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into one queue per active runway for a "straight-in" approach. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air.
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1494:", except the traffic on runways. This includes planes, baggage trains, snowplows, grass cutters, fuel trucks, stair trucks, airline food trucks, conveyor belt vehicles and other vehicles. Ground Control will instruct these vehicles on which taxiways to use, which runway they will use (in the case of planes), where they will park, and when it is safe to cross runways. When a plane is ready to takeoff it will be turned over to tower control. Conversely, after a plane has landed it will depart the runway and be "handed over" from Tower to Ground Control.
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1562:, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a
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and with short turnaround times between different flights, the charging powers have to be substantial. To tackle these issues, more airports are starting to look into alternative energy production such as solar power and wind power, but also how to use airport areas for biomass production. Another solution investigated is to use energy storage to charge during the night and use to charge the aircraft during daytime.
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1542:. And due to the so-called SLOT-times, the overall traffic planning tend to assure landing queues are avoided. If for instance an aircraft approaches runway 17 (which has a heading of approx. 170 degrees) from the north (coming from 360/0 degrees heading towards 180 degrees), the aircraft will land as fast as possible by just turning 10 degrees and follow the
1805:
1579:
2024:. Most civil aviation authorities have required levels of on-site emergency response capabilities based on an airport's traffic. At airports where civil and military operations share a common set of runways and infrastructure, emergency response is often managed by the relevant military unit as part of their base's operations.
1138:, and members of the airline's clubs. Premium services may sometimes be open to passengers who are members of a different airline's frequent flyer program. This can sometimes be part of a reciprocal deal, as when multiple airlines are part of the same alliance, or as a ploy to attract premium customers away from rival airlines.
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showed all airports have a role to play in advancing greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction initiatives. Small airports have demonstrated leadership by using their less complex organizational structure to implement newer technologies and to serve as a proving ground for their feasibility. Large airports have
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The construction of airports has been known to change local weather patterns. For example, because they often flatten out large areas, they can be susceptible to fog in areas where fog rarely forms. In addition, they generally replace trees and grass with pavement, they often change drainage patterns
955:
Airports with international flights have customs and immigration facilities. However, as some countries have agreements that allow travel between them without customs and immigrations, such facilities are not a definitive need for an international airport. International flights often require a higher
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at
Helsinki-Vantaa airport in Finland revealed that commonly touched surfaces in airports, especially the plastic security screening trays, are highly susceptible to contamination by respiratory viruses. These trays are touched by hundreds of passengers daily and, being made of plastic, a non-porous
1057:
Many new airports include walkthrough duty-free stores that require air passengers to enter a retail store upon exiting security. Airport planners sometimes incorporate winding routes within these stores such that passengers encounter more goods as they walk towards their gate. Planners also install
231:
Airport operations are extremely complex, with a complicated system of aircraft support services, passenger services, and aircraft control services contained within the operation. Thus airports can be major employers, as well as important hubs for tourism and other kinds of transit. Because they are
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Like industrial equipment or facility management, airports require tailor-made maintenance management due to their complexity. With many tangible assets spread over a large area in different environments, these infrastructures must therefore effectively monitor these assets and store spare parts to
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Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at
1506:
immediately surrounding the airport. Tower controllers may use radar to locate an aircraft's position in 3D space, or they may rely on pilot position reports and visual observation. They coordinate the sequencing of aircraft in the traffic pattern and direct aircraft on how to safely join and leave
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in the US opened in 1920 and has been in continuous commercial service since. It serves about 35,000,000 passengers each year and continues to expand, recently opening a new 11,000-foot (3,355 m) runway. Of the airports constructed during this early period in aviation, it is one of the largest and
2144:
As a part of their sustainability efforts, more and more airports are starting to explore the consequences of more electric aircraft coming into service. Electric aircraft need a lot of energy; operating 49 small 50 passenger short range battery electric aircraft would demand at least 16 GWh/year,
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The construction of new airports or addition of runways to existing airports, is often resisted by local residents because of the effect on countryside, historical sites, and local flora and fauna. Due to the risk of collision between birds and aircraft, large airports undertake population control
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Every cargo terminal has a landside and an airside. The landside is where the exporters and importers through either their agents or by themselves deliver or collect shipments while the airside is where loads are moved to or from the aircraft. In addition, cargo terminals are divided into distinct
2170:
used models and simulations to demonstrate that increasing hand cleanliness from 20% to 30% in all airports could reduce the potential global impact of a disease by 24%. If cleanliness levels reached 60%, this impact could decrease by 69%. Focusing on just the top 10 most influential airports for
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At controlled airports, a circuit can be in place but is not normally used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport; the destination airport can then plan a queue of arrivals, and planes will be guided
737:
Non-aeronautical revenue is gained through things other than aircraft operations. It includes lease revenue from compatible land-use development, non-aeronautical building leases, retail and concession sales, rental car operations, parking and in-airport advertising. Concession revenue is one big
638:
In Canada, the federal authority, Transport Canada, divested itself of all but the remotest airports in 1999/2000. Now most airports in Canada are operated by individual legal authorities, such as
Vancouver International Airport Authority (although still owned by Transport Canada); some airports,
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Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas. These include clothing boutiques and restaurants and in the US amounted to $ 4.2 billion in 2015. Prices
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Hand hygiene plays a pivotal role in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in airports. Research indicates that only about 70% of individuals wash their hands after using the toilet, and of those, only 50% do so correctly. In airport settings, just one in five individuals maintain clean
1172:
Cargo
Terminal Facilities are areas where international airports export cargo has to be stored after customs clearance and prior to loading the aircraft. Similarly, import cargo that is offloaded needs to be in bond before the consignee decides to take delivery. Areas have to be kept aside for
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The earliest aircraft takeoff and landing sites were grassy fields. The plane could approach at any angle that provided a favorable wind direction. A slight improvement was the dirt-only field, which eliminated the drag from grass. However, these functioned well only in dry conditions. Later,
1072:
Some airport structures include on-site hotels built within or attached to a terminal building. Airport hotels have grown popular due to their convenience for transient passengers and easy accessibility to the airport terminal. Many airport hotels also have agreements with airlines to provide
2543:, airport design became more sophisticated. Passenger buildings were being grouped together in an island, with runways arranged in groups about the terminal. This arrangement permitted expansion of the facilities. But it also meant that passengers had to travel further to reach their plane.
1744:
can also be kept in view of the runway. Aviation windsocks are made with lightweight material, withstand strong winds and some are lit up after dark or in foggy weather. Because visibility of windsocks is limited, often multiple glow-orange windsocks are placed on both sides of the runway.
702:
revenue, non-aeronautical revenue, and non-operating revenue. Aeronautical revenue makes up 50% in 2021 (from 54% and 48% in 2019 and 2020, non-aeronautical revenue makes up 34% (40%, 39% in previous years), and non-operating revenue makes up 16% (6%, 14%) of the total revenue of airports.
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that produces a continuous slab with no disruptions along the length. The early 1960s also saw the introduction of jet bridge systems to modern airport terminals, an innovation which eliminated outdoor passenger boarding. These systems became commonplace in the United States by the 1970s.
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Airlines sometimes operate multiple lounges within the one airport terminal allowing ultra-premium customers, such as first class customers, additional services, which are not available to other premium customers. Multiple lounges may also prevent overcrowding of the lounge facilities.
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Most airports in the United States are designated "private-use airports" meaning that, whether publicly- or privately owned, the airport is not open or available for use by the public (although use of the airport may be made available by invitation of the owner or manager).
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Smaller or less-developed airfields, which represent the vast majority, often have a single runway shorter than 1,000 m (3,300 ft). Larger airports for airline flights generally have paved runways of 2,000 m (6,600 ft) or longer. Skyline
Airport in
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are calculated through the landing weight and the size of the aircraft which varies but most of the airports have a fixed rate and a charge extra for extra weight. Passenger service fees are charges per passengers for the facilities used on a flight like water, food,
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to residents living near airports. Sleep can be affected if the airports operate night and early morning flights. Aircraft noise occurs not only from take-offs and landings but also from ground operations including maintenance and testing of aircraft. Noise can have
1915:
1433:(ATC) is the task of managing aircraft movements and making sure they are safe, orderly and expeditious. At the largest airports, air traffic control is a series of highly complex operations that requires managing frequent traffic that moves in all three dimensions.
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disease spread, enhancing hand hygiene practices could still significantly reduce disease transmission rates from 45% to 37%. The findings underscore the importance of promoting hand-washing in airports as a key measure in preventing the global spread of diseases.
2162:
hands—defined as washing with soap for at least 15 seconds in the preceding hour. Given the frequent touching of shared surfaces in airports, such as trays, railings, and touch panels, this poses a significant risk for disease transmission. A study from the
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Each civil aviation authority provides a source of information about airports in their country. This will contain information on airport elevation, airport lighting, runway information, communications facilities and frequencies, hours of operation, nearby
2090:- would lead to 100 airports being below mean sea level and 364 airports at risk of flooding. If global mean temperature rise exceeds this then as many as 572 airports will be at risk by 2100, leading to major disruptions without appropriate adaptation.
2442:, which opened in 1916. Increased aircraft traffic during World War I led to the construction of landing fields. Aircraft had to approach these from certain directions and this led to the development of aids for directing the approach and landing slope.
1671:
consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edges. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an
2105:
Some of the airport administrations prepare and publish annual environmental reports to show how they consider these environmental concerns in airport management issues and how they protect environment from airport operations. These reports contain all
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An improvement in the landing field was the introduction of grooves in the concrete surface. These run perpendicular to the direction of the landing aircraft and serve to draw off excess rainwater that could build up in front of the plane's wheels.
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material, provide an environment where viruses can survive for extended periods. In comparison, bathroom surfaces in the same airport tested negative for respiratory viruses, possibly indicating a heightened awareness of hygiene in these spaces.
2602:
Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is
1912:
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where aircraft or vehicles are in an inappropriate location, allowing these "hot spots" to be identified. These locations then undergo special attention by transportation authorities (such as the FAA in the US) and airport administrators.
1804:
2013:, bringing the plane to a relatively rapid halt as the material disintegrates. These surfaces are useful when the runway is located next to a body of water or other hazard, and prevent the planes from overrunning the end of the field.
