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765:, with Bazoum being described as one of the few remaining pro-Western leaders in the region. Niger became a key ally for Western, particularly French, American, and Turkish forces. With multiple coups and rising anti-French sentiments in the region, Niger became France's partner of last resort. American-trained officers were also reported to have trained many members of the presidential guard. US military investments in Niger include nearly 1,100 soldiers, drones, a secret
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1194:(BCEAO). Following the expiration of its deadline on Bazoum's restoration, ECOWAS ordered the "immediate activation" of its intervention force, but said it still favors a peaceful resolution to the crisis. On 18 August, ECOWAS said it had agreed an undisclosed "D-Day" for a possible military intervention to restore democracy in Niger if diplomatic efforts fail, stressing that it would not hold endless dialogue with the junta.
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1312:, said the coup was a "nightmare" for the West, which counted on Bazoum and Niger as its "new security anchor" in the region. Flavien Baumgartner, an Africa analyst at the security and political risk consultancy Dragonfly, said that Bazoum's removal could lead to the Wagner Group expanding into Niger, given that the country is an important producer of
950:. However, a former advisor to Bazoum who had been in contact with him said that the military was trying to wear him down by surrounding his residence with armored military vehicles, chaining the access gates shut and cutting the electricity supply. Subsequent reports indicated that he has been suffering from bad health while in captivity.
1123:, who was in Europe at the time of the coup, also expressed his support for the President and welcomed the imposition of sanctions by ECOWAS on the military junta as "very satisfactory and logical", while insisting that anti-French demonstrations in Niamey did not represent the Nigerien people as a whole.
1211:
The United States formally referred to the coup as "an effort to seize power by force and to disrupt the constitution," stopping short of describing it as a coup, as doing so would entail a withdrawal of economic aid and military assistance, including existing drone and military bases, to the nation.
1118:
Niger's governing political coalition denounced the coup as "a suicidal and anti-republican madness", while the opposition coalition expressed support for the military's grievances but disapproved of any political changes through force. Two deputy officials of Bazoum's cabinet, Daouda
Takoubakoye and
969:
in the country until further notice. He also announced that the junta had issued a reprimand to France for violating the airspace closure after a military plane landed at an air base. Throughout the day, Télé Sahel continually broadcast the announcement of the junta's establishment with a few breaks
853:
In the morning the palace and adjacent ministries were blocked off by military vehicles and palace staff were prevented from accessing their offices. Up to 400 civilian supporters of Bazoum tried to approach the palace, but were dispersed by the
Presidential Guard with gunfire, leaving one injured.
1002:
proclaimed himself as the president of the
National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland in an address on Télé Sahel. He said the coup was undertaken to avoid "the gradual and inevitable demise" of the country and said that Bazoum had tried to hide "the harsh reality" of the country, which he
1276:
called on the
Nigerien military to provide a clear timeline for a return to civilian rule and uphold citizens' rights to democratic elections. The AU also demanded that the military return to barracks in fifteen days and restore civilian rule following a meeting of its Peace and Security Council.
834:
was also arrested and held in the palace, while roughly twenty members of the
Presidential Guard were spotted outside later in the day. The coup was reportedly led by Tchiani, whom analysts said Bazoum had planned to relieve from his position. Sources close to President Bazoum said that he had
1547:
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over the country for all commercial flights, and a closure of borders with Niger. A series of sanctions was also announced, including the suspension of all commercial and financial transactions between its member states and Niger and the freezing of assets and travel restrictions for military
1022:
Disruption within Niger following the coup has continued, with demonstrations, censorship of broadcasts and interruptions to power supplies, as well as evacuations of foreign nationals. The situation eventually escalated into a serious international crisis that has led to threats of military
897:
Seated and flanked by nine other officers wearing uniforms representing all the different branches of the security forces, Abdramane said the defense and security forces had decided to topple the regime "due to the deteriorating security situation and bad governance." He also announced the
730:, despite its military receiving training and logistical support from the United States, France and Turkey, which have bases in the country. It was also stated that disputes with the army over attitudes with ECOWAS' position on military juntas in the region may have also played a part;
1003:
called "a pile of dead, displaced, humiliation and frustration". He also criticized the government's security strategy for its purported ineffectiveness and lack of collaboration with Mali and
Burkina Faso but did not give a timeline for a return to civilian rule. His position as
930:
that the country's "legal and legitimate power" remained with the
President and reiterated that Bazoum was in good condition and that not the entire army was involved. Massaoudou also declared himself acting head of state and called on all democrats to "make this adventure fail".
1308:, said that the coup could impact Niger's fight against the Islamist insurgency, adding that there were indications that the Nigerien military was not pleased with the level of support they received to fight militants. Ulf Laessing, head of the Sahel program at the
857:
In response to these events, Niger's armed forces surrounded the presidential palace in support of Bazoum. The Army also issued a statement saying they had secured "major strategic points" in the country. The
Presidency stated that the Army and the
3817:
962:, declaring its support for the coup. The statement the need to "preserve the physical integrity" of the President and his family and avoid "a deadly confrontation that could create a bloodbath and affect the security of the population."
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mercenary company began to grow. Russia, through Wagner, has been gaining ground at the expense of the French in the region, following the latest coups in Mali and
Burkina Faso. At the same time, Turkey has also expanded its influence.
1007:
concurrent head of state was later confirmed by
Colonel Abdramane, who accused officials of Bazoum's government of plotting against the new regime while sheltering in foreign embassies and warned of bloodshed if they pushed through.
902:, the suspension of all state institutions, the closure of the country's borders and a nationwide curfew from 22:00 until 05:00 local time, while warning against any foreign intervention. The curfew was later lifted on 4 August.
1339:. By October 2022, 30% of the pipeline was complete. Benin authorities commented that the sanctions imposed on Niger by ECOWAS after the coup, although they did not stop construction work, could mean a significant delay. The
706:
Analysts cite the rising cost of living and perceptions of government "incompetence", as well as Bazoum's plans to replace the head of the presidential guard, General Abdourahmane Tchiani as possible triggers for the coup.
1253:
calling the coup a "serious concern" and calling for all sides "to show restraint" and for "the fastest possible return to legal order," while subsequently criticizing intervention by non-regional forces as "ineffective."
985:
party, with footage showing them stoning and setting fire to vehicles. They then subsequently ransacked and burned the premises, leading police to disperse them with tear gas. Demonstrations also occurred in front of the
1226:
The EU and France withheld financial and development aid to Niger and suspended all security cooperation agreements with the country. France stated that it continued to recognize Bazoum as the "sole president" of Niger.
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2408:
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The heavy pressure from the international community and ECOWAS to hand over power, has prompted the junta to seek support from like-minded regimes in the region. On 2 August, a junta delegation headed by General
981:, and throwing rocks at a passing politician's vehicle. The demonstrators also denounced the French presence and that of other foreign bases. Other demonstrators gathered outside the headquarters of Bazoum's
2196:
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The UN announced that it had suspended its humanitarian operations in the country, but later clarified that it was still delivering aid to Niger but was not in contact with the military. Meanwhile, the
644:. He was the country's first democratically elected president to assume office from a similarly elected predecessor. The coup also came in the wake of recent coups in nearby countries, such as in
922:
In the morning, Bazoum tweeted that Nigeriens who love democracy would see to it that "hard-won gains will be safeguarded", indicating his refusal to step down from office. His foreign minister,
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in March to agree with Mali that it could pursue jihadists on Malian territory, but Bazoum was supportive of ECOWAS in its anti-junta stance; Modi was replaced a few weeks later. Coup leader
1986:
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It expressed support for ECOWAS and warned the junta against harming Bazoum and those detained with him, stressing that it would hold them responsible for such an action. On 15 August, a
1190:
personnel involved in the coup. A planned 30 billion CFA franc ($ 51 million) bond issuance by Niger scheduled for 31 July in the West African regional debt market was cancelled by the
854:
Elsewhere in Niamey, the situation was described as calm. The Presidency also claimed that protests in support of Bazoum had occurred around the country's overseas diplomatic missions.
