232:
earth. According to archaeological investigations, Adena earthworks were often built as part of their burial rituals, in which the earth of the earthwork was piled immediately atop a burned mortuary building. These mortuary buildings were intended to keep and maintain the dead until their final burial was performed. Before the construction of the earthworks, some utilitarian and grave goods would be placed on the floor of the structure, which was burned with the goods and honored dead within. The earthwork would then be constructed, and often a new mortuary structure would be placed atop the new earthwork. After a series of repetitions, mortuary/earthwork/mortuary/earthwork, a quite prominent earthwork would remain. In the later Adena period, circular ridges of unknown function were sometimes constructed around the burial earthworks.
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202:. The geographic range of the Adena sites is centered on central and southern Ohio, with further sites in contiguous areas of the surrounding states of Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia and Pennsylvania. The importance of the Adena complex comes from its considerable influence on other contemporary cultures and cultures that came after it The Adena culture is seen as the precursor to the traditions of the
475:
1372:
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The large and elaborate mound sites served a nearby scattering of people. The population was dispersed in small settlements of one to two structures. A typical house was built in a circle form from 15 to 45 feet in diameter. The walls were made of paired posts tilted outward, that were then joined to
231:
generally ranged in size from 20 feet (6.1 m) to 300 feet (91 m) in diameter and served as burial structures, ceremonial sites, historical markers, and possibly gathering places. These earthen monuments were built using hundreds of thousands of baskets full of specially selected and graded
533:
with grit or crushed limestone and was very thick; its decoration was largely plain, cord-marked or fabric marked, although one type bore a nested-diamond design incised into its surface. The vessel shapes were sub-conoidal or flat-bottomed jars, sometimes with small foot-like supports.
455:
The Adena also carved small stone tablets, usually 4 or 5 inches by 3 or 4 inches by .5 inches thick. On one or both flat sides were gracefully composed stylized zoomorphs or curvilinear geometric designs in deep relief. Paint has been found on some Adena tablets, leading
603:
The Adena ground stone tools and axes. Somewhat rougher slab-like stones with chipped edges were probably used as hoes. Bone and antler were used in small tools, but even more prominently in ornamental objects such as beads, combs, and worked animal-jaw
422:, and remains virtually intact. Located in a city park at 900 Mound Avenue, it is an Ohio historical site and serves as a popular attraction and picnic destination for area families. Visitors can climb to the top of the mound via stone-masonry steps.
209:
The Adena were notable for their agricultural practices, pottery, artistic works, and extensive trading network, which supplied them with a variety of raw materials, ranging from copper from the Great Lakes to shells from the Gulf Coast.
2221:
155:. The Adena culture refers to what were probably a number of related Native American societies sharing a burial complex and ceremonial system. The Adena culture was centered on the location of the modern state of
456:
archaeologists to propose that these stone tablets were probably used to stamp designs on cloth or animal hides, or onto their own bodies. It is possible that they were used to outline designs for
517:
in 1939. Webb discovered a circle of "paired-posts" inside of the embankment ring and ditch. The 48.5 feet (14.8 m) circle was made up of sixty two "paired" post sets and eight single posts.
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227:. At one point, larger Adena mounds numbered in the hundreds, but only a small number of the remains of the larger Adena earthen monuments still survive today. These
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At 62 feet (19 m) high and 240 feet (73 m) in diameter, it is one of the largest conical-type burial mounds in the United States. It is located in
612:. A few copper axes have been found, but otherwise the metal was hammered into ornamental forms, such as bracelets, rings, beads, and reel-shaped pendants.
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Once serving as an ancient burial site, the
Miamisburg Mound is the most recognizable landmark in Miamisburg. It is the largest conical burial mound in
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A Late Adena group of 30 earthworks including 22 conical mounds and nine circular enclosures. It is located a few miles to the northwest of
1719:
1458:
1270:"The earliest occurrence of a newly described domesticate in Eastern North America: Adena/Hopewell communities and agricultural innovation"
1007:
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other pieces of wood to form a cone shaped roof. The roof was then covered with bark and the walls may have been bark and/or wickerwork.
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401:. In 1838, much of the archaeological evidence in this mound was destroyed when several non-archaeologists tunneled into the mound.
