28:
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36:
98:
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732:.' This electricity would then be called 'Faradism,' and its application 'Faradization.' Such names would establish a clear distinction between the electricity by contact and that by induction, whilst they, at the same time, render due honour to a philosopher to whom medical science owes a discovery far more valuable in a therapeutic point of view than that of Galvani.'"
460:
may occur when the electrode is close to the skin and then pulled away repeatedly. Some electrodes may contain a metal coil that produces a mechanical vibration, as well as sparking energy that can be felt indirectly when held in one person's hand while another person uses their hands directly on the
248:
This increased ATP also energizes the facial muscles, similar to how exercise energizes the muscles of our bodies. Unlike anywhere else on the body, the facial muscles are directly connected to the skin, so the result of energizing the muscle is often an improved, lifted appearance. When used on the
403:
Since microcurrent treatment uses a low-grade electrical current, there has been health concerns over safety of its use. People with pacemakers or any kind of heart condition should avoid it. Moreover, pregnant women are advised against it as well. It is always recommended to individually consult
716:, May 1851) on the subject by these words: 'As it will be useful to create a word which should exactly point out electricity by induction, as well as its application, may it not be allowable to use the name of the philosopher who has discovered this kind of electricity? Thus, in the same way as '
193:
Faradic treatment has also been described in the beauty industry since the 1970s and earlier. The treatment tones the muscles by repeatedly contracting them with the electric current, resulting in their firming and toning, and an increase in muscular metabolism aims to remove waste products more
744:
established a unified terminology for clinical electrical currents—that is, (a) direct current (b) alternating current (c) pulsed current (Kloth and
Cummings, 1991) ... However, this terminology does not appear to have been widely adopted and inconsistencies remain in the
399:
Microcurrent devices have been in the beauty industry for over a decade, the most known being the CACI device. Modern professional and personal use microcurrent devices combine waves of multiple shape and vary in frequencies used.
740:"Some terms such as galvanic current and faradic stimulation are unique to physiotherapy. Their definitions given in the literature are far from universal. ... The Clinical Electrophysiology Section of the
70:, which has been researched and accepted in the field of rehabilitation, though the "scientific and medical communities have tended to sideline or dismiss the use of electrotherapy for healthy muscles".
923:
Robinson AJ, Snyder-Mackler, L. Clinical electrophysiology: electrotherapy and electrophysiologic testing 3rd ed. Baltimore: Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins, 2008;151-196, 198-237, 239-274
177:
interchange in the area. This is completed in a natural and harmless way, and is aided by the actual effect of the galvanic current on the tissues. This improves the function of the
101:
1909 cosmetic electrotherapy advert reads: The White Cross
Electric Vibrator gives you your choice of Vibration, Faradic and Galvanic Electricity tones up your nerves and muscles"
1875:
966:
In the treatment of scars (cicatrix): ".. electro-galvanic currents ought to remove cicatrical tissue of the skin, and thus prove of incalculable value as a cosmetic" in
420:
or rarefied gas which produces violet light. Because of the color of light that is produced when electricity is passed through the gas, they are inaccurately called
89:, Dr Björn Nordenström, a former chair of the Nobel Selection Committee for Medicine, and Dr Thomas Wing, who invented some of the first micro-current devices.
1144:
2143:
416:, delivered via a glass electrode. Glass electrodes are often filled with either Neon gas which produces pink, orange, or red light or they are filled with
657:
256:. It encourages production of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) which leads to the creation and stimulation of structural proteins like elastin and collagen.
988:
194:
readily. Faradic treatments are generally used on the face and body, and work by contracting muscles with a short pulse of interrupted direct current.
1021:
259:
Different microcurrent characteristics, particular the frequency and shape of the changing voltage (waveform), have different effects on the tissue.
1713:
Dawn
Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright, Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3 Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
778:
214:
1842:
1090:
185:
Galvanic treatment are often used on the face (facial galvanic treatment) and on the body to treat cellulite (galvanic cellulite treatments).
805:
The science of common things: a familiar explanation of the first principles of physical science. For schools, families, and young students.
1763:
784:
205:
calls it electronic muscle stimulation, or the treatment is called after the name of the manufacturer, such as
Ultratone or Slim Master.
