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1969:
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1981:
135:, experiences believed to be unexplained by any known physical or biological mechanisms. In a 1972 book, Thouless insisted that he and Wiesner had coined this usage of the term "psi" prior to its use in science fiction circles, explaining that their intent was to provide a more neutral term than "ESP" that would not suggest a pre-existing theory of mechanism.
606:
The essential problem is that a large portion of the scientific community, including most research psychologists, regards parapsychology as a pseudoscience, due largely to its failure to move beyond null results in the way science usually does. Ordinarily, when experimental evidence fails repeatedly
269:
Along with
Charles Fort, Campbell believed that there were already many individuals with latent "psi powers" among us unwittingly and he took this belief a step further in considering development of such powers to be the "next step" in human evolution. Throughout his career, Campbell had sought
245:
had become a particular "pet idea" for
Campbell by the time he first published his own science fiction writings as a college student. In a 1932 short story he asserted that "no man in all history ever used even half of the thinking part of his brain". He followed up on this notion in a note to
607:
to support a hypothesis, that hypothesis is abandoned. Within parapsychology, however, more than a century of experimentation has failed to conclusively demonstrate the mere existence of paranormal phenomenon, yet parapsychologists continue to pursue that elusive goal.
543:
is a word invented in the 20th century as an umbrella term to describe human paranormal behavior. It refers to all powers of the mind—from the passive (telepathy or clairvoyance) to the active (telekinesis or pyrokinesis). Psionics is the study of all these
290:
With
Campbell's encouragement, or at his direction, "psionic" abilities began to appear frequently in magazine science fiction stories in the mid-1950s, providing characters with supernormal or supernatural abilities. The first example was
3820:
250:
The total capacity of the mind, even at present, is to all intents and purposes, infinite. Could the full equipment be hooked into a functioning unit, the resulting intelligence should be able to conquer a world without much
973:'I guess you and I, Doc, weren't so sensitive – if you want to believe in telepathy.' 'I have to,' Copper sighted. 'Dr. Rhine of Duke University has shown that it exist, shown that some are much more sensitive than others.'
265:
Is it so strange a thing that this unknown mass should have some unguessed power by which to feel and see beyond, directly, meeting mind to mind in telepathy, sensing direct the truth of things by clairvoyance?
213:
In the 1930s, three men were crucial to inciting John W. Campbell's early enthusiasm for a "new science of the mind" construed as "engineering applied to the mind". The first was mathematician and philosopher
351:(1953) is a pioneering example of a work depicting a society in which people with "psi" abilities are fully integrated. Since the "psi-boom" years coincided with the darkest and most paranoid period of the
3079:
152:
magazine in 1951. Williamson derived it from the "psion", a fictitious "unit of mental energy" described in the same story. (Only later was the term retroactively described in non-fiction articles in
574:, New York: St. Martin's Press, p. 971. This brief entry states that "psionics" is "a common item of s f terminology, referring to the study and use of psi powers, under which head it is discussed."
127:. (This Greek character was chosen as apropos since it is the initial letter of the Greek word ψυχή —meaning "mind" or "soul".) The intent was that "psi" would represent the "unknown factor" in
226:
whose parapsychology laboratory at Duke
University was already famous for its investigations of "ESP" when Campbell was an undergraduate there (1932–34). The third was a non-academic:
3725:
299:
published in early 1955. Examples of psychic abilities in fiction, whether attributed to supernatural agencies or otherwise, predated the "psionics" vogue. But the editors of
1713:
270:
grounds for a new "scientific psychology" and he was instrumental in formulating the brainchild of one of his more imaginative science fiction writers—the "
94:. In the years after the term was coined in 1951, it became increasingly evident that no scientific evidence supports the existence of "psionic" abilities.
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describe and define a post-war "psi-boom" in genre science fiction—"which he engineered"—dating it from the mid-1950s to the early 1960s. They cite
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815:, New York: Dey Street Books/HarperCollins, p. 303 and n. p. 470. Nevala-Lee's text has 1950, but his citation has the correct date (1951).
957:
924:
4111:
4709:
526:
The Weiser Field Guide to the
Paranormal: Abductions, Apparitions, ESP, Synchronicity, and More Unexplained Phenomena from Other Realms
3186:
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1809:
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without consultation with
Campbell at all. He liked it and accepted it for publication, but he suggested that I look into Rhine.
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All the psi powers, of course, used to be in the repertoire of powerful magicians, and most are featured in occult romances.
