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representatives from among their members to serve on one of the city's nine district councils. The number of neighborhood representatives on a district council is based upon the neighborhood's population. The next step was to have each of the nine district councils elect representatives from their membership to serve on the 37 member
Baghdad City Council. This three tier system of local government connected the people of Baghdad to the central government through their representatives from the neighborhood, through the district, and up to the city council. The same process was used to provide representative councils for the other communities in Baghdad Province outside of the city itself. There, local councils were elected from 20 neighborhoods (
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more than 148 kilometres, 64 metro stations, four workshops and depots for trains, several operations control centers (OCC) and seven main power stations (MPS) with a capacity of 250 mega-watts, and several Global System for Mobile
Communication (GSM) towers. The metro will be equipped with CCTV and internet as well as USB ports for charging. Special compartments will be allocated for women and children as well as seats for people with special needs, pregnant women, and the elderly. The metro stations will be connected to other public transport networks such as buses and taxis, and 10 parking spaces will be available for commuters. The planned operating speed will be 80–140 km/hour with an estimated 3.25 million riders per day.
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the representatives to the
Provincial Council were elected by their peers from the lower councils in numbers proportional to the population of the districts they represent. The 41 member Provincial Council took office in February 2004 and served until national elections held in January 2005, when a new Provincial Council was elected. This system of 127 separate councils may seem overly cumbersome; however, Baghdad Province is home to approximately seven million people. At the lowest level, the neighborhood councils, each council represents an average of 75,000 people. The nine District Advisory Councils (DAC) are as follows:
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1099:. Mansur believed that Baghdad was the perfect city to be the capital of the Islamic Empire under the Abbasids. The Muslim historian al-Tabari reported an ancient prediction by Christian monks that a lord named Miklas would one day build a spectacular city around the area of Baghdad. When al-Mansur heard the story, he became very joyful, for legend has it, he was called Miklas as a child. Mansur loved the site so much he is quoted saying: "This is indeed the city that I am to found, where I am to live, and where my descendants will reign afterward".
2300:), featuring extremely hot, prolonged, dry summers and mild to cool, slightly wet, short winters. In the summer, from June through August, the average maximum temperature is as high as 44 °C (111 °F) and accompanied by sunshine. Rainfall has been recorded on fewer than half a dozen occasions at this time of year and has never exceeded 1 mm (0.04 in). Even at night, temperatures in summer are seldom below 24 °C (75 °F). Baghdad's record highest temperature of 51.8 °C (125.2 °F) was reached on 28 July 2020. The
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1125:) and Askar al-Mahdi (on the West Bank). Al-Mansur also planned out al-Karkh district so that he could separate the markets from the Round City in order to keep the turbulent populace away from the Round City to ensure that the gates would not be open at night for markets. Over time, the markets became diverse and a home to merchants and craftsmen. Officials with the title of “Muhtasib” were hired to look after markets to prevent cheating and check the weighs and measures of stocks.
223:
3035:. Municipally, the governorate is divided into 9 municipalities, which have responsibility for local issues. Regional services, however, are coordinated and carried out by a mayor who oversees the municipalities. The governorate council is responsible for the governorate-wide policy. These official subdivisions of the city served as administrative centers for the delivery of municipal services but until 2003 had no political function. Beginning in April 2003, the U.S. controlled
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economic centers. Under the leadership of King Faisal II, Baghdad was introduced by a bulk of projects. These projects were stopped, after the change in regime. Being capital of Iraq, Baghdad is home to government institutions and state enterprises. The city serves as headquarters to several Iraqi banks and regional base for multinational company. Since the end of the war, Baghdad has hosted several business summit, industrial exhibitions and trade fairs.
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3039:(CPA) began the process of creating new functions for these. The process initially focused on the election of neighborhood councils in the official neighborhoods, elected by neighborhood caucuses. The CPA convened a series of meetings in each neighborhood to explain local government, to describe the caucus election process and to encourage participants to spread the word and bring friends, relatives and neighbors to subsequent meetings.
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Greek scientific literature, the
Abbasids were the first to foster Greek learning on a large scale. Many of these libraries were private collections intended only for the use of the owners and their immediate friends, but the libraries of the caliphs and other officials soon took on a public or a semi-public character. Four great libraries were established in Baghdad during this period. The earliest was that of the famous
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3978:, known as "Dora Refinery". it is the third largest refinery in Iraq in terms of production. Subsequently, the city have produced a wide variety of consumer and industrial goods, including processed foods and beverages, tobacco, textiles, clothes, leather goods, wood products, furniture, paper and printed material, bricks and cement, chemicals, plastics, electrical equipment, and metal and nonmetallic products.
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1352:, a waterside building, in which only the caliph could come riding on horseback. In addition, the palace was near other mansions and officer's residences. Near the Gate of Syria, a building served as the home for the guards. It was made of brick and marble. The palace governor lived in the latter part of the building and the commander of the guards in the front. In 813, after the death of caliph
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1121:, and it had an abundance of water in a dry climate. Water exists on both the north and south ends of the city, allowing all households to have a plentiful supply, which was quite uncommon during this time. The city of Baghdad quickly became so large that it had to be divided into three judicial districts: Madinat al-Mansur (the Round City), al-Sharqiyya (
1182:. It took four years to build (764–768). Mansur assembled engineers, surveyors, and art constructionists from around the world to come together and draw up plans for the city. Over 100,000 construction workers came to survey the plans; many were distributed salaries to start the building of the city. July was chosen as the starting time because two
3584:. At the beginning of the 21st century, some 1.5 million people migrated to Baghdad. Sunni Muslims make up 29–34% of Iraq's population and they are still a majority in west and north Iraq. As early as 2003, about 20 percent of the population of the city was the result of mixed marriages between Shi'ites and Sunnis. Following the
4507:, Abbasid-era palace and bridges, Ottoman-era mosques to the Mustansariyah Madrasa. The square developed during the Ottoman era as a military barracks. Today, it is a place where the citizens of Baghdad find leisure such as reading poetry in gazebos. It is characterized by the iconic clock tower which was donated by
1252:
residential and commercial structures along the inside of the city walls, but the final construction added another ring inside the first. Within the city there were many parks, gardens, villas, and promenades. There was a large sanitation department, many fountains and public baths, and unlike contemporary
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As within the city, the district councils then elected representatives from among their members to serve on the 35 member
Baghdad Regional Council. The first step in the establishment of the system of local government for Baghdad Province was the election of the Baghdad Provincial Council. As before,
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Annual rainfall, almost entirely confined to the period from
November through March, averages approximately 150 mm (5.91 in), but has been as high as 338 mm (13.31 in) and as low as 37 mm (1.46 in). On 11 January 2008, light snow fell across Baghdad for the first time in
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Among the notable features of
Baghdad during this period were its exceptional libraries. Many of the Abbasid caliphs were patrons of learning and enjoyed collecting both ancient and contemporary literature. Although some of the princes of the previous Umayyad dynasty had begun to gather and translate
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is a public open space in
Baghdad and the location of two of the best-known hotels, the Palestine Hotel and the Sheraton Ishtar, which are both also the tallest buildings in Baghdad. The square was the site of the statue of Saddam Hussein that was pulled down by U.S.-led coalition forces in a widely
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Baghdad was a hectic city during the day and had many attractions at night. There were cabarets and taverns, halls for backgammon and chess, live plays, concerts, and acrobats. On street corners, storytellers engaged crowds with tales such as those later told in
Arabian Nights. Storytelling became a
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have also been made. A plan was proposed by a
Government agency to rebuild a tourist island in 2008. Investors were sought to develop a "romantic island" on the River Tigris that was once a popular honeymoon spot for newlyweds. The project would include a six-star hotel, spa, an 18-hole golf course
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in 991 or 993 for the literary men and scholars who frequented his academy. This second library was plundered and burned by the Seljuks only seventy years after it was established. This was a good example of the sort of library built up out of the needs and interests of a literary society. The last
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pointed in the directions of these destinations. The distance between these gates was a little less than 2.4 km (1.5 mi). Each gate had double doors that were made of iron; the doors were so heavy it took several men to open and close them. The wall itself was about 44 m thick at the
4471:. However, now it is generally considered by Iraqis to be for all of the martyrs of Iraq, especially those allied with Iran and Syria fighting ISIS, not just of the Iran–Iraq War. The monument was opened in 1983, and was designed by the Iraqi architect Saman Kamal and the Iraqi sculptor and artist
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Baghdad is the financial and commercial center of Iraq. It accounts for 22.2% of Iraq's population and 40% of the country's gross domestic product (PPP). Most of the economic contribution of Iraq geographically is from Baghdad. During the Abbasid-era, the city emerged as one of the world's leading
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As of February 2024, the current plan consist of fully electric and automated (driverless) trains running on an extensive railway network consisting of an underground railway portion as well as an elevated railway. The proposed Baghdad Metro system includes seven main lines with a total length of
4384:("Freedom Radio") broadcast news and entertainment within Baghdad, among other locations. There is also a private radio station called "Dijlah" (named after the Arabic word for the Tigris River) that was created in 2004 as Iraq's first independent talk radio station. Radio Dijlah offices, in the
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which is well established for bookselling and has often been referred to as the heart and soul of the Baghdad literary and intellectual community. The annual International Book Fair in Baghdad is well known to the international publishing world as a promising publishing event in the region after
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system were also destroyed. During this time, in Baghdad, Christians and Shia were tolerated, while Sunnis were treated as enemies. The sack of Baghdad put an end to the Abbasid Caliphate. It has been argued that this marked an end to the Islamic Golden Age and served a blow from which Islamic
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The basic framework of the city consists of two large semicircles about 19 km (12 mi) in diameter. The inner city connecting them was designed as a circle about 2 km (1.2 mi) in diameter, leading it to be known as the "Round City". The original design shows a single ring of
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for the design stages of the new building. The construction was postponed in 2015 due to economical problems, but started again in 2019. Since the end of the war, Baghdad has experienced improvement in the private sector, with launch of modern trends such as startups and incubation centers.
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Each neighborhood process ultimately ended with a final meeting where candidates for the new neighborhood councils identified themselves and asked their neighbors to vote for them. Once all 88 (later increased to 89) neighborhood councils were in place, each neighborhood council elected
1492:, and people from other ethnic and religious groups native to the region. These are considered among the fundamental elements that contributed to the flourishing of scholarship in the Medieval Islamic world. Baghdad was also a significant center of Islamic religious learning, with
4074:
The Baghdad Metro project was first proposed during the 1970s but did not come into fruition due to wars and sanctions. After the Iraq war, Iraqi authorities intended to revive the project, but it was again delayed due to domestic instability. In 2019, it was reported that Korean
2182:, which marked overthrew of his regime. Also in 2003, a minor riot in the city, which took place on 21 July caused some disturbance in the population. Remaining Jews of the city also fled during the war. The historic Jewish neighborhoods of Al–Turat Al–Bataween lost its glory.
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whose collection of artifacts was looted during the 2003 US invasion, and the iconic Hands of Victory arches. Multiple Iraqi parties are in discussions as to whether the arches should remain as historical monuments or be dismantled. Thousands of ancient manuscripts in the
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is one of the most significant landmarks in Baghdad. Located in al-Rusafa area, the street was an artistic, intellectual and cultural center for many Baghdadis. It also included many prominent theaters and nightclubs such as the Crescent Theatre where Egyptian Singer
812:. It is one of the well-known cultural centers in the Arab and Islamic world. Ethnically, Baghdad is a diverse city, with Arabic-speaking Muslims as a majority, while Assyrians and Armenians Christians, Mandaeans and Jews are minority, making the city cosmopolitan.
2106:, members of the royal family, and others were brutally killed during the coup. Many of the victim's bodies were then dragged through the streets of Baghdad. During the 1970s, Baghdad experienced a period of prosperity and growth because of a sharp increase in the
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was the counter of the bricks and he developed a canal, which brought water to the work site for both human consumption and the manufacture of the bricks. Marble was also used to make buildings throughout the city, and marble steps led down to the river's edge.
1102:
820:
The name Baghdad is pre-Islamic, and its origin is disputed. The site where the city of Baghdad developed has been populated for millennia. Archaeological evidence shows that the site of Baghdad was occupied by various peoples long before the Arab conquest of
3708:, the remaining tiny Jewish community were granted protection. Prior to the 2003 invasion by the United States, the Jews numbered around 450. After the end of the Iraq War, fear increased among the Jews. Today, around 100 Jews live in Baghdad, primarily in
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is a government funded symphony orchestra in Baghdad. The INSO plays primarily classical European music, as well as original compositions based on Iraqi and Arab instruments and music. Baghdad is also home to a number of museums which housed
2319:. From December through February, Baghdad has maximum temperatures averaging 16 to 19 °C (61 to 66 °F), though highs above 21 °C (70 °F) are not unheard of. Lows below freezing occur a couple of times per year on average.
1260:. These baths increased public hygiene and served as a way for the religious to perform ablutions as prescribed by Islam. Moreover, entry fees were usually so low that almost everyone could afford them. In the center of the city lay the
4435:. Within eight days following the 2003 invasion, however, only 35 of the 650 animals in the facility survived. This was a result of theft of some animals for human food, and starvation of caged animals that had no food. Conservationist
1838:
In 1401, Baghdad was again sacked, by Timur. When his forces took Baghdad, he spared almost no one, and ordered that each of his soldiers bring back two severed human heads. Baghdad became a provincial capital controlled by the Mongol
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is located near the old quarter of Baghdad; at Al-Rasheed Street. It is the historic center of Baghdadi book-selling, a street filled with bookstores and outdoor book stalls. It was named after the 10th-century classical Iraqi poet
1347:
The Golden Gate Palace, the residence of the caliph and his family, was in the heart of Baghdad, in the central square. In the central part of the building, there was a green dome that was 39m high. Surrounding the palace was an
1276:, built 500 years before Baghdad, is nearly identical in its general circular design, radiating avenues, and the government buildings and temples at the center of the city. This style of urban planning contrasted with Ancient
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or the "House of Wisdom" was among the most well known academies, and had the largest selection of books in the world by the middle of the 9th century. Notable scholars based in Baghdad during this time include translator
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including modern sewerage, water, and highway facilities were built during this period. The masterplans of the city (1967, 1973) were delivered by the Polish planning office Miastoprojekt-Kraków, mediated by Polservice.
699:. It has a population variously estimated at 6 or over 7 million. Compared to its large population, the city has a small area at just 673 square kilometers (260 sq mi). Baghdad is popular for being a center in the
1738:(sermon) was delivered in the name of the Fatimid Imam-Caliph. Despite his Shi'i inclinations, Al-Basasiri received support from Sunnis and Shi'is alike, for whom opposition to the Saljuq power was a common factor.
10213:
Mina Marefat, Caecilia Pieri, Gilles Ragot, Le Corbusier's Gymnasium in Bagdad, 2014, Éditions du patrimoine, collection Regards (French and English versions), Presses de l'Ifpo (Arabic version) (ISBN 2757703013).
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The population of Hira comprised its townspeople, the 'Ibad "devotees", who were Nestorian Christians using Syriac as their liturgical and cultural language, though Arabic was probably the language of daily
2039:
During this period, the substantial Jewish community (probably exceeding 100,000 people) comprised between a quarter and a third of the city's population. On 1 April 1941, members of the "Golden Square" and
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Baghdad's population was estimated at 7.22 million in 2015. The surrounding metropolian region's population is estimated to be 10,500,000. It is second largest city in the Arab world, after Cairo and
8231:
2079:, Israel was behind bombing of Jewish targets in Baghdad. However, by the 1970s, Jewish community was granted protection. The city's population grew from an estimated 145,000 in 1900 to 580,000 in 1950.
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the site located between present-day Al-Kāẓimiyyah and Al-Karkh and occupied by a Persian village called Baghdad, was selected by al-Manṣūr, the second caliph of the Abbāsid dynasty, for his capital.
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in Baghdad. The airport was opened in 1982 by Saddam Hussein as Saddam International Airport. It was renamed when it came under control of the coalition forces during the country's invasion in 2003.
1264:, as well as headquarters for guards. The purpose or use of the remaining space in the center is unknown. The circular design of the city was a direct reflection of the traditional Persian Sasanian
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efforts have been devoted to the restoration and repair of badly damaged urban infrastructure. More visible efforts at reconstruction through private development, like architect and urban designer
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is the main square where public celebrations are held and is also the home to three important monuments commemorating Iraqi's fallen soldiers and victories in war; namely Al-Shaheed Monument, the
4005:, proposed in August 2008, was installed at the Al-Zawraa Park in March 2011. In May 2010, a new large scale residential and commercial project called Baghdad Gate was announced. In August 2010,
3875:, but in recent years Baghdad has become a main tourist destination although it is still facing challenges. There are numerous historic, scientific and artistic museums in Baghdad which include,
2075:, over 180 Jews were killed, 1,000 injured and hundreds of Jewish properties were ransacked. Between 300 and 400 non-Jewish rioters were killed in the attempt to quell the violence. According to
4755:, which was opened in 1966. In recent years, the capital has seen the building of several football stadiums which are meant be opened in near future. The city has also had a strong tradition of
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and a country club. In addition, the go-ahead has been given to build numerous architecturally unique skyscrapers along the Tigris that would develop the city's financial center in Kadhehemiah.
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1336:. This wall was surrounded by another wall with a thickness of 50 m. The second wall had towers and rounded merlons, which surrounded the towers. This outer wall was protected by a solid
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sang during her visit in 1932 as well as the Chakmakji Company that recorded the music of various Arab singers. The street also contains famous and well-known landmarks including the ancient
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Joneidi, F. (2007). متنهای پهلوی. In Pahlavi Script and Language (Arsacid and Sassanid) نامه پهلوانی: آموزش خط و زبان پهلوی اشکانی و ساسانی (second ed., p. 109). Tehran: Balkh (نشر بلخ).
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789:. During this period, it had one of the highest rates of terrorist attacks in the world. However, terrorist attacks have gradually been on the decline since the territorial defeat of the
832:. They suggested various meanings, the most common of which was "bestowed by God". Modern scholars generally tend to favor this etymology, which views the word as a Persian compound of
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Baghdad eclipsed Ctesiphon, the capital of the Sassanians, which was located some 30 km (19 mi) to the southeast. Today, all that remains of Ctesiphon is the shrine town of
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Caecilia Pieri, Bagdad, la construction d'une capitale moderne, 1914–1960, Presses de l'Ifpo, 2015, 440 pages, about 800 illustrations (ISBN 978-2-35159-399-8) (ISSN 2225-7578).
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Arrêté du 22 novembre 1990 complétant l'arrêté du 23 août 1990 fixant la liste des établissements d'enseignement prévue à l'article 1er du décret no 90-469 du 31 mai 1990
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By the 10th century, the city's population was between 1.2 million and 2 million. Baghdad's early meteoric growth eventually slowed due to troubles within the
1023:
Christophe Wall-Romana has suggested that al-Mansur's choice to found his "new city" at Baghdad because of its strategic location was the same criteria which influenced
7723:"Baghdad Climate Guide to the Average Weather & Temperatures, with Graphs Elucidating Sunshine and Rainfall Data & Information about Wind Speeds & Humidity"
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In late 2009, a construction plan was proposed to rebuild the heart of Baghdad, but the plan was never realized because corruption was involved in it. The Baghdad Eye
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and Protestant communities in Iraq, which is also located in Baghdad. The city serves as the headquarters of the Chaldean Catholic Church, with its see located in the
2032:, with several architectural and planning projects commissioned to reinforce this administration. After receiving independence in 1932, the city became capital of the
726:, and became its most notable major development project. Within a short time, the city evolved into a significant cultural, commercial, and intellectual center of the
3974:, contains metals such as aluminum, ceramics, nickel, manganese and chromium. An oilfield is located in eastern Baghdad. The city is home to a large oil refinery in
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734:, as well as a multi-ethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the "Center of Learning". For much of the Abbasid era, during the
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was looted by Iraqi citizens during the 2003 US-led invasion. The Iraqi Film Archive was also bombed by the U.S. Air Force. Thousands of ancient manuscripts in the
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and after Rashid Ali al-Gaylani and his government had fled, the Mayor of Baghdad surrendered to British and Commonwealth forces. On 1–2 June, during the ensuing
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in 2003, Baghdad was home to more than 300,000 Christians, primarily concentrated in several neighborhoods with a Christian majority, the most notable being al-
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in the name of the Abbasid caliphs (they saw themselves as being part of the Abbasid regime). Tughril Beg saw himself as the protector of the Abbasid Caliphs.
