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After the 26 December fire, a fact-finding team was dispatched to Busan. On 6 January 1955, they announced that of about 4,000 relics, more than 3,400 were lost. Around 546 relics in varying conditions were salvaged. Of the 48 royal portraits, 30 were lost completely, and 18 were recovered in varying
524:
At around 6:20 a.m. on 26 December 1954, a fire began spreading from an unattended candle lit by a housekeeper on the second floor of a shanty building in
Yongdusan. The fire destroyed 298 shanty buildings, affecting 1,420 people and killing one person. It was extinguished by 11 a.m. After
106:
During the Korean War, around 1 million refugees arrived in Busan. As the city was previously built to accommodate around 300,000 people, the refugees put a severe strain on the city's resources. Numerous shacks were constructed in close proximity. The shacks were often made from highly
223:, which froze the conflict. Amidst continued uncertainty about the resilience of the ceasefire, costs of again relocating the artifacts, and the repair efforts underway in Seoul, they continued to keep the artifacts in Busan. In October 1954, National Museum of Korea director Kim Jae-won (
399:
In 2006, several photos of the fire were revealed in an exhibition in Busan, along with historic photos of refugees and shanty houses. The photos, which were originally taken by a U.S. soldier, were purchased by Kim Han-geun, director of the Busan
Buddhist History Research Institute
85:
and were kept in a local warehouse owned by the Busan
National Music Center. Of the 48 royal portraits kept in the warehouse, 30 were completely destroyed in the fire. The others were recovered in varying conditions, with most being heavily damaged.
178:
710:'s face was originally deemed lost when two of his last remaining portraits were destroyed in the fire. However, in November 2016, a sketch of his portrait "miraculously" emerged in an auction, which was subsequently purchased by the
230:
558:
The fires are now considered among Busan's largest. The loss of the cultural relics has since been evaluated as a tragedy. While other portraits had been previously lost due to Korea's wars such as the
377:. The fire destroyed around 448 buildings and 435 shacks in the Yongdusan area. Four people died, and 6,000 people were affected by the fire. The fire completely burned down a local church, a hotel, a
546:
It is still not known with certainty everything that was lost in the fire; there was a list documenting the items in the collection, but it was destroyed in an arson incident on 6 June 1960, at
543:
denied the reports, claiming that only 400 relics, all of which were not national treasures, were lost in the fire. He further assured that nobody would be held responsible for the fires.
159:(near Yongdusan), Busan. Busan, which was made the provisional capital of South Korea, was further away from the border with North Korea, and thus thought to be safer for the artifacts.
118:
A number of significant fires occurred in Busan before the 1954 Yongdusan fire. For example, cases of great fires occurred on 5 December 1951, 2 January 1952, and 30 January 1953.
382:
571:, many had still survived until the time of the fire. At the end of the Joseon dynasty, among the 19 Joseon monarchs whose royal portraits were created, the portraits of
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126:
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295:
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149:
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were left. After the fire, only the royal portraits of four monarchs: Taejo, Sejo, Yeongjo, and
Cheoljong, have survived with recognizable faces.
387:
560:
73:
The 26 December fire, in particular, caused the loss of more than 3,400 historic relics, including historic portraits of kings of the
115:. Other factors also contributed to risk of fire, including poor access to water and the use of fire for keeping warm in the winter.
17:
689:
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235:
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550:, and no copies of it had been made. Some portraits were recovered in such poor condition that it is uncertain who they are of.
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in which he expressed his concerns about the safety of the artifacts from fire, but little was reportedly done in response.
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Other than Gojong and
Sunjong, whose portraits also remain along with their photographs
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138:, the South Korean government began moving around 4,000 historical relics from the
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747:), with text written below which described a yearning for protection from fire.
