41:
696:
1001:
865:
800:
934:. Sullivan fed in his division of two Maryland brigades on the right flank, while Wayne deployed his two brigades on the left of Germantown Road. As at Brandywine, Hartley's 1st Brigade formed on the right, next to the road, while Humpton's 2nd Brigade, including the 11th Regiment, deployed on the left. Faced with their tormentors of Paoli, Wayne's men attacked in a battle frenzy. Set upon by the Pennsylvanians and Marylanders, the 2nd Light Infantry was routed for the first time and suffered the loss of their camp.
911:
1028:. The 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade under the acting command of Francis Johnston had 53 officers, 13 staff, 115 non-commissioned officers, and 647 privates, or a total strength of 828 men. However, the detachments to Lee's advance guard reduced the brigade's numbers to 35 officers, 51 sergeants, and 401 rank and file, or 487 men. Humpton led the rump of the 11th Pennsylvania. Of the four 360-man detachments under Scott, one was under the leadership of a Pennsylvanian, that of
692:, one drummer, one fifer, and 76 privates. The Continental regiment was formidable on paper but typically operated far below its nominal strength. The Pennsylvania infantry company organization of October 1775 was weaker than the Continental standard by one lieutenant, the two musicians, and eight privates. The American infantry regiment was designed to fight in two ranks from its inception.
901:
to hold off the
British and got his men in motion to the rear. The artillery pulled out first, then the 2nd and 1st Brigades followed. One of the guns broke down, blocking the road, and as the Pennsylvanians waited for the obstruction to be cleared, the British burst through the 1st Regiment and fell
778:
immediately confronted Greene's column. After a firefight, the
British charged and routed the American vanguard, mortally wounding Mercer. Mawhood's soldiers advanced toward the Thomas Clark House and hill but were halted by cannon fire from Joseph Moulder's artillery company. As the British attack
1039:
At the beginning of the action, Lee's vanguard sparred with the
British rear guard but quickly retreated when Clinton advanced at the head of 6,000 men. Units fell back without orders, and Lee was compelled to order a retreat. While elements of Lee's advance guard put in some stiff fighting at a
1056:
in line on
Perrine Ridge. Knox positioned about 12 cannons to brace this position. Both armies then endured a cannonade for two hours. At 2:00 PM, Clinton tried to turn Lord Stirling's left flank with Grey's brigade, but the attempt failed. Clinton began a deliberate withdrawal when an American
970:
and two captured
British 6-pound guns began firing at the Chew House. Two New Jersey regiments tried to storm the house to no avail, suffering heavy losses. Completely isolated to the east of Germantown Road and several hundred yards south, Wayne heard the racket, about-faced his division, and
961:
took refuge in the building, but the
Americans ignored them and pressed onward into the fog. Sullivan shifted Conway's brigade to the right of his Marylanders, and all contact between his troops and Wayne's was lost. Presently, the American reserve arrived before the Chew House. Persuaded by
896:
began when an
American dragoon alerted the camp, and Wayne ordered his soldiers out of their shelters. A soldier of the 11th Pennsylvania recalled that the soldiers formed in "less than five Minutes". As the British attack overran the pickets, Wayne sent the
1057:
battery on Comb's Hill started to enfilade his lines from the left. After several clashes, the
British successfully broke contact and continued their retreat. Almost immediately after the battle, on 1 July, the "Old Eleventh" was merged into the
906:
was also involved in the stampede, and over 1,000 militiamen ran away and never returned. In the so-called "Paoli
Massacre", the Americans experienced 300 casualties, including 52 dead. British losses were only three dead and eight wounded.
979:
volley ripped into the 2nd
Pennsylvania Brigade, whose men returned fire. In the growing confusion, Wayne's men panicked and did not rally until they were 3 miles (4.8 km) from the battlefield. The regiment was present at the
1871:
1861:
551:
in a strength of eight companies. The soldiers were recruited from Philadelphia and four nearby counties. On 22 May 1777, the regiment became part of the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade. The 11th was in the thick of the action at
1916:
1856:
860:
artillery redoubt. Wayne's troops held their ground at first, then retired in good order from one position to the next. As darkness fell Wayne withdrew his division to a hill 600 yards (549 m) farther east.
1866:
1851:
1926:
1911:
1906:
176:
1921:
1841:
852:
formed on the right while the 2nd Brigade held the left. The 5th Pennsylvania held the extreme left flank, while to its right, in order, were the 11th, 8th, and 4th Pennsylvania Regiments.