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At the time of the coup, a major oil pipeline that would be the longest in Africa at 1,980 kilometers in length was under construction. It would connect the oil fields of the
1034:
by "secretary-general of the government" Mahamane Roufai Laouali. Three Generals who were members of the CNSP were named to head the Interior, Defense and Sports ministries.
1119:
Oumar Moussa, said Tchiani's statements on the coup were "lies" and accused him and the presidential guard of staging the coup for "personal gain". Bazoum's Prime Minister,
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called the coup a "serious setback" for Africa. South Africa also condemned and called on the junta to ensure Bazoum's safety and urgently return to constitutional rule.
2932:
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1105:, from Niger by the end of 2023. Prior to this, Itté had defied the junta's demand for his expulsion, which led to a total blockade of the French embassy in Niamey.
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2185:
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2058:
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3818:"Niger : la Cedeao ordonne l'" activation immédiate " de sa force d'intervention, mais dit toujours privilégier une résolution pacifique de la crise"
7292:
1130:, as well as other former leaders were said to have been involved in initial negotiations to release Bazoum and have the presidential guards stand down.
699:, was appointed Chairman of ECOWAS on 9 July 2023 and warned that they will not allow another coup in the region and would take up these issues with the
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expressed support for Bazoum and called for a diplomatic resolution to the crisis but did not directly condemn the coup or refer to the event as one.
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990:. This prompted the Interior Ministry in the evening to ban on all demonstrations with immediate effect. Civil servants were also told to stay home.
3820:[Niger: ECOWAS orders the "immediate activation" of its intervention force, but still says it favors a peaceful resolution of the crisis].
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engaged in an "anti-Republican demonstration" and tried "in vain" to obtain the support of the other security forces. It also said that President
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Despite being detained, Bazoum has not resigned and has been able to get in contact with world leaders and officials such as French President
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in programming. The junta revoked military cooperation agreements with France, which has between 1,100 and 1,500 troops in the country.
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1548:"Coup d'État au Niger : 57 000 soldats chez les putschistes, la France refuse d'intervenir… quelles sont les forces en présence?"
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2008:
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as encouraging for jihadists, as the coups in Mali and Burkina Faso were followed by intensified jihadist violence, according to
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On 13 August, the junta announced that it would prosecute Bazoum for "high treason" and "undermining the country's security".
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On 20 August, Tchiani promised to return Niger to civilian rule within three years after meeting ECOWAS mediators in Niamey.
870:. The US embassy warned against travel along Niamey's Boulevard de la Republique, where the Presidential Palace was located.
73:
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2500:"Coup d'Etat au Niger : Les militaires putschistes suspendent " toutes les institutions " et ferment les frontières"
1191:
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Bazoum and his family were still in detention in mid-November 2023, reportedly with little food, water, or electricity.
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Bazoum's wife, Hadiza, and son, Salem, were detained with him at the presidential palace, while his daughters were in
5108:
2745:
2108:"Drones, base secrète de la CIA, millions de dollars d'aide... Pourquoi les Américains sont au premier plan au Niger"
1521:
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declared their support for the coup, hailing the coup plotters for fighting against neo-colonialism and imperialism.
130:
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when military dissidents tried to seize the presidential palace two days before the inauguration of president-elect
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2110:[Drones, secret CIA base, millions of dollars in aid... Why the Americans are at the forefront in Niger].
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decided on Tchiani's dismissal at a cabinet meeting on 24 July as their relations had reportedly become strained.
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2502:[Coup d'etat in Niger: The putschist soldiers suspend "all the institutions" and close the borders].
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1628:"Niger: Security Council strongly condemns 'efforts to unconstitutionally change' Government | UN News"
1245:." Prigozhin's statements contrasted with the official line given by the Russian government, with President
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1681:"Niger : ce que l'on sait de la tentative de coup d'Etat en cours contre le président Mohamed Bazoum"
653:
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On 30 July, ECOWAS gave Niger's coup leaders a one-week deadline to hand power back to Bazoum or to face
823:
102:
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Known as "Omar Tchiani" before his given name was given out in his public appearance following the coup.
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suspended Niger from the bloc and told its members to avoid any action that might legitimize the junta.
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3541:"Tentative de Coup d'Etat au Niger : l'Algérie condamne une "atteinte à l'ordre constitutionnel ""
1347:
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1309:
958:
The leadership of the Niger Armed Forces issued a statement signed by the army chief of staff, General
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3606:"Niger's president vows democracy will prevail after mutinous soldiers detain him and declare a coup"
2299:"Niger's president vows democracy will prevail after mutinous soldiers detain him and declare a coup"
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In March 2023, a Nigerien official alleged that another coup attempt was made while Bazoum was in
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1474:"U.S. sees 'narrow opportunity' to reverse coup in Niger as ousted president meets Chad's leader"
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In a television statement shortly after, Abdramane announced the suspension of all activities by
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1683:[Niger: what we know about the ongoing coup attempt against President Mohamed Bazoum].
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4723:
4663:
4653:
4524:
4509:
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4305:
1642:"UN envoy to continue efforts towards restoring constitutional order in Niger | UN News"
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1026:
On 10 August, the junta declared a new government, naming 21 ministers led by Prime Minister
999:
899:
815:
773:
743:
580:
265:
227:
108:
79:
3991:
1522:"Tensions rise as West African nations prepare to send troops to restore democracy in Niger"
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6857:
6062:
5087:
4968:
4698:
4529:
4463:
4415:
3543:[Coup attempt in Niger: Algeria condemns an "attack on the constitutional order"].
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that has operated in neighboring Mali and supplanted France in combating the country's own
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906:
311:
8:
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2027:
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stated that the Nigerien military overthrew Bazoum due to rising insecurity in regard to
610:, the latter of which threatened military intervention against the junta, leading to the
237:
166:
3768:[Niger: ECOWAS sets a one-week ultimatum and does not rule out "use of force"].
2802:"Niger's ousted president warns of 'devastating' coup impact, growing Russian influence"
939:
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4514:
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3452:"World Bank monitoring Niger's political situation, denounces destabilization attempts"
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959:
811:
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299:
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4703:
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2259:"Niger soldiers claim President Mohamed Bazoum has been ousted, deepening coup fears"
1255:
1230:
636:. In between, there were also several coup attempts, the most recent of which was in
7250:
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6477:
4910:
4818:
3662:"Niger coup: ECOWAS issues 7-day ultimatum for restore to normalcy, threatens force"
1166:; several of them, as well as the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
973:
A pro-coup demonstration took place with about 1,000 supporters of the junta flying
565:
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3766:"Níger: La CEDEAO pone un ultimátum de una semana y no descarta "uso de la fuerza""
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1027:
1023:
intervention by ECOWAS and heightened tensions and military mobilization in Niger.
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This was the fifth military coup d'état since the country gained independence from
275:
115:
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have called for Bazoum's immediate release. On 2 August, the World Bank suspended
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to claim that Bazoum had been removed from power and announced the formation of a
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3400:
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3241:"Niger military regime says will 'prosecute' president Bazoum for 'high treason'"
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2744:
Brennan, Eve; Mawad, Dalal; Briscoe, Oliver; Goillandeau, Martin (28 July 2023).
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1710:
1414:
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905:
One of the officers seen during the announcement was later identified as General
887:
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2636:
2059:"Niger coup leaders blamed insecurity; conflict data paints a different picture"
1472:
Kube, Courtney; Gains, Mohsheh; Williams, Abigail; De Luce, Dan (30 July 2023).
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In 2022, the country became the hub of France's anti-jihadist operations in the
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connecting Europe and Nigeria was still being planned at the time of the coup.