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2018:
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A 35-foot (11 m) high and 175-foot (53 m)-diameter conical mound, it is the second largest of its type in
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was not buried with the dead or the remains of the cremated, as were other artifacts. Usually Adena pottery was
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Hunted deer, elk, black bear, woodchuck, beaver, porcupine, turkey, trumpeter swan, and ruffed grouse.
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oversaw the excavation. His team discovered numerous skeletons along with weapons and jewelry.
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Postholes from a number of timber circles have been found during excavations of Adena culture
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918:"Investigations at Grave Creek Mound 1975-1967: A Sequence for Mound and Moat Construction"
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2010:
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Their sustenance was acquired through foraging and the cultivation of native plants.
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Also known as
Portsmouth Group D, the site is located in next to the Ohio River in
223:
Lasting traces of Adena culture are still seen in the remains of their substantial
26:
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206:, which are sometimes thought as an elaboration, or zenith, of Adena traditions.
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or paraphernalia. Spoons, beads and other implements were made from the marine
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Early Art of the
Southeastern Indians-Feathered Serpents and Winged Beings
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1418:
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427:
332:
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104:
94:
2222:
Archaeological sites on the
National Register of Historic Places in Ohio
1338:
1096:
1080:
1057:
1034:"Open-Air "Adena" Paired-Post Ritual Features in the Middle Ohio Valley"
1033:
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3206:
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1963:
1901:
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with a causeway crossing the ring and ditch. It is connected to the
151:
culture that existed from 500 BCE to 100 CE, in a time known as the
3410:
3374:
3324:
3186:
2971:
2110:
2080:
1895:
1332:
494:
160:
1112:"Society of Architectural Historians : Mount Horeb Earthwork"
1032:
Purtill, Matthew P.; Norr, Jeremy A.; Frodge, Jonathan B. (2014).
3417:
2901:
2778:
2700:
1969:
567:
164:
2763:
1957:
1937:
1885:
1081:"The Essential Features of Adena Ritual and Their Implications"
605:
457:
3507:
1947:
1917:
609:
228:
1312:
3467:
1827:
1328:
Introduction to North
America's Native People: Adena people
498:
419:
156:
198:
that began mound building ceremonialism at the end of the
769:"Civilizations Of The Americas, The Peoples To The North"
282:
for the culture, is a registered historic structure near
194:
The culture is the most prominently known of a number of
1131:"Mt Horeb : Adena People Teacher Companion Guide"
159:, but also extended into contiguous areas of northern
940:"The Archaeological Conservancy-2008 Annual Report"
716:"Identifying Flint Artifacts/Early Woodland People"
183:The Adena culture was named for the large mound on
971:
804:"Early Woodland: Northeastern Middlesex Tradition"
380:, it is believed to have been built by the Adena.
3581:
1860:History of Native Americans in the United States
963:
563:Gathered several edible seed, grasses, and nuts.
2526:
647:"Adena culture | North American Indian culture"
505:. A notable example was found by archaeologist
1403:List of archaeological periods (North America)
738:
736:
2512:
1810:
1354:
1145:
1143:
1323:Virtual First Ohioans's webpage on the Adena
844:"Portsmouth Earthworks-Ohio Central History"
2194:Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands
1333:Ancient Earthworks of Eastern North America
932:
733:
2519:
2505:
1817:
1803:
1361:
1347:
1318:Ohio Historical Society's Archaeology Page
1140:
824:"Grave Creek Mound Archaeological Complex"
771:. Archived from the original on 2009-05-10
25:
3027:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
2327:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
1368:
1285:
886:
884:
671:"American Indians - Ohio History Central"
196:similar cultures in eastern North America
3600:Archaeological cultures of North America
1224:
1136:. Kentucky Heritage Council. p. 16.
1128:
915:
594:
473:
2342:Shawnee Woodland Native American Museum
1267:
1109:
744:"Native Peoples of North America–Adena"
187:early 19th-century estate located near
3582:
1274:Journal of Anthropological Archaeology
881:
750:from the original on 20 September 2008
599:Adena culture stone gorgets and points
542:
2500:
1856:Native Americans in the United States
1798:
1342:
1038:Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology
969:
862:
692:
690:
16:Pre-Columbian Native American culture
1078:
3498:Norse colonization of North America
2481:Native American place names in Ohio
1182:from the original on 2 October 2008
235:
213:
13:
1268:Mueller, Natalie G. (2018-03-01).