503:
169:
945:
arrived at the front, and the 2nd Light Infantry attempted to rally. Sullivan's column overpowered this position and pressed ahead. A British officer in command of a picket of the
460:
902:
on the immobile column with bayonet and sword. Those Americans who survived the slaughter retreated or fled into the night. An approaching body of 2,100 Maryland militia under
1957:
162:
1024:
to harass the British left flank. Another 1,000 picked men led by Wayne were sent out on 25 June. The various detachments plus more units were placed under the command of
1952:
1947:
1891:
1886:
1876:
1081:. The new regiment was organized with nine companies. It was first assigned to the Middle Department. On 9 April 1779, the "New Eleventh" was transferred to
1967:
1901:
750:
on 3 January 1777, the Pennsylvanians made the second-night march in a row with very little sleep, and the soldiers were exhausted. The order of march for
1896:
791:, and Mifflin. After exchanging volleys with the British, the Americans finally advanced. Mawhood's outnumbered force resisted but broke ranks and fled.
1093:
in the summer of 1779. On 1 August 1780, the unit became part of the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, still in the main army. The new 11th was absorbed by the
1881:
335:
1666:
1648:
1962:
1810:
1078:
1070:
1017:
1012:
on 28 June 1778. On 22 June, Washington ordered each brigade in the army to detach one officer and 25 sharpshooters to join a corps led by
1480:
Morrissey (2008), 85. The reader may infer that the Pennsylvania officers led troops from their state, but this is not stated in the text.
1069:
On 13 January 1779, a new 11th Pennsylvania Regiment was formed by consolidating several existing units. The bulk of the troops came from
1815:
1074:
1698:
884:
to conduct a silent night bayonet attack on Wayne's Pennsylvanians. Grey had 1,200 troops, including the 2nd Light Infantry Battalion,
984:
from 5 to 8 December 1777, though only light infantry and militia were engaged. At the time the regiment went into winter quarters at
579:
A new 11th Pennsylvania Regiment was formed in January 1779 by consolidating two "additional" regiments and elements of a third. The
723:'s brigade. Since the brigade fielded 1,500 troops, the five regiments averaged around 300 men each. Mifflin's brigade crossed the
609:
833:
was named commander of the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, but he never joined his brigade for reasons that remain unclear to this day.
807:
On 22 May 1777, Washington placed the 11th Regiment in the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade. The other units in the 2nd Brigade were 4th,
1662:
424:
1846:
1630:
1562:
328:
633:
1825:
967:
880:
British army. On 20 September, Wayne, Humpton, and Hartley scouted Howe's nearby camp. At the same time, Howe directed
845:
841:
822:
led the Pennsylvania division. Still, he was later sent on detached duty, and the 1st Pennsylvania Brigade's commander
1676:
1611:
1592:
1538:
1399:
McGuire (2007), 71-73. The author explained that the light infantry had retreated at Bunker Hill and Harlem Heights.
1041:
1553:
930:'s 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade. In the foggy dawn, Conway's men engaged the British 2nd Light Infantry Battalion at
877:
629:
321:
840:
on 11 September 1777. Wayne's 2,000-man division deployed in a single battleline 500 yards (457 m) east of
1691:
954:
363:
736:
540:
485:
277:
86:
625:
1020:
retreating British army. Washington also sent a 1,500 detachment of picked men from the entire army under
881:
252:
217:
313:
1786:
1781:
1771:
1712:
1058:
716:
712:
621:
573:
548:
344:
262:
1077:. Also, the companies of Captains John Doyle, John Steele, and James Calderwood were transferred from
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1684:
1094:
898:
812:
808:
780:
708:
704:
588:
297:
949:
watched in amazement as the light infantry ran away. Then, the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade and part of
703:
The 11th Pennsylvania Regiment was assigned to the main army on 27 December 1776. Together with the
1805:
1033:
1029:
1021:
931:
857:
287:
923:
751:
498:
212:
853:
732:
728:
669:
1548:
1049:
1025:
981:
565:
292:
257:
247:
207:
202:
186:
116:
695:
1640:
919:
837:
699:
Mifflin's brigade joined other Americans in defending this hill at the Battle of Princeton.
561:
553:
480:
237:
227:
222:
110:
98:
45:
8:
1086:
1045:
830:
747:
613:
584:
544:
470:
439:
434:
419:
92:
1575:
Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution
1573:
1706:
1009:
645:
576:, and the 11th Regiment ceased to exist. Humpton took command of the reorganized unit.