232:
sites of operation for heavy machinery, a number of regulations and safety measures have been implemented in airports, in order to reduce hazards. Additionally, airports have major local environmental impacts, as both large sources of
785:
desks, shops and ground transportation facilities. The airside area includes all parts of the airport around the aircraft, and the parts of the buildings that are restricted to staff, and sections of these extended to travelling,
1050:
charged for items sold at these outlets are generally higher than those outside the airport. However, some airports now regulate costs to keep them comparable to "street prices". This term is misleading as prices often match the
725:. Aircraft parking is also a major revenue source for airports. Aircraft are parked for a certain amount of time before or after takeoff and have to pay to park there. Every airport has its own rates of parking, for example,
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519:
Most of the world's large airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the UK the state-owned
1616:(PAR), but these systems are more common at military air bases than civilian airports. The aircraft's horizontal and vertical movement is tracked via radar, and the controller tells the pilot his position relative to the
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Airports require parking lots, for passengers who may leave the cars at the airport for a long period of time. Large airports will also have car-rental firms, taxi ranks, bus stops and sometimes a train station.
642:
Many US airports still lease part or all of their facilities to outside firms, who operate functions such as retail management and parking. All US commercial airport runways are certified by the FAA under the
2129:
has shown this can be done safely. This can also be done on the roofs of the airports and it has been found that the solar panels on these buildings work more effectively when compared to residential panels.
2609:, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as
2254:
without having to depend on local bases for land-based aircraft. After their development in World War I, aircraft carriers replaced the battleship as the centrepiece of a modern fleet during World War II.
1537:
outside the US) is possible. They may help to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There is no technical need within modern commercial aviation for performing this pattern,
1141:
Sometimes these premium services will be offered to a non-premium passenger if the airline has made a mistake in handling of the passenger, such as unreasonable delays or mishandling of checked baggage.
711:
Aeronautical revenue are generated through airline rents and landing, passenger service, parking, and hangar fees. Landing fees are charged per aircraft for landing an airplane in the airport property.
678:
which are financed by the AATF, as well as pays for the FAA's
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) account. The funding of these accounts are dependent on the taxes the airports generate of revenues.
826:
1444:" airport has no operating control tower and therefore two-way radio communications are not required, though it is good operating practice for pilots to transmit their intentions on the airport's
654:
sponsoring a privatization program since 1996), the government-owned, contractor-operated (GOCO) arrangement is the standard for the operation of commercial airports in the rest of the world.
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1717:
Weather observations at the airport are crucial to safe takeoffs and landings. In the United States and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of
4411:
2023 IEEE International
Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC)
2153:
Airports, as major international travel hubs, have the potential to be significant transmission points for infectious diseases. A notable study conducted during the peak of the 2015–2016
2227:. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars.
1911:
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1953:
which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see
1440:
where the air traffic controllers are based. Pilots are required to maintain two-way radio communication with the controllers, and to acknowledge and comply with their instructions. A "
2082:
in agricultural areas, leading to more flooding, run-off and erosion in the surrounding land. Airports are often built on low-lying coastal land, globally 269 airports are at risk of
1634:
Airport guidance signs provide direction and information to taxiing aircraft and airport vehicles. Smaller aerodromes may have few or no signs, relying instead on diagrams and charts.
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1601:(DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an
802:
and customs to access the landside area, in which they exit, unless in airside transit. Most multi-terminal airports have (variously termed) flight/passenger/air connections buses,
5160:(University of Minnesota Press). This book brings together leading scholars to examine how airports both shape and are shaped by current political, social, and economic conditions.
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1069:
Apart from major fast food chains, some airport restaurants offer regional cuisine specialties for those in transit so that they may sample local food without leaving the airport.
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1957:). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special
499:
stated that there were approximately 44,000 "airports or airfields recognizable from the air" around the world, including 15,095 in the US, the US having the most in the world.
2942:
A comprehensive, consumer/business directory of commercial airports in the world (primarily for airports as businesses, rather than for pilots) is organized by the trade group
1337:
have a transit system that connects some of the gates to a main terminal. Airports with more than one terminal have a transit system to connect the terminals together, such as
982:
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1448:(CTAF) for the benefit of other aircraft in the area. The CTAF may be a Universal Integrated Community (UNICOM), MULTICOM, Flight Service Station (FSS), or tower frequency.
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3817:
4344:
3751:
2002:. Microburst radar was developed as an aid to safety during landing, giving two to five minutes' warning to aircraft in the vicinity of the field of a microburst event.
1949:
Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is
1076:
Major airports in such countries as Russia and Japan offer miniature sleeping units within the airport that are available for rent by the hour. The smallest type is the
2512:(ICAO). In the 1940s, the slope-line approach system was introduced. This consisted of two rows of lights that formed a funnel indicating an aircraft's position on the
2110:
measures performed by airport administration in terms of water, air, soil and noise pollution, resource conservation and protection of natural life around the airport.
4269:
1975:
Some airports are located next to parks, golf courses, or other low-density uses of land. Other airports are located near densely populated urban or suburban areas.
600:, the owner of the airports, a predetermined sum of money based on the number of passengers handled by the airports. The rest of India's airports are managed by the
810:
for inter-terminal airside transit. Their airlines can arrange for baggage to be routed directly to the passenger's destination. Most major airports issue a secure
1153:
and
Internet access, and power outlets that passengers may use for their electronic equipment. Some airline lounges employ baristas, bartenders and gourmet chefs.
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1002:
Airport security normally requires baggage checks, metal screenings of individual persons, and rules against any object that could be used as a weapon. Since the
524:
originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports – it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the
Spanish
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Many airports are local monopolies. To prevent them from abusing their market power, governments regulate how much airports may charge to airlines, using
5395:
4442:
DeVault, Travis L.; Belant, Jerrold L.; Blackwell, Bradley F.; Martin, James A.; Schmidt, Jason A.; Wes Burger, L.; Patterson, James W. (March 1, 2012).
136:
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came into use. These indicated the proper direction and angle of descent. The colours and flash intervals of these lights became standardized under the
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examination of export and import cargo by the airport authorities. Designated areas or sheds may be given to airlines or freight forward ring agencies.
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is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and almost every airfield includes equipment and procedures for handling emergency situations.
1605:(ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the
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is a building with passenger facilities. Small airports have one terminal. Large ones often have multiple terminals, though some large airports, like
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level of physical security, although in recent years, many countries have adopted the same level of security for international and domestic travel.
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which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g.
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A ground power unit for supplying electricity. As the engines will be switched off, they will not be generating electricity as they do in flight.
1507:
the circuit. Aircraft which are only passing through the airspace must also contact tower control to be sure they remain clear of other traffic.
647:
Title 14 Part 139, "Certification of
Commercial Service Airports" but maintained by the local airport under the regulatory authority of the FAA.
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1145:
Airline lounges frequently offer free or reduced cost food, as well as alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. Lounges themselves typically have
2477:
Following the war, some of these military airfields added civil facilities for handling passenger traffic. One of the earliest such fields was
581:
379:
That is to say, all airports are aerodromes, but not all aerodromes are airports. In jurisdictions where there is no legal distinction between
453:
as well as incorporating all the aforementioned elements. Such airports rank among the most complex and largest of all built typologies, with
1455:
ATC operations. In those cases, non-towered procedures apply when the tower is not in use, such as at night. Non-towered airports come under
781:
and is part of the public realm, while access to the airside zone is tightly controlled. Landside facilities may include publicly accessible
4832:
1546:, without orbit the runway for visual reasons, whenever this is possible. For smaller piston engined airplanes at smaller airfields without
4502:"Evaluating the role of solar photovoltaic and battery storage in supporting electric aviation and vehicle infrastructure at Visby Airport"
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in China, which was built to accommodate planes in 1904, and airships in 1907, opened in 1910. It was in operation until
September 2019.
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handling the loading and unloading of passengers, crew, baggage and other services. Some groundcrew are linked to specific airlines.
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Along taxiways, blue lights indicate the taxiway's edge, and some airports have embedded green lights that indicate the centerline.
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2316:
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as well. Other noises and environmental concerns are vehicle traffic causing noise and pollution on roads leading to the airport.
5380:
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2501:, East Prussia. The airports of this era used a paved "apron", which permitted night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft.
1721:, whether an AWOS, ASOS, or AWSS, a human observer or a combination of the two. These weather observations, predominantly in the
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before being permitted to enter the airside zone. Conversely, passengers arriving from an international flight must pass through
674:(AIP), Facilities and Equipment (F&E), and Research, Engineering, and Development (RE&D) are the three major accounts of
3080:
5435:
3978:
Basner, Mathias; Clark, Charlotte; Hansell, Anna; Hileman, James I.; Janssen, Sabine; Shepherd, Kevin; Sparrow, Victor (2017).
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2429:—which started operations in January 1920—to claim to be one of the world's oldest continuously operating commercial airports.
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742:, bookstores, restaurants and money exchange. Car parking is a growing source of revenue for airports, as more people use the
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crews are equipped for dealing with airfield accidents, crew and passenger extractions, and the hazards of highly flammable
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On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway.
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in March 1920. In 1922, the first permanent airport and commercial terminal solely for commercial aviation was opened at
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2407:, United States, was built to accommodate planes in 1905 and airships in 1911, and is still in use as of February 2024.
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Some airports have unofficial names, possibly so widely circulated that its official name is little used or even known.
454:
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1474:, though a single controller may work both stations. The busiest airports may subdivide responsibilities further, with
1304:
925:, to transport baggage from the baggage drop-off to departing planes, and from arriving planes to the baggage reclaim.
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The distances passengers need to move within a large airport can be substantial. It is common for airports to provide
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the economic stability and staff resources necessary to grow in-house expertise and fund comprehensive new programs.
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predominate, and mainly enable a company's maintenance activity to be monitored, planned, recorded and rationalized.
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90:
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86.342 (2019): 300–335; In USA, airport size has a positive effect on local employment, with an elasticity of 0.04.
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180:, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a
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2888:(CAA). Pooley's also contains information on some continental European airports that are close to Great Britain.
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Most airport names include the location. Many airport names honour a public figure, commonly a politician (e.g.,
1978:
An airport can have areas where collisions between aircraft on the ground tend to occur. Records are kept of any
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For both sets of passengers, there must be a link between the passenger facilities and the aircraft, such as
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4671:"Hand-Hygiene Mitigation Strategies Against Global Disease Spreading through the Air Transportation Network"
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In the US, commercial airports are generally operated directly by government entities or government-created
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opened in 1913 and remains in use, although it served as an American military field between 1945 and 1949.
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1296:('freeways' or 'motorways') from which motor vehicles enter either the departure loop or the arrival loop.
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577:
474:
387:, which term to use in the name of an aerodrome may be a commercial decision. In US technical/legal usage,
146:
2413:
opened in January 1911, making it the oldest commercial airport in the world which is still in operation.
729:
in New York City charges $ 45 per hour for a plane of 100,000 pounds and the price increases with weight.
7704:
6796:
6694:
6244:
6196:
4952:
4586:
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1740:
the wind to achieve maximum performance. Because pilots need instantaneous information during landing, a
1692:
1451:
The majority of the world's airports are small facilities without a tower. Not all towered airports have
1281:
1229:
841:
671:
644:
601:
597:
496:
489:
157:
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which has the distinction of being the first privately owned public airport in Pakistan and South Asia.