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1054:, Burkina Faso. On 12 August, a delegation from the putschists, led by General
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The junta declared a new government, naming 21 ministers led by Prime Minister
98:
3792:"West African central bank cancels Niger $ 51m bond issuance due to sanctions"
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to ask Guinea for support, and was received by the head of the Guinean junta,
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was pulling its troops as well as diplomatic staff, including its ambassador
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and his family were well after reports emerged that he was being held in the
723:
700:
599:
457:
444:
4276:"Benin says Niger oil pipeline not impacted by regional sanctions over coup"
2830:"Niger's captive leader losing weight in inhumane conditions, daughter says"
2432:"Niger president caught in attempted coup but armed forces rally in support"
814:'s Twitter account announced that presidential guards, commanded by General
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3740:"West African leaders threaten sanctions, force against Niger coup leaders"
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978:
974:
777:
776:, a current of thought favorable to the entry of Russian influence and the
762:
731:
688:
657:
540:
489:
287:
194:
3349:"Niger junta re-opens airspace to commercial flights, says national media"
2960:"Niger's General Abdourahamane Tchiani declares himself leader after coup"
4131:"Kremlin says interference of non-regional actors unlikely to help Niger"
3636:"Niger coup leader defiant as Nigeria cuts power, ECOWAS threatens force"
3267:"Niger coup leader Gen Tchiani promises to handover power in three years"
3142:"Niger military names 21-person cabinet ahead of key West African summit"
1602:"Niger: UN chief demands president's immediate and unconditional release"
1286:
1186:
1082:
The junta gradually reopened Niger's borders, starting with crossings to
1051:
943:
692:
4049:"France cuts off aid to Niger amid growing Western condemnation of coup"
3936:"US warns military junta in Niger not to harm detained president safety"
2987:"Niger coup supporters set fire to ruling party HQ, police fire teargas"
1766:"Niger general Tchiani named head of transitional government after coup"
1445:"Niger general Tchiani named head of transitional government after coup"
1185:. On the same day, ECOWAS leaders said they would immediately enforce a
866:
also reported that loyalist forces had surrounded the state broadcaster
243:
233:
223:
213:
3940:
2368:[In Niger, the army claims to have overthrown Mohamed Bazoum].
2052:
2050:
1139:
727:
359:
333:
1851:"Niger soldiers say President Bazoum has been removed, borders closed"
7254:
7233:
6481:
6476:
6426:
4079:
3401:"Niger coup: Wagner taking advantage of instability – Antony Blinken"
3375:"France to withdraw ambassador, troops from Niger after coup: Macron"
2895:
2868:
2661:
2567:"Soldiers in Niger claim to have overthrown President Mohamed Bazoum"
1979:"Niger becomes France's partner of last resort after Mali withdrawal"
927:
669:
3845:"West African bloc says 'D-Day' set for possible Niger intervention"
3485:"Niger coup: Ruling party HQ attacked after President Bazoum ousted"
2047:
1241:, praised the coup and called it part of Niger's fight against its "
2641:
2403:
2186:"Niger soldiers say President Bazoum's government has been removed"
1238:
747:
719:
271:
2399:"Niger: Concerns over fate of overthrown president and his family"
2220:"Niger coup: President Mohamed Bazoum in good health, says France"
4297:
4103:"Situation in Niger is 'cause for serious concern', says Kremlin"
3688:"Niger coup: West African leaders threaten military intervention"
3319:"Niger reopens borders with several neighbours a week after coup"
2777:
2191:
2063:
1313:
1293:
1259:
1151:
1083:
1059:
696:
4159:"Russia responsible for Niger coup, says top Ukrainian official"
3116:"African Union, ECOWAS condemn 'attempted coup d'état' in Niger"
3064:"Niger coup: EU suspends security cooperation and budgetary aid"
2746:"Niger general appears on state TV as new leader following coup"
2689:"Soldiers Declare Niger General New Leader After Attempted Coup"
2217:
1656:"Burkina Faso, Mali warn against military intervention in Niger"
799:
750:, but jihadist violence was decreasing at the time of the coup.
3969:
3893:"South Africa condemn the coup d'état in the Republic of Niger"
2773:"Blinken calls for immediate release of ousted Niger president"
2227:
2136:
Ali, Idrees; Psaledakis, Daphne; Ali, Idrees (10 August 2023).
1574:"EU, US Join ECOWAS Call for Niger Military Junta to Halt Coup"
1371:
1267:
1159:
1098:
1043:
827:
739:
680:
676:
607:
603:
591:
528:
515:
418:
405:
56:
4909:
3993:"China hopes Niger will find a 'political resolution' to coup"
3426:"Niger's deposed president 'doing well' despite coup: Premier"
2800:
Hauser, Jennifer; Conte, Michael; Lau, Chris (4 August 2023).
2743:
2468:"Mutinous soldiers claim to have overthrown Niger's president"
140:
Beginning of new military cooperation between Niger and Russia
4827:
4822:
4328:
4075:"Niger coup: Army general warns against foreign intervention"
4023:"EU, African Union escalate pressure on Niger's coup leaders"
3965:"Pentagon: Situation in Niger "Looks Like An Attempted Coup""
3012:"Niger situation remains 'fluid' as army backs coup plotters"
2717:"Niger situation remains 'fluid' as army backs coup plotters"
2537:"Niger coup: Captive President Bazoum defiant after takeover"
1737:"Niger's president 'held by guards' in apparent coup attempt"
1336:
1197:
1087:
839:
754:
569:
161:
4186:"UN still delivering aid in Niger, no contact with military"
1496:"Who is Omar Tchiani, the suspected brain behind Niger coup"
1216:
spokesperson referred to the events as an "attempted coup".
1097:
On 24 September, French President Emmanuel Macron announced
2257:
Dean, Sarah; Kennedy, Niamh; Madowo, Larry (26 July 2023).
1204:
called the coup a "military misbehavior". Kenyan President
1091:
1047:
867:
758:
684:
502:
3863:"Niger's Bazoum 'held by guards' in apparent coup attempt"
3572:"Niger coup: world leaders react to president's detention"
3221:"Niger: la junte de Niamey demande du soutien à la Guinée"
3090:"Niger coup: Abdourahmane Tchiani declares himself leader"
2336:"Niger army general declares himself country's new leader"
1894:"Niger's Bazoum 'held by guards' in apparent coup attempt"
806:, who was President of Niger from 2021 until the 2023 coup
2891:"Niger's army command declares support for military coup"
2806:
2750:
2693:
2609:
2366:"Au Niger, l'armée affirme avoir renversé Mohamed Bazoum"
2263:
2163:"Mali's junta gets warplanes, drones from Russia, Turkey"
863:
766:
691:
from membership due to successful coups in recent years.
628:
Niger had previously undergone four military coups since
572:
when the country's presidential guard detained President
4211:"Myanmar Junta Declares Support for Niger Military Coup"
1471:
710:
The country frequently ranks at the bottom of the UN's
1094:
on 1 August, followed by its airspace on 4 September.
3897:
Department of International Relations and Cooperation
2864:"Ousted Niger President Bazoum visited by his doctor"
873:
3714:"Africa Leaders Give Niger Junta Week To Cede Power"
1925:"We will not tolerate coups in West Africa – Tinubu"
953:
3194:"Niger : un haut responsable du CNSP à Bamako"
2218:Tchima Illa Issoufou; Lucy Fleming (28 July 2023).
1415:"Niger coup attempt: President Mohamed Bazoum held"
1413:Minjibir, Usman; Macaulay, Cecilia (26 July 2023).
4248:
3191:
2184:
2138:"US military mission in Niger in focus after coup"
892:National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland
668:2022, which has led to the region being called a "
190:National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland
3511:"Algeria strongly condemns coup attempt in Niger"
3167:"Niger junta delegation arrives in Mali's Bamako"
2657:"Detained Niger president defiant after coup bid"
2256:
862:were ready to attack the presidential guard. The
632:in 1960, with the most recent having occurred in
7279:
2985:Balima, Boureima; Aksar, Moussa (27 July 2023).
2183:Aksar, Moussa; Balima, Boureima (27 July 2023).
