's appointment as the President) the term of the President of the Constitutional Tribunal
1163:
and formally sworn in on 13 December 2023, a package of measures was announced with the aim of reforming the Tribunal. The measures included a prospective Sejm resolution calling on illegitimately appointed judges to resign voluntarily and branding Julia Przyłębska as not being authorised to be the
2591:
In 2015, the term of five judges was set to expire, three of which between Sejm election day and the new legislature's session, and two the month after. PO tried to appoint them in advance (they were: Roman Hauser, Krzysztof Ślebzak, Andrzej Jakubecki, Bronisław Sitek and Andrzej Sokala) but their
954:
On 24 January 1986 the first motion, reference U 1/86, was brought before the Constitutional Tribunal on behalf of the Presidium of the Provincial National Council in Wrocław. The claimants sought to contend two paragraphs of the Ordinance of the Council of Ministers in regard to the sale of state
2603:
Of the appointments made before the election, the Constitutional Tribunal itself invalidated the last two and accepted the first three. As a consequence, of the appointments made after the election, the Tribunal accepted the last two (Piotr Pszczółkowski and Julia Przyłębska) and invalidated the
1056:
and foreign statements of either hostility or support. As this was not enough, a total of 6 "remedial bills" devised by PiS were enacted in the 2015-2016 period. A two-thirds majority was instated, diluting partisan influence. Finally, the term of resisting President Rzepliński ended and on 21
5109:
2645:
945:
on 26 March 1982. Due to the brevity of the introduced article 33a, it was decided that a law must be brought forth that would outline the proceedings of the Constitutional Tribunal. This became an intricate process with 15 drafts developed, and the final act was ratified by the
1183:
The Tribunal received a referral by 119 MPs on whether or not abortions of pregnancies unrelated to rape or not threatening the mother's life, which they call "eugenic", are constitutional. The signatories argued that the provision violates Constitutional protections of
1048:
This ignited a fierce partisan struggle, as the remaining judges in the Tribunal, most of which had been nominated by PO majorities, ruled out 3 of the 5 PiS nominees, validating instead 3 PO nominees, with the 3 PiS judges sworn in not allowed to hear cases.
2600:, Lech Morawski, Mariusz Muszyński) and two others the next week (Piotr Pszczółkowski, Julia Przyłębska), who were immediately sworn in. Cioch and Morawski later died while in office, and were replaced by Justyn Piskorski and Jarosław Wyrembak.
4545:
1036:
In 2015, 5 of the 15 seats were due to be replaced. Three terms were due to end during the Sejm's recess (after the 25 October election but before the eighth Sejm was seated on 12 November). Two others were due for early December.
1439:(that establishes the ECJ), insofar as it gives ordinary courts the right to disregard the Constitution, and to adjudicate on the basis of provisions repealed by the Sejm or deemed unconstitutional by the TK, is unconstitutional;
4672:
W związku z rezygnacją poprzednika w trakcje kadencji, Uchwałą Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 19 listopada 1993 r. w sprawie wyboru Prezesa Trybunału Konstytucyjnego (M.P. Nr 62, poz. 558) powołany na stanowisko Prezesa
4662:
W związku ze złożoną rezygnacją, Uchwałą Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 26 maja 1993 r. w sprawie odwołania Prezesa Trybunału Konstytucyjnego (M.P. Nr 28, poz. 290) odwołany ze stanowiska z chwilą wyboru nowego Prezesa
4217:
conflicting interpretation of the constitution. Since the Henryk Cioch and Lech Morawski died during their terms, dr hab. Jarosław Wyrembak and Justyn Piskorski who were elected on their place are also considered disputed.
2604:
first three (Henryk Cioch, Lech Morawski and Mariusz Muszyński). However, the ruling was disputed by the new government, who then went on to change the statutes regulating the Court, in order to have its nominees sit. See
1092:" by Polish opposition judges' associations, some foreign judicial organisations and constitutionalist counterparts. In February 2020, former Constitutional Tribunal judges, including former presidents of the tribunal
4393:
4427:
4813:
1080:
Presidents and Vice-Presidents of the Constitutional Tribunal from 2006 to 2016. Marek Mazurkiewicz, Andrzej Mączyński, Janusz Niemcewicz, Jerzy Stępień, Bohdan Zdziennicki i Andrzej Rzepliński (2010)
5110:"Obowiązek państwa członkowskiego UE polegający na wykonywaniu środków tymczasowych odnoszących się do kształtu ustroju i funkcjonowania konstytucyjnych organów władzy sądowniczej tego państwa"
4363:
1450:
Consequently, all branches of power in Poland argue that Poland's membership in the European Union does not entail that institutions external to the state have the supreme legal authority.
4852:
4537:
858:, a judicial body established to resolve disputes on the constitutionality of the activities of state institutions; its main task is to supervise the compliance of statutory law with the
1138:
as well as to the inability to perform its constitutional tasks and duties. Unfortunately, the widespread belief that the Constitutional Tribunal has virtually been abolished is correct.
5000:
4961:
4585:
6015:
5880:
3804:
4386:
4419:
4489:
5065:
4896:
1283:
1467:". European primacy, however, had never been fully enshrined by previous Polish rulings, only insofar as it doesn't infringe on Poland's sovereignty (see K 18/04).
1901:
4817:
5907:
1033:
was seated on 12 November 2015, the PO majority attempted to nominate enough judges so that the judicial branch would not quickly fall under the control of PiS.
2636:
6104:
402:
6041:
4085:
3903:
3695:
2027:
1984:
1572:
6008:
1307:
1873:
1845:
6061:
6056:
1956:
1706:
1678:
1119:
1108:
5039:
4355:
3962:
3738:
6036:
3932:
1928:
1540:
6296:
5973:
4814:"Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej / Aktualności / Wydarzenia / Prezydent odebrał ślubowanie od sędziego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego"
4512:
1178:
6338:
6025:
6001:
3995:
1203:
on that basis unobtainable for women in Poland. The provision had been used for 1074 of the 1110 legal abortions in 2019. The ruling triggered the
5944:
1446:(values) are unconstitutional insofar as they empower ordinary courts to question the constitutionality of judicial appointments by the President.
6137:
5854:
4856:
4059:
942:
381:
6051:
5817:
4458:
3869:
3760:
1651:
1321:
1097:
511:
4153:
3782:
1471:
306:
5004:
4965:
1486:
to freeze payments to Poland. The Commission President said she was deeply concerned, and ordered to act swiftly. The recently-implemented
928:) for single nine-year terms. The Constitutional Tribunal constitutes one of the formal guarantees of a state grounded on the rule of law.
825:
6243:
4616:
4567:
6097:
4853:"Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej / Aktualności / Nominacje / Prezydent przyjął ślubowanie od nowego sędziego TK"
964:
of 9 years, and the Tribunal lost its competence to decide the interpretation of legal statutes (in the form of abstract provisions).
6284:
4481:
1242:
1045:. After PiS won the elections and a majority of seats, they nominated a different set of five judges who were immediately sworn in.
6176:
5001:"Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej / Aktualności / Nominacje / Ślubowanie sędziego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego"
4962:"Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej / Aktualności / Nominacje / Ślubowanie sędziego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego"
2605:
2574:
1479:
973:
893:
6333:
6238:
6160:
859:
541:
798:
6090:
4319:
4283:
1487:
735:
727:
723:
4900:
3717:
3535:
1396:. Following a series of hearings of prominent officeholders, the Tribunal ruled on 7 October 2021 in a 12–2 decision that:
1030:
978:
762:
707:
626:
605:
597:
4420:"Captured Constitutional Tribunal rules on the Supreme Court: Implementation of CJEU judgment inconsistent with EU law"
3879:
3678:
2404:
2149:
2037:
1994:
1775:
1744:
1259:
1160:
1149:
1007:
687:
639:
571:
1153:
1003:
566:
387:
6181:
3313:
818:
866:
651:
6323:
5043:
2612:
1052:
As a result, a law was immediately passed by the PiS majority to force the inclusion of its nominees, sparking
3826:
1199:
due to foetal abnormality was violating the Constitutional protection of human dignity. This effectively made
6253:
5375:
5326:
1454:
1235:
1068:
5598:
5396:
5305:
4230:
of 1997 mandates that judges shall be independent and shall not belong to any political party (Article 195).
4198:
of 1997 mandates that judges shall be independent and shall not belong to any political party (Article 195).
