590:
1143:
495:, who demolished most of the buildings. All that remain are two former professors' houses, "Ashleigh" and "India", on the corner of Clyde Road and Addiscombe Road; and the former gymnasium on Havelock Road, now private apartments. The Land Company laid out five parallel roads over the greater part of the grounds, and built them up with villas. The five roads – Outram, Havelock, Elgin, Clyde and Canning Roads – all took their names from soldiers and politicians prominent on the British side in the events of 1857–58, although none was in fact a college alumnus.
42:
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401:; an exhibition of drawings and models; a formal inspection; and the distribution of prizes. The day's events are described in one account as "a performance carefully prepared and rehearsed beforehand. Its object was to make a favourable impression on a carefully selected audience". The Public Examiner, who presided, was an eminent general (see list below); while the audience usually included some of the Directors of the East India Company, and often the
294:
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332:, Latin, and French languages; in the art of Civil, Military, and Lithographic Drawing and Surveying; and in the construction of the several gun-carriages and mortar-beds used in the Artillery service, from the most approved models". The Company paid well, and attracted some distinguished academic staff:
320:
and 16, and later between 15 and 18. They normally remained for 2 years (4 terms), although it was possible to pass the final examination within a shorter period. The initial intake comprised 60 cadets, but numbers rose to about 75 a year, meaning that there were around 150 cadets in residence at any
392:
Examinations were held twice-yearly in June and
December: they lasted about three weeks, and culminated in a Public Examination, a day-long affair of some ceremony before a distinguished invited audience, which included orchestrated demonstrations of book-learning and of military exercises such as
324:
Initially, the main purpose of the
Seminary was to train cadets for the Engineer or Artillery arms of the service, but as an experiment in 1816–17, and more permanently from 1827, "general service" cadets destined for the Infantry were admitted. In all, some 3,600 cadets passed through Addiscombe
363:
Cadets were required to wear uniforms at all times, and were not permitted to go beyond the grounds or into
Croydon without permission. However, they gained a reputation for indiscipline, and fights with the townspeople of Croydon were not infrequent. There was no corporal punishment, but in the
281:
The initial purchase comprised the mansion house and 58 acres of land to the south of Lower
Addiscombe Road, but a further 30 acres to the north were subsequently acquired. New buildings were added, so that the mansion house, which originally housed the entire establishment, became a purely
230:, who in 1703 pronounced the house "in all points of good and solid architecture to be one of the very best gentleman's houses in Surrey, when finish'd". Its interior included many mural paintings of mythological subjects, supposed to be the work of Sir
225:
Addiscombe Place, the mansion house which formed the central building of the later
Seminary, was erected in about 1702 by William Draper, on land which he had inherited in 1700 from his aunt, Dame Sarah Temple. Draper's father-in-law was the diarist
282:
administrative block. The additions included barracks, a chapel, a drawing and lecture hall, a hospital, a dining-hall, a sand-modelling hall, a gymnasium, and service facilities including a bakehouse, dairy, laundry, and brew-house.
321:
one time. Cadets or their families were required to pay fees (£30 a year when the
Seminary first opened; £50 a term by 1835), but these were heavily subsidised and represented only a proportion of the true costs of their education.
468:, but continued to perform much the same function. With the amalgamation of the Royal and Indian services in 1861, there was initially a proposal that Addiscombe should be retained as a military college. However, the
278:, or privately. They were now to be trained at Addiscombe. The Seminary opened on 21 January 1809, although the formal transfer of title of the property did not take place until a year later, on 26 January 1810.
1702:
Through the good offices of his cousin, Capt
William Jacob of the Bombay Artillery in February 1826. His elder brother, Herbert, was then also serving out in India as a new subaltern. H. T. Lambrick,
258:
Following the death of Lord
Liverpool in December 1808, Addiscombe Place was put on the market by Emelius Delmé-Radcliffe (Clarke's brother-in-law). It was bought by the Court of Directors of the
325:
during the years of its existence. Of these, over 500 entered the
Engineers, nearly 1,100 the Artillery, and about 2,000 the Infantry, some of whom subsequently transferred to the Cavalry.
352:" – although he also judges that, by the standards of the age, its record as a military training school was not significantly worse than those of the establishments at
1911:
368:(marching there each Sunday in uniform, accompanied by their band): after that date they began to worship at the newly consecrated St James's Church, Addiscombe.
