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1447 papal conclave

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190: 1971: 299:, angered at Berardi's blocking of Colonna asked whom Berardi wished to see elected instead. Berardi replied "Bononiensis" (Parentucelli). Parentucelli (misinterpreting, perhaps purposefully, his words) declared that he "too" was willing to give his vote to whoever the choice of Berardi was. "Then, I give my vote for you!" Berardi exclaimed, a move which Trevisan felt obliged to follow. One after another the cardinals threw their support to Parentucelli, with the eleventh vote coming from "Cardinal Marino", and the decisive twelfth vote coming from the "Cardinal of San Sisto". 141: 2101: 1920: 1999: 2067: 1959: 1947: 2084: 2050: 2118: 2033: 2016: 675:
S(ancta)e Mari(a)e de Mirenda de Urbe pro futuro pontifice eligendo, videlicet: Venetiarum, Tarentinus, Capuanus, Flisco, Nicenus, Portugalensis, Morinensis, Estoutevilla, S(anc)ti Sixti, Aquilegensis, Firmanus Valentinensis, Mediolanensis, S(anc)t(a)e Sabin(a)e, Boneniensis novi pape electus, Columpa, S(anc)t(a)e Mari(a)e nov(a)e, S(anc)ti Angeli.
257:. Colonna had the support of the French cardinals and those who were impressed with the influence he enjoyed in various Italian city-states, but he did not have the support of the Roman public due to Colonna's use of extrajudicial violence during his uncle's papacy. The people (that is to say, the leaders in Roman politics) preferred 699:, but this is another gross error. Cardinal Domenico Capranica, the former secretary of Martin V, who had been named cardinal in 1423, but who had been denied participation in the Conclave of 1431 on the grounds that his installation was not completed, was in attendance. On Cardinal Domenico Capranica, see J.-B. Christophe, 261:. Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini, who was one of the Custodians of the Conclave and is a principal source for the event, says merely that on Monday morning, March 6, there was some talk about the Archbishops, and then the scrutiny took place. There seems to be no evidence that they actually received votes. 674:
Exequis fe(licis) re(cordationis) Domini Eugenii pap(a)e .iiij. complectis die sabbati quarta mensis marcii anni predicti, quae fuit decima ab obitu dicti domini Eugenii, hora vesperorum, R(everendissi)mi in Christo patres et domini Domini cardinales infrascripti intraverunt conclave in ecclesia
249:, and there were five for Parentucelli (Bononiensis). The next day the adherents of Colonna continued to vote for him, while the other eight attempted to peel away votes (unsuccessfully) by switching their choice to others, including the non-cardinal archbishops of 281:" (mild as a lamb) would have been viewed as ironic, given that Colonna had carried off much of the papal treasure on the death of Martin V with the help of his noble relatives, and had for a time been excommunicated by Eugene IV prior to his 786: 264:
On March 6, after the first of the two daily scrutinies, during which Colonna again received 10 votes, Cardinal Capranica addressed the conclave, reminding them of the various dangers facing the church, including the armies of the
653:
in nelli 1447 a dĂŹ 23 di febraro e fu uno iovedi a dimane, doi hore nanzi die, morio lo nostro pastore, cioĂš papa Eugenio quarto, e fu sotterrato in S. Pietro denanzi all' uscio della sacrestia in terra; a cui Dio l'abia
1891: 758:
Trollope, 1876, p. 141, not naming the cardinal. Cardinal Juan de Torquemada (Sancti Sixti) joined in, saying, "Et ego te, Thoma, Pontificem facio. Nam et vigiliam hodie Beati Thomae facimus."
206:. Of the twenty-four cardinals living, only eighteen were present in Rome for the conclave. The conclave, like its predecessor which had elected Eugene IV, was held in the Sacristy of the 872: 1478: 2090: 245:
at the start of the conclave. Colonna received 10 votes (two short of the requisite two-thirds majority) in the first scrutiny, on Sunday, March 5; 8 votes went to
200:
Eugene IV had died on February 23, 1447. The cardinals entered conclave at the time of Vespers (sunset) on March 4, after waiting the full nine days proscribed by
218: 865: 737:
Trollope, 1876, p. 139. Piccolomini says that Berardi asked Parentucelli to stop for a moment before he acceded to Colonna. "Nihil tarde fit quod bene fit."