6328:
6248:
6113:
5284:
4143:
2505:
1204:
5354:
5263:
5237:
4450:
6318:
2649:
2531:
2173:
1615:
1583:
1551:
811:
700:
2224:
357:
5993:
5839:
Ustawa z dnia 30 listopada 2016 r. o organizacji i trybie postępowania przed Trybunałem Konstytucyjnym
4451:"From Constitutional to Political Justice: The Tragic Trajectories of the Polish Constitutional Court"
2425:
6272:
5838:
5804:
5761:
5744:
5727:
5710:
5693:
5676:
5659:
5642:
5616:
5577:
5551:
5534:
5508:
5482:
5456:
5430:
5413:
5387:
5366:
5345:
5317:
5296:
5275:
5254:
5228:
5206:
5189:
5172:
5144:
5026:
4987:
4948:
4935:
4922:
4878:
4839:
4799:
4782:
4765:
4748:
4731:
4709:
4696:
4683:
4252:
2616:
2596:. As a result, they never sat. The new PiS majority nominated three other judges on 2 December 2015 (
1405:
1053:
983:
579:
5042:(in Polish). Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. 16 February 2022. Archived from
2479:
6209:
2585:
2251:
1475:
1443:
1436:
1401:
1393:
1382:
1228:
1085:
1011:
468:
456:
448:
290:
90:
5933:
6132:
4148:
2581:
1415:
enlarges the EU institutions' competence beyond the limits that Poland accepted via its treaties,
900:
546:
503:
415:
2307:
1419:
885:
440:
277:
264:
111:
951:
in effect would place the rulings in an indefinite moratorium as these votes rarely occurred.
514:
213:
6071:
2280:
2197:
1763:
1389:
1124:
1113:
1062:
881:
874:
584:
533:
173:
6066:
5766:
5749:
5732:
5715:
5698:
4787:
4340:
Kryszkiewicz, Małgorzata; Osiecki, Grzegorz (2016). "Twarda linia Prawa i Sprawiedliwości".
3668:
2394:
1734:
1093:
1088:, the independence and sovereignty of the institution has been questioned. It was called a "
35:
5681:
4770:
2139:
925:
851:
646:
482:
365:
298:
5855:"Trybunał Konstytucyjny. Julia Przyłębska odwołała rozprawę. Było za mało sędziów - TVN24"
5792:
4753:
4736:
877:. The Tribunal was established on 26 March 1982 and judges took office on 1 January 1986.
715:
8:
5908:"Polish constitutional court judges rebel against chief justice, demanding she step down"
4617:"Polexit? Fury in Brussels after Warsaw court rules Polish Constitution overrides EU law"
4538:"Planowanie rodziny, ochrona płodu ludzkiego i warunki dopuszczalności przerywania ciąży"
4227:
4195:
1483:
1022:
768:
656:
559:
495:
428:
342:
100:
5987:
4645:
157:
6278:
6233:
1385:
1200:
1196:
256:
233:
345:
4315:
4279:
3570:
1295:
758:
753:
477:
6144:
5664:
5647:
5621:
5582:
5513:
5487:
5461:
5435:
5418:
5392:
5322:
5301:
5211:
5177:
4586:"Ocena zgodności z Konstytucją RP wybranych przepisów Traktatu o Unii Europejskiej"
2452:
2367:
373:
5556:
5371:
5280:
5194:
5149:
5084:
2087: Nominated by Democratic Left Alliance, Solidarity, or its coalition partners
421:
5939:
5539:
5350:
5259:
5233:
4482:"'Constitutional Tribunal has virtually been abolished,' announce retired judges"
4480:
Biernat, Stanisław; Dębowska–Romanowska, Teresa; et al. (10 February 2020).
4099:
4073:
4047:
2992:
2911:
2695:
2337:
1102:
843:
613:
4513:"Polish government unveils planned overhaul of "defective" constitutional court"
6082:
1209:
1042:
995:
991:
870:
618:
394:
880:
The tribunal's powers increased in 1989 with the transition to the capitalist
6312:
6290:
3141:
1459:
1189:
1185:
789:
318:
272:
326:
6046:
4030:
3042:
2726:
2597:
2593:
2135:
1604:
1404:(establishing an "ever closer union"), insofar as it is interpreted by the
1271:
1130:
1072:
The Grand Courtroom, in which the Court adjudicates in its full composition
1058:
1026:
436:
313:
221:
5780:
Złożył ślubowanie 3 grudnia 2015, dopuszczony – orzekania 20 grudnia 2016.
4356:"Prezes polskiego TK o słowach prezesa niemieckiego TK: jestem zażenowana"
4274:
Skrzydło, Wiesław; Grabowska, Sabina; Grabowski (red.), Radosław (2009).
4226:
The colors only represent the majorities that elected each judge, as the
4194:
The colors only represent the majorities that elected each judge, as the
4138:
3848:
464:
349:
5881:"Ast: Julia Przyłębska jest prezesem Trybunału Konstytucyjnego - RMF 24"
6023:
1347:
1220:
1207:, which forced the government to delay the ruling's publication in the
5066:"Trybunał w Strasburgu: TK z dublerem nie jest sądem zgodnym z prawem"
2588:(PiS). These two branches appoint and swear new judges, respectively.
4133:
2628:
1335:
1192:(Article 39) or the prohibition against discrimination (Article 32).
1084:
Since the reform and takeover of the Constitutional Tribunal by the
941:
The Constitutional Tribunal was established by the amendment of the
1152:, and the PiS-affiliated Andrzej Duda being reelected as president
888:. The Constitution mandates that its 15 members are elected by the
384:
4479:
2631:
depicts the length of each current justice's tenure on the Court:
1156:, they were able to fill the Court's 15 seats completely by 2021.
920:
The Constitutional Tribunal is made up of 15 judges chosen by the
5788:
5786:
5632:
Złożyła ślubowanie i podjęła obowiązki sędziego 11 stycznia 2011.
4273:
1464:
5934:"Poland's ruling party drafts bill to force judges to step down"
5446:
Złożyła ślubowanie i podjęła obowiązki sędziego 29 grudnia 2006.
4276:
Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Komentarz encyklopedyczny
1076:
967:
5968:
5524:
Złożył ślubowanie i podjął obowiązki sędziego 14 stycznia 2008.
4891:
4889:
4887:
2644:
2580:
In the summer and autumn 2015, a change of power occurred with
1371:
1018:, PiS), which won an unprecedented absolute majority of seats.
855:
663:
80:
76:
5981:
5818:"Prof. Jędrejek nowym sędzią TK. Prezydent przyjął ślubowanie"
5783:
2634:
1159:
On 4 March 2024, following a non-PiS government being elected
242:
146:
5567:
Złożyła ślubowanie i podjęła obowiązki sędziego 17 maja 2010.
5472:
Złożyła ślubowanie i podjęła obowiązki sędziego 6 marca 2007.
675:
4884:
4568:"Poland: The Constitutional Court Repeals Eugenic Abortion"
4387:"Poland's Constitutional Crisis: Facts and interpretations"
4248:
4246:
947:
921:
889:
334:
94:
5498:
Złożył ślubowanie i podjął obowiązki sędziego 8 maja 2007.
2573:
1474:
between Brussels and Warsaw that began in late 2015, when
2277:
936:
6227:
5535:
M.P. z 2008 r. Nr 100, poz. 1079
4448:
4312:
Trybunał Konstytucyjny w polskich systemach politycznych
4243:
892:, the lower house, for 9 years. It is the subject of an
5617:
M.P. z 2010 r. Nr 93, poz. 1067
873:
that took place a few weeks before the introduction of
5660:
M.P. z 2011 r. Nr 45, poz. 492
5578:
M.P. z 2010 r. Nr 38, poz. 525
5552:
M.P. z 2008 r. Nr 47, poz. 420
5509:
M.P. z 2007 r. Nr 29, poz. 320
5483:
M.P. z 2006 r. Nr 89, poz. 918
5457:
M.P. z 2006 r. Nr 89, poz. 919
5431:
M.P. z 2006 r. Nr 84, poz. 842
5414:
M.P. z 2006 r. Nr 80, poz. 792
5388:
M.P. z 2003 r. Nr 37, poz. 514
5367:
M.P. z 2002 r. Nr 21, poz. 371
5346:
M.P. z 2001 r. Nr 42, poz. 672
5297:
M.P. z 1999 r. Nr 23, poz. 332
5276:
M.P. z 1998 r. Nr 46, poz. 646
5255:
M.P. z 1997 r. Nr 83, poz. 810
5229:
M.P. z 1997 r. Nr 82, poz. 789
5207:
M.P. z 1995 r. Nr 37, poz. 440
5190:
M.P. z 1994 r. Nr 33, poz. 263
5173:
M.P. z 1993 r. Nr 62, poz. 557
4949:
M.P. z 2019 r. Nr 0, poz. 1197
4936:
M.P. z 2019 r. Nr 0, poz. 1134
4923:
M.P. z 2019 r. Nr 0, poz. 1133
4879:
M.P. z 2019 r. Nr 0, poz. 1132
4710:
M.P. z 2008 r. Nr 53, poz. 470
4697:
M.P. z 2006 r. Nr 80, poz. 804
4473:
5805:
M.P. z 2017 r. Nr 0, poz. 224
5318:
M.P. z 2001 r. Nr 9, poz. 149
5145:
M.P. z 1993 r. Nr 10, poz. 67
4988:
M.P. z 2020 r. Nr 0, poz. 340
1309:
R (Factortame Ltd) v Secretary of State for Transport
5643:
M.P. z 2011 r. Nr 4, poz. 39
5027:
M.P. z 2022 r. Nr , poz. 203
4840:
M.P. z 2019 r. Nr , poz. 414
4800:
M.P. z 2017 r. Nr , poz. 610
1470:
This landmark decision marks the culmination of the
63:– constitutional amendment establishing the Tribunal
4684:
M.P. z 1998 r. Nr 1, poz. 2
4530:
4339:
4314:. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.
