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document. With the civil code as the principal source of law, all Shariâa courts were abolished. The writing of the civil code was an attempt on the part of Al-Sanhuri to modernize
Islamic law by adopting ideas from western civil law, a concept greatly supported by the elite members of Egyptian society. Westernization meant confining certain Islamic law to mostly matters dealing with personal status such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance.
41:
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British colonization led to some shift to the common law, but the common law had little long-term impact on the legal systems of many countries that fell under
British rule where there was an existing codified system. Thus civil law, mostly of French origins, now prevails throughout the Middle East,
524:
Its author, Al-Sanhuri, stayed loyal to his vision of having judges rule in accordance with the code itself before considering using Shariâa, which had not been codified for a long time. For the first time in the modern history of the Arab Middle East, the Shariâa would be used to back up a secular
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which remains largely based on common law as it pertains to non-private matters). As a result, the modern legal systems of Middle
Eastern countries share the basic features of French law, such as relying on complete and logical statements of the law in codes as official sources of law, keeping a
516:
to deal with foreigners and national courts. This necessitated a need for a set of laws that had secular influence. When Egypt obtained the needed international agreement for the union of its legal system in 1937, it started to draw up a new series of comprehensive codes. Most of this effort was
492:(drafted by El-Sanhuri). When Sudan drafted its own civil code in 1970, it was in large part copied from the Egyptian Civil Code with slight modifications. The Saudi Civil Code, introduced in December 2023, is also modelled after the Egyptian Civil Code. Today, all
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Egypt began legal reform in 1875 when it gained independence from the
Ottoman Empire in judicial and legal matters, which led to the establishment of the
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and failing the custom, according to the principles of
Islamic Law. In the absence of these principles, the judge shall have recourse to
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The first version of
Egyptian Civil Code was written in 1949 containing 1149 articles. The prime author of the 1949 code was the jurist
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The
Egyptian Civil Code has been the source of law and inspiration for numerous other Middle Eastern jurisdictions, including pre-
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model. The code focuses on the regulation of business and commerce, and does not include any provisions regarding
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457:.â Despite this invocation of Islamic law, one commentator has argued that 1949 code reflected a "hodgepodge of
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521:. The code was originally drafted in 1942, but went through several revisions before its passage in 1949.
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619:"Between Identity And Redistribution: Sanhuri, Genealogy And The Will To Islamise » Brill Online"
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476:(both drafted by El-Sanhuri himself and a team of native jurists under his guidance), in addition to
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and the occasional remnants of common law are likely not to survive (with the exception of
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Article 1 of the code provides that, âin the absence of any applicable legislation, the
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sharp division between public and private law and between commercial and private law.
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Islamic Law, Common Law, and Civil Law: The Place of
Islamic Law in the Legal Family
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488:(1971) (these last two merely inspired by his notions), and the commercial code of
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The
Sanhuri Code, and the Emergence of Modern Arab Civil Law (1932 To 1949),
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Modern Law: Varieties in Legal
Systems in Middle Eastern Countries
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Arab nations possessing modern civil codes, with the exception of
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426:. Perhaps due to Lambert's influence, the 1949 code followed the
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686:"The Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions"
639:BĂ€lz, Amereller-Kilian; Fawzy, Farah (2023-10-30).
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641:"The New Saudi Civil Code (2023) - a Primer"
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544:Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam
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480:(completed in 1976, after his death)
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549:Application of sharia law by country
418:, who received assistance from Dean
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712:Transplants of Laws and of Lawyers
461:and sociological jurisprudence."