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He had gotten interested in the work that Joseph Rhine was conducting in psi phenomena at Duke
University. I had written
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Astounding: John W. Campbell, Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, L. Ron
Hubbard, and the Golden Age of Science Fiction
1280:
1141:
1120:
Astounding: John W. Campbell, Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, L. Ron
Hubbard, and the Golden Age of Science Fiction
1082:
Astounding: John W. Campbell, Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, L. Ron
Hubbard, and the Golden Age of Science Fiction
1023:
Astounding: John W. Campbell, Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, L. Ron Hubbard, and the Golden Age of Science Fiction
813:
Astounding: John W. Campbell, Isaac Asimov, Robert A. Heinlein, L. Ron Hubbard, and the Golden Age of Science Fiction
243:
idea that ordinary people only utilize a small fraction of the (potentially enormous) capabilities of the human brain
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1984:
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and was itself devised in the 1940s to refer to the work of early 20th century physician and pseudoscientist
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222:"—who had befriended Campbell when he was an undergraduate (1928–31) at MIT. The second was parapsychologist
123:
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282:—was red hot in 1949 and 1950, but had considerably cooled by 1951 when he saw Hubbard for the last time.
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176:.) The same analogy was subsequently taken up in a number of science fiction-themed neologisms, notably
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Shaver stories", and criticized the beliefs and assertions of Campbell as anti-scientific nonsense.
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1939:
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Nicholls, Peter and Brian Stableford: Entry, "Psi Powers" in Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (1995),
355:, it is natural that many examples of the utility of telepathy in espionage (for example those of
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1973:
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986:
887:, 2nd ed. (1989), Vol. XIII, p. 105. The earliest citation in this sense (number 2) is from 1947.
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strongly encouraged credence in the testimony of people who had experienced telepathy and other "
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Nicholls, Peter and Brian Stableford: Entry, "ESP" in Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (1995),
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Quantum Leaps in the Wrong Direction: Where Real Science Ends...and Pseudoscience Begins
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The word "psionics" first appeared in print in a novella by science fiction writer
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was a proposed discipline that applied principles of engineering (especially
3080:
An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural
1411:
1320:
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486:
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681:
570:
Nicholls, Peter: Entry, "Psionics" in Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (1995),
235:
227:
1189:
Nicholls, Peter; Stableford, Brian (18 November 2019). Clute, John (ed.).
4379:
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2159:
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306:
219:
79:
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35:
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2098:
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1577:
1552:
1487:
423:
59:
39:
1034:
Campbell, John W. (Spring/Summer 1932), "Invaders from the Infinite",
4146:
4034:
3815:
3494:
3489:
3462:
3432:
3415:
2989:
2807:
2757:
2725:
2700:
2565:
2371:
2346:
2311:
2113:
2056:
1677:
1374:
Mystical Diets: Paranormal, Spiritual, and Occult Nutrition Practices
854:
Mystical Diets: Paranormal, Spiritual, and Occult Nutrition Practices
443:
397:
386:
Some of the wind was taken out of the sails of psionics in 1957 when
359:) would be produced. In terms of literary continuity, the editors of
271:
161:
103:
51:
469:
Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience: From Alien Abductions to Zone Therapy
3558:
3484:
3300:
2747:
2306:
2281:
2229:
2189:
2108:
471:(Reprinted ed.). Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 279–298.
380:
352:
278:. Campbell's enthusiasm for Dianetics—which later morphed into the
189:
3164:
4615:
4310:
3474:
2894:
2827:
2737:
2690:
2657:
1607:
1418:
371:
In 1956, Campbell began promoting a psionics device known as the
177:
43:
2994:
1997:
1268:
The New Apocrypha: A Guide to Strange Science and Occult Beliefs
3354:
2802:
1086:
1049:
Campbell, John W. (August 1937), "The Story Behind the Story",
824:
Campbell, John W. (February 1956), "The Science of Psionics",
619:
Thouless, R. H. (1942). "Experiments on paranormal guessing".
3437:
3310:
2376:
1532:
561:(Expanded/revised ed.), New York: Dover Publications, p. 346.
160:.) The new word was derived by analogy with the earlier term
1714:
Association for the Scientific Study of Anomalous Phenomena
1104:
The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy
396:, wrote that the study of psionics is "even funnier than
90:—it never achieved general currency, even among academic
528:. San Francisco, California: Weiser Books. p. 157.
230:, the author and paranormal popularizer whose 1932 book
375:. It faced skepticism from scientists who viewed it as
78:. The word "psionics" began as, and always remained, a
1192:
The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, Themes : ESP
929:(Paperback ed.). London: Routledge. p. 410.
1136:(1st ed.). Tom Doherty Associates. p. 270.
156:
as a portmanteau of "psychic electronics", by editor
1820:
Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research Laboratory
1122:, New York: Dey Street Books/HarperCollins, p. 302.
1064:Campbell, John W. (April 1939), "Strange Worlds",
121:) to parapsychology in an article published in the
1188:
1025:, New York: Dey Street Books/HarperCollins, p. 67.
255:In 1939, he wrote in an editorial in the magazine
1926:Old Souls: The Scientific Evidence for Past Lives
1106:, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, p. 167.
765:From Anecdote to Experiment in Psychical Research
678:"Glossary of Psi (Parapsychological) Terms (L-R)"
4723:
1734:International Association for Near-Death Studies
68:(in the sense of "psychic phenomena") and the -
1098:
1096:
984:
857:. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books. p.
1795:International Institute for Psychical Research
1337:(2nd ed.). New York: Dover Publications.
