811:
56:
22:
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origin of material in their reports for fear that the role of the companies as intercept partners would cause "high-level political fallout". The companies are forbidden to reveal the existence of warrants compelling them to allow GCHQ access to the cables. If the companies fail to comply they can be compelled to do so.
705:
of data a second. NSA analysts were brought into the trials, and
Tempora was launched in 2011, with data shared with the NSA. Ongoing technical work is expanding GCHQ's capacity to collect data from new super cables that carry data at 100 gigabits a second. The data is preserved for three days while
686:
claims that no distinction is made in the gathering of data between public citizens and targeted suspects. Tempora is said to include recordings of telephone calls, the content of email messages, Facebook entries and the personal
Internet history of users. Snowden said of Tempora that "It's not just
690:
Claims exist that
Tempora was possible only by way of secret agreements with commercial companies, described in Snowden's leaked documents as "intercept partners". Some companies are alleged to have been paid for their co-operation. Snowden also alleged that GCHQ staff were urged to disguise the
787:
parliamentary group, called for an infringement procedure against the United
Kingdom for having violated its obligations relating to the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data under Article 16 of the
669:" (GTE). He claimed that each is intended to collate online and telephone traffic. This contradicts two original documents, which say that Tempora is only for Internet traffic, just like the
362:
1426:
1150:
799:
ruled that the UK's mass data interception and retention programmes, including TEMPORA, "was unlawful and incompatible with the conditions necessary for a democratic society".
694:
Lawyers for GCHQ said it would be impossible to list the total number of people targeted by
Tempora because "this would be an infinite list which we couldn't manage".
433:
397:
879:
873:
75:
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website since the beginning of the NSA leaks of PRISM and
Tempora "in order to prevent an unauthorized disclosure of classified information."
1181:
713:
TEMPORA comprises different components, like the actual access points to fibre-optic cables, a sanitisation program codenamed POKERFACE, the
577:
85:
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242:
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605:, so these can be processed and searched at a later time. It was tested from 2008 and became operational in late 2011.
382:
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and other media asking the media to refrain from running further stories related to surveillance leaks including US
303:
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GCHQ report on the technical abilities of the powerful spying program TEMPORA, which allows for a "full take"
407:
151:
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748:
666:
563:
227:
166:
37:
624:. The intercepts are placed with the knowledge of companies owning either the cables or landing stations.
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in
Cornwall. GCHQ had probes attached to more than 201 Internet links by mid-2011; each probe carried 10
1396:
617:
616:. The intercepts are placed in the United Kingdom and on the UK military base at Ayios Nikolaos in the
217:
1358:
612:
to gain access to large amounts of
Internet users' personal data, without any individual suspicion or
392:
377:
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975:
884:
646:
551:
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517:
372:
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645:. Documents Snowden acquired showed that data collected by the Tempora program is shared with the
1076:
512:
1411:
662:
631:, a former American intelligence contractor who leaked information about the program to former
191:
176:
680:
than NSA. By May 2012, 300 GCHQ analysts and 250 NSA analysts had been assigned to sort data.
1401:
816:
621:
613:
428:
850:
776:
466:
461:
121:
1323:
MacAskill, Ewen; Borger, Julian; Hopkins, Nick; Davies, Nick; Ball, James (21 June 2013).
8:
497:
313:
161:
46:
1213:
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a U.S. problem. The U.K. has a huge dog in this fight...They are worse than the U.S."
471:
1288:
609:
602:
451:
1184:
Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger: Justizministerin entsetzt über britisches Abhörprogramm
1317:
TEMPORA – "The World's
Largest XKEYSCORE" – Is Now Available to Qualified NSA Users
980:
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889:
856:
546:
529:
308:
293:
1074:
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is the codeword for a formerly-secret computer system that is used by the
British
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770:
658:
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1380:
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894:
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934:"The UK Tempora Program Captures Vast Amounts of Data – and Shares with NSA"
720:
In May 2012, GCHQ had TEMPORA systems installed at the following locations:
1126:
1085:
904:
633:
524:
502:
283:
1081:"GCHQ taps fibre-optic cables for secret access to world's communications"
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system developed by NSA, and a Massive Volume Reduction (MVR) capability.
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131:
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288:
141:
740:
714:
698:
670:
492:
323:
247:
186:
101:
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system of the NSA, components of which are incorporated in Tempora.
