Jack the Ripper - Knowledge

1726: 1592: 1490: 1842: 650: 378: 997: 60: 763: 1307: 1182: 1220:. They patrolled the streets looking for suspicious characters, partly because of dissatisfaction with the failure of police to apprehend the perpetrator, and also because some members were concerned that the murders were affecting businesses in the area. The Committee petitioned the government to raise a reward for information leading to the arrest of the killer, offered their own reward of £50 (the equivalent of between £5,900 and £86,000 in 2021) for information leading to his capture, and hired private detectives to question witnesses independently. 1482:) ears off" gained attention. Eddowes's ear appears to have been nicked by the killer incidentally during his attack, and the letter writer's threat to send the ears to the police was never carried out. The name "Jack the Ripper" was first used in this letter by the signatory and gained worldwide notoriety after its publication. Most of the letters that followed copied this letter's tone, with some authors adopting pseudonyms such as "George of the High Rip Gang" and "Jack Sheridan, the Ripper." Some sources claim that another letter dated 266: 7848: 6775: 501:, and the closeness of the location and date to the later canonical Ripper murders led police to link this murder to those later committed by Jack the Ripper. However, this murder differs from the later canonical murders because although Tabram had been repeatedly stabbed, she had not suffered any slash wounds to her throat or abdomen. Many experts do not connect Tabram's murder with the later murders because of this difference in the wound pattern. 892: 1093:. A large team of policemen conducted house-to-house inquiries throughout Whitechapel. Forensic material was collected and examined. Suspects were identified, traced, and either examined more closely or eliminated from the inquiry. Modern police work follows the same pattern. More than 2,000 people were interviewed, "upwards of 300" people were investigated, and 80 people were detained. Following the murders of Stride and Eddowes, the 6330: 1856: 1170:, indicates that the alibis of local butchers and slaughterers were investigated, with the result that they were eliminated from the inquiry. A report from Inspector Swanson to the Home Office confirms that 76 butchers and slaughterers were visited, and that the inquiry encompassed all their employees for the previous six months. Some contemporaneous figures, including 1058:. Her body was found with a large tear through her groin area and superficial cuts on her legs and back. No organs were removed from the scene, though an ovary was found upon the bed, either purposely removed or unintentionally dislodged. At the time, the murder was compared to those in Whitechapel, though the Metropolitan Police eventually ruled out any connection. 1032:. Gill had been missing since 27 December. His legs had been severed, his abdomen opened, his intestines partly drawn out, and his heart and one ear removed. Similarities with the Ripper murders led to press speculation that the Ripper had killed him. The boy's employer, 23-year-old milkman William Barrett, was twice arrested for the murder but was released due to 564: 672:, three-quarters of an hour after the discovery of the body of Elizabeth Stride. Her throat was severed from ear to ear and her abdomen ripped open by a long, deep and jagged wound before her intestines had been placed over her right shoulder, with a section of the intestine being completely detached and placed between her body and left arm. 194:. Their throats were cut prior to abdominal mutilations. The removal of internal organs from at least three of the victims led to speculation that their killer had some anatomical or surgical knowledge. Rumours that the murders were connected intensified in September and October 1888, and numerous letters were received by media outlets and 560:. Her vagina had been stabbed twice, and the lower part of her abdomen was partly ripped open by a deep, jagged wound, causing her bowels to protrude. Several other incisions inflicted to both sides of her abdomen had also been caused by the same knife; each of these wounds had been inflicted in a downward thrusting manner. 1785:. The Ripper appears in novels, short stories, poems, comic books, games, songs, plays, operas, television programmes, and films. More than 100 non-fiction works deal exclusively with the Jack the Ripper murders, making this case one of the most written-about in the true-crime genre. The term "ripperology" was coined by 1067: 703:

had passed by a narrow walkway to Mitre Square named Church Passage with two friends shortly before the murder; he later described seeing a fair-haired man of medium build with a shabby appearance with a woman who may have been Eddowes. Lawende's companions were unable to confirm his description. The

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1887 "after a stake had been thrust through her abdomen", but there were no recorded murders in Whitechapel at or around Christmas 1887. "Fairy Fay" seems to have been created through a confused press report of the murder of Emma Elizabeth Smith, who had a stick or other blunt object shoved into her

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In addition to the eleven Whitechapel murders, commentators have linked other attacks to the Ripper. In the case of "Fairy Fay", it is unclear whether this attack was real or fabricated as a part of Ripper lore. "Fairy Fay" was a nickname given to an unidentified woman whose body was allegedly found

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Each of the canonical five murders was perpetrated at night, on or close to a weekend, either at the end of a month or a week (or so) after. The mutilations became increasingly severe as the series of murders proceeded, except for that of Stride, whose attacker may have been interrupted. Nichols was

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1888 and was received the same day by the Central News Agency. The handwriting was similar to the "Dear Boss" letter, and mentioned the canonical murders committed on 30 September, which the author refers to by writing "double event this time". It has been argued that the postcard was posted before

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who ventured into Whitechapel from a more well-to-do area. Such theories draw on cultural perceptions such as fear of the medical profession, a mistrust of modern science, or the exploitation of the poor by the rich. The term "Ripperology" was coined to describe the study and analysis of the Ripper

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before terminating beneath her right jaw. The absence of any further mutilations to her body has led to uncertainty as to whether Stride's murder was committed by the Ripper, or whether he was interrupted during the attack. Several witnesses later informed police they had seen Stride in the company

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Bond was strongly opposed to the idea that the murderer possessed any kind of scientific or anatomical knowledge, or even "the technical knowledge of a butcher or horse slaughterer". In his opinion, the killer must have been a man of solitary habits, subject to "periodical attacks of homicidal and

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on 13 February 1891, PC Ernest Thompson discovered a 25-year-old prostitute named Frances Coles lying beneath a railway arch at Swallow Gardens, Whitechapel. Her throat had been deeply cut but her body was not mutilated, leading some to believe Thompson had disturbed her assailant. Coles was still

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reported: "Whatever information may be in the possession of the police they deem it necessary to keep secret ... It is believed their attention is particularly directed to ... a notorious character known as 'Leather Apron'." Journalists were frustrated by the unwillingness of the CID to

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implied scathingly that the letter was written by a journalist "to hurl the circulation of a newspaper sky high". Police officials later claimed to have identified a specific journalist as the author of both the "Dear Boss" letter and the postcard. The journalist was identified as Tom Bullen in a

834:, linked only three of the murders and thought that the others were perpetrated by "weak-minded individual ... induced to emulate the crime". Macnaghten did not join the police force until the year after the murders, and his memorandum contains serious factual errors about possible suspects. 217:

and came with half of a preserved human kidney, purportedly taken from one of the victims. The public came increasingly to believe in the existence of a single serial killer known as Jack the Ripper, mainly because of both the extraordinarily brutal nature of the murders and media coverage of the

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on 11 September, and the left leg was subsequently discovered buried near where the torso was found on 17 October. The other limbs and head were never recovered and the body was never identified. The mutilations were similar to those in the Pinchin Street torso case, where the legs and head were

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argue that the canonical five is a "Ripper myth" and that three cases (Nichols, Chapman, and Eddowes) can be definitely linked to the same perpetrator, but that less certainty exists as to whether Stride and Kelly were also murdered by the same individual. Conversely, others suppose that the six

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1891, were included in a Metropolitan Police investigation and were known collectively in the police docket as the "Whitechapel murders". Opinions vary as to whether these murders should be linked to the same culprit, but five of the eleven Whitechapel murders, known as the "canonical five", are

876:. One of the examining pathologists, Thomas Bond, believed this to be a Ripper murder, though his colleague George Bagster Phillips, who had examined the bodies of three previous victims, disagreed. Opinions among writers are also divided between those who suspect McKenzie's murderer copied the 1751:

In the immediate aftermath of the murders and later, "Jack the Ripper became the children's bogey man." Depictions were often phantasmic or monstrous. In the 1920s and 1930s, he was depicted in film dressed in everyday clothes as a man with a hidden secret, preying on his unsuspecting victims;

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1889. Bruising about the victim's back, hip, and arm indicated the decedent had been extensively beaten shortly before her death. The victim's abdomen was also extensively mutilated, although her genitals had not been wounded. She appeared to have been killed approximately one day prior to the

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The left kidney and the major part of Eddowes's uterus had been removed, and her face had been disfigured, with her nose severed, her cheek slashed, and cuts measuring a quarter of an inch and a half an inch respectively vertically incised through each of her eyelids. A triangular incision—the

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All five murders no doubt were committed by the same hand. In the first four the throats appear to have been cut from left to right, in the last case owing to the extensive mutilation it is impossible to say in what direction the fatal cut was made, but arterial blood was found on the wall in

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The nature of the Ripper murders and the impoverished lifestyle of the victims drew attention to the poor living conditions in the East End and galvanised public opinion against the overcrowded, insanitary slums. In the two decades after the murders, the worst of the slums were cleared and

1527:). Eddowes's left kidney had been removed by the killer. The writer claimed that he "fried and ate" the missing kidney half. There is disagreement over the kidney; some contend that it belonged to Eddowes, while others argue that it was a macabre practical joke. The kidney was examined by 912:, had earlier been seen drinking with Coles, and the two are known to have argued approximately three hours before her death. Sadler was arrested by the police and charged with her murder. He was briefly thought to be the Ripper, but was later discharged from court for lack of evidence on 1323:

The concentration of the killings around weekends and public holidays and within a short distance of each other has indicated to many that the Ripper was in regular employment and lived locally. Others have opined that the killer was an educated upper-class man, possibly a doctor or an

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Over the course of the Whitechapel murders, the police, newspapers, and other individuals received hundreds of letters regarding the case. Some letters were well-intentioned offers of advice as to how to catch the killer, but the vast majority were either hoaxes or generally useless.

205:" written by an individual claiming to be the murderer, which was disseminated in the press. The letter is widely believed to have been a hoax and may have been written by journalists to heighten interest in the story and increase their newspapers' circulation. Another letter, the " 1360:

There are many, varied theories about the actual identity and profession of Jack the Ripper, but authorities are not agreed upon any of them, and the number of named suspects reaches over one hundred. Despite continued interest in the case, the Ripper's identity remains unknown.

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which made the Ripper the beneficiary of previously unparalleled publicity. Consequently, at the height of the investigation, over one million copies of newspapers with extensive coverage devoted to the Whitechapel murders were sold each day. However, many of the articles were

1669:, a local Jew who made footwear from leather, was known by the name "Leather Apron" and was arrested, even though the investigating inspector reported that "at present there is no evidence whatsoever against him". He was soon released after the confirmation of his alibis. 1665:

reveal details of their investigation to the public, and so resorted to writing reports of questionable veracity. Imaginative descriptions of "Leather Apron" appeared in the press, but rival journalists dismissed these as "a mythical outgrowth of the reporter's fancy".

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or Jews in general were responsible for the series of murders, but it is unclear whether the graffito was written by the murderer on dropping the section of apron, or was merely incidental and nothing to do with the case. Such graffiti were commonplace in Whitechapel.

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1888. She had received a superficial cut to her throat. Although an unknown man with blood on his mouth and hands had run out of this lodging house, shouting, "Look at what she has done!" before two eyewitnesses heard Farmer scream, her wound was light, and possibly

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would hold such knowledge of the crime. However, it was postmarked more than 24 hours after the killings occurred, long after details of the murders were known and publicised by journalists, and had become general community gossip by the residents of Whitechapel.

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of a man in or close to Berner Street on the evening of 29 September and in the early hours of 30 September, but each gave differing descriptions: some said that her companion was fair, others dark; some said that he was shabbily dressed, others well-dressed.