2135:
2009:"Why African militaries now want to talk Turkey"
1412:
583:proclaimed himself the leader of a new military
587:, shortly after confirming the coup a success.
3855:
2923:"Niger army pledges allegiance to coup makers"
2799:
2637:"Niger junta lifts curfew in place since coup"
2131:
2129:
1306:Center for Strategic and International Studies
16:Military coup against President Mohamed Bazoum
6462:
4895:
4803:
4313:
3912:"Here's why Niger's coup matters to the U.S."
3843:Adombila, Maxwell Akalaare (18 August 2023).
2954:
2952:
2950:
2605:"Niger soldiers announce coup on national TV"
1374:, although the government refused to comment.
4251:"Africa's longest oil pipeline 30% complete"
1819:"Is ECOWAS set to take on Niger militarily?"
1760:
1758:
1711:"Niger soldiers declare coup on national TV"
1233:, the head of the Russian private mercenary
909:, the head of the country's special forces.
111:proclaimed head of a transitional government
3038:"Niger bans protests after post-coup chaos"
2984:
2359:
2357:
2182:
2126:
6469:
6455:
4902:
4888:
4810:
4796:
4320:
4306:
3569:
3479:
3477:
2947:
2390:
2178:
2176:
2056:
1465:
1304:Cameron Hudson, a senior associate of the
3398:
2828:Salih, Zeinab Mohammed (11 August 2023).
1755:
1148:Economic Community of West African States
4183:
4017:
4015:
3842:
3628:
3293:"African Union suspends Niger over coup"
2354:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2324:
848:
798:
606:, and by the West African regional bloc
101:refuses to resign while detained at the
7215:Democratic Republic of the Congo (2024)
6853:Democratic Republic of the Congo (2004)
6407:Democratic Republic of the Congo (2024)
6014:Democratic Republic of the Congo (2004)
5018:Democratic Republic of the Congo (1965)
3909:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3474:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2465:
2429:
2363:
2296:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2173:
2105:
1972:
1970:
1792:"Timeline: A history of coups in Niger"
7280:
4249:theafricalogistics (19 October 2022).
2461:
2459:
2457:
2396:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2087:"Soldiers Mutiny in U.S.-Allied Niger"
1922:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
769:base, and millions of dollars in aid.
382:: at least 5,000 ECOWAS stand-by force
6450:
4883:
4791:
4301:
4151:
4012:
2861:
2827:
2602:
2321:
2084:
794:
555:At least 1 civilian supporter injured
7293:2020s coups d'état and coup attempts
3594:
3399:Armstrong, Kathryn (8 August 2023).
3198:APAnews – Agence de Presse Africaine
3192:APA-Niamey (Niger) (2 August 2023).
2591:
2524:
2241:
2106:Pierson, Elisabeth (8 August 2023).
2057:Mcallister, Edward (3 August 2023).
1976:
1967:
1816:
917:
757:region following its expulsion from
120:Significant unrest throughout Niamey
3810:
3758:
3218:
2454:
2411:from the original on 12 August 2023
2283:
1873:
1836:
1488:
1397:
1192:Central Bank of West African States
1126:Bazoum's predecessor as president,
576:, and Presidential Guard commander
558:Several civilian supporters injured
13:
5025:Central African Republic (1965–66)
4327:
4184:Nicholls, Michele (29 July 2023).
3329:from the original on 2 August 2023
2397:La Cam, Morgane (12 August 2023).
874:Announcement of Bazoum's overthrow
14:
7324:
3962:
3910:Kelemen, Michele (27 July 2023).
3873:from the original on 27 July 2023
3616:from the original on 27 July 2023
3582:from the original on 27 July 2023
3551:from the original on 27 July 2023
3521:from the original on 26 July 2023
3462:from the original on 27 July 2023
2935:from the original on 27 July 2023
2903:from the original on 27 July 2023
2669:from the original on 26 July 2023
2617:from the original on 27 July 2023
2579:from the original on 26 July 2023
2547:from the original on 27 July 2023
2512:from the original on 26 July 2023
2480:from the original on 27 July 2023
2442:from the original on 26 July 2023
2378:from the original on 27 July 2023
2364:Olivier, Mathieu (27 July 2023).
2309:from the original on 27 July 2023
2271:from the original on 26 July 2023
2199:from the original on 26 July 2023
2023:"A coup foretold but not averted"
1989:from the original on 26 July 2023
1923:Okafor, Chiamaka (10 July 2023).
1904:from the original on 27 July 2023
1861:from the original on 27 July 2023
1691:from the original on 26 July 2023
1540:
1425:from the original on 26 July 2023
954:Military recognition of the junta
886:went on state television channel
624:2021 Nigerien coup d'état attempt
7261:
7260:
6484:, and attempted coups since 1991
4826:
4426:
4268:
4242:
4217:
4203:
4177:
4123:
2603:Peter, Laurence (27 July 2023).
1977:Rich, David (18 February 2022).
1817:Luke, Daramola (4 August 2023).
1296:expressed support for the coup.
1133:
598:. The coup was condemned by the
534:
521:
508:
495:
482:
463:
450:
437:
424:
411:
399:
353:
343:
327:
305:
293:
281:
270:
259:
242:
232:
222:
212:
183:
160:
7100:Central African Republic (2021)
6994:Central African Republic (2013)
6808:Central African Republic (2003)
6788:Central African Republic (2001)
6494:List of coups and coup attempts
6274:Central African Republic (2021)
6172:Central African Republic (2013)
5958:Central African Republic (2003)
5944:Central African Republic (2001)
5495:Central African Republic (1982)
5474:Central African Republic (1981)
5414:Central African Republic (1979)
4095:
4067:
4041:
3984:
3956:
3928:
3903:
3885:
3836:
3784:
3732:
3706:
3680:
3654:
3563:
3533:
3503:
3444:
3418:
3392:
3367:
3341:
3311:
3285:
3259:
3233:
3212:
3185:
3159:
3134:
3108:
3082:
3056:
3030:
3004:
2978:
2915:
2883:
2855:
2821:
2793:
2765:
2737:
2709:
2681:
2649:
2629:
2559:
2492:
2430:Pilling, David (26 July 2023).
2423:
2211:
2155:
2099:
2078:
2015:
2001:
1942:
1916:
1810:
1784:
1729:
1703:
1673:
1648:
1634:
1377:
1364:
1174:to Niger until further notice.
91:Borders closed; curfew declared
2862:Habib, Gift (12 August 2023).
1620:
1594:
1566:
1514:
1437:
1270:was behind the coup in Niger.
1150:(ECOWAS), the United Nations,
1138:The coup was condemned by the
1018:Nigerien crisis (2023–present)
679:, which has already suspended
137:military intervention in Niger
1:
6337:Burkina Faso (September 2022)
3604:Mednick, Sam (27 July 2023).
2466:Mednick, Sam (27 July 2023).
2297:Mednick, Sam (27 July 2023).
1390:
772:At the same time, along with
738:until 31 March 2023, visited
617:
594:in 1960, and the first since
7165:São Tomé and Príncipe (2022)
6828:São Tomé and Príncipe (2003)
6667:São Tomé and Príncipe (1995)
6344:São Tomé and Príncipe (2022)
5979:São Tomé and Príncipe (2003)
5898:Republic of the Congo (1998)
5835:São Tomé and Príncipe (1995)
5772:Sierra Leone (December 1992)
5649:São Tomé and Príncipe (1988)
5621:Republic of the Congo (1987)
5225:Republic of the Congo (1972)
5123:Republic of the Congo (1968)
5074:Republic of the Congo (1966)
4927:Republic of the Congo (1960)
4225:"Niger-Benin Crude Pipeline"
2085:Turse, Nick (26 July 2023).
1108:
1011:
946:, and US Secretary of State
7:
6323:Burkina Faso (January 2022)
5516:Upper Volta (February 1983)
3824:(in French). 10 August 2023
3570:AfricaNews (27 July 2023).
3226:Radio France Internationale
1687:(in French). 26 July 2023.