608:
Tempora uses intercepts on the fibre-optic cables that serve as the
1031:"Leaked memos reveal GCHQ efforts to keep mass surveillance secret"
845:
707:
677:
598:
298:
126:
1338:"BT and Vodafone among telecoms companies passing details to GCHQ"
1151:"Restricted web access to The Guardian is Armywide, officials say"
702:
171:
111:
55:
976:"A simple guide to GCHQ's internet surveillance program Tempora"
1336:
Ball, James; Harding, Luke; Garside, Juliette (2 August 2013).
1122:"MoD serves news outlets with D notice over surveillance leaks"
824:
641:
in May 2013 as part of his revelations of government-sponsored
267:
1281:"The UK's mass surveillance regime has broken the law (again)"
21:
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23 for 10 gigabit/second cables at the RPC1 processing centre
106:
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16 for 10 gigabit/second cables at the CPC processing centre
727:
7 for 10 gigabit/second cables at the OPC processing centre
262:
181:
26:
1075:
Ewen MacAskill; Julian Borger; Nick Hopkins; Nick Davies;
1427:
Intelligence agency programmes revealed by Edward Snowden
744:
754:
The US Army has restricted its employees' access to the
16:
GCHQ-operated Internet and telephone surveillance system
783:
and spokesperson for Justice and Home Affairs of the
806:
676:It is alleged that GCHQ produces larger amounts of
1335:
1214:"Twitter / sls_bmj: #sls "#Tempora Alptraum a la"
874:Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act
1378:
1278:
957:
955:
953:
951:
661:, Tempora has two principal components called "
1279:Leprince-Ringuet, Daphne (13 September 2018).
1148:
1022:
880:Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)
1325:"How does GCHQ's internet surveillance work?"
751:program and the British involvement therein.
571:
1004:"NSA und GCHQ auf Zypern - Insel der Spione"
948:
995:
973:
931:
765:tweeted that she considered the program an
739:UK Defence officials issued a confidential
597:(GCHQ). This system is used to buffer most
1110:, Released by Der Spiegel on 18 June 2014.
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1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
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578:
564:
1319:, released by Der Spiegel on 18 June 2014
1254:"Data protection, data flows, and Brexit"
1001:
964:, released by Der Spiegel on 18 June 2014
627:The existence of Tempora was revealed by
1356:
1119:
1113:
836:List of government surveillance projects
20:
1179:
1049:
1002:Obermaier, Frederik (5 November 2013).
841:Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom
601:communications that are extracted from
1379:
927:
925:
595:Government Communications Headquarters
27:Government Communications Headquarters
1108:Report on the NSA’s access to TEMPORA
773:institutions investigate the matter.
1028:
1236:"Amerikanischer als die Amerikaner"
922:
831:Karma Police (surveillance program)
761:German Federal Minister of Justice
477:Surveillance issues in smart cities
13:
763:Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger
697:GCHQ set up a three-year trial at
197:Jindalee Operational Radar Network
14:
1438:
1310:
781:Member of the European Parliament
809:
769:("nightmare") and demanded that
54:
1357:Schneier, Bruce (5 June 2014).
1272:
1246:
1228:
1206:
1173:
1149:Phillip Molnar (28 June 2013).
1120:Halliday, Josh (17 June 2013).
1029:Ball, James (25 October 2013).
1422:Internet in the United Kingdom
1359:"GCHQ Intercept Sites in Oman"
1142:
1101:
967:
797:European Court of Human Rights
790:Treaties of the European Union
1:
1387:Privacy of telecommunications
915:
408:Investigatory Powers Act 2016
932:Philip Bump (21 June 2013).
734:
667:Global Telecoms Exploitation
652:
7:
802:
10:
1443:
1392:Secret government programs
643:mass surveillance programs
618:British Overseas Territory
710:is kept for thirty days.
393:National Intelligence Law
378:Data Protection Directive
29:(GCHQ) operates "Tempora"
1180:Politik (22 June 2013).
885:Website visitor tracking
827:– European Union project
647:National Security Agency
610:backbone of the Internet
552:Nothing to hide argument
373:Data Retention Directive
795:In September 2018, the
1240:jetzt.de (SĂĽddeutsche)
864:UKUSA SIGINT Agreement
663:Mastering the Internet
649:of the United States.
192:Mastering the Internet
30:
1407:Surveillance scandals
817:United Kingdom portal
622:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
429:FISA Improvements Act
24:
1363:Schneier on Security
851:Signals intelligence
777:Jan Philipp Albrecht
462:Secure communication
304:Southern Cross Cable
936:. The Atlantic Wire
498:Intelligence agency
314:Bad Aibling Station
162:Boundless Informant
47:Global surveillance
603:fibre-optic cables
472:Call detail record
31:
1397:Mass surveillance
1260:. 19 October 2020
974:Shubber, Kadhim.