1054:
1701:
1192:
Karl
Augustus Menninger, Martin Mayman, Paul W. Pruyser, "A manual for psychiatric case study", Grune & Stratton, 1952, 355 pages (
1193:
3012:
1900:
Lorraine
Nordmann, Professional Beauty Therapy: The Official Guide to Level 3, 4th Edition, Publisher Cengage Learning EMEA, 2010,
1859:
Lorraine
Nordmann, Professional Beauty Therapy: The Official Guide to Level 3, 4th Edition, Publisher Cengage Learning EMEA, 2010,
1668:
17:
1574:
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1111:
1796:
2175:
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2135:
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2008:
1945:
1838:
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1140:
1086:
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1017:
907:
872:
741:
1486:
1259:
911:
198:
428:, however no UV rays or infra-red rays are produced, just visible light. High frequency does current convert some of the
2227:
932:
Kristin
Schaefer Centofanti, "Electrical Stimulation for Health, Beauty, Fitness, Sports Training and Rehabilitation",
808:
2167:
2127:
2112:
2105:
2046:
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1949:
1937:
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413:
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1180:
131:
Galvanic treatment in the beauty industry has been described since at least the 1970s and earlier. Sometimes called
1635:
755:
481:), (b) current frequency, (c) size of the current (all very small), and (d) the duration and shape of any pulses.
1916:
1226:
1541:
1437:
31:
Cosmetic
Electrotherapy micro-current machine together with a selection of electrodes, made by Silver Fox (China)
971:
2072:
949:
See for example: "Dr Hardaway has remarked the wide usefulness of electrolysis in cosmetic manipulations." in
3227:
2012:
1979:
1325:
1292:
767:
1730:
1588:
444:
action, and is also drying and warming. Consequently, the treatment is used to aid healing and also to help
3217:
252:
Microcurrent treatment works by passing a very small direct current through muscle tissue to stimulate the
73:
The use of electricity in cosmetics goes back to the end of the 19th century, almost a hundred years after
1522:
Forever Young: The Science of Nutrigenomics for Glowing, Wrinkle-Free Skin and Radiant Health at Every Age
3157:
3222:
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2604:
773:
725:
462:
2839:
2704:
2640:
3258:
3167:
3022:
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2220:
217:) have been around since the 1970s in medical applications and are distinguished by their use of
201:(NMES), and some of the manufactures who produce the equipment use their own terms, for example,
954:
2982:
2892:
2882:
2819:
2300:
2854:
1374:", BABTAC, British Association of Beauty Therapy and Cosmetology website, retrieved 5 Nov 2011
862:
225:. The treatment is designed to soften wrinkles and rejuvenate skin, including skin damaged by
3192:
2834:
2645:
2493:
953:, Volume 16, (Author: Horatio Charles Wood), Publisher The Medical Publishing Company, 1886 (
221:
currents (i.e. millionths of an amp) which are hardly perceptible, but mimic the body's own
3177:
2739:
2724:
2660:
2478:
936:, 2008, Volume 4 (Application of Muscle/Nerve Stimulation in Health and Disease), 69-116. (
709:
8:
3077:
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2829:
2799:
2779:
2515:
2463:
2402:
698:
The origins of the terms "galvanic" and "Faradism" are described in the medical journal,
478:
105:
There are four main types of treatment, that differ in the type of current they use (see
249:
face, the treatment has become known as a "non-surgical facelift" and "facial lifting".
3253:
3248:
2650:
2473:
2407:
2325:
2213:
2193:
1371:
721:
253:
135:, the treatment aims to improve the skin in two ways: (1) cleansing: a process called
2887:
2769:
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2004:
1996:
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1038:
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1005:
903:
895:
868:
787:(TENS) – the use of electric current to stimulate the nerves for therapeutic purposes
222:
169:, where they act on the ineffective circulation to bring about an improvement in the
139:, and (2) nourishing the skin condition, through an electro-chemical process called
82:
145:(also called ionisation). This is achieved by the application of a small, constant,
27:
2997:
2962:
2558:
2448:
2427:
2320:
2250:
987:, Publisher Baldwin & Cradock, 1830. "Chapter VII: Of Electricity by Contact" (
174:
166:
86:
55:
51:
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729:
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453:
170:
35:
937:
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3002:
2952:
2947:
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2614:
2397:
761:
641:– A skin cleansing process that softens and emulsifies hardened follicle sebum.