1143:
former Constitutional Tribunal judges, Ruleoflaw.pl
958:
5932:
4578:
4253:Dz.U. z 1982 r. nr 11, poz. 83
1453:This was widely interpreted as a challenge of the
4417:
1493:
1195:On 22 October 2020, an 11–2 ruling declared that
6310:
6203:
6112:
4384:
4173:
4171:
4169:
2648:Marek Safjan, first President elected after the
2584:(PO) losing both the Sejm and the Presidency to
2556: Nominated by PiS or its coalition partners
2067: Nominated by PiS or its coalition partners
4899:. prezydent.pl. 5 December 2019. Archived from
2566: Nominated by PO or its coalition partners
2077: Nominated by PO or its coalition partners
1482:. Many politicians in Brussels called upon the
943:Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland
1472:escalade over judicial nominations and reforms
1323:R (HS2 Action Alliance Ltd) v SS for Transport
99:President and Vice President appointed by the
6098:
6009:
5776:
5774:
4166:
1236:
1065:as President of the Constitutional Tribunal.
968:2015–2016: Polish Constitutional Court crisis
819:
5931:Shotter, James; Huber, Evon (13 July 2017).
5930:
5082:
4646:"The Constitution of the Republic of Poland"
1425:opposes the sovereignty of the Polish state,
912:It also rules on constitutional complaints.
4640:
4638:
4611:
4609:
4607:
1179:2020–2021 women's strike protests in Poland
6105:
6091:
6016:
6002:
5986:
5771:
4449:Tomasz Tadeusz Koncewicz (13 March 2020).
4305:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4204:
2592:oath was denied by the new PiS President,
1463:(1964), with some talking of a judicial "
1243:
1229:
826:
812:
156:
4348:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4154:2015–present Polish constitutional crisis
6339:Courts and tribunals established in 1982
5611:
5609:
5607:
5340:
5338:
5336:
5334:
5249:
5247:
5245:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5157:
4811:
4635:
4604:
4309:
2643:
1250:
1075:
1067:
977:
884:and in 1997 with the establishment of a
220:
212:
6177:2015 Polish Constitutional Court crisis
5762:M.P. z 2015 r. poz. 1042
5745:M.P. z 2015 r. poz. 1041
5728:M.P. z 2015 r. poz. 1039
5711:M.P. z 2015 r. poz. 1040
5694:M.P. z 2015 r. poz. 1038
5594:
5592:
5590:
5408:
5406:
5404:
4783:M.P. z 2016 r. poz. 1206
4749:M.P. z 2015 r. poz. 1185
4732:M.P. z 2015 r. poz. 1186
4292:
4258:
4201:
3839:5 years, 240 days (resigned)
3116:5 years, 181 days (resigned)
3097:4 years, 364 days (resigned)
2972:4 years, 198 days (resigned)
2953:2 years, 335 days (resigned)
2606:2015 Polish Constitutional Court crisis
2575:2015 Polish Constitutional Court crisis
1592:4 years, 198 days (resigned)
1480:2015 Polish Constitutional Court crisis
1029:, assumed office on 6 August 2015, and
974:2015 Polish Constitutional Court crisis
225:The seat of the Tribunal, Warsaw (2006)
6311:
6239:Committee for the Defence of Democracy
6161:Polish judicial disciplinary panel law
5905:
5677:M.P. z 2012 r. poz. 506
4766:M.P. z 2016 r. poz. 393
4510:
4328:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4184:
1148:PiS having been reelected to the Sejm
937:1982–1989: People's Republic of Poland
860:Constitution of the Republic of Poland
112:Constitution of the Republic of Poland
6086:
5997:
5947:from the original on 11 December 2022
5604:
5331:
5242:
5216:
5154:
4560:
4548:from the original on 10 February 2021
1488:Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation
1224:
1167:
530:
6244:Polish Judges Association "Iustitia"
5765:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5748:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5731:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5714:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5697:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5680:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5663:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5646:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5620:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5587:
5581:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5555:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5538:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5512:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5486:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5460:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5434:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5417:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5401:
5391:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5370:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5349:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5321:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5300:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5279:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5258:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5232:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5210:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5193:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5176:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5148:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
5134:Wybrana w miejsce Henryka de Fiumel.
4786:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
4769:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
4752:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
4735:; Przebieg procesu legislacyjnego –
4492:from the original on 29 October 2020
3683:19 December 2007 – 19 December 2016
3361:18 December 1998 – 18 December 2007
3072:19 February 1993 – 19 February 2001
2928:25 November 1986 – 30 November 1993
1749:19 December 2007 – 19 December 2016
5085:"Poland's Constitution Under Siege"
4418:Dominika Sitnicka (22 April 2020).
4181:
4095:27 February 2017 – 19 January 2020
4043:2 December 2015 – 20 December 2017
3094:1 December 1993 – 30 November 1998
2622:
1730:3 December 2010 – 19 December 2016
1600:19 November 1993 – 1 December 1997
1568:1 December 1989 – 19 November 1993
899:It should not be confused with the
13:
5003:. www.prezydent.pl. Archived from
4964:. www.prezydent.pl. Archived from
4855:. www.prezydent.pl. Archived from
4816:. www.prezydent.pl. Archived from
3792:3 December 2010 – 3 December 2019
3770:3 December 2010 – 3 December 2019
3748:3 December 2010 – 3 December 2019
3618:8 December 2006 – 8 December 2015
3599:2 December 2006 – 2 December 2015
3580:6 November 2006 – 6 November 2015
3559:6 November 2006 – 6 November 2015
3540:6 November 2006 – 6 November 2015
3478:2 December 2001 – 2 December 2010
3459:2 December 2001 – 2 December 2010
3440:2 December 2001 – 2 December 2010
3421:2 December 2001 – 2 December 2010
3342:1 December 1997 – 1 December 2006
3323:1 December 1997 – 1 December 2006
3301:1 December 1997 – 1 December 2006
3282:5 November 1997 – 5 November 2006
3263:5 November 1997 – 5 November 2006
3244:5 November 1997 – 5 November 2006
3186:1 December 1993 – 1 December 2001
3167:1 December 1993 – 1 December 2001
3148:1 December 1993 – 1 December 2001
3129:1 December 1993 – 1 December 2001
3124:prof. Zdzisław Czeszejko-Sochacki
3052:1 December 1989 – 1 December 1997
3030:1 December 1989 – 1 December 1997
3011:1 December 1989 – 1 December 1997
2950:1 December 1989 – 31 October 1992
2888:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1993
2869:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1993
2850:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1993
2831:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1993
2812:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
2793:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
2774:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
2755:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
2736:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
2714:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
1969:2 December 2001 – 2 December 2010
1914:1 December 1997 – 1 December 2006
1897:2 December 2001 – 1 December 2006
1886:1 December 1993 – 1 December 2001
1869:1 December 1993 – 1 December 2001
1858:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1993
1841:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1993
1803:
1719:2 December 2001 – 2 December 2010
1664:5 November 1997 – 5 November 2006
1621:1 December 1989 – 1 December 1997
1557:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
1536:1 December 1985 – 1 December 1989
1284:Amm delle Finanze v Simmenthal SpA
1260:Van Gend en Loos v Ned Belastingen
865:Its creation was a request of the
14:
6350:
6026:Constitutional Tribunal of Poland
5974:Constitutional Tribunal of Poland
5961:
5906:Tilles, Daniel (5 January 2023).
4278:. Warsaw: Wolters Kluwer Polska.
4020:(election ruled unconstitutional)
3987:(election ruled unconstitutional)
3233:prof. Teresa Dębowska-Romanowska
2907:1 December 1985 – 13 August 1993
1647:6 January 1998 – 5 November 2006
1478:came to power, starting with the
1422:in both validity and application,
6182:Article 7 process against Poland
5967:
4461:from the original on 13 May 2020
4430:from the original on 13 May 2020
4399:from the original on 13 May 2020
4366:from the original on 13 May 2020
3814:5 January 2011 – 5 January 2020
3637:8 December 2006 – 12 March 2007
3527:dr hab. Maria Gintowt-Jankowicz
3314:Biruta Lewaszkiewicz-Petrykowska
2611:Multiple cases were sent to the
1633:1 December 1997 – 6 January 1998
1442:Article 19 and Article 2 of the
1359:
959:1989–2014: Third Polish Republic
783:
447:
420:
388:Małgorzata Maria Kidawa- Błońska
364:
325:
317:
312:
241:
217:The seat of the Tribunal, Warsaw
66:1986 – beginning of the activity
34:
5899:
5873:
5861:(in Polish). TVN 24. 9 May 2023
5847:
5832:
5810:
5797:
5754:
5737:
5720:
5703:
5686:
5669:
5652:
5635:
5626:
5570:
5561:
5544:
5527:
5518:
5501:
5492:
5475:
5466:
5449:
5440:
5423:
5380:
5359:
5310:
5289:
5268:
5199:
5182:
5137:
5128:
5102:
5076:
5058:
5032:
5019:
4993:
4980:
4954:
4941:
4928:
4915:
4871:
4845:
4832:
4805:
4792:
4775:
4758:
4741:
4724:
4715:
4702:
4689:
4676:
4666:
4656:
4511:Tilles, Daniel (4 March 2024).