1299:
1283:Indigenous People of Biafra
1113:
714:and has also suffered from
10:
7329:
7308:July 2023 events in Africa
5870:Sierra Leone (August 1996)
3772:(in Spanish). 30 July 2023
1554:(in French). 6 August 2023
1348:International Crisis Group
1341:Trans-Saharan gas pipeline
1310:Konrad Adenauer Foundation
1015:
993:
977:, voicing support for the
912:
900:the country's constitution
810:Early in the morning, the
789:
621:
7228:
7087:
6931:
6745:
6514:
6489:
6416:
6258:
6079:
5921:
5686:
5523:Upper Volta (August 1983)
5423:
5167:
4918:
4836:
4761:
4639:
4630:
4588:
4579:
4505:
4496:
4444:
4435:
4424:
4336:
842:at the time of the coup.
784:
549:
389:
373:
320:
203:
150:
36:26–28 July 2023
28:
24:2023 Nigerien coup d'etat
23:
6848:Equatorial Guinea (2004)
6007:Equatorial Guinea (2004)
5407:Equatorial Guinea (1979)
4229:www.nsenergybusiness.com
1357:
1346:The coup is seen by the
1221:Chinese foreign ministry
630:independence from France
7313:Military coups in Niger
5039:Burundi (November 1966)
1179:international sanctions
938:, UN Secretary-General
712:Human Development Index
703:and Western countries.
365:National Guard of Niger
69:Coup d'état successful
7267:Plots and conspiracies
6768:Solomon Islands (2000)
6309:Sudan (September 2021)
5144:Libya (September 1969)
5060:Nigeria (January 1966)
4361:Sultanate of Damagaram
3720:. Agence France-Presse
3219:RFI (13 August 2023).
1292:The military junta of
1086:, Burkina Faso, Mali,
1030:in an announcement on
807:
204:Commanders and leaders
7303:Anti-French sentiment
6632:Bophuthatswana (1994)
5800:Bophuthatswana (1994)
5158:Libya (December 1969)
4948:French Algeria (1961)
4401:2005–2006 food crisis
1929:Premium Times Nigeria
1121:Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou
1000:Abdourahamane Tchiani
849:Military mobilization
816:Abdourahamane Tchiani
802:
774:anti-French sentiment
744:Abdourahamane Tchiani
716:Islamist insurgencies
675:Niger is a member of
622:Further information:
581:Abdourahamane Tchiani
550:Casualties and losses
266:Abdourahamane Tchiani
228:Ouhoumoudou Mahamadou
109:Abdourahamane Tchiani
80:Constitution of Niger
7298:2023 Nigerien crisis
7205:Guinea-Bissau (2023)
7160:Guinea-Bissau (2022)
7144:Burkina Faso (2022)
6979:Guinea-Bissau (2012)
6954:Guinea-Bissau (2011)
6823:Guinea-Bissau (2003)
6798:Côte d'Ivoire (2002)
6773:Côte d'Ivoire (2001)
6737:Côte d'Ivoire (1999)
6722:Guinea-Bissau (1998)
6393:Guinea-Bissau (2023)
6330:Guinea-Bissau (2022)
6316:Sudan (October 2021)
6165:Libya (October 2013)
6123:Guinea-Bissau (2012)
6109:Guinea-Bissau (2011)
5972:Guinea-Bissau (2003)
5951:Côte d'Ivoire (2002)
5930:Côte d'Ivoire (2001)
5912:Côte d'Ivoire (1999)
5891:Guinea-Bissau (1998)
5446:Guinea-Bissau (1980)
4913:in Africa since 1960
4255:The Africa Logistics
1056:Moussa Salaou Barmou
907:Moussa Salaou Barmou
830:. Interior Minister
734:, Chief of staff of
656:in 2021, and two in
612:2023 Nigerien crisis
312:Moussa Salaou Barmou
74:Mahamadou government
7200:Sierra Leone (2023)
7195:Burkina Faso (2023)
7049:Burkina Faso (2016)
7039:Burkina Faso (2015)
6803:Burkina Faso (2003)
6582:Sierra Leone (1992)
6547:Georgia (1991–1992)
6537:Soviet Union (1991)
6386:Sierra Leone (2023)
6379:Burkina Faso (2023)
6214:Burkina Faso (2016)
6207:Burkina Faso (2015)
5986:Burkina Faso (2003)
5884:Sierra Leone (1997)
5842:Sierra Leone (1996)
5758:Sierra Leone (1992)
5656:Burkina Faso (1989)
5607:Burkina Faso (1987)
5109:Sierra Leone (1968)
5067:Nigeria (July 1966)
5032:Burundi (July 1966)
4356:Sultanate of Agadez
2035:(16). 3 August 2023
2028:Africa Confidential
1950:"The coup in Niger"
1264:Volodymyr Zelenskyy
1239:jihadist insurgency
924:Hassoumi Massaoudou
824:Presidential Palace
812:Nigerien presidency
564:On 26 July 2023, a
238:Hassoumi Massaoudou
167:Government of Niger
103:Presidential Palace
6898:Philippines (2007)
6818:Philippines (2003)
5509:Upper Volta (1982)
5453:Upper Volta (1980)
5351:Uganda (June 1977)
5239:Upper Volta (1974)
5053:Upper Volta (1966)
4739:Seasonal migration
4608:Telecommunications
4375:Tuareg rebellions
4371:French West Africa
3355:. 4 September 2023
1274:Human Rights Watch
1128:Mahamadou Issoufou
1075:On 22 August, the
960:Abdou Sidikou Issa
942:, AU Commissioner
808:
795:Bazoum's detention
349:Presidential Guard
300:Abdou Sidikou Issa
7275:
7274:
6959:Bangladesh (2011)
6944:Madagascar (2010)
6918:Madagascar (2009)
6908:Mauritania (2008)
6888:Madagascar (2006)
6873:Mauritania (2005)
6813:Mauritania (2003)
6702:Bangladesh (1996)
6657:Azerbaijan (1995)
6602:Azerbaijan (1993)
6551:Venezuela (1992)
6444:
6443:
6421:: successful coup
6193:The Gambia (2014)
6130:Mali (April 2012)
6116:Mali (March 2012)
6088:Madagascar (2010)
6070:Madagascar (2009)
6056:Mauritania (2008)
6042:Madagascar (2006)
6028:Mauritania (2005)
5965:Mauritania (2003)
5537:Mauritania (1984)
5488:Seychelles (1981)
5460:Mauritania (1981)
5432:Mauritania (1980)
5393:Mauritania (1979)
5386:Mauritania (1978)
5337:Seychelles (1977)
4877:
4876:
4785:
4784:
4757:
4756:
4704:List of Nigeriens
4689:Human trafficking
4626:
4625:
4575:
4574:
4557:Political parties
4552:National Assembly
4520:Foreign relations
4492:
4491:
4406:COVID-19 pandemic
4213:. 21 August 2023.
3379:www.aljazeera.com
3325:. 2 August 2023.