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of the Torso killer differed from that of the Ripper, and police at the time discounted any connection between the two. Only one of the four victims linked to the Torso killer, Elizabeth Jackson, was ever identified. Jackson was a 24-year-old prostitute from

249:—are known as the "canonical five" and their murders between 31 August and 9 November 1888 are often considered the most likely to be linked. The murders were never solved, and the legends surrounding these crimes became a combination of historical research, 548:), Whitechapel. Nichols had last been seen alive approximately one hour before the discovery of her body by a Mrs. Emily Holland, with whom she had previously shared a bed at a common lodging-house in Thrawl Street, Spitalfields, walking in the direction of 1228:

At the end of October, Robert Anderson asked police surgeon Thomas Bond to give his opinion on the extent of the murderer's surgical skill and knowledge. The opinion offered by Bond on the character of the "Whitechapel murderer" is the earliest surviving

591:, Spitalfields. As in the case of Nichols, the throat was severed by two deep cuts. Her abdomen had been cut entirely open, with a section of the flesh from her stomach being placed upon her left shoulder and another section of skin and flesh—plus her 1672:

After the publication of the "Dear Boss" letter, "Jack the Ripper" supplanted "Leather Apron" as the name adopted by the press and public to describe the killer. The name "Jack" was already used to describe another fabled London attacker:

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Multiple ashes found within the fireplace at 13 Miller's Court suggested Kelly's murderer had burned several combustible items to illuminate the single room as he mutilated her body. A recent fire had been severe enough to melt the

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Some researchers have posited that some of the murders were undoubtedly the work of a single killer, but an unknown larger number of killers acting independently were responsible for the other crimes. Authors Stewart P. Evans and

1254:". Bond also stated that "the homicidal impulse may have developed from a revengeful or brooding condition of the mind, or that religious mania may have been the original disease but I do not think either hypothesis is likely". 746:

1888. Her face had been "hacked beyond all recognition", with her throat severed down to the spine, and the abdomen almost emptied of its organs. Her uterus, kidneys and one breast had been placed beneath her head, and other

475:. Smith stated that she had been attacked by two or three men, one of whom she described as a teenager. This attack was linked to the later murders by the press, but most authors attribute Smith's murder to general East End 1336:

Suspects proposed years after the murders include virtually anyone remotely connected to the case by contemporaneous documents, as well as many famous names who were never considered in the police investigation, including

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atmosphere and evil were suggested through lighting effects and shadowplay. By the 1960s, the Ripper had become "the symbol of a predatory aristocracy", and was more often portrayed in a top hat dressed as a gentleman.

1349:. Everyone alive at the time is now long dead, and modern authors are free to accuse anyone "without any need for any supporting historical evidence". Suspects named in contemporaneous police documents include three in 1522:

1888. The handwriting and style is unlike that of the "Dear Boss" letter and "Saucy Jacky" postcard. The letter came with a small box in which Lusk discovered half of a human kidney, preserved in "spirits of wine"

3811: 1677:", who supposedly leapt over walls to strike at his victims and escape as quickly as he came. The invention and adoption of a nickname for a particular killer became standard media practice with examples such as 1740:

demolished, but the streets and some buildings survive, and the legend of the Ripper is still promoted by various guided tours of the murder sites and other locations pertaining to the case. For many years, the

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Tax reforms in the 1850s had enabled the publication of inexpensive newspapers with a wider circulation. These mushroomed in the later Victorian era to include mass-circulation newspapers costing as little as a

1478:. Initially, it was considered a hoax, but when Eddowes was found three days after the letter's postmark with a section of one ear obliquely cut from her body, the promise of the author to "clip the ladys ( 1012:", committed by a single serial killer dubbed the "Torso killer". It is debatable whether Jack the Ripper and the "Torso killer" were the same person or separate serial killers active in the same area. The 5818: 806:(CID), wrote a report that stated: "the Whitechapel murderer had 5 victims—& 5 victims only". Similarly, the canonical five victims were linked together in a letter written by police surgeon 4444: 1265:

positions with the wounds exposed" indicates that the perpetrator derived sexual pleasure from the attacks. This view is challenged by others, who dismiss such hypotheses as insupportable supposition.

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Historically, the belief these five canonical murders were committed by the same perpetrator is derived from contemporaneous documents which link them together to the exclusion of others. In 1894, Sir

6320: 1717:. Sensational press reports combined with the fact that no one was ever convicted of the murders have confused scholarly analysis and created a legend that casts a shadow over later serial killers. 1535:, who determined that it was human and from the left side, but (contrary to false newspaper reports) he could not determine any other biological characteristics. Openshaw subsequently also received 1174:, thought the pattern of the murders indicated that the culprit was a butcher or cattle drover on one of the cattle boats that plied between London and mainland Europe. Whitechapel was close to the 846:, or emigration. The Whitechapel murders file details another four murders that occurred after the canonical five: those of Rose Mylett, Alice McKenzie, the Pinchin Street torso, and Frances Coles. 865:

or committed suicide. However, faint markings left by a cord on one side of her neck suggested Mylett had been strangled. At the inquest into Mylett's death, the jury returned a verdict of murder.

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not missing any organs; Chapman's uterus and sections of her bladder and vagina were taken; Eddowes had her uterus and left kidney removed and her face mutilated; and Kelly's body was extensively

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Kershen, Anne J., "The Immigrant Community of Whitechapel at the Time of the Jack the Ripper Murders", in Werner, pp. 65–97; Vaughan, Laura, "Mapping the East End Labyrinth", in Werner, p. 225

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on extant letters is inconclusive; the available material has been handled many times and is too contaminated to provide meaningful results. There have been mutually incompatible claims that

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The large number of attacks against women in the East End during this time adds uncertainty to how many victims were murdered by the same individual. Eleven separate murders, stretching from

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in the East End became increasingly overcrowded, with the population increasing to approximately 80,000 inhabitants by 1888. Work and housing conditions worsened, and a significant economic

883:"The Pinchin Street torso" was a decomposing headless and legless torso of an unidentified woman aged between 30 and 40 discovered beneath a railway arch in Pinchin Street, Whitechapel, on 1756:

as a whole became the villain, with the Ripper acting as a manifestation of upper-class exploitation. The image of the Ripper merged with or borrowed symbols from horror stories, such as

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Another suspected precanonical victim was a young dressmaker named Ada Wilson, who reportedly survived being stabbed twice in the neck with a clasp knife upon the doorstep of her home in

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to the throat, followed by extensive abdominal and genital-area mutilation, the removal of internal organs, and progressive facial mutilations as the distinctive features of the Ripper's

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1888) criticising the police's alleged incompetence. The failure of the police to capture the killer reinforced the attitude held by radicals that the police were inept and mismanaged.

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1888 by a man who had demanded money from her. A further possible victim, 40-year-old Annie Farmer, resided at the same lodging house as Martha Tabram and reported an attack on

2013: 486:, stomach, and abdomen, with additional knife wounds inflicted to her breasts and vagina. All but one of Tabram's wounds had been inflicted with a bladed instrument such as a 1166:

Butchers, slaughterers, surgeons, and physicians were suspected because of the manner of the mutilations. A surviving note from Major Henry Smith, Acting Commissioner of the

2188:; Weis, Joseph G.; Brown, Katherine M.; Welch, Kristen (2005), "The Jack the Ripper murders: a modus operandi and signature analysis of the 1888–1891 Whitechapel murders", 1241:

All the circumstances surrounding the murders lead me to form the opinion that the women must have been lying down when murdered and in every case the throat was first cut.

1233:. Bond's assessment was based on his own examination of the most extensively mutilated victim and the post mortem notes from the four previous canonical murders. He wrote: 363:. Such perceptions were strengthened in 1888 when the series of vicious and grotesque murders attributed to "Jack the Ripper" received unprecedented coverage in the media. 711:

A chalk inscription upon the wall directly above this piece of apron read: "The Juwes are The men That Will not be Blamed for nothing." This graffito became known as the

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had been severed. Several minor bruises and cuts were found on her body, which also bore a seven-inch long superficial wound extending from her left breast to her

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and speculative, and false information was regularly printed as fact. In addition, several articles speculating as to the identity of the Ripper alluded to local

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Mary Jane Kelly is generally considered to be the Ripper's final victim, and it is assumed that the crimes ended because of the culprit's death, imprisonment,

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Tabram was murdered on a staircase landing in George Yard, Whitechapel, on 7 August 1888; she had suffered 39 stab wounds to her throat, lungs, heart, liver,

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Extensive newspaper coverage bestowed widespread and enduring international notoriety on the Ripper, and the legend solidified. A police investigation into a

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In addition to the contradictions and unreliability of contemporaneous accounts, attempts to identify the murderer are hampered by the lack of any surviving

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from her body placed beside her foot, about the bed and sections of her abdomen and thighs upon a bedside table. The heart was missing from the crime scene.

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Alice McKenzie was murdered shortly after midnight on 17 July 1889 in Castle Alley, Whitechapel. She had suffered two stab wounds to her neck, and her left

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Thomas Bond "notes of examination of body of woman found murdered & mutilated in Dorset Street" MEPO 3/3153 ff. 12–14, quoted in Sugden, pp. 315, 319

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1888 was the first to use the name "Jack the Ripper", but most experts believe that this was a fake inserted into police records in the 20th century.

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A 38-year-old widow named Annie Millwood was admitted to the Whitechapel Workhouse Infirmary with numerous stab wounds to her legs and lower torso on

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discovery of her torso. The dismembered sections of the body are believed to have been transported to the railway arch, hidden under an old chemise.

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to assist. The City of London Police were involved under Detective Inspector James McWilliam after the Eddowes murder, which occurred within the

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district of London, England, in 1888. In both criminal case files and the contemporaneous journalistic accounts, the killer was also called the

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Medical report in Coroner's Inquests, no. 135, Corporation of London Records, quoted in Evans and Skinner, pp. 205–207 and Fido, pp. 70–74

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1888. There was no sign of a struggle, and the police believed that she had either accidentally hanged herself with her collar while in a

7909: 7334: 6622: 3912: 1725: 945:. Millwood was later postulated to be the Ripper's first victim, although this attack cannot be definitively linked to the perpetrator. 5183: 4929: 637:) in Whitechapel. The cause of death was a single clear-cut incision, measuring six inches across her neck which had severed her left 6456: 5718: 5694: 6397: 4138: 7075: 6520: 5701: 2510: 1729:

The 'Nemesis of Neglect': Jack the Ripper depicted as a phantom stalking Whitechapel, and as an embodiment of social neglect, in a

1546:, in the ultimately vain hope that a member of the public would recognise the handwriting. Charles Warren explained in a letter to 1427: 1156: 721: 5849: 5298: 7884: 5534: 5478:

Report by Inspector Joseph Helson, CID 'J' Division, in the Metropolitan Police archive, MEPO 3/140 ff. 235–238, quoted in Begg,

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developed. Fifty-five per cent of children born in the East End died before they were five years old. Robbery, violence, and

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Attacks ascribed to Jack the Ripper typically involved women working as prostitutes who lived and worked in the slums of the

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Hundreds of letters claimed to have been written by the killer himself, and three of these in particular are prominent: the

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and protestors. Similar protests occurred in 2021 when the second of two "Jack The Chipper" fish and chip shops opened in

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whose various body parts were collected from the River Thames over a three-week period between 31 May and 25 June 1889.

622:" appearance. According to this eyewitness, the man had asked Chapman, "Will you?" to which Chapman had replied, "Yes." 5749: 5003: 2233: 1884: 490:, and with one possible exception, all the wounds had been inflicted by a right-handed individual. Tabram had not been 5044:

1888, Metropolitan Police Archive MEPO 1/48, quoted in Cook, p. 78; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 140 and Evans and Skinner,

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1888. She had been bludgeoned about the face and received a cut to her ear. A blunt object was also inserted into her

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The Ripper murders mark an important watershed in the treatment of crime by journalists. Jack the Ripper was not the

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body of Mary Jane Kelly was discovered lying on the bed in the single room where she lived at 13 Miller's Court, off

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had written the letters signed "Jack the Ripper" to heighten interest in the murders and "keep the business alive".

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A section of Eddowes's bloodied apron was found at the entrance to a tenement in Goulston Street, Whitechapel, at

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and works which straddle the boundaries between fact and fiction, including the Ripper letters and a hoax diary:

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of her neck being severed to the bone, although the heart was the sole body organ missing from this crime scene.

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into Chapman's murder, Elizabeth Long described having seen Chapman standing outside 29 Hanbury Street at about

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Both the Whitehall Mystery and the Pinchin Street case may have been part of a series of murders known as the "

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upon Eddowes's body stated his opinion these mutilations would have taken "at least five minutes" to complete.

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and her murderer walked to the yard where her body was discovered is beneath the numerals of the property sign.

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between 1888 and 1891 was unable to connect all the killings conclusively to the murders of 1888. Five victims—

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Dennis, Richard, "Common Lodgings and 'Furnished Rooms': Housing in 1880s Whitechapel", in Werner, pp. 177–179

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of 20 October 1888 said that around 700 letters had been investigated by police (quoted in Evans and Skinner,

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of Jack the Ripper to deflect suspicion from himself, and those who ascribe this murder to Jack the Ripper.