4504:
4220:
4069:2 December 2015 – 12 July 2017
4068:
4057:
4054:
4042:
4034:
4028:
4025:
3718:Sławomira Wronkowska-Jaśkiewicz
2969:1 December 1989 – 17 June 1994
2691:1 December 1985 – 17 June 1986
2357:Position usurped by PiS nominee
2327:Position usurped by PiS nominee
2164:Position usurped by PiS nominee
1980:3 December 2010 – 26 June 2017
1952:3 March 2010 – 2 December 2010
1925:2 December 2006 – 2 March 2010
1702:26 June 2008 – 2 December 2010
1675:6 November 2006 – 25 June 2008
1589:1 December 1989 – 17 June 1994
982:Demonstration organized by the
5793:Kadencje sędziów – zestawienie
4897:"Ślubowanie nowych sędziów TK"
4442:
4411:
4378:
3836:29 May 2011 – 24 January 2017
3656:27 April 2007 – 27 April 2016
3113:1 December 1993 – 31 May 1999
2988:1 December 1989 – 27 May 1995
2613:European Court of Human Rights
1494:Presidents and vice presidents
1216:
1172:
915:
16:Constitutional court of Poland
1:
6334:1982 establishments in Poland
6254:Consultative Council (Poland)
4237:
4098:2 years, 326 days (
3451:dr hab. Mirosław Wyrzykowski
2991:5 years, 177 days (
2910:7 years, 255 days (
1498:
1455:primacy of European Union law
6114:Polish constitutional crisis
4144:Rule According to Higher Law
4072:1 year, 222 days (
4046:2 years, 18 days (
3858:23 July 2012 – 23 July 2021
3705:26 June 2008 – 26 June 2017
3516:22 July 2003 – 22 July 2012
3399:2 March 2001 – 2 March 2010
3380:25 June 1999 – 25 June 2008
3222:21 July 1995 – 21 July 2003
2547:2 years, 226 days
2521:4 years, 173 days
2495:4 years, 266 days
2468:4 years, 299 days
2441:4 years, 299 days
2415:4 years, 299 days
2383:5 years, 174 days
2267:7 years, 284 days
2240:8 years, 154 days
2213:8 years, 295 days
2189:8 years, 301 days
2045:8 years, 302 days
1999:26 June 2008 – 26 June 2017
1941:2 March 2001 – 2 March 2010
1783:8 years, 295 days
1691:25 June 1999 – 25 June 2008
1205:October 2020 Polish protests
542:Supreme Administrative Court
7:
5083:Judy Dempsey (4 May 2021).
4127:
3950:8 years, 327 days
3921:8 years, 327 days
3892:8 years, 327 days
3805:Małgorzata Pyziak-Szafnicka
3432:dr hab. Marek Mazurkiewicz
3197:prof. Krzysztof Kolasiński
3083:dr hab. Błażej Wierzbowski
2668:
2660:
2650:fall of communism in Poland
2296:7 years, 93 days
2094:
1418:opposes the primacy of the
1041:let any of them take their
708:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
10:
6355:
5844:, Dz. U., 2016, No. 2072
4721:Nominated by Freedom Union
3861:9 years, 0 days
3817:9 years, 0 days
3795:9 years, 0 days
3773:9 years, 0 days
3751:9 years, 0 days
3730:9 years, 0 days
3708:9 years, 0 days
3686:9 years, 0 days
3659:9 years, 0 days
3621:9 years, 0 days
3602:9 years, 0 days
3583:9 years, 0 days
3562:9 years, 0 days
3543:9 years, 0 days
3519:9 years, 0 days
3500:9 years, 0 days
3497:28 May 2002 – 28 May 2011
3481:9 years, 0 days
3462:9 years, 0 days
3443:9 years, 0 days
3424:9 years, 0 days
3402:9 years, 0 days
3383:9 years, 0 days
3364:9 years, 0 days
3353:dr hab. Jerzy Ciemniewski
3345:9 years, 0 days
3326:9 years, 0 days
3304:9 years, 0 days
3285:9 years, 0 days
3266:9 years, 0 days
3247:9 years, 0 days
3225:8 years, 0 days
3214:Jadwiga Skórzewska-Łosiak
3206:8 years, 0 days
3203:27 May 1994 – 27 May 2002
3189:8 years, 0 days
3170:8 years, 0 days
3151:8 years, 0 days
3132:8 years, 0 days
3105:prof. Wojciech Sokolewicz
3075:8 years, 0 days
3055:8 years, 0 days
3033:8 years, 0 days
3022:prof. Wojciech Łączkowski
3014:8 years, 0 days
2931:7 years, 5 days
2891:8 years, 0 days
2872:8 years, 0 days
2853:8 years, 0 days
2842:prof. Kazimierz Działocha
2834:8 years, 0 days
2815:4 years, 0 days
2796:4 years, 0 days
2777:4 years, 0 days
2758:4 years, 0 days
2739:4 years, 0 days
2717:4 years, 0 days
2687:
2099:
2023:5 July 2017 – 5 July 2023
2002:9 years, 0 days
1972:9 years, 0 days
1944:9 years, 0 days
1917:9 years, 0 days
1889:8 years, 0 days
1861:8 years, 0 days
1752:9 years, 0 days
1722:9 years, 0 days
1694:9 years, 0 days
1667:9 years, 0 days
1624:8 years, 0 days
1560:4 years, 0 days
1176:
1008:parliament (Sejm) majority
1002:, PO) party lost both the
971:
931:
6265:
6249:All-Poland Women's Strike
6190:
6169:
6153:
6120:
6032:
5116:(in Polish). 14 July 2021
4310:Alberski, Robert (2010).
4039:
3878:
3865:
3677:
3591:dr hab. Zbigniew Cieślak
3534:
3417:
3240:
3090:
2946:
2639:
2617:European Court of Justice
2561:
2551:
2403:
2148:
2082:
2072:
2062:
2055:
2012:
1832:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1762:
1636:
1527:
1406:European Court of Justice
1388:asked the Tribunal for a
1368:
1356:
1344:
1332:
1318:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1268:
1256:
1057:December 2016, President
906:
203:
199:dr hab. Mariusz Muszyński
195:
190:
182:
169:
164:
141:
133:
125:
117:
107:
86:
72:
46:
42:
33:
28:
23:
5601:, ost. spr.: 27.11.2010.
5040:"Ślubowanie sędziego TK"
4159:
3727:6 May 2010 – 6 May 2019
3640:94 days (resigned)
3410:prof. Marian Grzybowski
3334:prof. Andrzej Mączyński
2980:prof. Janina Zakrzewska
2961:prof. Mieczysław Tyczka
2785:prof. Alfons Klafkowski
2706:prof. Kazimierz Buchała
1444:Treaty on European Union
1437:Treaty on European Union
1402:Treaty on European Union
1394:Treaty on European Union
1061:appointed junior member
640:Administrative divisions
457:Prime Minister of Poland
6128:Constitutional Tribunal
4149:Supreme Court of Poland
3178:prof. Janusz Trzciński
2880:prof. Leonard Łukaszuk
2804:prof. Stanisław Pawela
2680:prof. Henryk de Fiumel
1392:of three provisions of
1213:until 27 January 2021.
901:Supreme Court of Poland
840:Constitutional Tribunal
606:Major political parties
523:Constitutional Tribunal
504:Supreme Court of Poland
24:Constitutional Tribunal
5325:; posiedzenie nr 102,
4590:Trybunał Konstytucyjny
4542:Trybunał Konstytucyjny
4385:prof. Marcin Matczak.
4342:Dziennik Gazeta Prawna
3648:prof. Mirosław Granat
3610:dr hab. Teresa Liszcz
3470:dr Bohdan Zdziennicki
3003:prof. Tomasz Dybowski
2899:Remigiusz Orzechowski
2823:dr Czesław Bakalarski
2652:
2010:27 June – 4 July 2017
1420:Constitution of Poland
1146:
1081:
1073:
1016:Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
987:
871:1981 National Congress
848:Trybunał Konstytucyjny
847:
724:Diplomatic missions of
265:Constitution of Poland
226:
218:
121:9 years, one term only
54:; 42 years ago
29:Trybunał Konstytucyjny
6324:Constitutional courts
3551:Wojciech Hermeliński
2861:prof. Henryk Groszyk
2647:
2225:Zbigniew Jędrzejewski
1390:constitutional review
1135:
1079:
1071:
1031:the new (eighth) Sejm
1004:presidential election
1000:Platforma Obywatelska
981:
882:Third Polish Republic
224:
216:
6138:Disciplinary Chamber
5976:at Wikimedia Commons
5007:on 29 September 2020
3954:(election overruled)
3925:(election overruled)
3896:(election overruled)
3159:Stefan Jan Jaworski
2506:Bartłomiej Sochański
2426:Stanisław Piotrowicz
1797:21 December 2016 -
1430:is unconstitutional;
1251:EU law primacy cases
924:(the lower house of
852:constitutional court
299:Parliament of Poland
6329:Judiciary of Poland
6287:(judiciary reforms)
5887:(in Polish). RMF FM
5046:on 16 February 2022
4544:. 22 October 2020.