1110:Carbone, Cristina (17 July 2018).
687:
14:
3636:
1306:
463:
3595:Formative period in the Americas
2215:Prehistoric communities or sites
1826:
1779:
1778:
1637:
1370:
867:. University Press of Kentucky.
537:
525:Unlike in other cultures, Adena
450:
433:
411:
390:
366:
337:
296:
271:
3518:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex
1261:
1218:
1193:
1168:
1122:
1118:. University of Virginia Press.
1103:
1072:
1025:
1000:
909:
856:
551:
350:South Charleston, West Virginia
171:, and parts of extreme western
31:Geographic distribution of the
1050:10.1179/2327427113Y.0000000010
836:
816:
796:
761:
708:
663:
639:
509:during the excavations of the
311:surrounding a central conical
1:
3615:Pre-statehood history of Ohio
1201:"NA Archaeology : Adena"
632:
309:circular embankment and ditch
178:
79:
72:
3625:Prehistoric cultures in Ohio
3483:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing
3433:Eastern Agricultural Complex
2312:Fort Ancient (Lebanon, Ohio)
2227:Archaeological sites in Ohio
916:Hemmings, E. Thomas (1984).
7:
2867:Bandelier National Monument
2741:List of Mississippian sites
2528:Pre-Columbian North America
2332:Johnson-Humrickhouse Museum
2034:Two Mile Square Reservation
2029:Nawash-Kinjoano Reservation
1388:List of Adena culture sites
980:University of Georgia Press
892:"Mounds and Mound Builders"
615:
242:List of Adena culture sites
10:
3641:
3287:West Oak Forest Earthlodge
2892:The Bluff Point Stoneworks
2601:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi)
2307:Flint Ridge State Memorial
2039:Upper Sandusky Reservation
1730:Lynden Reynolds Farm Mound
922:West Virginia Archeologist
704:. Ohio History Connection.
520:
467:
399:Moundsville, West Virginia
239:
191:, which he named "Adena".
3610:Pre-Columbian archaeology
3556:
3528:Three Sisters agriculture
3383:
3315:
2847:
2576:
2534:
2473:
2360:
2299:
2262:
2214:
2162:
2126:
2055:
2009:
1991:
1866:
1837:
1774:
1758:
1692:
1646:
1635:
1411:
1383:
1287:10.1016/j.jaa.2017.12.001
788:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
258:
253:
248:
218:
128:
118:
100:
88:
68:
58:
48:
24:
3067:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site
2626:Buttermilk Creek complex
2428:Battle of Fallen Timbers
2404:Treaty of Camp Charlotte
2317:Fort Hill State Memorial
2019:Blanchard's Fork Reserve
1832:Native Americans in Ohio
1085:Southeastern Archaeology
863:Lewis, R. Barry (1996).
590:
515:Fayette County, Kentucky
497:and adjacent regions of
305:Greenup County, Kentucky
53:Midwestern United States
43:(1000–1750 AD) cultures.
3267:Town Creek Indian Mound
3237:Sierra de San Francisco
3092:Meadowcroft Rockshelter
2486:Indian removals in Ohio
2347:SunWatch Indian Village
2337:New Indian Ridge Museum
2286:Thunderbird (mythology)
2047:Indian removals in Ohio
1225:Whitaker, Alex (1983).
1129:Sizemore, Judy (2008).
1079:Clay, R. Berle (1998).
1008:"Virtual First Ohioans"
651:Encyclopedia Britannica
354:Smithsonian Institution
3605:Pre-Columbian cultures
2922:Coso Rock Art District
2809:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek
2712:List of Hopewell sites
2422:Siege of Fort Recovery
2024:Moravian Indian Grants
675:ohiohistorycentral.org
600:
482:
478:Artists conception of
373:Ohio's second largest
352:. P. W. Norris of the
39:(200 BCE–500 AD), and
3620:Early Woodland period
3330:Arlington Springs Man
3172:Portsmouth Earthworks
2398:Yellow Creek massacre
1539:Odd Fellows' Cemetery
970:Power, Susan (2004).