474:
457:
146:
97:
67:
3047:
1888:
1503:
682:
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3147:
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2453:
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2189:
717:
688:
525:
378:
178:
141:
116:
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) (also known as Faradic treatment)
74:
2937:
1928:
Catherine M. Frangie, Arlene Alpert, Margrit Attenburg, Diane Carol Bailey,
77:
discovered that electricity can make the muscle in a frog's leg twitch (see
3067:
3052:
2992:
2902:
2864:
2563:
2458:
445:
234:
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2849:
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2573:
2525:
2468:
2412:
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2315:
860:
473:
The characteristics of the treatment current include: (a) whether it is (
461:
skin. Because the effect may be pleasurable, similar devices are used in
449:
421:
360:
202:
63:
165:"Galvanism works by penetrating active substances into the subcutaneous
3112:
3107:
3027:
2977:
2972:
2907:
2764:
2594:
2535:
2422:
2275:
2199:
2188:
BABTAC, British Association of Beauty Therapy and Cosmetology website:
970:, Volume 45, Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association, Published 1885, (
700:
441:
181:, and allows the trapped fluid and fat to be dispersed and eliminated."
43:" Electrodes touch a frog, and the legs twitch into the upward position
2917:
3127:
3072:
2804:
2417:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2270:
2236:
1729:, 420 pages. Chapter 5. "Facial and Body Electrotherapy Treatments" (
350:
238:
158:
78:
40:
262:
3187:
3172:
3102:
3057:
2967:
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2714:
2578:
2568:
2540:
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2366:
2361:
2285:
2280:
2265:
2255:
2138:, 420 pages. Chapter 5. "Facial and Body Electrotherapy Treatments"
425:
340:
266:
Different waveforms are used for different micro-current treatments
2037:
Sheila Kitchen, Sarah Bazin, "Section F. Low Frequency Currents",
1991:
Sheila Kitchen, Sarah Bazin, "Section F. Low Frequency Currents",
1035:
MicroCurrent for Horses (and other vital therapies you should know
3097:
2922:
2872:
2784:
2510:
2505:
2488:
2432:
1589:"Everything you should know about microcurrent facial treatments"
226:
3092:
3082:
3032:
3007:
2987:
2859:
2599:
2530:
2498:
2290:
2120:
Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3
1823:
Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3
1451:
Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3
1418:
Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3
1273:
Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3
1071:
Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3
892:
Health and beauty therapy: a practical approach for NVQ level 3
557:
Alternating current used where current flows in both direction
429:
218:
2028:, 1991, Alexandria, VA: American Physical Therapy Association.
3182:
3132:
3122:
3037:
2814:
2729:
2699:
2694:
437:
417:
2205:
2794:
242:
230:
154:
59:
2098:
Professional Beauty Therapy: The Official Guide to Level 3
1385:
Professional Beauty Therapy: The Official Guide to Level 3
1306:
Professional Beauty Therapy: The Official Guide to Level 3
66:
in the body and micro-lifting of the face. It is based on
2147:, 4th Edition, Publisher Elsevier Health Sciences, 2000,
433:
150:
119:
Micro-current electrical neuromuscular stimulation (MENS)
2041:, edition 11, Publisher Elsevier Health Sciences, 2002,
1995:, edition 11, Publisher Elsevier Health Sciences, 2002,
807:, Publisher Ivison, Phinney, Blakeman, 1859, 323 pages (
1746:, 2nd Ed., Publisher Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2003,
644:
1 Amp = 1,000 milliAmps (mA) = 1,000,000 microAmps (ÎĽA)
404:
with doctor or aesthetician before using microcurrent.
2100:, 4th Edition, Publisher Cengage Learning EMEA, 2010,
1339:
Body treatments and dietetics for the beauty therapist
1161:
Body treatments and dietetics for the beauty therapist
861:
Jane Hiscock; Elaine Stoddart; Jeanine Connor (2004).