1901: 403: 1494: 767:
Compare Salvador Miranda (retrieved January 5, 2010), who is unique, and in contradiction to all the sources, as considering him to be present.
858: 574: 471: 524: 466: 412: 274: 1357: 1341: 1774: 1758: 1726: 1710: 1694: 1678: 380: 376: 1806: 1790: 1742: 395: 1450: 332: 277:"—imploring two more cardinals to throw their support to Colonna. According to Trollope, the cardinals' term for Colonna as " 229:, but Gio Baptista wished for the first time to carry out this duty from inside the conclave; the barons were eventually expelled. 319: 295:(thinking that his colleague was about to give the election to Colonna) interrupted him and asked for a delay. At this point 800: 1987: 1471: 456: 189: 221:, insisted for a time on being able to vote in the conclave (although perhaps they only wished to remain present); the 2158: 707:(Edinburgh 1878) 125-129. Still quite alive, but not in attendance, were Cardinals Pierre de Foix and Juan Cervantes. 340: 2039: 595: 2148: 2107: 1443: 1334: 1138: 442: 391: 2022: 1643: 1622: 1615: 1538: 1422: 1394: 1373: 1201: 1194: 1173: 1166: 1152: 1117: 1110: 1047: 331:(19 September 1431) - Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina; Subdean of the Sacred College of Cardinals; 1767: 1350: 1124: 1040: 893: 511: 421: 232: 113: 98: 1937: 1751: 1871: 1401: 193: 170: 39: 2143: 1923: 1881: 1131: 781: 540: 489: 359: 258: 656:" Mario Pelaez, "Il memoriale di Paolo di Benedetto di Cola dello Maestro dello Rione di Ponte, " 1487: 1408: 881: 617: 695:
According to Trollope, 1876, p. 136. He also says that Colonna was the final living Cardinal of
416: 196:, site of the 1447 conclave. (1665 drawing; the obelisk at centre was added in the 17th century) 1861: 388:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of SS. XII Apostoli; titular archbishop of Nicea and Tebe 1841: 604: 452: 793:"Aenea Sylvii Senensis... de morte Eugenii IV. creationeque & coronatione Nicolai V..," 1271: 592:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of SS. Marcellino e Pietro; titular archbishop of Kiev 211: 8: 1975: 1963: 1799: 1783: 1735: 1719: 1703: 1687: 1671: 1664: 1657: 1650: 1636: 1629: 1608: 1601: 1594: 1587: 1580: 1573: 1566: 1559: 1552: 1545: 1531: 1524: 1517: 1510: 1503: 1464: 1457: 1436: 1429: 1415: 1387: 1380: 1366: 1327: 1320: 1313: 1306: 1299: 1292: 1278: 1264: 1257: 1250: 1243: 1236: 1229: 1222: 1215: 1208: 1187: 1180: 1159: 1145: 1103: 1096: 1089: 1082: 1075: 1068: 1061: 1054: 1033: 1026: 1019: 1012: 1005: 998: 991: 984: 977: 970: 963: 956: 949: 942: 935: 928: 921: 493: 475: 363: 328: 266: 155: 150: 140: 68: 599: 424:, O.S.B.Cluny (18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of SS. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti; 1951: 608: 584: 498: 462: 385: 345: 323: 282: 246: 2073: 613: 570: 565: 484: 448: 437: 296: 78: 2056: 829:
Izbicki, Thomas M. 2007. "The politics of a conclave: the papal election of 1447."