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6161:
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5905:
5375:
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traffic. Runways were extended out to 3,000 m (9,800 ft). The fields were constructed out of
2418:
1999:
1813:
1709:
1213:
853:
624:
589:
512:
109:
Sample infrastructure of a typical airport. Larger airports usually contain more runways and terminals.
4367:
3536:"The Current Situation and Change in Airport Revenues: Research on The Europe's Five Busiest Airports"
7808:
7600:
7590:
7436:
7327:
6434:
6156:
5723:
5500:
5306:
5291:
3627:
2884:
The information is found in Pooley's Flight Guide, a publication compiled with the assistance of the
2513:
2494:
2348:
2300:
2071:
1704:
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1617:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1547:
1293:
1169:
often have their own on-site and adjacent infrastructure to transfer parcels between ground and air.
1061:
521:
1463:(RVT) is a system in which ATC is handled by controllers who are not present at the airport itself.
399:
means "a landing area used regularly by aircraft for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo".
7625:
6374:
6216:
6131:
5920:
5505:
5495:
5281:
4407:"Ground-based power supply system to operate hybrid-electric aircraft for future regional airports"
2813:
2763:
2683:
2505:
2486:
2378:
2107:
1754:
1673:
1613:
1530:
1516:
1466:
Air traffic control responsibilities at airports are usually divided into at least two main areas:
1460:
790:, dining, or waiting passengers. Depending on the airport, passengers and staff must be checked by
771:
683:
628:
373:
280:
55:
35:
2582:
2185:
528:
consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just Heathrow. Germany's
488:
in China. It has a length of 5,500 m (18,045 ft). The world's widest paved runway is at
7729:
7689:
7635:
6206:
6171:
6136:
6028:
5834:
5764:
5625:
5370:
3889:
2737:
2396:
1950:
1870:
The length of time an aircraft remains on the ground in between consecutive flights is known as "
1609:(GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually become the primary means for instrument landings.
1334:
1237:
1217:
922:
515:
is publicly financed by the states of Berlin and Brandenburg and the Federal Republic of Germany.
481:
340:
4052:
3556:
2918:
also includes extensive airport data but has been unavailable to the public at large since 2006.
1010:, airport security has dramatically increased and gotten tighter and stricter than ever before.
818:
to employees, to assist in their reliable, standardized and efficient verification of identity.
7387:
7367:
7111:
7106:
6858:
6331:
6294:
5811:
5563:
1730:
1346:
1233:
1135:
1127:
344:
Aerial view of Hong Kong's old airport Kai Tak airport. Taken the day after the airport closed.
142:
72:
4735:
3775:
2461:
2361:. This includes some airports that do not have scheduled international airline services (e.g.
1898:
1854:
A toilet waste truck to empty the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft.
7744:
7724:
7539:
7372:
7032:
6714:
6520:
6321:
6239:
6211:
6201:
5713:
5620:
5573:
5510:
5296:
4083:
4031:
2789:
2713:
2439:
2404:
2400:
2358:
2232:
1968:. These tend to attract bird populations, which can pose a hazard to aircraft in the form of
1954:
1782:
837:
473:
In the United States, the minimum dimensions for dry, hard landing fields are defined by the
446:
369:
4791:
2750:
Several computer simulation games put the player in charge of an airport. These include the
2504:
The first lighting used on an airport was during the latter part of the 1920s; in the 1930s
1381:, there have been discussions on the need for systemic improvements in three primary areas:
372:
reserved exclusively for those aerodromes certified or licensed as airports by the relevant
7719:
7684:
7412:
7382:
7337:
7148:
7027:
6741:
6704:
6525:
6336:
6191:
6101:
6091:
5856:
5850:
5698:
5405:
5019:
4922:
4682:
4513:
4500:
Ollas; Sigarchian; Alfredsson; Leijon; Santos Döhler; Aalhuizen; Thiringer; Thomas (2023).
4455:
4129:
3313:
3043:
2929:(AIP) is provided by Japan Aeronautical Information Service Center, under the authority of
2689:
2485:, near Paris. The first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services was
2382:
2308:
2163:
2021:
2005:
Some airfields now have a special surface known as soft concrete at the end of the runway (
1935:
1225:
1221:
1205:
1003:
963:" are being designed which could be located out at sea and which would use designs such as
759:
4418:
1874:". Airlines seek to minimize turnaround times, with times scheduled as low as 25 minutes.
1248:
lines or other non-road public transport systems. Some examples of this would include the
255:
8:
7759:
7739:
7554:
7249:
7128:
6921:
6916:
6612:
6562:
6510:
6269:
6221:
6146:
6121:
6086:
6081:
5915:
5893:
5583:
5420:
5250:
2862:
2695:
2629:
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1652:
1503:
1456:
1441:
1430:
690:
tax are the taxes that are paid by the passengers and airlines help fund these accounts.
485:
427:
221:
193:
5023:
4686:
4517:
4459:
4133:
2357:
Some airport names include the word "International" to indicate their ability to handle
1597:(VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a
1180:
7513:
7314:
6941:
6746:
6729:
6652:
6259:
5863:
5195:
5133:
5108:
4893:"Muscat International Airport to install USD10 million Aaronia counter-UAS system"
4761:
4716:
4628:
4601:
4190:
4014:
3979:
3688:
3465:
2846:
2611:
1943:
1668:
1555:
1396:
1289:
1273:
777:
Airports are divided into landside and airside zones. The landside is subject to fewer
260:
5092:
Horonjeff, Robert, Francis X. McKelvey, William J. Sproule, and Seth B. Young. (2010)
4652:"Study Shows The Huge Impact Our Gross Airport Hygiene Has on The Spread of Pandemics"
4602:"Deposition of respiratory virus pathogens on frequently touched surfaces at airports"
4220:
Anurag, Anurag; Zhang, Jiemin; Gwamuri, Jephias; Pearce, Joshua M. (August 12, 2017).
3404:"Airport and Airway Trust Fund: Preliminary Observations on Past, Present, and Future"
1620:. Once the pilots can see the runway lights, they may continue with a visual landing.
1589:
There are a number of aids, both visual and electronic, though not at all airports. A
7803:
7472:
7138:
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6664:
6607:
6490:
6384:
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6096:
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5600:
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5138:
5071:
4996:
4741:
4720:
4708:
4633:
4558:
4543:"Charging Technology for Electric Aircraft: State of the Art, Trends, and Challenges"
4479:
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4422:
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4383:
4243:
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4001:
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3595:
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2093:
1860:
A refueling vehicle. The fuel may come from a tanker, or from underground fuel tanks.
1563:
1378:
1209:
1204:
Many large airports are located near railway trunk routes for seamless connection of
616:
553:
529:
217:
5199:
5008:"Ready for take-off? The economic effects of regional airport expansions in Germany"
3692:
3154:
3128:
3076:
1593:(VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a
220:. In some countries, the US in particular, airports also typically have one or more
7783:
7699:
7663:
7653:
7610:
7605:
7585:
7580:
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7407:
7377:
6868:
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6632:
6627:
6547:
6505:
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6151:
6111:
6008:
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5703:
5683:
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5635:
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5515:
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5344:
5316:
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5128:
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5027:
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1979:
1924:
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791:
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225:
201:
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5032:
5007:
2731:
2032:
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that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain or fog.
1058:
artworks next to the airport's shops in order to draw passengers into the stores.
7498:
7332:
7168:
6989:
6873:
6843:
6786:
6674:
6659:
6379:
6341:
6309:
6284:
6166:
6068:
6038:
6023:
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5520:
5172:
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2410:
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992:
245:
237:
4542:
4406:
4291:
3675:
3658:
3287:
2914:(A/FD) (now officially termed the Chart Supplement) published in seven volumes.
2374:
concrete surfaces would allow landings regardless of meteorological conditions.
1886:
To manage these airport assets, several solutions are competing for the market:
1643:
928:
The area where the aircraft parks to load passengers and baggage is known as an
7714:
7615:
7595:
7431:
7352:
7143:
7068:
6997:
6791:
6582:
6415:
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6304:
6274:
6249:
6231:
6176:
6126:
6116:
6106:
5910:
5770:
5760:
5708:
5673:
5590:
5568:
5530:
5349:
5339:
5052:
Airline network development in Europe and its implications for airport planning
4986:
Airport engineering: planning, design, and development of 21st century airports
4292:"Kandt and R. Romero . Implementing Solar Technologies at Airports NREL Report"
3840:
2751:
2426:
2422:
2414:
2251:
2098:
2062:
1647:
1629:
1326:
1131:
996:
881:
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803:
799:
795:
787:
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249:
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and other environmental impacts, making them sites that acutely experience the
213:
209:
4618:
4467:
4142:
4117:
1842:(in some airports) or stairs unit to allow passengers to embark and disembark.
1490:
Ground control is responsible for directing all ground traffic in designated "
639:
such as Boundary Bay Airport and Pitt Meadows Airport, are municipally owned.
477:. These include considerations for safety margins during landing and takeoff.
152:
7797:
7764:
7709:
7304:
7289:
7269:
7264:
7007:
6893:
6776:
6736:
6724:
6617:
6483:
6346:
6264:
6033:
5888:
5733:
5578:
5334:
5276:
5266:
5080:
Naked Airport: A Cultural History of the World's Most Revolutionary Structure
4562:
4554:
4475:
4391:
4247:
4151:
4005:
3684:
3550:"SCHEDULE OF CHARGES FOR AIR TERMINALS John F. Kennedy International Airport"
3011:
3001:
1939:
1817:
1408:
1241:
1166:
1077:
778:
431:
233:
205:
4670:
4577:"Airport security bins can be germier than the bathrooms, a new study finds"
4443:
2498:
2133:
The world's first airport to be fully powered by solar energy is located at
360:
may imply or confer a certain stature upon the aviation facility that other
212:, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and
7778:
7749:
7734:
7534:
7518:
7508:
7477:
7457:
7441:
7402:
7362:
7357:
7342:
7299:
7022:
6801:
6709:
6622:
6537:
6500:
6141:
6058:
6048:
6043:
6013:
5826:
5755:
5688:
5640:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5558:
5540:
5286:
5173:"Evolution of domestic airport networks: A review and comparative analysis"
5142:
5058:
Gillen, David (2011). "The evolution of airport ownership and governance".
4712:
4637:
4483:
4368:"Fully solar powered airport: A case study of Cochin International airport"
4023:
3996:
3581:
3403:
2972:
2677:
2647:
2605:
2559:
2551:
2540:
2269:
2246:
is a warship that functions as a mobile airbase. Aircraft carriers allow a
2236:
2122:
1942:. The crews are also trained to deal with situations such as bomb threats,
1771:
1374:
1249:
815:
807:
467:
376:
after meeting specified certification criteria or regulatory requirements.
