45:
171:
1525:
1520:
1563:
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1553:
1548:
1515:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1543:
1472:
1497:
255:
1885:
1880:
1875:
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1865:
1860:
1855:
1398:
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44:
1890:
1850:
1507:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1535:
1464:
719:
724:
699:
684:
714:
629:
966:
639:
689:
654:
694:
669:
659:
644:
674:
634:
1629:
1624:
1330:
1212:
1089:
1634:
1197:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1320:
1202:
1079:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
649:
1792:
1787:
1782:
956:
951:
946:
941:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
269:. The main idea was to grow national cadres for every nationality so that the party line could be pursued everywhere by representatives of the local nationality and the national proletariat could be raised against its own exploiters.
2051:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1207:
1084:
2056:
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2046:
928:
1609:
2076:
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1679:
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1604:
1599:
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1739:
1734:
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1709:
1704:
1699:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1325:
808:
1749:
1842:
1453:
1385:
611:
1026:
1986:
679:
1996:
183:
25:
1951:
2256:
2091:
2036:
704:
664:
420:
2220:
1586:
501:
437:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
2111:
1594:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
843:
833:
828:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
823:
818:
813:
2230:
2215:
1189:
621:
601:
28:. It was attended by 408 delegates with deciding votes and 417 with consultative votes, representing 386,000 party members. This was the last congress of the
1056:
596:
775:
413:
2140:
1956:
406:
288:
256:
Fourth
Conference of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (b) with the Workers of the National Republics of the Regions
2188:
2011:
1946:
1921:
223:
2235:
250:
170:
261:
At this
Congress, the RCP(b) redefined the problems of nationalism identifying local chauvinism as the main problem rather than
2205:
446:
429:
29:
190:
2261:
1926:
349:
2225:
2152:
2006:
2116:
1931:
2086:
2016:
1991:
292:
241:
2001:
1976:
1966:
379:
1981:
2271:
2210:
2170:
1961:
1941:
1936:
936:
2266:
1971:
392:
196:"local chauvinism" and "imperialism" as they were accused of oppressing smaller nations such as the
2158:
375:, Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow, 1953 Vol. 5, pp. 197β285. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
262:
2122:
149:
563:
484:
153:
179:"violation of party discipline", namely contact Lenin directly not through party channels;
8:
362:
533:
527:
320:
Nationalism and
Internationalism. How did the Bolsheviks Cope with National Sentiments?
115:
398:
2128:
961:
569:
545:
490:
466:
345:
164:
75:
2176:
2146:
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384:
244:
attended this
Congress, but he was subject to attack immediately afterwards in the
86:
54:
2182:
2134:
551:
472:
142:
111:
515:
454:
157:
33:
2250:
2164:
557:
539:
521:
509:
478:
460:
266:
138:
100:
61:
306:"Footage from the 12th congress of the Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks)"
368:
160:
122:
93:
68:
107:
254:
and arrested during May 1923. He was roundly condemned by Stalin at the
145:
305:
753:
729:
216:
82:
2081:
709:
201:
36:'s leadership, though Lenin was unable to attend due to illness.
1312:
606:
197:
746:
245:
99:
National (ethnic-based) issues in party and state development (
21:
2092:
Main
Political Directorate of the Soviet Army and Soviet Navy
2221:
League of
Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class
265:. The Congress was the beginning of the so-called policy of
289:
Twelfth
Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik)
2211:
General Jewish Labour Bund in
Lithuania, Poland and Russia
207:"the desire to obtain privileged positions for Georgians".
365:
and S. Enders
Wimbush, University of Chicago Press, 1979.
18:
12th
Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
2231:
Social Democracy of the Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania
2216:
League of Russian Revolutionary Social Democracy Abroad
428:
48:
L.Kamenev and L.Trotsky with delegates of the Congress
2257:
Congresses of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2082:
All-Union Leninist Young Communist League (Komsomol)
380:
The Twelfth Congress of the Russian Communist Party
2248:
340:Chulos, Chris J.; Piirainen, Timo, eds. (2000).