4228:Polish Constitution
4196:Polish Constitution
3489:prof. Ewa Łętowska
3255:prof. Marek Safjan
2922:Maria Łabor-Soroka
2747:dr Adam Józefowicz
2532:Bogdan Święczkowski
2480:Rafał Wojciechowski
2174:Piotr Pszczółkowski
1814:Start and end date
1509:Start and end date
1484:European Commission
1457:, which emerged in
1023:president of Poland
867:Solidarity movement
515:Małgorzata Manowska
429:President of Poland
126:Number of positions
101:President of Poland
93:'s nomination with
6319:Politics of Poland
6234:Citizens of Poland
6067:Andrzej Rzepliński
6062:Bohdan Zdziennicki
6024:Presidents of the
5820:. 27 February 2017
5395:; posiedzenie 52,
5374:; posiedzenie 22,
5304:; posiedzenie 52,
5283:; posiedzenie 39,
4968:on 18 October 2021
4903:on 6 December 2019
4574:. 23 October 2020.
4118:Term as a Justice
3669:Andrzej Rzepliński
3508:prof. Adam Jamróz
3391:Janusz Niemcewicz
3274:prof. Marian Zdyb
2669:Term as a Justice
2653:
2629:graphical timeline
2395:Krystyna Pawłowicz
2281:Andrzej Zielonacki
1957:Marek Mazurkiewicz
1825:Term as a Justice
1735:Andrzej Rzepliński
1707:Bohdan Zdziennicki
1520:Term as a Justice
1435:Article 19 of the
1386:Mateusz Morawiecki
1197:abortion in Poland
1188:(Article 30), the
1168:Landmark decisions
1120:Bohdan Zdziennicki
1094:Andrzej Rzepliński
1082:
1074:
988:
986:, 18 December 2016
894:appointment crisis
856:Republic of Poland
307:Current Parliament
234:Politics of Poland
227:
219:
87:Composition method
52:26 March 1982
6306:
6305:
6279:Dec 2016–Jan 2017
6261:
6260:
6217:
6216:
6204:Political parties
6080:
6079:
6042:Mieczysław Tyczka
6037:Alfons Klafkowski
5972:Media related to
5912:Notes from Poland
5376:głosowanie nr 196
5353:; posiedzenie 4,
5327:głosowanie nr 230
5262:; posiedzenie 3,
5236:; posiedzenie 1,
4517:Notes from Poland
4321:978-83-229-3146-2
4285:978-83-7601-686-3
4125:
4124:
4086:Grzegorz Jędrejek
4007:(9 December 2015)
3974:(3 December 2015)
3933:Andrzej Jakubecki
3904:Krzysztof Ślebzak
3696:Stanisław Biernat
3571:Marek Kotlinowski
3063:Ferdynand Rymarz
2766:dr Andrzej Kabat
2571:
2570:
2544:16 February 2022
2308:Krzysztof Ślebzak
2264:20 December 2016
2140:Andrzej Jakubecki
2092:
2091:
2028:Mariusz Muszyński
1985:Stanisław Biernat
1929:Janusz Niemcewicz
1902:Andrzej Mączyński
1801:
1800:
1760:20 December 2016
1573:Mieczysław Tyczka
1541:Alfons Klafkowski
1408:in a "new step" (
1400:Article 1 of the
1378:
1377:
1296:Macarthys v Smith
836:
835:
790:Poland portal
716:Radosław Sikorski
701:Foreign relations
598:Political parties
211:
210:
118:Judge term length
6346:
6299:(women's rights)
6275:(women's rights)
6228:Citizens' groups
6225:
6224:
6201:
6200:
6145:Polish Ombudsman
6107:
6100:
6093:
6084:
6083:
6072:Julia Przyłębska
6018:
6011:
6004:
5995:
5994:
5990:
5985:
5984:
5982:Official website
5971:
5956:
5954:
5952:
5936:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5918:
5903:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5877:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5851:
5845:
5843:
5836:
5830:
5829:
5827:
5825:
5814:
5808:
5807:
5801:
5795:
5790:
5781:
5778:
5769:
5764:
5758:
5752:
5747:
5741:
5735:
5730:
5724:
5718:
5713:
5707:
5701:
5696:
5690:
5684:
5679:
5673:
5667:
5662:
5656:
5650:
5645:
5639:
5633:
5630:
5624:
5619:
5613:
5602:
5596:
5585:
5580:
5574:
5568:
5565:
5559:
5554:
5548:
5542:
5537:
5531:
5525:
5522:
5516:
5511:
5505:
5499:
5496:
5490:
5485:
5479:
5473:
5470:
5464:
5459:
5453:
5447:
5444:
5438:
5433:
5427:
5421:
5416:
5410:
5399:
5397:głosowanie nr 70
5390:
5384:
5378:
5369:
5363:
5357:
5348:
5342:
5329:
5320:
5314:
5308:
5306:głosowanie nr 10
5299:
5293:
5287:
5278:
5272:
5266:
5257:
5251:
5240:
5231:
5225:
5214:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5192:
5186:
5180:
5175:
5169:
5152:
5147:
5141:
5135:
5132:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5121:
5106:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5051:
5036:
5030:
5029:
5023:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5012:
4997:
4991:
4990:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4973:
4958:
4952:
4951:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4893:
4882:
4881:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4809:
4803:
4802:
4796:
4790:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4768:
4762:
4756:
4751:
4745:
4739:
4734:
4728:
4722:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4706:
4700:
4699:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4680:
4674:
4670:
4664:
4660:
4654:
4653:
4642:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4628:
4623:. 8 October 2021
4613:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4592:. 7 October 2021
4582:
4576:
4575:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4534:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4508:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4466:
4446:
4440:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4415:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4398:
4391:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4337:
4326:
4325:
4307:
4290:
4289:
4271:
4256:
4250:
4231:
4224:
4218:
4214:
4199:
4192:
4179:
4175:
4092:
4066:
4037:
4021:
4012:
4003:
3988:
3979:
3970:
3955:
3946:
3939:
3926:
3917:
3910:
3897:
3888:
3876:
3855:
3833:
3811:
3789:
3767:
3745:
3724:
3702:
3675:
3653:
3634:
3615:
3596:
3577:
3556:
3532:
3513:
3494:
3475:
3456:
3437:
3415:
3396:
3377:
3358:
3339:
3320:
3298:
3279:
3260:
3238:
3219:
3183:
3164:
3110:
3088:
3049:
3027:
3008:
2985:
2966:
2944:
2904:
2885:
2866:
2847:
2828:
2809:
2790:
2771:
2752:
2733:
2711:
2685:
2655:
2654:
2623:Length of tenure
2565:
2555:
2538:
2512:
2486:
2465:5 December 2019
2459:
2438:5 December 2019
2432:
2412:5 December 2019
2401:
2374:
2344:
2314:
2287:
2258:
2252:Michał Warciński
2231:
2210:9 December 2015
2204:
2198:Julia Przyłębska
2186:3 December 2015
2180:
2146:
2104:
2103:
2086:
2076:
2066:
2042:2 December 2015
2034:
1991:
1963:
1935:
1908:
1880:
1874:Janusz Trzciński
1852:
1846:Leonard Łukaszuk
1833:Vice Presidents
1808:
1807:
1789:
1786:
1780:9 December 2015
1772:
1764:Julia Przyłębska
1741:
1713:
1685:
1658:
1611:
1579:
1547:
1503:
1502:
1324:
1310:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1144:
1128:
1117:
1106:
1063:Julia Przyłębska
994:, the governing
886:new Constitution
828:
821:
814:
792:
788:
787:
786:
688:Cities and towns
683:
671:
534:Julia Przyłębska
451:
424:
392:
391:
390:
368:
329:
321:
316:
245:
229:
228:
186:21 December 2016
178:
174:Julia Przyłębska
160:
155:
152:
150:
148:
62:
60:
55:
38:
21:
20:
6354:
6353:
6349:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6344:
6343:
6309:
6308:
6307:
6302:
6281:(press freedom)
6257:
6223:
6213:
6210:Law and Justice
6199:
6186:
6165:
6149:
6116:
6111:
6081:
6076:
6028:
6022:
5980:
5979:
5964:
5959:
5950:
5948:
5940:Financial Times
5926:
5916:
5914:
5904:
5900:
5890:
5888:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5864:
5862:
5853:
5852:
5848:
5841:
5837:
5833:
5823:
5821:
5816:
5815:
5811:
5803:
5802:
5798:
5791:
5784:
5779:
5772:
5760:
5759:
5755:
5743:
5742:
5738:
5726:
5725:
5721:
5709:
5708:
5704:
5692:
5691:
5687:
5675:
5674:
5670:
5658:
5657:
5653:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5631:
5627:
5615:
5614:
5605:
5599:Gazeta Wyborcza
5597:
5588:
5576:
5575:
5571:
5566:
5562:
5550:
5549:
5545:
5533:
5532:
5528:
5523:
5519:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5497:
5493:
5481:
5480:
5476:
5471:
5467:
5455:
5454:
5450:
5445:
5441:
5429:
5428:
5424:
5412:
5411:
5402:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5355:głosowanie nr 3
5344:
5343:
5332:
5316:
5315:
5311:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5285:głosowanie nr 8
5274:
5273:
5269:
5264:głosowanie nr 2
5253:
5252:
5243:
5238:głosowanie nr 1
5227:
5226:
5217:
5205:
5204:
5200:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5171:
5170:
5155:
5143:
5142:
5138:
5133:
5129:
5119:
5117:
5114:tribunal.gov.pl
5108:
5107:
5103:
5093:
5091:
5089:Carnegie Europe
5081:
5077:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5049:
5047:
5038:
5037:
5033:
5025:
5024:
5020:
5010:
5008:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4971:
4969:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4934:
4933:
4929:
4921:
4920:
4916:
4906:
4904:
4895:
4894:
4885:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4862:
4860:
4851:
4850:
4846:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4823:
4821:
4810:
4806:
4798:
4797:
4793:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4747:
4746:
4742:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4720:
4716:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4695:
4694:
4690:
4682:
4681:
4677:
4671:
4667:
4661:
4657:
4644:
4643:
4636:
4626:
4624:
4615:
4614:
4605:
4595:
4593:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4551:
4549:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4521:
4519:
4509:
4505:
4495:
4493:
4478:
4474:
4464:
4462:
4447:
4443:
4433:
4431:
4416:
4412:
4402:
4400:
4396:
4389:
4383:
4379:
4369:
4367:
4362:. 13 May 2020.