177:
3374:
2777:
and contact information where prior arrangement for landing is necessary.
2215:, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example,
1377:. After thousands of ground operations staff left the industry during the
7754:
7392:
7254:
7224:
7214:
7002:
6969:
6949:
6806:
6567:
6361:
6315:
6186:
6052:
5968:
5790:
5747:
5663:
4703:
4581:
3343:
2470:
2438:
near Bangkok, Thailand, opened 1914, is also a contender, as well as the
2137:, India. Another airport known for considering environmental concerns is
1972:. Airport crews often need to discourage birds from taking up residence.
1969:
1126:
and dedicated check-in counters. These services are usually reserved for
1007:
743:
713:
699:
604:. In Pakistan nearly all civilian airports are owned and operated by the
593:
585:
326:
113:
105:
5535:
5042:
4222:"General Design Procedures for Airport-Based Solar Photovoltaic Systems"
3707:
1554:
one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m)
1399:
where ground operations occur are generally divided into three regions:
1369:
Airport operations are made possible by an organized network of trained
650:
Despite the reluctance to privatize airports in the US (contrary to the
7694:
7564:
7284:
7279:
7199:
7101:
6979:
6959:
6911:
6878:
6848:
6813:
6756:
6684:
6679:
6642:
6572:
6557:
6532:
6515:
6478:
6405:
5718:
5525:
4957:
4694:
4444:"Airports Offer Unrealized Potential for Alternative Energy Production"
4307:"Airports could power 100,000 homes if we covered them in solar panels"
4238:
4221:
2822:
2659:
2641:
2635:
2591:
2482:
2421:
opened on September 16, 1916, as a military airfield, but has accepted
2154:
2040:, India, the world's first airport to be fully powered by solar energy.
1995:
1987:
1839:
1825:
1767:
1245:
914:
284:
276:
5219:
5109:"Airport risk of importation and exportation of the COVID-19 pandemic"
4993:
Imperial Airways – The Birth of the British Airline Industry 1914–1940
4091:
George Mason University Center for Air Transportation Systems Research
2792:, a government owned corporation charged with managing Australian ATC.
259:
Commercial jets wait for the "7am hold" to pass before departing from
7397:
7347:
7294:
7209:
7163:
7133:
7123:
7063:
7017:
6974:
6964:
6883:
6853:
6838:
6781:
6637:
6495:
6400:
5658:
3205:
2671:
2623:
2193:
2010:
2006:
1927:'s runway. The movable barrier closes when aircraft land or take off.
1543:
1081:
1039:
987:
537:
525:
361:
330:
295:
169:
6818:
2519:
2044:
2020:
to respond to emergencies. These use specialized vehicles, known as
272:
7229:
7219:
7204:
7194:
7173:
7153:
7118:
7096:
7058:
7049:
7012:
6926:
6699:
6669:
6426:
6076:
5775:
5693:
5550:
5324:
4176:
3659:"Single Till or Dual Till at Airports: A Two-sided Market Analysis"
3591:
2991:
2800:
2180:
1920:
1759:
1741:
1502:
Tower control is responsible for aircraft on the runway and in the
1099:
918:
507:
423:
419:
321:
307:
301:
185:
173:
3437:. Montreal, Quebec, Canada: Airports Council International. 2023.
2711:. They have also played important parts in television series like
2550:
Airport construction boomed during the 1960s with the increase in
2532:
7544:
7421:
7259:
7091:
6931:
6903:
6833:
6823:
6719:
5998:
5990:
5780:
5743:
5482:
5329:
5258:
2986:
2381:
near Paris was established in 1907 and has been operating since.
1965:
1958:
1404:
1265:
903:
863:
The following facilities are essential for departing passengers:
811:
533:
439:
435:
189:
31:
4405:
Meindl, Markus; März, Martin; Weber, Kai Johannes (March 2023).
4165:
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering (October 23, 2019).
2935:
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of Japan
2516:. Additional lights indicated incorrect altitude and direction.
2339:) or a prominent figure in aviation history of the region (e.g.
1357:
1018:
890:
The following facilities are essential for arriving passengers:
7244:
7239:
7158:
6863:
6689:
6542:
5728:
4541:
Liang, Yawen; Mouli, Gautham Ram Chandra; Bauer, Pavol (2023).
4499:
2528:
2454:
2113:
A 2019 report from the Cooperative Research Programs of the US
1789:
1400:
1288:(MBTA). Such a connection lowers risk of missed flights due to
1277:
1188:
944:
197:
181:
4984:
Ashford, Norman J., Saleh Mumayiz, and Paul H. Wright. (2011)
4164:
3628:"Economy Parking | Chicago O'Hare International Airport (ORD)"
983:
Airport security repercussions due to the September 11 attacks
263:
in Orange County (Santa Ana), California, on February 14, 2015
6954:
4945:"Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP), NOTAMs in Japan"
2915:
2850:
2148:
1831:
Among the vehicles that serve an airliner on the ground are:
1722:
1165:
In addition to people, airports move cargo around the clock.
1150:
1111:
1085:
1043:
718:
434:. Such a base typically includes a stretch of open water for
204:, to maintain and monitor aircraft. Larger airports may have
4737:
Soft Landing: Airline Industry Strategy, Service, and Safety
4441:
2445:
2027:
7319:
7274:
6888:
6751:
2574:
which have been installed on major international airports.
2247:
2219:
in the UK has a terminal that caters to passengers for the
1851:
A catering service to deliver food and drinks for a flight.
1835:
A tow tractor to move the aircraft in and out of the berth.
1452:
1370:
1122:
services. The premium and VIP services may include express
470:, has a runway that is only 122 m (400 ft) long.
334:
5163:
Sheard, Nicholas. (2019) "Airport size and urban growth."
4116:
Yesudian, Aaron N.; Dawson, Richard J. (January 1, 2021).
1240:. It is also common to connect an airport and a city with
1080:
popular in Japan. A slightly larger variety is known as a
6473:
4337:"world's first solar power airport is in Kerala - qoobon"
3977:
3317:
2167:
1764:
1578:
1119:
651:
4219:
1866:
A vehicle to transport luggage to and from the terminal.
1748:
1329:, buses, and rail transport systems. Some airports like
1177:
areas – export, import, and interline or transshipment.
856:, still have one terminal. The terminal has a series of
738:
part of non-aeronautical revenue airports makes through
192:, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as
5840:
Air route authority between the United States and China
4792:"Pearson Field - Fort Vancouver National Historic Site"
3402:
Office, U. S. Government Accountability (May 4, 2005).
2566:
The malicious use of UAVs has led to the deployment of
1863:
A conveyor belt unit for loading and unloading luggage.
670:
which finances aviation programs in the United States.
5171:
Wandelt, Sebastian; Sun, Xiaoqian; Zhang, Jun (2019).
4599:
2839:
European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation
1857:
A water truck to fill the water tanks of the aircraft.
1091:
Some airports provide smoking areas and prayer areas.
698:
Airports revenues are divided into three major parts:
356:
are often interchanged. However, in general, the term
3708:"Single-Till versus Dual-Till Regulation of Airports"
2086:
now. A temperature rise of 2C – consistent with the
860:, which provide passengers with access to the plane.
348:
In colloquial use in certain environments, the terms
4118:"Global analysis of sea level rise risk to airports"
3129:"Helipad – Definition of helipad by Merriam-Webster"
3077:"Airport – Definition of airport by Merriam-Webster"
3029:
List of cities with more than one commercial airport
2954:
2489:
in August 1919, but it was closed and supplanted by
4921:. Airservices.gov.au. July 16, 2010. Archived from
4547:
IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification
3530:
3528:
2377:The title of "world's oldest airport" is disputed.
897:Baggage reclaim facilities, often in the form of a
4956:
4366:Sukumaran, Sreenath; Sudhakar, K. (July 1, 2017).
3808:"Your Misery at the Airport Is Great for Business"
3774:
3155:"Hangar – Definition of hangar by Merriam-Webster"
3103:"Runway – Definition of runway by Merriam-Webster"
2121:A growing number of airports are installing solar
1292:. Large airports usually have access also through
502:
418:An airport solely serving helicopters is called a
4867:"Heathrow picks C-UAS to combat drone disruption"
4365:
4036:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
3949:"Improve your airport maintenance with your CMMS"
2337:Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport
2258:
1888:CMMS (computerized maintenance management system)
1084:. An even larger type is provided by the company
949:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport
878:Passport control (for some international flights)
244:. Airports are also vulnerable infrastructure to
7795:
5101:Wayfinding, Consumption, and Air Terminal Design
4668:
4084:"Introduction to Airports Design and Operations"
3867:Wayfinding, Consumption, and Air Terminal Design
3525:
1331:Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport
627:authority that oversees several airports in the
574:Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport
492:in Russia and is 105 m (344 ft) wide.
412:Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport
172:with extended facilities, mostly for commercial
5879:Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives
5170:
4540:
4404:
2865:(Federal Office for Civil Aviation of Germany).
1361:The apron from the top floor observation room,
1149:, showers, quiet areas, televisions, computer,
750:in Chicago charges $ 2 per hour for every car.
5106:
4115:
3980:"Aviation Noise Impacts: State of the Science"
2876:edited by Delville and published by Breitling.
1883:maintain them at an optimal level of service.
1725:format, are available over the radio, through
894:Passport control (international arrivals only)
770:"Airside" redirects here. For other uses, see
582:Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport
364:may not have achieved. In some jurisdictions,
137:Simón Bolívar International Airport (Colombia)
6442:
5235:
4949:Japan Aeronautical Information Service Center
4262:"7 cool solar installations at U.S. airports"
2078:programs where they frighten or shoot birds.
1902:"FLF Panther" airport crash tender in Germany
1550:equipment, things are very different though.
765:
3879:USA Today newspaper, October 17, 2006, p. 2D
2577:
2431:Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport
2125:arrays to offset their electricity use. The
1964:Many airports are built near open fields or
1520:
1160:
1073:overnight lodging for displaced passengers.
721:and shows which is paid while paying for an
562:Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport
5005:
3705:
2434:busiest that is still currently operating.
2288:Airports are uniquely represented by their
1195:
1094:
732:
325:refer to airports dedicated exclusively to
6449:
6435:
5242:
5228:
2368:
2149:Airport hygiene and public health concerns
1436:A "towered" or "controlled" airport has a
1385:Improving talent acquisition and retention
1286:Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
449:has additional facilities for customs and
5132:
5041:
5031:
4702:
4627:
4617:
4525:
4305:Melville, Sabrina Fearon (May 21, 2021).
4237:
4141:
4013:
3995:
3942:
3940:
3776:"The Airline Pilots Forum & Resource"
3674:
3656:
2853:services for multiple European countries.
