1322:
973:
Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of
Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results".
1461:
1396:
1746:
1726:
346:
1454:
1235:
653:
1422:
1117:
Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015).
1389:
793:
1736:
699:
102:
617:
1343:
1447:
1020:"Photographic photometry of asteroids with Schmidt telescopes. III – Observations of 11 asteroids during 1977 and 1978"
820:
636:
assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and derives a diameter of 11.30 kilometers based on an absolute
1578:
910:
Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014).
1382:
849:
Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012).
32:
1119:"Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 – Preliminary results"
323:
1510:
488:
248:
851:"Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids"
1731:
1669:
1741:
1201:
1118:
1064:
1019:
911:
850:
1495:
1176:
1405:
49:
1659:
1649:
777:
695:
541:, approximately 11 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 16 October 1941, by Finnish astronomer
1654:
1304:
1280:
1272:
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746:
44:
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70:
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1558:
1470:
1316:
457:
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353:
286:
277:
237:
224:
1351:
1595:
712:
703:
463:
1500:
637:
335:
206:
1335:
1327:
1568:
1367:
1140:
1076:
1031:
992:
933:
872:
649:
577:
259:
1311:
8:
707:
629:
581:
312:
1245:
1144:
1080:
1035:
996:
937:
876:
1359:
1321:
1228:
1130:
982:
923:
862:
601:
160:
1232:
945:
691:
550:
86:
1553:
1505:
1092:
1088:
1004:
884:
789:
674:
573:
546:
230:
194:
1679:
1148:
1084:
1000:
941:
880:
785:
781:
418:
186:
1600:
1543:
1528:
1239:
1152:
742:
669:
605:
565:
479:
468:
214:
1251:
1615:
1583:
1548:
665:
628:
measures between 9.86 and 12.14 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an
585:
293:
270:
1720:
1639:
1538:
1533:
1096:
538:
1439:
1705:
1478:
1428:
1416:
687:
569:
542:
176:
37:
1374:
1695:
1644:
1605:
301:
1664:
1610:
657:
198:
1700:
1590:
166:
91:
678:), superseding a previous result based on a fragmentary lightcurve.
1520:
1135:
589:
534:
987:
928:
867:
621:
549:
in
Southwest Finland. It was later named after Finnish geodesist
576:
once every 3 years and 11 months (1,429 days). Its orbit has an
1116:
912:"Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos"
1631:
672:
of 4.06 hours with a brightness variation of 0.32 magnitude (
743:"JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2159 Kukkamaki (1941 UX)"
402:
1258:
909:
848:
972:
1194:
1018:
Lagerkvist, C.-I.; Sjolander, N.-G. (December 1978).
706:. The official naming citation was published by the
668:. The photoelectric observation gave a well-defined
1017:
774:
Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2159) Kukkamäki
608:by 12 prior to its official discovery observation.
1718:
1171:
1169:
1011:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
905:
903:
901:
844:
842:
840:
838:
772:Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2159) Kukkamäki".
616:According to the survey carried out by NASA's
1469:
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1166:
1062:
1404:
1049:
898:
835:
556:
1462:
1448:
1397:
1383:
1320:
767:
765:
763:
702:. He was also a distinguished disciple of
1252:Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR
1134:
1110:
1065:"A photoelectric survey of 130 asteroids"
986:
927:
866:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
694:(1909–1997), who was the director of the
771:
698:for many years and the president of the
572:main-belt at a distance of 2.4–2.6
1747:Astronomical objects discovered in 1941
1727:Minor planet object articles (numbered)
1254:– Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
760:
648:During an asteroid survey conducted at
1719:
968:
966:
964:
962:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
805:
726:
634:Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link
611:
1443:
1378:
823:. Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
324:Longitude of ascending node
700:International Association of Geodesy
1229:Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
959:
802:
632:between 0.193 and 0.337, while the
618:Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
13:
690:was named after Finnish geodesist
14:
1758:
1222:
855:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
1268:AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
1246:Dictionary of Minor Planet Names
821:"LCDB Data for (2159) Kukkamäki"
1063:Binzel, R. P. (October 1987).
786:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2160
604:in 1929, extending the body's
1:
720:
643:
537:from the inner region of the
1153:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007
1089:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90125-4
7:
1737:Discoveries by Liisi Oterma
946:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121
664:was obtained by astronomer
656:in the 1980s, a rotational
568:. It orbits the Sun in the
336:Argument of perihelion
10:
1763:
1177:"2159 Kukkamaki (1941 UX)"
1005:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90
885:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8
778:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
696:Finnish Geodetic Institute
529:, provisional designation
161:Minor planet category
1688:
1630:
1567:
1519:
1486:
1477:
1471:Small Solar System bodies
1412:
975:The Astrophysical Journal
916:The Astrophysical Journal
747:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
681:
520:
486:
455:
416:
391:
352:
345:
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321:
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299:
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271:Orbital period (sidereal)
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193:
185:
158:
100:
80:
68:
63:
55:
43:
31:
26:
1238:16 December 2017 at the
745:(2017-05-05 last obs.).