14:
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2135:Role of the Egyptian Armed Forces
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1992:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
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1077:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
847:Democratic Republic of the Congo
621:. Ingentaconnect.com. 2001-06-01
517:overseen by the Egyptian jurist
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2476:Identification card controversy
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1382:Khedivate and Kingdom of Egypt
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445:shall decide according to the
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2009:Twin towns and sister cities
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1521:Assassination of Anwar Sadat
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2191:Water supply and sanitation
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667:. Law.emory.edu. 2015-09-27
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2196:Water resources management
665:"Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im"
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403:is the primary source of
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1538:2011 Egyptian revolution
1479:1952 Egyptian revolution
1275:Lighthouse of Alexandria
832:Central African Republic
519:Abd El-Razzak El-Sanhuri
416:Abd El-Razzak El-Sanhuri
19:This article is part of
2066:Egyptian stock exchange
740:Egypt, Arab Republic of
2397:International rankings
1402:EgyptianâEthiopian War
2002:Terrorism and tourism
1460:1948 ArabâIsraeli War
1292:Library of Alexandria
992:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
852:Republic of the Congo
508:Historical background
2713:World Heritage Sites
2532:Units of measurement
1987:Proposed new capital
1733:Environmental issues
1494:United Arab Republic
1387:Muhammad Ali dynasty
251:World Heritage Sites
65:Ancient Egyptian art
2385:Freedom of religion
2280:Mass sexual assault
1645:Timekeeping devices
1543:2013 Rabaa massacre
1516:EgyptianâLibyan War
1067:States with limited
717:University of Texas
484:(2001), as well as
424:University of Lille
401:Egyptian Civil Code
2575:Art (contemporary)
2255:Capital punishment
2145:Telecommunications
1822:Towns and villages
1790:Qattara Depression
1603:Muslim Brotherhood
1573:Cigarette industry
1433:British occupation
1344:Crusader invasions
1314:Rashidun Caliphate
459:socialist doctrine
436:Turkish civil code
341:Telecommunications
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2580:Botanical gardens
2459:Catholic dioceses
2351:Gender inequality
2275:Human trafficking
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2140:Tallest buildings
2101:Military industry
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2016:
1958:Political parties
1911:Islamic extremism
1899:Foreign relations
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1421:French occupation
1339:Fatimid Caliphate
1334:Ikhshidid dynasty
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453:and the rules of
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2162:Cultural tourism
2061:Economic regions
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2565:Architecture
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2327:Universities
2292:Demographics
2245:Billionaires
1889:Constitution
1884:Conscription
1873:
1867:Governorates
1748:Halfaya Pass
1618:1954âpresent
1578:Constitution
1533:2010s Crisis
1445:World War II
1407:Urabi revolt
1324:Islamization
1258:31st Dynasty
1253:27th Dynasty
1142:Saint Helena
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1017:South Africa
1007:Sierra Leone
812:Burkina Faso
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690:. Retrieved
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669:. Retrieved
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648:. Retrieved
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623:. Retrieved
613:
585:
566:
560:Bibliography
554:Egyptian law
527:
523:
514:Mixed Courts
511:
468:kingdoms of
466:dictatorship
463:
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363:Egypt portal