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proper. This was the official name on coins, weights, and other official usage, although the common people continued to use the old name. By the 11th century,
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4421:. This street is well established for bookselling and has often been referred to as the heart and soul of the Baghdad literacy and intellectual community.
4110:. The project is predicated upon the scheme of design, build, finance, operation, maintenance and transfer, and is estimated to be completed in May 2029.
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launched massive aerial assaults in the city in the war. After the invasion, the airport was renamed as Baghdad International Airport. Following the
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The city's growth was helped by its excellent location, based on at least two factors: it had control over strategic and trading routes along the
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limited the import of foreign films. As many as 30 movie theaters were reported to have been converted to live stages, producing a wide range of
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cities at the time, streets were frequently washed free of debris and trash. In fact, by the time of Harun al-Rashid, Baghdad had a few thousand
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also present. There are many religious centers distributed around the city including mosques, churches, synagogues and Mashkhannas cultic huts.
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9505:" (). National Education Center (国立教育会館) of Japan. 21 February 1999. Retrieved on 12 March 2016. "バクダッド 休 校 中 " (means "Baghdad School Closed")
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4763:, known to Baghdadis simply as 'Races'. There are reports of pressures by the Islamists to stop this tradition due to the associated gambling.
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It was once one of the main destinations in the country and the region with a wealth of cultural attractions. Tourism has diminished since the
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as the first Arab city of the center of literary creativity. Baghdad attracted global media attention on 3 January 2020, when Iranian general
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For a time, Baghdad had been the largest city in the Middle East. The city saw relative revival in the latter part of the 18th century, under
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Tsimhoni, D. (2001). "The Pogrom (Farhud) against the Jews of Baghdad in 1941". In Roth, J. K.; Maxwell, E.; Levy, M.; Whitworth, W. (eds.).
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The nine districts are subdivided into 89 smaller neighborhoods which may make up sectors of any of the districts above. The following is a
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7451:"UNESCO chooses Baghdad as the first Arab city for literary creativity - Union of News Agencies of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation"
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4373:; many of these were stolen, and the museums looted, during the widespread chaos immediately after United States forces entered the city.
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along with the 'Uqaylid Quraysh. Not long before the arrival of the Saljuqs in Baghdad, al-Basasiri petitioned to the Fatimid Imam-Caliph
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today differs from that of other large urban centers in Iraq, having features more characteristic of nomadic Arabic dialects (Versteegh,
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1807:, a breakaway state of the Mongol Empire, ruling from Iran. In August 1393, Baghdad was occupied by the Central Asian Turkic conqueror
17:
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3704:. Baghdad had 60 synagogues. Due to increase in persecution, most of them left the country in 1951. After the seizure of power by the
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Parry, Ken; Melling, David J.; Brady, Dimitri; Griffith, Sidney H.; Healey, John F., eds. (1 September 2017) . "Church of the East".
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Estimates of total population differ substantially. The CIA World Factbook estimated the 2020 population of Baghdad at 7,144,000 The
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Beeston, A.F.L.; Shahîd, Irfan (2012). "al-ḤĪRA". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.).
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4321:). It is possible that this was caused by the repopulating of the city with rural residents after the multiple sackings of the late
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1768:. Many quarters were ruined by fire, siege, or looting. The Mongols massacred most of the city's inhabitants, including the caliph
1576:, the second last Abbasid caliph, who died in 1242. This would prove to be the last great library built by the caliphs of Baghdad.
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3646:("Two who swallow their anger") was bestowed. Many Shi'ites travel to the mosque from far away places to commemorate those imams.
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in 1258, resulting in a decline that would linger through many centuries due to frequent plagues and multiple successive empires.
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1905:
1356:, the palace was no longer used as the home for the caliph and his family. The roundness points to the fact that it was based on
10296:
9621:
9450:
1932:
796:
As capital of Iraq, Baghdad is home to government institution. It is home to numerous landmarks, popular as tourist spots, such
12316:
10002:
6525:
4357:
765:. It went under rapid development in the 1970s. The city's fortune was changed by the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Baghdad has faced
288:
6820:
13083:
12714:
10266:
10226:
10071:
9736:
9571:
8505:
8401:
8348:
7386:"In Iraq, respect for the Jews Baghdad: A tiny minority that has seen good days and bad is treated well under Saddam Hussein"
7280:
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7012:
6905:
6848:
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operates regional headquarters in the city. Most of these offices are located in Al-Rashid Street and the downtown Baghdad.
2163:
1878:
1213:. Leo is associated with fire and symbolizes productivity, pride, and expansion and Leo's connection symbolically to Mithra.
766:
9921:"الحيدر خانة تتكسر معالمه ووزارة الثقافة تعلّق بإحباط على إعمار محتضن قادة ثورة العشرين! » وكالة بغداد اليوم الاخبارية"
9791:
7153:
5566:
5527:
1908:, it returned to Iranian rule before falling back into Ottoman hands. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the
1614:(during 808–819 and 836–892), the loss of the western and easternmost provinces, and periods of political domination by the
1284:
urban planning, in which cities are designed as squares or rectangles with streets intersecting each other at right angles.
13088:
12662:
11988:
10348:
9519:
7722:
7450:
4518:
4503:. Qushla and its surroundings is where the historical features and cultural capitals of Baghdad are concentrated, from the
4013:, was appointed to design a new headquarters for the Central Bank in Baghdad. Initial talks about the project were held in
3759:
4439:
and some of the zoo keepers cared for the animals and fed the carnivores with donkeys they had bought locally. Eventually
11138:
10423:
9279:"A new era of opportunity is opening up in Iraq with the development of the private sector and the creation of start-ups"
4458:
3762:
is located in al-Qadisiyyah. Before 2003, Baghdad was regularly visited by Sikh pilgrims from India. The city is home to
3597:
1964:
738:, Baghdad was the largest city in the world. Its population peaked at more than one million people. The city was largely
401:
9502:
7700:
4348:, but efforts are underway to restore the theater. The live theater industry received a boost during the 1990s, when UN
1708:
to support him in conquering Baghdad on the Ismaili Imam's behalf. It has recently come to light that the famed Fatimid
1565:, who was vizier of two early Seljuk sultans. It continued to operate even after the coming of the Mongols in 1258. The
1368:, a Zoroastrian who also determined that the date of the foundation of the city would be astrologically auspicious, and
12537:
10734:
10163:, by Louisa Jebb (Mrs. Roland Wilkins), 1908 (1909 ed) (a searchable facsimile at the University of Georgia Libraries;
9367:
9192:
8417:
7424:
5682:
4377:
3589:
3309:
1949:
1890:
1872:
1472:. Although Arabic was used as the international language of science, the scholarship involved not only Arabs, but also
5283:
5064:
3716:
located in the neighborhood, is the only functioning synagogue and main administrative center for the Iraqi Jews. The
1053:
11014:
10343:
8323:
8298:
6729:
4403:
4361:
4241:
4090:
In July 2024, it was announced that an international consortium of French, Spanish, and Turkish companies as well as
2221:
645:
605:
9335:
5168:
12707:
10888:
10160:
10121:
9895:"أم كلثوم ونجيب الريحاني وبديعة مصابني قدموا أبرز أعمالهم على مسارحه.. جولة في شارع الرشيد في بغداد في ذكرى تأسيسه"
8970:
7504:
6198:
5050:
4565:. It contains historic homes, which were once homes of Jews. The houses of some of the well-known figures such as
4447:
in Iraq after the invasion, ordered protection for the zoo and enlisted U.S. engineers to help reopen the facility.
4263:
3686:
2233:
2193:
2175:
1509:
778:
255:
10319:
9161:
8879:
5252:
Duri, A.A. (2012). "Bag̲h̲dād". In P. Bearman; Th. Bianquis; C.E. Bosworth; E. van Donzel; W.P. Heinrichs (eds.).
2294:
1714:, al-Mu'ayyad al-Shirazi, had a direct role in supporting al-Basasiri and helped the general to succeed in taking
13073:
12403:
9162:"Obama ad attacks McCain for Baghdad Ferris wheel project being built on land leased by a Democratic Party donor"
9034:
4444:
3585:
3036:
2167:
1677:
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launched a number of missile attacks against Baghdad in retaliation for Iraqi Army's continuous bombardments of
11744:
9340:
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4926:
4196:
2029:
1673:
1465:
786:
750:
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The 'Ibad are tribes made up of different Arabian families that became connected with Christianity in al-Hira.
12672:
12657:
10727:
9576:
8667:
8485:
https://www.chaldeannews.com/culture-and-history/2021/6/29/the-jewish-community-of-iraq-history-and-influence
4057:
3828:
809:
6948:
4144:
is the largest university in Iraq and the second largest in the Arab world. Prior to the Gulf War, multiple
4050:
are the primary means of transportation in the city. Roads in Baghdad are noted to be especially congested.
3954:
2224:
were destroyed. The city also hosts various protests and rallies. In December 2015, Baghdad was selected by
1159:, Baghdad was one of the largest cities, not including the damage it has received. The residents are mostly
13123:
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12844:
12619:
10191:
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is typically under 50% in summer due to Baghdad's distance from the marshy southern Iraq and the coasts of
2116:
1442:
416:
10831:
7874:
3971:
2071:, Jewish residents were attacked following rumors they had aided the British. In what became known as the
2045:
13063:
12480:
10196:
10192:
Miastoprojekt goes abroad: the transfer of architectural labour from socialist Poland to Iraq (1958–1989)
5037:
3792:
3674:
3593:
3021:
2197:
1518:
782:
7273:
Architecture in global socialism : Eastern Europe, West Africa, and the Middle East in the Cold War
6864:
1979:
1516:. Several estimates suggest that the city contained over a million inhabitants at its peak. Many of the
12677:
12465:
12417:
12332:
7037:
7004:
4916:
4574:
4176:
4137:
3690:
3362:
1410:
797:
222:
156:
8942:
8747:"TBI celebrating the opening of its Headquarter new building at Baghdad – Al Rasheed St. on Wednesday"
4231:
4118:
3592:, the population of Sunnis significantly decreased as they were pushed out of many neighborhoods. The
3542:
in 2003, made up over 3% of the capital's Assyrian population then. The community has been subject to
1526:, are set in Baghdad during this period. It would surpass even Constantinople in prosperity and size.
13068:
12682:
12599:
12455:
12398:
11825:
10427:
10358:
10176:
10145:
9057:
8992:
7474:
5396:
4713:
4467:, also known as the Martyr's Memorial, is a monument dedicated to the Iraqi soldiers who died in the
4211:
3908:
3682:
2155:
1828:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1168:
968:
828:
Arab authors, realizing the pre-Islamic origins of Baghdad's name, generally looked for its roots in
432:
9313:
5006:
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3747:
1935:
in 1831. From 1851 to 1852 and from 1861 to 1867, Baghdad was governed, under the Ottoman Empire by
13098:
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10841:
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7602:
5103:
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would be commencing construction of the project. However, the planned construction did not happen.
3666:
3047:) and these councils elected representatives from their members to serve on six district councils (
2171:
356:
194:
31:
10259:
Architecture in Global Socialism: Eastern Europe, West Africa, and the Middle East in the Cold War
8209:
8011:
5377:
Guy Le Strange, "Baghdad During the Abbasid Caliphate from Contemporary Arabic and Persian", pg 10
1649:
of Shiites that had ruled for some time and took over power and control of Baghdad. They ruled as
1405:, established in 1227, was one of the oldest universities in the world. Its building survived the
13078:
12730:
12604:
11994:
10816:
9278:
8267:
7960:
7851:
7791:
7748:
4951:
4398:
4341:
4334:
2217:
1996:
1765:
1745:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1406:
739:
12341:
9095:
7120:
6445:
6137:
4665:
2323:
100 years. Snowfall was again reported on 11 February 2020, with accumulations across the city.
12637:
12589:
12373:
10328:
7505:"Climatologie mensuelle en juillet 2020 à Baghdad | climatologie depuis 1900 – Infoclimat"
6838:
5098:
4921:
4679:
4366:
3982:
3678:
3670:
3631:
2201:
1928:
1599:
1573:
663:
479:
10934:
10361:
Reports, maps and assessments of Iraq from the UN Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit
10059:
9685:
7908:
7025:
6895:
5714:
5460:
3743:
3735:
3442:
Industry Street runs by the University of Technology – center of the computer trade in Baghdad
984:
Another view, suggested by Christophe Wall-Romana, is that name of "Baghdad" is derived from "
808:, shopping malls and hotels. The city serves as an important gateway hub to Iraq, through the
12106:
10628:
10129:
7986:
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6016:
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4345:
4171:
4145:
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In the early 1950s, Jews constituted 25% of the city's population. Most of them lived around
2213:
2209:
2159:
2041:
1566:
1399:
1328:
base and about 12 m thick at the top. Also, the wall was 30 m high, which included
1229:
1013:
920:. There are a number of other locations whose names are compounds of the Middle Persian word
774:
761:
in 1932, Baghdad gradually regained some of its former prominence as a significant center of
513:
8078:
7821:
4651:
4479:'s government spent a lot of money on new monuments, which included the al-Shaheed Monument.
1936:
1916:, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out. The city became part of an
1513:
1247:. It features 70 scenes from different periods using lifesize models presenting Baghdad life
12946:
12765:
12500:
12017:
11332:
10881:
10761:
10750:
10284:
9828:
6412:
6363:
5319:
4732:
4562:
4472:
4370:
4277:
3920:
3916:
3697:
3662:
3604:
3478:
3439:
Al-Khat al-Sare'a – Mohammed al-Qasim (high speed lane) – runs through Baghdad, north–south
3389:
3358:
1940:
1369:
1198:
1077:
rulers wanted their own capital from which they could rule. They chose a site north of the
861:
523:
368:
12460:
7248:"Assassination of Faisal II, King of Iraq, members of his family, and palace staff (1958)"
6642:
6616:
5185:
3739:
999:
founded a completely new city for his capital, he chose the name "City of Peace" (Arabic:
184:
8:
12513:
12442:
12422:
12324:
12100:
11853:
11545:
10911:
10836:
10826:
10801:
10781:
10771:
10588:
10538:
10392:
9122:
7540:
6744:
6142:
4984:
4597:
4515:
4464:
4094:
was awarded $ 17.5 billion to construct Baghdad's metro. The consortium includes Alstom,
3967:
3963:
3948:
3778:
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3456:
3232:
1848:
1705:
1477:
1042:
696:
373:
168:
6367:
5027:
2142:
1174:
In its early years, the city was known as a deliberate reminder of an expression in the
13000:
12887:
12432:
12393:
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11404:
10917:
10811:
10806:
10786:
10653:
10613:
10475:
9863:
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9481:
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7113:
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6517:
6389:
5773:
5765:
5625:
5617:
5132:
5032:
4349:
4191:
4186:
3986:
3912:
3600:
caused hundreds of thousands of Iraqi internally displaced people to flee to the city.
3581:
3199:
3095:
2316:
2290:
2256:". The land on which the city is built is almost entirely flat and low-lying, being of
2107:
2091:
1549:
1481:
1389:
1133:
1036:
735:
9599:
8618:
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7930:
5112:
4608:. The Street is also notable for its architecture and aesthetic which was inspired by
4356:
and dramatic productions. Institutions offering cultural education in Baghdad include
12527:
12258:
11738:
10923:
10846:
10821:
10796:
10791:
10776:
10766:
10603:
10518:
10262:
10222:
10067:
9732:
9629:
8501:
8397:
8344:
8319:
8294:
8103:
7618:
7359:
7276:
7207:
7203:
7180:
7124:
7093:
7072:"The architecture of the British Mandate in Iraq: nation-building and state creation"
7041:
7008:
6901:
6844:
6718:
6669:
6598:
6588:
6563:
6559:
6509:
6501:
6426:
6416:
6381:
6331:
6304:
6274:
6264:
6235:
6160:
6117:
5944:
5917:
5884:
5873:
5808:
5798:
5777:
5757:
5660:
5650:
5629:
5609:
5556:
5517:
5476:
5466:
5428:
5323:
5261:
5124:
5116:
4835:
4820:
4805:
4790:
4782:
4740:
4588:
4528:
4468:
4260:
3928:
3868:
3820:
3763:
3754:". On 23 June 2013, the house was destroyed under unclear circumstances. Most of the
3450:
3347:
3224:
2943:
2896:
2848:
2120:
2087:
1588:
1373:
1206:
1074:
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941:
825:
in 637 CE, and several ancient empires had capitals located in the surrounding area.
801:
723:
10856:
10338:
10242:: The Arabian Diaries, 1913–1914." by Bell Gertrude Lowthian, and O'Brien, Rosemary.
8774:"Iraqi Central Bank Ordered To Pay $ 13 Million In Row Over Unpaid Bills For New HQ"
8593:
8291:
Iraq Full Circle: From Shock and Awe to the Last Combat Patrol in Baghdad and Beyond
7318:
6521:
6476:
6393:
5136:
5087:"Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey"
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4601:
4136:
was established in 1227 by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mustansir. The name was changed to
3742:) also known as the "Most Great House" (Bayt-i-Aʻzam) and the "House of God," where
2013:
13058:
13026:
11892:
11886:
10698:
10693:
10623:
10490:
10465:
10032:
9820:
8389:
7083:
6817:
6555:
6491:
6371:
6323:
6300:
6227:
5909:
5749:
5601:
5315:
5257:
5108:
5084:
4752:
4693:
4558:
4504:
4436:
4413:
4306:
4269:
4181:
4026:
4022:
3936:
3884:
3639:
3580:
population, but by the early 21st century around 52% of the city's population were
3571:
3394:
3328:
3262:
3247:
3189:
3084:
2053:
1909:
1461:
1324:
1316:
868:
616:
567:
164:
9581:
8364:
7088:
7071:
4958:
states a population of 7,216,050; Mongabay gives a figure of 6,492,200 as of 2002.
4248:
3766:, which is a sacred site in Sikhism. It was destroyed during the Iraq War in 2003.
3751:
1216:
The bricks used to make the city were 18 in (460 mm) on all four sides.
1092:
commissioned the construction of the city. It was built under the guidance of the
12188:
11264:
11210:
11114:
11053:
10874:
10663:
10633:
10523:
10480:
10370:
10323:
10291:
9795:
9788:
9773:
8235:
7147:
7032:
6999:
6978:
6955:
6824:
6733:
6710:
6652:
6205:
5938:
5550:
5507:
5172:
5068:
4685:
4643:
4496:
4428:
4310:
4289:, contributing several significant writers, musicians and visual artists. Famous
4223:
4129:
3880:
3806:
3705:
3539:
3523:
3519:
3462:
3267:
3242:
3127:
3100:
2249:
2229:
2205:
2064:
2033:
2000:
1970:
1921:
1868:
1769:
1611:
1584:
1455:
1300:
1269:
1240:
1210:
1191:
1141:
1110:
1093:
1024:
976:
758:
731:
675:
654:
549:
10254:"A memoir of Major-General Sir Henry Creswicke Rawlinson." by Rawlinson, George.