598:
487:causewayed ring ditch
477:
317:Portsmouth Earthworks
307:. It is a concentric
278:The Adena Mound, the
153:Early Woodland period
63:Early Woodland period
3538:Transoceanic contact
3428:Container Revolution
3002:Gila Cliff Dwellings
2967:Etowah Indian Mounds
2464:Treaty of St. Mary's
2458:Treaty of Fort Meigs
2452:Treaty of Brownstown
2440:Treaty of Grouseland
2434:Treaty of Greenville
2410:Northwest Indian War
2380:Raid on Pickawillany
2352:Zane Shawnee Caverns
2281:Petroglyphs in Ohio
2237:Petroglyphs in Ohio
2182:Glacial Kame culture
2163:Prehistoric cultures
2127:Historic communities
2001:Algonquian languages
1479:Highbanks Metro Park
865:Kentucky Archaeology
702:Ohio History Central
319:directly across the
185:Thomas Worthington's
3458:Green Corn Ceremony
3272:Turkey River Mounds
3062:Lake Jackson Mounds
2882:Blue Spring Shelter
2199:Monongahela culture
2149:Muskingum (village)
2011:Former reservations
1983:Western Confederacy
1848:Northwest Territory
1693:West Virginia sites
1609:Story (Chillicothe)
543:Settlement patterns
348:. It is located in
21:
3543:Underwater panther
3217:Rosenstock Village
3087:Marmes Rockshelter
3072:L'Anse aux Meadows
2416:St. Clair's defeat
2392:Lord Dunmore's War
2291:Underwater panther
2207:(Late Prehistoric)
2205:Whittlesey culture
2178:(Late Prehistoric)
2139:Lenape settlements
1840:Prehistory of Ohio
1750:Turkey Creek Mound
1604:Story (Cincinnati)
1574:Ross Trails Circle
1544:Old Maid's Orchard
1454:George Deffenbaugh
1228:The Mound Builders
1176:"The Adena Mounds"
627:Old Copper complex
622:Hopewell tradition
601:
511:Mount Horeb Site 1
483:
204:Hopewell tradition
49:Geographical range
35:(500 BCE–100 AD),
19:
3577:
3576:
3569:Pre-Columbian era
3370:Spirit Cave mummy
3167:Plum Bayou Mounds
3077:Lynch Quarry Site
2596:Ancient Beringian
2494:
2493:
2446:Treaty of Detroit
2190:(Middle Woodland)
2144:Lower Shawneetown
1792:
1791:
1766:Mounds State Park
1700:Camden Park Mound
1489:Hodgen's Cemetery
993:978-0-8203-2501-9
874:978-0-8131-1907-6
448:
447:
386:Grave Creek Mound
284:Chillicothe, Ohio
189:Chillicothe, Ohio
138:
137:
109:Grave Creek Mound
3632:
3513:Projectile point
3350:Leanderthal Lady
3277:Upward Sun River
3252:Stallings Island
3242:Shell ring sites
3192:Recapture Canyon
3107:Moorehead Circle
2952:El Fin del Mundo
2937:Cueva de la Olla
2743:
2730:Maritime Archaic
2714:
2544:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2172:(Early Woodland)
2056:Historic figures
1831:
1830:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1782:
1781:
1641:
1624:Wright-Patterson
1579:Short Woods Park
1375:
1374:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1300:
1299:
1289:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1203:. Archived from
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1153:. Archived from
1147:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1010:. Archived from
1004:
998:
997:
977:
967:
961:
960:
958:
957:
951:
945:. Archived from
944:
936:
930:
929:
913:
907:
906:
904:
903:
894:. Archived from
888:
879:
878:
860:
854:
853:
851:
850:
840:
834:
833:
831:
830:
820:
814:
813:
811:
810:
800:
794:
793:
787:
779:
777:
776:
765:
759:
758:
756:
755:
740:
731:
730:
728:
727:
718:. Archived from
712:
706:
705:
694:
685:
684:
682:
681:
667:
661:
660:
658:
657:
643:
491:Bluegrass region
437:
415:
407:Miamisburg Mound
394:
370:
341:
325:Portsmouth, Ohio
300:
275:
246:
245:
236:Prominent mounds
214:Art and religion
113:Miamisburg Mound
84:
81:
77:
74:
29:
22:
18:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3564:Genetic history
3552:
3406:Ceremonial pipe
3379:
3360:Minnesota Woman
3317:
3311:
3132:Ocmulgee Mounds
3112:Morrison Mounds
3057:Kolomoki Mounds
3047:Kimball Village
2907:Candelaria Cave
2849:
2843:
2824:Suwannee Valley
2759:Old Cordilleran
2739:
2710:
2578:
2572:
2538:
2530:
2525:
2495:
2490:
2469:
2356:
2295:
2258:
2254:Wilderness Road
2210:
2201:(Late Woodland)
2158:
2134:Hell Town, Ohio
2122:
2051:
2005:
1987:
1868:Historic tribes
1862:
1844:History of Ohio
1833:
1825:
1823:
1793:
1788:
1770:
1754:
1745:St Mary's Mound
1740:St. Albans Site
1688:
1642:
1633:
1407:
1393:Woodland period
1379:
1369:
1367:
1335:Photo Galleries
1309:
1304:
1303:
1266:
1262:
1250:
1249:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1210:
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1199:
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1185:
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968:
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767:
766:
762:
753:
751:
742:
741:
734:
725:
723:
714:
713:
709:
698:"Adena Culture"
696:
695:
688:
679:
677:
669:
668:
664:
655:
653:
645:
644:
640:
635:
618:
593:
554:
545:
540:
523:
507:William S. Webb
480:Mt Horeb Site 1
472:
466:
453:
244:
238:
221:
216:
181:
149:Native American
82:
75:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3638:
3628:
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3607:
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3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3488:Mound Builders
3485:
3480:
3475:
3473:Medicine wheel
3470:
3465:
3463:Horned Serpent
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3403:
3398:
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3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3202:Roberts Island
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3137:Old Stone Fort
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3102:Moaning Cavern
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3052:Kincaid Mounds
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2932:Cuarenta Casas
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2887:Bluefish Caves
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2848:Archaeological
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
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2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2716:
2715:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2646:Caloosahatchee
2643:
2638:
2633:
2631:Caborn-Welborn
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2577:Archaeological