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murders between Tabram and Kelly were the work of a single killer. Percy Clark, assistant to the examining

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and 1,200 women working as prostitutes in Whitechapel, with approximately 8,500 people residing in the 233

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of which pointed towards Eddowes's eye—had also been carved upon each of her cheeks, and a section of the

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feared that the graffito might spark antisemitic riots and ordered the writing washed away before dawn.

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Wolf, Gunter (2008), "A kidney from hell? A nephrological view of the Whitechapel murders in 1888",

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Frances Coles was found with her throat cut under a railway arch in Whitechapel on 13 February 1891.

7874: 7498: 7142: 6779: 6750: 6673: 6601: 6442: 6335: 4358: 1769: 1741: 1528: 1301: 1152: 1047: 712: 333: 4650:, p. 199). Over 300 are preserved at the Corporation of London Records Office (Evans and Skinner, 2962: 2733: 2046:, p. 1; Police report dated 25 October 1888, MEPO 3/141 ff. 158–163, quoted in Evans and Skinner, 1261:

suppose that the penetration of the victims with a knife and "leaving them on display in sexually

7879: 7784: 7752: 7592: 7490: 7326: 7241: 7217: 6987: 6931: 6606: 2337: 1776: 1660: 1597: 1413: 1354: 1269: 869: 831: 780: 510: 6407: 1764:'s organ harvest. The fictional world of the Ripper can fuse with multiple genres, ranging from 7284: 7182: 7161: 7091: 6923: 6915: 6755: 6699: 6632: 6429: 3580: 1815: 1686: 1289: 115: 4808: 3804:"Scotland Yard is Built on a Crime Scene Related to an Unsolved Murder: The Whitehall Mystery" 3497: 1789:

in the 1970s to describe the study of the case by professionals and amateurs. The periodicals

1104:

The investigation was initially conducted by the Metropolitan Police Whitechapel (H) Division

7744: 7260: 7067: 7035: 1532: 1257:

There is no evidence the perpetrator engaged in sexual activity with any of the victims, yet

1167: 1078: 1033: 977: 625:

Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes were both killed in the early morning hours of Sunday

595:—being removed and placed above her right shoulder. Chapman's autopsy also revealed that her 4437:"Jack the Ripper: Has Notorious Serial Killer's Identity Been Revealed by New DNA Evidence?" 2506: 2094:

Marriott, John, "The Imaginative Geography of the Whitechapel murders", in Werner, pp. 31–63

7939: 7658: 7474: 7466: 6874: 6658: 6525: 6401: 6350: 5568:

Cook, pp. 139–141; Vaughan, Laura, "Mapping the East End Labyrinth", in Werner, pp. 236–237

5294: 5128: 1577:

1913. A journalist named Fred Best reportedly confessed in 1931 that he and a colleague at

1449: 1390: 1338: 1310:

Speculation as to the identity of Jack the Ripper: cover of the 21 September 1889 issue of

1121: 1029: 1009: 962: 862: 843: 433: 344: 325: 270: 5726: 3968:

part one No. 16 (July 2003); part two No. 17 (January 2004), part three No. 19 (July 2004

8: 7736: 7522: 7410: 7209: 7175: 6971: 6760: 6570: 6545: 6515: 4575: 1761: 1350: 1186: 1113: 1086: 1071: 1043: 909: 905: 791: 372: 352: 222: 39: 5698: 5520:

Marriott, John, "The Imaginative Geography of the Whitechapel murders", in Werner, p. 54

4197:

Marriott, John, "The Imaginative Geography of the Whitechapel murders", in Werner, p. 48

941:

by an unknown man. She was later discharged, but died from apparently natural causes on

7697: 7624: 7369: 7268: 7233: 6840: 6586: 4891: 1674: 1559: 1547: 1230: 1213: 996: 984:. An arm and shoulder belonging to the body were previously discovered floating in the 689: 306: 282: 191: 6380: 5530: 1028:

1888, the body of a seven-year-old boy named John Gill was found in a stable block in

7672: 7514: 7350: 7168: 6963: 6484: 6286: 6268: 6251: 6237: 6223: 6209: 6195: 6181: 6164: 6150: 6136: 6122: 6108: 6094: 6080: 6066: 6058: 6049: 6035: 6021: 6004: 5990: 5972: 5954: 5940: 5926: 5912: 5898: 5884: 5792: 5222: 4975: 4580: 4496: 4260: 4027: 3969: 3895: 3840: 3685: 3616: 3546: 3436: 3287: 3268: 3016: 2893: 2793: 2774: 2681: 2632: 2591: 2463: 2417: 2398: 2207: 2014:"Jack the Ripper: Why Does a Serial Killer Who Disembowelled Women Deserve a Museum?" 1930: 1827: 1753: 1706: 1609: 1081:

files relating to their investigation into the Whitechapel murders were destroyed in

1001: 969: 681: 654: 526: 377: 329: 242: 3240: 3215:"The Whitechapel Murders: The Belief that the Perpetrator of the Crimes is Now Dead" 1353:'s 1894 memorandum, but the evidence against each of these individuals is, at best, 265: 7651: 7506: 7126: 7059: 7011: 6955: 6939: 6869: 6864: 6663: 6653: 6499: 6494: 4965: 4635: 2197: 2185: 1731: 1714: 1682: 1602: 1570: 1494: 1453: 1445: 1395: 1385: 1325: 1292:

used to advance both of these claims by their proponents has also been criticised.

1191: 784: 634: 553: 552:. Her throat was severed by two deep cuts, one of which completely severed all the 549: 522: 514: 423: 238: 230: 206: 202: 5179: 2679:

Naming Jack the Ripper: New Crime Scene Evidence, A Stunning Forensic Breakthrough

759:

between a kettle and its spout, which had fallen into the grate of the fireplace.

7792: 7426: 7394: 7342: 6891: 6637: 6489: 5964: 5753: 5705: 5007: 4544: 4408: 4404: 3865: 3359: 2348: 2307: 1983: 1765: 1710: 1702: 1579: 1542:

Scotland Yard published facsimiles of the "Dear Boss" letter and the postcard on

1536: 1312: 1273: 1018: 823: 795: 767: 748: 677: 600: 592: 530: 472: 246: 6425: 3772: 2810: 1694: 7027: 6704: 6689: 6627: 6565: 6560: 6278: 4859:

Cook, pp. 79–80; Fido, pp. 8–9; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219–222; Rumbelow, p. 123

4047: 3333: 1861: 1648: 1564: 1507: 1342: 1317: 1285: 1171: 1160: 1151:, during the time when Chapman, Stride, and Eddowes were killed. This prompted 1129: 854: 731: 724: 700: 669: 638: 588: 568: 545: 444: 428: 390: 340: 294: 278: 5658:

Bloom, Clive, "Jack the Ripper – A Legacy in Pictures", in Werner, pp. 255–260

5649:

Bloom, Clive, "Jack the Ripper – A Legacy in Pictures", in Werner, pp. 252–253

5105: 4091: 2341: 2103:

Haggard, Robert F. (1993), "Jack the Ripper As the Threat of Outcast London",

7868: 7600: 7538: 7482: 7418: 7051: 7043: 6791: 6540: 6479: 5982: 5796: 5508: 4280:

Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1270 to Present

4023: 2211: 1847: 1698: 1690: 1625: 1346: 1277: 1125: 1090: 1055: 704:

murders of Stride and Eddowes ultimately became known as the "double event".

572: 518: 448: 437: 398: 394: 382: 254: 234: 195: 172: 6387: 5746: 5000: 64:"With the Vigilance Committee in the East End: A Suspicious Character" from 7632: 7434: 7225: 6709: 6260: 5854: 5819:"Jack the Ripper Museum Besieged by Women Protesters in Cable Street Again" 5785:"Jack the Ripper Museum Architect Says He was 'Duped' Over Change of Plans" 4979: 4015: 1786: 1621: 1329:

case in an effort to determine his identity, and the murders have inspired

1258: 1196: 1175: 985: 771: 762: 665: 658: 498: 402: 348: 310: 226: 155: 6404:

techniques used to discover the most likely location Jack the Ripper lived

5689:

Evans, Stewart P. (April 2003). "Ripperology, A Term Coined By ...",

1601:

depicting the discovery of the body of the first canonical Ripper victim,

339:

The economic problems in Whitechapel were accompanied by a steady rise in

6730: 6555: 6013: 5631:

Bloom, Clive, "Jack the Ripper – A Legacy in Pictures", in Werner, p. 251

4970: 4173: 1805: 1515: 1140: 1109: 949: 938: 904:

alive, although she died before medical help could arrive. A 53-year-old

853:

body of 26-year-old Rose Mylett was found in Clarke's Yard, High Street,

615: 476: 468: 422:

widely believed to be the work of the Ripper. Most experts point to deep

386: 298: 210: 176: 151: 6338:

was created from a revision of this article dated 5 March 2011

972:" was a term coined for the discovery of a headless torso of a woman on 7760: 6535: 5909:

Capturing Jack the Ripper: In the Boots of a Bobby in Victorian England

5608: 4702:

Over 200 are preserved at the Public Record Office (Evans and Skinner,

2107:, vol. 35, Corcoran Department of History at the University of Virginia 1666: 1652: 1262: 1251: 1181: 850: 464: 360: 302: 4604:

Whiteway, Ken (2004). "A Guide to the Literature of Jack the Ripper",

3986: 930:

vagina. Most authors agree that the victim "Fairy Fay" never existed.

7530: 7276: 6714: 4374:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 187–188, 261; Woods and Baddeley, pp. 121–122

4139:"The Seventh Murder in Whitechapel: A Story of Unparalleled Atrocity" 2989:"The Seventh Murder in Whitechapel: A Story of Unparalleled Atrocity" 2368:, pp. 29–31; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 47–50; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 5–7 1908:

The full name of this individual is believed to be Thomas J. Bulling.

1612:, but his case was the first to create a worldwide media frenzy. The 1082: 981: 891: 828: 5987:

The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook: An Illustrated Encyclopedia

5149:

Professor Francis E. Camps, August 1966, "More on Jack the Ripper",

2557:

Eddleston, p. 21; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 60–61; Rumbelow, pp. 24–27

2355:. Oxford University Press. Subscription required for online version. 1306: 59: 5078:, pp. 624–633; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219–222; Rumbelow, pp. 121–122 2202: 1658:

In early September, six days after the murder of Mary Ann Nichols,

1629: 1464: 557: 487: 250: 6434: 6368: 4682:"Letters to Police, Signed "Jack the Ripper," are Practical Jokes" 2868:

1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Evans and Skinner, pp. 185–188

38:

For the murders in or near Whitechapel between 1888 and 1891, see

4638:

estimated "probably at least 2000" (quoted in Evans and Skinner,

2085:, pp. 131–149; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 38–42; Rumbelow, pp. 21–22 1757: 1524: 1489: 1050:) was strangled with clothing and then mutilated with a knife on 989: 693: 685: 642: 607: 321: 269:

Women and children congregate in front of one of the Whitechapel

4759:

Cook, pp. 77–78; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 140; Evans and Skinner,

4724:

Cook, pp. 76–77; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 137; Evans and Skinner,

4231:

1889, 144/221/A49301C ff. 235–236, quoted in Evans and Skinner,

3195:

1910, quoted in Cook, pp. 179–180 and Evans and Rumbelow, p. 239

1066: 583:

1888, the body of Annie Chapman was discovered at approximately

432:. The first two cases in the Whitechapel murders file, those of 6374: 5719:"Recent Scholarship on Jack the Ripper and the Victorian Media" 5511:, "Introduction", in Werner, p. 10; Rivett and Whitehead, p. 11 2275:, pp. 27–28; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 47–50; Evans and Skinner, 1089:

files allow a detailed view of investigative procedures in the

756: 619: 596: 483: 460: 356: 281:

who swelled the populations of the major cities, including the

6390:

into the murders committed by Jack the Ripper compiled by the

5671:, p. 299; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 272–277; Rumbelow, pp. 251–253 3128:

Macnaghten's notes quoted by Cook, p. 151; Evans and Skinner,

1811:

poll selected Jack the Ripper as the worst Briton in history.

1250:", with the character of the mutilations possibly indicating " 1238:

splashes close to where the woman's head must have been lying.

309:

were commonplace, and the endemic poverty drove many women to

1247: 873: 328:

within Whitechapel every night, with the nightly price for a

31:

This article is about the serial killer. For other uses, see

6032:

Alias Jack the Ripper: Beyond the Usual Whitechapel Suspects

3614:

The name "Fairy Fay" was first used by Terrence Robinson in

3266:

Alias Jack the Ripper: Beyond the Usual Whitechapel Suspects

2940:

Letter from Charles Warren to Godfrey Lushington, Permanent

688:

of her right ear was later recovered from her clothing. The

6232:

Whittington-Egan, Richard; Whittington-Egan, Molly (1992).