1305:(2nd ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press.
1241:(2nd ed.). New York: Dover Publications.
86:and—despite the promotional efforts of editor
3180:
2038:List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
2013:
1825:Society for the Study of Supernormal Pictures
1434:
1298:
1055:(note to the short story "The Double Minds").
731:Wynn, Charles M.; Wiggins, Arthur W. (2001).
1933:Parapsychology: Frontier Science of the Mind
1179:, New York: St. Martin's Press, pp. 390–391.
1093:
1084:, New York: Dey Street Books/HarperCollins,
702:Irwin, Harvey J.; Watt, Caroline A. (2007).
730:
706:(5th ed.). Jefferson, North Carolina:
655:. Parapsych.org. 2008-02-28. Archived from
590:. Wesport, Connecticut: Greenwood. p.
285:
3187:
3173:
2020:
2006:
1441:
1427:
1394:Wonder's Child: My Life in Science Fiction
1391:
1351:
1227:
1225:
926:The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction
839:Wonder's Child: My Life in Science Fiction
462:
460:
458:
246:another story published five years later:
3146:The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience
3087:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science
1810:National Laboratory of Psychical Research
1334:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science
1238:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science
701:
558:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science
393:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science
1947:Twenty Cases Suggestive of Reincarnation
1131:
618:
466:
3051:Suppressed research in the Soviet Union
1709:American Society for Psychical Research
1377:. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books.
1327:
1231:
1222:
911:Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary
898:Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary
782:, New York: St. Martin's Press, p. 971.
670:
455:
113:—had introduced the term "psi" (from ψ
16:Science fiction theme of 1950s and '60s
4724:
3931:Writers and Illustrators of the Future
1261:
583:
4747:Discovery and invention controversies
3168:
2001:
1422:
1299:Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (1995).
922:
523:
390:, in the updated edition of his book
1980:
1724:Institut Métapsychique International
1370:
850:
3194:
1302:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
1271:. New York: Stein and Day. p.
1217:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
1177:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
987:"An Interview with Jack Williamson"
779:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
767:, Routledge & Kegan Paul Books.
587:Popular Psychology: An Encyclopedia
572:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
361:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
302:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
38:) to the study (and employment) of
13:
3100:James Randi Educational Foundation
1785:British College of Psychic Science
1448:
1292:
841:; New York: Bluejay Books, p. 189.
639:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1942.tb01036.x
14:
4793:
2027:
1954:Varieties of Anomalous Experience
1898:Journal of Scientific Exploration
704:An Introduction to Parapsychology
4704:
4695:
4694:
3279:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
2497:Strauss–Howe generational theory
2475:Moon landing conspiracy theories
2272:Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
1979:
1968:
1967:
958:"Full text of 'Who Goes There?'"
3125:The Natural History of Quackery
3067:Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
1255:
1210:
1182:
1169:
1156:Leinster, Murray (March 1955),
1150:
1125:
1109:
1071:
1058:
1043:
1028:
1012:
978:
950:
916:
903:
890:
875:
844:
831:
818:
802:
785:
770:
763:Thouless, Robert Henry (1972),
757:
724:
695:
680:. Parapsych.org. Archived from
4656:Science and technology studies
1815:Oxford Phasmatological Society
1805:Metropolitan Psychical Society
1759:Society for Psychical Research
1583:Parapsychology research at SRI
1356:. New York: Dey Street Books.
791:Williamson, Jack (July 1951),
739:. Joseph Henry Press. p.
645:
612:
577:
564:
549:
517:
493:
467:Williams, William F. (2000) .
439:Psychotronics (parapsychology)
1:
1884:Journal of Near-Death Studies
1744:Parapsychological Association
1593:Plant perception (paranormal)
985:Larry McCaffery (July 1991).
622:British Journal of Psychology
449:
429:Psionics (role-playing games)
208:
124:British Journal of Psychology
3132:The Psychology of the Occult
2387:Traditional Chinese medicine
2262:Doktor Koster's Antigaspills
2119:Superseded scientific theory
1780:American Psychical Institute
1739:Koestler Parapsychology Unit
1729:Institute of Noetic Sciences
97:
7:
4200:Space stations and habitats
2743:Electronic voice phenomenon
2600:Myers–Briggs Type Indicator
2460:Chemtrail conspiracy theory
1518:Electronic voice phenomenon
1396:. New York: Bluejay Books.
653:"Parapsychology FAQ Page 1"
505:Online Etymology Dictionary
407:
10:
4798:
3139:The Ragged Edge of Science
2870:Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff
2813:Pseudoscientific metrology
2337:Miracle Mineral Supplement
1846:Skeptics of parapsychology
1800:London Dialectical Society
1719:College of Psychic Studies
913:, 10th ed. (1993), p. 280.
900:, 10th ed. (1993), p. 115.