588:
587:
452:Mass surveillance
398:Cybersecurity Law
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1157:. Archived from
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1079:(21 June 2013).
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910:Internet privacy
890:Browsing history
857:Tempora mutantur
819:
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580:
573:
566:
547:Stop Watching Us
418:Proposed changes
309:Utah Data Center
58:
33:
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1417:GCHQ operations
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1242:. 23 June 2013.
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869:NSA ANT catalog
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639:Glenn Greenwald
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457:Culture of fear
434:Other proposals
363:FISA amendments
358:USA Freedom Act
343:UKUSA Agreement
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1311:External links
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1161:on 1 July 2013
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1008:SĂĽddeutsche.de
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771:European Union
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659:Edward Snowden
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629:Edward Snowden
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485:Related topics
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895:Web analytics
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860:– Latin adage
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665:" (MTI) and "
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657:According to
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1402:Surveillance
1366:. Retrieved
1362:
1346:. Retrieved
1342:The Guardian
1341:
1329:The Guardian
1328:
1296:. Retrieved
1284:
1274:
1262:. Retrieved
1258:After Brexit
1257:
1248:
1239:
1230:
1218:. Retrieved
1208:
1196:. Retrieved
1189:
1183:
1175:
1163:. Retrieved
1159:the original
1154:
1144:
1132:. Retrieved
1127:The Guardian
1125:
1115:
1103:
1091:. Retrieved
1086:The Guardian
1084:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:The Guardian
1034:
1024:
1014:25 September
1012:. Retrieved
1007:
997:
985:. Retrieved
979:
969:
938:. Retrieved
905:Surveillance
855:
794:
775:
766:
760:
755:
753:
738:
719:
712:
696:
693:
689:
684:The Guardian
683:
682:
675:
656:
632:
626:
607:
590:
589:
525:Human rights
503:Cryptography
294:Menwith Hill
284:The Doughnut
136:
81:2013–present
45:
18:
1298:14 February
1264:14 February
1194:(in German)
1191:Der Spiegel
1010:(in German)
637:journalist
132:Stone Ghost
63:Disclosures
1381:Categories
1348:2 November
1077:James Ball
1041:25 October
916:References
900:Web mining
785:Greens/EFA
767:"Alptraum"
542:Satellites
339:Five Eyes
289:Fort Meade
142:Frenchelon
1331:. London.
1293:1357-0978
1216:. Twitter
779:, German
741:DA-Notice
735:Reactions
715:XKEYSCORE
699:GCHQ Bude
671:XKeyscore
653:Operation
614:targeting
493:Espionage
324:GCHQ Bude
248:Five Eyes
187:RAMPART-A
122:Carnivore
102:XKeyscore
86:Reactions
1344:. London
1285:Wired UK
1130:. London
1089:. London
1037:. London
846:MUSCULAR
803:See also
756:Guardian
708:metadata
703:gigabits
678:metadata
634:Guardian
599:Internet
444:Concepts
299:Pine Gap
218:R&AW
205:Agencies
177:Stingray
147:Fairview
127:Dishfire
117:Sentient
76:Pre-2013
38:a series
36:Part of
1368:11 June
1165:28 June
1134:27 June
1093:21 June
987:25 June
940:23 June
876:(CALEA)
743:to the
591:Tempora
535:Liberty
530:Privacy
172:Pinwale
167:Bullrun
137:Tempora
112:ECHELON
94:Systems
71:Origins
1291:
1220:3 July
1198:3 July
825:INDECT
467:SIGINT
389:China
348:Lustre
276:Places
268:Mossad
152:MYSTIC
981:Wired
749:PRISM
425:U.S.
354:U.S.
107:PRISM
1370:2014
1350:2013
1300:2021
1289:ISSN
1266:2021
1222:2013
1200:2013
1167:2013
1136:2013
1095:2013
1043:2013
1016:2024
989:2013
942:2013
513:VPNs
383:GDPR
332:Laws
263:GCHQ
243:DGSE
182:SORM
157:DCSN
25:The
745:BBC
620:of
518:TLS
508:Tor
404:UK
369:EU
258:MSS
253:FSB
238:ASD
233:CNI
228:BND
223:CSE
213:NSA
1383::
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1256:.
1238:.
1188:.
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1124:.
1083:.
1051:^
1033:.
1006:.
978:.
950:^
924:^
792:.
40:on
1372:.
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1224:.
1202:.
1186:"
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944:.
579:e
572:t
565:v
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