4354:
4353:
4349:
4338:
4329:
4322:
4308:
4293:
4286:
4272:
4259:
4251:
4244:
4240:
4235:
4234:
4225:
4221:
4215:
4202:
4193:
4182:
4176:
4167:
4162:
4130:
4090:
4064:
4035:
4019:
4018:
4010:
4009:
4001:
3986:
3985:
3977:
3976:
3968:
3963:Bronisław Sitek
3953:
3952:
3944:
3943:
3942:7 November 2015
3937:
3924:
3923:
3915:
3914:
3913:7 November 2015
3908:
3895:
3894:
3886:
3885:
3884:7 November 2015
3874:
3853:
3831:
3809:
3787:
3765:
3743:
3739:Stanisław Rymar
3722:
3700:
3673:
3651:
3632:
3629:Lidia Bagińska
3613:
3594:
3575:
3554:
3530:
3511:
3492:
3473:
3454:
3435:
3413:
3394:
3375:
3356:
3337:
3318:
3296:
3293:Wiesław Johann
3277:
3258:
3236:
3217:
3181:
3162:
3108:
3086:
3047:
3025:
3006:
2983:
2964:
2942:
2902:
2883:
2864:
2845:
2826:
2807:
2788:
2769:
2750:
2731:
2709:
2694:198 days (
2683:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2625:
2586:Law and Justice
2578:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2553:
2536:
2510:
2492:7 January 2020
2484:
2457:
2430:
2399:
2372:
2342:
2312:
2285:
2256:
2229:
2202:
2178:
2144:
2102:
2097:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2064:
2032:
1989:
1961:
1933:
1906:
1878:
1850:
1806:
1804:Vice Presidents
1787:
1784:
1770:
1739:
1711:
1683:
1656:
1609:
1577:
1545:
1501:
1496:
1490:could be used.
1476:Law and Justice
1379:
1374:
1364:
1352:
1340:
1328:
1322:
1314:
1308:
1300:
1288:
1276:
1264:
1252:
1249:
1219:
1181:
1175:
1170:
1161:in October 2023
1145:
1142:
1122:
1111:
1100:
1086:Law and Justice
1043:oaths of office
1021:Before the new
1012:Law and Justice
976:
970:
961:
939:
934:
918:
909:
832:
803:
799:Other countries
784:
782:
781:
774:
773:
749:
741:
740:
732:
720:
703:
693:
692:
677:
665:
642:
632:
631:
623:
614:Law and Justice
600:
590:
589:
576:
562:
552:
551:
538:
512:First President
498:
488:
487:
474:
418:
408:
407:
403:Deputy Marshals
386:
385:
362:
358:Deputy Marshals
346:Szymon Hołownia
323:
293:
283:
282:
259:
236:
176:
145:
98:
58:
56:
53:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6352:
6342:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6304:
6303:
6301:
6300:
6294:
6288:
6282:
6276:
6269:
6267:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6229:
6222:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6214:
6212:
6207:
6205:
6198:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6184:
6179:
6173:
6171:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6163:
6157:
6155:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6142:
6141:
6140:
6130:
6124:
6122:
6118:
6117:
6110:
6109:
6102:
6095:
6087:
6078:
6077:
6075:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6021:
6020:
6013:
6006:
5998:
5992:
5991:
5977:
5963:
5962:External links
5960:
5958:
5957:
5927:
5925:
5924:
5898:
5872:
5846:
5831:
5809:
5796:
5782:
5770:
5753:
5736:
5719:
5702:
5685:
5668:
5651:
5634:
5625:
5603:
5586:
5569:
5560:
5543:
5526:
5517:
5500:
5491:
5474:
5465:
5448:
5439:
5422:
5400:
5379:
5358:
5330:
5309:
5288:
5267:
5241:
5215:
5198:
5181:
5153:
5136:
5127:
5101:
5075:
5057:
5031:
5018:
4992:
4979:
4953:
4940:
4927:
4914:
4883:
4870:
4844:
4831:
4820:on 1 July 2017
4812:prezydent.pl.
4804:
4791:
4774:
4757:
4740:
4723:
4714:
4701:
4688:
4675:
4665:
4655:
4634:
4603:
4577:
4559:
4529:
4503:
4472:
4441:
4410:
4377:
4347:
4327:
4320:
4291:
4284:
4257:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4219:
4200:
4180:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4103:
4100:died in office
4096:
4093:
4088:
4082:
4078:
4077:
4074:died in office
4070:
4067:
4062:
4056:
4052:
4051:
4048:died in office
4044:
4041:
4038:
4033:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4013:
4011:(never seated)
4004:
3999:
3996:Andrzej Sokala
3990:
3989:
3980:
3978:(never seated)
3971:
3966:
3957:
3956:
3947:
3945:(never seated)
3940:
3935:
3928:
3927:
3918:
3916:(never seated)
3911:
3906:
3899:
3898:
3889:
3887:(never seated)
3882:
3877:
3872:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3851:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3829:
3827:Andrzej Wróbel
3823:
3819:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3807:
3801:
3797:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3785:
3779:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3763:
3757:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3720:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3665:
3661:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3630:
3627:
3623:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3611:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3592:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3557:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3525:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3495:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3471:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3411:
3408:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3373:
3372:Jerzy Stępień
3370:
3366:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3335:
3332:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3316:
3310:
3306:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3275:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3256:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2993:died in office
2989:
2986:
2981:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2940:
2939:Antoni Filcek
2937:
2933:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2912:died in office
2908:
2905:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2870:
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2851:
2848:
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2829:
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2817:
2816:
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2810:
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2798:
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2794:
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2786:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2767:
2764:
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2748:
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2741:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2729:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2707:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2696:died in office
2692:
2689:
2686:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2641:
2638:
2633:
2624:
2621:
2582:Civic Platform
2577:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
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2529:
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2397:
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2271:
2270:
2268:
2265:
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2254:
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2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:28 April 2016
2235:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2125:
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2119:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2101:
2098:
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2060:
2059:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1939:
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1931:
1926:
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1915:
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1598:
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1497:
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1492:
1448:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1416:
1383:Prime minister
1381:In July 2021,
1376:
1375:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1333:
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1316:
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1289:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1225:
1218:
1215:
1210:Dziennik Ustaw
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1140:
996:Civic Platform
972:Main article:
969:
966:
960:
957:
938:
935:
933:
930:
917:
914:
908:
905:
869:following its
834:
833:
831:
830:
823:
816:
808:
805:
804:
802:
801:
795:
794:
793:
776:
775:
772:
771:
766:
756:
750:
748:Related topics
747:
746:
743:
742:
739:
738:
731:
730:
719:
718:
711:
710:
704:
699:
698:
695:
694:
691:
690:
685:
673:
661:
660:
659:
654:
643:
638:
637:
634:
633:
630:
629:
622:
621:
619:Civic Platform
616:
610:
609:
601:
596:
595:
592:
591:
588:
587:
582:
575:
574:
569:
563:
558:
557:
554:
553:
550:
549:
547:State Tribunal
544:
537:
536:
527:
526:
518:
517:
508:
507:
499:
494:
493:
490:
489:
486:
485:
480:
473:
472:
461:
460:
445:
444:
433:
432:
419:
414:
413:
410:
409:
406:
405:
399:
398:
378:
377:
361:
360:
354:
353:
339:
338:
310:
309:
303:
302:
294:
289:
288:
285:
284:
281:
280:
275:
269:
268:
260:
255:
254:
251:
250:
247:
246:
238:
237:
232:
209:
208:
205:
201:
200:
197:
193:
192:
191:Vice President
188:
187:
184:
180:
179:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
143:
139:
138:
135:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
91:Prime minister
88:
84:
83:
74:
70:
69:
68:
67:
64:
48:
44:
43:
40:
39:
31:
30:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6351:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6316:
6314:
6298:
6295:
6293:(LGBT rights)
6292:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6280:
6277:
6274:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6264:
6255:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6232:
6230:
6226:
6220:
6219:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6202:
6196:
6195:
6193:
6191:Organisations
6189:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6168:
6162:
6159:
6158:
6156:
6152:
6146:
6143:
6139:
6136:
6135:
6134:
6133:Supreme Court
6131:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6108:
6103:
6101:
6096:
6094:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6057:Jerzy Stępień
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6031:
6027:
6019:
6014:
6012:
6007:
6005:
6000:
5999:
5996:
5989:
5983:
5978:
5975:
5970:
5966:
5965:
5946:
5942:
5941:
5935:
5929:
5928:
5913:
5909:
5902:
5886:
5882:
5876:
5860:
5856:
5850:
5840:
5835:
5819:
5813:
5806:
5800:
5794:
5789:
5787:
5777:
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5751:
5746:
5740:
5734:
5729:
5723:
5717:
5712:
5706:
5700:
5695:
5689:
5683:
5678:
5672:
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5649:
5644:
5638:
5629:
5623:
5618:
5612:
5610:
5608:
5600:
5595:
5593:
5591:
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5579:
5573:
5564:
5558:
5553:
5547:
5541:
5536:
5530:
5521:
5515:
5510:
5504:
5495:
5489:
5484:
5478:
5469:
5463:
5458:
5452:
5443:
5437:
5432:
5426:
5420:
5415:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5398:
5394:
5389:
5383:
5377:
5373:
5368:
5362:
5356:
5352:
5347:
5341:
5339:
5337:
5335:
5328:
5324:
5319:
5313:
5307:
5303:
5298:
5292:
5286:
5282:
5277:
5271:
5265:
5261:
5256:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5239:
5235:
5230:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5213:
5208:
5202:
5196:
5191:
5185:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5151:
5146:
5140:
5131:
5115:
5111:
5105:
5090:
5086:
5079:
5072:. 7 May 2021.