528: 425: 407: 336: 311: 292: 270: 58: 768: 589: 480: 368: 288: 207: 174: 126: 850: 900: 557: 506: 226: 222: 178: 88: 573:(24 May 1426) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli; administrator of the 2153: 2137: 1831: 844: 696: 202: 824: 677:
See G. Bourgin, "Les cardinaux français et le diaire caméral de 1439-1486,"
520: 353: 43: 1851: 703:
Tome premier (Paris 1863) 93-96; 116-119. William Cornwallis Cartwright,
561: 515: 236: 847:. California State University Northridge. 2016. Retrieved: 7 March 2024. 523:(1 July 1440) — Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria Nuova; administrator of the 2124: 433: 580: 552: 445:, O.P. (18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere 250: 210:
friars of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, even though many members of the
2005: 1946: 254: 241: 429: 1958: 544: 543:, O.F.M. (September 1414) — Cardinal-Bishop of Albano; legate in 269:, which were sailing towards Italy, the (now unopposed) reign of 1892:
De aliquis mutationibus in normis de electione Romani Pontificis
501:, O.S.B.Cas. (16 December 1446) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Sabina; 492:(16 December 1446) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Angelo in Pescheria; 821:(tr. R.F. Kerr) third edition Volume II (St. Louis 1908), 3-26. 681:
24 (1904), 286. cf. Trollope, 1876, p. 134, who is incorrect. .
548: 314:(created on 18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Bishop of Palestrina; 1981: 348:(23 July 1423) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme; 514:(24 May 1426) — Cardinal-Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro; 451:(1 July 1440) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Lorenzo in Damaso; 394:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Crisogono; 371:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Anastasia; 1935: 474:(16 December 1446) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Clemente; 415:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Prassede; 362:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Marcello; 660:
16 (1893), 94. Trollope is incorrect in his dating.
616:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Ciriaco; 583:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Balbina; 483:(16 December 1446) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Susanna; 225:
had been granted the right to guard the conclave by
651:
Paolo di Benedetto di Cola dello Maestro records: "
607:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Vitale; 598:(18 December 1439) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Prisca; 465:(2 May 1444) — Cardinal-Priest of SS. IV Coronati; 239:of the Sacred College, was regarded as the leading 825:Notes on the Conclave of 1447, by Dr. J. P. Adams. 880: 812:Die Papstwahlen und die Staaten von 1447 bis 1555 787:The papal conclaves, as they were and as they are 214:would have preferred to relocate to the Vatican. 