1331:, Niger with the
1256:Mykhailo Podolyak
1231:Yevgeny Prigozhin
988:National Assembly
967:political parties
918:Bazoum's response
562:
561:
390:Political support
146:
145:
7320:
7264:
7263:
6793:Venezuela (2002)
6622:Lithuania (1993)
6597:Guatemala (1993)
6471:
6464:
6457:
6448:
6447:
6437:
6429:
6422:
6409:
6402:
6395:
6388:
6381:
6374:
6367:
6360:
6353:
6346:
6339:
6332:
6325:
6318:
6311:
6304:
6297:
6290:
6283:
6276:
6269:
6251:
6244:
6237:
6230:
6223:
6216:
6209:
6202:
6195:
6188:
6181:
6174:
6167:
6160:
6153:
6146:
6139:
6132:
6125:
6118:
6111:
6104:
6097:
6090:
6072:
6065:
6058:
6051:
6044:
6037:
6030:
6023:
6016:
6009:
6002:
5995:
5988:
5981:
5974:
5967:
5960:
5953:
5946:
5939:
5932:
5914:
5907:
5900:
5893:
5886:
5879:
5872:
5865:
5858:
5851:
5844:
5837:
5830:
5823:
5816:
5809:
5802:
5795:
5788:
5781:
5774:
5767:
5760:
5753:
5746:
5739:
5732:
5725:
5718:
5711:
5704:
5697:
5679:
5672:
5665:
5658:
5651:
5644:
5637:
5630:
5623:
5616:
5609:
5602:
5595:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5567:
5560:
5553:
5546:
5539:
5532:
5525:
5518:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5490:
5483:
5476:
5469:
5462:
5455:
5448:
5441:
5434:
5416:
5409:
5402:
5395:
5388:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5360:
5353:
5346:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5318:
5311:
5304:
5297:
5290:
5283:
5276:
5269:
5262:
5255:
5248:
5241:
5234:
5227:
5220:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5192:
5185:
5178:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5139:
5132:
5125:
5118:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5090:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5062:
5055:
5048:
5041:
5034:
5027:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4978:
4971:
4964:
4957:
4950:
4943:
4936:
4929:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4881:
4880:
4831:
4830:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4789:
4788:
4770:
4637:
4636:
4586:
4585:
4503:
4502:
4442:
4441:
4430:
4411:2023 coup d'état
4322:
4315:
4308:
4299:
4298:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4261:
4246:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4127:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4088:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4019:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4005:
3995:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3963:Singh, Sabrina.
3960:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3944:. 11 August 2023
3932:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3869:. 26 July 2023.
3859:
3853:
3852:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3710:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3699:
3684:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3666:The Informant247
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3647:
3632:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3601:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3567:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3481:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3458:. 27 July 2023.
3448:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3422:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3385:
3371:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3345:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3315:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:. 22 August 2023
3289:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3273:. 20 August 2023
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3247:. 13 August 2023
3237:
3231:
3230:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3205:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2956:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2931:. 28 July 2023.
2919:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2899:. 27 July 2023.
2887:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2825:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2665:. 27 July 2023.
2653:
2647:
2646:
2645:. 4 August 2023.
2633:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2600:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2543:. 27 July 2023.
2533:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2463:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2361:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2332:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2294:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2254:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2188:
2180:
2171:
2170:
2169:. 16 March 2023.
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2133:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2054:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1900:. 26 July 2023.
1890:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1857:. 26 July 2023.
1847:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1823:The Informant247
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1762:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1579:Voice of America
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1528:. 12 August 2023
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1410:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1368:
1258:, an adviser to
1249:'s spokesperson
1064:Mamadi Doumbouya
1028:Ali Lamine Zeine
940:António Guterres
884:Amadou Abdramane
878:In the evening,
826:in the capital,
736:Niger's military
539:
538:
537:
527:
525:
524:
514:
512:
511:
501:
499:
498:
488:
486:
485:
469:
467:
466:
456:
454:
453:
443:
441:
440:
430:
428:
427:
417:
415:
414:
404:
403:
402:
380:Western estimate
358:
357:
356:
348:
347:
346:
332:
331:
330:
310:
309:
308:
298:
297:
296:
286:
285:
284:
276:Amadou Abdramane
274:
264:
263:
262:
246:
236:
226:
216:
188:
187:
186:
165:
164:
116:Ali Lamine Zeine
47:
45:
41:
30:
29:
21:
20:
7328:
7327:
7323:
7322:
7321:
7319:
7318:
7317:
7278:
7277:
7276:
7271:
7258:
7224:
7083:
7079:Ethiopia (2019)
7059:Zimbabwe (2017)
7029:Yemen (2014–15)
7019:Thailand (2014)
6927:
6923:Honduras (2009)
6883:Thailand (2006)
6758:Paraguay (2000)
6741:
6732:Pakistan (1999)
6707:Cambodia (1997)
6677:Paraguay (1996)
6652:Cambodia (1994)
6532:Thailand (1991)
6510:
6485:
6475:
6445:
6440:
6432:
6425:
6420:
6412:
6405:
6398:
6391:
6384:
6377:
6370:
6363:
6356:
6349:
6342:
6335:
6328:
6321:
6314:
6307:
6300:
6293:
6286:
6279:
6272:
6265:
6254:
6249:Ethiopia (2019)
6247:
6240:
6233:
6228:Zimbabwe (2017)
6226:
6219:
6212:
6205:
6198:
6191:
6184:
6177:
6170:
6163:
6156:
6149:
6142:
6135:
6128:
6121:
6114:
6107:
6100:
6093:
6086:
6075:
6068:
6061:
6054:
6047:
6040:
6033:
6026:
6019:
6012:
6005:
5998:
5991:
5984:
5977:
5970:
5963:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5935:
5928:
5917:
5910:
5903:
5896:
5889:
5882:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5833:
5826:
5819:
5812:
5805:
5798:
5791:
5784:
5777:
5770:
5763:
5756:
5749:
5742:
5735:
5728:
5721:
5714:
5707:
5700:
5693:
5682:
5675:
5668:
5663:Ethiopia (1989)
5661:
5654:
5647:
5640:
5635:Transkei (1987)
5633:
5626:
5619:
5612:
5605:
5598:
5591:
5584:
5577:
5570:
5563:
5556:
5549:
5544:Cameroon (1984)
5542:
5535:
5528:
5521:
5514:
5507:
5500:
5493:
5486:
5479:
5472:
5465:
5458:
5451:
5444:
5437:
5430:
5419:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5391:
5384:
5377:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5321:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5293:
5286:
5279:
5272:
5265:
5260:Ethiopia (1974)
5258:
5251:
5244:
5237:
5230:
5223:
5216:
5209:
5202:
5195:
5188:
5181:
5174:
5163:
5156:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5128:
5121:
5114:
5107:
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5037:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4988:
4981:
4974:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4934:Ethiopia (1960)
4932:
4925:
4914:
4908:
4878:
4873:
4832:
4825:
4816:
4786:
4781:
4773:
4766:
4753:
4729:Public holidays
4622:
4571:
4542:Law enforcement
4488:
4431:
4422:
4332:
4326:
4296:
4295:
4285:
4283:
4282:. 3 August 2023
4274:
4273:
4269:
4259:
4257:
4247:
4243:
4233:
4231:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4209:
4208:
4204:
4194:
4192:
4182:
4178:
4168:
4166:
4165:. 1 August 2023
4157:
4156:
4152:
4142:
4140:
4139:. 4 August 2023
4129:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4112:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4086:
4084:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4058:
4056:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4032:
4030:
4021:
4020:
4013:
4003:
4001:
4000:. 3 August 2023
3990:
3989:
3985:
3975:
3973:
3961:
3957:
3947:
3945:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3919:
3917:
3908:
3904:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3876:
3874:
3861:
3860:
3856:
3841:
3837:
3827:
3825:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3775:
3773:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3749:
3747:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3723:
3721:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3697:
3695:
3686:
3685:
3681:
3671:
3669:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3645:
3643:
3642:. 3 August 2023
3634:
3633:
3629:
3619:
3617:
3602:
3595:
3585:
3583:
3568:
3564:
3554:
3552:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3524:
3522:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3494:
3492:
3483:
3482:
3475:
3465:
3463:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3435:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3409:
3407:
3397:
3393:
3383:
3381:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3358:
3356:
3347:
3346:
3342:
3332:
3330:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3302:
3300:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3276:
3274:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3250:
3248:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3217:
3213:
3203:
3201:
3190:
3186:
3176:
3174:
3173:. 2 August 2023
3165:
3164:
3160:
3150:
3148:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3125:
3123:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3097:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3073:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3047:
3045:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3010:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2993:
2983:
2979:
2969:
2967:
2958:
2957:
2948:
2938:
2936:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2874:
2872:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2826:
2822:
2812:
2810:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2782:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2700:
2698:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2672:
2670:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2620:
2618:
2601:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2548:
2535:
2534:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2481:
2464:
2455:
2445:
2443:
2436:Financial Times
2428:
2424:
2414:
2412:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2362:
2355:
2345:
2343:
2334:
2333:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2295:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2255:
2242:
2232:
2230:
2216:
2212:
2202:
2200:
2181:
2174:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2134:
2127:
2117:
2115:
2104:
2100:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2055:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1975:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1892:
1891:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1815:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1718:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1692:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1664:
1662:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1644:. 31 July 2023.