2803:is responsible for the airports in Brazil
2570:(C-UAS) technologies such as the Aaronia
2510:International Civil Aviation Organization
2321:Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport
2028:Environmental concerns and sustainability
1877:
1482:, and/or other specialized ATC stations.
558:Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport
91:Learn how and when to remove this message
5085:Halpern, Nigel, and Anne Graham. (2013)
4304:
4168:Airport Greenhouse Gas Reduction Efforts
4050:
3838:
3344:"Airport & Airway Trust Fund (AATF)"
3186:16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
2900:also publishes an online AIP for the UK.
2784:Information can be found on-line in the
2581:
2518:
2460:
2444:
2385:in Maryland, US, established in 1909 by
2268:
2199:An airbase, sometimes referred to as an
2184:
2092:
2043:
2031:
2009:or blastpad) that behaves somewhat like
1986:During the 1980s, a phenomenon known as
1905:
1897:
1798:
1776:
1758:
1708:
1680:to save electricity and staffing costs.
1676:, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use
1651:
1577:
1418:
1356:
1303:
1179:
1098:
1060:
1054:(MSRP) but are almost never discounted.
1029:
1017:
1013:
986:
938:
836:
825:
570:Thiruvananthapuram International Airport
506:
455:15 of the top 50 buildings by floor area
406:
339:
271:
254:
151:
141:
131:
120:
112:
104:
54:This article includes a list of general
5249:
4772:from the original on September 25, 2019
4272:from the original on September 16, 2017
3294:from the original on September 13, 2015
2886:United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority
2587:Washington Dulles International Airport
2425:only since December 17, 1920, allowing
2343:), sometimes even famous writers (e.g.
1686:
1363:Halifax Stanfield International Airport
1024:Halifax Stanfield International Airport
706:
14:
7796:
5180:Transportmetrica B: Transport Dynamics
5057:
4919:"En route Supplement Australia (ERSA)"
4733:
4201:from the original on February 21, 2020
4081:
4051:Drescher, Cynthia (November 5, 2018).
3946:
3937:
3820:from the original on September 7, 2017
3754:from the original on September 9, 2022
3657:Malavolti, Estelle (January 1, 2016).
3401:
3161:from the original on November 17, 2015
3135:from the original on November 17, 2015
3083:from the original on December 10, 2018
3039:List of defunct international airports
2757:
1727:automatic terminal information service
1414:
1118:Airports may also contain premium and
1065:Smoking area inside Abu Dhabi airport.
668:Airport and Airway Development in 1970
311:also refer to airports, and the terms
6430:
5223:
5209:from the original on October 9, 2022.
4899:from the original on November 9, 2019
4873:from the original on November 9, 2019
4495:
4493:
4419:10.1109/ESARS-ITEC57127.2023.10114820
4347:from the original on January 26, 2022
4111:
4109:
4107:
4100:from the original on October 9, 2022.
3805:
3583:Guidebook for Managing Small Airports
3476:from the original on February 6, 2021
3391:from the original on October 9, 2022.
1749:Airport ground crew (ground handling)
1558:(AGL). Standard traffic patterns are
1352:
1339:John F. Kennedy International Airport
1299:
1264:that runs from the heart of downtown
1254:John F. Kennedy International Airport
1052:manufacturers' suggested retail price
532:is managed by the quasi-private firm
475:FAR Landing And Takeoff Field Lengths
6456:
5082:(University of Chicago Press, 2008).
4063:from the original on January 6, 2023
3715:Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper
3665:. Transport Research Arena TRA2016.
3494:
3372:
3034:List of countries without an airport
2927:Aeronautical Information Publication
2843:Aeronautical Information Publication
2754:series, SimAirport and Airport CEO.
2726:America's Next Top Model (season 10)
2363:Port Elizabeth International Airport
2317:Soekarno–Hatta International Airport
2305:George Bush Intercontinental Airport
2174:
1893:
1573:
1388:Implementing global standardizations
1321:List of airport people mover systems
1270:Seattle–Tacoma International Airport
402:
250:climate change caused sea level rise
40:
5151:Airports: A Century of Architecture
5060:Journal of Air Transport Management
4802:from the original on March 30, 2021
4669:Nicolaides, C; et al. (2020).
4372:Journal of Air Transport Management
3959:from the original on March 28, 2019
3947:Mothes, Daphné (January 15, 2019).
3841:"Why is airport food so expensive?"
3839:Crockett, Zachary (July 20, 2019).
3806:Gross, Daniel (September 7, 2017).
3638:from the original on March 26, 2019
3410:from the original on April 30, 2019
3375:"The Airport and Airway Trust Fund"
3354:from the original on April 17, 2019
3216:from the original on April 10, 2018
2595:; the movie was actually filmed at
2451:Bender Qassim International Airport
2333:Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport
1391:Digitizing and automating processes
970:
753:
542:Indira Gandhi International Airport
442:, and seaplane docks for tying-up.
27:Facility with a runway for aircraft
24:
7621:Transit-oriented development (TOD)
4490:
4104:
3772:
3324:from the original on July 29, 2010
3109:from the original on June 12, 2018
2345:Allama Iqbal International Airport
1510:
693:
657:
546:Rajiv Gandhi International Airport
540:operates, through joint ventures,
60:it lacks sufficient corresponding
30:For the Apple product series, see
25:
7825:
5817:Environmental effects of aviation
5215:
5107:Nakamura, H.; Managi, S. (2020).
4317:from the original on May 23, 2021
3915:"Why do airports have windsocks?"
3890:"CNS Partnership Conference 2023"
3870:(London: Routledge, 2020), 44-47.
3787:from the original on May 10, 2021
3724:from the original on June 7, 2023
3373:Tang, Rachel (January 31, 2017).
3064:Historical dictionary of aviation
2997:Environmental effects of aviation
2597:Los Angeles International Airport
2467:New Orleans International Airport
2207:, provides basing and support of
2097:Open area near the runway at the
1763:An aircraft tow tractor moving a
1719:automated airport weather station
1701:Automated airport weather station
1485:
1446:common traffic advisory frequency
1343:Mexico City International Airport
633:Los Angeles International Airport
606:Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority
242:environmental effects of aviation
176:. Airports usually consist of a
7777:
7631:Transportation demand management
5072:10.1016/j.jairtraman.2010.10.003
4384:10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.04.004
3663:Transportation Research Procedia
3608:from the original on May 6, 2019
3314:"Part 139 Airport Certification"
3206:"AirNav: 1ID9 – Skyline Airport"
2971:
2957:
2829:provides equivalent information.
2768:Aeronautical Information Service
2436:Don Mueang International Airport
2325:King Shaka International Airport
2313:O.R. Tambo International Airport
2058:Environmental impact of aviation
1990:became a growing concern due to
1794:King Shaka International Airport
1623:
1612:Larger airports sometimes offer
1497:
1425:Kempegowda International Airport
1036:Kempegowda International Airport
936:(or incorrectly, "the tarmac").
127:Kempegowda International Airport
45:
6411:Aviation taxation and subsidies
6370:Aircraft maintenance technician
6182:Pre-flight safety demonstration
5951:Intergovernmental organizations
5094:Planning and Design of Airports
4977:
4937:
4911:
4885:
4859:
4850:
4814:
4784:
4754:
4727:
4662:
4644:
4600:Ikonen, N; et al. (2018).
4593:
4569:
4534:
4435:
4398:
4359:
4329:
4298:
4284:
4254:
4213:
4158:
4075:
4044:
4000:(inactive September 12, 2024).
3971:
3907:
3882:
3873:
3858:
3832:
3799:
3766:
3736:
3699:
3650:
3620:
3574:
3542:
3488:
3458:
3422:
3395:
3366:
3336:
3306:
3280:
3254:
2894:Air Navigation Service Provider
2469:passenger terminal building in
2239:in India are examples of this.
1816:) of ground crew operations at
1591:visual approach slope indicator
1584:Visual Approach Slope Indicator
1313:Hong Kong International Airport
1104:Shahjalal International Airport
831:Cape Town International Airport
676:Federal Aviation Administration
664:Airport & Airway Trust Fund
566:Mangalore International Airport
550:Bengaluru International Airport
503:Airport ownership and operation
117:Airport distribution as of 2008
4988:(John Wiley & Sons, 2011).
4527:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121946
4053:"How Airports Keep Birds Away"
3382:Congressional Research Service
3228:
3198:
3189:
3173:
3147:
3121:
3095:
3069:
3056:
2944:Airports Council International
2666:Home Alone 2: Lost in New York
2341:Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport
2259:Airport designation and naming
870:, including a baggage drop-off
267:
13:
1:
6603:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
6290:Flight cancellation and delay
5884:European Common Aviation Area
5192:10.1080/21680566.2017.1301274
5125:10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.06.018
5050:Burghouwt, Guillaume. (2012)
5033:10.1080/00343404.2019.1659948
5006:Breidenbach, Philipp (2020).
3431:Airport Economics 2023 Report
3049:
2890:National Air Traffic Services
2788:(ERSA) which is published by
2786:En route Supplement Australia
2589:, ostensibly the setting for
2329:Liverpool John Lennon Airport
2127:National Renewable Energy Lab
2115:Transportation Research Board
1648:Runway § Runway lighting
1644:Taxiway § Taxiway lights
1529:At all airports the use of a
1373:, specialized equipment, and
965:pneumatic stabilized platform
906:(international arrivals only)
821:
610:Sialkot International Airport
460:
188:to take off and to land or a
7659:Passenger information system
5096:5th ed. (McGraw-Hill, 2010).
3497:"SUMMARY OF AIRPORT CHARGES"
3007:List of the busiest airports
2223:'s scheduled flights to the
2038:Cochin International Airport
1946:, and terrorist activities.
1630:Taxiway § Taxiway signs
1599:distance measuring equipment
1185:Recife International Airport
748:O'Hare International Airport
578:Jaipur International Airport
147:Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Airport
7:
6797:Demand-responsive transport
6695:Medium-capacity rail system
6245:Airline reservations system
6197:Special visual flight rules
4991:Bluffield, Robert. (2009).
4953:Japan Civil Aviation Bureau
3919:Piggotts Flags And Branding
3676:10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.489
3195:49 U.S.C. § 40102(a) (2012)
2950:
2931:Japan Civil Aviation Bureau
2568:counter unmanned air system
2327:), a cultural leader (e.g.