2135: 217:Several Roman barons, most prominent among them 560:(24 May 1426) — Cardinal-Priest of S. Eusebio; 795:Stephani Baluzii Miscellaneorum Liber Septimus 658:Archivio della SocietĂ  romana di storia patria 352:of S. Maria in Via Lata; administrator of the 169:(March 4–6), meeting in the Roman basilica of 866: 381:Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals 701:Histoire de la papautĂ© pendant le XVe siĂšcle 873: 859: 356:; Cardinal-protector of the Teutonic Order 333:Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church 188: 320:Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals 273:, Duke of Savoy, as well as a certain " 2136: 745: 743: 733: 731: 705:On the Constitution of Papal Conclaves 691: 689: 687: 679:MĂ©langes d' archeologie et d' histoire 668: 666: 638: 636: 634: 632: 903:(1274–1276, 1294–present) 854: 1988: 805:Histoire diplomatique des conclaves 752: 740: 728: 719: 710: 684: 663: 629: 457:Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church 13: 235:, the nephew of Pope Martin V and 14: 2170: 837: 341:Latin Patriarch of Constantinople 2116: 2099: 2082: 2065: 2048: 2031: 2014: 1997: 1969: 1957: 1945: 1919: 1918: 807:Volume I (Paris: 1864), 236-252. 291:rose following this speech, and 139: 761: 547:; administrator of the sees of 428:; administrator of the sees of 645: 1: 882:Papal elections and conclaves 775: 801:F. Petruccelli della Gattina 534: 307:The eighteen electors were: 184: 7: 894:Papal selection before 1059 302: 16:Election of Pope Nicholas V 10: 2175: 831:Cristianesimo nella storia 814:(TĂŒbingen: H. Laupp 1890). 577:; papal legate in Lombardy 392:AntĂłnio Martinez de Chaves 318:of SS. Nereo ed Achilleo; 177:(Parentucelli) to succeed 1913: 1872:Romano Pontifici eligendo 1818: 911: 888: 782:Trollope, Thomas Adolphus 672:So the Diarium camerale: 194:Santa Maria sopra Minerva 171:Santa Maria sopra Minerva 147: 138: 124: 119: 109: 104: 94: 84: 74: 64: 54: 49: 40:Santa Maria sopra Minerva 36: 31: 21: 2159:15th-century Catholicism 1882:Universi Dominici gregis 623: 422:Guillaume d'Estouteville 749:Trollope, 1876, p. 140. 725:Trollope, 1876, p. 138. 716:Trollope, 1876, p. 137. 642:Trollope, 1876, p. 135. 618:archbishop of Esztergom 564:; administrator of the 267:Alfonso, King of Aragon 2149:15th-century elections 1862:Ingravescentem aetatem 197: 1842:Aeterni Patris Filius 1451:October–December 1590 797:(Paris 1715) 525-562. 605:Petrus von Schaumberg 453:Patriarch of Aquileia 360:Niccolo d'Acciapaccio 259:Niccolo d'Acciapaccio 192: 819:History of the Popes 527:; archpriest of the 481:Tommaso Parentucelli 436:; archpriest of the 417:bishop of ThĂ©rouanne 406:; archpriest of the 289:Tommaso Parentucelli 219:Gio Baptista Savelli 212:College of Cardinals 127:Tommaso Parentucelli 1984:1447 papal conclave 845:"Sede Vacante 1447" 494:bishop of Plasencia 476:archbishop of Milan 364:archbishop of Capua 329:Francesco Condulmer 167:1447 papal conclave 69:Francesco Condulmer 609:bishop of Augsburg 596:Zbigniew Oleƛnicki 585:archbishop of York 499:Giovanni de Primis 467:bishop of Valencia 443:Juan de Torquemada 386:Basilios Bessarion 346:Domenico Capranica 324:grand penitentiary 247:Domenico Capranica 198: 32:Dates and location 1933: 1932: 810:J. B. SĂ€gmĂŒller, 566:see of Winchester 485:bishop of Bologna 449:Ludovico Trevisan 438:Liberian Basilica 404:see of Giovinazzo 297:Ludovico Trevisan 279:mansuetto agnello 163: 162: 79:Ludovico Trevisan 27: 2166: 2129: 2121: 2120: 2119: 2112: 2111:from Wikiversity 2104: 2103: 2102: 2095: 2087: 2086: 2085: 2078: 2070: 2069: 2068: 2061: 2053: 2052: 2051: 2044: 2036: 2035: 2034: 2027: 2019: 2018: 2017: 2010: 2002: 2001: 2000: 1990: 1974: 1973: 1972: 1962: 1961: 1950: 1949: 1941: 1926: 1922: 1921: 1906: 1902:Normas nonnullas 1896: 1886: 1876: 1866: 1856: 1846: 1836: 1809: 1802: 1793: 1786: 