596:was first identified as
557:Orbit and classification
489:Absolute magnitude
347:Physical characteristics
103:Alternative designations
1406:Minor planets navigator
1317:JPL Small-Body Database
394:Synodic rotation period
187:Orbital characteristics
1596:Trans-Neptunian object
1281:Observation prediction
219:87.58 yr (31,989 days)
1260:– Minor Planet Center
1202:"MPC/MPO/MPS Archive"
207:Uncertainty parameter
1732:Background asteroids
1569:Distant minor planet
710:on 1 November 1979 (
650:McDonald Observatory
620:with its subsequent
588:with respect to the
71:MPC designation
1742:Named minor planets
1368:Physical parameters
1206:Minor Planet Center
1181:Minor Planet Center
1145:2015Icar..261...34V
1081:1987Icar...72..135B
1036:1979AcA....29..455L
997:2011ApJ...741...90M
938:2014ApJ...791..121M
877:2012ApJ...759L...8M
708:Minor Planet Center
612:Diameter and albedo
56:Discovery date
45:Discovery site
23:
1305:Observational info
602:Lowell Observatory
197:4 September 2017 (
33:Discovered by
21:
1714:
1713:
1626:
1625:
1511:Meanings of names
1437:
1436:
795:978-3-540-00238-3
547:Turku Observatory
524:
523:
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1484:
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1464:
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1360:Orbital elements
1324:
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1024:Acta Astronomica
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532:
512: 12.07
508: 11.83
503:
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473:
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430:
428:
419:Geometric albedo
411:
407:
401:
386:
384:
378:
376:
370:
364:
362:
307:0° 15 6.84 / day
180:
149:
137:
119:
95:
76:(2159) Kukkamaki
27:Discovery
24:
20:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1755:
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1297:Proper elements
1240:Wayback Machine
1225:
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796:
780:. p. 175.
770:
761:
751:
749:
741:
740:
727:
723:
711:
692:Tauno Kukkamäki
684:
673:
670:rotation period
646:
614:
606:observation arc
597:
580:of 0.04 and an
566:S-type asteroid
559:
551:Tauno Kukkamäki
530:
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249:Semi-major axis
215:Observation arc
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87:Tauno Kukkamäki
83:
73:
59:16 October 1941
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1711:
1709:
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1703:
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1685:
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1672:
1670:Near-parabolic
1667:
1662:
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1647:
1642:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1616:Scattered disc
1613:
1608:
1603:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1584:Neptune trojan
1581:
1573:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1559:Spectral types
1556:
1551:
1549:Jupiter trojan
1546:
1541:
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1525:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
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1467:
1466:
1459:
1452:
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1435:
1434:
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1431:
1426:
1423:2159 Kukkamäki
1419:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1402:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1328:Close approach
1312:2159 Kukkamäki
1309:
1308:
1307:
1264:2159 Kukkamäki
1261:
1255:
1249:
1248:, Google books
1243:
1231:, query form (
1224:
1223:External links
1221:
1219:
1218:
1193:
1165:
1109:
1075:(1): 135–208.
1048:
1030:(3): 455–461.
1010:
958:
897:
834:
801:
794:
759:
724:
722:
719:
683:
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666:Richard Binzel
645:
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558:
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527:2159 Kukkamäki
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367:11.30 km
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22:2159 Kukkamaki
16:Stony asteroid
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1539:Asteroid belt
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1534:Aten asteroid
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1479:Minor planets
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1417:2158 Tietjen
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539:asteroid belt
536:
533:, is a stony
528:
519:
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458:Spectral type
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108:1941 UX
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1706:Space debris
1429:2160 Spitzer
1421:
1363:
1355:
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1315:
1300:
1292:
1289:Orbital info
1284:
1276:
1267:
1209:. Retrieved
1205:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1180:
1156:. Retrieved
1126:
1122:
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1072:
1068:
1039:. Retrieved
1027:
1023:
1013:
978:
974:
949:. Retrieved
919:
915:
888:. Retrieved
858:
854:
825:. Retrieved
773:
750:. Retrieved
704:Yrjö Väisälä
688:minor planet
685:
661:
647:
633:
625:
615:
593:
578:eccentricity
561:
560:
543:Liisi Oterma
526:
525:
513:
509:
505:
490:
475:
287:Mean anomaly
280:(1,429 days)
260:Eccentricity
170:
154: 1978 EB
151:
142: 1970 EB
139:
130: 1949 WM
127:
124: 1935 EL
121:
112: 1929 TL
109:
64:Designations
18:
1696:Cosmic dust
1660:Long-period
1650:Halley-type
1606:Kuiper belt
1491:Designation
1211:13 December
1186:13 December
1158:13 December
1102:13 December
1041:13 December
951:13 December
890:13 December
827:13 December
582:inclination
564:is a stony
313:Inclination
302:Mean motion
82:Named after
1721:Categories
1701:Meteoroids
1680:Sungrazing
1655:Hyperbolic
1611:Oort cloud
1554:Near-Earth
1136:1506.00762
721:References
658:lightcurve
644:Lightcurve
406:(outdated)
354:Dimensions
238:Perihelion
201:2458000.5)
50:Turku Obs.