1655:

rumours that the perpetrator was either Jewish or foreign.

716: 491: 7293:

The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume III: Century

6362: 5850:"Locals Boycott Greenwich Chippy Named 'Jack the Chipper'" 4464:

Marriott, Trevor, p. 205; Rumbelow, p. 263; Sugden, p. 266

2190:

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling

1973: 563: 497:

The savagery of the Tabram murder, the lack of an obvious

277:

In the mid-19th century, England experienced an influx of

273:

close to where Jack the Ripper murdered two of his victims

4058:, p. 205; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 113; Evans and Skinner, 3581:"The Importance of Fairy Fay, and Her Link to Emma Smith" 1830:, with some patrons threatening to boycott the premises. 1479: 1101:, offered a reward of £500 for the arrest of the Ripper. 3964:

Vanderlinden, Wolf (2003–04). "The New York Affair", in

3762:

Beadle, p. 207; Evans and Rumbelow, p. 202; Fido, p. 100

1818:

opened in east London. It attracted criticism from both

381:

The sites of the first seven Whitechapel murders –

6161:

The Complete Jack the Ripper. Fully Revised and Updated

3360:"Alice McKenzie a.k.a. "Clay Pipe" Alice, Alice Bryant" 3156:

1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Evans and Skinner,

2948:

1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Evans and Skinner,

1506:

the murders were publicised, making it unlikely that a

6426:

focusing upon the murders committed by Jack the Ripper

6383:

pertaining to the murders committed by Jack the Ripper

5129:"Thomas Bulling and the Myth of the London Journalist" 4020:

Criminal Shadows: Inside the Mind of the Serial Killer

2451:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 51–55; Marriott, Trevor, p. 13

3014:

Foul Deeds and Suspicious Deaths in London's East End

2772:

Foul Deeds and Suspicious Deaths in London's East End

1046:", reportedly for her habit of quoting Shakespeare's 587:

near the steps to the doorway of the back yard of 29

536:

The body of Mary Ann Nichols was discovered at about

7833:

Blood!: The Life and Future Times of Jack the Ripper

4326:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 186–187; Evans and Skinner,

4277:

Officer, Lawrence H.; Williamson, Samuel H. (2023),

3525:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 218–222; Evans and Skinner,

3306:

Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 245–246; Evans and Skinner,

2184: 1837: 1689:. Examples derived from Jack the Ripper include the 1518:, leader of the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee, on 1212:

In September 1888, a group of volunteer citizens in

1112:. After the murder of Nichols, Detective Inspectors 629:

1888. Stride's body was discovered at approximately

614:

in the company of a dark-haired man wearing a brown

5615:. London: Blackie and Son. p. 126, quoted in Begg, 3465:

Fido, p. 113; Evans and Skinner (2000), pp. 551–557

2036: 937:1888, informing staff she had been attacked with a 783:, with her face "gashed in all directions" and the 257:, capturing public imagination to the present day. 6018:The Crimes, Detection and Death of Jack the Ripper 5040:Letter from Charles Warren to Godfrey Lushington, 2415:The Crimes, Detection and Death of Jack the Ripper 1620:) made school attendance compulsory regardless of 1207: 7475:Portrait of a Killer: Jack the Ripper—Case Closed 4276: 3913:"Unsettling Tale of Murder in Victorian Bradford" 3384:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 208–209; Rumbelow, p. 131 2864:, pp. 193–194; Chief Inspector Swanson's report, 7866: 7377:The Prowler in the City at the Edge of the World 5925:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Amberley Publishing. 3097:Macnaghten's notes quoted by Evans and Skinner, 2963:"The Whitechapel Murders: A Startling Discovery" 2942:Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department 2507:"Old Wounds: Re-examining the Buck's Row Murder" 1552:Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department 198:from individuals purporting to be the murderer. 7135:The Phantom Raspberry Blower of Old London Town 6135:. Harpenden, Hertfordshire: Pocket Essentials. 6105:Jack the Ripper: The 21st Century Investigation 6046:Profiling Violent Crimes: An Investigative Tool 4896:The Kiama Independent and Shoalhaven Advertiser 3452:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 210; Evans and Skinner, 3204:Marriott, Trevor, pp. 231–234; Rumbelow, p. 157 3034:Profiling Violent Crimes: An Investigative Tool 2667:Profiling Violent Crimes: An Investigative Tool 1280:points conclusively to two different suspects: 7905:History of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets 6821: 6079:. Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press. 6044:Holmes, Ronald M.; Holmes, Stephen T. (2002). 6003:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. 5971:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing. 5469:e.g. Marriott, Trevor, p. 251; Rumbelow, p. 49 5087:Quoted in Cook, pp. 96–97; Evans and Skinner, 4434: 1875:List of fugitives from justice who disappeared 1163:to coordinate the enquiry from Scotland Yard. 653:Contemporaneous police drawing of the body of 201:The name "Jack the Ripper" originated in the " 6807: 6450: 6192:Abberline: The Man Who Hunted Jack the Ripper 6048:. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. 5345: 5165: 5163: 4715:Fido, pp. 6–10; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219 ff. 4519:"7 People Suspected of Being Jack the Ripper" 3541:Evans, Stewart P.; Connell, Nicholas (2000). 2931:Cook, p. 143; Fido, pp. 47–52; Sugden, p. 254 1421: 6121:. Richmond, Surrey: Reynolds and Hearn Ltd. 5847: 5106:"A Look at Some of the Known Letter Writers" 4600: 4598: 4090:, London Metropolitan Police, archived from 4010: 4008: 3837:The Thames Torso Murders of Victorian London 3562: 3560: 3558: 3434:The Thames Torso Murders of Victorian London 3152:Letter from Thomas Bond to Robert Anderson, 2607:Marriott, Trevor, pp. 26–29; Rumbelow, p. 42 1956: 1954: 1952: 1890:List of serial killers in the United Kingdom 837: 297:emigrated into the same area. The parish of 27:Unidentified serial killer in London in 1888 7801:Assassin's Creed Syndicate: Jack the Ripper 7335:Sherlock Holmes: The Unauthorized Biography 6408:Letters claiming to be from Jack the Ripper 6180:. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers. 6119:Jack the Ripper: The Murders and the Movies 5969:Jack the Ripper: Scotland Yard Investigates 5586:Rumbelow, p. xv; Woods and Baddeley, p. 136 4919:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 170; Fido, pp. 78–80 4829:Eddleston, p. 155; Marriott, Trevor, p. 223 4787:"The Whitechapel Horrors: An Exciting Week" 4258:Jack the Ripper – Through the Mists of Time 3894:, Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood Publishing, 2791:Jack the Ripper – Through the Mists of Time 2652:, p. 153; Cook, p. 163; Evans and Skinner, 2589:Jack the Ripper – Through the Mists of Time 2234:"Locality of the Whitechapel Women-Murders" 633:in Dutfield's Yard, off Berner Street (now 6814: 6800: 6457: 6443: 6375:Jack the Ripper: The 1888 Autumn of Terror 6063:The Murders of the Black Museum: 1870–1970 5999:Evans, Stewart P.; Skinner, Keith (2001). 5160: 5061:, pp. 41, 52 and Woods and Baddeley, p. 54 4728:, pp. 16–18; Woods and Baddeley, pp. 48–49 4545:"Casebook: Jack the Ripper: Lewis Carroll" 4180:1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Begg, 4054:1888, HO 144/221/A49301C, quoted in Begg, 3831: 3829: 3537: 3535: 3241:"Frances Coles: Murdered 13 February 1891" 2856: 2854: 2734:"The Whitechapel Murders: Rewards Offered" 2697:Cook, p. 157; Marriott, Trevor, pp. 81–125 2577:The Murders of the Black Museum: 1870–1970 2003:London, Novels and Social Writings, p. 147 1962:The Murders of the Black Museum: 1870-1970 1501:The "Saucy Jacky" postcard was postmarked 1428: 1414: 766:Official police photograph of the body of 440:, are not included in the canonical five. 58: 6285:. Hersham, Surrey: Ian Allan Publishing. 6091:Jack the Ripper: The Whitechapel Murderer 5627: 5625: 5465: 5463: 5437:1888, quoted in Evans and Rumbelow, p. 80 4969: 4855: 4853: 4737:Cook, pp. 78–79; Marriott, Trevor, p. 221 4595: 4172:Inspector Donald Swanson's report to the 4005: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3555: 3521: 3519: 3302: 3300: 2533:"Another Horrible Tragedy in Whitechapel" 2378: 2376: 2374: 2201: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2174: 1949: 925:in a doorway close to Commercial Road on 7076:Case Closed: The Phantom of Baker Street 6346:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 6329: 6263:; Odell, Robin; Gaute, J. H. H. (1988). 6248:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive Casebook 6131:Rivett, Miriam; Whitehead, Mark (2006). 6034:. North Carolina: McFarland Publishing. 5241:. psychologytoday.com. 27 January 2004. 5182:. educationengland.org.uk. 1 June 1998. 5126: 4915: 4913: 4357:See also later contemporary editions of 4333: 3942: 3940: 3938: 1724: 1590: 1488: 1474:, and was forwarded to Scotland Yard on 1305: 1180: 1065: 995: 919: 890: 761: 664:Eddowes's body was found in a corner of 648: 562: 376: 264: 6265:Jack the Ripper: Summing up and Verdict 6178:The Complete History of Jack the Ripper 5881:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5782: 5716: 5669:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5617:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5597:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5557:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5484:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 5480:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5455:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5427:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5398:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5385:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5206:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 5093:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 5076:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4774:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4761:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4665:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4590:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4475:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4328:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4315:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4246:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4233:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4216:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4186:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4182:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4128:, p. 205; Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 84–85 4126:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 4113:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4087:The Enduring Mystery of Jack the Ripper 4060:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 4056:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 3892:The American Murders of Jack the Ripper 3826: 3635:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3532: 3527:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3454:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3308:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3160:, pp. 360–362 and Rumbelow, pp. 145–147 3158:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3148: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3130:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3119:Cook, p. 151; Woods and Baddeley, p. 85 3099:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 3086:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2950:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2862:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2851: 2721:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2654:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2650:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2396:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2366:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2353:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2333: 2331: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2317:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2294:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2290:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2277:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2273:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2157:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 2083:Jack the Ripper: The Definitive History 2048:The Ultimate Jack the Ripper Sourcebook 1975:Life and Labour of the People in London 1640:, along with popular magazines such as 1514:The "From Hell" letter was received by 1157:Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police 715:. The message appeared to imply that a 14: 7867: 7777:Sherlock Holmes Versus Jack the Ripper 6149:. New York: Berkley Publishing Group. 6147:Jack the Ripper. The Complete Casebook 6093:. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions. 5937:Jack The Ripper & The London Press 5848:Bennett-Ness, Jamie (17 August 2021). 5816: 5622: 5559:, pp. 1–2; Rivett and Whitehead, p. 15 5460: 5095:, p. 193; and Marriott, Trevor, p. 254 4850: 4684:. The Yorkshire Herald. 8 October 1888 4497:"So You Want to Be a "Ripperologist"?" 4365:, quoted in Woods and Baddeley, p. 111 4014: 3953: 3839:, Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 3516: 3297: 3285:Jack the Ripper: The Forgotten Victims 2371: 2171: 2124: 2122: 2070:Jack the Ripper: The Complete Casebook 2050:, p. 283; Fido, p. 82; Rumbelow, p. 12 1880:List of murderers by number of victims 175:active in and around the impoverished 7451:Jack the Ripper, Light-Hearted Friend 6900:The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog 6795: 6438: 6208:. London: Little, Brown and Company. 6194:. Cheltenham: The History Press Ltd. 5327:from the original on 24 November 2020 5186:from the original on 26 February 2021 4910: 4811:. The Leeds Mercury. 13 November 1888 4809:"The Whitechapel Murder: The Inquest" 3935: 3243:. jack-the-ripper.org. 2 April 2010. 2811:"Catherine Eddowes a.k.a. Kate Kelly" 1223: 7900:History of the City of London Police 6089:Lynch, Terry; Davies, David (2008). 5537:from the original on 2 December 2020 5301:from the original on 18 January 2021 5219:Jack the Ripper and the London Press 5127:Westcott, Thomas C. 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Madrid Days 6774: 6773: 6328: 6220:Jack the Ripper and the East End 5951:Jack the Ripper: An Encyclopedia 5841: 5817:Brooke, Mike (6 November 2017). 5810: 5783:Khomami, Nadia (5 August 2015). 5776: 5767: 5740: 5710: 5683: 5674: 5661: 5652: 5643: 5634: 5602: 5589: 5580: 5571: 5562: 5549: 5523: 5514: 5502: 5489: 5472: 5440: 5403: 5390: 5370: 5339: 5323:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 5313: 5297:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 5287: 5265:"Murderers Who Haunt the Screen" 5257: 5231: 5211: 5198: 5172: 5143: 5120: 5098: 5081: 5074:, pp. 45–48; Evans and Skinner, 5064: 5051: 5034: 5021: 4994: 4985: 4949: 4922: 4884: 4875: 4862: 4841: 4832: 4823: 4801: 4779: 4772:Cook, p. 87; Evans and Skinner, 4766: 4753: 4746:Cook, p. 79; Evans and Skinner, 4740: 4731: 4718: 4709: 4696: 4674: 4657: 4629: 4620: 4611: 4568: 4559: 4537: 4511: 4489: 4480: 4467: 4458: 4428: 4425:Meikle, p. 197; Rumbelow, p. 246 4419: 4386: 4377: 4368: 4351: 4342: 4320: 4307: 4294: 4270: 4251: 4238: 4227:Robert Anderson to Home Office, 4221: 4200: 4191: 4184:, p. 206 and Evans and Skinner, 4166: 4157: 4131: 4118: 4105: 4078: 4065: 4040: 3989:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 3987:"Home: Introduction to the Case" 3979: 3905: 3884: 3858: 3849: 3796: 3787: 3765: 3756: 3743: 3734: 3717: 3704: 3695: 3674: 3661: 3649: 3640: 3627: 3608: 3599: 3583:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 3573: 3362:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 3336:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 2813:. casebook.org. 1 January 2010. 