1777: 1770: 1761: 1754: 1745: 1738: 1729: 1722: 1713: 1706: 1697: 1690: 1681: 1674: 1667: 1660: 1653: 1646: 1639: 1632: 1625: 1618: 1611: 1604: 1597: 1590: 1583: 1576: 1569: 1562: 1555: 1548: 1541: 1534: 1527: 1520: 1513: 1506: 1497: 1490: 1481: 1474: 1472:March–April 1605 1467: 1460: 1453: 1446: 1439: 1432: 1425: 1418: 1411: 1404: 1397: 1390: 1383: 1376: 1369: 1360: 1353: 1344: 1337: 1330: 1323: 1316: 1309: 1302: 1295: 1288: 1281: 1274: 1267: 1260: 1253: 1246: 1239: 1232: 1225: 1218: 1211: 1204: 1197: 1190: 1183: 1176: 1169: 1162: 1155: 1148: 1141: 1134: 1127: 1120: 1113: 1106: 1099: 1092: 1085: 1078: 1071: 1064: 1057: 1050: 1043: 1036: 1029: 1022: 1015: 1008: 1001: 994: 987: 980: 973: 966: 959: 952: 945: 938: 931: 924: 904: 896: 875: 868: 861: 852: 851: 770: 765: 759: 756: 750: 747: 738: 735: 726: 723: 717: 714: 708: 693: 682: 670: 661: 649: 643: 640: 600:bishop of KrakĂłw 529:Vatican Basilica 512:Prospero Colonna 459:; bishop of Cava 426:bishop of Angers 408:Lateran Basilica 337:bishop of Verona 312:Giovanni Berardi 293:Giovanni Berardi 271:Antipope Felix V 233:Prospero Colonna 143: 114:Prospero Colonna 99:Prospero Colonna 59:Giovanni Berardi 26: 19: 18: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2168: 2167: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2144:Papal conclaves 2134: 2133: 2132: 2122: 2117: 2115: 2105: 2100: 2098: 2088: 2083: 2081: 2077:from Wikisource 2071: 2066: 2064: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2037: 2032: 2030: 2020: 2015: 2013: 2009:from Wiktionary 2003: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1989:sister projects 1986:at Knowledge's 1980: 1970: 1968: 1956: 1944: 1936: 1934: 1929: 1917: 1909: 1899: 1889: 1879: 1869: 1859: 1849: 1839: 1829: 1822: 1820: 1814: 1805: 1798: 1789: 1782: 1773: 1766: 1757: 1750: 1741: 1734: 1725: 1718: 1709: 1702: 1693: 1686: 1677: 1670: 1663: 1656: 1649: 1642: 1635: 1628: 1621: 1614: 1607: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1579: 1572: 1565: 1558: 1551: 1544: 1537: 1530: 1523: 1516: 1509: 1502: 1493: 1486: 1477: 1470: 1463: 1456: 1449: 1442: 1435: 1428: 1421: 1414: 1407: 1400: 1393: 1386: 1379: 1372: 1365: 1356: 1349: 1340: 1333: 1326: 1319: 1312: 1305: 1298: 1291: 1284: 1277: 1270: 1263: 1256: 1249: 1242: 1235: 1228: 1221: 1214: 1207: 1200: 1193: 1186: 1179: 1172: 1165: 1158: 1151: 1144: 1137: 1130: 1123: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1095: 1088: 1081: 1074: 1067: 1060: 1053: 1046: 1039: 1032: 1025: 1018: 1011: 1004: 997: 990: 983: 976: 969: 962: 955: 948: 941: 934: 927: 920: 913: 907: 899: 892: 884: 879: 843:John P. 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503:commendatario 500: 497: 495: 491: 490:Juan Carvajal 488: 486: 482: 479: 477: 473: 470: 468: 464: 461: 458: 454: 450: 447: 444: 441: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 420: 418: 414: 413:Jean Le Jeune 411: 409: 405: 401: 400:commendatario 397: 393: 390: 387: 384: 382: 378: 374: 373:commendatario 370: 367: 365: 361: 358: 355: 351: 350:commendatario 347: 344: 342: 338: 334: 330: 327: 325: 321: 317: 316:commendatario 313: 310: 309: 308: 300: 298: 294: 290: 286: 284: 280: 276: 275:Count Francis 272: 268: 262: 260: 256: 252: 248: 244: 243: 238: 234: 230: 228: 224: 220: 215: 213: 209: 205: 204: 203:Ubi periculum 195: 191: 182: 181:(Condulmer). 