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two men of the regiment with a horsewhip. Flogging had been outlawed as a punishment in the US Army two years earlier, and Black troops in particular resented any type of corporal punishment that reminded them of slavery. The regiment's colonel, Charles W. Drew, managed to calm the troops and assure
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regiments had "negro company officers, whom I am replacing, as vacancies occur, by white ones, being entirely satisfied that the appointment of colored officers is detrimental to the service." and that "The officers of the Fourth
Regiment will be white men." Prejudices such as those held by Banks
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to Black men in Union-held parts of
Louisiana to fill the ranks of these regiments. The men in the Corps D'Afrique were recruited (both willingly and through conscription) from New Orleans and local plantations. Many only spoke French and the Army had to appoint instructors to teach the recruits
314:. The 76th took part in the final breakthrough of the fort's defenses on April 9. The capture of Fort Blakely effectively eliminated any remaining Confederate force along the Gulf Coast. Unbeknownst to the men fighting in Alabama, on the same day that they attacked the fort Confederate General
567:
Official Army
Register of the Volunteer Force of the United States Army for the Years 1861, '62, '63, '64, '65: Part VIII Territories of Washington, New Mexico, Nebraska, Colorado, Dakota, Veteran Reserve Corps, U.S. Veteran Volunteers (First Army Corps) U.S Volunteers, U.S. Colored
302:. Mobile was one of the last large Southern cities still held by Confederate forces in the spring of 1865. Starting on April 2, Union forces laid siege to the Confederate-held Fort Blakely on the north side of Mobile bay. On April 9, Union troops including the 76th Regiment
285:
falls, the fortifications of that place, as well as of
Vicksburg, should be so arranged as to be held by the smallest possible garrisons, thus leaving the mass of troops for operations in the field. I suggest that colored troops be used as far as possible in the garrisons."
262:, to the prejudice of good order and military discipline." 13 men of the regiment were court-martialed for mutiny, with 9 found guilty. 2 men were sentenced to be executed but their punishments were later commuted to imprisonment.
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prevented Black soldiers from being commissioned as officers in the US Army until after the Civil War, all of the officers of the 4th Native Guard were white veterans from other Union regiments.
169:, and free Black men had served in the Louisiana militia since the French colonial period. When the Native Guard regiments were first organized, some of the officers were Black men, but General
245:, was appointed as the regiment's lieutenant colonel. Benedict gained a reputation for brutally punishing troops in his regiment accused of offenses, and in December 1863 at Fort Jackson a
173:, Butler's successor as commander of Union forces in New Orleans, sought to remove them from their positions. He wrote in February as the 4th Regiment was being organized that the
277:, in July 1863, shortly after the capture of Vicksburg, expressing his opinion that the regiments of freshly-recruited Black troops would be suitable for this assignment: “The
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as the 4th
Regiment Louisiana Native Guard Infantry. The first 3 Native Guard Union regiments of Black troops had been formed in late 1862 after Union forces under General
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225:, to be made up of 18 regiments of Black soldiers. The 4th Native Guard was redesignated as the 4th Corps D'Afrique Infantry Regiment on June 6. Banks extended
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On April 4, 1864, the 4th Corps D'Afrique was redesignated at the 76th US Colored
Infantry Regiment. During the final stages of the war, the 76th was sent to
149:. The Regiment took part in battles at Port Hudson, Louisiana, and Fort Blakely, Alabama before being mustered out of service in December, 1865.
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In
February 1864, the 4th Corps D'Afrique regiment was sent to garrison Port Hudson. At this stage of the war, Black units were assigned to
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duties to hold strategic points along the
Mississippi River and free up veteran Union regiments for service elsewhere. General
318:'s troops in Virginia had surrendered a few hours earlier: the fighting at Fort Blakely was the last major battle of the war.
382:
434:
540:
The War of the
Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Vol. 49 Serial 103
174:
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The War of the
Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Vol. 24 Serial 38
476:
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Vol. 26 Serial 41
405:
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Vol. 3 Serial 124
325:. In June the regiment returned to New Orleans, then travelled to Texas where it was assigned to guard duty along the
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306:, leading to a Confederate surrender. Col. Drew of the 76th commanded a brigade that included his regiment, the
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beginning in May 1863, as Union forces sought to dislodge the Confederates from their strongpoints along the
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Following the siege of Port Hudson, the 4th Regiment returned to New Orleans for garrison duty at
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201:. The Confederates at Port Hudson surrendered on July 9, this victory along with the capture of
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The 4th Native Guard was initially assigned to guard the defenses of New Orleans and
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a few days earlier, secured control of the entire Mississippi river for the Union.
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2 officers killed, 3 officers wounded, 11 enlisted men killed, 75 wounded at the
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Combat casualties of the 4th Louisiana Native Guard/76th US Colored Infantry:
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At the end of the war the 76th was assigned to occupation duty at Mobile and
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Commanders of the 4th Louisiana Native Guard/76th US Colored Infantry:
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329:. The regiment was mustered out of service on December 31, 1865.
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Lt. Col. Augustus W. Benedict, dismissed from the service, 1863.
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should be the base of future operations east and west. When
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them that their grievances would be addressed. Benedict was
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captured the city. New Orleans had a sizeable population of
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On May 1, 1863, General Banks ordered the creation of the
526:. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. p. 497.
543:. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. p. 299
509:. Center of Military History, US Army. pp. 113–115.
479:. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. p. 458
571:. US Army Adjutant General's Office. 1867. p. 252.
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Freedom by the Sword: The U.S. Colored Troops 1862-1867
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Freedom by the Sword: The U.S. Colored Troops 1862-1867
408:. Washington DC: Government Printing Office. p. 46
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Units and formations of the Union Army from Louisiana
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141:. The 4th Native Guard was later redesignated as the
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Military units and formations disestablished in 1865
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broke out among the 4th Native Guard after Benedict
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Troops of the Louisiana Native Guard at Port Hudson.
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The regiment was organized on February 10, 1863, at
462:. Center of Military History, US Army. p. 110.
650:Military units and formations established in 1863
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435:"76th Regiment, United States Colored Infantry"
258:and dismissed from the service for "inflicting
131:4th Louisiana Native Guard Infantry Regiment
18:4th Louisiana Regiment Native Guard Infantry
359:Lt. Col. Alfred C. Hills, resigned 1863.
241:. Augustus W. Benedict, formerly of the
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193:. The Regiment then took part in the
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260:cruel and unusual punishment
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312:68th Colored Infantry
308:48th Colored Infantry
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350:Col. Charles W. Drew
195:siege of Port Hudson
167:free people of color
112:Siege of Port Hudson
323:Montgomery, Alabama
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283:Port Hudson
279:Mississippi
191:Baton Rouge
159:New Orleans
137:during the
629:Categories
389:References
342:Commanders
327:Rio Grande
310:, and the
135:Union Army
53:Allegiance
607:Louisiana
273:wrote to
230:English.
153:Formation
367:See also
267:garrison
96:Regiment
86:Infantry
581:Portals
547:28 July
483:27 July
441:27 July
412:27 July
251:flogged
102:Battles
43:Country
568:Troops
247:mutiny
181:, and
71:Branch
62:
35:Active
549:2024
485:2024
443:2024
414:2024
237:and
129:The
92:Size
82:Type
179:2nd
175:1st
65:USA
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338:.
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20:)
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