569:
465:
404:
399:
302:
242:
122:
1708:
1626:
1607:
1588:
1558:
1534:
903:
823:
740:
677:
536:
429:
73:
587:
in the summer of 1779. The unit existed until January 1781, when it merged with the
1820:
1796:
1053:
950:
873:
819:
784:
759:
755:
673:
637:
524:
379:
358:
893:
767:
605:
557:
528:
475:
409:
232:
154:
144:
104:
1142:
989:
849:
724:
720:
661:
641:
282:
1941:
1013:
976:
927:
826:
816:
681:
657:
444:
414:
394:
384:
40:
1061:. As the senior colonel, Humpton took command of the consolidated regiment.
1032:. Of the three 350-man detachments under Wayne, one was under Pennsylvanian
876:
with his main army while leaving Wayne's division on the west bank to harry
985:
972:
966:, Washington attacked the structure. Accordingly, two cannons of Proctor's
754:'s division was a vanguard under Isaac Sherman followed by the brigades of
649:
389:
272:
267:
953:'s left column also forced his men to flee. As Sullivan's line passed the
758:
and Mifflin. While Sullivan's column swung to the right, the troops under
1082:
788:
763:
652:. The staff included one each of the following: surgeon, surgeon's mate,
604:
The 11th Pennsylvania Regiment came into existence on 16 September 1776.
343:
1016:. On 24 June, Morgan was directed to annoy the right flank and rear of
963:
971:
started back in the direction of the Chew House. As they moved back,
958:
946:
942:
889:
885:
775:
771:
1044:
deployed the 2nd and 3rd Pennsylvania Brigades, and the brigades of
735:. He joined the main army the next day in time to be present at the
1090:
1000:
938:
689:
685:
665:
653:
55:
975:'s Virginia division spotted them in the fog and opened fire. The
864:
856:'s British and Hessians advanced across the creek. They captured
779:
stalled, Washington patched together a line from the brigades of
617:
532:
914:
Battle of Germantown, 4 October 1777, fighting at the Chew House
799:
992:
were Lieutenant Colonel Caleb North and Major Francis Mentges.
731:
on 28 December. By 1 January 1777, Mifflin moved his troops to
910:
1623:
Monmouth Courthouse 1778: The last great battle in the North
620:
on 25 October. The soldiers hailed from Philadelphia City,
547:
in January 1777. During the spring, the unit assembled at
523:
was authorized on 16 September 1776 for service with the
1671:
1578:. Washington, D.C.: Rare Book Shop Publishing Company.
1085:'s Brigade in the main army. The regiment went on the
664:, quartermaster sergeant, drum major, fife major, and
572:. On 1 July 1778, the unit was consolidated with the
1958:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1778
1872:
Moulder's Philadelphia Associators Artillery Company
1663:
Bibliography of the Continental Army in Pennsylvania
836:
In De Haas' absence, Humpton led the brigade at the
829:led the division in his absence. Brigadier General
1862:Matlack's Philadelphia Associators Rifle Battalion
184:
1953:Military units and formations established in 1776
535:. In December 1776, the regiment was assigned to
1939:
668:. Each of the eight line companies included one
1917:Montgomery's Cumberland County Militia Regiment
922:on 4 October 1777, the 11th Regiment fought in
1948:Pennsylvania regiments of the Continental Army
1857:Cadwalader's Philadelphia Associators Regiment
1692:
1672:11th Pennsylvania Regiment Reenactors Website
1667:United States Army Center of Military History
1649:United States Army Center of Military History
1625:. Long Island City, N.Y.: Osprey Publishing.
1323:
1321:
329:
170:
1212:
1210:
1004:Washington rallies his soldiers at Monmouth.
848:. The 1st Brigade under temporary commander
1968:1778 disestablishments in the United States
1557:. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press.
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1867:Morgan's Philadelphia Associators Regiment
1852:Bayard's Philadelphia Associators Regiment
1699:
1685:
1318:
336:
322:
177:
163:
1927:Watt's Cumberland County Militia Regiment
1912:McAllister's York County Militia Regiment
1907:Klotz's Lancaster County Militia Regiment
1811:Hartley's Additional Continental Regiment
1620:
1606:. Mechanicsburg, Penn.: Stackpole Books.
1587:. Mechanicsburg, Penn.: Stackpole Books.
1207:
1079:Malcolm's Additional Continental Regiment
1071:Hartley's Additional Continental Regiment
762:turned to the left, led by 350 men under
1816:Patton's Additional Continental Regiment
1187:
1075:Patton's Additional Continental Regiment
1008:The 11th Regiment's last action was the
999:
909:
863:
798:
794:
694:
1922:Moore's Chester County Militia Regiment
1601:
1582:
1571:
1547:
1533:. Mechanicsburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books.