9515:
7726:
1741:
947:
Other authors have suggested older origins for the name, in particular the name
730:. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the
12936:
12579:
12320:
12111:
11749:
11297:
10638:
10548:
10125:
9622:"Gunmen storm independent radio station in latest attack against media in Iraq"
7957:"Leaders Highlight Successes of Baghdad Operation – DefendAmerica News Article"
7199:
7135:
Jews represented 2.5 percent of 'Iraq's population and 25 percent of Baghdad's.
6959:
4629:
4566:
4524:
4476:
4314:
4227:
4159:
4006:
3635:
3177:
3162:
2124:
2111:
2021:
2004:
1955:
1917:
1886:
1882:
1864:
1277:
1265:
1244:
1194:
829:
106:
8555:
8498:"Baghdad: the House of Baháʼu'lláh" A concise encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith
8036:
6777:
The Ismailis in the Middle Ages: A History of Survival, A Search for Salvation
6697:
Mackensen, Ruth Stellhorn . (1932). Four Great Libraries of Medieval Baghdad.
6602:
6261:
Early Islam – The hidden origins of Islam: new research into its early history
6231:
5480:
2248:
river. The Tigris splits Baghdad in half, with the eastern half being called "
1700:
under the Turkish general Abu'l-Ḥārith Arslān al-Basasiri, an adherent of the
13052:
12475:
12437:
12281:
12182:
11130:
10658:
10563:
10553:
10374:
10239:
9947:"الگاردينيا - مجلة ثقافية عامة - مقاهي بغداد ... ذاكرة المكان وملتقى الثقافة"
8383:
7696:
7425:"At least 32 killed as first suicide bombing in nearly 2 years rocks Baghdad"
7363:
7293:
7097:
6747:
International dictionary of historic places, Volume 4: Middle East and Africa
6505:
6475:
Falagas, Matthew E.; Zarkadoulia, Effie A.; Samonis, George (1 August 2006).
6385:
6278:
5761:
5613:
5120:
5085:
Gilbert Burnham; Riyadh Lafta; Shannon Doocy; Les Roberts (11 October 2006).
4726:
4699:
4542:
4294:
4091:
4076:
4069:
4053:
3975:
3919:
have established their headquarters in Baghdad. Multinational corporations —
3883:, Natural History Museum and several others. Baghdad is known for its famous
3658:
3535:
3515:
3511:
3219:
3172:
3167:
3132:
2730:
2179:
1832:
1816:
1646:
1562:
1357:
1273:
790:
743:
700:
339:
326:
172:
10949:
10379:
7848:"Zafaraniya Residents Get Water Project Update – DefendAmerica News Article"
7536:"Baghdad Soars to 125 Blistering Degrees, Its Highest Temperature on Record"
6430:
5812:
5664:
3397:– A street with numerous bookshops, named after the 10th century Iraqi poet
1136:
is believed to have been buried. Ctesiphon itself had replaced and absorbed
12785:
12518:
12220:
11926:
11589:
11535:
11463:
11073:
11034:
10598:
10578:
9542:"Baghdad celebrates selection as UNESCO City of Literature | Nermeen Mufti"
7226:
6837:
Bosworth, C.E.; Donzel, E. van; Heinrichs, W.P.; Pellat, Ch., eds. (1998).
6513:
5913:
5275:
5128:
5061:
4827:
4812:
4797:
4756:
4748:
4744:
4736:
4570:
4454:
4418:
4286:
4236:
4002:
3547:
3398:
3338:
3237:
2305:
2099:
2068:
2049:
1844:
1792:
1761:
1622:
1545:
1537:
1450:
1281:
1257:
1202:
1062:
985:
762:
727:
12699:
11094:
9026:
8393:
7669:"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020: Baghdad"
6726:
6496:
6327:
5212:"Twin Suicide Bombings In Baghdad Market Kill At Least 32, Wound Over 100"
2263:
origin due to the periodic large floods which have occurred on the river.
1497:
75:
13016:
12791:
12566:
12132:
11942:
11786:
11703:
11673:
11662:
11425:
11119:
11048:
10688:
10618:
10608:
10470:
9920:
9754:
The Monument: Art, Vulgarity, and Responsibility in Saddam Hussein's Iraq
9693:
9345:
6585:
The House of Wisdom : How the Arabs Transformed Western Civilization
5845:
5792:
5644:
5165:
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4864:
4760:
4657:
4593:
4440:
4432:
4424:
4326:
4322:
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3904:
3876:
3624:
3292:
3252:
3214:
3105:
2123:
of the 1980s was a difficult time for the city, as money was diverted by
2103:
2060:
2025:
1788:
1719:
1645:, the leader of the Seljuks, took over Baghdad. The Seljuks expelled the
1642:
1630:
1533:
1295:
1156:
885:
853:
822:
160:
8974:
6745:
Trudy Ring; Robert M. Salkin; K. A. Berney; Paul E. Schellinger (1996).
2312:
from the deserts to the west are a normal occurrence during the summer.
1224:
12986:
12542:
12275:
12061:
11959:
11880:
11764:
11633:
11622:
11611:
11600:
11280:
11275:
11232:
11162:
11109:
11068:
11063:
10719:
10683:
10648:
10643:
10593:
10543:
10528:
10316:
10311:
8912:
5505:
4613:
4010:
3940:
3859:
3543:
3287:
3272:
3257:
3157:
3142:
3068:
2309:
2257:
2128:
2083:
2076:
1781:
1638:
1434:
1289:
1217:
1164:
1129:
1027:
choice to found the original city of Akkad in the exact same location.
805:
708:
509:
148:
56:
10003:"And they're off! Iraqi Kurdistan holds first cash-betting horse race"
9426:"Iraq's Ministry of Transport to include Baghdad Metro in 2023 budget"
8316:
The Chaldeans: Politics and Identity in Iraq and the American Diaspora
7822:"DefenseLink News Article: Soldier Helps to Form Democracy in Baghdad"
6701:, Vol. 2, No. 3 (July 1932), pp. 279-299. University of Chicago Press.
6666:
The Caliph's Splendor: Islam and the West in the Golden Age of Baghdad
5797:. Aage Westenholz. Freiburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag. p. 32.
5769:
5737:
5649:. Aage Westenholz. Freiburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag. p. 31.
5621:
5589:
3746:
mostly resided from 1853 to 1863. It is considered a holy place and a
3724:. The Mousawi Sect is responsible for administration of Jewish sites.
3562:
groups. As of the end of 2014, only 1,500 Assyrians remained in Dora.
12996:
12880:
12609:
12584:
12408:
12118:
12012:
11999:
11977:
11970:
11948:
11920:
11897:
11830:
11814:
11792:
11770:
11657:
11396:
11327:
11253:
11104:
11099:
11089:
11058:
10984:
10959:
10583:
10573:
10568:
10485:
10450:
10445:
10245:"Historic Cities of the Islamic World". by Bosworth, Clifford Edmund.
10221:(1st ed.). The American University in Cairo Press. p. 160.
9489:
8829:"FAB to open representative office in Iraq to expand Mena operations"
6376:
6351:
5513:
4911:
4869:
3944:
3932:
3755:
3731:
3721:
3616:
3559:
3277:
3147:
3122:
3089:
3079:
3059:
2166:
to Baghdad's transportation, power, and sanitary infrastructure. The
2095:
1840:
1804:
1693:
1607:
1558:
1501:
1446:
1438:
1361:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1183:
1175:
1096:
1089:
1082:
996:
504:
391:
8619:"Lebanon: Iraqi tourists provide unlikely boost for failing economy"
8521:
7319:"CIAO Case Study: Iraq and the Gulf War: Decision-Making in Baghdad"
4340:
Some of the important cultural institutions in the city include the
1512:
from shortly after its foundation until the 930s, when it tied with
1167:
where there is a cell and a mosque above it. The Sultan of Baghdad,
1147:
1020:
became almost the exclusive name for the world-renowned metropolis.
12867:
12831:
12667:
12624:
12594:
12562:
12552:
12522:
12495:
12427:
12243:
12198:
12078:
11964:
11931:
11869:
11808:
11775:
11708:
11628:
11617:
11584:
11504:
11412:
11371:
11242:
11226:
11215:
10708:
10678:
10668:
9492:(West Germany). 23 June 1965. Retrieved on 12 March 2016. p. 35/51.
6932:
5753:
5605:
4550:
4508:
4495:
or Qishla is a public square and the historical complex located in
4381:
4014:
3924:
3709:
3650:
3608:
3555:
3534:
pilgrims from India. The historic "Assyrian Quarter" of the city —
3495:
3297:
3282:
2301:
2260:
2190:
2186:
2151:
1897:
1824:
1701:
1697:
1618:
1493:
1473:
1469:
1430:
1422:
1418:
1365:
1187:
1179:
1137:
1078:
937:
933:
770:
115:
10248:"Ottoman administration of Iraq, 1890–1908." by Cetinsaya, Gokhan.
9516:"Baghdad: The City in Verse, translated and edited by Reuven Snir"
9118:"Iraq plans giant Ferris wheel, hopes to lure tourists to Baghdad"
8722:"Mutanabbi Street: Iraqi artwork, London service, Global shipping"
7352:"The toppling of Saddam's statue: how the US military made a myth"
5671:
5509:
Trade, Travel, and Exploration in the Middle Ages: An Encyclopedia
4388:
neighborhood of Baghdad, have been attacked on several occasions.
4256:
2009:
1728:
126:
13030:
12980:
12960:
12950:
12920:
12861:
12854:
12815:
12775:
12761:
12755:
12652:
12532:
12485:
12470:
12371:
12296:
12291:
12253:
12237:
12171:
12148:
12072:
11953:
11915:
11909:
11864:
11836:
11646:
11606:
11441:
11365:
11313:
11291:
11269:
11258:
11193:
11188:
10979:
10703:
10673:
10533:
10460:
10301:
8913:"Economy of the largest cities of Iraq "Baghdad" – rawabt center"
3654:
3628:
3209:
3194:
3152:
3137:
3074:
3032:
1913:
1852:
1753:
1734:
1710:
1650:
1626:
1579:
1426:
1402:
1353:
1160:
988:", as the cuneiform logogram for Akkad (𒀀𒂵𒉈𒆠) is pronounced "
925:
880:
494:
11803:
10344:
UAE Investors Keen On Taking Part In Baghdad Renaissance Project
7482:
5552:
Political history of Post-Kassite Babylonia (1158-722 b. C.) (A)
13020:
13010:
12916:
12841:
12805:
12795:
12781:
12771:
12614:
12557:
12412:
12264:
12215:
12176:
12160:
12143:
12137:
12123:
12067:
12039:
12034:
12028:
11937:
11858:
11841:
11726:
11721:
11685:
11679:
11595:
11458:
11447:
11436:
11430:
11360:
11343:
11004:
10994:
10974:
10954:
10897:
10558:
9850:
9723:
Babylon's Ark; The Incredible Wartime Rescue of the Baghdad Zoo
8880:"Inauguration of Fransabank Baghdad and Erbil Branches in Iraq"
8721:
8694:"Mutanabbi Street: An intellectual haven overcomes Iraq's pain"
8556:"محافظ بغداد يزور مندى الصابئة المندائية ويهنئهم بالعيد الأكبر"
7110:
6993:
The Fertile Crescent, 1800-1914: a documentary economic history
6933:
Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley, eds. (2008), "Baghdad",
5506:
John Block Friedman; Kristen Mossler Figg, eds. (4 July 2013).
5342:
Mackenzie, D. (1971). A concise Pahlavi Dictionary (p. 23, 16).
4882:
4554:
4531:
that is associated with the Sunni Imam Abu Hanifa. The name of
4512:
4500:
4492:
4407:
4353:
4302:
4095:
4080:
4030:
4018:
3701:
3527:
3182:
2245:
2225:
2136:
2072:
2057:
2024:
rule until 1917, when they were captured by the British during
1820:
1812:
1757:
1595:
1505:
1425:. The city flourished into an unrivaled intellectual center of
1337:
1329:
1261:
1253:
1205:, believed that the city should be built under the sign of the
1118:
1106:
1086:
929:
893:
716:
692:
152:
9249:"Baghdad Investment: Creating (1824) housing units in Baghdad"
8418:"Reclaiming Iraq's Jewish Heritage | The Washington Institute"
5353:"BAGHDAD i. Before the Mongol Invasion – Encyclopædia Iranica"
1529:
838:
787:
substantial loss of cultural heritage and historical artifacts
13006:
12990:
12976:
12970:
12966:
12940:
12910:
12906:
12900:
12874:
12835:
12825:
12821:
12811:
12801:
12751:
12745:
12741:
12642:
12547:
12231:
12226:
12094:
12083:
12023:
11904:
11819:
11797:
11781:
11759:
11697:
11692:
11668:
11651:
11474:
11469:
11387:
11376:
11338:
11308:
11302:
11286:
11247:
11204:
11199:
10969:
10964:
10866:
10455:
6836:
5166:"Cities and urban areas in Iraq with population over 100,000"
4856:
4851:
4385:
4107:
4103:
3577:
3551:
3507:
3204:
3064:
3016:
2253:
1901:
1893:, partially as a result of the enmity between its rulers and
1808:
1796:
1777:
1773:
1715:
1634:
1548:, who was caliph from 813 to 833. Another was established by
1417:
Within a generation of its founding, Baghdad became a hub of
1320:
1312:
1122:
848:
712:
8365:"Church of Mary Mother of Sorrows, Baghdad, Iraq (Chaldean)"
4285:
Baghdad has always played a significant role in the broader
3603:
The majority of the citizens are Muslims with minorities of
1858:
992:" ("Agade") and its resemblance to "Baghdad" is compelling.
12956:
12930:
12893:
12848:
12269:
12165:
12089:
12056:
12050:
11982:
11875:
11452:
11382:
11354:
10164:
10133:
9814:
History of the Great Imam mosque and al-Adhamiyah mosques 1
7675:
7599:"Afp.google.com, First snow for 100 years falls on Baghdad"
4877:
4290:
4099:
4047:
3673:. There is also a significant presence of followers of the
3627:
of Baghdad. It contains the tombs of the seventh and ninth
3612:
3531:
3028:
2132:
1894:
1723:
1615:
1489:
1485:
1377:
1308:
944:, which likely share the same etymological Iranic origins.
754:
688:
622:
361:
10422:
10094:(in Persian). Iranian Students' News Agency. 21 March 2018
8341:
The Middle East: A Physical, Social and Regional Geography
6552:
Islamic Science and the Making of the European Renaissance
6477:"Arab science in the golden age (750–1258 C.E.) and today"
4021:, on 14 August 2010, in the presence of the bank governor
3661:, which had around 150,000 Christians before the war. The
1572:, which owned an exceedingly rich library, was founded by
1332:, a solid part of an embattled parapet usually pierced by
10999:
10251:"Naked in Baghdad." by Garrels, Anne, and Lawrence, Vint.
10128:, by Donald Maxwell, 1921 (a searchable facsimile at the
8500:. Oxford: Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp. 66–67.
8381:
7152:. Vol. 42. Jewish Literary Trust. 1995. p. 11.
7023:
Suraiya Faroqhi, Halil İnalcık, Donald Quataert (1997). "
6981:, EurasiaNet Civil Society, Elizabeth Kiem, 28 April 2006
6474:
6446:"Baghdad in Its Golden Age (762–1300) | 25–26 April 2014"
3758:
live in Baghdad, primarily in al-Qadisiyah and Dora. The
2990:
1811:("Tamerlane"), by marching there in only eight days from
1383:
634:
625:
585:
579:
576:
8854:"Honeywell opens Baghdad office - Utilities Middle East"
8388:. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. pp. 122–3.
7749:"Monthly weather forecast and climate for Baghdad, Iraq"
6897:
Challenges of the Muslim World: Present, Future and Past
6320:
Routledge Revivals: Medieval Islamic Civilization (2006)
4281:
Al-Ma'mun's Telecommunication Center in downtown Baghdad
2279:
Panoramic view of the Tigris as it flows through Baghdad
1823:
protected him and killed Timur's envoys. Timur left the
1057:
An 1808 picture of Baghdad from the print collection in
8549:
8547:
7596:
7224:
Kaplan, Robert D (April 2014). "In Defence of Empire".
6787:
6785:
4313:
and others have performed for the city. The dialect of
793:
militant group in Iraq in 2017, and are very rare now.
9149:
Wikinews: Iraq plans 'Baghdad Eye' to draw in tourists
8641:"In a 'dangerous' land: tourists trickle back to Iraq"
5906:
Les cadis d'Iraq et l'État Abbasside (132/750-334/945)
4549:
The Jewish Quarter of Baghdad is centered around the
4132:
was a major academy and public center in Baghdad. The
3116:(rather than a complete list) of these neighborhoods:
3027:
Administratively, Baghdad Governorate is divided into
1132:, just to the south of Greater Baghdad which is where
10235:"Travels in Asia and Africa 1325-135" by Ibn Battuta.
10219:
Baghdad Arts Deco: Architectural Brickwork, 1920–1950
9718:
9653:"Then and Now: A New Chapter for Baghdad Book Market"
9572:"Five women confront a new Iraq | csmonitor.com"
9482:
Deutscher Bundestag 4. Wahlperiode Drucksache IV/3672
9471:). Legislature of France. Retrieved on 12 March 2016.
9020:
9018:
6795:
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, 205-206.
6699:
The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy
6111:
4046:
Baghdad lacks substantial public transportation, and
3588:
between the Sunni and Shia militia groups during the
2150:
Between 1990 and 1991, Baghdad was bombed during the
888:), known in English by its borrowed Hellenistic form
722:
In 762 AD, Baghdad was founded as the capital of the
646:
606:
10124:, being the adventures of an official artist in the
9680:
9678:
8991:
Goode, Erica; Mohammed, Riyadh (20 September 2008).
8544:
7104:
7026:
An economic and social history of the Ottoman Empire
6782:
4893:
3506:
The vast majority of Baghdad's population are Iraqi
2244:
The city is located on a vast plain bisected by the
2056:
government to replace the pro-British government of
1007:
874:"god." A similar term in Middle Persian is the name
668:
637:
631:
619:
588:
582:
573:
9383:"Iraq approves 2023 budget funds for Baghdad metro"
9056:Mohammed, Riyadh; Leland, John (29 December 2009).
8553:
8194:
8192:
8190:
8188:
7294:"Gulf War & Iraq War | Australian War Memorial"
7111:Edmund A. Ghareeb; Beth Dougherty (18 March 2004).
6972:
New Book Looks at Old-Style Central Asian Despotism
5462:
E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936
5424:
E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936
3665:is divided among various denominations, mainly the
1943:reports the 1907 population of Baghdad as 185,000.
628:
570:
9805:
9720:
9598:. Commondreams.org. 2 January 2003. Archived from
9193:"New Ferris wheel attracts leisure-starved Iraqis"
9159:
9015:
8943:"Baghdad - Mosques, Palaces, Gardens | Britannica"
8458:"Once thriving, Iraq's Jews on verge of vanishing"
7534:Cappucci, Matthew; Salim, Mustafa (29 July 2020).
7112:
6894:Cooper, William W.; Yue, Piyu (15 February 2008).
6093:
6057:
6055:
5993:
5966:
5872:
5311:The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names
4573:are also located there. The district contains the
1732:(call to prayer) was implemented in Baghdad and a
1144:, which had earlier replaced the city of Babylon.