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2524:
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2319:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2276:Mounds in Ohio
2273:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2232:Mounds in Ohio
2229:
2224:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2179:
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2114:
2108:
2102:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1961:
1955:
1945:
1935:
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1702:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1664:Jim King Mound
1661:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1647:Kentucky sites
1644:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1534:Mound Cemetery
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1484:Hillside Haven
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1398:Mound Builders
1395:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1366:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1308:
1307:External links
1305:
1302:
1301:
1260:
1251:|website=
1217:
1192:
1167:
1139:
1121:
1116:SAH Archipedia
1102:
1071:
1024:
999:
992:
962:
931:
908:
880:
873:
855:
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815:
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631:
630:
629:
624:
617:
614:
592:
589:
588:
587:
584:erect knotweed
564:
561:
553:
550:
544:
541:
539:
536:
522:
519:
470:Timber circles
468:Main article:
465:
464:Timber circles
462:
452:
449:
446:
445:
438:
431:
424:
423:
416:
409:
403:
402:
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342:
335:
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328:
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294:
288:
287:
276:
269:
263:
262:
257:
252:
240:Main article:
237:
234:
220:
217:
215:
212:
200:Archaic period
180:
177:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
123:Archaic period
120:
116:
115:
102:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
76: 500 BCE
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3637:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3590:Adena culture
3588:
3587:
3585:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3555:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
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3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3448:Falcon dancer
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:Miscellaneous
3382:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3355:Melbourne Man
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:La Brea Woman
3343:
3341:
3340:Kennewick Man
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3314:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3232:Serpent Mound
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3182:Pueblo Bonito
3180:
3178:
3177:Poverty Point
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3162:Pinson Mounds
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3152:Painted Bluff
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3032:Horr's Island
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2962:Effigy Mounds
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2927:Crystal River
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2846:
2840:
2839:Weeden Island
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2804:Safety Harbor
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2794:Poverty Point
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:Paleo-Indians
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2735:Mississippian
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
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2687:
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2679:
2677:
2674:
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2669:
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2649:
2647:
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2642:
2639:
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2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2386:Pontiac's War
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2374:Nanfan Treaty
2372:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2359:
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2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
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2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2322:Fort Recovery
2320:
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2298:
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2255:
2251:
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2240:
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2103:
2100:
2099:Little Turtle
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2069:Buckongahelas
2067:
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2040:
2037:
2035:
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2025:
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2020:
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2016:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2002:
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1998:
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1984:
1981:
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1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:Indiana sites
1757:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1735:Neibert Mound
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
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1718:
1716:
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538:Domestic life
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503:West Virginia
500:
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492:
489:sites in the
488:
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451:Stone tablets
443:
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133:Ohio Hopewell
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28:
23:
20:Adena culture
3548:Water glyphs
3503:Oasisamerica
3493:N.A.G.P.R.A.