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
149:. The treatment works on the principle that charged
1855:
1853:
1851:
1240:
Principles and techniques for the beauty specialist
658:
List of forms of electricity named after scientists
2073:Electrotherapeutic Terminology in Physical Therapy
2026:Electrotherapeutic Terminology in Physical Therapy
985:An outline of the sciences of heat and electricity
886:
884:
827:
572:Micro-current Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation
2144:Electrotherapy explained: principles and practice
2039:Electrotherapy: evidence-based practice, Volume 1
1993:Electrotherapy: evidence-based practice, Volume 1
1915:, 496 pages. Chapter 8: "Electrical treatments" (
1874:, 496 pages. Chapter 8: "Electrical treatments" (
691:(1737–1798) lends his name to the term "galvanic"
3240:
1887:F-903 Micro Current Machine User Guide, page 5 (
1848:
1736:
779:Microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulator
676:(1791–1867) lends his name to the term "Faradic"
2162:, Publisher Jaypee Brothers Publishers (2008),
2115:, 496 pages. Chapter 8: "Electrical treatments"
2076:, 2000, American Physical Therapy Association,
1779:, Publisher Jaypee Brothers Publishers (2008),
1493:" at Slendertone website, retrieved 18 Nov 2011
881:
764:– the use of electricity as a medical treatment
448:(the skin's natural exfoliation) and stimulate
62:to produce several therapeutic effects such as
2024:Reference in quote to: Kloth LC, Cummings JP,
1155:
1153:
1065:
1063:
647:1,000 Hz (cycles per second) = 1 kHz
2221:
1825:, Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
1769:
1453:, Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
1420:, Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
1242:, Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 1993,
1103:
1101:
1099:
1073:, Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
894:, Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
770:(neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES))
1974:"Medical News, Thursday, August 28th 1851",
1812:, The Carlton Institute. 23 pages. (Page 21)
1680:Jeanine Connor, Sheila Godfrey, Gil Milsom,
1614:Jeanine Connor, Sheila Godfrey, Gil Milsom,
2122:Edition 3, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
1610:
1608:
1484:How it Works: Electronic Muscle Stimulation
1238:Ann Gallant, Kathy Gillott, Jackie Howard,
1150:
1060:
824:, The Carlton Institute. 23 pages. (Page 2)
785:Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
407:
2228:
2214:
1096:
412:High-frequency treatment uses low-current
157:are either attracted or repelled from the
2684:
1387:, Publisher Cengage Learning EMEA, 2007,
1308:, Publisher Cengage Learning EMEA, 2007,
208:
161:, resulting in certain chemical effects.
2118:Dawn Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright,
1821:Dawn Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright,
1802:
1651:, Edition 4, Publisher Heinemann, 2004,
1605:
1557:, Edition 4, Publisher Heinemann, 2004,
1449:Dawn Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright,
1416:Dawn Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright,
1271:Dawn Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright,
1209:, Edition 4, Publisher Heinemann, 2004,
1127:, Edition 4, Publisher Heinemann, 2004,
1069:Dawn Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright,
890:Dawn Mernagh-Ward, Jennifer Cartwright,
468:
261:
96:
34:
26:
1002:Paradigm Wars: Worldviews for a New Age
85:has been carried out by people such as
14:
3241:
1978:, Volume 2, Publisher Elsevier, 1851 (
1744:Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation
1524:, Publisher Simon and Schuster, 2010,
2683:
2209:
2141:John Low, Ann Reed, Ann Reed (SRP.),
1682:BTEC National Beauty Therapy Sciences
1616:BTEC National Beauty Therapy Sciences
1586:
1037:, Publisher Matrix Therapy Products,
742:American Physical Therapy Association
491:
126:
1932:, Publisher Cengage Learning, 2007,
539:Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
270:
199:neuromuscular electrical stimulation
188:
414:high-frequency alternating currents
24:
1341:, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 1978,
1275:, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 2004,
1163:, Publisher Nelson Thornes, 1978,
724:, so can we like-wise give to the
708:"We should not omit to state that
25:
3270:
2182:
3210:
3209:
756:Bio-electric stimulation therapy
681:
666:
436:surrounding the electrodes into
2090:
2064:
2031:
2018:
1985:
1968:
1955:
1922:
1894:
1881:
1815:
1707:
1674:
1641:
1580:
1547:
1514:
1504:"What Is Microcurrent Therapy?"