10359:Iraq Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit
10339:Ethnic and sectarian map of Baghdad – Healingiraq
9719:Anthony, Lawrence; Spence Grayham (3 June 2007).
9675:
8234:(in Persian). kazem.ommolketab.ir. Archived from
8201:البدء بإعمار وتذهيب قبة الإمام الكاظم عليه السلام
7875:"Basics of democracy in Iraq include frustration"
6808:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, 206.
6415:. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press.
5705:"ما معنى (بغداد)؟ العراق العالم العربي الجغرافيا"
5697:
5397:"Persimmons surviving winter in Bagdati, Georgia"
4983:. Islamic Arts & Architecture. Archived from
4546:televised event during the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
1931:government. Direct Ottoman rule was reimposed by
1752:On 10 February 1258, Baghdad was captured by the
1344:. Beyond the outer wall was a water-filled moat.
1307:The four surrounding walls of Baghdad were named
13050:
9380:
9368:"Baghdad goes underground with $ 3bn metro plan"
8385:The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity
8224:
8185:
6182:Gordon, M.S. (2006). Baghdad. In Meri, J.W. ed.
6159:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. p. 10.
4954:estimated the 2005 population at 5,904,000; the
4056:, the national airline of Iraq, operates out of
1772:, and destroyed large sections of the city. The
981:). Some scholars suggested Aramaic derivations.
13109:Populated places established in the 8th century
9829:"History of the Moof Abu Hanifa and its school"
8289:Walling, Michael G.; Darron, L. Wright (2012).
7676:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
7411:"Safe Under Saddam, Iraqi Jews Fear for Future"
6949:Annals of history: Invaders: Destroying Baghdad
6865:"Baghdad Sacked by the Mongols | History Today"
6779:, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007), 6.
6199:When Baghdad was centre of the scientific world
6052:
5415:
5075:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 19 July 2019.
4731:Baghdad is home to some of the most successful
1827:prince Khwaja Mas'ud to govern Baghdad, but he
1151:A 1468 painting of Floods in Baghdad by Shirwan
715:and the second-largest city in West Asia after
11494:An unrecognised or partially-recognised nation
11160:
9055:
6184:Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia
6037:"Yakut: Baghdad under the Abbasids, c. 1000CE"
5548:
4751:(Students). The largest stadium in Baghdad is
3962:Baghdad, just like other governorates such as
3012:List of neighborhoods and districts in Baghdad
1580:Stagnation and invasions (10th–16th centuries)
12715:
12357:
11520:
11146:
10882:
10735:
10408:
10384:
10334:Description of the original layout of Baghdad
8990:
8288:
8037:"Iraq - Arabs, Mesopotamia, Tigris-Euphrates"
7697:"World Weather Information Service – Baghdad"
7533:
7206:, William Morrow and Company, 1993. pg. 114.
6294:
5371:
5307:
4843:
4600:as well as numerous well-known cafés such as
2028:. In 1920, Baghdad became the capital of the
1637:branch of Islam. In 1040, they destroyed the
959:(spelled with a sign that can represent both
9751:
9644:
8668:"Is it safe to travel to Iraq as a tourist?"
7715:
6840:Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume VII (Mif-Naz)
6693:
6691:
6689:
6687:
6685:
5937:Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1 January 2007).
5875:Baghdad: Metropolis of the Abbasid Caliphate
5159:
4360:and the Institute of Fine Arts Baghdad. The
3693:has its see in the Cathedral of the Virgin.
1299:Contemporary sketch of Baghdad published by
12729:
9767:Al-Qushla: Iraq's oasis of free expression.
9451:"Baghdad metro project consortium selected"
9027:"Baghdad plans to build giant Ferris wheel"
8986:
8984:
8073:
8071:
8069:
8067:
8065:
8063:
8061:
8059:
8057:
7725:. Climate & Temperature. Archived from
7623:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
7597:(AFP) – 11 January 2008 (11 January 2008).
5790:
5735:
5642:
5587:
4033:to sign the agreement between the bank and
3995:Sindbad Hotel Complex and Conference Center
3494:in the Middle East after Cairo, Tehran and
2216:. Priceless collection of artifacts in the
2092:staged a coup to topple the Kingdom of Iraq
1073:, the first Muslim dynasty, the victorious
12722:
12708:
12364:
12350:
11527:
11513:
11153:
11139:
10889:
10875:
10742:
10728:
10415:
10401:
10302:National Commission for Investment in Iraq
10297:Iraq Image – Baghdad Satellite Observation
9423:
8136:"Iraq crisis: The last Christians of Dora"
7349:
6935:Cities of the Middle East and North Africa
6806:The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines
6793:The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines
5251:
4337:as a City of Literature in December 2015.
3576:The city historically has a predominantly
1610:, including relocations of the capital to
10033:"Brotherhood & Friendship Agreements"
9978:(in Arabic). 21 June 2017. Archived from
9826:
9049:
8522:"Sacred site in Baghdad destroyed | BWNS"
8163:"'Sushi' children defy Sunni-Shia divide"
7087:
7058:Ottoman Administration of Iraq, 1890–1908
6893:
6682:
6495:
6375:
6221:
5453:
5102:
4944:
3355:– site of historical mosques and churches
2020:Baghdad and southern Iraq remained under
1859:Ottoman and mamluks (16th–19th centuries)
773:, which began with the United States-led
749:The city served as capital of the former
10749:
10088:"گذری بر خواهرخوانده تهران در شرق اروپا"
10057:
8981:
8054:
7469:
7467:
7174:
6704:
6619:. Geography.about.com. 2 November 2009.
6112:Hattstein, Markus; Peter Delius (2000).
6075:"بالصور.. أبو تحسين آخر حكواتي في بغداد"
5936:
4978:
4482:
4325:. For poetry written about Baghdad, see
4276:
4268:
4255:
4247:
4235:
4158:Baghdad Japanese School (バグダッド日本人学校), a
4117:
4063:
3953:
3890:
3858:
3846:
3538:, which boasted a population of 150,000
3308:
3015:
2141:
2131:and thousands of residents were killed.
2048:. Rashid Ali al-Gaylani installed a pro-
2008:
1803:At this point, Baghdad was ruled by the
1799:sacked the city and spared almost no one
1787:
1740:
1726:. Soon after, by December 1058, a Shi'i
1633:from Central Asia that converted to the
1594:
1583:
1528:
1393:
1294:
1235:
1223:
1146:
1101:
1052:
9827:Al Shakir, Osama S. (20 October 2013).
9596:"In Baghdad, Art Thrives As War Hovers"
8965:
8963:
8937:
8935:
8933:
8907:
8905:
8903:
8901:
8796:
8794:
8588:
8586:
8584:
8582:
8580:
8578:
8576:
8574:
8572:
8480:
8478:
8313:
8133:
7193:
7069:
7060:. London and New York: Routledge, 2006.
6663:
6443:
6406:
6178:
6176:
6061:
6046:
5984:
5903:
5858:
5825:
5308:Everett-Heath, John (24 October 2019).
3346:– Runs from the north into Baghdad via
1819:fled to Syria, where the Mamluk Sultan
1696:. In 1058, Baghdad was captured by the
1171:, was a Tatar king who embraced Islam.
1163:. Baghdad is also home to the grave of
14:
13094:Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Middle East
13051:
12317:Chagos Archipelago sovereignty dispute
10000:
9811:
8826:
8716:
8714:
8452:
8450:
8448:
8446:
8444:
8442:
8440:
8438:
8338:
8318:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 174.
8293:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 168.
8259:افتتاحية قبة الامام الجواد عليه السلام
8129:
8127:
8125:
7786:
7784:
7782:
7780:
7778:
7776:
7774:
7772:
7770:
7755:from the original on 19 September 2020
7527:
7223:
6875:from the original on 10 September 2018
6717:, Washington, D.C.: FAROS 2000, 2003.
6549:
5681:. Seenjeem.maktoob.com. Archived from
5403:from the original on 23 September 2016
5399:. Georgian Journal. 22 February 2016.
5276:"Baghdad, Foundation and early growth"
5247:
5245:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5237:
5235:
5233:
4979:Petersen, Andrew (13 September 2011).
4511:. The entire area is submitted to the
4358:The Music and Ballet School of Baghdad
4252:The National Ballet performing in 2007
3734:district of Baghdad, was the house of
2196:lasted until 2013. It was followed by
2174:, Saddam's government lost its power.
1641:, taking over their land and in 1055,
1557:or theological college libraries. The
1504:culminating in the scholarship on the
1384:Center of learning (8th–9th centuries)
1360:. The two designers who were hired by
1292:" which survived until the modern era.
12703:
12345:
11508:
11134:
10870:
10723:
10396:
10383:
10216:
10066:. London: Anthem Press. p. 196.
10013:from the original on 29 December 2021
9650:
9037:from the original on 11 December 2013
8665:
8495:
8250:
8160:
8134:Spencer, Richard (22 December 2014).
7872:
7699:. World Meteorological Organization.
7649:from the original on 12 February 2020
7639:"Ultra-rare snowfall carpets Baghdad"
7464:
7345:
7343:
7341:
7339:
7245:
7241:
7239:
7237:
6914:from the original on 9 September 2018
6582:
6258:
6194:
6192:
5359:from the original on 17 November 2017
5188:. Geography.about.com. 6 April 2011.
4527:is a predominantly Sunni area with a
4391:
4202:American University of Iraq – Baghdad
3642:respectively, upon whom the title of
2330:Climate data for Baghdad (1991-2020)
2204:insurgency from 2017, which included
2189:took place from 2003 to 2011, but an
1508:. Baghdad is likely to have been the
1449:and thrived under the seventh caliph
687:) is the capital and largest city of
674:
13114:Populated places on the Tigris River
13104:Populated places along the Silk Road
11534:
9874:from the original on 27 January 2018
9700:from the original on 10 October 2017
9552:from the original on 30 January 2021
9241:
9215:
9184:
9172:from the original on 14 January 2015
9153:
9142:
9130:from the original on 1 December 2016
9110:
9080:
8960:
8930:
8898:
8846:
8820:
8791:
8765:
8739:
8569:
8554:Baghdad Governorate (20 July 2019).
8532:from the original on 31 January 2022
8475:
8173:from the original on 10 October 2018
7689:
7578:from the original on 27 October 2016
7431:from the original on 22 January 2021
7350:Tunzelmann, Alex von (8 July 2021).
6727:Evolutionary World Politics Homepage
6668:. Simon & Schuster. p. 65.
6456:from the original on 7 February 2019
6317:
6173:
6154:
6148:
6099:
5999:
5972:
5940:Historic Cities of the Islamic World
5870:
5679:"ما معنى اسم مدينة بغداد ومن سماه ؟"
5530:from the original on 28 January 2020
5441:from the original on 4 February 2021
5320:10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001
4535:is derived from Abu Hanifa's title,
4333:(Harvard, 2013). Baghdad joined the
3895:View of downtown Baghdad, March 2017
3526:. The city was also home to a large
2998:Source 2: Climate & Temperature
1785:civilization never fully recovered.
977:
916:), ultimately borrowed from Persian
210:City of Peace (مَدِيْنَةُ السَّلَام)
10001:Thomas, Claire (13 February 2018).
9839:from the original on 31 August 2017
9522:from the original on 19 August 2019
9303:
9203:from the original on 24 August 2011
9190:
9160:Jared Jacang Maher (October 2008).
9068:from the original on 6 October 2014
9003:from the original on 6 October 2014
8711:
8691:
8685:
8659:
8633:
8611:
8435:
8122:
7959:. Defendamerica.mil. Archived from
7907:. Defendamerica.mil. Archived from
7850:. Defendamerica.mil. Archived from
7828:from the original on 31 August 2009
7767:
7568:"World Weather Information Service"
6531:from the original on 21 August 2017
6013:"Abbasid Ceramics: Plan of Baghdad"
5487:from the original on 4 October 2020
5286:from the original on 9 October 2015
5230:
4612:and also includes the famous Iraqi
4025:. On 2 February 2012, Hadid joined
3863:Al Rashid Hotel in Downtown Baghdad
3793:Armenian Orthodox Church of Baghdad
3623:is a shrine that is located in the
3530:community and regularly visited by
2315:Winter temperatures are typical of
2234:assassinated in a U.S. drone strike
1000:
856:the first element can be traced to
658:
24:
13119:8th-century establishments in Asia
10499:
10329:Envisioning Reconstruction In Iraq
10110:
10064:Historical Dictionary of Pyongyang
9024:
8802:"Bosch opens new store in Baghdad"
8771:
8343:. London: Routledge. p. 363.
8142:from the original on 13 April 2018
7933:. csmonitor.com. 5 December 2003.
7383:
7336:
7234:
6189:
6005:
3436:– runs through Baghdad north-south
3304:
1602:in Baghdad (built in 1202 AD)
1340:, which is made out of bricks and
25:
13135:
10273:
9864:"Iraq: A Guide to the Green Zone"
8594:"The Economic History of Baghdad"
7937:from the original on 3 April 2010
7703:from the original on 25 June 2013
7548:from the original on 31 July 2020
7515:from the original on 28 July 2020
7475:"Geert Jan van Oldenborgh @ KNMI"
7003:". Charles Philip Issawi (1988).
6116:. Cologne: Könemann. p. 96.
5569:from the original on 23 July 2022
4735:teams in Iraq, the biggest being
4499:neighborhood at the riverbank of
4362:Iraqi National Symphony Orchestra
4242:Iraqi National Symphony Orchestra
4041:
3510:. Minority ethnic groups include
3374:– runs along the Tigris from the
2252:" and the Western half known as "
2119:was opened in 1982. However, the
2063:. On 31 May, after the resulting
1536:, built in the 14th century as a
1496:contributing to the formation of
450:673 km (260 sq mi)
10933:
10855:
10364:
10349:Man With A Plan: Hisham Ashkouri
10080:
10051:
10025:
9994:
9964:
9939:
9913:
9892:
9886:
9856:
9782:
9760:
9745:
9712:
9651:Owles, Eric (18 December 2008).
9614:
9588:
9564:
9534:
9508:
9495:
9474:
9457:
9443:
9424:Muhsen, Majda; Projects, Zawya.
9417:
9400:
9374:
9360:
9328:
9297:
9271:
9094:. 28 August 2008. Archived from
9088:"'Baghdad Eye' To Draw Tourists"
8872:
8827:Rahman, Fareed (10 March 2022).
8514:
8489:
8410:
8375:
8357:
8332:
8307:
8282:
8154:
8096:
8083:European Union Agency for Asylum
8029:
7993:
7983:"NBC 6 News – 1st Cav Headlines"
7975:
7949:
7923:
7897:
7885:from the original on 15 May 2011
7866:
7840:
7814:
7802:from the original on 5 June 2007
7741:
7661:
6623:from the original on 27 May 2005
6617:"Largest Cities Through History"
6305:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_sim_2891
6263:. Prometheus Books. p. 32.
5736:Wall-Romana, Christophe (1990).
5588:Wall-Romana, Christophe (1990).
5262:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0084
5218:from the original on 21 May 2021
5192:from the original on 27 May 2005
5186:"Largest Cities Through History"
5143:from the original on 14 May 2013
4896:
4876:
4863:
4850:
4706:
4692:
4678:
4664:
4650:
4636:
4622:
4264:Cathedral of Our Lady of Sorrows
4148:operated in Baghdad, including:
3827:
3813:
3799:
3785:
3771:
3760:Sabian–Mandaean Mandi of Baghdad
3687:Cathedral of Our Lady of Sorrows
3598:Islamic State's invasion in 2014
3492:fourth largest metropolitan area
3321:
2268:
2082:On 14 July 1958, members of the
1978:
1963:
1948:
1059:Travels in Asia and Africa, etc.
847:
837:
615:
566:
294:
287:
261:
254:
228:
221:
193:
183:
134:
125:
114:
105:
94:
85:
74:
11550:states with limited recognition
9628:. 29 March 2009. Archived from
9381:Staff Writer; Projects, Zawya.
9229:from the original on 2 May 2014
8161:Kamal, Nesrine (18 June 2016).
7873:Frank, Thomas (26 March 2006).
7631:
7590:
7560:
7497:
7443:
7417:
7403:
7377:
7311:
7286:
7265:
7217:
7168:
7156:from the original on 2 May 2021
7140:
7063:
7050:
7017:
6984:
6965:
6941:
6926:
6887:
6857:
6830:
6811:
6798:
6769:
6757:
6738:
6657:
6635:
6609:
6576:
6543:
6468:
6437:
6400:
6344:
6318:Meri, Josef (12 January 2018).
6311:
6288:
6252:
6215:
6157:Islamic Science and Engineering
6130:
6105:
6067:
6040:
6031:
5978:
5957:
5930:
5897:
5864:
5852:
5834:
5830:. Thomson Gale. pp. 68–69.
5819:
5784:
5742:Journal of Near Eastern Studies
5729:
5636:
5594:Journal of Near Eastern Studies
5581:
5555:. Pontificio Istituto Biblico.
5542:
5499:
5389:
5380:
5345:
5336:
5301:
5268:
4445:Coalition Provisional Authority
4165:
3748:place of pilgrimage by Baha'i's
3484:
3037:Coalition Provisional Authority
3031:which are further divided into
2993:(precipitation days 1976-2008)
1364:to plan the city's design were
1041:For a chronological guide, see
295:
262:
242:Location of Baghdad within Iraq
229:
10896:
9341:Arab Air Carriers Organization
7905:"DefendAmerica News – Article"
7792:"New troops to move into Iraq"
7481:. 11 July 2012. Archived from
7179:. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
7070:Jackson, Iain (2 April 2016).
6644:Largest Cities Through History
6560:10.7551/mitpress/3981.001.0001
5465:. BRILL. 1987. pp. 564–.
5204:
5178:
5078:
5055:
5020:
4999:
4972:
4927:History of the Jews in Baghdad
4475:. During the 1970s and 1980s,
4344:, which was looted during the
4335:UNESCO Creative Cities Network
4197:University of Technology, Iraq
3663:Christian community in Baghdad
2030:British Mandate of Mesopotamia
1873:History of Baghdad (1831–1917)
1760:, a grandson of Chingiz Khan (
1672:. The city has been sieged in
1591:retains an Abbasid-era minaret
1445:began under the second caliph
751:British Mandate of Mesopotamia
13:
1:
10317:– Baghdad government websites
9690:, featuring Lawrence Anthony"
9577:The Christian Science Monitor
9306:"Public Transport in Baghdad"
7115:Historical Dictionary of Iraq
7089:10.1080/13602365.2016.1179662
6937:, Santa Barbara, US: ABC-CLIO
6587:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
6224:The Cambridge History of Iran
6212:. Retrieved 16 February 2019.
5791:Sallaberger, Walther (1999).
5643:Sallaberger, Walther (1999).
5113:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69491-9
4965:
4273:The Baghdad Convention Center
4058:Baghdad International Airport
3005:
1990:
1851:(1469–1508), and the Iranian
1048:
810:Baghdad International Airport
767:severe infrastructural damage
759:independent monarchical state
489:12,000/km (30,000/sq mi)
426:Baghdad City Advisory Council
13084:Assyrian communities in Iraq
9802:. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
9779:. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
9752:Makiya, K.; Al-Khalilm, S.,
9626:International Herald Tribune
9518:. Harvard University Press.
9408:"Baghdad Metro Rail Project"
8208:(in Avestan). Archived from
6900:. Emerald Group Publishing.