1902: 1854: 1840: 1595:8 September 1888 edition of the 1061: 978:Metropolitan Police headquarters 976:1888 in the basement of the new 451:, Whitechapel, at approximately 33:Jack the Ripper (disambiguation) 7443:A Night in the Lonesome October 6736:Whitechapel Vigilance Committee 6392:Federal Bureau of Investigation 6250:. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. 6222:. London: Chatto & Windus. 5911:. 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Perry, Jr. (2001). 5169:Woods and Baddeley, pp. 20, 52 4934:, London Metropolitan Police, 4398:"Was Jack the Ripper a Woman?" 4050:'s report to the Home Office, 3868:. casebook.org. 2 April 2004. 2535:. casebook.org. 2 April 2004. 2509:. casebook.org. 2 April 2004. 2134:, London Metropolitan Police, 2062: 2053: 2006: 1997: 1977:(London: Macmillan, 1902–1903) 1967: 1940: 1921: 1459:The "Dear Boss" letter, dated 1036:. No-one was ever prosecuted. 730:The extensively mutilated and 479:unrelated to the Ripper case. 471:and died the following day at 13: 1: 7895:History of the City of London 6218:Werner, Alex (editor, 2008). 5883:. London: Pearson Education. 5057:Quoted in Evans and Skinner, 4847:Marriott, Trevor, pp. 219–222 4667:, p. 165; Evans and Skinner, 4521:. history.com. 16 July 2015. 2433:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 51–55 2319:, pp. 155–156 and Cook, p. 62 2223:Evans and Rumbelow, pp. 47–55 1915: 1614:Elementary Education Act 1880 1159:, to appoint Chief Inspector 814:, head of the London CID, on 603:and vagina had been removed. 320:estimated that there were 62 313:to survive on a daily basis. 291:pogroms in the Russian Empire 260: 225:committed in Whitechapel and 7084:Ripper 2: Letter from Within 6381:Contemporaneous news article 6267:. London: Corgi Publishing. 6065:, London: Bloomsbury Books, 5935:Curtis, Lewis Perry (2001). 5897:. 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Michael (2002), 3169:e.g. Cook, pp. 156–159, 199 1990:on-line archive) retrieved 1833: 1643:The Illustrated Police News 1616:(which had extended upon a 1295: 800:Metropolitan Police Service 318:Metropolitan Police Service 67:The Illustrated London News 10: 7956: 7680:The Great British Fake Off 7617:Case File nº221: Kabukicho 7108:Batman: Gotham by Gaslight 6980:Dr. Jekyll and Sister Hyde 6410:at nationalarchives.gov.uk 6077:Novels and Social Writings 5895:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 5872: 5773:Woods and Baddeley, p. 176 5640:Woods and Baddeley, p. 150 5348:"Who Was Jack the Ripper?" 4565:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 261 4302:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 4073:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3751:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3712:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3701:Beadle, p. 77; Fido, p. 16 3669:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3568:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3485:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3422:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3393:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 209 3321:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 3178:Evans and Rumbelow, p. 260 3101:, pp. 584–587; Fido, p. 98 3047:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2911:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2846:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2760:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2618:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2481:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2384:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 2260:Jack the Ripper: The Facts 1928:Serial Killers: True Crime 1870:Jack the Ripper in fiction 1364: 1299: 993:severed but not the arms. 370: 366: 316:In October 1888, London's 96:"The Whitechapel Murderer" 29: 7842: 7827:Casebook: Jack the Ripper 7819: 7712: 7689: 7643: 7560: 7553: 7386: 7361: 7310: 7303: 7252: 7201: 7153: 7118: 6883: 6857: 6832: 6769: 6723: 6682: 6646: 6615: 6579: 6508: 6472: 6163:. 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The door through which 162: 145: 135: 127: 122: 110: 106: 89: 79: 57: 50: 7143:Amazon Women on the Moon 6674:Goulston Street graffito 6602:Thomas Horrocks Openshaw 6388:centennial investigation 6190:Thurgood, Peter (2013). 5499:, pp. 13, 86; Fido, p. 7 5352:nationalgeographic.co.uk 4838:Marriott, Trevor, p. 223 4403:12 December 2020 at the 4359:Richard von Krafft-Ebing 4313:e.g. Evans and Skinner, 3773:"Casebook: Annie Farmer" 3680:Beadle, William (2009), 3402:Marriott, Trevor, p. 195 2877:e.g. Evans and Skinner, 2338:Davenport-Hines, Richard 1895: 1801:publish their research. 1586: 1573:to George R. Sims dated 1562:in the Sunday newspaper 1316:magazine, by cartoonist 1302:Jack the Ripper suspects 1155:Sir Charles Warren, the 713:Goulston Street graffito 544:1888 in Buck's Row (now 513:five Ripper victims are 7491:The Witches of Chiswick 7327:The Whitechapel Horrors 6607:George Bagster Phillips 6419:Encyclopædia Britannica 5953:. London: Metro Books. 5752:3 February 2009 at the 5704:16 October 2011 at the 4644:Illustrated Police News 1982:3 February 2011 at the 1661:The Manchester Guardian 1598:Penny Illustrated Paper 1351:Sir Melville Macnaghten 832:George Bagster Phillips 7890:English serial killers 7285:Wonder Woman: Amazonia 7183:The Somatic Defilement 6875:"Saucy Jacky" postcard 6756:Jack the Ripper Museum 6700:Flower and Dean Street 6633:Charles Allen Lechmere 6430:Texas State University 6377:at whitechapeljack.com 6371:of jack-the-ripper.org 6324: 6304:Listen to this article 6204:Waddell, Bill (1993). 6117:Meikle, Denis (2002). 6107:. London: John Blake. 5823:East London Advertiser 5453:1888, quoted in Begg, 5425:1888, quoted in Begg, 5383:1888, quoted in Begg, 4617:Eddleston, pp. 195–244 4588:1903, quoted in Begg, 3725:East London Advertiser 3684:, London: John Blake, 2315:1888, quoted in Begg, 1816:Jack the Ripper Museum 1770:Japanese erotic horror 1736: 1605: 1498: 1450:"Saucy Jacky" postcard 1391:"Saucy Jacky" postcard 1320: 1290:scientific methodology 1243: 1204: 1134:Assistant Commissioner 1074: 1005: 896: 775: 661: 576: 410: 274: 7745:Duke Nukem: Zero Hour 7261:Blood of the Innocent 6400:focusing upon modern 6323: 6075:London, Jack (1984). 5921:Cook, Andrew (2009). 5760:2006, BBC, retrieved 5725:(333), archived from 5006:1 August 2017 at the 4608:, vol. 29 pp. 219–229 4363:Psychopathia Sexualis 4143:The Pall Mall Gazette 3502:The Cheshire Observer 2993:The Pall Mall Gazette 2967:The Lancaster Gazette 2738:Birmingham Daily Post 1728: 1594: 1492: 1309: 1235: 1184: 1079:City of London Police 1069: 1034:insufficient evidence 999: 920:Other alleged victims 894: 765: 652: 566: 443:Smith was robbed and 380: 326:common lodging-houses 271:common lodging-houses 268: 131:Unknown (5 canonical) 7915:London crime history 7659:Comes the Inquisitor 7636:(2019–present) 6659:Saucy Jacky postcard 6580:Doctors and coroners 6402:geographic profiling 6355:More spoken articles 5829:on 21 September 2020 5729:on 28 September 2006 5271:. 30 November 2006. 4763:, p. 193; Fido, p. 7 3919:. 21 November 2017. 3189:East London Observer 2347:25 July 2015 at the 1339:Prince Albert Victor 1030:Manningham, Bradford 844:institutionalisation 599:and sections of her 434:Emma Elizabeth Smith 345:Bloody Sunday (1887) 181:Whitechapel Murderer 171:was an unidentified 7523:Dracula the Un-dead 7411:Night of the Ripper 7176:Killer on the Loose 6972:Hands of the Ripper 6761:Whitechapel murders 6741:Conspiracy theories 6571:Adolphus Williamson 6546:Melville Macnaghten 6516:Frederick Abberline 5981:Evans, Stewart P.; 5963:Evans, Stewart P.; 5893:Begg, Paul (2004). 5879:Begg, Paul (2003). 5495:Evans and Skinner, 5411:Manchester Guardian 5377:Manchester Guardian 5151:Crime and Detection 5027:Evans and Skinner, 4576:Frederick Abberline 4111:Evans and Skinner, 4022:. London, England: 3946:Evans and Skinner, 3917:Telegraph and Argus 3866:"Elizabeth Jackson" 3810:. 29 October 2016. 3633:Evans and Skinner, 2042:Evans and Skinner, 1762:Victor Frankenstein 1610:first serial killer 1472:Central News Agency 1114:Frederick Abberline 1087:Metropolitan Police 1072:Frederick Abberline 910:James Thomas Sadler 792:Melville Macnaghten 738:, Spitalfields, at 722:Police Commissioner 657:, as discovered in 405:(bottom left), and 373:Whitechapel murders 293:and other areas of 209:", was received by 141:(1888: 5 canonical) 40:Whitechapel murders 7925:Nicknames in crime 7698:Bridge Across Time 7625:Sherlock in Russia 7370:A Toy for Juliette 7269:Gotham by Gaslight 6870:"From Hell" letter 6865:"Dear Boss" letter 6597:Roderick Macdonald 6587:Wynne Edwin Baxter 6325: 6234:The Murder Almanac 6059:Honeycombe, Gordon 5723:Reviews in History 4971:10.1093/ndt/gfn198 4898:. 20 November 1888 4145:. 10 November 1888 4094:on 4 February 2010 4026:. pp. 12–13. 3504:. 28 February 1891 3219:Sioux City Journal 2995:. 10 November 1888 2494:The Murder Almanac 2492:Whittington-Egan, 2240:. 11 November 1888 1737: 1675:Spring-heeled Jack 1606: 1548:Godfrey Lushington 1499: 1454:"From Hell" letter 1446:"Dear Boss" letter 1396:"From Hell" letter 1386:"Dear Boss" letter 1321: 1224:Criminal profiling 1205: 1139:, was on leave in 1075: 1006: 897: 776: 725:Sir Charles Warren 692:who conducted the 662: 577: 445:sexually assaulted 411: 307:alcohol dependency 283:East End of London 275: 192:East End of London 114:Unknown (possibly 7862: 7861: 7708: 7707: 7673:Sanctuary for All 7549: 7548: 7351:The Ripper Legacy 6964:A Study in Terror 6789: 6788: 6647:Letters and clues 6623:George Hutchinson 6485:Catherine Eddowes 6473:Canonical victims 6428:published by the 6321: 6291:978-0-7110-3410-5 6273:978-0-552-12858-2 6256:978-1-445-61768-8 6242:978-1-897-78404-4 6228:978-0-7011-8247-2 6214:978-0-316-90332-5 6200:978-0-752-48810-3 6169:978-0-14-017395-6 6155:978-0-425-11869-6 6141:978-1-904048-69-5 6099:978-1-840-22077-3 6085:978-0-521-26213-2 6071:978-0-863-79040-9 6040:978-0-786-40898-6 5931:978-1-84868-327-3 5917:978-1-445-62162-3 5903:978-0-760-77121-1 5239:"Jack the Ripper" 4964:(10): 3343–3349, 4581:Pall Mall Gazette 4265:978-1-782-28168-9 4206:Rumbelow, p. 93; 3900:978-0-275-98155-6 3845:978-0-7864-1348-5 3690:978-1-84454-688-6 3441:978-1-476-61665-0 3411:Eddleston, p. 129 3292:978-1-306-47495-5 3273:978-1-476-62973-5 3187:Interview in the 3021:978-1-781-59662-3 2969:. 13 October 1888 2922:Eddleston, p. 171 2898:978-0-978-91122-5 2798:978-1-782-28168-9 2779:978-1-845-63001-0 2686:978-1-447-26423-1 2637:978-0-760-78716-8 2596:978-1-782-28168-9 2468:978-0-244-67383-3 2422:978-1-566-19537-9 2186:Keppel, Robert D. 2105:Essays in History 1935:978-0-7835-0001-0 1754:The Establishment 1746:Commercial Street 1707:Jack the Stripper 1695:Düsseldorf Ripper 1438: 1437: 1270:forensic evidence 1214:London's East End 1004:" of October 1888 1002:Whitehall Mystery 970:Whitehall Mystery 774:, 9 November 1888 655:Catherine Eddowes 527:Catherine Eddowes 243:Catherine Eddowes 166: 165: 16:(Redirected from 7947: 7920:Murder in London 7850: 7849: 7652:Wolf in the Fold 7558: 7557: 7308: 7307: 7242:The Ruling Class 7127:Bizarre, Bizarre 7012:Murder by Decree 6988:The Ruling Class 6940:Man in the Attic 6816: 6809: 6802: 6793: 6792: 6777: 6776: 6664:From Hell letter 6654:Dear Boss letter 6500:Elizabeth Stride 6495:Mary Ann Nichols 6459: 6452: 6445: 6436: 6435: 6345: 6343: 6332: 6331: 6322: 6312: 6310: 6305: 5965:Rumbelow, Donald 5867: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5825:. Archived from 5814: 5808: 5807: 5805: 5803: 5780: 5774: 5771: 5765: 5763: 5759: 5744: 5738: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5714: 5708: 5687: 5681: 5678: 5672: 5665: 5659: 5656: 5650: 5647: 5641: 5638: 5632: 5629: 5620: 5613:I Caught Crippen 5606: 5600: 5593: 5587: 5584: 5578: 5575: 5569: 5566: 5560: 5553: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5542: 5527: 5521: 5518: 5512: 5506: 5500: 5493: 5487: 5476: 5470: 5467: 5458: 5452: 5444: 5438: 5436: 5424: 5419:Austin Statesman 5416: 5407: 5401: 5394: 5388: 5382: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5365: 5363: 5343: 5337: 5336: 5334: 5332: 5317: 5311: 5310: 5308: 5306: 5291: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5280: 5261: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5250: 5235: 5229: 5215: 5209: 5202: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5176: 5170: 5167: 5158: 5147: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5124: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5113: 5102: 5096: 5085: 5079: 5068: 5062: 5055: 5049: 5043: 5038: 5032: 5025: 5019: 5017: 5014:2001, retrieved 5013: 4998: 4992: 4989: 4983: 4982: 4973: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4945: 4943: 4926: 4920: 4917: 4908: 4907: 4905: 4903: 4888: 4882: 4879: 4873: 4870:Autumn of Terror 4866: 4860: 4857: 4848: 4845: 4839: 4836: 4830: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4805: 4799: 4798: 4796: 4794: 4783: 4777: 4770: 4764: 4757: 4751: 4744: 4738: 4735: 4729: 4722: 4716: 4713: 4707: 