5071:
5067:
5061:
5045:
5041:
5035:
5028:
5022:
5006:
5002:
4996:
4989:
4983:
4967:
4963:
4957:
4950:
4944:
4937:
4931:
4924:
4918:
4902:
4898:
4892:
4890:
4888:
4880:
4874:
4859:on 9 May 2019
4858:
4854:
4848:
4841:
4835:
4819:
4815:
4808:
4801:
4795:
4789:
4784:
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4772:
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4755:
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4727:
4718:
4711:
4705:
4698:
4692:
4685:
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4651:
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4641:
4639:
4622:
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4608:
4591:
4587:
4581:
4573:
4569:
4563:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4518:
4514:
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4491:
4487:
4483:
4476:
4460:
4456:
4452:
4445:
4429:
4425:
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4414:
4395:
4388:
4381:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4343:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4323:
4317:
4313:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4287:
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4270:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4254:
4249:
4247:
4242:
4229:
4223:
4213:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4197:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4185:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4165:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4063:
4061:
4060:Lech Morawski
4053:
4049:
4045:
4032:
4024:
4017:
4014:
4008:
4005:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3991:
3984:
3981:
3975:
3972:
3967:
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3964:
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3907:
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3864:
3860:
3857:
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3842:
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3813:
3808:
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3791:
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3423:
3420:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3360:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3336:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3317:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3300:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3262:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3243:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3142:Lech Garlicki
3139:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3112:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3071:
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3044:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3032:
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3024:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2998:
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2990:
2987:
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2979:
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2968:
2963:
2960:
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2857:
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2814:
2811:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2799:
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2776:
2773:
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2757:
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2749:
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2735:
2730:
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2724:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2713:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2632:
2630:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2576:
2560:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2518:9 April 2020
2517:
2514:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2456:
2454:
2453:Jakub Stelina
2450:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2380:8 April 2019
2379:
2376:
2371:
2369:
2368:Wojciech Sych
2365:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2293:28 June 2017
2292:
2289:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2249:
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2233:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2182:
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2169:
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2162:
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2081:
2071:
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2052:
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2036:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1988:
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1982:
1979:
1976:
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1971:
1968:
1965:
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1954:
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1948:
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1932:
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1927:
1924:
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1920:
1916:
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1827:
1824:
1821:
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1810:
1809:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1785:360 days
1777:
1767:
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1732:
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1715:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1680:
1679:Jerzy Stępień
1677:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1655:
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1649:
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1504:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1460:Costa v. ENEL
1456:
1451:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1414:
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1399:
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1387:
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1373:
1367:
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1355:
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1298:
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1267:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1246:
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1234:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1190:right to life
1187:
1186:human dignity
1180:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1110:
1109:Jerzy Stępień
1104:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1046:
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1038:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1019:
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1005:
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993:
985:
980:
975:
965:
956:
952:
949:
944:
929:
927:
923:
913:
904:
902:
897:
895:
891:
887:
883:
878:
876:
872:
868:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
829:
824:
822:
817:
815:
810:
809:
807:
806:
800:
797:
796:
791:
780:
779:
778:
777:
770:
767:
764:
760:
757:
755:
752:
751:
745:
744:
737:
734:
733:
729:
725:
722:
721:
717:
713:
712:
709:
706:
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702:
697:
696:
689:
686:
684:
681:
674:
672:
669:
662:
658:
655:
653:
650:
649:
648:
645:
644:
641:
636:
635:
628:
627:Other parties
625:
624:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
608:
607:
603:
602:
599:
594:
593:
586:
583:
581:
578:
577:
573:
572:Parliamentary
570:
568:
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564:
561:
556:
555:
548:
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535:
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529:
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296:
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279:
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136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:
110:
108:Authorized by
106:
102:
97:confirmation.
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
65:
51:
50:
49:
45:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
19:
6127:
6121:Institutions
6052:Marek Safjan
6047:Andrzej Zoll
5949:. Retrieved
5938:
5915:. Retrieved
5911:
5901:
5889:. Retrieved
5884:
5875:
5863:. Retrieved
5858:
5849:
5834:
5822:. Retrieved
5812:
5799:
5767:druk nr 3958
5756:
5750:druk nr 3957
5739:
5733:druk nr 3956
5722:
5716:druk nr 3955
5705:
5699:druk nr 3954
5688:
5671:
5665:druk nr 4144
5654:
5648:druk nr 3676
5637:
5628:
5622:druk nr 3573
5583:druk nr 2918
5572:
5563:
5546:
5529:
5520:
5514:druk nr 1637
5503:
5494:
5488:druk nr 1157
5477:
5468:
5462:druk nr 1157
5451:
5442:
5436:druk nr 1083
5425:
5419:druk nr 1025
5393:druk nr 1709
5382:
5361:
5323:druk nr 2565
5312:
5302:druk nr 1159
5291:
5270:
5212:druk nr 1143
5201:
5184:
5178:druk nr 89-A
5139:
5130:
5118:. Retrieved
5113:
5104:
5092:. Retrieved
5088:
5078:
5069:
5060:
5048:. Retrieved
5044:the original
5034:
5021:
5009:. Retrieved
5005:the original
4995:
4982:
4970:. Retrieved
4966:the original
4956:
4943:
4930:
4917:
4905:. Retrieved
4901:the original
4873:
4861:. Retrieved
4857:the original
4847:
4834:
4822:. Retrieved
4818:the original
4807:
4794:
4788:druk nr 1046
4777:
4760:
4743:
4726:
4717:
4704:
4691:
4678:
4668:
4658:
4649:
4625:. Retrieved
4620:
4594:. Retrieved
4589:
4580:
4571:
4562:
4550:. Retrieved
4541:
4532:
4520:. Retrieved
4516:
4506:
4494:. Retrieved
4486:Ruleoflaw.pl
4485:
4475:
4463:. Retrieved
4455:Reconnect EU
4454:
4444:
4432:. Retrieved
4423:
4413:
4401:. Retrieved
4380:
4368:. Retrieved
4359:
4350:
4341:
4311:
4275:
4222:
4121:Term length
4031:Henryk Cioch
4015:
4006:
3993:
3982:
3973:
3960:
3949:
3920:
3891:
3870:Roman Hauser
3761:Piotr Tuleja
3043:Andrzej Zoll
2727:Natalia Gajl
2672:Term length
2626:
2610:
2602:
2598:Henryk Cioch
2594:Andrzej Duda
2590:
2579:
2356:
2338:Roman Hauser
2326:
2163:
2056:
2053:6 July 2023
2013:
1828:Term length
1766:
1652:Marek Safjan
1637:
1632:
1605:Andrzej Zoll
1523:Term length
1469:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1409:
1380:
1358:
1346:
1334:
1320:
1306:
1299:3 All ER 325
1294:
1282:
1272:Costa v ENEL
1270:
1258:
1208:
1194:
1182:
1158:
1147:
1136:
1131:Andrzej Zoll
1098:Marek Safjan
1090:puppet court
1089:
1083:
1059:Andrzej Duda
1051:
1047:
1039:
1035:
1027:Andrzej Duda
1020:
1015:
999:
989:
962:
953:
940:
919:
910:
898:
896:since 2015.