826:Astounding Science Fiction
797:Astounding Science Fiction
379:and even as an example of
203:
149:Astounding Science Fiction
18:
4689:
4646:Museum of Science Fiction
4603:
4591:Christian science fiction
4583:
4555:Self-replicating machines
4516:
4430:
4399:
4303:
4218:
4175:
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4081:
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3274:
3267:
3202:
3059:
3023:
2850:
2753:Facilitated communication
2683:
2613:
2417:
2152:
2139:
2044:
2035:
1963:
1891:Journal of Parapsychology
1854:
1841:List of parapsychologists
1833:
1772:
1749:Parapsychology Foundation
1701:
1465:
1456:
1392:Williamson, Jack (1984).
1352:Nevala-Lee, Alec (2018).
1037:Amazing Stories Quarterly
884:Oxford English Dictionary
837:Williamson, Jack (1984),
419:List of psychic abilities
218:—known as the "father of
84:science fiction community
3153:The Skeptic's Dictionary
2711:Biological transmutation
2631:Faster-than-light travel
2605:Enneagram of Personality
2571:Recovered-memory therapy
2455:9/11 conspiracy theories
1940:The Roots of Coincidence
1503:Dermo-optical perception
1052:Thrilling Wonder Stories
909:Entry “Cryonics” in the
881:Entry “Radionic” in the
584:Cordón, Luis A. (2005).
555:Gardner, Martin (1957),
164:. (“Radionics” combined
4757:Hypothetical technology
4524:Artificial intelligence
4422:Simulated consciousness
3118:The Demon-Haunted World
3036:Bourgeois pseudoscience
2470:COVID-19 misinformation
2409:Young blood transfusion
2180:Anthroposophic medicine
1870:Extrasensory Perception
1863:An Experiment with Time
1790:Cambridge Ghost Society
1523:Extrasensory perception
1473:Apparitional experience
1132:Anderson, Poul (1981).
1102:Westfahl, Gary (2005),
991:Science Fiction Studies
896:Entry “Bionics” in the
708:McFarland & Company
434:Psychotronic harassment
414:Extrasensory perception
129:extrasensory perception
48:extrasensory perception
30:of the 1950s and '60s,
4782:Science fiction themes
4762:Paranormal terminology
4676:Technology and society
3544:Science Fiction Museum
2950:Corentin Louis Kervran
2818:Rapid prompting method
2706:Biodynamic agriculture
2696:Aquatic ape hypothesis
2554:Historical negationism
2257:Doctrine of signatures
2124:True-believer syndrome
1568:Out-of-body experience
793:The Greatest Invention
524:Joyce, Judith (2011).
369:
267:
253:
144:The Greatest Invention
21:Psion (disambiguation)
4275:Organ transplantation
3534:Libraries and museums
3455:Cyberpunk derivatives
3409:Utopian and dystopian
2955:The Light (newspaper)
2945:Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
2940:William Donald Kelley
2833:Voice stress analysis
2465:Climate change denial
2404:Wind turbine syndrome
2399:Vertebral subluxation
2292:Germ theory denialism
1773:Defunct organizations
1754:Rhine Research Center
1558:Near-death experience
1158:The Psionic Mousetrap
365:
297:The Psionic Mousetrap
280:Church of Scientology
263:
248:
102:In 1942, two authors—
88:John W. Campbell, Jr.
4752:Fictional technology
4626:Fictional technology
4621:Fictional astronauts
4478:Frankenstein complex
2905:Ignatius L. Donnelly
2576:Past life regression
2435:Arabian Judah theory
2382:Traditional medicine
2175:Alternative medicine
2104:Pathological science
1702:Active organizations
1588:Past life regression
923:Bould, Mark (2011).
341:(1956) as examples.
19:For other uses, see
4742:American inventions
4666:Speculative fiction
4260:Genetic engineering
3041:Demarcation problem
2875:Brigitte Boisselier
2504:Hollow Earth theory
2487:Generational theory
2185:Applied kinesiology
1538:Kirlian photography
1528:Ganzfeld experiment
1371:Raso, Jack (1992).
851:Raso, Jack (1992).