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58:), was a series of two fires that happened on 10 and 26 December 1954, around
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952:"[신문은 선생님] [뉴스 속의 한국사] 초상화로 진짜 얼굴 알 수 있는 조선 임금은 4명뿐이죠"
81:, had been brought to the area for safekeeping during the 1950–1953
66:, South Korea. The fires resulted in the destruction of hundreds of
842:
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these two fires, most of the shacks on
Yongdusan were destroyed.
108:
219:
These items were protected even through the signing of the 1953
727:
77:
dynasty (1392–1897). The relics, many of which were considered
74:
70:, along with the evacuation of around 7,420 refugees in total.
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49:
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was in the form of four
Chinese characters meaning "water" (
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On 28 September 1950, after Seoul was recaptured during the
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to a storage facility for the Busan
National Music Center (
725:
was installed in
Yongdusan Park with an inscription of a
616:
Royal portraits of Joseon that were damaged in the fire
718:
when he was commissioned a portrait of Sejo in 1935.
357:
On 10 December 1954, a fire began in
Donggwang-dong,
130:
Severe damage to buildings in Seoul (1 November 1950)
98:Refugees in Busan after the 30 January 1953, Busan
373:), a local clothing vendor, mishandled a brick of
437:Donggwang-dong, Jung District, Busan, South Korea
283:Donggwang-dong, Jung District, Busan, South Korea
162:Among these relics were royal portraits from the
1157:
381:center, and a provisional facility belonging to
216:. Other items included crafts and instruments.
1140:Photos of conditions before and after the fire
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43:
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361:, at 3:57 a.m., when Yun Dong-geun (
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93:
1069:"[역사속 공간] 조선 왕들의 얼굴, 한 줌 재가 되다"
191:Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty
121:
14:
1158:
1062:
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561:1592–1598 Japanese invasions of Korea
207:Records of the Border Defense Council
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871:Encyclopedia of Korean Local Culture
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804:Encyclopedia of Korean Local Culture
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714:. The sketch was drawn by painter
229:; 1909–1990) sent a letter to the
25:
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1133:
1028:
981:"부산 6·25 피란민 모습과 1954년 화재사진 첫 공개"
949:
934:
905:
884:
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799:"용두산 공원 대화재(龍頭山公園大火災) - 부산역사문화대전"
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262:Shanty houses burning in the fire
27:Large fires in Busan, South Korea
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672:
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712:National Palace Museum of Korea
529:conditions. On 8 January 1955,
107:flammable materials, including
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44:
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1040:"[작품속 경제리뷰] 조선 숙종 어진"
770:
89:
1016:(in Korean). 11 January 1955
750:
565:Later Jin invasion of Joseon
429:6:20 a.m. – 11:00 a.m.
7:
1098:"'피의 군주' 세조 얼굴이 선량하게 생겼다니…"
838:"화마에 쓸려간 '왕의 얼굴'…전쟁이 남긴 상처"
417:Second Busan Yongdusan fire
392:. The fire went out by 6:30
383:Donggwang Elementary School
275:3:57 a.m. – 6:30 a.m.
10:
1197:
251:First Busan Yongdusan fire
221:Korean Armistice Agreement
1117:"용두산공원 비석에 '화재 막아달라'부적이…"
950:유, 석재 (11 October 2023).
867:"부산 국제 시장 대화재 - 부산역사문화대전"
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351:448 buildings, 435 shacks
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196:Seoul National University
164:Changdeokgung Seonwonjeon
36:Yongdusan Park Great Fire
18:1954 Busan Yongdusan fire
1067:김규원 (12 December 2020).
531:Minister of Home Affairs
465:35.099639°N 129.032056°E
406:), from a U.S. auction.
311:35.101361°N 129.033750°E
175:National Museum of Korea
1096:김현민 (18 October 2018).
569:Qing invasion of Joseon
906:이, 재준 (October 2021).
741:) surrounding "fire" (
697:Crown Prince Hyomyeong
136:Second Battle of Seoul
131:
103:
986:The Kookje Daily News
908:"장서각도서의 성립 과정과 전래 경위"
470:35.099639; 129.032056
316:35.101361; 129.033750
231:Ministry of Education
179:Deoksugung Art Museum
129:
97:
32:Busan Yongdusan fires
1176:Jung District, Busan
1171:Fires in South Korea
1038:어기선 (17 June 2024).