2050:São Paulo-Congonhas Airport
1818:Osaka International Airport
1729:(ATIS), via the ATC or the
1693:Surface weather observation
1637:
1282:Logan International Airport
1230:Hamad International Airport
995:as passengers walk through
921:. There also needs to be a
844:'s security clearance gates
672:Airport Improvement Program
645:Code of Federal Regulations
602:Airports Authority of India
598:Airports Authority of India
490:Ulyanovsk Vostochny Airport
414:is the busiest in the world
158:Dubai International Airport
10:
7830:
7560:Public transport timetable
6591:Passenger rail terminology
6300:Government contract flight
6162:Flight information service
5906:Hague Hijacking Convention
5899:EU–US Open Skies Agreement
5491:Pilot in command (Captain)
4796:U.S. National Park Service
4734:Thomas, Andrew R. (2011).
3024:Index of aviation articles
2911:Airport/Facility Directory
2898:public–private partnership
2841:(EUROCONTROL) provides an
2819:Water Aerodrome Supplement
2761:
2479:Paris – Le Bourget Airport
2419:Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
2262:
2211:. Some airbases, known as
2178:
2141:in the Galapagos Islands.
2055:
2000:Delta Air Lines Flight 191
1752:
1690:
1641:
1627:
1540:provided there is no queue
1514:
1318:
1294:controlled-access highways
1214:Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
980:
974:
854:Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
769:
766:Landside and airside areas
666:(AATF) was created by the
625:Los Angeles World Airports
590:Public Private Partnership
522:British Airports Authority
513:Berlin Brandenburg Airport
335:short take-off and landing
29:
7773:
7677:
7644:
7591:Green transport hierarchy
7573:
7527:
7491:
7450:
7328:Automated fare collection
7313:
7182:
7082:
7048:
6988:
6940:
6902:
6765:
6581:
6464:
6393:
6360:
6230:
6157:Flight information region
6067:
5989:
5949:
5825:
5802:
5742:
5724:Low-cost carrier terminal
5649:
5549:
5481:
5358:
5315:
5272:Airline holding companies
5257:
5099:Hubregtse, Menno. (2020)
5078:Gordon, Alastair. (2008)
4619:10.1186/s12879-018-3150-5
4468:10.1007/s00267-011-9803-4
4266:solarpowerworldonline.com
4143:10.1016/j.crm.2020.100266
2578:Airports in entertainment
2359:international air traffic
2349:Venice Marco Polo Airport
2301:Charles de Gaulle Airport
1781:Ground operations with a
1736:Planes take-off and land
1705:Automatic weather station
1678:pilot-controlled lighting
1607:Global Positioning System
1603:instrument landing system
1595:VHF omnidirectional range
1525:Left-hand circuit pattern
1161:Cargo and freight service
991:Baggage is scanned using
482:longest public-use runway
457:being airport terminals.
7626:Transportation authority
6375:Aircraft ground handling
6217:Upper information region
6132:Civil aviation authority
5921:Paris Convention of 1919
5153:(Harry N. Abrams, 2004).
4555:10.1109/TTE.2023.3333536
4448:Environmental Management
3781:www.theairlinepilots.com
3180:Canada Flight Supplement
2874:Aviation Generale Delage
2814:Canada Flight Supplement
2764:Civil aviation authority
2487:Hounslow Heath Aerodrome
2379:Toussus-le-Noble airport
2108:environmental protection
1755:Ground support equipment
1713:Automated weather system
1674:approach lighting system
1614:precision approach radar
1517:Airfield traffic pattern
1461:Remote and virtual tower
1196:Access and onward travel
1095:Premium and VIP services
909:A landside meeting place
772:Airside (disambiguation)
733:Non-aeronautical revenue
629:Greater Los Angeles area
422:. An airport for use by
374:civil aviation authority
125:Bangalore's new Airport
36:Airport (disambiguation)
7690:Bus rapid transit creep
7636:Transportation planning
6207:Terminal control center
6172:Instrument flight rules
6029:Baggage handling system
5835:Air transport agreement
5626:In-flight entertainment
5158:Politics at the Airport
4762:"再见!南苑机场的最后一晚和曾经辉煌的第一次"
4740:. Apress. p. 154.
4606:BMC Infectious Diseases
4122:Climate Risk Management
2825:under the authority of
2738:Air Crash Investigation
2397:Beijing Nanyuan Airport
2369:History and development
1951:airfield rubber removal
1457:area (en-route) control
1335:London Stansted Airport
1238:London Stansted Airport
1218:London Heathrow Airport
923:baggage handling system
842:Helsinki–Vantaa Airport
281:Oslo Gardermoen Airport
75:more precise citations.
7388:Manual fare collection
7368:Farebox recovery ratio
6859:Personal rapid transit
6332:Round-the-world ticket
6295:Frequent-flyer program
5149:Pearman, Hugh. (2004)
4768:. September 25, 2019.
4654:. 2020. Archived from
4585:. 2018. Archived from
4082:Sherry, Lance (2009).
3997:10.4103/nah.NAH_104_16
3706:Czerny; Zhang (2015).
2811:Two publications, the
2599:
2536:
2474:
2458:
2347:) and explorers (e.g.
2281:
2196:
2102:
2053:
2041:
1928:
1903:
1878:Maintenance management
1821:
1796:
1774:
1731:flight service station
1714:
1657:
1586:
1526:
1427:
1366:
1347:London Gatwick Airport
1316:
1309:Automated People Mover
1234:London Gatwick Airport
1192:
1115:
1066:
1046:
1027:
1022:Food court and shops,
999:
952:
845:
834:
727:John F Kennedy airport
516:
415:
345:
290:
264:
161:
149:
139:
129:
118:
110:
34:. For other uses, see
7745:Sustainable transport
7725:Passenger load factor
7540:Clock-face scheduling
7373:Free public transport
7225:Bus turnout (bus bay)
6922:Real-time ridesharing
6715:Platform screen doors
6322:Passenger name record
6240:Airline booking ploys
6212:Uncontrolled airspace
6202:Terminal control area
5804:Environmental effects
5714:International airport
5621:Crew rest compartment
5574:Premium economy class
5297:Non-scheduled airline
3744:"Landside Facilities"
3066:, History Press 2008.
2790:Airservices Australia
2585:
2522:
2464:
2448:
2440:Rome Ciampino Airport
2405:Vancouver, Washington
2401:Pearson Field Airport
2272:
2263:Further information:
2233:Bardufoss Air Station
2188:
2096:
2056:Further information:
2047:
2035:
2022:airport crash tenders
1994:caused by microburst
1961:fluids on the wings.
1955:foreign object damage
1918:
1901:
1811:
1783:South African Airways
1780:
1762:
1712:
1655:
1642:Further information:
1628:Further information:
1581:
1524:
1422:
1360:
1307:
1183:
1102:
1064:
1033:
1021:
1014:Products and services
990:
942:
840:
829:
510:
447:international airport
410:
343:
275:
258:
252:and other disasters.
155:
145:
135:
124:
116:
108:
7784:Transport portal
7720:Outline of transport
7413:Reduced fare program
7383:Integrated ticketing
7338:Contract of carriage
7149:Personal transporter
6705:Narrow-gauge railway
6553:Rail replacement bus
6192:Special use airspace
6102:Airport crash tender
6092:Aircraft safety card
5857:Cross-strait charter
5851:Bermuda II Agreement
5156:Salter, Mark. 2008.
4895:. January 21, 2019.
4343:. January 26, 2022.
3717:. TI 2015-049/VIII.
3262:"The World Factbook"
3236:"The World Factbook"
3044:List of hub airports
2690:Unaccompanied Minors
2383:College Park Airport
2309:Lennart Meri Airport
2279:Lennart Meri Airport
2164:University of Cyprus
2072:other health effects
2065:is a major cause of
2018:on-site firefighters
2016:Airports often have
1936:Airport crash tender
1687:Weather observations
1669:Runway edge lighting
1226:Tokyo Narita Airport
1222:Tokyo Haneda Airport
1206:multimodal transport
1134:passengers, premium
1004:September 11 attacks
760:price-cap regulation
707:Aeronautical revenue
596:, the operator pays
222:fixed-base operators
7760:Transport economics
7555:On-time performance
7550:Night (owl) service
7250:Interchange station
7129:Horse-drawn vehicle
6917:Flexible carpooling
6725:Metro/Rapid Transit
6270:Codeshare agreement
6222:Visual flight rules
6147:Controlled airspace
6122:Area control center
6087:Air traffic service
6082:Air traffic control
5931:Sabotage Convention
5916:Montreal Convention
5894:Freedoms of the air
5584:Basic economy class
5251:Commercial aviation
5024:2020RegSt..54.1084B
4798:. August 10, 2020.
4687:2020RiskA..40..723N
4589:on August 12, 2023.
4518:2023ApEn..35221946O
4460:2012EnMan..49..517D
4134:2021CliRM..3100266Y
4057:Condé Nast Traveler
2863:Luftfahrt-Bundesamt
2847:aeronautical charts
2758:Airport directories
2696:Catch Me If You Can
2556:reinforced concrete
2497:near what was then
2319:), a monarch (e.g.
1848:A cleaning service.
1824:Most airports have
1660:Many airports have
1504:controlled airspace
1431:Air traffic control
1415:Air traffic control
1008:Real ID Act of 2005
868:Check-in facilities
617:airport authorities
486:Qamdo Bamda Airport
484:in the world is at
428:amphibious aircraft
391:is used instead of
7514:Standing passenger
6777:Auto rickshaw taxi
6747:Suspension railway
6730:Rubber-tyred metro
6653:Heritage streetcar
6558:Share taxi/Taxibus
6260:Bereavement flight
5874:Chicago Convention
5864:Beijing Convention
5853:(UK–US, 1978–2008)
5847:(UK–US, 1946–1978)
5302:Passenger airlines
5103:(Routledge, 2020).
5089:(Routledge, 2013).
4695:10.1111/risa.13438
4268:. March 24, 2016.
4239:10.3390/en10081194
3984:Noise & Health
3748:Airport Consulting
3632:www.flychicago.com
3562:on August 19, 2019
3495:Farooqui, Aaryan.
2881:The United Kingdom
2600:
2537:
2475:
2459:
2282:
2197:
2103:
2054:
2042:
1992:aircraft accidents
1929:
1919:Road crossing of (
1904:
1822:
1797:
1775:
1715:
1658:
1587:
1556:above ground level
1527:
1476:clearance delivery
1428:
1367:
1353:Airport operations
1317:
1300:Internal transport
1290:traffic congestion
1193:
1116:
1067:
1047:
1034:Duty-free shop at
1028:
1000:
953:
846:
835:
744:parking facilities
517:
416:
346:
291:
265:
261:John Wayne Airport
218:emergency services
162:
150:
140:
130:
119:
111:
7814:Aviation industry
7791:
7790:
7483:Transport network
7473:Non-revenue track
7139:Inclined elevator
7074:Inclined elevator
7040:Inclined elevator
6665:Higher-speed rail
6608:Airport rail link
6491:Bus rapid transit
6424:
6423:
6385:Flight dispatcher
6280:Electronic ticket
6255:Airline timetable
6097:Airport authority
6004:Baggage allowance
5941:Warsaw Convention
5845:Bermuda Agreement
5679:Airport rail link
5601:Aircraft seat map
5596:Aircraft lavatory
5307:Regional airlines
5292:Low-cost airlines
5087:Airport marketing
5001:978-1-906537-07-4
4822:"Airport History"
4747:978-1-4302-3677-1
4428:979-8-3503-4689-3
4186:978-0-309-48079-6
3925:on April 26, 2018
3864:Menno Hubregtse,
3601:978-0-309-11787-6
3444:978-1-990290-44-2
3320:. June 19, 2009.