1591:Damocloid
1344:Ephemeris
1336:Discovery
1273:Ephemeris
1129:: 34–47.
1097:0019-1035
988:1109.6407
981:(2): 25.
929:1406.6645
922:(2): 11.
868:1209.5794
662:Kukkamäki
640:of 12.1.
638:magnitude
626:Kukkamäki
624:mission,
594:Kukkamäki
562:Kukkamäki
516: 12.1
472:(assumed)
442:(assumed)
369:(derived)
254:2.4827 AU
242:2.3847 AU
167:main-belt
92:geodesist
38:L. Oterma
1675:Periodic
1601:Detached
1521:Asteroid
1236:Archived
861:(1): 5.
590:ecliptic
535:asteroid
225:Aphelion
1640:Extinct
1579:Centaur
1314:at the
1141:Bibcode
1077:Bibcode
1032:Bibcode
993:Bibcode
934:Bibcode
873:Bibcode
752:12 June
622:NEOWISE
598:1929 TL
531:1941 UX
482:
466:= 0.870
341:122.78°
329:351.15°
317:3.2676°
229:2.5808
189:
181:
145:1974 CD
133:1951 GG
115:1933 UU
96:
1632:Comets
1544:Family
1529:Active
1496:Groups
1364:·
1362:
1356:·
1354:
1348:·
1346:
1340:·
1338:
1332:·
1330:
1301:·
1299:
1293:·
1291:
1285:·
1283:
1277:·
1275:
1123:Icarus
1095:
1069:Icarus
792:
713:M.P.C.
682:Naming
630:albedo
514:·
510:·
506:·
504:
476:·
474:
429:0.0290
425:0.1743
381:12.143
373:11.494
292:75.776
264:0.0395
171:·
169:
152:·
150:
140:·
138:
128:·
122:·
120:
110:·
1689:Other
1645:Great
1366:
1358:
1350:
1342:
1334:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1131:arXiv
983:arXiv
924:arXiv
863:arXiv
686:This
570:inner
498:11.77
478:
450:0.253
446:0.337
440:0.20
437:0.025
433:0.193
385:0.176
377:0.121
276:3.91
195:Epoch
177:inner
173:
1665:Lost
1506:Moon
1501:List
1233:info
1213:2016
1188:2016
1160:2016
1104:2016
1093:ISSN
1043:2016
953:2016
892:2016
829:2016
790:ISBN
754:2017
715:5014
654:CTIO
652:and
584:of 3
502:0.11
410:4.06
363:1.04
359:9.86
1266:at
1149:doi
1127:261
1085:doi
1001:doi
979:741
942:doi
920:791
881:doi
859:759
782:doi
717:).
675:U=3
660:of
600:at
545:at
491:(H)
464:B–V
400:3.4
1723::
1204:.
1179:.
1168:^
1147:.
1139:.
1125:.
1121:.
1091:.
1083:.
1073:72
1071:.
1067:.
1051:^
1028:29
1026:.
1022:.
999:.
991:.
977:.
961:^
940:.
932:.
918:.
914:.
900:^
879:.
871:.
857:.
853:.
837:^
804:^
788:.
776:.
762:^
728:^
592:.
574:AU
553:.
387:km
365:km
278:yr
231:AU
199:JD
1463:e
1456:t
1449:v
1398:e
1391:t
1384:v
1242:)
1215:.
1190:.
1162:.
1151::
1143::
1133::
1106:.
1087::
1079::
1045:.
1034::
1007:.
1003::
995::
985::
955:.
944::
936::
926::
894:.
883::
875::
865::
831:.
798:.
784::
756:.
586:°
500:±
480:S
469:S
448:±
435:±
427:±
412:h
403:h
383:±
375:±
361:±
294:°
209:0
179:)
175:(
147:1
135:1
117:1
94:)
90:(
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