5881:University of Oklahoma Press
5738:"An Areal Location of Agade"
5590:"An Areal Location of Agade"
4981:"Baghdad (Madinat al-Salam)"
4583:Al-Habibiyah Jewish Cemetery
4207:Al-Turath University College
4123:Baghdad International School
4113:
3718:Al-Habibiyah Jewish Cemetery
3501:
3424:Bor Saeed (Port Said) Street
2239:
2156:multinational alliance force
2117:Saddam International Airport
1443:Abbasid translation movement
900:is the more archaic form of
7:
13089:Turkmen communities in Iraq
10369:Geographic data related to
10280:Amanat/Mayoralty of Baghdad
10197:The Journal of Architecture
10115:
9972:"عراقٌ انا | الشـناشـيل ج2"
9925:وكالة بغداد اليوم الاخبارية
9833:Abu Hanifa An-Nu'man Mosque
9253:Baghdad Governorate Website
8422:www.washingtoninstitute.org
8339:Fisher, William B. (1978).
8266:(in Arabic). Archived from
7204:The atlas of Jewish history
7119:. Scarecrow Press. p.
7076:The Journal of Architecture
6764:Atlas of the Medieval World
6715:World Cities: –3000 to 2000
6222:Yarshater, E., ed. (1983).
5989:. Thomson Gale. p. 69.
5794:Akkade-Zeit und Ur III-Zeit
5713:(in Arabic). Archived from
5646:Akkade-Zeit und Ur III-Zeit
5314:. Oxford University Press.
5038:Central Intelligence Agency
4889:
3958:South Baghdad Power Station
3675:Assyrian Church of the East
3565:
3378:to 14 July Suspended Bridge
3022:International Space Station
2803:Average precipitation days
2589:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
2449:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
2176:Saddam's statue was toppled
1900:, which did not accept the
1889:, Baghdad continued into a
1561:was founded by the Persian
1522:tales, widely known as the
1519:One Thousand and One Nights
1232:between 767 and 912 AD
1140:, the first capital of the
1012:), which now refers to the
1008:
669:
468: • Estimate
10:
13140:
12333:Georgian-Ossetian conflict
10200:, Volume 17, Issue 3, 2012
8751:TBI المصرف العراقي للتجارة
7246:Susan (10 December 2023).
7177:Remembering for the Future
7038:Cambridge University Press
7005:Oxford University Press US
6818:Central Asian world cities
6407:Pormann, Peter E. (2007).
6259:Ohlig, Karl-Heinz (2013).
6114:Islam Art and Architecture
5842:Times History of the World
4917:List of mosques in Baghdad
4844:Twin towns – sister cities
4724:
4575:Great Synagogue of Baghdad
4459:Unknown Soldier's Monument
4331:Baghdad: The City in Verse
4293:poets and singers such as
4221:
4217:
4138:al-Mustansiriya University
4067:
3899:Iraqi companies including
3842:
3738:, (Prophet Founder of the
3691:Ancient Church of the East
3569:
3419:Muthana al-Shaibani Street
3009:
2997:
2988:
2329:
2284:
2110:, Iraq's main export. New
1994:
1862:
1387:
1155:According to the traveler
1040:
1034:
1030:
753:. With the recognition of
695:, the city is part of the
29:
18:89 official neighbourhoods
12737:
12380:
12374:most-populous urban areas
12310:
11826:Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte
11574:
11560:
11543:
11489:
11169:
11082:
11013:
10942:
10931:
10904:
10853:
10757:
10511:
10497:
10438:
10390:
10385:Links to related articles
10290:30 September 2009 at the
10161:By Desert Ways to Baghdad
10058:Corfield, Justin (2013).
8526:Bahá'í World News Service
8314:Hanoosh, Yasmeen (2019).
6444:HumWest (14 March 2015).
6409:Medieval Islamic medicine
6232:10.1017/chol9780521200929
5985:Corzine, Phyllis (2005).
5904:Tillier, Mathieu (2009).
5826:Corzine, Phyllis (2005).
5214:. National Public Radio.
5007:"Baghdad Population Live"
4714:Abd al-Karim Qasim Museum
4557:districts, spread across
4212:Dijlah University College
4152:École française de Bagdad
3909:Iraq National Oil Company
3681:, along with the largest
3520:Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriacs
3020:Baghdad as seen from the
2941:
2894:
2846:
2802:
2728:
2658:
2588:
2518:
2448:
2378:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
1748:by the Mongols in 1258 CE
1692:and in 1393 and 1401, by
1510:largest city in the world
1085:, and on 30 July 762 the
969:Jewish Babylonian Aramaic
544:
534:
520:
503:
493:
485:
475:
467:
462:
454:
446:
441:
430:
422:
412:
407:
397:
387:
379:
367:
355:
320:
215:
207:
179:
68:
63:
54:
44:
12635:
12577:
12511:
12453:
12329:Abkhaz-Georgian conflict
10217:Pieri, Caecilia (2011).
10204:
10122:A Dweller in Mesopotamia
8258:
8200:
7931:"Democracy from scratch"
7323:ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu
7230:(Print). pp. 13–15.
6664:Bobrick, Benson (2012).
6583:Lyons, Jonathan (2011).
6352:"Sir Henry Lyons, F.R.S"
6204:14 December 2019 at the
6155:Hill, Donald R. (1994).
5171:15 November 2006 at the
5051:(Archived 2020 edition.)
4937:
4932:Battle of Baghdad (2003)
4720:
4610:Renaissance architecture
4451:Grand Festivities Square
4315:Arabic spoken in Baghdad
3991:Baghdad Renaissance Plan
3667:Chaldean Catholic Church
3470:– (Al-Rasheed Camp Road)
3108:(Tisaa Nissan) (9 April)
2200:from 2013 to 2017 and a
2139:residential districts.
2098:, former Prime Minister
1656:Baghdad was captured in
1413:was established in 1963.
1411:Mustansiriyah University
995:When the Abbasid caliph
48:
32:Baghdad (disambiguation)
12731:Arab Capital of Culture
11995:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
10322:22 October 2014 at the
10257:Stanek, Łukasz (2020).
9772:16 January 2018 at the
7384:By (13 November 1998).
7271:Stanek, Łukasz (2020).
6977:18 January 2009 at the
6843:. BRILL. p. 1032.
6823:18 January 2012 at the
6550:Saliba, George (2007).
6362:(3323): 55. July 1933.
6299:(2nd ed.). Brill.
5748:(3): 234–238, 244–245.
5549:Brinkmann J.a. (1968).
5280:Encyclopædia Britannica
5256:(2nd ed.). Brill.
5073:Encyclopædia Britannica
4952:Encyclopedia Britannica
4427:used to be the largest
4399:National Museum of Iraq
4244:performing in July 2007
4232:Café culture of Baghdad
4177:Mustansiriya University
3590:U.S. occupation of Iraq
2218:National Museum of Iraq
2102:, former Regent Prince
1997:Mandate for Mesopotamia
1855:(1508–1534) dynasties.
1795:Turko-Mongol conqueror
1268:. The Sasanian city of
971:name of a place called
815:
458:34 m (112 ft)
13074:Capitals of caliphates
10505:
9794:4 January 2018 at the
9255:. 2010. Archived from
8666:Shane (10 June 2023).
6297:Encyclopaedia of Islam
6186:. New York: Routledge.
5914:10.4000/books.ifpo.673
5871:Wiet, Gastron (1971).
5254:Encyclopaedia of Islam
5067:9 October 2015 at the
4922:List of places in Iraq
4488:
4282:
4274:
4266:
4253:
4245:
4155:Deutsche Schule Bagdad
4125:
3959:
3896:
3864:
3852:
3679:Syriac Orthodox Church
3671:Syriac Catholic Church
3314:
3024:
2236:near Baghdad Airport.
2147:
2017:
1800:
1749:
1603:
1592:
1540:
1441:, especially with the
1414:
1304:
1248:
1233:
1152:
1114:
1069:After the fall of the
1066:
904:, related to Sanskrit
12107:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
11546:Dependent territories
10503:
10354:Behind Baghdad's 9/11
10130:University of Georgia
10007:english.alaraby.co.uk
9413:. Investpromo.gov.iq.
9191:AFP (21 March 2011).
8858:Utilities Middle East
8496:Smith, Peter (2000).
8394:10.1002/9781405166584
8108:Minority Rights Group
6497:10.1096/fj.06-0803ufm
6328:10.4324/9781315162416
5908:. Presses de l'Ifpo.
5355:. Iranicaonline.org.
4579:Meir Taweig Synagogue
4486:
4406:were destroyed under
4378:US occupation of Iraq
4346:2003 invasion of Iraq
4280:
4272:
4259:
4251:
4239:
4172:University of Baghdad
4146:international schools
4142:University of Baghdad
4121:
4064:Planned Baghdad Metro
3957:
3894:
3888:years of instability.
3871:and later during the
3862:
3850:
3835:Meir Taweig Synagogue
3714:Meir Taweig Synagogue
3459:– city center Baghdad
3453:– city center Baghdad
3312:
3019:
2145:
2042:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
2012:
1985:Souk in Baghdad, 1876
1906:Between 1623 and 1638
1904:control of the city.
1877:In 1534, Baghdad was
1791:
1744:
1598:
1587:
1553:two were examples of
1532:
1500:theology, as well as
1397:
1388:Further information:
1298:
1239:
1230:Round City of Baghdad
1227:
1169:Abu Said Bahadur Khan
1150:
1105:
1056:
1014:Round City of Baghdad
522: • Summer (
514:Arabian Standard Time
340:33.31528°N 44.36611°E
12766:United Arab Emirates
12018:United Arab Emirates
11333:United Arab Emirates
10751:Governorates of Iraq
10312:Iraq – Urban Society
10182:on 6 September 2005.
10151:on 6 September 2005.
9870:. 17 December 2006.
9696:. 4 September 2007.
9058:"The New York Times"
8993:"The New York Times"
8977:on 20 December 2008.
8232:"تاریخچه حرم کاظمین"
7989:on 12 December 2007.
7605:on 29 September 2010
7572:worldweather.wmo.int
7149:The Jewish Quarterly
6869:www.historytoday.com
6775:Virani, Shafique N.
6413:Savage-Smith, Emilie
6138:Encyclopædia Iranica
4987:on 16 September 2016
4783:Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya SC
4658:Iraq National Museum
4473:Ismail Fatah Al Turk
4371:ancient civilization
4287:Arab cultural sphere
4134:Mustansiriya Madrasa
3983:Iraqi reconstruction
3921:First Abu Dhabi Bank
3917:Central Bank of Iraq
3750:according to their "
3479:Baghdad Airport Road
3390:Baghdad Airport Road
2379:Record high °C (°F)
2160:U.S invasion of Iraq
1941:Nuttall Encyclopedia
1847:(1411–1469), Turkic
1843:(1400–1411), Turkic
1600:Zumurrud Khatun Tomb
1409:of 1258. The modern
1178:, when it refers to
936:in Iran itself, and
892:, meaning "Given by
742:at the hands of the
550:amanatbaghdad.gov.iq
486: • Density
64:Mayoralty of Baghdad
30:For other uses, see
13124:Planned communities
12325:Status of Jerusalem
12101:Episkopi Cantonment
11854:Bandar Seri Begawan
10589:Al-Hurriya, Baghdad
10539:Al-Amin al-Thaniyah
9663:on 21 December 2008
9430:metrorailtoday.com/
9123:New York Daily News
7963:on 28 December 2008
7911:on 27 December 2008
7854:on 28 December 2008
7824:. Defenselink.mil.
7645:. Bangkokpost.com.
7574:. 26 October 2016.
7541:The Washington Post
7427:. 21 January 2021.
7056:Cetinsaya, Gokhan.
7031:13 May 2016 at the
6954:7 June 2011 at the
6732:20 May 2007 at the
6651:27 May 2005 at the
6641:Matt T. Rosenberg,
6368:1933Natur.132S..55.
6143:Columbia University
5717:on 29 December 2013
5600:(3): 205–245, 244.
5097:(9545): 1421–1428.
4767:
4598:Haydar-Khana Mosque
4516:World Heritage Site
4465:Al-Shaheed Monument
4319:The Arabic Language
3949:Saudi National Bank
3779:Al-Kadhimiya Mosque
3621:Masjid Al-Kadhimain
3457:Al-Jumhuriya Street
2659:Record low °C (°F)
2519:Daily mean °C (°F)
2317:hot desert climates
1780:forming the city's
1746:Conquest of Baghdad
1629:were a clan of the
1288:profession called "
1043:Timeline of Baghdad
705:second-largest city
697:Baghdad Governorate
437:Ammar Moussa Kadhum
336: /
169:Al-Kazimiyya Mosque
147:Aerial view of the
13064:762 establishments
13001:State of Palestine
12888:State of Palestine
12386:
10506:
10194:by Lukasz Stanek,
9951:www.algardenia.com
9893:جواد, قحطان جاسم.
9729:Thomas Dunne Books
9657:The New York Times
9632:on 10 October 2017
9584:on 28 August 2009.
9126:. 27 August 2008.
9098:on 14 October 2012
9062:The New York Times
8997:The New York Times
8947:www.britannica.com
8808:. 22 December 2022
8692:Travers, Alannah.
8264:www.aljawadain.org
8206:www.aljawadain.org
7252:Unofficial Royalty
6998:4 May 2016 at the
6962:25 April 2005. p.5
6751:Taylor and Francis
5987:The Islamic Empire
5828:The Islamic Empire
5033:The World Factbook
4956:2006 Lancet Report
4766:
4489:
4443:, Director of the
4392:Sights of interest
4283:
4275:
4267:
4254:
4246:
4192:Albayan University
4187:Nahrain University
4126:
3987:Hisham N. Ashkouri
3960:
3913:Trade Bank of Iraq
3897:
3865:
3853:
3683:Armenian Apostolic
3361:– stretching from
3315:
3025:
2291:hot desert climate
2164:significant damage
2148:
2108:price of petroleum
2018:
1937:Mehmed Namık Pasha
1801:
1750:
1604:
1593:
1550:Sabur ibn Ardashir
1541:
1468:, and philosopher
1415:
1390:Islamic Golden Age
1305:
1249:
1234:
1153:
1134:Salman the Persian
1115:
1067:
1065:, British Library)
1037:History of Baghdad
860:and is related to
736:Islamic Golden Age
676:[baɣˈdaːd]
447: • Total
345:33.31528; 44.36611
39:Metropolis in Iraq
13046:
13045:
13040:
13039:
12697:
12696:
12692:
12691:
12339:
12338:
12305:
12304:
11739:Camp Thunder Cove
11502:
11501:
11484:
11483:
11418:
11402:
11128:
11127:
10864:
10863:
10717:
10716:
10267:978-0-691-19455-4
10228:978-977-416-356-2
10073:978-0-85728-234-7
9899:www.aljazeera.net
9738:978-0-312-35832-7
9453:. Railwaygazette.
9285:. 13 October 2023
8917:rawabetcenter.com
8772:Dudley, Dominic.
8672:Rocky Road Travel
8621:. 25 October 2022
8507:978-1-85168-184-6
8403:978-1-4051-6658-4
8369:www.gcatholic.org
8350:978-0-416-71520-0
8270:on 13 August 2009
8212:on 13 August 2009
8110:. 6 November 2017
7729:on 6 January 2012
7509:www.infoclimat.fr
7281:978-0-691-19455-4
7212:978-0-688-12264-5
7186:978-0-333-80486-5
7130:978-0-8108-6568-6
7046:978-0-521-57455-6
7013:978-0-19-504951-0
6907:978-0-444-53243-5
6850:978-90-04-09419-2
6827:, George Modelski
6804:Daftary, Farhad.
6791:Daftary, Farhad.
6723:978-0-9676230-1-6
6675:978-1-4165-6762-2
6594:978-1-60819-190-1
6569:978-0-262-28288-8
6490:(10): 1581–1586.
6484:The FASEB Journal
6422:978-1-58901-160-1
6337:978-1-315-16241-6
6270:978-1-61614-825-6
6241:978-1-139-05494-2
6166:978-0-7486-0457-9
6123:978-3-8290-2558-4
5950:978-90-04-15388-2
5923:978-2-35159-028-7
5890:978-0-8061-0922-0
5804:978-3-7278-1210-1
5656:978-3-7278-1210-1
5562:978-88-7653-243-6
5523:978-1-135-59094-9
5472:978-90-04-08265-6
5434:978-90-04-08265-6
5329:978-0-19-188291-3
5036:(2024 ed.).
4841:
4840:
4836:Iraq Stars League
4821:Iraq Stars League
4806:Iraq Stars League
4791:Iraq Stars League
4741:Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya
4733:football (soccer)
4589:Al-Rasheed Street
4563:Al-Sa'doun Street
4539:(the Great Imam).
4261:Chaldean Catholic
4029:at a ceremony in
3929:Robert Bosch GmbH
3764:Baba Nanak Shrine
3698:Al-Sa'doun Street
3550:, vandalism, and
3451:Al-Rasheed Street
3376:Jumhouriya Bridge
3363:Liberation Square
3359:Al-Sa'doun Street
3348:Yarmouk (Baghdad)
3002:
3001:
2944:ultraviolet index
2849:relative humidity
2088:Abdul-Karim Qasim
2046:a coup in Baghdad
2014:Al-Shabandar Café
1891:period of decline
1625:(1055–1135). The
1589:Al-Khulafa mosque
1113:circa 807 Baghdad
1006:
785:, resulting in a
777:, the subsequent
724:Abbasid Caliphate
691:. Located on the
667:
559:
558:
476: • Rank
423: • Body
413: • Type
311:Show map of Earth
157:Republican Palace
16:(Redirected from
13131:
13069:Capitals in Asia
12724:
12717:
12710:
12701:
12700:
12543:Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto
12538:Ho Chi Minh City
12383:
12382:
12366:
12359:
12352:
12343:
12342:
11893:Christmas Island
11887:Flying Fish Cove
11563:
11562:
11529:
11522:
11515:
11506:
11505:
11416:
11400:
11172:
11171:
11155:
11148:
11141:
11132:
11131:
10937:
10891:
10884:
10877:
10868:
10867:
10859:
10744:
10737:
10730:
10721:
10720:
10417:
10410:
10403:
10394:
10393:
10381:
10380:
10368:
10367:
10232:
10187:
10183:
10181:
10175:. Archived from
10174:
10156:
10152:
10150:
10144:. Archived from
10143:
10104:
10103:
10101:
10099:
10084:
10078:
10077:
10055:
10049:
10048:
10046:
10044:
10029:
10023:
10022:
10020:
10018:
9998:
9992:
9991:
9989:
9987:
9968:
9962:
9961:
9959:
9957:
9943:
9937:
9936:
9934:
9932:
9917:
9911:
9910:
9908:
9906:
9890:
9884:
9883:
9881:
9879:
9860:
9854:
9848:
9846:
9844:
9824:
9818:
9817:
9809:
9803:
9786:
9780:
9764:
9758:
9757:
9749:
9743:
9742:
9726:
9716:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9705:
9682:
9673:
9672:
9670:
9668:
9659:. Archived from
9648:
9642:
9641:
9639:
9637:
9618:
9612:
9611:
9609:
9607:
9592:
9586:
9585:
9580:. Archived from
9568:
9562:
9561:
9559:
9557:
9538:
9532:
9531:
9529:
9527:
9512:
9506:
9499:
9493:
9478:
9472:
9461:
9455:
9454:
9447:
9441:
9440:
9438:
9436:
9421:
9415:
9414:
9412:
9404:
9398:
9397:
9395:
9393:
9378:
9372:
9371:
9364:
9358:
9357:
9355:
9353:
9344:. Archived from
9332:
9326:
9325:
9323:
9321:
9312:. Archived from
9301:
9295:
9294:
9292:
9290:
9275:
9269:
9268:
9266:
9264:
9259:on 23 March 2010
9245:
9239:
9238:
9236:
9234:
9219:
9213:
9212:
9210:
9208:
9188:
9182:
9181:
9179:
9177:
9157:
9151:
9146:
9140:
9139:
9137:
9135:
9114:
9108:
9107:
9105:
9103:
9084:
9078:
9077:
9075:
9073:
9053:
9047:
9046:
9044:
9042:
9025:Yacoub, Sameer.