1496:
1476:
1443:
1410:
1377:
1364:
1331:
1298:
1265:
1232:
1199:
1186:
1117:
1027:
994:
106:
1963:Archives GĂ©nerales de MĂ©dicine
1004:, Publisher Frog Books, 1996,
977:
960:
951:The Medical Times and Register
943:
926:
917:
814:
797:
651:
13:
1:
2235:
2194:Galvanic Cellulite Treatments
1930:Milady's Standard Cosmetology
1684:, Publisher Heinemann, 2004,
1618:, Publisher Heinemann, 2004,
1372:Galvanic Cellulite Treatments
791:
768:Electrical muscle stimulation
551:Electrical Muscle Stimulation
484:
197:The treatment is also called
92:
1649:The beauty therapy fact file
1555:The beauty therapy fact file
1207:The beauty therapy fact file
1125:The beauty therapy fact file
720:' has given his name to the
621:
619:(100 kHz–250 kHz)
616:
613:
610:
596:
593:
588:
583:
565:
562:
559:
556:
523:
520:
517:
514:
7:
2454:Hair coloring and bleaching
934:Advances in Muscle Research
749:
325:
317:
309:
301:
293:
285:
10:
3275:
655:
81:). Subsequent research in
3205:
2690:
2679:
2628:
2587:
2551:
2441:
2390:
2354:
2243:
2160:Electrotherapy Simplified
1777:Electrotherapy Simplified
774:Erotic electrostimulation
704:, in 1851. A note reads:
463:erotic electrostimulation
213:Microcurrent treatments (
1810:Facial Electrical Manual
968:Eclectic medical journal
822:Facial Electrical Manual
726:electricity by induction
408:High-frequency treatment
122:High-frequency treatment
2928:Laura Mercier Cosmetics
2710:Anastasia Beverly Hills
2636:Cosmetic electrotherapy
2261:Botulinum toxin (Botox)
864:Beauty Therapy, Level 3
617:100,000–250,000 Hz
107:Comparison table, below
48:Cosmetic electrotherapy
18:Cosmetic electrotherapy
2893:Jeffree Star Cosmetics
2820:Daigaku Honyaku Center
722:electricity by contact
601:Facial micro-lifting.
440:, the treatment has a
305:Lymphatic stimulation
267:
209:Microcurrent treatment
102:
44:
32:
2835:Elizabeth Arden, Inc.
2740:Bath & Body Works
2685:Major cosmetic brands
2646:Cosmetics advertising
2200:Electrotherapy Museum
2158:Basanta Kumar Nanda,
1775:Basanta Kumar Nanda,
469:Treatment and current
345:Micro-current effect
281:Micro-current effect
265:
223:bio-electric currents
100:
38:
30:
3023:Neal's Yard Remedies
2661:History of cosmetics
2641:Cosmetic ingredients
1667:, Length 469 pages (
1520:Nicholas Perricone,
1357:, Length 392 pages (
1179:, Length 392 pages (
622:Conditions the skin.
579:Micro-electrotherapy
515:Direct and constant
2800:ColourPop Cosmetics
2403:Circle contact lens
2190:Galvanic Treatments
2096:Lorraine Nordmann,
1383:Lorraine Nordmann,
1304:Lorraine Nordmann,
547:Excitomotor current
58:passed through the
2651:Cosmetic packaging
2408:Eyelash extensions
1489:2011-11-24 at the
803:David Ames Wells,
736:It is noted that:
599:Softens fine lines
268:
254:Golgi tendon organ
127:Galvanic treatment
113:Galvanic treatment
103:
45:
33:
3236:
3235:
3201:
3200:
3178:Victoria's Secret
2888:Helena Rubinstein
2770:Bumble and bumble
2666:Cosmetic industry
2176:978-81-8448-261-4
2153:978-0-7506-8843-7
2136:978-0-7487-9035-7
2082:978-1-887759-88-5
2055:978-0-443-07216-1
2009:978-0-443-07216-1
1946:978-1-4180-4935-5
1839:978-0-7487-9035-7
1793:978-81-8448-261-4
1760:978-0-07-047355-3
1727:978-0-7487-9035-7
1698:978-0-435-46243-7
1665:978-0-435-45142-4
1632:978-0-435-46243-7
1571:978-0-435-45142-4
1538:978-1-4391-7734-1
1467:978-0-7487-9035-7
1434:978-0-7487-9035-7
1401:978-1-84480-696-6
1355:978-0-85950-401-0
1322:978-1-84480-696-6
1289:978-0-7487-9035-7
1256:978-0-7487-1550-3
1223:978-0-435-45142-4
1177:978-0-85950-401-0
1141:978-0-435-45142-4
1108:Popular Mechanics
1087:978-0-7487-9035-7
1051:978-0-9790774-0-1
1018:978-1-883319-42-7
908:978-0-7487-9035-7
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524:Desincrustation.