629:. London, England:
261:, which he edited:
236:anomalous phenomena
188:; coined 1960) and
117:23rd letter of the
46:phenomena, such as
4737:1951 introductions
4493:Message from space
4458:Ancient astronauts
4346:Parallel universes
4321:Extrasolar planets
4228:Biological warfare
3350:Parallel universes
3232:Scientific romance
3111:Skeptical Inquirer
3010:Paul Joseph Watson
2985:Hans Alfred Nieper
2823:Statement analysis
2773:Intelligent design
2648:Reactionless drive
2482:Conversion therapy
2430:Ancient astronauts
2317:Leaky gut syndrome
2297:HIV/AIDS denialism
2052:Cargo cult science
1498:Deathbed phenomena
373:Hieronymus machine
348:The Demolished Man
224:Joseph Banks Rhine
4719:
4718:
4611:Alternate history
4599:
4598:
4560:Simulated reality
4290:Sex and sexuality
4243:Extraterrestrials
4162:
4161:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3726:Campbell Memorial
3503:
3502:
3372:Planetary romance
3162:
3161:
3073:Cults of Unreason
3046:Scientific method
2975:Ministry of Ayush
2920:Nicholas Gonzalez
2846:
2845:
2783:Law of attraction
2763:Flat Earth theory
2643:Quantum mysticism
2583:Scientific racism
2539:Pseudoarchaeology
2445:Conspiracy theory
2143:characterized as
2087:Pseudomathematics
2077:Pseudoarchaeology
1995:
1994:
1613:Psychic detective
1573:Pam Reynolds case
1478:Astral projection
1312:978-0-312-13486-0
1005:With Folded Hands
333:Frank M. Robinson
315:Theodore Sturgeon
109:and psychologist
92:parapsychologists
4789:
4732:1950s neologisms
4708:
4698:
4697:
4536:Astroengineering
4468:Evil corporation
4195:Matrioshka brain
4173:
4172:
4112:List of TV shows
3998:
3997:
3678:
3677:
3512:
3511:
3382:Sword and planet
3272:
3271:
3189:
3182:
3175:
3166:
3165:
3015:Andrew Wakefield
2716:Creation science
2675:Water-fueled car
2637:Perpetual motion
2559:Holocaust denial
2529:Nibiru cataclysm
2524:Nazi archaeology
2327:Macrobiotic diet
2150:
2149:
2022:
2015:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1983:
1982:
1971:
1970:
1912:Life Before Life
1877:Irreducible Mind
1443:
1436:
1429:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1388:
1367:
1348:
1324:
1287:
1286:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1229:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1186:
1180:
1173:
1167:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1129:
1123:
1116:Nevala-Lee, Alec
1113:
1107:
1100:
1091:
1078:Nevala-Lee, Alec
1075:
1069:
1062:
1056:
1047:
1041:
1032:
1026:
1019:Nevala-Lee, Alec
1016:
1010:
1009:
982:
976:
975:
970:
969:
960:. Archived from
954:
948:
947:
945:
943:
920:
914:
907:
901:
894:
888:
879:
873:
872:
848:
842:
835:
829:
822:
816:
809:Nevala-Lee, Alec
806:
800:
789:
783:
774:
768:
761:
755:
754:
738:
728:
722:
721:
699:
693:
692:
690:
689:
674:
668:
667:
665:
664:
649:
643:
642:
616:
610:
609:
581:
575:
568:
562:
553:
547:
546:
521:
515:
514:
512:
511:
497:
491:
490:
464:
377:pseudoscientific
363:point out that:
200:; coined 1967).
158:John W. Campbell
58:. The term is a
4797:
4796:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4715:
4714:
4685:
4661:Sense of wonder
4595:
4579:
4512:
4508:Xenoarchaeology
4483:Galactic empire
4438:Africanfuturism
4426:
4395:
4299:
4214:
4158:
4098:
4077:
4041:
3981:
3940:
3703:
3697:
3669:
3563:
3499:
3449:
3426:Techno-thriller
3394:Climate fiction
3362:Science fantasy
3316:Anime and manga
3263:
3222:Anthropological
3198:
3196:Science fiction
3193:
3163:
3158:
3055:
3031:Bogdanov affair
3019:
2999:Claude Vorilhon
2885:Robert Charroux
2860:Sucharit Bhakdi
2852:
2842:
2679:
2609:
2549:Genocide denial
2514:Japhetic theory
2509:Indigo children
2425:2012 phenomenon
2413:
2357:Patent medicine
2277:Energy medicine
2250:Colon cleansing
2235:Crystal healing
2170:Adrenal fatigue
2144:
2142:
2135:
2040:
2031:
2026:
1996:
1991:
1959:
1905:Life After Life
1850:
1829:
1768:
1697:
1658:Sensory leakage
1623:Psychic surgery
1618:Psychic reading
1548:Materialization
1508:Dream telepathy
1461:
1452:
1447:
1404:
1385:
1364:
1345:
1329:Gardner, Martin
1313:
1295:
1293:Further reading
1290:
1283:
1260:
1256:
1249:
1233:Gardner, Martin
1230:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1187:
1183:
1174:
1170:
1163:Amazing Stories
1155:
1151:
1144:
1130:
1126:
1114:
1110:
1101:
1094:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1059:
1048:
1044:
1033:
1029:
1017:
1013:
983:
979:
967:
965:
956:
955:
951:
941:
939:
937:
921:
917:
908:
904:
895:
891:
880:
876:
869:
849:
845:
836:
832:
823:
819:
807:
803:
790:
786:
775:
771:
762:
758:
751:
729:
725:
718:
700:
696:
687:
685:
676:
675:
671:
662:
660:
651:
650:
646:
631:Wiley-Blackwell
617:
613:
602:
582:
578:
569:
565:
554:
550:
536:
522:
518:
509:
507:
499:
498:
494:
479:
465:
456:
452:
410:
357:Randall Garrett
320:More Than Human
293:Murray Leinster
288:
211:
206:
140:Jack Williamson
111:Robert Thouless
107:Bertold Wiesner
100:
28:science fiction
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4795:
4785:
4784:
4779:
4777:Psychic powers
4774:
4769:
4767:Parapsychology
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4702:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4651:Rubber science
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4631:Future history
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4587:
4585:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4520:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4453:Alien language
4450:
4448:Alien invasion
4445:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4412:Mind uploading
4409:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4307:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4270:Nanotechnology
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4251:
4250:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4224:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4212:
4207:
4205:Stellar engine
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4170:
4164:
4163:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4108:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4091:
4085:
4083:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4049:
4047:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4032:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4006:
4004:
3995:
3991:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3707:
3705:
3702:Literary, art,
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3684:
3682:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3515:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3459:
3457:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3325:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3281:
3275:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3214:
3208:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3169:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3027:
3025:
3024:Related topics
3021:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3005:Randolph Stone
3002:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2980:Theodor Morell