979:조해훈 (22 June 2006).
502:Structures destroyed
348:Structures destroyed
122:Relocation of relics
34:, also known as the
1166:1954 in South Korea
1115:이상헌 (2 June 2010).
836:김석 (24 June 2020).
649:Cheoljong of Joseon
461: /
375:honeycomb briquette
307: /
140:Korean royal family
201:Seungjeongwon ilgi
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79:National Treasures
721:In 1955, a stone
665:Wonjong of Joseon
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16:(Redirected from
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456:129°01′55.4″E
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1125:(in Korean).
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1104:(in Korean).
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1079:. Retrieved
1074:Hankyoreh 21
1072:
1047:. Retrieved
1043:
1018:. Retrieved
1011:
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990:. Retrieved
984:
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962:. Retrieved
955:
926:– via
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874:. Retrieved
860:
848:. Retrieved
841:
808:. Retrieved
802:
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732:
726:
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695:Portrait of
679:Portrait of
663:Portrait of
647:Portrait of
631:Portrait of
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453:35°05′58.7″N
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100:Gukje Market
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1151:(in Korean)
1143:(in Korean)
1077:(in Korean)
960:(in Korean)
918:: 186–187.
846:(in Korean)
563:, the 1627
537: [
468: /
443:Coordinates
386: [
314: /
289:Coordinates
234: [
182: [
167: [
153: [
52::
42::
1181:1954 fires
1160:Categories
1122:Busan Ilbo
1013:Busan Ilbo
1008:"國寶燒失 안했다"
771:References
716:Kim Eun-ho
505:298 shacks
213:Ilseongnok
210:, and the
194:stored at
102:Great Fire
90:Background
83:Korean War
45:용두산 공원 대화재
924:1229-7755
751:Footnotes
601:Cheoljong
494:Evacuated
403:부산불교역사연구소
340:Evacuated
843:KBS News
597:Heonjong
434:Location
280:Location
55:龍頭山公園大火災
609:Sunjong
589:Jeongjo
585:Yeongjo
581:Sukjong
481:Impacts
422:Date(s)
327:Impacts
268:Date(s)
109:plywood
1148:Photos
1102:오피니언뉴스
1081:7 July
1049:5 July
1020:7 July
992:7 July
964:5 July
922:
876:6 July
850:4 July
810:4 July
733:bujeok
731:. The
728:bujeok
723:tablet
699:, 1826
683:, 1714
667:, 1935
651:, 1861
635:, 1808
607:, and
605:Gojong
554:Legacy
510:Damage
486:Deaths
394:
367:;
332:Deaths
204:, the
198:, the
75:Joseon
48:;
40:Korean
928:DBpia
865:장병윤.
797:차철욱.
593:Sunjo
573:Taejo
541:]
497:1,420
396:a.m.
390:]
343:6,000
238:]
186:]
171:]
157:]
148:) in
145:부산국악원
64:Busan
50:Hanja
1083:2024
1051:2024
1022:2024
994:2024
966:2024
920:ISSN
878:2024
852:2024
812:2024
577:Sejo
516:hwan
379:YMCA
111:and
30:The
912:장서각
370:尹東根
364:윤동근
226:김재원
1162::
1119:.
1100:.
1071:.
1059:^
1042:.
1030:^
1010:.
983:.
954:.
936:^
916:46
910:.
886:^
869:.
840:.
820:^
801:.
779:^
603:,
599:,
595:,
591:,
587:,
583:,
579:,
575:,
539:ko
388:ko
236:ko
184:ko
169:ko
155:ko
62:,
1085:.
1053:.
1024:.
996:.
968:.
930:.
880:.
854:.
814:.
744:火
738:水
489:1
400:(
335:4
38:(
20:)
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