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297:Skin sub-Surface
189:Faradic treatment
179:cellular membrane
83:electrophysiology
56:electric currents
52:beauty treatments
16:(Redirected from
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3212:
2998:Morphe Cosmetics
2963:Make Up For Ever
2780:Carol's Daughter
2681:
2680:
2559:Artificial nails
2516:Styling products
2321:Permanent makeup
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521:None (constant)
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3018:Nature Republic
2913:Kylie Cosmetics
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2610:Plastic surgery
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75:Luigi Galvani
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64:muscle toning
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3068:Paula Begoun
2993:Molton Brown
2983:Merle Norman
2903:Kevyn Aucoin
2865:Fenty Beauty
2840:Estée Lauder
2705:Amorepacific
2635:
2159:
2155:. 564 pages.
2142:
2119:
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2091:Bibliography
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1596:. Retrieved
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745:literature".
735:
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611:Alternating
606:
597:Skin-toning
591:(microAmps)
578:
571:
560:Up to 80 mA
550:
546:
542:
538:
532:
512:(galvanism)
509:
472:
446:desquamation
411:
402:
398:
390:
370:Rectangular
355:Superficial
329:Deep facial
326:0.8 Hz
313:Circulation
302:300 Hz
294:500 Hz
286:600 Hz
258:
251:
247:
219:micro-ampere
212:
196:
192:
184:
140:
136:
132:
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104:
72:
47:
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3193:Yves Rocher
3168:Urban Decay
3163:Uoma Beauty
3153:Ulta Beauty
3048:O Boticário
2933:Lise Watier
2850:Etude House
2775:Burt's Bees
2760:Bobbi Brown
2755:Bite Beauty
2656:Cosmetology
2574:Nail polish
2449:Conditioner
2413:Eyelid glue
2316:Moisturizer
2306:Highlighter
2178:. 548 pages
710:Dr Duchenne
652:Terminology
479:alternating
422:ultraviolet
318:10 Hz
310:20 Hz
203:Slendertone
3243:Categories
3214:Categories
3113:SimplySiti
3108:Shu Uemura
3028:Neutrogena
2978:Maybelline
2973:Max Factor
2943:L'Occitane
2883:Hard Candy
2765:Bonne Bell
2595:Cold cream
2423:Eye shadow
2301:Foundation
2276:Cotton pad
2084:, 60 pages
2070:See also:
1976:The Lancet
1965:, May 1851
1598:2023-11-09
1587:Jelena R.
792:References
701:The Lancet
656:See also:
504:Therapies
501:Frequency
492:Treatment
485:Comparison
442:germicidal
278:Frequency
159:electrodes
93:Treatments
3254:Skin care
3249:Cosmetics
3218:Companies
3158:Ultima II
3128:Skin Food
3078:Red Earth
2805:CoverGirl
2494:threading
2418:Eye liner
2271:Concealer
2237:Cosmetics
1510:. NuFACE.