2977:
2972:
2970:Joseph Mercola
2967:
2965:Jenny McCarthy
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2930:Graham Hancock
2927:
2925:Goop (company)
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2900:Vernon Coleman
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2856:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2665:Teleportation
2662:
2661:
2660:
2655:
2645:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2593:Melanin theory
2590:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2541:
2536:
2534:Parapsychology
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2484:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2421:
2419:
2418:Social science
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2367:Primal therapy
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2332:Magnet therapy
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2245:Detoxification
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2147:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2130:Voodoo Science
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2072:Fringe science
2064:
2059:
2054:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2025:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1977:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1764:The Ghost Club
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1683:Thoughtography
1680:
1675:
1670:
1668:Superconscious
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1648:Retrocognition
1645:
1643:Remote viewing
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1450:Parapsychology
1446:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1402:
1389:
1383:
1368:
1362:
1349:
1343:
1325:
1311:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1254:
1247:
1221:
1209:
1181:
1168:
1149:
1142:
1124:
1108:
1092:
1070:
1057:
1042:
1027:
1011:
993:. 18, Part 2.
977:
949:
936:978-0415453790
935:
915:
902:
889:
874:
867:
843:
830:
817:
801:
784:
769:
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750:978-0309073097
749:
723:
717:978-0786430598
716:
694:
669:
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611:
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576:
563:
548:
535:978-1609252984
534:
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492:
477:
453:
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431:
426:
421:
416:
409:
406:
388:Martin Gardner
311:Jack of Eagles
287:
286:The "psi-boom"
284:
276:L. Ron Hubbard
216:Norbert Wiener
210:
207:
205:
202:
146:—published in
119:Greek alphabet
99:
96:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4794:
4783:
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4778:
4775:
4773:
4772:Pseudoscience
4770:
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4758:
4755:
4753:
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4641:Magic realism
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4522:
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4517:Technological
4515:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4498:Transhumanism
4496:
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4473:First contact
4471:
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4408:
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4400:Psychological
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4371:Teleportation
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
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4351:Portable hole
4349:
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4177:Architectural
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4073:Short stories
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3896:Tähtivaeltaja
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3343:Space Western
3341:
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3329:
3328:Space warfare
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3094:Fortean Times
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2890:Deepak Chopra
2888:
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2878:
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2873:
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2853:pseudoscience
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2724:
2722:
2721:Cryptozoology
2719:
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2707:
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2702:
2699:
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2649:
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2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2621:Anti-gravity
2619:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
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2591:
2589:
2586:
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2569:
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2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2544:Pseudohistory
2542:
2540:
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2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
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2502:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:Generationism
2490:
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2480:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2450:5G conspiracy
2448:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2440:Catastrophism
2438:
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2287:FasciaBlaster
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2225:Correactology
2223:
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2220:Chromotherapy
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2168:
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2158:
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2145:pseudoscience
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2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2082:Pseudohistory
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2067:Fringe theory
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2034:
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2029:Pseudoscience
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1663:Spoon bending
1661:
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1638:Reincarnation
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1363:9780062571946
1359:
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1282:9780812817126
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1234:
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1143:9780523485157
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1038:
1031:
1024:
1020:
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1008:
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1000:
996:
992:
988:
981:
974:
964:on 2016-03-20
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773:
766:
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746:
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736:
727:
719:
713:
710:. p. 6.