4700: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4678: 4672: 4661: 4655: 4636:Donald McCormick 4633: 4627: 4624: 4618: 4615: 4609: 4602: 4593: 4587: 4572: 4566: 4563: 4557: 4556: 4554: 4552: 4541: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4515: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4504: 4493: 4487: 4484: 4478: 4471: 4465: 4462: 4456: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4432: 4426: 4423: 4417: 4415: 4395: 4390: 4384: 4381: 4375: 4372: 4366: 4355: 4349: 4346: 4340: 4337: 4331: 4324: 4318: 4311: 4305: 4298: 4292: 4291: 4290: 4288: 4283:, MeasuringWorth 4274: 4268: 4255: 4249: 4242: 4236: 4230: 4225: 4219: 4213: 4204: 4198: 4195: 4189: 4179: 4170: 4164: 4163:Rumbelow, p. 274 4161: 4155: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4135: 4129: 4122: 4116: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4082: 4076: 4069: 4063: 4053: 4044: 4038: 4037: 4012: 4003: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3983: 3977: 3962: 3951: 3944: 3933: 3932: 3930: 3928: 3909: 3903: 3888: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3877: 3862: 3856: 3853: 3847: 3833: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3819: 3808:The Vintage News 3800: 3794: 3791: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3769: 3763: 3760: 3754: 3747: 3741: 3738: 3732: 3730: 3721: 3715: 3708: 3702: 3699: 3693: 3678: 3672: 3665: 3659: 3653: 3647: 3644: 3638: 3631: 3625: 3623: 3612: 3606: 3603: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3577: 3571: 3564: 3553: 3539: 3530: 3523: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3494: 3488: 3481: 3475: 3472: 3466: 3463: 3457: 3450: 3444: 3431: 3425: 3418: 3412: 3409: 3403: 3400: 3394: 3391: 3385: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3330: 3324: 3317: 3311: 3304: 3295: 3282: 3276: 3263: 3257: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3211: 3205: 3202: 3196: 3194: 3185: 3179: 3176: 3170: 3167: 3161: 3155: 3150: 3133: 3126: 3120: 3117: 3111: 3110:Eddleston, p. 70 3108: 3102: 3095: 3089: 3083: 3074: 3068: 3067:Eddleston, p. 63 3065: 3059: 3056: 3050: 3043: 3037: 3030: 3024: 3011: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2985: 2979: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2959: 2953: 2947: 2938: 2932: 2929: 2923: 2920: 2914: 2907: 2901: 2888: 2882: 2875: 2869: 2867: 2858: 2849: 2842: 2836: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2807: 2801: 2788: 2782: 2769: 2763: 2756: 2750: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2740:. 2 October 1888 2730: 2724: 2717: 2711: 2704: 2698: 2695: 2689: 2676: 2670: 2663: 2657: 2646: 2640: 2627: 2621: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2599: 2586: 2580: 2573: 2567: 2564: 2558: 2555: 2549: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2529: 2523: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2503: 2497: 2490: 2484: 2477: 2471: 2458: 2452: 2449: 2443: 2440: 2434: 2431: 2425: 2412: 2406: 2393: 2387: 2380: 2369: 2362: 2356: 2335: 2320: 2314: 2303: 2297: 2286: 2280: 2269: 2263: 2256: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2230: 2224: 2221: 2215: 2214: 2205: 2182: 2169: 2166: 2160: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2145: 2143: 2126: 2117: 2114: 2108: 2101: 2095: 2092: 2086: 2079: 2073: 2066: 2060: 2057: 2051: 2040: 2034: 2033: 2031: 2029: 2020:. 30 July 2015. 2010: 2004: 2001: 1995: 1993: 1971: 1965: 1958: 1947: 1944: 1938: 1925: 1909: 1906: 1864: 1859: 1858: 1857: 1850: 1845: 1844: 1744:public house in 1711:Yorkshire Ripper 1683:Boston Strangler 1649:sensationalistic 1603:Mary Ann Nichols 1576: 1571:John Littlechild 1557: 1545: 1521: 1504: 1485: 1477: 1469: 1462: 1430: 1423: 1416: 1369: 1368: 1231:offender profile 1202: 1187:Blind man's buff 1150: 1146: 1099:Sir James Fraser 1085:. The surviving 1053: 1027: 1010:Thames Mysteries 975: 959: 955: 944: 936: 928: 915: 902: 886: 860: 817: 802:and Head of the 745: 741: 710: 635:Henriques Street 632: 628: 616:deer-stalker hat 613: 593:small intestines 586: 582: 550:Whitechapel Road 543: 539: 523:Elizabeth Stride 515:Mary Ann Nichols 467:. She developed 463:, rupturing her 458: 454: 420: 416: 401:(bottom right), 385:(centre right), 279:Irish immigrants 239:Elizabeth Stride 231:Mary Ann Nichols 207:From Hell letter 203:Dear Boss letter 148: 90:Other names 73: 62: 48: 47: 43: 36: 21: 7955: 7954: 7950: 7949: 7948: 7946: 7945: 7944: 7875:Jack the Ripper 7865: 7864: 7863: 7858: 7838: 7815: 7793:The Order: 1886 7769:Jack the Ripper 7721:Jack the Ripper 7704: 7685: 7639: 7620:(2019–20) 7609:Time After Time 7604:(2012–17) 7596:(2009–13) 7588:(2007–11) 7577:Jack the Ripper 7569:Jack the Ripper 7545: 7403:Time After Time 7395:A Feast Unknown 7382: 7357: 7343:Dust and Shadow 7311:Sherlock Holmes 7299: 7280:(1989–98) 7248: 7197: 7162:Jack the Ripper 7149: 7114: 7020:Time After Time 7004:Jack the Ripper 6948:Jack the Ripper 6879: 6853: 6828: 6823:Jack the Ripper 6820: 6790: 6785: 6765: 6719: 6678: 6669:Openshaw letter 6642: 6638:Israel Schwartz 6611: 6575: 6521:Robert Anderson 6504: 6490:Mary Jane Kelly 6468: 6466:Jack the Ripper 6463: 6414:Jack the Ripper 6365:at casebook.org 6363:Jack the Ripper 6359: 6358: 6347: 6341: 6339: 6336:This audio file 6333: 6326: 6317: 6314: 6308: 6307: 6303: 6300: 6295: 6279:Baddeley, Gavin 6133:Jack the Ripper 5923:Jack the Ripper 5875: 5870: 5860: 5858: 5846: 5842: 5832: 5830: 5815: 5811: 5801: 5799: 5781: 5777: 5772: 5768: 5761: 5757: 5754:Wayback Machine 5745: 5741: 5732: 5730: 5715: 5711: 5706:Wayback Machine 5688: 5684: 5679: 5675: 5666: 5662: 5657: 5653: 5648: 5644: 5639: 5635: 5630: 5623: 5607: 5603: 5594: 5590: 5585: 5581: 5576: 5572: 5567: 5563: 5554: 5550: 5540: 5538: 5529: 5528: 5524: 5519: 5515: 5507: 5503: 5494: 5490: 5477: 5473: 5468: 5461: 5450: 5445: 5441: 5434: 5422: 5414: 5408: 5404: 5395: 5391: 5380: 5375: 5371: 5361: 5359: 5344: 5340: 5330: 5328: 5319: 5318: 5314: 5304: 5302: 5293: 5292: 5288: 5278: 5276: 5263: 5262: 5258: 5248: 5246: 5237: 5236: 5232: 5216: 5212: 5203: 5199: 5189: 5187: 5178: 5177: 5173: 5168: 5161: 5148: 5144: 5134: 5132: 5125: 5121: 5111: 5109: 5104: 5103: 5099: 5086: 5082: 5069: 5065: 5056: 5052: 5041: 5039: 5035: 5026: 5022: 5015: 5011: 5008:Wayback Machine 4999: 4995: 4990: 4986: 4954: 4950: 4941: 4939: 4928: 4927: 4923: 4918: 4911: 4901: 4899: 4890: 4889: 4885: 4880: 4876: 4867: 4863: 4858: 4851: 4846: 4842: 4837: 4833: 4828: 4824: 4814: 4812: 4807: 4806: 4802: 4792: 4790: 4785: 4784: 4780: 4771: 4767: 4758: 4754: 4745: 4741: 4736: 4732: 4723: 4719: 4714: 4710: 4701: 4697: 4687: 4685: 4680: 4679: 4675: 4662: 4658: 4642:, p. 180). The 4634: 4630: 4625: 4621: 4616: 4612: 4603: 4596: 4585: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4560: 4550: 4548: 4543: 4542: 4538: 4528: 4526: 4517: 4516: 4512: 4502: 4500: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4485: 4481: 4472: 4468: 4463: 4459: 4450: 4448: 4441:The Independent 4433: 4429: 4424: 4420: 4413: 4409:The Independent 4405:Wayback Machine 4393: 4391: 4387: 4382: 4378: 4373: 4369: 4356: 4352: 4347: 4343: 4339:Canter, pp. 5–6 4338: 4334: 4325: 4321: 4312: 4308: 4299: 4295: 4286: 4284: 4275: 4271: 4256: 4252: 4243: 4239: 4228: 4226: 4222: 4211: 4208:Daily Telegraph 4205: 4201: 4196: 4192: 4177: 4171: 4167: 4162: 4158: 4148: 4146: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4123: 4119: 4110: 4106: 4097: 4095: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4070: 4066: 4051: 4045: 4041: 4034: 4013: 4006: 3996: 3994: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3963: 3954: 3945: 3936: 3926: 3924: 3911: 3910: 3906: 3902:, pp. xxii, 190 3889: 3885: 3875: 3873: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3854: 3850: 3834: 3827: 3817: 3815: 3802: 3801: 3797: 3792: 3788: 3778: 3776: 3771: 3770: 3766: 3761: 3757: 3748: 3744: 3739: 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2732: 2731: 2727: 2718: 2714: 2705: 2701: 2696: 2692: 2677: 2673: 2664: 2660: 2647: 2643: 2630:Jack the Ripper 2628: 2624: 2615: 2611: 2606: 2602: 2587: 2583: 2574: 2570: 2566:Rumbelow, p. 42 2565: 2561: 2556: 2552: 2542: 2540: 2531: 2530: 2526: 2516: 2514: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2491: 2487: 2478: 2474: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2446: 2441: 2437: 2432: 2428: 2413: 2409: 2394: 2390: 2381: 2372: 2363: 2359: 2349:Wayback Machine 2336: 2323: 2312: 2304: 2300: 2287: 2283: 2270: 2266: 2257: 2253: 2243: 2241: 2232: 2231: 2227: 2222: 2218: 2183: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2154: 2150: 2141: 2139: 2128: 2127: 2120: 2115: 2111: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2089: 2080: 2076: 2067: 2063: 2059:Rumbelow, p. 14 2058: 2054: 2041: 2037: 2027: 2025: 2012: 2011: 2007: 2002: 1998: 1991: 1984:Wayback Machine 1972: 1968: 1959: 1950: 1945: 1941: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1913: 1912: 1907: 1903: 1898: 1860: 1855: 1853: 1846: 1839: 1836: 1766:Sherlock Holmes 1735:cartoon of 1888 1723: 1703:Blackout Ripper 1589: 1574: 1555: 1543: 1533:London Hospital 1529:Thomas Openshaw 1519: 1502: 1483: 1475: 1467: 1460: 1434: 1405: 1401:Openshaw letter 1373:Jack the Ripper 1367: 1304: 1298: 1282:Aaron Kosminski 1240: 1239: 1226: 1210: 1200: 1148: 1144: 1137:Robert Anderson 1064: 1051: 1025: 980:being built in 973: 957: 953: 942: 934: 926: 922: 913: 900: 884: 858: 840: 824:Donald Rumbelow 815: 812:Robert Anderson 796:Chief Constable 768:Mary Jane Kelly 743: 739: 708: 630: 626: 611: 584: 580: 541: 537: 531:Mary Jane Kelly 507: 473:London Hospital 456: 452: 418: 414: 389:(centre left), 375: 369: 341:social tensions 287:Jewish refugees 263: 247:Mary Jane Kelly 169:Jack the Ripper 146: 140: 102: 99:"Leather Apron" 85: 75: 71: 53: 52:Jack the Ripper 44: 37: 30: 28: 23: 22: 18:Jack The Ripper 15: 12: 11: 5: 7953: 7943: 7942: 7937: 7932: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7880:1888 in London 7877: 7860: 7859: 7857: 7856: 7843: 7840: 7839: 7837: 7836: 7829: 7823: 7821: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7813: 7805: 7797: 7789: 7781: 7773: 7765: 7757: 7749: 7741: 7733: 7725: 7716: 7714: 7710: 7709: 7706: 7705: 7703: 7702: 7701:(1985 TV film) 7693: 7691: 7687: 7686: 7684: 7683: 7676: 7669: 7662: 7655: 7647: 7645: 7641: 7640: 7638: 7637: 7629: 7621: 7613: 7605: 7597: 7589: 7581: 7573: 7564: 7562: 7555: 7551: 7550: 7547: 7546: 7544: 7543: 7535: 7527: 7519: 7511: 7503: 7495: 7487: 7479: 7471: 7463: 7455: 7447: 7439: 7431: 7423: 7415: 7407: 7399: 7390: 7388: 7384: 7383: 7381: 7380: 7373: 7365: 7363: 7359: 7358: 7356: 7355: 7347: 7339: 7331: 7323: 7314: 7312: 7305: 7301: 7300: 7298: 7297: 7289: 7281: 7273: 7265: 7256: 7254: 7250: 7249: 7247: 7246: 7238: 7230: 7222: 7214: 7205: 7203: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7195: 7187: 7179: 7172: 7165: 7157: 7155: 7151: 7150: 7148: 7147: 7139: 7131: 7122: 7120: 7116: 7115: 7113: 7112: 7104: 7096: 7088: 7080: 7072: 7064: 7056: 7048: 7040: 7036:Edge of Sanity 7032: 7024: 7016: 7008: 7000: 6992: 6984: 6976: 6968: 6960: 6952: 6944: 6936: 6928: 6920: 6912: 6904: 6896: 6887: 6885: 6881: 6880: 6878: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6854: 6852: 6851: 6844: 6836: 6834: 6830: 6829: 6819: 6818: 6811: 6804: 6796: 6787: 6786: 6784: 6783: 6770: 6767: 6766: 6764: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6727: 6725: 6721: 6720: 6718: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6705:Hanbury Street 6702: 6697: 6692: 6686: 6684: 6680: 6679: 6677: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6650: 6648: 6644: 6643: 6641: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6628:Joseph Lawende 6625: 6619: 6617: 6613: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6583: 6581: 6577: 6576: 6574: 6573: 6568: 6566:Charles Warren 6563: 6561:Donald Swanson 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6526:Walter Andrews 6523: 6518: 6512: 6510: 6506: 6505: 6503: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6476: 6474: 6470: 6469: 6462: 6461: 6454: 6447: 6439: 6433: 6432: 6422: 6411: 6405: 6394: 6384: 6378: 6372: 6366: 6348: 6334: 6327: 6315: 6302: 6301: 6299: 6298:External links 6296: 6294: 6293: 6275: 6258: 6244: 6230: 6216: 6202: 6188: 6174:Sugden, Philip 6171: 6157: 6143: 6129: 6115: 6101: 6087: 6073: 6056: 6042: 6028: 6011: 5997: 5983:Skinner, Keith 5979: 5961: 5947: 5933: 5919: 5905: 5891: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5868: 5840: 5809: 5775: 5766: 5739: 5709: 5682: 5673: 5660: 5651: 5642: 5633: 5621: 5601: 5588: 5579: 5570: 5561: 5548: 5522: 5513: 5509:Ackroyd, Peter 5501: 5488: 5471: 5459: 5439: 5402: 5389: 5369: 5338: 5312: 5286: 5256: 5230: 5210: 5197: 5171: 5159: 5142: 5131:. casebook.org 5119: 5097: 5080: 5063: 5050: 5033: 5020: 4993: 4984: 4948: 4921: 4909: 4883: 4874: 4861: 4849: 4840: 4831: 4822: 4800: 4778: 4765: 4752: 4739: 4730: 4717: 4708: 4706:, pp. 8, 180). 