9022:
9013:
9012:
9010:
9008:
8988:
8979:
8978:
8973:. Archived from
8967:
8958:
8957:
8955:
8953:
8939:
8928:
8927:
8925:
8923:
8909:
8896:
8895:
8893:
8891:
8876:
8870:
8869:
8867:
8865:
8860:. 7 October 2010
8850:
8844:
8843:
8841:
8839:
8824:
8818:
8817:
8815:
8813:
8798:
8789:
8788:
8786:
8784:
8769:
8763:
8762:
8760:
8758:
8743:
8737:
8736:
8734:
8732:
8726:Mutanabbi Street
8718:
8709:
8708:
8706:
8704:
8689:
8683:
8682:
8680:
8678:
8663:
8657:
8656:
8654:
8652:
8637:
8631:
8630:
8628:
8626:
8615:
8609:
8608:
8606:
8604:
8590:
8567:
8566:
8564:
8562:
8551:
8542:
8541:
8539:
8537:
8528:. 28 June 2013.
8518:
8512:
8511:
8493:
8487:
8482:
8473:
8472:
8470:
8468:
8454:
8433:
8432:
8430:
8428:
8414:
8408:
8407:
8379:
8373:
8372:
8361:
8355:
8354:
8336:
8330:
8329:
8311:
8305:
8304:
8286:
8280:
8279:
8277:
8275:
8254:
8248:
8247:
8245:
8243:
8238:on 10 March 2018
8228:
8222:
8221:
8219:
8217:
8196:
8183:
8182:
8180:
8178:
8158:
8152:
8151:
8149:
8147:
8131:
8120:
8119:
8117:
8115:
8100:
8094:
8093:
8091:
8089:
8075:
8052:
8051:
8049:
8047:
8033:
8027:
8026:
8024:
8022:
8017:on 29 April 2014
8016:
8010:. Archived from
8005:
7997:
7991:
7990:
7985:. Archived from
7979:
7973:
7972:
7970:
7968:
7953:
7947:
7946:
7944:
7942:
7927:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7916:
7901:
7895:
7894:
7892:
7890:
7870:
7864:
7863:
7861:
7859:
7844:
7838:
7837:
7835:
7833:
7818:
7812:
7811:
7809:
7807:
7788:
7765:
7764:
7762:
7760:
7745:
7739:
7738:
7736:
7734:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7693:
7687:
7686:
7684:
7682:
7673:
7665:
7659:
7658:
7656:
7654:
7635:
7629:
7628:
7622:
7614:
7612:
7610:
7601:. Archived from
7594:
7588:
7587:
7585:
7583:
7564:
7558:
7557:
7555:
7553:
7531:
7525:
7524:
7522:
7520:
7501:
7495:
7494:
7492:
7490:
7471:
7462:
7461:
7459:
7457:
7447:
7441:
7440:
7438:
7436:
7421:
7415:
7414:
7407:
7401:
7400:
7398:
7396:
7381:
7375:
7374:
7372:
7370:
7347:
7334:
7333:
7331:
7329:
7315:
7309:
7308:
7306:
7304:
7290:
7284:
7269:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7258:
7243:
7232:
7231:
7221:
7215:
7197:
7191:
7190:
7172:
7166:
7165:
7163:
7161:
7144:
7138:
7137:
7118:
7108:
7102:
7101:
7091:
7067:
7061:
7054:
7048:
7021:
7015:
6988:
6982:
6969:
6963:
6945:
6939:
6938:
6930:
6924:
6923:
6921:
6919:
6891:
6885:
6884:
6882:
6880:
6861:
6855:
6854:
6834:
6828:
6815:
6809:
6802:
6796:
6789:
6780:
6773:
6767:
6761:
6755:
6754:
6742:
6736:
6708:
6702:
6695:
6680:
6679:
6661:
6655:
6639:
6633:
6632:
6630:
6628:
6613:
6607:
6606:
6580:
6574:
6573:
6547:
6541:
6540:
6538:
6536:
6530:
6499:
6481:
6472:
6466:
6465:
6463:
6461:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6404:
6398:
6397:
6379:
6377:10.1038/132055c0
6348:
6342:
6341:
6315:
6309:
6308:
6292:
6286:
6285:
6256:
6250:
6249:
6219:
6213:
6196:
6187:
6180:
6171:
6170:
6152:
6146:
6134:
6128:
6127:
6109:
6103:
6097:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6086:
6071:
6065:
6059:
6050:
6044:
6038:
6035:
6029:
6028:
6026:
6024:
6019:on 25 March 2003
6015:. Archived from
6009:
6003:
5997:
5991:
5990:
5982:
5976:
5970:
5964:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5934:
5928:
5927:
5901:
5895:
5894:
5878:
5868:
5862:
5856:
5850:
5849:
5838:
5832:
5831:
5823:
5817:
5816:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5733:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5701:
5695:
5694:
5692:
5690:
5675:
5669:
5668:
5640:
5634:
5633:
5585:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5546:
5540:
5539:
5537:
5535:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5492:
5457:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5446:
5419:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5393:
5387:
5384:
5378:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5364:
5349:
5343:
5340:
5334:
5333:
5305:
5299:
5298:
5293:
5291:
5272:
5266:
5265:
5249:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5208:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5197:
5182:
5176:
5163:
5157:
5156:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5106:
5082:
5076:
5059:
5053:
5048:
5046:
5044:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5003:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4976:
4959:
4948:
4906:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4881:
4880:
4868:
4867:
4855:
4854:
4768:
4765:
4753:Al-Shaab Stadium
4710:
4696:
4682:
4668:
4654:
4640:
4626:
4559:Al-Rashid Street
4537:al-Imām al-Aʿẓam
4505:Mutanabbi Street
4437:Lawrence Anthony
4414:Mutanabbi Street
4404:National Library
4342:National Theater
4307:Salah Al-Hamdani
4182:Iraqi University
4027:Sinan al-Shabibi
4023:Sinan al-Shabibi
3937:General Electric
3885:Mutanabbi street
3831:
3817:
3807:Al-Sarrai Mosque
3803:
3789:
3775:
3720:is located near
3640:Muhammad at-Taqi
3625:Kādhimayn suburb
3572:Religion in Iraq
3468:Tariq al-Muaskar
3446:Al Nidhal Street
3409:14th July Street
3395:Mutanabbi Street
3372:Abu Nuwas Street
3329:Mutanabbi Street
3325:
3313:Abu Nuwas Street
2327:
2326:
2272:
2222:National Library
2206:suicide bombings
2168:coalition forces
2016:in Baghdad, 1923
1982:
1967:
1952:
1766:siege of Baghdad
1506:Quranic exegesis
1464:, mathematician
1462:Hunayn ibn Ishaq
1323:; named because
1011:
1009:Madīnat as-Salām
1005:romanized:
1004:
1002:
980:
979:
955:that existed in
932:in Afghanistan,
851:
841:
775:invasion of Iraq
686:
685:
684:
678:
672:
662:
660:
650:
644:
643:
640:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
609:
604:
603:
602:
601:
594:
591:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
555:
552:
527:
392:Caliph al-Mansur
351:
350:
348:
347:
346:
341:
337:
334:
333:
332:
329:
312:
298:
297:
291:
279:
278:Show map of Asia
265:
264:
258:
246:
245:Show map of Iraq
232:
231:
225:
197:
187:
165:Mutanabbi Street
145:Top-bottom, L-R:
138:
129:
118:
109:
98:
89:
78:
42:
41:
21:
13139:
13138:
13134:
13133:
13132:
13130:
13129:
13128:
13099:Culture of Iraq
13049:
13048:
13047:
13042:
13041:
13036:
12733:
12728:
12698:
12693:
12688:
12687:
12630:
12629:
12572:
12571:
12506:
12505:
12448:
12447:
12376:
12370:
12340:
12335:
12315:Disputed. See:
12306:
12301:
12189:Northern Cyprus
12153:
12005:
11846:
11731:
11717:
11642:
11556:
11539:
11533:
11503:
11498:
11485:
11480:
11479:
11421:
11407:
11319:
11318:
11238:
11165:
11159:
11129:
11124:
11078:
11009:
10938:
10929:
10900:
10895:
10865:
10860:
10851:
10753:
10748:
10718:
10713:
10664:Hayy Al-Shurtta
10634:Raghiba Khatoun
10507:
10495:
10434:
10421:
10386:
10365:
10324:Wayback Machine
10307:Interactive map
10292:Wayback Machine
10276:
10229:
10207:
10185:
10179:
10172:
10168:
10154:
10148:
10141:
10137:
10118:
10113:
10111:Further reading
10108:
10107:
10097:
10095:
10086:
10085:
10081:
10074:
10060:"Sister Cities"
10056:
10052:
10042:
10040:
10031:
10030:
10026:
10016:
10014:
9999:
9995:
9985:
9983:
9982:on 14 June 2023
9970:
9969:
9965:
9955:
9953:
9945:
9944:
9940:
9930:
9928:
9919:
9918:
9914:
9904:
9902:
9891:
9887:
9877:
9875:
9862:
9861:
9857:
9842:
9840:
9825:
9821:
9810:
9806:
9796:Wayback Machine
9787:
9783:
9774:Wayback Machine
9765:
9761:
9750:
9746:
9739:
9717:
9713:
9703:
9701:
9684:
9683:
9676:
9666:
9664:
9649:
9645:
9635:
9633:
9620:
9619:
9615:
9605:
9603:
9602:on 27 June 2010
9594:
9593:
9589:
9570:
9569:
9565:
9555:
9553:
9540:
9539:
9535:
9525:
9523:
9514:
9513:
9509:
9500:
9496:
9479:
9475:
9462:
9458:
9449:
9448:
9444:
9434:
9432:
9422:
9418:
9410:
9406:
9405:
9401:
9391:
9389:
9379:
9375:
9366:
9365:
9361:
9351:
9349:
9336:"Iraqi Airways"
9334:
9333:
9329:
9319:
9317:
9316:on 17 July 2023
9302:
9298:
9288:
9286:
9277:
9276:
9272:
9262:
9260:
9247:
9246:
9242:
9232:
9230:
9221:
9220:
9216:
9206:
9204:
9189:
9185:
9175:
9173:
9158:
9154:
9147:
9143:
9133:
9131:
9116:
9115:
9111:
9101:
9099:
9086:
9085:
9081:
9071:
9069:
9054:
9050:
9040:
9038:
9023:
9016:
9006:
9004:
8989:
8982:
8969:
8968:
8961:
8951:
8949:
8941:
8940:
8931:
8921:
8919:
8911:
8910:
8899:
8889:
8887:
8878:
8877:
8873:
8863:
8861:
8852:
8851:
8847:
8837:
8835:
8825:
8821:
8811:
8809:
8800:
8799:
8792:
8782:
8780:
8770:
8766:
8756:
8754:
8745:
8744:
8740:
8730:
8728:
8720:
8719:
8712:
8702:
8700:
8690:
8686:
8676:
8674:
8664:
8660:
8650:
8648:
8647:. 27 March 2022
8639:
8638:
8634:
8624:
8622:
8617:
8616:
8612:
8602:
8600:
8592:
8591:
8570:
8560:
8558:
8552:
8545:
8535:
8533:
8520:
8519:
8515:
8508:
8494:
8490:
8483:
8476:
8466:
8464:
8456:
8455:
8436:
8426:
8424:
8416:
8415:
8411:
8404:
8380:
8376:
8363:
8362:
8358:
8351:
8337:
8333:
8326:
8312:
8308:
8301:
8287:
8283:
8273:
8271:
8260:
8256:
8255:
8251:
8241:
8239:
8230:
8229:
8225:
8215:
8213:
8202:
8198:
8197:
8186:
8176:
8174:
8159:
8155:
8145:
8143:
8132:
8123:
8113:
8111:
8102:
8101:
8097:
8087:
8085:
8077:
8076:
8055:
8045:
8043:
8035:
8034:
8030:
8020:
8018:
8014:
8003:
7999:
7998:
7994:
7981:
7980:
7976:
7966:
7964:
7955:
7954:
7950:
7940:
7938:
7929:
7928:
7924:
7914:
7912:
7903:
7902:
7898:
7888:
7886:
7871:
7867:
7857:
7855:
7846:
7845:
7841:
7831:
7829:
7820:
7819:
7815:
7805:
7803:
7790:
7789:
7768:
7758:
7756:
7747:
7746:
7742:
7732:
7730:
7721:
7720:
7716:
7706:
7704:
7695:
7694:
7690:
7680:
7678:
7671:
7667:
7666:
7662:
7652:
7650:
7637:
7636:
7632:
7616:
7615:
7608:
7606:
7595:
7591:
7581:
7579:
7566:
7565:
7561:
7551:
7549:
7532:
7528:
7518:
7516:
7503:
7502:
7498:
7488:
7486:
7485:on 11 July 2012
7473:
7472:
7465:
7455:
7453:
7449:
7448:
7444:
7434:
7432:
7423:
7422:
7418:
7413:. 30 June 2003.
7409:
7408:
7404:
7394:
7392:
7382:
7378:
7368:
7366:
7348:
7337:
7327:
7325:
7317:
7316:
7312:
7302:
7300:
7292:
7291:
7287:
7270:
7266:
7256:
7254:
7244:
7235:
7222:
7218:
7198:
7194:
7187:
7173:
7169:
7159:
7157:
7146:
7145:
7141:
7131:
7109:
7105:
7068:
7064:
7055:
7051:
7033:Wayback Machine
7022:
7018:
7000:Wayback Machine
6989:
6985:
6979:Wayback Machine
6970:
6966:
6956:Wayback Machine
6946:
6942:
6931:
6927:
6917:
6915:
6908:
6892:
6888:
6878:
6876:
6863:
6862:
6858:
6851:
6835:
6831:
6825:Wayback Machine
6816:
6812:
6803:
6799:
6790:
6783:
6774:
6770:
6762:
6758:
6743:
6739:
6734:Wayback Machine
6711:George Modelski
6709:
6705:
6696:
6683:
6676:
6662:
6658:
6653:Wayback Machine
6640:
6636:
6626:
6624:
6615:
6614:
6610:
6595:
6581:
6577:
6570:
6548:
6544:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6479:
6473:
6469:
6459:
6457:
6450:Humanities West
6442:
6438:
6423:
6405:
6401:
6350:
6349:
6345:
6338:
6316:
6312:
6293:
6289:
6271:
6257:
6253:
6242:
6220:
6216:
6206:Wayback Machine
6197:
6190:
6181:
6174:
6167:
6153:
6149:
6135:
6131:
6124:
6110:
6106:
6098:
6094:
6084:
6082:
6073:
6072:
6068:
6060:
6053:
6045:
6041:
6036:
6032:
6022:
6020:
6011:
6010:
6006:
5998:
5994:
5983:
5979:
5971:
5967:
5963:Battuta, pg. 75
5962:
5958:
5951:
5935:
5931:
5924:
5902:
5898:
5891:
5869:
5865:
5857:
5853:
5840:
5839:
5835:
5824:
5820:
5805:
5789:
5785:
5734:
5730:
5720:
5718:
5703:
5702:
5698:
5688:
5686:
5685:on 13 July 2012
5677:
5676:
5672:
5657:
5641:
5637:
5586:
5582:
5572:
5570:
5563:
5547:
5543:
5533:
5531:
5524:
5504:
5500:
5490:
5488:
5473:
5459:
5458:
5454:
5444:
5442:
5435:
5427:. BRILL. 1987.