589:300-500ÎĽA
586:(pulsed)
426:infra-red
239:cellulite
175:lymphatic
133:galvanism
79:galvanism
41:Galvanism
3188:Younique
3173:Vaseline
3103:Shiseido
3058:Oriflame
2968:Mary Kay
2878:Guerlain
2825:Dermacol
2810:Creme 21
2790:Clinique
2750:Biotherm
2725:Artistry
2720:Aqua Net
2715:Anna Sui
2579:Pedicure
2569:Manicure
2484:plucking
2469:electric
2464:chemical
2362:Lipstick
2286:DD cream
2281:Cleanser
2266:CC cream
2256:BB cream
2059:page 242
2013:page 234
1980:page 240
1950:page 585
1917:page 291
1876:page 237
1843:page 107
1797:page 101
1764:page 774
1731:page 132
1702:page 238
1669:page 153
1636:page 197
1575:page 160
1542:page 111
1487:Archived
1471:page 132
1438:page 132
1405:page 247
1359:page 310
1326:page 256
1293:page 138
1260:page 181
1227:page 161
1194:page 332
1181:page 308
1145:page 160
1112:page 153
1091:page 108
1022:page 192
989:page 489
912:page 109
809:page 290
750:See also
714:Archives
543:Faradism
541:(NMES),
510:Galvanic
458:Sparking
379:Sawtooth
373:Lifting
365:Pumping
243:scarring
171:vascular
3228:History
3098:Sephora
3063:Origins
2938:L'Oréal
2923:Laneige
2918:LancĂ´me
2908:Kiehl's
2873:Garnier
2855:Fabergé
2830:Douglas
2785:Clarins
2745:Benefit
2629:Related
2605:Peeling
2564:Buffing
2511:Sindoor
2506:Shampoo
2489:shaving
2459:Removal
2433:Mascara
2202:website
1055:page 15
972:page 99
938:page 69
730:Faraday
718:Galvani
549:(USA),
533:Faradic
432:in the
382:(Ramp)
227:sunburn
167:tissues
153:in the
3223:People
3093:Rimmel
3083:Revlon
3073:Pond's
3033:Nexxus
3008:Natura
2988:Missha
2860:Farmec
2600:Lotion
2531:pomade
2526:mousse
2499:waxing
2331:Powder
2326:Primer
2291:Facial
2174:
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2007:
1999:
1944:
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1911:
1904:
1889:online
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1508:NuFACE
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1016:
1008:
906:
898:
871:
781:(MENS)
758:(BEST)
584:Direct
574:(MENS)
475:direct
430:oxygen
391:
361:Square
3183:Wella
3133:Stila
3123:SK-II
3038:Nivea
2869:Fresh
2815:Cutex
2730:Aveda
2700:Almay
2695:Ahava
2552:Nails
2536:spray
2474:laser
2382:Stain
2377:Liner
2372:Gloss
2341:Toner
2336:Rouge
633:Notes
553:(EMS)
450:sweat
438:ozone
418:Argon
3003:NARS
2953:Lush
2795:Coty
2735:Avon
2588:Body
2442:Hair
2428:Kohl
2391:Eyes
2367:Balm
2355:Lips
2244:Face
2172:ISBN
2164:ISBN
2149:ISBN
2132:ISBN
2124:ISBN
2109:ISBN
2102:ISBN
2078:ISBN
2051:ISBN
2043:ISBN
2005:ISBN
1997:ISBN
1942:ISBN
1934:ISBN
1909:ISBN
1902:ISBN
1868:ISBN
1861:ISBN
1835:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1789:ISBN
1781:ISBN
1756:ISBN
1748:ISBN
1723:ISBN
1715:ISBN
1694:ISBN
1686:ISBN
1661:ISBN
1653:ISBN
1628:ISBN
1620:ISBN
1593:MYSA
1567:ISBN
1559:ISBN
1534:ISBN
1526:ISBN
1463:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1430:ISBN
1422:ISBN
1397:ISBN
1389:ISBN
1351:ISBN
1343:ISBN
1318:ISBN
1310:ISBN
1285:ISBN
1277:ISBN
1252:ISBN
1244:ISBN
1219:ISBN
1211:ISBN
1173:ISBN
1165:ISBN
1137:ISBN
1129:ISBN
1083:ISBN
1075:ISBN
1047:ISBN
1039:ISBN
1014:ISBN
1006:ISBN
904:ISBN
896:ISBN
869:ISBN
614:Low
456:.
452:and
351:Sine
241:and
231:acne
215:MENS
173:and
155:skin
151:ions
60:skin
3053:OPI
2845:elf
2541:wax
2521:gel
2479:IPL
2192:| "
477:or
434:air
424:or
3245::
2170:,
2130:,
2049:,
2003:,
1940:,
1850:^
1833:,
1787:,
1754:,
1721:,
1692:,
1659:,
1626:,
1607:^
1591:.
1565:,
1532:,
1506:.
1461:,
1428:,
1395:,
1349:,
1316:,
1283:,
1250:,
1217:,
1171:,
1152:^
1135:,
1098:^
1081:,
1062:^
1045:,
1012:,
955:90
902:,
883:^
829:^
545:,
465:.
245:.
237:,
233:,
229:,
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2061:)
2015:)
1982:)
1952:)
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39:"
20:)
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