709:
705:
698:
684:on 2010-08-24
683:
679:
673:
659:on 2007-06-26
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343:Alfred Bester
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325:Wilson Tucker
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174:Albert Abrams
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133:psychokinesis
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56:psychokinesis
53:
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45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
4671:Supernatural
4443:Afrofuturism
4416:
4356:Space travel
4265:Invisibility
4233:Energy being
4210:Terraforming
4190:Dyson sphere
4185:Colonization
4117:Australasian
4010:Film history
3791:Grand Master
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3109:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
2960:Mike Lindell
2880:Rhonda Byrne
2851:Promoters of
2838:Water memory
2778:Laundry ball
2670:Tractor beam
2626:Cold fusion
2322:Lunar effect
2267:Ear candling
2215:Chiropractic
2205:Bloodletting
2195:Bates method
2165:Aromatherapy
2128:
2094:Junk science
1985:
1972:
1952:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1919:Mental Radio
1917:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1855:Publications
1653:Second sight
1603:Precognition
1493:Clairvoyance
1393:
1373:
1353:
1333:
1301:
1267:
1263:Sladek, John
1257:
1236:
1216:
1212:
1200:. Retrieved
1191:
1184:
1176:
1171:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1133:
1127:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1085:
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1073:
1065:
1060:
1050:
1045:
1035:
1030:
1022:
1014:
1004:
1002:
990:
980:
972:
966:. Retrieved
962:the original
952:
940:. Retrieved
925:
918:
910:
905:
897:
892:
882:
877:
853:
846:
838:
833:
825:
820:
812:
804:
799:, pp. 56–96.
796:
792:
787:
777:
772:
764:
759:
734:
726:
703:
697:
686:. Retrieved
682:the original
672:
661:. Retrieved
657:the original
647:
626:
620:
614:
605:
586:
579:
571:
566:
556:
551:
540:
539:
525:
519:
508:. Retrieved
504:
495:
468:
402:Ray Palmer's
391:
385:
370:
366:
360:
346:
336:
328:
318:
310:
300:
296:
289:
268:
264:
256:
254:
249:
240:
232:Wild Talents
231:
228:Charles Fort
212:
197:
193:
185:
181:
169:
165:
153:
147:
143:
137:
122:
114:
101:
73:
69:
63:
31:
26:In American
25:
4529:AI takeover
4376:Time travel
4336:Inertialess
4326:Force field
4316:Black holes
4285:Prosthetics
4147:Live-action
3916:Translation
3911:Tour-Apollo
3786:Golden Duck
3688:Jules Verne
3554:Women in SF
3519:Conventions
3404:Libertarian
3367:Dying Earth
3338:Space opera
3306:Inner space
3217:Definitions
2865:Del Bigtree
2352:Panchagavya
2342:Naturopathy
2210:Body memory
2160:Acupuncture
2045:Terminology
1693:Zener cards
1673:Telekinesis
1633:Pyrokinesis
1628:Psychometry
1598:Poltergeist
942:11 December
331:(1954) and
329:Wild Talent
307:James Blish
295:'s novella
251:difficulty.
220:cybernetics
198:electronics
186:electronics
170:electronics
82:within the
80:term of art
75:electronics
36:electronics
4726:Categories
4565:Spacecraft
4541:Holography
4407:Group mind
4386:Warp drive
4341:Multiverse
4331:Hyperspace
4220:Biological
4104:Television
4068:Publishers
4046:Literature
3945:Multimedia
3861:Prometheus
3796:Grand Prix
3711:Astounding
3575:Australian
3480:Dieselpunk
3445:Underwater
3244:Golden Age
3105:Quackwatch
2935:David Icke
2915:Max Gerson
2910:Gaia, Inc.
2798:Numerology
2793:Lysenkoism
2788:Levitation
2768:Graphology
2653:Dean drive
2588:Aryan race
2519:Mediumship
2394:Trepanning
2362:Phrenology
2302:Homeopathy
2200:Biorhythms
2099:Paranormal
1688:Xenoglossy
1578:Paranormal
1553:Mediumship
1543:Levitation
1488:Bilocation
1403:0312944543
1384:0879757612
1344:0486203948
1248:0486203948
1202:13 January
968:2018-03-26
868:0879757612
688:2014-04-11
663:2014-04-11
601:0313324573
510:2014-01-29
478:1579582079
450:References
424:Paranormal
209:Background
154:Astounding
60:blend word
40:paranormal
4584:Religious
4295:Symbiosis
4280:Parasites
4238:Evolution
4058:Magazines
4035:Tokusatsu
3816:Kitschies
3746:Deutscher
3704:and audio
3681:Cinematic
3635:Norwegian
3625:Hungarian
3585:Brazilian
3495:Steampunk
3490:Solarpunk
3463:Cyberpunk
3433:Tokusatsu
3416:Tech noir
3399:Christian
3377:Superhero
3268:Subgenres
3060:Resources
2990:Mehmet Oz
2808:Polygraph
2758:Feng shui
2726:Dianetics
2701:Astrology
2566:Pseudolaw
2372:Radionics
2347:Palmistry
2312:Iridology
2114:Snake oil
2057:Charlatan
1678:Telepathy
1513:Ectoplasm
1219:, p. 972.
1068:, p. 162.
1040:, p. 216.
999:0091-7729
633:: 15–27.