1531:Encyclopedia of the American Revolution
1528:
926:'s right column. The attack was led by
892:. Just after midnight on the 21st, the
1940:
1639:
1847:First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry
1842:Pennsylvania State Musketry Battalion
1680:
1040:hedgerow around noon, Washington and
868:The Paoli Massacre, 21 September 1777
317:
158:
22:11th Pennsylvania Regiment (Old 11th)
1604:The Philadelphia Campaign, Volume II
640:infantry regiment, there were three
1963:1776 establishments in Pennsylvania
1585:The Philadelphia Campaign, Volume I
13:
1826:4th Continental Artillery Regiment
968:4th Continental Artillery Regiment
16:Continental Army infantry regiment
14:
1979:
1656:
1572:Heitman, Francis Bernard (1914).
1100:
636:. In the 1776 establishment of a
743:'s council of war that evening.
539:'s main army and was present at
39:
1522:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1309:
1300:
1291:
1282:
1064:
872:Washington withdrew behind the
1273:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
461:Extra and Additional regiments
1:
1529:Boatner, Mark M. III (1994).
737:Battle of the Assunpink Creek
630:Philadelphia (now Montgomery)
87:Battle of the Assunpink Creek
599:
7:
1621:Morrissey, Brendan (2008).
1602:McGuire, Thomas J. (2007).
1583:McGuire, Thomas J. (2006).
995:
719:, the 11th was assigned to
717:12th Pennsylvania Regiments
564:in 1777. It was present at
10:
1984:
1787:13th Pennsylvania Regiment
1782:12th Pennsylvania Regiment
1777:11th Pennsylvania Regiment
1772:10th Pennsylvania Regiment
1720:Pennsylvania Regular Units
1713:American Revolutionary War
1166:11th Pennsylvania Regiment
1152:11th Pennsylvania Regiment
1136:11th Pennsylvania Regiment
1122:11th Pennsylvania Regiment
1059:10th Pennsylvania Regiment
813:8th Pennsylvania Regiments
594:
574:10th Pennsylvania Regiment
549:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
517:11th Pennsylvania Regiment
486:Commander-in-Chief's Guard
349:units of the United States
346:American Revolutionary War
1834:
1795:
1767:9th Pennsylvania Regiment
1762:8th Pennsylvania Regiment
1757:7th Pennsylvania Regiment
1752:6th Pennsylvania Regiment
1747:5th Pennsylvania Regiment
1742:4th Pennsylvania Regiment
1737:3rd Pennsylvania Regiment
1732:2nd Pennsylvania Regiment
1727:1st Pennsylvania Regiment
1719:
1444:Boatner (1994), 1199-1200
1095:3rd Pennsylvania Regiment
899:1st Pennsylvania Regiment
589:3rd Pennsylvania Regiment
494:
453:
372:
364:List of Continental units
354:
298:Carlisle Peace Commission
198:
137:
132:
79:
69:
61:
51:
34:
26:
21:
1806:1st Continental Regiment
1181:
612:in the British Army and
1507:Morrissey (2008), 71-74
1498:Morrissey (2008), 69-71
1489:Morrissey (2008), 52-53
1462:Morrissey (2008), 40-41
1372:McGuire (2006), 310-317
1363:McGuire (2006), 306-309
1354:McGuire (2006), 249-251
1306:Fischer (2004), 335-336
1297:Boatner (1994), 891-893
1288:Fischer (2004), 324-325
634:Northumberland Counties
616:veteran, was appointed
1549:Fischer, David Hackett
1315:Wright (1989), 262-265
1005:
915:
869:
854:Wilhelm von Knyphausen
804:
733:Bordentown, New Jersey
729:Burlington, New Jersey
700:
1641:Wright, Robert K. Jr.
1554:Washington's Crossing
1435:McGuire (2007), 97-99
1426:McGuire (2007), 86-89
1417:McGuire (2007), 84-85
1408:McGuire (2007), 76-78
1390:McGuire (2007), 67-68
1003:
982:Battle of White Marsh
913:
867:
802:
795:Philadelphia campaign
698:
188:Philadelphia campaign
117:Battle of White Marsh
1647:. Washington, D.C.:
1645:The Continental Army
1471:Morrissey (2008), 88
1225:Wright (1989), 47-48
1097:on 17 January 1781.