4695: 4673: 4656: 4628: 4619: 4610: 4594: 4567: 4558: 4536: 4510: 4488: 4479: 4466: 4457: 4427: 4418: 4392:Marks, Kathy ( 4385: 4376: 4367: 4350: 4341: 4332: 4319: 4306: 4293: 4269: 4250: 4237: 4220: 4199: 4190: 4165: 4156: 4130: 4117: 4104: 4077: 4064: 4048:Donald Swanson 4039: 4032: 4004: 3978: 3952: 3934: 3904: 3883: 3857: 3848: 3825: 3795: 3786: 3764: 3755: 3742: 3740:Beadle, p. 207 3733: 3716: 3703: 3694: 3673: 3660: 3658:, 7 April 1888 3648: 3646:Sugden pp. 5–6 3639: 3626: 3617:Reynold's News 3607: 3598: 3572: 3554: 3531: 3515: 3489: 3476: 3474:Waddell, p. 80 3467: 3458: 3445: 3426: 3413: 3404: 3395: 3386: 3377: 3351: 3325: 3312: 3296: 3277: 3258: 3232: 3206: 3197: 3180: 3171: 3162: 3134: 3121: 3112: 3103: 3090: 3069: 3060: 3051: 3038: 3025: 3006: 2980: 2954: 2933: 2924: 2915: 2902: 2883: 2870: 2850: 2837: 2828: 2802: 2783: 2764: 2751: 2725: 2712: 2699: 2690: 2671: 2658: 2641: 2622: 2609: 2600: 2581: 2568: 2559: 2550: 2524: 2498: 2485: 2472: 2453: 2444: 2442:Waddell, p. 75 2435: 2426: 2407: 2388: 2370: 2357: 2321: 2298: 2281: 2264: 2251: 2238:Reynold's News 2225: 2216: 2203:10.1002/jip.22 2170: 2161: 2148: 2118: 2109: 2096: 2087: 2074: 2061: 2052: 2035: 2005: 1996: 1966: 1948: 1939: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1900: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1866: 1865: 1862:History portal 1851: 1835: 1832: 1722: 1719: 1687:Beltway Sniper 1588: 1585: 1560:George R. Sims 1436: 1435: 1433: 1432: 1425: 1418: 1410: 1407: 1406: 1404: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1382: 1379: 1378: 1366: 1363: 1355:circumstantial 1343:Walter Sickert 1300:Main article: 1297: 1294: 1286:Walter Sickert 1225: 1222: 1209: 1206: 1172:Queen Victoria 1161:Donald Swanson 1130:City of London 1122:Walter Andrews 1063: 1060: 1014:modus operandi 963:self-inflicted 921: 918: 878:modus operandi 870:carotid artery 863:drunken stupor 839: 836: 701:Joseph Lawende 690:police surgeon 670:City of London 639:carotid artery 589:Hanbury Street 569:Hanbury Street 546:Durward Street 506: 505:Canonical five 503: 429:modus operandi 391:Hanbury Street 371:Main article: 368: 365: 295:Eastern Europe 262: 259: 164: 163: 160: 159: 149: 143: 142: 137: 133: 132: 129: 125: 124: 120: 119: 112: 108: 107: 104: 103: 101: 100: 97: 93: 91: 87: 86: 83: 81: 77: 76: 63: 55: 54: 51: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7952: 7941: 7938: 7936: 7933: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7872: 7870: 7855: 7854: 7845: 7844: 7841: 7835: 7834: 7830: 7828: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7818: 7811: 7810: 7806: 7803: 7802: 7798: 7795: 7794: 7790: 7787: 7786: 7782: 7779: 7778: 7774: 7771: 7770: 7766: 7763: 7762: 7758: 7755: 7754: 7750: 7747: 7746: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7734: 7731: 7730: 7726: 7723: 7722: 7718: 7717: 7715: 7711: 7700: 7699: 7695: 7694: 7692: 7688: 7681: 7677: 7674: 7670: 7667: 7663: 7660: 7656: 7653: 7649: 7648: 7646: 7642: 7635: 7634: 7630: 7627: 7626: 7622: 7619: 7618: 7614: 7611: 7610: 7606: 7603: 7602: 7601:Ripper Street 7598: 7595: 7594: 7590: 7587: 7586: 7582: 7579: 7578: 7574: 7571: 7570: 7566: 7565: 7563: 7559: 7556: 7552: 7541: 7540: 7539:The Cutthroat 7536: 7533: 7532: 7528: 7525: 7524: 7520: 7517: 7516: 7512: 7509: 7508: 7504: 7501: 7500: 7496: 7493: 7492: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7483:Blood and Fog 7480: 7477: 7476: 7472: 7469: 7468: 7464: 7461: 7460: 7456: 7453: 7452: 7448: 7445: 7444: 7440: 7437: 7436: 7432: 7429: 7428: 7424: 7421: 7420: 7419:Phantom Blood 7416: 7413: 7412: 7408: 7405: 7404: 7400: 7397: 7396: 7392: 7391: 7389: 7385: 7378: 7374: 7371: 7367: 7366: 7364: 7362:Short stories 7360: 7353: 7352: 7348: 7345: 7344: 7340: 7337: 7336: 7332: 7329: 7328: 7324: 7321: 7320: 7316: 7315: 7313: 7309: 7306: 7302: 7295: 7294: 7290: 7287: 7286: 7282: 7279: 7278: 7274: 7271: 7270: 7266: 7263: 7262: 7258: 7257: 7255: 7251: 7244: 7243: 7239: 7236: 7235: 7231: 7228: 7227: 7223: 7220: 7219: 7218:Pandora's Box 7215: 7212: 7211: 7207: 7206: 7204: 7200: 7193: 7192: 7188: 7185: 7184: 7180: 7177: 7173: 7170: 7166: 7163: 7159: 7158: 7156: 7152: 7145: 7144: 7140: 7137: 7136: 7132: 7129: 7128: 7124: 7123: 7121: 7117: 7110: 7109: 7105: 7102: 7101: 7097: 7094: 7093: 7089: 7086: 7085: 7081: 7078: 7077: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7065: 7062: 7061: 7057: 7054: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7045: 7044:Deadly Advice 7041: 7038: 7037: 7033: 7030: 7029: 7025: 7022: 7021: 7017: 7014: 7013: 7009: 7006: 7005: 7001: 6998: 6997: 6993: 6990: 6989: 6985: 6982: 6981: 6977: 6974: 6973: 6969: 6966: 6965: 6961: 6958: 6957: 6953: 6950: 6949: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6937: 6934: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6925: 6921: 6918: 6917: 6913: 6910: 6909: 6908:Pandora's Box 6905: 6902: 6901: 6897: 6894: 6893: 6889: 6888: 6886: 6882: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6862: 6860: 6856: 6850: 6849: 6845: 6843: 6842: 6838: 6837: 6835: 6833:Seminal works 6831: 6827: 6824: 6817: 6812: 6810: 6805: 6803: 6798: 6797: 6794: 6782: 6781: 6772: 6771: 6768: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6728: 6726: 6722: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6695:Dorset Street 6693: 6691: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6681: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6649: 6645: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6620: 6618: 6614: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6578: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6541:George Godley 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6531:Thomas Arnold 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6507: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6480:Annie Chapman 6478: 6477: 6475: 6471: 6467: 6460: 6455: 6453: 6448: 6446: 6441: 6440: 6437: 6431: 6427: 6423: 6421: 6420: 6415: 6412: 6409: 6406: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6393: 6389: 6385: 6382: 6379: 6376: 6373: 6370: 6367: 6364: 6361: 6360: 6356: 6352: 6337: 6292: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6277:Woods, Paul; 6276: 6274: 6270: 6266: 6262: 6261:Wilson, Colin 6259: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6243: 6239: 6235: 6231: 6229: 6225: 6221: 6217: 6215: 6211: 6207: 6203: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6187: 6186:0-7867-0276-1 6183: 6179: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6156: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6142: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6128: 6127:1-903111-32-3 6124: 6120: 6116: 6114: 6113:1-84454-103-7 6110: 6106: 6102: 6100: 6096: 6092: 6088: 6086: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6072: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6054:0-7619-2594-5 6051: 6047: 6043: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6029: 6027: 6026:0-297-79136-2 6023: 6019: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6009:0-7509-2549-3 6006: 6002: 5998: 5996: 5995:1-84119-225-2 5992: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5978: 5977:0-7509-4228-2 5974: 5970: 5966: 5962: 5960: 5959:1-84358-046-2 5956: 5952: 5948: 5946: 5945:0-300-08872-8 5942: 5938: 5934: 5932: 5928: 5924: 5920: 5918: 5914: 5910: 5906: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5890: 5889:0-582-50631-X 5886: 5882: 5878: 5877: 5857: 5856: 5851: 5844: 5828: 5824: 5820: 5813: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5786: 5779: 5770: 5755: 5751: 5748: 5743: 5728: 5724: 5720: 5713: 5707: 5703: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5686: 5677: 5670: 5664: 5655: 5646: 5637: 5628: 5626: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5605: 5598: 5592: 5583: 5574: 5565: 5558: 5552: 5536: 5532: 5526: 5517: 5510: 5505: 5498: 5492: 5485: 5481: 5475: 5466: 5464: 5456: 5448: 5443: 5432: 5429:, pp. 98–99; 5428: 5420: 5412: 5406: 5399: 5393: 5386: 5378: 5373: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5342: 5326: 5322: 5316: 5300: 5296: 5290: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5260: 5244: 5240: 5234: 5228: 5227:0-300-08872-8 5224: 5220: 5214: 5207: 5201: 5185: 5181: 5175: 5166: 5164: 5156: 5152: 5146: 5130: 5123: 5107: 5101: 5094: 5090: 5084: 5077: 5073: 5067: 5060: 5054: 5047: 5037: 5030: 5024: 5009: 5005: 5002: 4997: 4988: 4981: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4952: 4937: 4933: 4932: 4925: 4916: 4914: 4897: 4893: 4887: 4881:Sugden p. 269 4878: 4871: 4865: 4856: 4854: 4844: 4835: 4826: 4810: 4804: 4788: 4782: 4775: 4769: 4762: 4756: 4749: 4743: 4734: 4727: 4721: 4712: 4705: 4699: 4683: 4677: 4670: 4666: 4660: 4653: 4649: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4632: 4623: 4614: 4607: 4601: 4599: 4591: 4583: 4582: 4577: 4571: 4562: 4546: 4540: 4524: 4520: 4514: 4498: 4492: 4483: 4476: 4470: 4461: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4431: 4422: 4411: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4399: 4389: 4380: 4371: 4364: 4360: 4354: 4345: 4336: 4330:, pp. 359–360 4329: 4323: 4317:, pp. 245–252 4316: 4310: 4303: 4297: 4282: 4281: 4273: 4266: 4262: 4259: 4254: 4247: 4241: 4234: 4224: 4217: 4209: 4203: 4194: 4187: 4183: 4175: 4169: 4160: 4144: 4140: 4134: 4127: 4121: 4114: 4108: 4093: 4089: 4088: 4081: 4074: 4068: 4061: 4057: 4049: 4043: 4035: 4033:0-00-255215-9 4029: 4025: 4024:HarperCollins 4021: 4017: 4016:Canter, David 4011: 4009: 3992: 3988: 3982: 3975: 3974:0-9759129-0-9 3971: 3967: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3949: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3908: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3887: 3871: 3867: 3861: 3852: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3832: 3830: 3813: 3809: 3805: 3799: 3790: 3774: 3768: 3759: 3753:, pp. 311–312 3752: 3746: 3737: 3726: 3720: 3713: 3707: 3698: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3677: 3670: 3664: 3657: 3652: 3643: 3636: 3630: 3619: 3618: 3611: 3602: 3586: 3582: 3576: 3569: 3563: 3561: 3559: 3552: 3551:1-902791-05-3 3548: 3544: 3538: 3536: 3529:, pp. 551–568 3528: 3522: 3520: 3503: 3499: 3493: 3486: 3480: 3471: 3462: 3456:, pp. 480–515 3455: 3449: 3442: 3438: 3435: 3430: 3423: 3417: 3408: 3399: 3390: 3381: 3365: 3361: 3355: 3339: 3335: 3329: 3322: 3316: 3310:, pp. 422–439 3309: 3303: 3301: 3293: 3289: 3286: 3281: 3274: 3270: 3267: 3262: 3246: 3242: 3236: 3221:. 8 July 1895 3220: 3216: 3210: 3201: 3190: 3184: 3175: 3166: 3159: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3131: 3125: 3116: 3107: 3100: 3094: 3088:, pp. 339–340 3087: 3079: 3073: 3064: 3055: 3049:, pp. 292–293 3048: 3042: 3035: 3029: 3022: 3018: 3015: 3010: 2994: 2990: 2984: 2968: 2964: 2958: 2952:, pp. 183–184 2951: 2943: 2937: 2928: 2919: 2912: 2906: 2899: 2895: 2892: 2887: 2880: 2874: 2863: 2857: 2855: 2847: 2841: 2832: 2816: 2812: 2806: 2799: 2795: 2792: 2787: 2780: 2776: 2773: 2768: 2761: 2755: 2739: 2735: 2729: 2723:, pp. 176–184 2722: 2716: 2709: 2703: 2694: 2687: 2683: 2680: 2675: 2668: 2662: 2655: 2651: 2645: 2638: 2634: 2631: 2626: 2619: 2613: 2604: 2597: 2593: 2590: 2585: 2578: 2572: 2563: 2554: 2538: 2534: 2528: 2512: 2508: 2502: 2495: 2489: 2482: 2476: 2469: 2465: 2462: 2457: 2448: 2439: 2430: 2423: 2419: 2416: 2411: 2404: 2403:0-582-50631-X 2400: 2397: 2392: 2385: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2367: 2361: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2318: 2310: 2309: 2302: 2295: 2291: 2285: 2278: 2274: 2268: 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7853:Category 7682:" (2020) 7675:" (2008) 7668:" (1999) 7661:" (1995) 7654:" (1967) 7644:Episodes 7507:Darkside 7379:" (1967) 7372:" (1967) 7178:" (1980) 7171:" (1976) 7164:" (1963) 6892:Waxworks 6780:Category 6751:Suspects 6424:Article 6353: · 6281:(2009). 6176:(2002). 6061:(1982), 6016:(1987), 5985:(2000). 5967:(2006). 5750:Archived 5702:Archived 5699:Casebook 5619:, p. 198 5611:(1938). 5535:Archived 5431:The Star 5400:, p. 214 5356:Archived 5325:Archived 5299:Archived 5273:Archived 5243:Archived 5208:, p. 208 5184:Archived 5135:5 August 5112:5 August 5012:19 April 5004:Archived 4980:18408073 4936:archived 4776:, p. 652 4688:5 August 4592:, p. 264 4586:31 March 4523:Archived 4445:archived 4401:Archived 4304:, p. 128 4235:, p. 399 4218:, p. 341 4188:, p. 125 4115:, p. 675 4075:, p. 184 4062:, p. 125 4018:(1994). 3997:16 April 3991:Archived 3950:, p. 136 3921:Archived 3870:Archived 3818:19 April 3812:Archived 3729:31 March 3591:25 April 3585:Archived 3487:, p. 317 3424:, p. 316 3370:26 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1964:, p. 54 1758:Dracula 1565:Referee 1531:of the 1525:ethanol 1376:letters 1365:Letters 1246:erotic 1153:Colonel 1048:sonnets 1019:Chelsea 990:Pimlico 914:3 March 798:of the 749:viscera 682:auricle 668:in the 643:trachea 620:genteel 608:inquest 606:At the 601:bladder 457:3 April 415:3 April 393:(top), 367:Murders 213:of the 128:Victims 123:Details 84:Unknown 7812:(2019) 7804:(2015) 7796:(2015) 7780:(2009) 7772:(2004) 7764:(2000) 7756:(1999) 7748:(1999) 7740:(1996) 7737:Ripper 7732:(1992) 7724:(1987) 7666:Ripper 7628:(2020) 7612:(2017) 7580:(1988) 7572:(1973) 7561:Series 7542:(2017) 7534:(2015) 7526:(2009) 7518:(2007) 7510:(2007) 7502:(2006) 7499:Broken 7494:(2003) 7486:(2003) 7478:(2002) 7470:(2001) 7462:(1998) 7459:Matrix 7454:(1996) 7446:(1993) 7438:(1992) 7430:(1991) 7422:(1987) 7414:(1984) 7406:(1979) 7398:(1969) 7354:(2016) 7346:(2009) 7338:(2005) 7330:(1992) 7322:(1978) 7296:(2009) 7288:(1997) 7272:(1989) 7264:(1985) 7253:Comics 7194:(2014) 7186:(2007) 7146:(1987) 7138:(1976) 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