879:
864:
839:
837:
769:Armed forces
679:
667:
604:
567:Presidential
522:
521:
502:
455:
446:
437:Andrzej Duda
427:
372:
363:
333:
324:
311:
297:
278:Human rights
263:
18:
6285:2017 onward
5824:27 February
5682:druk nr 507
5557:druk nr 554
5372:druk nr 435
5281:druk nr 765
5195:druk nr 393
5150:druk nr 755
5070:wyborcza.pl
5050:16 February
4771:druk nr 369
4424:Rule of Law
4139:Rule of law
4016:0 days
3983:0 days
3849:Leon Kieres
3783:Marek Zubik
2124:Term length
2121:Start date
1528:Presidents
1360:Case K 3/21
1217:Case K 3/21
1173:Case K 1/20
1123: [
1112: [
1101: [
916:Composition
875:martial law
736:Ambassadors
647:Voivodeship
585:Referendums
465:Donald Tusk
291:Legislature
207:5 July 2017
47:Established
6313:Categories
6154:Legal acts
5540:druk nr 26
5351:druk nr 31
5260:druk nr 12
5234:druk nr 11
4907:6 December
4754:druk nr 56
4737:druk nr 56
4627:12 October
4596:12 October
4552:27 October
4496:28 October
4238:References
4110:Full name
2661:Full name
2110:Full name
1817:Full name
1512:Full name
1499:Presidents
1351:3 CMLR 225
1348:Solange II
1177:See also:
1133:, stated,
926:parliament
714:Minister:
483:Ministries
257:Government
59:1982-03-26
4972:7 January
4134:Judiciary
2688:IX (PRL)
1855:IX (PRL)
1788:over term
1410:nowy etap
1336:Solange I
1201:abortions
850:) is the
763:political
728:in Poland
676:Communes
664:Counties
560:Elections
531:President
496:Judiciary
416:Executive
196:Currently
177:Over-Term
170:Currently
165:President
149:.trybunal
6297:Oct 2020
6291:Aug 2020
6273:Sep 2016
6266:Protests
6170:Timeline
5945:Archived
5885:rmf24.pl
5859:tvn24.pl
4621:Euronews
4546:Archived
4490:Archived
4459:Archived
4428:Archived
4394:Archived
4364:Archived
4128:See also
4084:dr hab.
2947:X (PRL)
2615:and the
2478:dr hab.
2393:dr hab.
2336:dr hab.
2306:dr hab.
2250:dr hab.
2223:dr hab.
2127:Comment
2095:Justices
2026:dr hab.
1955:dr hab.
1412:) which
1141:—
1054:protests
1006:and the
657:marshals
652:voivodes
134:Language
73:Location
5951:14 July
5917:6 March
5120:19 July
5011:9 April
4824:28 June
4522:6 March
4360:Onet.pl
2100:Current
2057:vacated
2014:vacated
1465:Polexit
1154:in 2020
1150:in 2019
1014:party (
1010:to the
932:History
922:Sejm RP
854:of the
759:History
754:Economy
478:Cabinet
382:Marshal
343:Marshal
142:Website
57: (
5891:10 May
5865:10 May
5842:
5094:29 May
4465:13 May
4434:13 May
4403:13 May
4370:13 May
4318:
4282:
4091:
4065:
4058:prof.
4036:
4029:prof.
4002:
3994:prof.
3969:
3961:prof.
3938:
3931:prof.
3909:
3902:prof.
3875:
3868:prof.
3854:
3847:prof.
3832:
3825:prof.
3810:
3803:prof.
3788:
3781:prof.
3766:
3759:prof.
3744:
3723:
3716:prof.
3701:
3694:prof.
3674:
3667:prof.
3652:
3633:
3614:
3595:
3576:
3555:
3531:
3512:
3493:
3474:
3455:
3436:
3414:
3395:
3376:
3357:
3338:
3319:
3312:prof.
3297:
3278:
3259:
3237:
3218:
3182:
3163:
3140:prof.
3109:
3087:
3048:
3041:prof.
3026:
3007:
2984:
2965:
2943:
2903:
2884:
2865:
2846:
2827:
2808:
2789:
2770:
2751:
2732:
2725:prof.
2710:
2684:
2640:Former
2564:
2554:
2537:
2511:
2485:
2458:
2451:prof.
2431:
2400:
2373:
2343:
2313:
2286:
2257:
2230:
2203:
2179:
2145:
2136:dr hab
2118:Votes
2085:
2075:
2065:
2033:
1990:
1983:prof.
1962:
1934:
1907:
1900:prof.
1879:
1872:prof.
1851:
1844:prof.
1771:
1740:
1733:prof.
1712:
1684:
1657:
1650:prof.
1638:vacant
1610:
1603:prof.
1578:
1571:prof.
1546:
1539:prof.
1372:EU law
1363:(2021)
1339:(1970)
1327:UKSC 3
1313:(1990)
1287:(1978)
1275:(1964)
1263:(1963)
907:Powers
844:Polish
668:powiat
374:Senate
350:PL2050
137:Polish
81:Poland
77:Warsaw
4863:9 May
4397:(PDF)
4390:(PDF)
4160:Notes
4115:Sejm
4040:VIII
2666:Sejm
2627:This
2115:Sejm
1822:Sejm
1517:Sejm
1127:]
1116:]
1105:]
680:gmina
580:Local
204:Since
183:Since
5953:2017
5919:2024
5893:2023
5867:2023
5826:2017
5122:2021
5096:2021
5052:2022
5013:2020
4974:2020
4909:2019
4865:2019
4826:2017
4650:Sejm
4629:2021
4598:2021
4572:ECLJ
4554:2020
4524:2024
4498:2020
4467:2020
4436:2020
4405:2020
4372:2020
4316:ISBN
4280:ISBN
4107:No.
4081:67.
4055:61.
4026:60.
3844:59.
3822:58.
3800:57.
3778:56.
3756:55.
3735:54.
3713:53.
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3467:41.
3448:40.
3429:39.
3407:38.
3388:37.
3369:36.
3350:35.
3331:34.
3309:33.
3290:32.
3271:31.
3252:30.
3241:III
3230:29.
3211:28.
3194:27.
3175:26.
3156:25.
3137:24.
3121:23.
3102:22.
3080:21.
3060:20.
3038:19.
3019:18.
3000:17.
2977:16.
2958:15.
2936:14.
2919:13.
2896:12.
2877:11.
2858:10.
2658:No.
2541:233
2528:77.
2515:234
2502:76.
2489:239
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2462:233
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2435:230
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2409:230
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2377:228
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2347:274
2333:70.
2317:268
2303:69.
2290:227
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2261:231
2247:66.
2234:227
2220:65.
2207:234
2194:64.
2183:233
2170:63.
2154:272
2150:VIII
2132:62.
2107:No.
2038:VIII
1938:III
1911:III
1811:No.
1776:VIII
1688:III
1661:III
1550:IX (
1506:No.
1370:see
1129:and
992:2015
948:Sejm
890:Sejm
838:The
335:Sejm
151:.gov
95:Sejm
4673:TK.
4663:TK.
3880:VII
3418:IV
3091:II
2839:9.
2820:8.
2801:7.
2782:6.
2763:5.
2744:4.
2722:3.
2703:2.
2677:1.
2366:dr
2020:7.
1977:6.
1966:IV
1949:5.
1922:4.
1894:3.
1883:II
1866:2.
1838:1.
1794:8.
1727:7.
1716:IV
1705:dr
1699:6.
1672:5.
1644:4.
1616:PRL
1614:X (
1597:3.
1584:PRL
1582:X (
1565:2.
1552:PRL
1533:1.
990:In
984:KOD
273:Law
153:.pl
147:www
6315::
5943:.
5937:.
5910:.
5883:.
5857:.
5785:^
5773:^
5606:^
5589:^
5403:^
5333:^
5244:^
5218:^
5156:^
5112:.
5087:.
5068:.
4886:^
4648:.
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4619:.
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4588:.
4570:.
4540:.
4515:.
4488:.
4484:.
4457:.
4453:.
4426:.
4422:.
4392:.
4358:.
4330:^
4294:^
4260:^
4245:^
4203:^
4183:^
4168:^
4102:)
4076:)
4050:)
3679:VI
3200:-
3069:I
3066:-
2995:)
2925:-
2914:)
2698:)
2608:.
2405:IX
2353:-
2350:-
2323:-
2320:-
2278:dr
2160:-
2157:-
2138:.
2050:–
2007:–
1995:VI
1757:–
1745:VI
1629:–
1618:)
1586:)
1554:)
1125:pl
1118:,
1114:pl
1107:,
1103:pl
1096:,
1025:,
903:.
862:.
846::
726:/
469:PO
395:PO
129:15
79:,
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6099:t
6092:v
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6003:v
5955:.
5921:.
5895:.
5869:.
5828:.
5124:.
5098:.
5054:.
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4976:.
4911:.
4867:.
4828:.
4652:.
4631:.
4600:.
4556:.
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4500:.
4469:.
4438:.
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