937:A little later, the
920:Battle of Germantown
838:Battle of Brandywine
466:Armand's Legion
111:Battle of Germantown
99:Battle of Brandywine
46:Continental Congress
1711:and Militia in the
1345:Boatner (1994), 325
1327:McGuire (2006), 248
1279:Fischer (2004), 321
1270:Fischer (2004), 313
1261:Fischer (2004), 283
1252:Fischer (2004), 275
1243:Fischer (2004), 409
1216:Boatner (1994), 534
1087:Sullivan Expedition
1046:Jedediah Huntington
1018:Sir Henry Clinton's
955:Benjamin Chew House
831:John Philip De Haas
748:Battle of Princeton
644:, one colonel, one
585:Sullivan Expedition
504:List of state units
93:Battle of Princeton
1892:Lawrence's Militia
1887:Kachlein's Militia
1516:Wright (1989), 322
1381:McGuire (2007), 65
1336:Wright (1989), 112
1204:Wright (1989), 267
1010:Battle of Monmouth
1006:
916:
878:Sir William Howe's
870:
805:
701:
646:lieutenant colonel
123:Battle of Monmouth
1935:
1934:
1709:Pennsylvania Line
1632:978-1-84176-772-7
1564:978-0-19-518159-3
1234:Wright (1989), 49
1179:
1178:
1125:16 September 1776
957:, 120 men of the
904:William Smallwood
824:Brigadier General
741:George Washington
739:. Mifflin was at
678:second lieutenant
537:George Washington
527:. On 25 October,
512:
511:
481:Ottendorf's Corps
311:
310:
150:
149:
74:Pennsylvania Line
1975:
1877:Baxter's Militia
1821:German Battalion
1797:Continental Army
1701:
1694:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1665:compiled by the
1652:
1636:
1617:
1598:
1579:
1568:
1544:
1517:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1418:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1382:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1343:
1337:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1244:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1205:
1202:
1172:2nd Pennsylvania
1158:2nd Pennsylvania
1139:27 December 1776
1105:
1104:
1054:Ebenezer Learned
951:Nathanael Greene
874:Schuylkill River
858:Thomas Proctor's
846:Brandywine Creek
820:Benjamin Lincoln
785:Daniel Hitchcock
760:Nathanael Greene
756:Arthur St. Clair
674:first lieutenant
638:Continental Army
614:Seven Years' War
525:Continental Army
471:Pulaski's Legion
359:Continental Army
347:
338:
331:
324:
315:
314:
278:Quinton's Bridge
193:
189:
179:
172:
165:
156:
155:
44:
43:
19:
18:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1902:Swope's Militia
1830:
1791:
1715:
1705:
1659:
1651:. CMH Pub 60-4.
1633:
1614:
1595:
1565:
1541:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1208:
1203:
1188:
1184:
1103:
1067:
998:
894:Battle of Paoli
797:
781:John Cadwalader
768:Charles Mawhood
606:Richard Humpton
602:
597:
541:Assunpink Creek
529:Richard Humpton
513:
508:
490:
454:Non-state units
449:
368:
350:
345:
342:
312:
307:
194:
191:
187:
185:
183:
153:
145:Richard Humpton
139:
128:
105:Battle of Paoli
38:
30:1776–1778
17:
12:
11:
5:
1981:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1897:Lutz's Militia
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1802:
1800:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1704:
1703:
1696:
1689:
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268:Valley Forge
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70:Part of
65:728 soldiers
1453:Heitman, 11
1169:1 July 1778
1155:22 May 1777
1117:Department
1108:Designation
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1050:John Glover
1026:Charles Lee
842:Chadds Ford
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770:'s British
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746:Before the
608:, a former
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80:Engagements
1942:Categories
1161:Main Army
1147:Main Army
964:Henry Knox
932:Mount Airy
648:, and one
562:Germantown
554:Brandywine
531:was named
410:New Jersey
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238:Germantown
223:Brandywine
140:commanders
133:Commanders
35:Allegiance
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600:Princeton
545:Princeton
192:1777–1778
1643:(1989).
1551:(2004).
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996:Monmouth
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445:Virginia
415:New York
395:Maryland
385:Delaware
303:Monmouth
243:Red Bank
143:Colonel
56:Infantry
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1114:Brigade
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688:, four
684:, four
670:captain
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595:History
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440:Vermont
390:Georgia
138:Notable
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560:, and
228:Clouds
125:(1778)
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27:Active
1799:units
1182:Notes
1131:none
650:major
622:Berks
558:Paoli
233:Paoli
1707:The
1627:ISBN
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1128:none
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1073:and
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62:Size
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