364:
early years cadets could be punished by being incarcerated in the so-called "Black Hole", and fed on bread and water. Until 1829 they worshipped regularly at
238:("I will not lower myself by vice or fault"). By the late 18th century the house was in the ownership of Charles James Clarke, who leased it to the statesman
1950:
1955:
1672:
1639:
1995:
1990:
1980:
1965:
348:". In the 1850s photography was also studied. J. M. Bourne concludes that the Seminary was "not a true military college at all, but a militarised
1819:
1985:
1885:
487:"Ashleigh", Addiscombe Road. The house was built in 1848, along with its neighbour, "India", as accommodation for professors at the Seminary
2000:
744:
573:
1252:
714:
239:
976:
724:
1737:
A full list of staff appears in
Farrington 1976, pp. 119–21; and further biographical details for many are given in Vibart 1894.
1155:
664:
533:
344:. In practice, the emphasis was on mathematics, and the Seminary was criticised for not including more training in practical "
328:
The curriculum comprised instruction in the "sciences of Mathematics, Fortification, Natural Philosophy, and Chemistry; the
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1975:
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Allen's Indian Mail, and Register of Intelligence for British and Foreign India, China, and All Parts of the East
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512:
464:, the East India Company was wound up in 1858. The college passed into government hands, becoming known as the
349:
1532:
1181:
902:
337:
262:
for use as a military academy. Although the company was primarily a trading concern, it also maintained its
1624:
188:
in Hertfordshire, which trained civilian "writers" (clerks). In military terms it was a counterpart to the
952:
669:
181:. Colloquially, it was known as Addiscombe Seminary, Addiscombe College, or Addiscombe Military Academy.
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154:. It opened in 1809 and closed in 1861. Its purpose was to train young officers to serve in the
1637:
Chichester, H. M.; Falkner, James (revised) (2004). "Lester, Frederick Parkinson (1795–1858)".
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Nostalgic cartoon by Cadet George B. Wymer, and poem by Cadet John F. Cookesley, marking their
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684:
1779:
Bourne, J. M. (1979). "The East India Company's Military Seminary, Addiscombe, 1809–1858".
1724:
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519:
201:
8:
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704:
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242:, later 1st Earl of Liverpool. Regular visitors during Liverpool's tenure included King
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https://en.wikisource.org/search/?title=Cotton,_Arthur_Thomas_(DNB01)&oldid=2390618
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East front of Addiscombe Place, the main building of Addiscombe Seminary, photographed
1823:
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159:
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Stearn, Roger T. (1994). "Addiscombe: the East India Company's Military Seminary".
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Vetch, R. H.; Jones, M. G. M. (revised) (2004). "Waddington, Charles (1796–1858)".
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177:. In 1858, when the college was taken over by the government, it was renamed the
173:(a name the cadets always disliked) until 1855, when the name was changed to the
1792:
Broadfoot, W. (1893). "Addiscombe: the East India Company's Military College".
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were sufficient for their needs, and the college closed in June the same year.
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515:, styled Resident Superintendent (this appointment was regarded as temporary)
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Addiscombe cadets sketched by fellow cadet George Girdwood Channer in 1826–27
234:; while high up on the exterior east front was carved the Latin inscription,
1869:
1587:
The engineers: a history of the engineering profession in Britain, 1750-1914
1807:
The Records of the East India College, Haileybury, & other institutions
1389:
Vibart 1894, p. 315. Vibart lists the names of 3,466 cadets at pp. 661–704.
749:
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212:
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Bourne 1979, p. 208; citing the Seminary's official Rules and Regulations.
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from Addiscombe in 1859. The cadets' uniforms are: (left) the tailed
1849:
Soldiers of the Queen: The Journal of the Victorian Military Society
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to the best cadet of the training season. The award was named after
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In the early days cadets entered the Seminary between the ages of 13
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193:
1410:
The Indian Army: the garrison of British Imperial India, 1822–1922
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1762:
Addiscombe Military College and the Cadets who Forged an Empire
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1441:
Many of the photographs taken are reproduced in Birbeck 2023.
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266:, the officers of which had previously been trained at the
1709:
387:
491:
The site was sold on 30 August 1861 for £33,600 to the
455:
447:
introduced in that year. Frontispiece to H.M. Vibart,
50:.1859. Cadets pose in the foreground. The inscription
1706:, reprint, Karachi, 1975, of original edition, p. 7.
1841:. Croydon: Croydon Central Library. pp. 34–45.
1781:
Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research
1146:
Group of Professors at Addiscombe Military Seminary
1636:
1942:
1820:Croydon Natural History & Scientific Society
1412:. Newton Abbot: David and Charles. p. 131.
1630:
336:published a standard Hindustani grammar, and
184:The Seminary was a sister institution to the
1951:Educational institutions established in 1809
1676:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1643:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1513:Vibart 1894, "Addenda and corrigenda", p. 3.