229:"granting political amnesty to Mensheviks", and,
174:Meeting hall during the last day of the Congress
312:
167:. Stalin accused the latter of the following:
2087:Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization
414:
359:Muslim National Communism in the Soviet Union
60:The Central Committee organizational report (
705:Political Administration of the Armed Forces
342:The Fall of an Empire, the Birth of a Nation
222:"retaining class enemies (landlords) in the
189:"demanding special economic concessions for
81:Report of the Russian representation in the
121:About establishment of districts (raions) (
421:
407:
74:Report of the Central Control Commission (
2189:State Committee on the State of Emergency
2236:Union of Russian Social Democrats Abroad
339:
323:
169:
137:Much of this Congress was taken up with
128:Elections of the Party's central offices
53:The Central Committee political report (
43:
2249:
402:
284:
282:
148:. Stalin dominated the Congress with
2206:Bloc of Communists and Non-Partisans
1630:CC of the 7th Conf. (Apr.βAug. 1917)
369:Verbatim Report of Stalin's speeches
30:Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
20:was held during 17β25 April 1923 in
430:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
67:Report of the Auditing Commission (
13:
279:
14:
2283:
132:
2226:Siberian Social-Democratic Union
391:, 1923, No. 25, pp. 10β17.
184:Central Committee of the RCP(b)
2117:Group of Democratic Centralism
298:
1:
1625:CC of the 6th Conf. (1912β17)
1610:CC of the 1st Conf. (1905β06)
725:Transportation-Communications
720:Trade and Consumers' Services
700:Planning and Financial Organs
333:
293:The Great Soviet Encyclopedia
182:"disobeying decisions of the
236:
232:"leftism" and "adventurism".
211:Ordzhonikidze went further:
7:
389:The Communist International
324:Chulos & Piirainen 2000
106:Tax policy in rural areas (
24:. The congress elected the
10:
2288:
2171:Bloc of Soviet Oppositions
2165:Union of Marxist-Leninists
2198:
2104:
2069:
2029:
1914:
1907:
1841:
1748:
1585:
1576:
1534:
1506:
1463:
1451:
1384:
1311:
1188:
1055:
1046:
1039:
927:
774:
767:
738:
695:Organisational-party Work
620:
589:
500:
445:
436:
393:Marxists Internet Archive
295:, 3rd Edition (1970-1979)
39:
2262:1923 in the Soviet Union
685:Light- and Food Industry
272:
263:Great Russian chauvinism
224:Georgian Communist Party
141:'s struggle against the
258:, held 9β12 June 1923.
590:Decision-making bodies
175:
150:Grigoriy Ordzhonikidze
49:
26:12th Central Committee
754:Bolshevik / Kommunist
715:Science and Education
630:Administrative Organs
597:Politburo / Presidium
344:. Helsinki: Ashgate.
242:MirsΓ€yet SoltanΔΓ€liev
173:
156:, moving against the
85:Executive Committee (
47:
1605:3rd (Apr.βDec. 1905)
1321:7th (Jan.βMar. 1919)
564:Konstantin Chernenko
485:Konstantin Chernenko
215:"collaboration with
154:Mamia Orakhelashvili
2123:Workers' Opposition
1750:Auditing Commission
1040:Leadership sittings
502:General Secretaries
371:From J. V. Stalin,
363:Alexandre Bennigsen
1908:Wider organisation
1843:Control Commission
1456:Control Commission
612:Control Commission
534:Vyacheslav Molotov
528:Nikolay Krestinsky
219:during 1918β1920";
176:
116:Grigory Sokolnikov
50:
2272:April 1923 events
2244:
2243:
2153:United Opposition
2100:
2099:
2065:
2064:
2025:
2024:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1587:Central Committee
1572:
1571:
1447:
1446:
1386:Control Committee
1049:Central Committee
1035:
1034:
768:National meetings
763:
762:
640:Chemical Industry
570:Mikhail Gorbachev
546:Nikita Khrushchev
491:Mikhail Gorbachev
467:Nikita Khrushchev
438:Central Committee
318:Timo Vihavainen:
165:Filipp Makharadze
76:Matvei Shkiriatov
2279:
2267:1923 conferences
2177:Anti-Party Group
2147:Right Opposition
2067:
2066:
2027:
2026:
1915:Republican-level
1912:
1911:
1583:
1582:
1461:
1460:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1043:
987:11th (Dec. 1921)
772:
771:
690:Machine Industry
655:Defence Industry
576:Vladimir Ivashko
524:(Mar.βDec. 1919)
443:
442:
423:
416:
409:
400:
399:
385:Nikolai Bukharin
355:
327:
316:
310:
309:
302:
296:
286:
92:About industry (
87:Nikolay Bukharin
55:Grigory Zinoviev
2287:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2194:
2159:Left-Right Bloc
2135:Left Opposition
2112:Ban on factions
2096:
2061:
2021:
1895:
1837:
1744:
1595:1st (1898β1903)
1578:
1568:
1530:
1502:
1455:
1452:Elected by the
1443:
1380:
1307:
1184:
1048:
1031:
982:10th (May 1921)
952:4th (Nov. 1907)
947:3rd (Aug. 1907)
923:
759:
734:
616:
585:
552:Leonid Brezhnev
496:
473:Leonid Brezhnev
432:
427:
352:
336:
331:
330:
317:
313:
304:
303:
299:
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275:
239:
135:
112:Mikhail Kalinin
42:
32:(RCP(b) during
12:
11:
5:
2285:
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2274:
2269:
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2259:
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2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2186:
2180:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2144:
2141:Workers' Group
2138:
2132:
2129:Workers' Truth
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2073:
2071:
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2062:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2031:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1997:Transcaucasian
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1952:Karelo-Finnish
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1891:28th (1990β91)
1888:
1886:16th (1930β34)
1883:
1881:15th (1927β30)
1878:
1876:14th (1925β27)
1873:
1871:13th (1924β25)
1868:
1866:12th (1923β24)
1863:
1861:11th (1922β23)
1858:
1856:10th (1921β22)
1853:
1847:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1833:27th (1986β90)
1830:
1828:26th (1981β86)
1825:
1823:25th (1976β81)
1820:
1818:24th (1971β76)
1815:
1813:23rd (1966β71)
1810:
1808:22nd (1961β66)
1805:
1803:20th (1956β61)
1800:
1798:19th (1952β56)
1795:
1793:18th (1939β52)
1790:
1788:17th (1934β39)
1785:
1783:16th (1930β34)
1780:
1778:15th (1927β30)
1775:
1773:14th (1925β27)
1770:
1768:13th (1924β25)
1765:
1763:10th (1921β24)
1760:
1754:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1740:28th (1990β91)
1737:
1735:27th (1986β90)
1732:
1730:26th (1981β86)
1727:
1725:25th (1976β81)
1722:
1720:24th (1971β76)
1717:
1715:23rd (1966β71)
1712:
1710:22nd (1961β66)
1707:
1705:20th (1956β61)
1702:
1700:19th (1952β56)
1697:
1695:18th (1939β52)
1692:
1690:17th (1934β39)
1687:
1685:16th (1930β34)
1682:
1680:15th (1927β30)
1677:
1675:14th (1925β27)
1672:
1670:13th (1924β25)
1667:
1665:12th (1923β24)
1662:
1660:11th (1922β23)
1657:
1655:10th (1921β22)
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1564:16th (1930β34)
1561:
1559:15th (1927β30)
1556:
1554:14th (1925β27)
1551:
1549:13th (1924β25)
1546:
1544:12th (1923β24)
1540:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1526:14th (1925β27)
1523:
1521:13th (1924β25)
1518:
1516:12th (1923β24)
1512:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1498:28th (1990β91)
1495:
1493:16th (1930β34)
1490:
1488:15th (1927β30)
1485:
1483:14th (1925β27)
1480:
1478:13th (1924β25)
1475:
1473:12th (1923β24)
1469:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1439:27th (1986β90)
1436:
1434:26th (1981β86)
1431:
1429:25th (1976β81)
1426:
1424:24th (1971β76)
1421:
1419:23rd (1966β71)
1416:
1414:22nd (1961β66)
1411:
1409:20th (1956β61)
1406:
1404:19th (1952β56)
1401:
1399:18th (1939β52)
1396:
1394:17th (1934β39)
1390:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1376:18th (1939β52)
1373:
1371:17th (1934β39)
1368:
1366:16th (1930β34)
1363:
1361:15th (1927β30)
1358:
1356:14th (1925β27)
1353:
1351:13th (1924β25)
1348:
1346:12th (1923β24)
1343:
1341:11th (1922β23)
1338:
1336:10th (1921β22)
1333:
1328:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1303:28th (1990β91)
1300:
1298:27th (1986β90)
1295:
1293:26th (1981β86)
1290:
1288:25th (1976β81)
1285:
1283:24th (1971β76)
1280:
1278:23rd (1966β71)
1275:
1273:22nd (1961β66)
1270:
1268:20th (1956β61)
1265:
1263:19th (1952β56)
1260:
1258:18th (1939β52)
1255:
1253:17th (1934β39)
1250:
1248:16th (1930β34)
1245:
1243:15th (1927β30)
1240:
1238:14th (1925β27)
1235:
1233:13th (1924β25)
1230:
1228:12th (1923β24)
1225:
1223:11th (1922β23)
1220:
1218:10th (1921β22)
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1194:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1180:28th (1990β91)
1177:
1175:27th (1986β90)
1172:
1170:26th (1981β86)
1167:
1165:25th (1976β81)
1162:
1160:24th (1971β76)
1157:
1155:23rd (1966β71)
1152:
1150:22nd (1961β66)
1147:
1145:20th (1956β61)
1142:
1140:19th (1952β56)
1137:
1135:18th (1939β52)
1132:
1130:17th (1934β39)
1127:
1125:16th (1930β34)
1122:
1120:15th (1927β30)
1117:
1115:14th (1925β27)
1112:
1110:13th (1924β25)
1107:
1105:12th (1923β24)
1102:
1100:11th (1922β23)
1097:
1095:10th (1921β22)
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1070:Oct.βDec. 1917
1067:
1065:Aug.βOct. 1917
1061:
1059:
1050:
1047:Elected by the
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
933:
931:
925:
924:
922:
921:
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911:
906:
901:
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891:
886:
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871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
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801:
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742:
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736:
735:
733:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
670:Heavy Industry
667:
662:
660:Foreign Cadres
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
626:
624:
618:
617:
615:
614:
609:
604:
599:
593:
591:
587:
586:
584:
583:
573:
567:
561:
555:
549:
543:
537:
531:
525:
519:
516:Yakov Sverdlov
513:
506:
504:
498:
497:
495:
494:
488:
482:
476:
470:
464:
458:
455:Vladimir Lenin
451:
449:
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434:
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418:
411:
403:
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396:
376:
366:
356:
350:
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311:
297:
277:
276:
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271:
238:
235:
234:
233:
230:
227:
220:
209:
208:
205:
194:
187:
180:
158:Old Bolsheviks
134:
133:Brief overview
131:
130:
129:
126:
119:
104:
97:
90:
79:
72:
65:
58:
41:
38:
34:Vladimir Lenin
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2284:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1851:9th (1920β21)
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1758:8th (1919β21)
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1650:9th (1920β21)
1648:
1646:
1645:8th (1919β20)
1643:
1641:
1640:7th (1918β19)
1638:
1636:
1635:6th (1917β18)
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1620:5th (1907β12)
1618:
1616:
1615:4th (1906β07)
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1600:2nd (1903β05)
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1575:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1450:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:9th (1920β21)
1329:
1327:
1326:8th (1919β20)
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:9th (1920β21)
1211:
1209:
1208:8th (1919β20)
1206:
1204:
1203:7th (1918β19)
1201:
1199:
1198:6th (1917β18)
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1090:9th (1920β21)
1088:
1086:
1085:8th (1919β20)
1083:
1081:
1080:7th (1918β19)
1078:
1076:
1075:6th (1917β18)
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
934:
932:
930:
926:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
779:
777:
773:
770:
766:
756:
755:
751:
749:
748:
744:
743:
741:
737:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
680:International
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
625:
623:
619:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
594:
592:
588:
581:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
558:Yuri Andropov
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
540:Joseph Stalin
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
522:Elena Stasova
520:
517:
514:
511:
510:Elena Stasova
508:
507:
505:
503:
499:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
479:Yuri Andropov
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
461:Joseph Stalin
459:
456:
453:
452:
450:
448:
444:
441:
439:
435:
431:
424:
419:
417:
412:
410:
405:
404:
401:
394:
390:
386:
382:
381:
377:
374:
370:
367:
364:
360:
357:
353:
351:1-85521-902-6
347:
343:
338:
337:
325:
321:
315:
307:
301:
294:
290:
285:
283:
278:
270:
268:
267:Korenizatsiya
264:
259:
257:
253:
252:
247:
243:
231:
228:
225:
221:
218:
214:
213:
212:
206:
203:
199:
195:
192:
188:
185:
181:
178:
177:
172:
168:
166:
162:
159:
155:
151:
147:
144:
140:
139:Joseph Stalin
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
109:
105:
102:
101:Joseph Stalin
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
66:
63:
62:Joseph Stalin
59:
56:
52:
51:
46:
37:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
2070:Other organs
1987:Russian SFSR
1932:Byelorussian
838:
752:
745:
739:Publications
645:Construction
582:, Aug. 1991)
579:
388:
378:
372:
358:
341:
319:
314:
300:
260:
249:
240:
210:
161:Budu Mdivani
136:
123:Alexey Rykov
94:Leon Trotsky
69:Viktor Nogin
17:
15:
2030:Local-level
1927:Azerbaijani
1508:Secretariat
1190:Secretariat
1027:19th (1988)
1022:18th (1941)
1017:17th (1932)
1012:16th (1929)
1007:15th (1926)
1002:14th (1925)
997:13th (1924)
992:12th (1922)
919:28th (1990)
914:27th (1986)
909:26th (1981)
904:25th (1976)
899:24th (1971)
894:23rd (1966)
889:22nd (1961)
884:21st (1959)
879:20th (1956)
874:19th (1952)
869:18th (1939)
864:17th (1934)
859:16th (1930)
854:15th (1927)
849:14th (1925)
844:13th (1924)
839:12th (1923)
834:11th (1922)
829:10th (1921)
675:Information
635:Agriculture
622:Departments
602:Secretariat
146:Bolshevists
108:Lev Kamenev
2251:Categories
2002:Turkestani
1977:Lithuanian
1577:Elected by
977:9th (1920)
972:8th (1919)
967:7th (1917)
962:6th (1912)
957:5th (1908)
942:2nd (1906)
937:1st (1905)
929:Conference
824:9th (1920)
819:8th (1919)
814:7th (1918)
809:6th (1917)
804:5th (1907)
799:4th (1906)
794:3rd (1905)
789:2nd (1903)
784:1st (1898)
710:Propaganda
334:References
248:newspaper
217:Mensheviks
202:Abkhazians
2185:(1990β91)
2173:(1932β33)
2155:(1926β27)
2149:(1924β33)
2143:(1923β30)
2137:(1923β27)
2131:(1921β23)
2125:(1920β21)
2119:(1919β21)
2105:Groupings
2012:Ukrainian
1982:Moldavian
1536:Collegium
1465:Presidium
1057:Politburo
572:(1985β91)
566:(1984β85)
560:(1982β84)
554:(1964β82)
548:(1953β64)
542:(1922β52)
536:(1921β22)
530:(1919β21)
518:(1918β19)
512:(1917β18)
493:(1985β91)
487:(1984β85)
481:(1982β84)
475:(1964β82)
469:(1953β64)
463:(1924β53)
457:(1912β24)
237:Aftermath
198:Ossetians
83:Comintern
2199:See also
2042:Okrugkom
1962:Khorezmi
1947:Georgian
1942:Estonian
1937:Bukharan
1922:Armenian
1579:Congress
776:Congress
143:Georgian
2077:Statute
2057:Partkom
2007:Turkmen
1972:Latvian
1967:Kirghiz
1454:Central
1313:Orgburo
665:General
650:Culture
607:Orgburo
447:Leaders
326:, p. 80
191:Georgia
2191:(1991)
2179:(1957)
2167:(1932)
2161:(1930)
2052:Raikom
2047:Gorkom
1957:Kazakh
747:Pravda
580:acting
348:
251:Eshche
246:Tartar
204:, and,
40:Agenda
22:Moscow
2183:Soyuz
2037:Obkom
2017:Uzbek
1992:Tajik
730:Women
373:Works
273:Notes
346:ISBN
200:and
163:and
152:and
16:The
383:by
361:by
322:in
2253::
387:,
291:;
281:^
226:";
193:";
186:";
114:,
110:,
578:(
422:e
415:t
408:v
395:.
354:.
308:.
125:)
118:)
103:)
96:)
89:)
78:)
71:)
64:)
57:)
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