2905:The United States
2744:Good Will Hunting
2684:Final Destination
2560:slip-form machine
2525:Mariehamn Airport
2506:approach lighting
2457:, Somalia (2007).
2294:ICAO airport code
2290:IATA airport code
2229:Bardufoss Airport
2213:military airports
2209:military aircraft
2192:at an airbase in
2175:Military air base
2067:noise disturbance
1916:
1894:Safety management
1809:
1574:Navigational aids
1564:mid-air collision
1379:COVID-19 pandemic
1210:Frankfurt Airport
961:Floating airports
680:Passenger tickets
552:is controlled by
536:. While in India
530:Frankfurt Airport
403:Types of airports
283:captured from an
101:
100:
93:
18:Airside (airport)
16:(Redirected from
7821:
7809:Public transport
7782:
7781:
7700:Destination sign
7664:Platform display
7654:Destination sign
7611:Transit district
7606:Street hierarchy
7586:Complete streets
7581:Airport security
7463:Cross-city route
7408:Proof-of-payment
7378:Free travel pass
6869:Public light bus
6829:Hackney carriage
6648:Heritage railway
6633:Elevated railway
6628:Cross-city route
6548:Public light bus
6506:Cross-city route
6458:Public transport
6451:
6444:
6437:
6428:
6427:
6152:Evacuation slide
6112:Airport security
6009:Baggage carousel
5936:Tokyo Convention
5869:Cape Town Treaty
5704:Domestic airport
5684:Airport terminal
5669:Airport check-in
5631:Inflight smoking
5516:Flight attendant
5345:Vanilla Alliance
5282:Charter airlines
5244:
5237:
5230:
5221:
5220:
5210:
5208:
5177:
5146:
5136:
5113:Transport Policy
5075:
5054:(Ashgate, 2012).
5047:
5045:
5035:
5018:(8): 1084–1097.
5012:Regional Studies
4971:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4961:on July 22, 2011
4960:
4955:. Archived from
4941:
4935:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4925:on March 1, 2011
4915:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4878:
4863:
4857:
4856:Bluffield (2009)
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4838:on April 1, 2009
4837:
4831:. Archived from
4826:
4818:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4788:
4782:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4758:
4752:
4751:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4706:
4666:
4660:
4659:
4658:on June 4, 2023.
4648:
4642:
4641:
4631:
4621:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4538:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4497:
4488:
4487:
4439:
4433:
4432:
4413:. pp. 1–6.
4402:
4396:
4395:
4363:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4333:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4322:
4302:
4296:
4295:
4288:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4277:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4241:
4217:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4145:
4113:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4088:
4079:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4035:
4027:
4017:
3999:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3964:
3944:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3921:. Archived from
3911:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3886:
3880:
3877:
3871:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3825:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3778:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3723:
3712:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3678:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3643:
3624:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3561:
3555:. Archived from
3554:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3512:
3506:. Archived from
3501:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3436:
3426:
3420:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3379:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3359:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3264:. Archived from
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3242:on June 25, 2014
3238:. Archived from
3232:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3202:
3196:
3193:
3187:
3182:. Effective 0901
3177:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3099:
3093:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3073:
3067:
3060:
2981:
2979:Transport portal
2976:
2975:
2967:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2908:The US uses the
2861:Provided by the
2827:Transport Canada
2720:The Amazing Race
2391:general aviation
2277:, also known as
2265:List of airports
2244:aircraft carrier
2225:Falkland Islands
2217:RAF Brize Norton
2190:Fighter aircraft
2084:coastal flooding
2036:Solar panels at
1925:Sumburgh Airport
1917:
1810:
1656:Airport lighting
1533:(often called a
977:Airport security
971:Airport security
833:'s check-in hall
788:airside shopping
783:airport check-in
754:Price regulation
746:of the airport.
621:port authorities
584:are operated by
495:As of 2009, the
451:passport control
226:general aviation
96:
89:
85:
82:
76:
71:this article by
62:inline citations
49:
48:
41:
21:
7829:
7828:
7824:
7823:
7822:
7820:
7819:
7818:
7794:
7793:
7792:
7787:
7776:
7769:
7673:
7646:
7640:
7569:
7523:
7499:Checked baggage
7487:
7446:
7333:Bus advertising
7317:
7309:
7178:
7169:Trackless train
7112:Scooter-sharing
7107:Bicycle-sharing
7084:
7078:
7044:
6984:
6936:
6898:
6874:Pulled rickshaw
6844:Motorcycle taxi
6787:Combination bus
6768:
6761:
6675:Inter-city rail
6660:High-speed rail
6577:
6460:
6455:
6425:
6420:
6389:
6380:Baggage handler
6356:
6310:Open-jaw ticket
6285:Fare basis code
6232:Airline tickets
6226:
6167:Flight recorder
6069:Aviation safety
6063:
6039:Checked baggage
6024:Baggage handler
6019:Baggage reclaim
5985:
5945:
5926:Rome Convention
5821:
5798:
5786:Travel document
5738:
5645:
5545:
5521:Flight engineer
5477:
5354:
5311:
5253:
5248:
5218:
5213:
5206:
5175:
4980:
4975:
4974:
4964:
4962:
4943:
4942:
4938:
4928:
4926:
4917:
4916:
4912:
4902:
4900:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4876:
4874:
4865:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4835:
4824:
4820:
4819:
4815:
4805:
4803:
4790:
4789:
4785:
4775:
4773:
4760:
4759:
4755:
4748:
4732:
4728:
4667:
4663:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4598:
4594:
4575:
4574:
4570:
4539:
4535:
4498:
4491:
4440:
4436:
4429:
4403:
4399:
4364:
4360:
4350:
4348:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4320:
4318:
4303:
4299:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4275:
4273:
4260:
4259:
4255:
4218:
4214:
4204:
4202:
4187:
4163:
4159:
4114:
4105:
4097:
4086:
4080:
4076:
4066:
4064:
4049:
4045:
4029:
4028:
3976:
3972:
3962:
3960:
3945:
3938:
3928:
3926:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3898:
3896:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3878:
3874:
3863:
3859:
3849:
3847:
3837:
3833:
3823:
3821:
3804:
3800:
3790:
3788:
3771:
3767:
3757:
3755:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3710:
3704:
3700:
3655:
3651:
3641:
3639:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3611:
3609:
3602:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3534:
3533:
3526:
3516:
3514:
3510:
3499:
3493:
3489:
3479:
3477:
3470:guides.erau.edu
3464:
3463:
3459:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3413:
3411:
3400:
3396:
3388:
3377:
3371:
3367:
3357:
3355:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3327:
3325:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3297:
3295:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3271:
3269:
3268:on May 30, 2016
3260:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3243:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3217:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3194:
3190:
3178:
3174:
3164:
3162:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3138:
3136:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3112:
3110:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3086:
3084:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3061:
3057:
3052:
2977:
2970:
2965:Aviation portal
2963:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2821:, published by
2770:
2760:
2580:
2495:Flughafen Devau
2491:Croydon Airport
2411:Hamburg Airport
2371:
2275:Tallinn Airport
2267:
2261:
2221:Royal Air Force
2183:
2177:
2151:
2139:Seymour Airport
2088:Paris Agreement
2060:
2030:
1932:Aviation safety
1906:
1896:
1880:
1872:turnaround time
1799:
1786:Airbus A320-200
1757:
1751:
1707:
1697:Weather station
1689:
1650:
1640:
1632:
1626:
1576:
1535:traffic circuit
1531:traffic pattern
1519:
1513:
1511:Traffic pattern
1500:
1488:
1423:Airport Tower,
1417:
1355:
1327:moving walkways
1323:
1302:
1262:Link light rail
1208:, for instance
1198:
1163:
1136:frequent flyers
1097:
1016:
997:metal detectors
985:
979:
973:
874:Security checks
824:
804:moving walkways
775:
768:
756:
735:
709:
696:
694:Airport revenue
660:
658:Airport funding
623:), such as the
619:(also known as
505:
463:
405:
270:
246:extreme weather
238:noise pollution
210:taxiway bridges
97:
86:
80:
77:
67:Please help to
66:
50:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7827:
7817:
7816:
7811:
7806:
7789:
7788:
7774:
7771:
7770:
7768:
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7717:
7715:Land transport
7712:
7707:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7681:
7679:
7675:
7674:
7672:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7650:
7648:
7642:
7641:
7639:
7638:
7633:
7628:
7623:
7618:
7616:Transit police
7613:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7596:Rail subsidies
7593:
7588:
7583:
7577:
7575:
7571:
7570:
7568:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7531:
7529:
7525:
7524:
7522:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7495:
7493:
7489:
7488:
7486:
7485:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7468:Network length
7465:
7460:
7454:
7452:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7444:
7439:
7434:
7432:Ticket machine
7429:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7395:
7390:
7385:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7353:Fare avoidance
7350:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7324:
7322:
7311:
7310:
7308:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7235:Ferry terminal
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7202:
7197:
7192:
7186:
7184:
7180:
7179:
7177:
7176:
7171:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7144:Moving walkway
7141:
7136:
7131:
7126:
7121:
7116:
7115:
7114:
7109:
7099:
7094:
7088:
7086:
7080:
7079:
7077:
7076:
7071:
7069:Moving walkway
7066:
7061:
7055:
7053:
7046:
7045:
7043:
7042:
7037:
7036:
7035:
7030:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6998:Aerial tramway
6994:
6992:
6986:
6985:
6983:
6982:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6946:
6944:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6908:
6906:
6900:
6899:
6897:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6846:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6810:
6809:
6804:
6794:
6792:Cycle rickshaw
6789:
6784:
6779:
6773:
6771:
6763:
6762:
6760:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6742:Street running
6739:
6734:
6733:
6732:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6656:
6655:
6645:
6640:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6599:
6598:
6587:
6585:
6579:
6578:
6576:
6575:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6529:
6528:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6487:
6486:
6481:
6470:
6468:
6462:
6461:
6454:
6453:
6446:
6439:
6431:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6418:
6416:Mile high club
6413:
6408:
6403:
6397:
6395:
6391:
6390:
6388:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6366:
6364:
6358:
6357:
6355:
6354:
6352:Travel website
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6329:
6327:Red-eye flight
6324:
6319:
6312:
6307:
6305:One-way travel
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6275:Continent pass
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6250:Airline ticket
6247:
6242:
6236:
6234:
6228:
6227:
6225:
6224:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6177:Overwing exits
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6127:Brace position
6124:
6119:
6117:Airspace class
6114:
6109:
6107:Airport police
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6073:
6071:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6061:
6056:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5995:
5993:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5955:
5953:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5913:
5911:Hague Protocol
5908:
5903:
5902:
5901:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5860:
5859:
5854:
5848:
5842:
5831:
5829:
5823:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5814:
5808:
5806:
5800:
5799:
5797:
5796:
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5771:Departure card
5768:
5761:Border control
5758:
5752:
5750:
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5674:Airport lounge
5671:
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5643:
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5591:Aircraft cabin
5588:
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5581:
5576:
5571:
5569:Business class
5566:
5555:
5553:
5547:
5546:
5544:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5531:Aircraft pilot
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5501:Second officer
5498:
5493:
5487:
5485:
5479:
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5458:
5452:Other regions
5450:
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5408:
5402:United States
5400:
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5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
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5367:International
5364:
5362:
5356:
5355:
5353:
5352:
5350:U-FLY Alliance
5347:
5342:
5340:Value Alliance
5337:
5332:
5327:
5321:
5319:
5313:
5312:
5310:
5309:
5304:
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5216:External links
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4849:
4829:Sydney Airport
4813:
4783:
4753:
4746:
4726:
4681:(4): 723–740.