1220:, Lecturer in Science and Philosophy 1824–50
305:
1956:Training establishments of the British Army
424:. The Pollock Prize was transferred to the
1890:Families In British India Society Database
1804:
1669:
745:Robert Napier, 1st Baron Napier of Magdala
574:Robert Napier, 1st Baron Napier of Magdala
169:The institution was formally known as the
40:
1996:1809 establishments in the United Kingdom
1991:Graduates of Addiscombe Military Seminary
1791:
1407:
1184:, Senior Professor of Mathematics 1822–61
466:Royal Indian Military College, Addiscombe
1981:Military academies of the United Kingdom
1966:History of the London Borough of Croydon
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588:
578:
568:
558:
547:
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412:In 1848 the Seminary began awarding the
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284:
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211:
1759:
1673:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1640:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
977:Thomas Tupper Carter-Campbell of Possil
508:, styled Superintendent and Head Master
14:
1943:
1883:
1862:Addiscombe: its heroes and men of note
1859:
1846:
1778:
1286:
1284:
1282:
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449:Addiscombe: its heroes and men of note
1836:
388:Public Examinations and Pollock Medal
1986:Properties of the East India Company
1864:. Westminster: Archibald Constable.
1813:
1725:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U190500
171:East India Company Military Seminary
140:East India Company Military Seminary
1809:. London: H.M.S.O. pp. 111–23.
1277:
1230:
1226:, Lecturer in Civil Drawing 1813–36
1208:, Lecturer in Civil Drawing 1836–55
1196:, Lecturer in Civil Drawing 1826–50
1177:, Lecturer in Civil Drawing 1855–61
1002:William Wilberforce Harris Greathed
555:in Afghan dress. (B. Baldwin, 1841)
472:decided that the establishments at
456:Closure and development of the site
220:
175:East India Company Military College
27:East India Company military academy
24:
1214:, Professor of Hindustani, 1809–29
1052:Lord Roberts of Kabul and Kandahar
594:Lord Roberts of Kabul and Kandahar
297:Addiscombe cadets photographed in
240:Charles Jenkinson, Lord Hawkesbury
25:
2012:
2001:1861 disestablishments in England
1894:Families In British India Society
1877:
1573:. Vol. 7. 1849. p. 764.
1549:Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning
540:
1202:, Professor of Chemistry 1859–61
1194:Theodore Henry Adolphus Fielding
1190:, Professor of Chemistry 1835–45
1137:
426:Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
405:, who had a residence nearby at
268:Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
236:Non faciam vitio culpave minorem
93:
75:
52:Non faciam vitio culpave minorem
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1740:
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443:in use until 1858; (right) the
1886:"Index of Addiscombe officers"
1794:Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine
1717:"Who's Who; Rose, Major James"
1541:James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin
1495:Vibart 1894, pp. 51–4, 227–34.
1356:
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1338:
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1293:
1150:Staff at Addiscombe included:
13:
1:
1816:Victorian Croydon Illustrated
1432:Bourne 1979, pp. 208, 210–11.
1270:
1171:, Lecturer in Geology 1845–61
1158:, Lieutenant-Governor 1851–61
903:James Rose, 23rd of Kilravock
428:after Addiscombe was closed.
150:, Surrey, in what is now the
1843:(mainly on Addiscombe Place)
1805:Farrington, Anthony (1976).
1764:. Ugley Green: Dreadnought.
1690:UK public library membership
1657:UK public library membership
1627:(last visited 28 Jan. 2018).
1326:Vibart 1894, pp. 20–22, 310.
536:, styled Lieutenant-Governor
529:, styled Lieutenant-Governor
522:, styled Lieutenant-Governor
216:Plan of the Seminary grounds
179:Royal India Military College
35:Addiscombe Military Seminary
7:
1837:Paget, Clarence G. (1937).
1814:Gent, John B., ed. (1987).
1719:. Oxford University Press.
1459:Broadfoot 1893, pp. 648–53.
1235:The Public Examiners were:
1067:Sir Edward Talbot Thackeray
794:Sir Arnold Burrowes Kemball
670:Herbert Edward Stacy Abbott
498:
10:
2017:
1976:British East India Company
1971:Military history of London
1884:Sutton, Annabelle (2000).
1531:The roads are named after
1116:Sir John Frederick Maurice
908:Sir John Carstairs McNeill
873:Sir George Tomkyns Chesney
207:
186:East India Company College
1839:Croydon Homes of the Past
1818:(2nd ed.). Croydon:
1584:Buchanan, Robert (1989).