5421:
5420:
5416:
5406:
5404:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5385:
5381:
5376:
5372:
5362:
5360:
5351:
5350:
5346:
5341:
5337:
5330:
5306:
5302:
5289:
5287:
5274:
5273:
5269:
5250:
5231:
5221:
5219:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5195:
5193:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5173:Wayback Machine
5164:
5160:
5154:
5146:
5144:
5083:
5079:
5069:Wayback Machine
5060:
5056:
5042:
5040:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5011:
5009:
5005:
5004:
5000:
4990:
4988:
4977:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4962:
4949:
4945:
4940:
4902:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4875:
4862:
4849:
4846:
4729:
4723:
4716:
4711:
4702:
4697:
4688:
4686:Al-Salam Palace
4683:
4674:
4672:Al-Zawra'a Park
4669:
4660:
4655:
4646:
4644:Baghdadi Museum
4641:
4632:
4627:
4553:, At-Turat and
4429:zoological park
4394:
4311:Ilham al-Madfai
4234:
4224:Culture of Iraq
4220:
4168:
4130:House of Wisdom
4116:
4072:
4066:
4044:
3881:Baghdadi Museum
3851:Palestine Hotel
3845:
3838:
3832:
3823:
3818:
3809:
3804:
3795:
3790:
3781:
3776:
3756:Iraqi Mandaeans
3727:
3574:
3568:
3504:
3487:
3463:Falastin Street
3434:Al-Qanat Street
3386:Damascus Square
3382:Damascus Street
3335:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3307:
3305:Notable streets
3302:
3268:Raghiba Khatoun
3243:Hayy Al-Shurtta
3014:
3008:
3003:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2287:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2273:
2242:
2230:Qasem Soleimani
2172:fall of Baghdad
2146:Baghdad in 2022
2065:Anglo-Iraqi War
2034:Kingdom of Iraq
2007:
2001:Kingdom of Iraq
1993:
1986:
1983:
1974:
1971:Baghdad Vilayet
1968:
1959:
1953:
1875:
1869:Baghdad Vilayet
1861:
1621:(945–1055) and
1582:
1490:Arab Christians
1407:Mongol invasion
1392:
1386:
1301:Carsten Niebuhr
1188:Naubakht Ahvazi
1142:Seleucid Empire
1111:Harun al-Rashid
1051:
1046:
1039:
1033:
818:
732:House of Wisdom
680:
679:
648:
618:
614:
607:
597:
596:
569:
565:
553:
548:
540:
521:
344:
342:
338:
335:
330:
327:
325:
323:
322:
316:
315:
314:
313:
310:
309:
308:Baghdad (Earth)
306:
305:
304:
303:
299:
282:
281:
280:
277:
276:
273:
272:
271:
270:
266:
249:
248:
247:
244:
243:
240:
239:
238:
237:
233:
211:
208:Nickname:
203:
202:
201:
200:
191:
190:
175:
146:
143:
142:
141:
140:
139:
131:
130:
121:
120:
119:
111:
110:
101:
100:
99:
91:
90:
81:
80:
79:
59:
50:
47:
40:
35:
28:
27:Capital of Iraq
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
13137:
13127:
13126:
13121:
13116:
13111:
13106:
13101:
13096:
13091:
13086:
13081:
13079:Cities in Iraq
13076:
13071:
13066:
13061:
13044:
13043:
13038:
13037:
13035:
13034:
13024:
13014:
13004:
12994:
12984:
12974:
12964:
12954:
12944:
12934:
12924:
12914:
12904:
12891:
12878:
12865:
12852:
12839:
12829:
12819:
12809:
12799:
12789:
12779:
12769:
12759:
12749:
12738:
12735:
12734:
12727:
12726:
12719:
12712:
12704:
12695:
12694:
12690:
12689:
12686:
12685:
12680:
12675:
12670:
12665:
12660:
12655:
12650:
12645:
12640:
12634:
12633:
12631:
12628:
12627:
12622:
12617:
12612:
12607:
12602:
12597:
12592:
12590:Rio de Janeiro
12587:
12582:
12576:
12575:
12573:
12570:
12569:
12560:
12555:
12550:
12545:
12540:
12535:
12530:
12525:
12516:
12510:
12509:
12507:
12504:
12503:
12498:
12493:
12488:
12483:
12478:
12473:
12468:
12463:
12458:
12452:
12451:
12449:
12446:
12445:
12440:
12435:
12430:
12425:
12420:
12415:
12406:
12401:
12396:
12390:
12389:
12387:
12381:
12378:
12377:
12369:
12368:
12361:
12354:
12346:
12337:
12336:
12321:Cyprus dispute
12311:
12308:
12307:
12303:
12302:
12300:
12299:
12288:
12272:
12261:
12250:
12234:
12223:
12212:
12195:
12179:
12168:
12156:
12154:
12152:
12151:
12140:
12129:
12115:
12097:
12086:
12075:
12064:
12053:
12042:
12031:
12020:
12008:
12006:
12004:
12003:
11985:
11974:
11967:
11956:
11945:
11934:
11923:
11912:
11901:
11883:
11872:
11861:
11849:
11847:
11845:
11844:
11833:
11822:
11811:
11800:
11789:
11778:
11767:
11756:
11734:
11732:
11730:
11729:
11713:
11712:
11711:
11700:
11689:
11676:
11665:
11654:
11638:
11637:
11636:
11625:
11614:
11603:
11592:
11580:
11577:
11576:
11573:
11572:Southeast Asia
11570:
11567:
11561:
11558:
11557:
11544:
11541:
11540:
11532:
11531:
11524:
11517:
11509:
11500:
11499:
11497:
11496:
11490:
11487:
11486:
11482:
11481:
11478:
11477:
11466:
11455:
11444:
11433:
11422:
11420:
11419:
11408:
11392:
11390:
11379:
11368:
11357:
11346:
11335:
11323:
11322:
11320:
11317:
11316:
11305:
11294:
11283:
11272:
11261:
11250:
11239:
11237:
11236:
11222:
11219:
11218:
11207:
11196:
11184:
11183:
11180:
11179:
11176:
11170:
11167:
11166:
11163:Arab countries
11158:
11157:
11150:
11143:
11135:
11126:
11125:
11123:
11122:
11117:
11112:
11107:
11102:
11097:
11092:
11086:
11084:
11080:
11079:
11077:
11076:
11071:
11066:
11061:
11056:
11051:
11046:
11043:
11040:
11037:
11032:
11029:
11026:
11023:
11019:
11017:
11011:
11010:
11008:
11007:
11002:
10997:
10992:
10987:
10982:
10977:
10972:
10967:
10962:
10957:
10952:
10946:
10944:
10940:
10939:
10932:
10930:
10928:
10927:
10921:
10915:
10908:
10906:
10902:
10901:
10894:
10893:
10886:
10879:
10871:
10862:
10861:
10854:
10852:
10850:
10849:
10844:
10839:
10834:
10829:
10824:
10819:
10814:
10809:
10804:
10799:
10794:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10774:
10769:
10764:
10758:
10755:
10754:
10747:
10746:
10739:
10732:
10724:
10715:
10714:
10712:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10686:
10681:
10676:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10646:
10641:
10636:
10631:
10626:
10621:
10616:
10611:
10606:
10604:Hayy Al-Jami'a
10601:
10596:
10591:
10586:
10581:
10576:
10571:
10566:
10561:
10556:
10551:
10549:Bab Al-Moatham
10546:
10541:
10536:
10531:
10526:
10521:
10519:Hayy Al-A'amel
10515:
10513:
10509:
10508:
10498:
10496:
10494:
10493:
10488:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10463:
10458:
10453:
10448:
10442:
10440:
10439:Main districts
10436:
10435:
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10285:Map of Baghdad
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9225:. Iraqi News.
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7082:(3): 375–417.
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10512:Neighborhoods
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10504:Baghdad above
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10491:Al-Za'franiya
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10261:. Princeton.
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10240:Gertrude Bell
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9816:. p. 29.
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8104:"Faili kurds"
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7390:Baltimore Sun
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7275:. Princeton.
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6947:Ian Frazier,
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6119:
6115:
6108:
6102:, p. 15.
6101:
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6058:
6056:
6048:
6043:
6034:
6018:
6014:
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6002:, p. 12.
6001:
5996:
5988:
5981:
5975:, p. 13.
5974:
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5763:
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5716:
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5711:
5710:Google Ejabat
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5155:(110 KB)
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4872:, North Korea
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4743:(Air Force),
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4728:
4727:Sport in Iraq
4715:
4709:
4704:
4701:
4700:Al-Faw Palace
4695:
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4543:Firdos Square
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4533:Al-Aʿẓamiyyah
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4487:Qushla Square
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4469:Iran–Iraq War
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4295:Nizar Qabbani
4292:
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4140:in 1963. The
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4105:
4101:
4097:
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4092:Deutsche Bank
4088:
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4070:Baghdad Metro
4061:
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4054:Iraqi Airways
4051:
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4007:Iraqi-British
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3869:Iraq-Iran war
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3632:Shi'ite Imams
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3594:2013–2017 war
3591:
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3563:
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3557:
3553:
3549:
3548:death threats
3545:
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3509:
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3474:Akhrot street
3472:
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3429:Thawra Street
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3220:Hayy Al-Jihad
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3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3190:Al-Za'franiya
3188:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3173:Al-Mahmudiyah
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3033:sub-districts
3030:
3023:
3018:
3013:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:Mean monthly
2893:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2732:
2731:precipitation
2727:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2377:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2277:
2271:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2181:
2180:Firdos Square
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2144:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2121:Iran–Iraq War
2118:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1833:Ahmad Jalayir
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1817:Ahmad Jalayir
1814:
1810:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1793:Central Asian
1790:
1786:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1647:Buyid dynasty
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1586:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1564:
1563:Nizam al-Mulk
1560:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1456:Baytul-Hikmah
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1398:Courtyard of
1396:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1372:, a Jew from
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1358:Arabic script
1355:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1291:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1044:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1010:
998:
993:
991:
987:
982:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
882:
877:
873:
870:
866:
863:
859:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
831:
826:
824:
813:
811:
807:
803:
799:
794:
792:
791:Islamic State
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
747:
745:
744:Mongol Empire
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
701:Islamic world
698:
694:
690:
683:
677:
671:
665:
656:
652:
651:
642:
612:
611:
600:
593:
563:
551:
547:
543:
537:
533:
529:
525:
519:
515:
511:
508:
506:
502:
498:
496:
492:
488:
484:
481:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
440:
436:
434:
431: •
429:
425:
421:
418:
417:Mayor–council
415:
411:
406:
403:
400:
396:
393:
390:
386:
382:
378:
375:
372:
370:
366:
363:
360:
358:
354:
349:
321:Coordinates:
319:
290:
257:
224:
214:
206:
196:
186:
178:
174:
173:Al-Faw Palace
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
137:
128:
117:
108:
97:
88:
77:
67:
62:
58:
53:
43:
37:
33:
19:
12926:
12786:Saudi Arabia
12519:Johannesburg
12501:Buenos Aires
12312:
12290:
12285:
12280:
12274:
12263:
12252:
12247:
12242:
12236:
12225:
12221:Saudi Arabia
12214:
12209:
12203:
12197:
12192:
12187:
12181:
12170:
12159:
12142:
12131:
12126:
12117:
12105:
12099:
12088:
12077:
12066:
12055:
12045:
12044:
12033:
12022:
12011:
11993:
11987:
11976:
11969:
11958:
11947:
11936:
11927:Kuala Lumpur
11925:
11914:
11903:
11891:
11885:
11874:
11863:
11852:
11835:
11824:
11813:
11802:
11791:
11780:
11769:
11758:
11753:
11743:
11737:
11720:
11714:
11702:
11691:
11684:
11678:
11667:
11656:
11645:
11639:
11627:
11616:
11605:
11594:
11590:Turkmenistan
11583:
11566:Central Asia
11553:
11468:
11464:Saudi Arabia
11457:
11446:
11435:
11424:
11411:
11401:(proclaimed)
11395:
11381:
11370:
11359:
11349:
11348:
11337:
11326:
11307:
11296:
11285:
11274:
11263:
11252:
11241:
11231:
11225:
11209:
11198:
11187:
11161:Capitals of
10989:
10842:Sulaymaniyah
10599:Haydar-Khana
10579:Haifa Street
10524:Al-A'amiriya
10431:
10258:
10218:
10195:
10177:the original
10146:the original
10096:. Retrieved
10091:
10082:
10063:
10053:
10041:. Retrieved
10037:cairo.gov.eg
10036:
10027:
10015:. Retrieved
10006:
9996:
9984:. Retrieved
9980:the original
9975:
9966:
9954:. Retrieved
9950:
9941:
9929:. Retrieved
9924:
9915:
9903:. Retrieved
9898:
9888:
9876:. Retrieved
9867:
9858:
9841:. Retrieved
9832:
9822:
9813:
9812:al-Aadhamy.
9807:
9799:
9784:
9776:
9762:
9756:, p. 29
9753:
9747:
9722:
9714:
9702:. Retrieved
9687:
9665:. Retrieved
9661:the original
9656:
9646:
9634:. Retrieved
9630:the original
9625:
9616:
9604:. Retrieved
9600:the original
9590:
9582:the original
9575:
9566:
9554:. Retrieved
9545:
9536:
9524:. Retrieved
9510:
9497:
9476:
9459:
9445:
9433:. Retrieved
9429:
9419:
9402:
9390:. Retrieved
9386:
9376:
9362:
9350:. Retrieved
9346:the original
9339:
9330:
9318:. Retrieved
9314:the original
9309:
9299:
9289:28 September
9287:. Retrieved
9282:
9273:
9261:. Retrieved
9257:the original
9252:
9243:
9231:. Retrieved
9217:
9205:. Retrieved
9196:
9186:
9174:. Retrieved
9165:
9155:
9144:
9132:. Retrieved
9121:
9112:
9100:. Retrieved
9096:the original
9091:
9082:
9070:. Retrieved
9061:
9051:
9039:. Retrieved
9030:
9005:. Retrieved
8996:
8975:the original
8950:. Retrieved
8946:
8922:26 September
8920:. Retrieved
8916:
8890:28 September
8888:. Retrieved
8883:
8874:
8862:. Retrieved
8857:
8848:
8836:. Retrieved
8833:The National
8832:
8822:
8810:. Retrieved
8805:
8781:. Retrieved
8777:
8767:
8755:. Retrieved
8750:
8741:
8729:. Retrieved
8725:
8701:. Retrieved
8697:
8687:
8675:. Retrieved
8671:
8661:
8649:. Retrieved
8644:
8635:
8623:. Retrieved
8613:
8603:26 September
8601:. Retrieved
8598:www.sjsu.edu
8597:
8559:. Retrieved
8534:. Retrieved
8525:
8516:
8497:
8491:
8465:. Retrieved
8461:
8425:. Retrieved
8421:
8412:
8384:
8377:
8368:
8359:
8340:
8334:
8315:
8309:
8290:
8284:
8272:. Retrieved
8268:the original
8263:
8252:
8240:. Retrieved
8236:the original
8226:
8214:. Retrieved
8210:the original
8205:
8175:. Retrieved
8166:
8156:
8144:. Retrieved
8112:. Retrieved
8107:
8098:
8086:. Retrieved
8082:
8044:. Retrieved
8040:
8031:
8019:. Retrieved
8012:the original
8007:
7995:
7987:the original
7977:
7965:. Retrieved
7961:the original
7951:
7939:. Retrieved
7925:
7913:. Retrieved
7909:the original
7899:
7887:. Retrieved
7878:
7868:
7856:. Retrieved
7852:the original
7842:
7830:. Retrieved
7816:
7804:. Retrieved
7795:
7757:. Retrieved
7743:
7731:. Retrieved
7727:the original
7717:
7705:. Retrieved
7691:
7679:. Retrieved
7663:
7651:. Retrieved
7643:Bangkok Post
7642:
7633:
7607:. Retrieved
7603:the original
7592:
7580:. Retrieved
7571:
7562:
7550:. Retrieved
7539:
7529:
7517:. Retrieved
7508:
7499:
7487:. Retrieved
7483:the original
7478:
7454:. Retrieved
7445:
7433:. Retrieved
7419:
7405:
7393:. Retrieved
7389:
7379:
7367:. Retrieved
7356:The Guardian
7355:
7326:. Retrieved
7322:
7313:
7301:. Retrieved
7297:
7288:
7272:
7267:
7255:. Retrieved
7251:
7227:The Atlantic
7225:
7219:
7195:
7176:
7170:
7158:. Retrieved
7148:
7142:
7134:
7114:
7106:
7079:
7075:
7065:
7057:
7052:
7024:
7019:
6991:
6986:
6967:
6943:
6934:
6928:
6916:. Retrieved
6896:
6889:
6877:. Retrieved
6868:
6859:
6839:
6832:
6813:
6805:
6800:
6792:
6776:
6771:
6763:
6759:
6746:
6740:
6714:
6706:
6698:
6665:
6659:
6643:
6637:
6625:. Retrieved
6611:
6584:
6578:
6551:
6545:
6535:14 September
6533:. Retrieved
6487:
6483:
6470:
6458:. Retrieved
6449:
6439:
6408:
6402:
6359:
6355:
6346:
6319:
6313:
6296:
6290:
6282:
6260:
6254:
6247:intercourse.
6245:
6223:
6217:
6210:The Guardian
6209:
6183:
6156:
6150:
6136:
6132:
6113:
6107:
6095:
6083:. Retrieved
6078:
6069:
6064:, p. 67
6062:Bobrick 2012
6049:, p. 65
6047:Bobrick 2012
6042:
6033:
6021:. Retrieved
6017:the original
6007:
5995:
5986:
5980:
5968:
5959:
5939:
5932:
5905:
5899:
5874:
5866:
5861:, p. 14
5859:Bobrick 2012
5854:
5841:
5836:
5827:
5821:
5793:
5786:
5745:
5741:
5731:
5719:. Retrieved
5715:the original
5708:
5699:
5687:. Retrieved
5683:the original
5673:
5645:
5638:
5597:
5593:
5583:
5571:. Retrieved
5551:
5544:
5532:. Retrieved
5508:
5501:
5489:. Retrieved
5461:
5455:
5443:. Retrieved
5423:
5417:
5407:22 September
5405:. Retrieved
5391:
5382:
5373:
5361:. Retrieved
5347:
5338:
5310:
5303:
5295:
5288:. Retrieved
5279:
5270:
5253:
5220:. Retrieved
5206:
5194:. Retrieved
5180:
5161:
5145:. Retrieved
5094:
5090:
5080:
5072:
5057:
5041:. Retrieved
5031:
5022:
5010:. Retrieved
5001:
4989:. Retrieved
4985:the original
4974:
4946:
4828:Al-Talaba SC
4813:Al-Zawraa SC
4798:Al-Shorta SC
4757:horse racing
4730:
4571:Salima Pasha
4536:
4532:
4455:Victory Arch
4419:Al-Mutanabbi
4375:
4339:
4330:
4318:
4284:
4166:Universities
4127:
4089:
4085:
4073:
4052:
4045:
4003:Ferris wheel
4000:
3980:
3961:
3898:
3873:U.S invasion
3866:
3854:
3740:Baha'i Faith
3729:
3726:
3706:Ba'ath Party
3695:
3689:, while the
3648:
3643:
3602:
3575:
3505:
3488:
3485:Demographics
3404:Rabia Street
3399:Al-Mutanabbi
3384:– goes from
3339:Haifa Street
3238:Haydar-Khana
3128:Al-A'amiriya
3113:
3111:
3053:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3026:
2733:mm (inches)
2321:
2314:
2306:Persian Gulf
2297:
2288:
2243:
2214:January 2021
2210:January 2018
2184:
2149:
2100:Nuri al-Said
2081:
2069:power vacuum
2038:
2019:
1926:
1885:. Under the
1876:
1845:Kara Koyunlu
1837:
1802:
1770:Al-Musta'sim
1762:Genghis Khan
1751:
1733:
1727:
1709:
1706:al-Mustansir
1655:
1623:Seljuk Turks
1605:
1574:Al-Mustansir
1568:
1554:
1542:
1538:caravanserai
1523:
1517:
1466:al-Khwarizmi
1454:
1416:
1400:Mustansiriya
1346:
1306:
1286:
1266:urban design
1250:
1215:
1173:
1154:
1127:
1116:
1068:
1063:J. P. Berjew
1058:
1022:
1017:
1001:مدینة السلام
994:
989:
983:
972:
964:
960:
952:
948:
946:
924:, including
921:
917:
913:
912:and English
909:
905:
901:
897:
889:
879:
875:
871:
864:
862:Indo-Iranian
857:
843:
842:) "god" and
833:
827:
819:
795:
781:and renewed
763:Arab culture
748:
728:Muslim world
721:
561:
560:
36:
13017:Kuwait City
12947:Constantine
12792:Kuwait City
12567:Brazzaville
12514:Los Angeles
12443:Mexico City
12372:World's 50
12208:(de facto)
12133:Kuwait City
11989:West Island
11943:Philippines
11787:Afghanistan
11704:Ulaanbaatar
11674:South Korea
11663:North Korea
11426:Kuwait City
11015:Tributaries
10689:Al-Wazireya
10639:Al-Sa'adoon
10619:Al Khadhraa
10609:Jisr Diyala
10471:New Baghdad
10132:Libraries;
10017:29 December
9927:(in Arabic)
9901:(in Arabic)
9704:4 September
9694:BBC Radio 4
9636:30 November
9526:8 September
9503:中近東の日本人学校一覧
9283:Equal Times
9134:30 November
8753:(in Arabic)
8561:13 December
8462:Amwaj.media
8114:25 December
8088:25 December
8046:25 December
8008:dcswift.com
7733:25 December
7456:18 February
6918:9 September
6879:9 September
6725:. See also
6081:(in Arabic)
5846:Times Books
5363:16 December
4904:Iraq portal
4761:World War I
4759:ever since
4594:Umm Kulthum
4551:Al-Bataween
4525:A'dhamiyyah
4441:Paul Bremer
4433:Middle East
4425:Baghdad Zoo
4410:'s command.