3453:Folsom point
3443:Effigy mound
3423:Clovis point
3391:Aridoamerica
3292:Wickiup Hill
3247:Spiro Mounds
3227:Salmon Ruins
3222:Russell Cave
3017:Helen Blazes
3012:Grimes Point
2992:Fort Juelson
2982:Fort Ancient
2957:El Vallecito
2917:Chaco Canyon
2857:Angel Mounds
2819:Steed-Kisker
2769:Paleo-Arctic
2691:Glacial Kame
2676:Fort Ancient
2585:
2568:Post-Classic
2539:
2474:Other topics
2376:(1701, 1726)
2246:
2176:Fort Ancient
2169:
2154:Pickawillany
2093:Kakowatcheky
2087:Joseph Brant
2043:
1979:
1876:Chalahgawtha
1852:Ohio Country
1710:Cresap Mound
1705:Cotiga Mound
1449:Coon Hunters
1424:Austin Brown
1376:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1232:. Retrieved
1227:
1220:
1209:. Retrieved
1205:the original
1195:
1184:. Retrieved
1170:
1159:. Retrieved
1155:the original
1151:"Adena Site"
1124:
1115:
1105:
1088:
1084:
1074:
1044:(1): 59–82.
1041:
1037:
1027:
1016:. Retrieved
1012:the original
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934:
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724:. Retrieved
720:the original
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674:
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650:
641:
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555:
552:Food sources
546:
524:
484:
454:
442:Athens, Ohio
378:burial mound
313:burial mound
259:
254:
249:
222:
208:
193:
182:
173:Pennsylvania
141:
139:
41:Fort Ancient
40:
36:
32:
3533:Thunderbird
3401:Black drink
3365:Peñon woman
3302:Winterville
3282:Velda Mound
3262:Taos Pueblo
3157:Parkin Park
3142:Orwell site
3127:Nodena site
3022:Holly Bluff
2997:Four Mounds
2987:Fort Center
2912:Casa Grande
2862:Anzick site
2754:Monongahela
2681:Fort Walton
2656:Coles Creek
2621:Belle Glade
2606:Anishinaabe
2412:(1785–1795)
2370:(1609-1701)
2368:Beaver Wars
2272:(sculpture)
2117:Tenskwatawa
2063:Blue Jacket
1952:Anishinaabe
1942:Anishinaabe
1892:Erie people
1725:Grave Creek
1674:Mount Horeb
1619:Wolf Plains
1599:David Stitt
1554:Carl Potter
1519:Luthor List
1469:Great Mound
1313:Ohio Memory
1091:(1): 1998.
982:. pp.
566:Cultivated
428:Wolf Plains
333:Criel Mound
267:Adena Mound
260:Description
129:Followed by
119:Preceded by
105:Criel Mound
101:Major sites
95:Adena Mound
3584:Categories
3478:Metallurgy
3438:Eden point
3335:Buhl Woman
3207:Rock Eagle
3197:River Styx
3122:Mummy Cave
3117:Moundville
3097:Mesa Verde
3082:Marksville
2829:Tchefuncte
2789:Plaquemine
2725:Las Palmas
2641:Calf Creek
2636:Cades Pond
2250:Ohio River
2242:Tower Site
1964:Piankeshaw
1902:Honniasont
1720:Goff Mound
1684:Round Hill
1669:Mound Hill
1614:Williamson
1594:Spruce Run
1529:Miamisburg
1412:Ohio sites
1234:2017-04-09
1211:2008-09-12
1186:2008-09-12
1161:2008-09-12
1018:2017-04-09
956:2010-02-03
902:2008-09-11
849:2008-09-11
829:2008-09-11
809:2008-09-11
775:2008-09-11
754:2008-09-12
726:2008-09-12
680:2021-02-13
656:2021-08-05
633:References
362:Enon Mound
321:Ohio River
292:Biggs site
225:earthworks
179:Importance
163:, eastern
3523:Stickball
3212:Rock Hawk
3042:Key Marco
2834:Troyville
2814:St. Johns
2799:Red Ocher
2558:Formative
2270:Birdstone
2184:(Archaic)
2119:(Shawnee)
2113:(Shawnee)
2107:(Wyandot)
2105:Roundhead
2095:(Shawnee)
2077:(Shawnee)
2075:Cornstalk
2065:(Shawnee)
1993:Languages
1960:(Shawnee)
1934:speaking)
1928:Mosopelea
1924:speaking)
1922:Iroquoian
1909:(Wyandot)
1878:(Shawnee)
1659:Gaitskill
1569:D.S. Rose
1434:Beam Farm
1296:0278-4165
1280:: 39–50.