1560:Vibart 1894, pp. 661–704.
1408:Heathcote, T. A. (1974).
1101:Sir Arthur George Hammond
918:Thomas George Montgomerie
834:Henry Ravenshaw Thuillier
750:Sir Thomas Townsend Pears
720:William Cornwallis Harris
685:Sir William Erskine Baker
306:Cadets and the curriculum
152:London Borough of Croydon
122:
114:
106:
88:
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34:
1746:Farrington 1976, p. 119.
1468:Bourne 1979, pp. 220–21.
1165:, Superintendent 1809–22
1088:
1022:Sir Samuel Swinton Jacob
959:
953:George Dobson Willoughby
865:
819:Joseph Medlicott Scriven
776:
700:Sir Alexander Cunningham
657:
603:
545:Notable cadets include:
462:Indian Rebellion of 1857
403:Archbishop of Canterbury
1704:John Jacob of Jacobabad
1486:Broadfoot 1893, p. 649.
1477:Vibart 1894, pp. 125–6.
1380:Bourne 1979, pp. 214–5.
1353:Vibart 1894, pp. 15–17.
1344:Broadfoot 1893, p. 648.
1335:Bourne 1979, pp. 215–6.
1299:Broadfoot 1893, p. 657.
1224:William Frederick Wells
982:John Underwood Champain
893:James John McLeod Innes
765:Sir Richmond Shakespear
705:Sir Henry Marion Durand
680:Saunders Alexius Abbott
651:Sir Archdale Wilson, Bt
1961:19th century in London
1905:(based on Vibart 1894)
1860:Vibart, H. M. (1894).
1760:Birbeck, Kate (2023).
1682:10.1093/ref:odnb/28371
1649:10.1093/ref:odnb/16505
1206:John Christian Schetky
1147:
1012:Sir James Hills-Johnes
1007:Frederick Edward Hadow
933:George Alexander Renny
770:Sir Andrew Scott Waugh
690:John Archibald Ballard
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513:Henry Carmichael-Smyth
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272:Royal Military College
217:
198:Royal Military College
190:Royal Military Academy
1308:Paget 1937, pp. 42–4.
1253:Sir Alexander Dickson
1188:John Frederic Daniell
1145:
1042:Sir Harry Prendergast
948:James Francis Tennant
814:Sir Frederick Pollock
740:Sir Robert Montgomery
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366:Croydon Parish Church
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274:Junior Department at
254:The military seminary
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118:Army Officer Training
1927:51.37693°N 0.07947°W
1590:. Kingsley. p.
1522:Vibart 1894, p. 310.
1504:Vibart 1894, p. 231.
1450:Bourne 1979, p. 222.
1290:Bourne 1979, p. 206.
1131:Sir Robert Warburton
928:Sir Lambert Playfair
829:Sir Richard Strachey
804:Sir William Olpherts
665:Sir Frederick Abbott
631:Sir Frederick Lester
534:Sir Frederick Abbott
493:British Land Company
340:was a Fellow of the
1923: /
1614:Vibart 1894, p. 42.
1371:Vibart 1894, p. 18.
1362:Vibart 1894, p. 16.
1265:Sir Frederick Smith
967:Sir Charles Bernard
824:Richard Baird Smith
784:Sir Orfeur Cavenagh
636:Sir George Lawrence
598:John Singer Sargent
527:Sir Ephraim Stannus
54:can be seen on the
1932:51.37693; -0.07947
1822:. pp. 20–21.
1537:Sir Henry Havelock
1317:Vibart 1894, p. 9.
1263:1856–61: Maj-Gen.
1257:1840–55: Maj-Gen.
1251:1824–40: Maj-Gen.
1247:Sir Howard Douglas
1245:1820–23: Maj-Gen.
1239:1809–20: Maj-Gen.
1148:
1126:Sir Edward Stedman
1062:Sir Oliver St John
1032:Sir Charles Nairne
943:Sir Richard Sankey
923:Sir Francis Norman
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646:Charles Waddington
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18:Addiscombe College
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123:Garrison/HQ
56:entablature
1945:Categories
1915:51°22′37″N
1787:: 206–222.
1692:required.)
1659:required.)
1419:0715366351
1271:References
725:John Jacob
470:War Office
330:Hindustani
244:George III
148:Addiscombe
127:Addiscombe
1918:0°04′46″W
1870:23336661M
1800:: 647–57.
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264:own army
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160:own army
129:, Surrey
110:Training
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381:obverse
315:⁄
208:History
71:Country
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89:Branch
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445:tunic
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164:India
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476:and
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397:and
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138:The
115:Role
107:Type
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