4327:Reuven Snir
4323:Middle Ages
4299:Umm Kulthum
4079:and French
3905:Fly Baghdad
3877:Iraq Museum
3744:Baháʼu'lláh
3736:Baháʼu'lláh
3649:Before the
3544:kidnappings
3512:Feyli Kurds
3293:Al-Wazireya
3253:Jesr Diyala
3215:Al Khadhraa
3163:Al-Sa'adoon
3106:New Baghdad
2310:dust storms
2198:another war
2158:. In 2003,
2104:Abd al-Ilah
2061:Abd al-Ilah
2026:World War I
1920:and then a
1643:Tughril Beg
1631:Oghuz Turks
1534:Khan Murjan
1325:their gates
1243:is a local
1218:Abu Hanifah
1203:Iranian Jew
1195:Zoroastrian
1184:astrologers
1157:Ibn Battuta
1081:capital of
967:), and the
890:Mithridates
886:New Persian
854:Old Persian
823:Mesopotamia
769:due to the
554:(in Arabic)
535:Postal code
480:1st in Iraq
380:Established
369:Governorate
343: /
13053:Categories
12987:Port Sudan
12276:Tskhinvali
12062:Azerbaijan
11960:Phnom Penh
11881:East Timor
11765:Bangladesh
11715:North Asia
11634:Uzbekistan
11623:Tajikistan
11612:Kyrgyzstan
11601:Kazakhstan
11569:South Asia
11417:(de facto)
11281:Mauritania
11276:Nouakchott
11233:Somaliland
11064:Little Zab
10950:Diyarbakır
10926:(1,377 km)
10898:The Tigris
10832:Qadisiyyah
10684:Al-Washash
10659:Al-Shu'ala
10649:Al-Saydiya
10644:Saba Abkar
10594:Al-Jadriya
10544:Arab Jibor
10529:Abu Disher
9878:27 January
9777:Al-Jazeera
9688:The Choice
9556:25 January
9352:7 February
8806:Iraqi News
8698:Al Jazeera
8536:31 January
8041:Britannica
7582:26 October
7479:archive.is
7435:21 January
6603:1021808136
6460:5 February
6079:الجزيرة نت
5844:. London:
5491:19 October
5481:1025754805
5290:21 October
5091:The Lancet
4966:References
4739:(Police),
4725:See also:
4614:shanasheel
4222:See also:
4011:Zaha Hadid
4009:architect
3941:Fransabank
3837:in Baghdad
3605:Christians
3570:See also:
3558:and other
3413:Mosul Road
3344:Hilla Road
3288:Al-Washash
3273:Arab Jibor
3258:Abu Disher
3233:Al-Hurriya
3168:Al-Shu'ala
3158:Al-Saydiya
3143:Al-Jadriya
3069:Green Zone
3010:See also:
3006:Governance
2989:Source 1:
2258:quaternary
2194:insurgency
2084:Iraqi Army
2077:Avi Shlaim
1995:See also:
1991:Modern era
1863:See also:
1849:Ak Koyunlu
1835:returned.
1782:irrigation
1639:Ghaznavids
1482:Nestorians
1435:philosophy
1334:embrasures
1290:al-Qaskhun
1165:Abu Hanifa
1130:Salman Pak
1049:Foundation
806:synagogues
779:insurgency
709:Arab world
463:Population
408:Government
388:Founded by
331:44°21′58″E
328:33°18′55″N
149:Green Zone
57:Metropolis
12997:Bethlehem
12881:Jerusalem
12658:Hyderabad
12610:Zhengzhou
12585:Chongqing
12528:Bangalore
12461:São Paulo
12409:Guangzhou
12205:Palestine
12119:Jerusalem
12013:Abu Dhabi
12000:Australia
11978:Vientiane
11971:Singapore
11949:Naypyidaw
11921:Indonesia
11898:Australia
11831:Sri Lanka
11815:New Delhi
11793:Kathmandu
11771:Islamabad
11658:Pyongyang
11640:East Asia
11575:West Asia
11405:Palestine
11397:Jerusalem
11328:Abu Dhabi
11254:Mogadishu
11059:Great Zab
10985:Kadhimiya
10960:Hasankeyf
10905:Countries
10624:Al-Maidan
10584:Al-Hebnaa
10574:Ghazaliya
10569:Al-Fathel
10486:Sadr City
10476:Al-Rashid
10451:Kadhimiya
10446:Adhamiyah
10424:Districts
9976:عراقٌ انا
9490:Bundestag
9304:Pegasus.
9072:5 October
9041:27 August
9007:5 October
8645:France 24
8079:"Baghdad"
7879:USA Today
7796:USA Today
7364:0261-3077
7098:1360-2365
7040:. p.651.
6506:0892-6638
6386:0028-0836
6279:914334282
6100:Wiet 1971
6023:5 October
6000:Wiet 1971
5973:Wiet 1971
5943:. BRILL.
5778:161165836
5762:0022-2968
5630:161165836
5614:0022-2968
5514:Routledge
5445:4 October
5121:0140-6736
5099:CiteSeerX
5062:"Baghdad"
4991:23 August
4912:Iraqi art
4870:Pyongyang
4749:Al-Talaba
4745:Al-Zawraa
4737:Al-Shorta
4497:al-Rusafa
4367:artifacts
4350:sanctions
4114:Education
3972:Qadissiya
3933:Honeywell
3732:Kadhimiya
3722:Sadr City
3644:Kādhimayn
3586:civil war
3560:insurgent
3540:Assyrians
3524:Armenians
3502:Ethnicity
3278:Al-Fathel
3263:Al-Maidan
3229:Hayy Aoor
3148:Al-Hebnaa
3123:Ghazaliya
3114:selection
3096:Al Rashid
3090:Sadr City
3080:Kadhimiya
3060:Adhamiyah
3029:districts
2240:Geography
2202:low-level
2096:Faisal II
1841:Jalayirid
1815:. Sultan
1805:Ilkhanate
1694:Tamerlane
1619:Buwayhids
1608:Caliphate
1559:Nezamiyeh
1546:Al-Ma'mun
1502:Al-Tabari
1498:Mu'tazili
1451:Al-Ma'mun
1447:Al-Mansur
1439:education
1370:Mashallah
1362:Al-Mansur
1350:esplanade
1342:quicklime
1199:Mashallah
1097:Barmakids
1090:Al-Mansur
1083:Ctesiphon
997:al-Mansur
973:Baghdatha
876:Mithradāt
740:destroyed
664:romanized
510:UTC+03:00
505:Time zone
471:7,921,134
455:Elevation
398:Districts
12868:Damascus
12832:Khartoum
12678:Surabaya
12668:Hangzhou
12625:Dongguan
12563:Kinshasa
12553:Istanbul
12523:Pretoria
12496:Shenzhen
12466:New York
12428:Shanghai
12244:Abkhazia
12199:Ramallah
12079:Damascus
11965:Cambodia
11932:Malaysia
11870:Thailand
11809:Maldives
11776:Pakistan
11709:Mongolia
11629:Tashkent
11618:Dushanbe
11585:Ashgabat
11536:Capitals
11413:Ramallah
11372:Damascus
11243:Khartoum
11227:Hargeisa
11216:Djibouti
11211:Djibouti
10914:(523 km)
10817:Muthanna
10709:Bataween
10679:Utafiyah
10669:Al-Ubedy
10614:Al-Jihad
10320:Archived
10288:Archived
10116:Articles
10011:Archived
9872:Archived
9868:Newsweek
9837:Archived
9792:Archived
9770:Archived
9698:Archived
9606:27 April
9550:Archived
9520:Archived
9227:Archived
9201:Archived
9197:dawn.com
9170:Archived
9166:Westword
9128:Archived
9092:Sky News
9066:Archived
9035:Archived
9031:NBC News
9001:Archived
8971:"ARCADD"
8530:Archived
8274:27 April
8216:27 April
8171:Archived
8167:BBC News
8140:Archived
8021:14 April
8001:"PowWeb"
7967:27 April
7941:27 April
7935:Archived
7915:27 April
7889:26 April
7883:Archived
7858:27 April
7832:27 April
7826:Archived
7806:22 April
7800:Archived
7759:27 April
7753:Archived
7701:Archived
7681:2 August
7647:Archived
7619:cite web
7609:27 April
7576:Archived
7546:Archived
7513:Archived
7429:Archived
7154:Archived
7029:Archived
7007:. p.99.
6996:Archived
6975:Archived
6952:Archived
6912:Archived
6873:Archived
6821:Archived
6730:Archived
6649:Archived
6627:27 April
6621:Archived
6526:Archived
6522:40960150
6514:16873881
6454:Archived
6431:71581787
6394:47244046
6202:Archived
6145:, p.413.
6085:29 April
5813:43521617
5721:27 April
5689:27 April
5665:43521617
5567:Archived
5528:Archived
5485:Archived
5439:Archived
5401:Archived
5357:Archived
5284:Archived
5216:Archived
5190:Archived
5169:Archived
5141:Archived
5137:23673934
5129:17055943
5065:Archived
4890:See also
4774:Founded
4604:and the
4509:George V
4457:and the
4382:AFN Iraq
4354:comedies
4035:her firm
4015:Istanbul
3993:and the
3925:SalamAir
3710:Bataween
3677:and the
3669:and the
3651:Iraq War
3617:Mandeans
3566:Religion
3556:al-Qaeda
3496:Istanbul
3298:Bataween
3283:Al-Ubedy
3183:Al-Baya'
3092:(Thawra)
2942:Average
2937:3,240.9
2847:Average
2729:Average
2494:(104.5)
2489:(112.1)
2484:(112.5)
2479:(108.0)
2444:(125.2)
2429:(104.4)
2424:(119.1)
2419:(122.0)
2414:(125.2)
2409:(121.3)
2404:(116.1)
2399:(107.6)
2302:humidity
2261:alluvial
2191:Islamist
2187:Iraq War
2152:Gulf War
2137:Tehran's
2086:, under
2052:and pro-
1898:Safavids
1887:Ottomans
1879:captured
1825:Sarbadar
1702:Ismailis
1698:Fatimids
1494:Al-Jahiz
1474:Persians
1470:Al-Kindi
1431:medicine
1423:commerce
1419:learning
1374:Khorasan
1366:Naubakht
1317:Khurasan
1254:European
1180:Paradise
1161:Hanbalis
1138:Seleucia
1123:al-Karkh
1079:Sassanid
1071:Umayyads
1025:Sargon's
938:Baghdati
934:Baghshan
908:, Latin
802:churches
771:Iraq War
659:بَغْدَاد
499:Baghdadi
49:بَغْدَاد
13059:Baghdad
13031:Lebanon
13027:Tripoli
12981:Morocco
12961:Tunisia
12951:Algeria
12937:Tripoli
12927:Baghdad
12921:Bahrain
12862:Algeria
12855:Algiers
12816:Morocco
12776:Lebanon
12762:Sharjah
12756:Tunisia
12683:Bandung
12653:Tianjin
12600:Chennai
12533:Chengdu
12486:Beijing
12481:Bangkok
12471:Karachi
12456:Kolkata
12399:Jakarta
12297:Armenia
12292:Yerevan
12259:Georgia
12254:Tbilisi
12238:Sukhumi
12172:Nicosia
12149:Bahrain
12073:Lebanon
12046:Baghdad
11954:Myanmar
11916:Jakarta
11910:Vietnam
11865:Bangkok
11837:Thimphu
11647:Beijing
11607:Bishkek
11554:italics
11552:are in
11538:of Asia
11442:Bahrain
11366:Lebanon
11350:Baghdad
11314:Tunisia
11298:Tripoli
11292:Morocco
11270:Comoros
11259:Somalia
11194:Algeria
11189:Algiers
11115:Samarra
11069:'Adhaim
10990:Baghdad
10980:Samarra
10920:(40 km)
10837:Saladin
10827:Nineveh
10802:Karbala
10782:Dhi Qar
10772:Baghdad
10704:Zayouna
10694:Yarmouk
10674:Hayy Ur
10629:Mansour
10534:Al-Adel
10466:Mansour
10461:Karrada
10432:Baghdad
10371:Baghdad
10188:format)
10157:format)
10098:8 March
10092:isna.ir
10043:8 March
10039:. Cairo
9986:23 July
9956:23 July
9931:23 July
9905:23 July
9843:20 June
9486:Archive
9469:Archive
9435:26 July
9392:17 July
9320:17 July
8884:Prwebme
8467:20 July
8427:20 July
8242:15 June
8177:21 July
8146:5 April
7707:20 June
7552:31 July
7519:28 July
7395:27 July
7369:27 July
7328:27 July
7303:27 July
7257:27 July
6766:pg. 170
6364:Bibcode
5848:. 2000.
5573:23 July
5534:23 July
5196:19 June
5147:14 June
4859:, Egypt
4777:League
4431:in the
4376:During
4329:(ed.),
4218:Culture
4077:Hyundai
3968:Karbala
3964:Babylon
3901:BaghTel
3843:Economy
3730:In the
3659:al-Dora
3655:Karrada
3629:Twelver
3609:Yezidis
3516:Turkmen
3388:to the
3248:Yarmouk
3210:Al-Adel
3195:Hayy Ur
3153:Zayouna
3138:Karrada
3085:Mansour
3075:Karrada
2798:(4.91)
2793:(0.67)
2788:(0.93)
2783:(0.30)
2778:(0.00)
2758:(0.13)
2753:(0.64)
2748:(0.62)
2743:(0.65)
2738:(0.97)
2724:(12.2)
2719:(16.3)
2714:(29.3)
2709:(43.2)
2704:(59.5)
2699:(69.1)
2694:(72.3)
2689:(58.3)
2684:(46.9)
2679:(30.9)
2674:(22.1)
2669:(14.0)
2664:(12.2)
2654:(58.8)
2649:(42.8)
2644:(50.4)
2639:(63.0)
2634:(72.0)
2629:(79.2)
2624:(80.4)
2619:(76.8)
2614:(70.0)
2609:(60.3)
2604:(50.9)
2599:(43.7)
2594:(40.5)
2584:(74.3)
2579:(53.1)
2574:(61.7)
2569:(77.2)
2564:(88.2)
2559:(95.5)
2554:(96.4)
2549:(92.1)
2544:(85.1)
2539:(74.1)
2534:(63.5)
2529:(55.0)
2524:(50.0)
2514:(87.1)
2509:(64.4)
2504:(75.0)
2499:(93.2)
2474:(98.8)
2469:(86.9)
2464:(76.1)
2459:(66.7)
2454:(61.2)
2439:(77.5)
2434:(96.1)
2394:(97.9)
2389:(82.8)
2384:(76.6)
2285:Climate
2162:caused
2154:by the
2127:to the
2094:. King
2054:Italian
2044:staged
2022:Ottoman
1973:in 1900
1958:in 1609
1922:vilayet
1914:cholera
1895:Iranian
1881:by the
1853:Safavid
1756:led by
1754:Mongols
1735:khutbah
1651:Sultans
1627:Seljuks
1616:Iranian
1612:Samarra
1569:madrasa
1555:madrasa
1514:Córdoba
1478:Syriacs
1427:science
1403:madrasa
1354:Al-Amin
1330:merlons
1303:in 1778
1258:hammams
1192:Iranian
1094:Iranian
1075:Abbasid
1031:History
1018:Baghdad
990:a-ga-dè
949:Bagdadu
942:Georgia
926:Baghlan
918:Mehrdad
881:Mehrdad
798:mosques
707:in the
670:Baghdād
666::
562:Baghdad
545:Website
495:Demonym
374:Baghdad
357:Country
302:Baghdad
269:Baghdad
236:Baghdad
46:Baghdad
13029:2023 (
13021:Kuwait
13019:2022 (
13011:Jordan
13009:2021 (
12999:2020 (
12989:2019 (
12979:2018 (
12969:2017 (
12959:2016 (
12949:2015 (
12939:2014 (
12929:2013 (
12919:2012 (
12917:Manama
12909:2011 (
12842:Muscat
12834:2005 (
12824:2004 (
12822:Sanaʽa
12814:2003 (
12806:Jordan
12804:2002 (
12796:Kuwait
12794:2001 (
12784:2000 (
12782:Riyadh
12774:1999 (
12772:Beirut
12764:1998 (
12754:1997 (
12744:1996 (
12673:Nagoya
12663:Taipei
12648:Bogotá
12620:London
12615:Luanda
12580:Tehran
12558:Lahore
12491:Moscow
12423:Manila
12418:Mumbai
12413:Foshan
12265:Tehran
12216:Riyadh
12177:Cyprus
12161:Muscat
12144:Manama
12138:Kuwait
12124:Israel
12068:Beirut
12040:Turkey
12035:Ankara
12029:Jordan
11938:Manila
11859:Brunei
11842:Bhutan
11727:Russia
11722:Moscow
11686:Taiwan
11680:Taipei
11596:Astana
11459:Riyadh
11448:Muscat
11437:Manama
11431:Kuwait
11410:
11361:Beirut
11344:Jordan
11265:Moroni
11175:Africa
11110:Badush
11074:Diyala
11039:Garzan
11035:Batman
11005:Kemune
11000:Al-Kūt
10995:Amarah
10975:Tikrit
10955:Bismil
10943:Cities
10912:Turkey
10812:Maysan
10807:Kirkuk
10787:Diyala
10654:Sha'ab
10559:Baiyaa
10481:Rusafa
10265:
10225:
10184:
10167:&
10153:
10136:&
10070:
9851:Arabic
9800:UNESCO
9735:
9667:19 May
9263:9 July
9233:24 May
9207:31 May
9176:31 May
9102:20 May
8952:2 June
8864:3 June
8838:2 June
8812:3 June
8783:3 June
8778:Forbes
8757:3 June
8731:3 June
8703:3 June
8677:3 June
8651:3 June
8625:3 June
8504:
8400:
8347:
8322:
8297:
7653:29 May
7489:20 May
7362:
7279:
7210:
7183:
7127:
7096:
7044:
7011:
6904:
6847:
6721:
6672:
6601:
6591:
6566:
6520:
6512:
6504:
6429:
6419:
6392:
6384:
6356:Nature
6334:
6277:
6267:
6238:
6163:
6120:
5947:
5920:
5887:
5811:
5801:
5776:
5770:546244
5768:
5760:
5663:
5653:
5628:
5622:546244
5620:
5612:
5559:
5520:
5479:
5469:
5431:
5326:
5222:23 May
5153:
5135:
5127:
5119:
5101:
5049:
5043:16 May
5028:"Iraq"
5012:16 May
4885:, Iran
4883:Tehran
4747:, and
4555:Shorja
4529:Mosque
4513:UNESCO
4501:Tigris
4493:Qushla
4408:Saddam
4303:Fairuz
4230:, and
4096:Systra
4081:Alstom
4031:London
4019:Turkey
3712:. The
3528:Jewish
3367:Masbah
3200:Sha'ab
3101:Rusafa
2934:195.3
2931:213.0
2928:272.8
2925:315.0
2922:353.4
2919:347.2
2916:348.0
2913:300.7
2910:255.0
2907:244.9
2904:203.4
2901:192.2
2335:Month
2308:, and
2295:Köppen
2250:Risafa
2246:Tigris
2226:UNESCO
2073:Farhud
2058:Regent
2050:German
2003:, and
1939:. The
1929:Mamluk
1918:eyalet
1910:plague
1871:, and
1821:Barquq
1813:Shiraz
1774:canals
1758:Hulegu
1716:Mawṣil
1437:, and
1338:glacis
1319:, and
1262:mosque
1197:, and
1176:Qur'an
1119:Tigris
1107:Dirham
1087:caliph
953:Hudadu
930:Bagram
894:Mithra
869:Slavic
757:as an
717:Tehran
711:after
693:Tigris
655:Arabic
153:Tigris
13007:Irbid
12991:Sudan
12977:Oujda
12971:Egypt
12967:Luxor
12941:Libya
12911:Libya
12907:Sirte
12901:Qatar
12875:Syria
12836:Sudan
12826:Yemen
12812:Rabat
12802:Amman
12752:Tunis
12746:Egypt
12742:Cairo
12643:Wuhan
12605:Paris
12595:Xi'an
12548:Lagos
12476:Dhaka
12438:Cairo
12433:Seoul
12404:Delhi
12394:Tokyo
12232:Yemen
12227:Sanaa
12095:Qatar
12084:Syria
12024:Amman
11905:Hanoi
11820:India
11798:Nepal
11782:Kabul
11760:Dhaka
11698:Japan
11693:Tokyo
11669:Seoul
11652:China
11475:Yemen
11470:Sanaa
11388:Qatar
11377:Syria
11339:Amman
11309:Tunis
11303:Libya
11287:Rabat
11248:Sudan
11205:Egypt
11200:Cairo
11105:Mosul
11100:Cizre
11095:Ilısu
11090:Dicle
11049:Botan
11045:Savur
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