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group. 59% of the preschool group was employed, and 32% of the control group. Within the preschool group, 38% went to pursued higher education, while only 21% of the control group did. There was a 20 percentage point difference between the two groups in regards to having ever been detained or arrested (31% for the preschool group, 51% for the control).
79:. This method emphasizes the role of adults to support each child at their current developmental level and help them build upon it under a model of "shared control," where activities are both child-initiated and adult-guided. The adults working with the children see themselves more as facilitators or partners, rather than as managers or supervisors.
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James
Heckman estimates that the Perry Project saved society $ 7 to $ 12 for every $ 1 invested, mostly due to reduced crime. HighScope itself reports that for every tax dollar invested in the early care and education program, $ 7 are saved for taxpayers by the time the participant is 27 years old, $
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Heckman finds that the work with the parents was an important distinguishing component of the program, particularly because the parents stay in the children's lives beyond the program's 2-year duration. He also finds that the quality of the teachers (and consequently the expense of the program) was a
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participants in the program appear to have benefitted. According to
Heckman, "We find some very strong effects. The children of the participants are healthier. The children of the participants are also earning more. They have better social and emotional skills, are more likely to graduate high school
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has found that adults from the treatment group were "much more likely to graduate high school, much more likely to make earnings, much more likely to go on to college, much less likely to commit crime." At age 19, 67% of the preschool group graduated high school, compared to only 49% of the control
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to one of two groups: the intervention and a control group. For 2 years during the regular school year (39 weeks a year), 3-4 year old children would come to a classroom for 2 and a half hours a day. Students worked on projects where "they planned tasks, they executed tasks, and then they reviewed
454:
The High/Scope Perry
Preschool Study Through Age 40 (pp. 194–215), by Lawrence J. Schweinhart, Jeanne Montie, Zongping Xiang, W. Steven Barnett, Clive R. Belfield, & Milagros Nores, 2005, Ypsilanti, MI: High/Scope Press. © 2005 by High/Scope® Educational Research
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13 are saved for tax payers by the time the participant is 40 years old, and that there is a $ 16 total return including increased income to the participants. See also
Heckman, Moon, Pinto, Savelyev, & Yavitz (2010a, b).
322:"Educating Young Children: Active Learning Practices for Preschool and Child Care Programs [Excerpt from Educating Young Children (pages 13-41), a curriculum guide from High/Scope Educational Research Foundation]"
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the tasks collectively." The intervention also included weekly visits by the teachers to the homes of the children for about 1.5 hours per visit to improve parent-child interactions at home.
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Because the study was conducted in the 1960s, researchers have been able to follow the children who went through the Perry
Preschool Program through adulthood. Economist and Nobel laureate
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The Perry
Preschool study has been noted for its "large effects on educational attainment, income, criminal activity, and other important life outcomes, sustained well into adulthood".
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An
Economic Analysis of the Ypsilanti Perry Preschool Project,(Monographs of High/Scope Educ. Res. Found., No 5), C. U. Webber, Phillips Foster, David Weikart, 1978
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and go on to college, less likely to engage in the criminal justice system, so they're less likely to be incarcerated or even have ever been arrested."
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finds the study as a strong candidate for further research, but warns that the study was relatively small (128 subjects; 123 after dropouts).
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By the time children were 10, there wasn't much of a difference in how children in the two groups performed on tests of cognitive ability.
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604:"Analyzing Social Experiments as Implemented: A Reexamination of the Evidence from the HighScope Perry Preschool Program"
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The philosophy behind HighScope is based on child development theory and research, originally drawing on the work of
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99:. It was intended to boost the cognitive skills of 123 disadvantaged African American children with low IQs.
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critical component that allowed it to succeed in comparison with other, less expensive interventions.
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Schweinhart, L. J., Montie, J., Xiang, Z., Barnett, W. S., Belfield, C. R., & Nores, M. (2004).
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Heckman, James J.; Moon, Seong Hyeok; Pinto, Rodrigo; Savelyev, Peter A.; Yavitz, Adam (2010).
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based on the methods of the 1962 Perry
Preschool study. It was founded in 1970 by psychologist
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Significant benefits: The HighScope Perry
Preschool Study through age 27.
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297:"What's Not On The Test: The Overlooked Factors That Determine Success"
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Lifetime effects: The HighScope Perry
Preschool Study through age 40.
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212:, a children's television series modeled on the HighScope curriculum
584:"Audio news briefing on the HighScope Perry Preschool Study age 40"
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Schweinhart, L. J., Barnes, H. V., & Weikart, D. P. (1993).
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262:"Perry Preschool Project - Social Preschool Programs that Work"
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627:"The Rate of Return to the High/Scope Perry Preschool Program"
527:"The Rate of Return to the High/Scope Perry Preschool Program"
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Heckman also found multigenerational benefits of the program:
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Hohmann, M., Weikart, D., & Epstein, A. S. (2008).
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Theories and Approaches to Learning in the Early Years
63:. The curriculum was further developed to incorporate
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87:The original study was conducted from 1962-1967 in
502:"The big benefit of pre-K might not be education"
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31:The HighScope Educational Research Foundation
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346:Essentials of active learning in preschool.
656:(3rd ed.). Ypsilanti, MI: HighScope Press.
358:Miller, Linda; Pound, Linda (2010-12-10).
27:Early childhood education research project
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662:What Is the History of HighScope?
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266:Social Programs that Work
145:Social Projects that Work
43:early childhood education
654:Educating young children
465:Spring, Joel H. (2021).
416:Spring, Joel H. (2018).
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187:Compensatory Education
348:HighScope Press, 2007
320:Hohmann and Weikart.
209:Gisèle's Big Backyard
97:Charles Eugene Beatty
41:) studies methods of
198:Head Start (program)
203:Universal preschool
89:Ypsilanti, Michigan
589:2013-05-21 at the
468:American education
419:American education
151:Cost-effectiveness
478:978-0-367-55140-7
433:978-1-138-08723-1
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647:References
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511:2019-06-04
487:1227865090
402:2019-06-04
306:2019-06-04
271:2019-06-04
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61:John Dewey
39:High/Scope
33:(known as
18:High/Scope
720:Curricula
442:982653058
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