180: 176: 172: 168: 157: 152: 146: 142: 137: 134: 129: 128: 123: 118: 115: 112: 108: 103: 100: 97: 93: 90: 87: 83: 80: 77: 73: 70: 67: 63: 60: 57: 53: 50:Key officials 48: 45: 41: 35: 30: 20: 2123: 2106: 2089: 2072: 2055: 2038: 2026:from Commons 2021: 2004: 1983: 1976:Vatican City 1964:Christianity 1900: 1890: 1880: 1870: 1860: 1850: 1840: 1830: 1768:October 1978 1351:October 1503 1285: 1125:January 1276 1041:October 1187 830: 818: 811: 804: 794: 785: 763: 754: 721: 712: 704: 700: 678: 673: 657: 652: 647: 614:DĂ©nes SzĂ©csi 521:Pietro Barbo 502: 399: 372: 354:see of Fermo 349: 315: 306: 287: 283:disgorgement 278: 263: 240: 231: 216: 201: 199: 166: 164: 132: 131:Name taken: 125: 120:Elected pope 44:Papal States 2006:Definitions 1952:Catholicism 1852:Cum proxime 1752:August 1978 562:Protopriest 516:Protodeacon 377:see of Noli 237:Protodeacon 95:Protodeacon 85:Protopriest 2138:Categories 2057:Quotations 1823:(selected) 1402:April 1555 776:References 173:, elected 133:Nicholas V 110:Candidates 75:Camerlengo 24:March 1447 2108:Resources 2091:Textbooks 1821:documents 1819:Governing 1644:1830–1831 1623:1799–1800 1616:1774–1775 1539:1669–1670 1423:1565–1566 1395:1549–1550 1374:1521–1522 1202:1314–1316 1195:1304–1305 1174:1292–1294 1167:1287–1288 1153:1280–1281 1132:July 1276 1118:1268–1271 1111:1264–1265 914:conclaves 581:John Kemp 553:Comminges 535:Absentees 251:Benevento 208:Dominican 185:Balloting 1924:Category 1807:electors 1791:electors 1775:electors 1759:electors 1743:electors 1727:electors 1711:electors 1695:electors 1679:electors 1495:electors 1488:May 1605 1479:electors 1409:May 1555 1358:electors 1342:electors 784:. 1876. 303:Electors 255:Florence 242:papabile 105:Election 65:Sub-dean 1938:Portals 545:Avignon 505:of the 434:BĂ©ziers 402:of the 375:of the 158: â†’ 149:←  1905:(2013) 1895:(2007) 1885:(1996) 1875:(1975) 1865:(1970) 1855:(1922) 1845:(1621) 1835:(1274) 549:Lescar 2074:Texts 2023:Media 624:Notes 430:NĂźmes 2154:1447 2125:Data 2040:News 1800:2013 1784:2005 1736:1963 1720:1958 1704:1939 1688:1922 1672:1914 1665:1903 1658:1878 1651:1846 1637:1829 1630:1823 1609:1769 1602:1758 1595:1740 1588:1730 1581:1724 1574:1721 1567:1700 1560:1691 1553:1689 1546:1676 1532:1667 1525:1655 1518:1644 1511:1623 1504:1621 1465:1592 1458:1591 1437:1585 1430:1572 1416:1559 1388:1534 1381:1523 1367:1513 1328:1492 1321:1484 1314:1471 1307:1464 1300:1458 1293:1455 1286:1447 1279:1431 1272:1417 1265:1406 1258:1404 1251:1389 1244:1378 1237:1370 1230:1362 1223:1352 1216:1342 1209:1334 1188:1303 1181:1294 1160:1285 1146:1277 1104:1261 1097:1254 1090:1243 1083:1241 1076:1227 1069:1216 1062:1198 1055:1191 1034:1185 1027:1181 1020:1159 1013:1154 1006:1153 999:1145 992:1144 985:1143 978:1130 971:1124 964:1119 957:1118 950:1099 943:1088 936:1086 929:1073 922:1061 551:and 432:and 253:and 165:The 156:1455 151:1431 55:Dean 2140:: 803:, 742:^ 730:^ 686:^ 665:^ 631:^ 455:; 398:; 379:; 339:; 335:; 322:; 285:. 42:, 1992:: 1940:: 874:e 867:t 860:v 790:.

Index

Santa Maria sopra Minerva
Papal States
Giovanni Berardi
Francesco Condulmer
Ludovico Trevisan
Henry Beaufort
Prospero Colonna
Prospero Colonna
Tommaso Parentucelli

1431
1455
Santa Maria sopra Minerva
Pope Nicholas V
Pope Eugene IV

Santa Maria sopra Minerva
Ubi periculum
Dominican
College of Cardinals
Gio Baptista Savelli
Savelli family
Pope Gregory X
Prospero Colonna
Protodeacon
papabile
Domenico Capranica
Benevento
Florence
Niccolo d'Acciapaccio

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