1253:ignored (
1243:cite book
1066:129300799
580:goosefoot
576:sunflower
458:tattooing
280:type site
90:Type site
3411:Chanunpa
3396:Ballgame
3375:Vero man
3325:Anzick-1
3297:Windover
3257:SunWatch
3187:Rassawek
3007:Glenwood
2897:Brewster
2749:Mogollon
2720:La Jolla
2706:Hopewell
2666:Deptford
2579:cultures
2247:See also
2188:Hopewell
2111:Tecumseh
2089:(Mohawk)
2081:Egushawa
2071:(Lenape)
2044:See also
1980:See also
1896:Iroquois
1882:Delaware
1784:Category
1524:McDaniel
1509:Karshner
1439:Clemmons
1180:Archived
1097:41890386
1058:26599891
784:cite web
748:Archived
616:See also
531:tempered
495:Kentucky
161:Kentucky
37:Hopewell
3560:Related
3418:Chunkey
3318:remains
3307:Wupatki
3147:Paquime
3037:Huápoca
2902:Cahokia
2872:Bastian
2779:Patayan
2701:Hohokam
2686:Fremont
2661:Comondú
2616:Baytown
2611:Avonlea
2591:Alachua
2563:Classic
2553:Archaic
2541:Periods
2300:Museums
2263:Culture
2101:(Miami)
2083:(Odawa)
1975:Wyandot
1970:Shawnee
1966:(Miami)
1629:Zaleski
1559:Raleigh
1549:Orators
1504:Jackson
1474:Hartley
1464:Fortner
1429:Arledge
928:: 3–49.
606:gorgets
568:pumpkin
527:pottery
521:Pottery
375:conical
165:Indiana
2977:Folsom
2942:Cutler
2877:Benson
2764:Oneota
2696:Glades
2671:Folsom
2651:Clovis
2548:Lithic
2466:(1818)
2460:(1817)
2454:(1808)
2448:(1807)
2442:(1805)
2436:(1795)
2430:(1794)
2424:(1794)
2418:(1791)
2406:(1774)
2400:(1774)
2394:(1774)
2388:(1763)
2382:(1752)
2361:Events
1958:Pekowi
1938:Ojibwe
1932:Siouan
1886:Lenape
1564:Reeves
1514:Kinzer
1499:Hurley
1444:Conrad
1294:
1095:
1064:
1056:
990:
871:
582:, and
572:squash
430:Group
229:mounds
219:Mounds
144:was a
111:, and
59:Period
3508:Piasa
3316:Human
2947:Eaker
2850:sites
2784:Plano
2586:Adena
2170:Adena
1948:Odawa
1918:Mingo
1913:Miami
1907:Huron
1715:Criel
1679:Ramey
1654:Biggs
1589:Snead
1584:Shrum
1419:Adena
1134:(PDF)
1093:JSTOR
1062:S2CID
1054:JSTOR
984:29–34
950:(PDF)
943:(PDF)
610:conch
591:Tools
255:Image
69:Dates
33:Adena
3468:Kiva
1494:Horn
1459:Enon
1292:ISSN
1255:help
988:ISBN
869:ISBN
790:link
501:and
499:Ohio
420:Ohio
250:Site
157:Ohio
140:The
2972:Eva
1282:doi
1046:doi
926:362
513:in
493:of
323:in
78:to
3586::
2252:–
1858:–
1854:–
1850:–
1846:–
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1278:49
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