310:
236:Human rights
221:Demographics
70:Contemporary
60:Architecture
2805:Civil codes
2795:1949 in law
2759:WikiProject
2520:Scientology
2390:LGBT rights
2312:Law schools
2096:Lighthouses
2039:Agriculture
1768:Mount Sinai
1728:Earthquakes
1528:Mubarak era
1499:Six-Day War
1489:Suez Crisis
1484:Land reform
1231:Prehistoric
1069:recognition
1022:South Sudan
912:Ivory Coast
777:Civil codes
531:Israeli law
451:natural law
97:Raqs sharqi
92:Belly dance
2784:Categories
2671:Newspapers
2661:Mass media
2513:Synagogues
2481:Irreligion
2429:Literature
2424:Liberalism
2363:Healthcare
2265:Corruption
1948:Parliament
1879:Corruption
1874:Civil Code
1817:Suez Canal
1775:Nile Delta
1660:Alexandria
1630:Population
1625:Parliament
1593:Healthcare
1474:Nasser era
1248:Achaemenid
1223:Chronology
1124:(Portugal)
1082:Somaliland
1002:Seychelles
967:Mozambique
952:Mauritania
937:Madagascar
892:The Gambia
827:Cape Verde
692:2015-11-25
671:2015-11-25
650:2024-04-10
625:2015-11-25
605:References
432:family law
296:Corruption
281:Parliament
276:Government
271:Presidency
186:Television
139:Literature
2666:Magazines
2656:Egyptians
2491:Ahmadiyya
2402:Languages
2368:Hospitals
2302:Education
2169:Transport
2128:Aswan Dam
2056:Companies
1997:Terrorism
1963:President
1926:Massacres
1916:Judiciary
1894:Elections
1763:Mountains
1692:Geography
1670:Port Said
1613:1939â1954
1608:1928â1938
1563:Anarchism
1506:Sadat era
1450:Sultanate
1397:Khedivate
1297:Christian
1265:Ptolemaic
957:Mauritius
779:of Africa
688:. Answers
405:civil law
216:Education
159:Sculpture
149:Mythology
2739:Category
2703:Olympics
2639:Football
2471:Hinduism
2439:Religion
2346:Feminism
2334:Families
2297:Diaspora
2260:Censuses
2250:Cannabis
2235:Abortion
2179:Airports
2174:Airlines
2150:Internet
1953:Passport
1931:Military
1904:Missions
1851:Politics
1832:Wildlife
1556:By topic
1469:Republic
1304:Sassanid
1148: /
1144: /
1137:(France)
1131: /
1109: /
1105: /
1057:Zimbabwe
1032:Tanzania
882:Ethiopia
877:Eswatini
857:Djibouti
822:Cameroon
807:Botswana
645:Lexology
538:See also
291:Military
261:Politics
246:Wildlife
241:Religion
211:Identity
134:Language
129:Holidays
22:a series
2769:Commons
2688:Museums
2632:regions
2600:Cuisine
2585:Castles
2557:Culture
2527:Smoking
2508:Judaism
2496:Mosques
2375:Housing
2322:Schools
2228:General
2217:Society
2157:Tourism
2086:Fishing
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2028:Economy
1753:Islands
1743:Geology
1738:Fossils
1723:Deserts
1718:Climate
1708:Borders
1654:By city
1640:Saladin
1588:Genetic
1568:Capital
1455:Kingdom
1370:Ottoman
1236:Ancient
1211:History
1133:RĂ©union
1129:Mayotte
1120:Madeira
1115:(Spain)
1111:Melilla
1042:Tunisia
1012:Somalia
997:Senegal
982:Nigeria
972:Namibia
962:Morocco
927:Liberia
922:Lesotho
872:Eritrea
842:Comoros
817:Burundi
792:Algeria
498:Lebanon
494:Mashriq
482:Bahrain
422:of the
336:Tourism
321:Economy
196:Society
169:Symbols
124:History
119:Fashion
112:Tanoura
82:Cuisine
50:Culture
2749:Portal
2590:Cinema
2444:BahĂĄÊŒĂ
2358:Health
2106:Mining
2076:Energy
1800:Rivers
1713:Cities
1635:Postal
1416:Modern
1361:Mamluk
1319:Fustat
1309:Muslim
1241:topics
1199:topics
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1135:
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1052:Zambia
1047:Uganda
987:Rwanda
942:Malawi
902:Guinea
797:Angola
596:
577:
490:Kuwait
478:Jordan
455:equity
447:custom
331:Energy
226:Health
206:People
179:Anthem
107:Tahtib
102:Baladi
77:Cinema
2693:Music
2676:Radio
2617:Films
2547:Women
2501:NiqÄb
2486:Islam
2270:Crime
2111:Mines
1827:Wadis
1785:Oases
1758:Lakes
1703:Biota
1665:Cairo
1583:Copts
1392:Nahda
1282:Roman
1197:Egypt
1107:Ceuta
1027:Sudan
977:Niger
932:Libya
917:Kenya
897:Ghana
887:Gabon
862:Egypt
802:Benin
486:Qatar
470:Libya
443:judge
409:Egypt
231:Media
164:Sport
154:Radio
144:Music
87:Dance
2627:list
2622:Flag
2610:Wine
2605:Beer
2285:Rape
1980:list
1968:list
1805:Nile
1598:Jews
1037:Togo
947:Mali
837:Chad
594:ISBN
590:1991
575:ISBN
571:2007
502:Oman
500:and
474:Iraq
472:and
407:for
399:The
174:Flag
592:),
588:, (
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311:Law
2786::
2681:TV
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