501:"psionic"
444:Radionics
398:Dianetics
338:The Power
272:Dianetics
162:radionics
104:biologist
98:Etymology
52:telepathy
4700:Category
4570:Tachyons
4417:Psionics
4391:Wormhole
4361:Stargate
4304:Physical
4137:Japanese
4132:European
4127:Canadian
4025:Japanese
3977:Spectrum
3957:Chandler
3891:Sunburst
3886:Sturgeon
3876:Sidewise
3866:Rhysling
3836:Nautilus
3806:Heinlein
3761:Endeavor
3716:Aurealis
3665:Yugoslav
3645:Romanian
3630:Japanese
3615:Estonian
3605:Croatian
3590:Canadian
3559:Worldcon
3529:Fanzines
3485:Nanopunk
3468:Japanese
3333:Military
3301:Grimdark
3296:Feminist
3259:Timeline
3254:New Wave
2748:Eugenics
2731:Auditing
2307:Humorism
2282:Fad diet
2230:Cryonics
2190:Ayurveda
2153:Medicine
2109:Quackery
1974:Category
1412:10850987
1331:(1986).
1321:32820856
1265:(1974).
1235:(1986).
1197:Gollancz
1118:(2018),
1080:(2018),
1021:(2018),
811:(2018),
487:44604048
408:See also
381:quackery
353:Cold War
323:(1953),
313:(1952),
190:cryonics
32:psionics
4616:Fantasy
4604:Related
4575:Weapons
4550:Cyborgs
4311:Ansible
4122:British
4094:Theatre
3906:Tiptree
3881:Skylark
3826:Laßwitz
3811:Ignotus
3801:Harland
3776:Gaughan
3766:FantLab
3731:Chesley
3660:Spanish
3655:Serbian
3650:Russian
3600:Chinese
3595:Chilean
3580:Bengali
3549:Studies
3508:Culture
3475:Biopunk
3323:Mundane
3289:Sitcoms
3249:History
3212:Authors
3204:Outline
2895:Clonaid
2828:Ufology
2738:Dowsing
2691:Alchemy
2658:EMDrive
2614:Physics
2240:Cupping
2141:Topics
1986:Commons
1608:Psychic
1459:Outline
1134:Fantasy
1066:Unknown
544:powers.
541:Psionic
258:Unknown
204:History
178:bionics
44:psychic
4710:Portal
4636:Horror
4546:Robots
4503:Uplift
4431:Social
4380:Viewer
4255:Gender
4168:Themes
4063:Novels
4053:Comics
4020:Indian
3962:Dragon
3952:Aurora
3936:Zajdel
3921:Urania
3856:Parsec
3851:Norton
3841:Nebula
3821:Lambda
3781:Geffen
3771:Galaxy
3756:Ditmar
3736:Clarke
3693:Saturn
3674:Awards
3640:Polish
3620:French
3568:Region
3524:Fandom
3421:Spy-Fi
3389:Social
3355:Isekai
3284:Comedy
2803:Orgone
1834:People
1533:Ghosts
1466:Topics
1410:
1400:
1381:
1360:
1341:
1319:
1309:
1279:
1245:
1140:
1087:passim
997:
933:
865:
747:
714:
598:
532:
485:
475:
4681:Weird
4463:Black
4366:Stars
4142:Anime
4089:Opera
4082:Stage
4030:Anime
4015:Films
3994:Media
3972:Seiun
3926:Vogel
3871:SFERA
3846:Nommo
3831:Locus
3741:Crook
3610:Czech
3539:ISFDB
3438:Kaiju
3311:Mecha
2684:Other
2377:Reiki
2062:Crank
1483:Auras
274:" of
194:cryo-
168:with
166:radio
72:from
70:onics
4548:and
4488:LGBT
4248:List
4154:U.S.
4002:Film
3967:Hugo
3751:Dick
3721:BSFA
3237:Soft
3227:Hard
2995:Raël
1408:OCLC
1398:ISBN
1379:ISBN
1358:ISBN
1339:ISBN
1317:OCLC
1307:ISBN
1277:ISBN
1243:ISBN
1204:2020
1138:ISBN
995:ISSN
944:2015
931:ISBN
863:ISBN
745:ISBN
712:ISBN
596:ISBN
530:ISBN
483:OCLC
473:ISBN
241:The
182:bio-
131:and
115:psi,
54:and
3901:TBD
1563:Orb
1273:269
859:268
741:152
635:doi
592:182
400:or
345:'s
335:'s
327:'s
317:'s
309:'s
238:".
65:psi
62:of
42:or
4728::
1406:.
1315:.
1275:.
1224:^
1195:.
1160:,
1095:^
1001:.
989:.
971:.
861:.
795:,
743:.
627:33
625:.
604:.
594:.
538:.
503:.
481:.
457:^
383:.
196:+
184:+
50:,
4382:)
4378:(
3188:e
3181:t
3174:v
3001:)
2997:(
2639:
2633:
2021:e
2014:t
2007:v
1442:e
1435:t
1428:v
1414:.
1387:.
1366:.
1347:.
1323:.
1285:.
1251:.
1206:.
1166:.
1146:.
1090:.
946:.
871:.
828:.
753:.
720:.
691:.
666:.
641:.
637::
513:.
489:.
192:(
180:(
142:—
23:.
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