1640:
1639:
1635:
1630:. 29 July 2023.
1626:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1585:
1583:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1557:
1555:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1531:
1529:
1520:
1519:
1515:
1505:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1456:
1454:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1428:
1426:
1411:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1302:
1266:, alleged that
1136:
1116:
1111:
1020:
1014:
996:
956:
936:Emmanuel Macron
920:
915:
898:dissolution of
876:
851:
797:
792:
787:
695:, President of
626:
620:
545:
535:
533:
522:
520:
509:
507:
496:
494:
483:
481:
475:
464:
462:
451:
449:
438:
436:
425:
423:
412:
410:
400:
398:
369:
354:
352:
344:
342:
336:loyal to Bazoum
328:
326:
316:
306:
304:
294:
292:
282:
280:
260:
258:
252:
199:
184:
182:
176:
159:
125:Nigerien crisis
94:Airspace closed
60:
43:
39:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7326:
7316:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7269:
7246:
7238:
7236:or its attempt
7229:
7226:
7225:
7223:
7222:
7220:Bolivia (2024)
7217:
7212:
7210:Nigeria (2024)
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7187:
7182:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7157:
7156:
7155:
7150:
7142:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7127:
7125:Tunisia (2021)
7122:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7105:Myanmar (2021)
7102:
7097:
7091:
7089:
7085:
7084:
7082:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7061:
7056:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7036:
7034:Burundi (2015)
7031:
7026:
7021:
7016:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6989:Eritrea (2013)
6986:
6981:
6976:
6975:
6974:
6969:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6935:
6933:
6929:
6928:
6926:
6925:
6920:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6875:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6778:Burundi (2001)
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6753:Ecuador (2000)
6749:
6747:
6743:
6742:
6740:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6687:Burundi (1996)
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6647:Liberia (1994)
6644:
6642:Lesotho (1994)
6639:
6634:
6629:
6627:Nigeria (1993)
6624:
6619:
6617:Burundi (1993)
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6587:Algeria (1992)
6584:
6579:
6578:
6577:
6572:
6564:
6563:
6562:
6557:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6527:Lesotho (1991)
6524:
6518:
6516:
6512:
6511:
6509:
6508:
6507:
6506:
6501:
6490:
6487:
6486:
6474:
6473:
6466:
6459:
6451:
6442:
6441:
6439:
6438:
6435:attempted coup
6430:
6423:
6417:
6414:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6403:
6400:Nigeria (2024)
6396:
6389:
6382:
6375:
6368:
6361:
6354:
6347:
6340:
6333:
6326:
6319:
6312:
6305:
6298:
6295:Tunisia (2021)
6291:
6284:
6277:
6270:
6262:
6260:
6256:
6255:
6253:
6252:
6245:
6238:
6231:
6224:
6217:
6210:
6203:
6200:Burundi (2015)
6196:
6189:
6186:Lesotho (2014)
6182:
6175:
6168:
6161:
6154:
6147:
6144:Eritrea (2013)
6140:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6105:
6098:
6091:
6083:
6081:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6073:
6066:
6059:
6052:
6045:
6038:
6031:
6024:
6017:
6010:
6003:
5996:
5989:
5982:
5975:
5968:
5961:
5954:
5947:
5940:
5937:Burundi (2001)
5933:
5925:
5923:
5919:
5918:
5916:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5856:Burundi (1996)
5852:
5845:
5838:
5831:
5828:Comoros (1995)
5824:
5821:Liberia (1994)
5817:
5814:Lesotho (1994)
5810:
5803:
5796:
5793:Nigeria (1993)
5789:
5782:
5779:Burundi (1993)
5775:
5768:
5765:Algeria (1992)
5761:
5754:
5747:
5744:Lesotho (1991)
5740:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5712:
5705:
5702:Nigeria (1990)
5698:
5690:
5688:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5673:
5666:
5659:
5652:
5645:
5638:
5631:
5628:Tunisia (1987)
5624:
5617:
5614:Burundi (1987)
5610:
5603:
5596:
5593:Lesotho (1986)
5589:
5586:Liberia (1985)
5582:
5575:
5568:
5565:Nigeria (1985)
5561:
5554:
5547:
5540:
5533:
5530:Nigeria (1983)
5526:
5519:
5512:
5505:
5498:
5491:
5484:
5477:
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5439:Liberia (1980)
5435:
5427:
5425:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5417:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5372:Comoros (1978)
5368:
5365:Somalia (1978)
5361:
5354:
5347:
5340:
5333:
5326:
5319:
5316:Nigeria (1976)
5312:
5309:Burundi (1976)
5305:
5302:Comoros (1976)
5298:
5291:
5288:Nigeria (1975)
5284:
5277:
5270:
5267:Comoros (1975)
5263:
5256:
5249:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5218:Morocco (1972)
5214:
5207:
5204:Dahomey (1972)
5200:
5193:
5190:Morocco (1971)
5186:
5179:
5176:Lesotho (1970)
5171:
5169:
5165:
5164:
5162:
5161:
5154:
5151:Somalia (1969)
5147:
5140:
5133:
5130:Dahomey (1969)
5126:
5119:
5112:
5105:
5102:Algeria (1967)
5098:
5091:
5084:
5081:Dahomey (1967)
5077:
5070:
5063:
5056:
5049:
5042:
5035:
5028:
5021:
5014:
5011:Burundi (1965)
5007:
5004:Dahomey (1965)
5000:
4997:Algeria (1965)
4993:
4986:
4979:
4976:Dahomey (1963)
4972:
4969:Algeria (1962)
4965:
4962:Senegal (1962)
4958:
4955:Somalia (1961)
4951:
4944:
4937:
4930:
4922:
4920:
4916:
4915:
4907:
4906:
4899:
4892:
4884:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4815:
4814:
4807:
4800:
4792:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4772:
4771:
4763:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4640:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4603:Oil and mining
4600:
4595:
4589:
4583:
4577:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4569:
4567:Prime Minister
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4494:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4474:National parks
4471:
4469:Extreme points
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4445:
4439:
4433:
4432:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4346:Songhai Empire
4342:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4331: articles
4325:
4324:
4317:
4310:
4302:
4294:
4293:
4267:
4241:
4216:
4202:
4176:
4150:
4122:
4111:. 31 July 2023
4094:
4083:. 28 July 2023
4066:
4055:. 29 July 2023
4040:
4029:. 29 July 2023
4011:
3983:
3955:
3927:
3902:
3884:
3854:
3835:
3809:
3798:. 27 July 2023
3783:
3757:
3746:. 30 July 2023
3731:
3705:
3694:. 30 July 2023
3679:
3668:. 30 July 2023
3653:
3627:
3593:
3562:
3532:
3502:
3491:. 27 July 2023
3473:
3443:
3432:. 31 July 2023
3417:
3391:
3366:
3340:
3310:
3284:
3258:
3232:
3211:
3184:
3158:
3133:
3122:. 26 July 2023
3107:
3096:. 28 July 2023
3081:
3070:. 29 July 2023
3055:
3044:. 28 July 2023
3029:
3018:. 27 July 2023
3003:
2977:
2966:. 28 July 2023
2946:
2914:
2882:
2854:
2820:
2792:
2781:. 29 July 2023
2764:
2736:
2725:. 27 July 2023
2708:
2697:. 28 July 2023
2680:
2648:
2628:
2590:
2558:
2523:
2491:
2453:
2422:
2389:
2353:
2342:. 29 July 2023
2320:
2282:
2240:
2210:
2172:
2154:
2125:
2098:
2077:
2046:
2014:
2000:
1966:
1941:
1915:
1872:
1835:
1809:
1798:. 27 July 2023
1783:
1772:. 28 July 2023
1754:
1743:. 28 July 2023
1728:
1717:. 26 July 2023
1702:
1672:
1647:
1633:
1619:
1608:. 27 July 2023
1593:
1582:. 31 July 2023
1565:
1539:
1513:
1502:. 28 July 2023
1487:
1464:
1453:. 28 July 2023
1436:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1376:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1323:oasis, in the
1301:
1298:
1285:(IPOB) led by
1247:Vladimir Putin
1156:European Union
1135:
1132:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1016:Main article:
1013:
1010:
995:
992:
955:
952:
948:Antony Blinken
919:
916:
914:
911:
882:Colonel-Major
875:
872:
860:National Guard
850:
847:
832:Hamadou Souley
820:Mohamed Bazoum
804:Mohamed Bazoum
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
642:Mohamed Bazoum
619:
616:
574:Mohamed Bazoum
560:
559:
556:
552:
551:
547:
546:
544:
543:
531:
518:
505:
492:
478:
476:
474:
473:
471:United Nations
460:
447:
434:
432:European Union
421:
408:
395:
392:
391:
387:
386:
383:
376:
375:
371:
370:
368:
367:
362:
350:
339:
337:
323:
322:
321:Units involved
318:
317:
315:
314:
302:
290:
278:
268:
255:
253:
251:
250:
248:Hamadou Souley
240:
230:
220:
218:Mohamed Bazoum
209:
206:
205:
201:
200:
198:
197:
192:
179:
177:
175:
174:
169:
156:
153:
152:
148:
147:
144:
143:
142:
141:
138:
127:
121:
118:
112:
105:
99:Mohamed Bazoum
95:
92:
89:
86:Military junta
83:
77:
66:
62:
61:
55:
53:
49:
48:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7325:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7288:2023 in Niger
7286:
7285:
7283:
7268:
7257:
7256:
7252:
7247:
7245:
7243:
7239:
7237:
7235:
7231:
7230:
7227:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7188:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7175:Gambia (2022)
7173:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7161:
7158:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7145:
7143:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7130:
7129:Sudan (2021)
7128:
7126:
7123:
7121:
7120:Guinea (2021)
7118:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7092:
7090:
7086:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7044:Turkey (2016)
7042:
7040:
7037:
7035:
7032:
7030:
7027:
7025:
7024:Gambia (2014)
7022:
7020:
7017:
7015:
7012:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6964:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6936:
6934:
6930:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6914:
6913:Guinea (2008)
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6844:
6841:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6831:
6829:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6744:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6717:Zambia (1997)
6715:
6713:
6712:Turkey (1997)
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6698:
6695:
6693:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6680:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6672:Guinea (1996)
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6637:Gambia (1994)
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6607:Russia (1993)
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6565:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6552:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6519:
6517:
6513:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6496:
6495:
6492:
6491:
6488:
6483:
6479:
6472:
6467:
6465:
6460:
6458:
6453:
6452:
6449:
6436:
6431:
6428:
6424:
6419:
6418:
6415:
6408:
6404:
6401:
6397:
6394:
6390:
6387:
6383:
6380:
6376:
6373:
6369:
6366:
6362:
6359:
6355:
6352:
6351:Gambia (2022)
6348:
6345:
6341:
6338:
6334:
6331:
6327:
6324:
6320:
6317:
6313:
6310:
6306:
6303:
6302:Guinea (2021)
6299:
6296:
6292:
6289:
6285:
6282:
6278:
6275:
6271:
6268:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6257:
6250:
6246:
6243:
6239:
6236:
6232:
6229:
6225:
6222:
6218:
6215:
6211:
6208:
6204:
6201:
6197:
6194:
6190:
6187:
6183:
6180:
6176:
6173:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6155:
6152:
6148:
6145:
6141:
6138:
6134:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6120:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6099:
6096:
6092:
6089:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6078:
6071:
6067:
6064:
6060:
6057:
6053:
6050:
6049:Guinea (2008)
6046:
6043:
6039:
6036:
6032:
6029:
6025:
6022:
6018:
6015:
6011:
6008:
6004:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5990:
5987:
5983:
5980:
5976:
5973:
5969:
5966:
5962:
5959:
5955:
5952:
5948:
5945:
5941:
5938:
5934:
5931:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5920:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5902:
5899:
5895:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5881:
5878:
5877:Zambia (1997)
5874:
5871:
5867:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5853:
5850:
5849:Guinea (1996)
5846:
5843:
5839:
5836:
5832:
5829:
5825:
5822:
5818:
5815:
5811:
5808:
5807:Gambia (1994)
5804:
5801:
5797:
5794:
5790:
5787:
5783:
5780:
5776:
5773:
5769:
5766:
5762:
5759:
5755:
5752:
5748:
5745:
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5738:
5734:
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5727:
5724:
5723:Ciskei (1990)
5720:
5717:
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5709:Zambia (1990)
5706:
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5579:Guinea (1985)
5576:
5573:
5569:
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5558:Uganda (1985)
5555:
5552:
5551:Guinea (1984)
5548:
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2011:. 3 May 2022.
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1251:Dmitry Peskov
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1202:Patrice Talon
1200:'s President
1199:
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1172:disbursements
1169:
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1144:African Union
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1077:African Union
1073:
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975:Russian flags
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721:
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32:
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27:
22:
19:
7248:
7240:
7232:
7190:Gabon (2023)
7185:Niger (2023)
7184:
7180:Sudan (2023)
7110:Niger (2021)
7074:Sudan (2019)
7069:Gabon (2019)
7064:Yemen (2018)
7054:Libya (2016)
7014:Libya (2014)
7009:Libya (2013)
7004:Egypt (2013)
6984:Sudan (2012)
6963:Mali (2012)
6949:Niger (2011)
6939:Niger (2010)
6903:Sudan (2008)
6863:Nepal (2005)
6843:Haiti (2004)
6838:Sudan (2004)
6783:Haiti (2001)
6727:Niger (1999)
6697:Qatar (1996)
6692:Niger (1996)
6662:Qatar (1995)
6612:Libya (1993)
6592:Sudan (1992)
6566:Peru (1992)
6542:Haiti (1991)
6434:
6433:no sign for
6372:Gabon (2023)
6365:Niger (2023)
6364:
6358:Sudan (2023)
6281:Niger (2021)
6242:Sudan (2019)
6235:Gabon (2019)
6221:Libya (2016)
6179:Libya (2014)
6158:Egypt (2013)
6137:Sudan (2012)
6102:Niger (2011)
6095:Niger (2010)
6063:Sudan (2008)
6000:Sudan (2004)
5905:Niger (1999)
5863:Niger (1996)
5786:Libya (1993)
5751:Sudan (1992)
5730:Venda (1990)
5695:Sudan (1990)
5677:Sudan (1989)
5642:Benin (1988)
5572:Sudan (1985)
5502:Kenya (1982)
5481:Ghana (1981)
5400:Ghana (1979)
5379:Ghana (1978)
5344:Sudan (1977)
5330:Benin (1977)
5323:Sudan (1976)
5281:Libya (1975)
5274:Sudan (1975)
5253:Niger (1974)
5211:Ghana (1972)
5197:Sudan (1971)
5137:Sudan (1969)
5088:Ghana (1967)
5046:Ghana (1966)
4990:Gabon (1964)
4911:Coups d'état
4869:
4865:2021 attempt
4860:2011 attempt
4724:Prostitution
4664:Demographics
4654:Coat of arms
4525:Human rights
4510:Constitution
4410:
4351:Bornu Empire
4284:. Retrieved
4279:
4270:
4258:. Retrieved
4254:
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4228:
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3384:24 September
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2867:
2857:
2845:. Retrieved
2834:The Guardian
2833:
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1991:. Retrieved
1982:
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7115:Mali (2021)
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