4661:
4643:
4592:
4568:
4533:
4506:Applied Energy
4489:
4454:(3): 517–522.
4434:
4427:
4397:
4358:
4341:www.qoobon.com
4328:
4297:
4283:
4253:
4212:
4185:
4177:10.17226/25609
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3619:
3600:
3592:10.17226/14275
3573:
3541:
3524:
3513:on May 6, 2019
3487:
3466:"Landing fees"
3457:
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2817:(CFS) and the
2809:
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2759:
2756:
2752:Airport Tycoon
2708:The Langoliers
2579:
2576:
2427:Sydney Airport
2423:civil aircraft
2415:Bremen Airport
2370:
2367:
2260:
2257:
2235:in Norway and
2179:Main article:
2176:
2173:
2150:
2147:
2099:Kuopio Airport
2063:Aircraft noise
2029:
2026:
1895:
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1753:Main article:
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1622:
1618:approach slope
1575:
1572:
1515:Main article:
1512:
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1492:movement areas
1487:
1486:Ground control
1484:
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1413:
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1167:Cargo airlines
1162:
1159:
1132:business class
1096:
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1012:
993:X-ray machines
975:Main article:
972:
969:
943:Terminal 2 at
911:
910:
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871:
823:
820:
800:border control
796:border control
767:
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734:
731:
723:airline ticket
708:
705:
695:
692:
659:
656:
504:
501:
462:
459:
404:
401:
288:Boeing 757-200
269:
266:
206:airport aprons
194:control towers
156:Terminal 3 at
99:
98:
53:
51:
44:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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7765:Micromobility
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7710:Hail and ride
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7305:Transport hub
7303:
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7290:Train station
7288:
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7285:Taxicab stand
7283:
7281:
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7273:
7271:
7270:Park and ride
7268:
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7265:Metro station
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7008:Cable railway
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6737:Regional rail
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6618:Commuter rail
6616:
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6521:Intercity bus
6519:
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6394:Miscellaneous
6392:
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6376:
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6347:Travel agency
6345:
6343:
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6335:
6333:
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6328:
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6323:
6320:
6317:
6314:Overbooking (
6313:
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6288:
6286:
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6265:Boarding pass
6263:
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6034:Baggage sizer
6032:
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5909:
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5900:
5897:
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5895:
5892:
5890:
5889:Flight permit
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5858:
5855:
5852:
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5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5828:
5824:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5812:Hypermobility
5810:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5801:
5795:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
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5766:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5749:
5745:
5741:
5735:
5734:Transit hotel
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
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5695:
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5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
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5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5579:Economy class
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5554:
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5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5506:Third officer
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5496:First officer
5494:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5486:
5484:
5480:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5451:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5418:
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5409:
5407:
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5403:
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5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
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5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
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5369:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5361:
5357:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5335:Star Alliance
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5318:
5314:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5287:Flag carriers
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5277:Cargo airline
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5267:Airline codes
5265:
5264:
5262:
5260:
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5252:
5245:
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4787:
4776:September 28,
4771:
4767:
4766:bjnews.com.cn
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4293:
4287:
4276:September 16,
4271:
4267:
4263:
4257:
4249:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4216:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4169:
4161:
4153:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4096:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4047:
4039:
4033:
4025:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3990:(87): 41–50.
3989:
3985:
3981:
3974:
3958:
3954:
3953:Mobility Work
3950:
3943:
3941:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3895:
3891:
3885:
3876:
3869:
3868:
3861:
3846:
3842:
3835:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3802:
3786:
3782:
3777:
3769:
3753:
3749:
3745:
3739:
3720:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3669:: 3696–3703.
3668:
3664:
3660:
3653:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3623:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3577:
3558:
3551:
3545:
3537:
3531:
3529:
3509:
3505:
3504:assest.flysfo
3498:
3491:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3446:
3440:
3433:
3432:
3425:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3387:
3383:
3376:
3369:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3339:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3309:
3293:
3289:
3283:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3241:
3237:
3231:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3201:
3192:
3185:
3181:
3176:
3160:
3156:
3150:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3108:
3104:
3098:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3065:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3013:
3012:Seaplane base
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3002:Model airport
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2974:
2969:
2966:
2955:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2880:
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2875:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2857:
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2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2769:
2765:
2755:
2753:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2732:90 Day Fiancé
2728:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2715:
2710:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2607:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2548:
2544:
2542:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2456:
2452:
2447:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2387:Wilbur Wright
2384:
2380:
2375:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2146:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2100:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2075:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2051:
2046:
2039:
2034:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1940:aviation fuel
1937:
1933:
1926:
1922:
1900:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1875:
1873:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1631:
1624:Taxiway signs
1621:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1585:
1580:
1571:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1532:
1523:
1518:
1508:
1505:
1498:Tower control
1495:
1493:
1483:
1481:
1480:apron control
1477:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1438:control tower
1434:
1432:
1426:
1421:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1364:
1359:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1274:Silver Line T
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1242:rapid transit
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1168:
1158:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1114:, Bangladesh
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:capsule hotel
1074:
1070:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1053:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1025:
1020:
1011:
1009:
1005:
998:
994:
989:
984:
978:
968:
966:
962:
957:
950:
946:
941:
937:
935:
931:
926:
924:
920:
916:
908:
905:
902:
900:
896:
893:
892:
891:
886:Waiting areas
885:
883:
880:
877:
875:
872:
869:
866:
865:
864:
861:
859:
855:
851:
843:
839:
832:
828:
819:
817:
813:
809:
808:people movers
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
784:
780:
773:
763:
761:
751:
749:
745:
741:
730:
728:
724:
720:
715:
704:
701:
691:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
655:
653:
648:
646:
640:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
514:
509:
500:
498:
493:
491:
487:
483:
478:
476:
471:
469:
458:
456:
452:
448:
443:
441:
437:
433:
432:seaplane base
429:
425:
421:
413:
409:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
342:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
323:
318:
317:seaplane base
314:
310:
309:
304:
303:
298:
297:
289:
286:
282:
278:
274:
262:
257:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:air pollution
229:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
174:air transport
171:
167:
159:
154:
148:
144:
138:
134:
128:
123:
115:
107:
103:
95:
92:
84:
74:
70:
64:
63:
57:
52:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
7775:
7750:Timing point
7735:Request stop
7678:Other topics
7535:Bus bunching
7519:Travel class
7478:Radial route
7458:Circle route
7442:Transit pass
7403:Penalty fare
7363:Fare evasion
7358:Fare capping
7343:Dead mileage
7300:Transit mall
7189:
7023:Gondola lift
6802:Microtransit
6710:People mover
6623:Circle route
6538:Open top bus
6501:Circle route
6142:Control zone
6137:Control area
6059:Luggage lock
6049:Lost luggage
6044:Hand luggage
6014:Baggage cart
5794:(Electronic)
5756:Arrival card
5689:Airside pass
5650:
5641:Sickness bag
5616:Buy on board
5611:Airline seat
5606:Airline meal
5559:Travel class
5541:Dead mileage
5360:Trade groups
5183:
5179:
5164:
5157:
5150:
5116:
5112:
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5063:
5059:
5051:
5043:10419/225046
5015:
5011:
4995:(Ian Allan)
4992:
4985:
4978:Bibliography
4965:February 14,
4963:. Retrieved
4958:the original
4948:
4939:
4927:. Retrieved
4923:the original
4913:
4901:. Retrieved
4887:
4875:. Retrieved
4861:
4852:
4840:. Retrieved
4833:the original
4828:
4816:
4804:. Retrieved
4795:
4786:
4774:. Retrieved
4765:
4756:
4736:
4729:
4678:
4674:
4664:
4656:the original
4646:
4612:(437): 437.
4609:
4605:
4595:
4587:the original
4580:
4571:
4546:
4536:
4509:
4505:
4451:
4447:
4437:
4410:
4400:
4375:
4371:
4361:
4349:. Retrieved
4340:
4331:
4319:. Retrieved
4310:
4300:
4286:
4274:. Retrieved
4265:
4256:
4229:
4225:
4215:
4205:February 21,
4203:. Retrieved
4167:
4160:
4125:
4121:
4090:
4077:
4065:. Retrieved
4056:
4046:
4032:cite journal
3987:
3983:
3973:
3961:. Retrieved
3952:
3927:. Retrieved
3923:the original
3918:
3909:
3897:. Retrieved
3894:www.iata.org
3893:
3884:
3875:
3866:
3860:
3850:November 10,
3848:. Retrieved
3844:
3834:
3824:September 8,
3822:. Retrieved
3811:
3801:
3789:. Retrieved
3780:
3768:
3756:. Retrieved
3747:
3738:
3726:. Retrieved
3714:
3701:
3666:
3662:
3652:
3640:. Retrieved
3631:
3622:
3610:. Retrieved
3582:
3576:
3564:. Retrieved
3557:the original
3544:
3515:. Retrieved
3508:the original
3503:
3490:
3478:. Retrieved
3469:
3460:
3450:February 22,
3448:. Retrieved
3430:
3424:
3412:. Retrieved
3397:
3381:
3368:
3356:. Retrieved
3347:
3338:
3326:. Retrieved
3308:
3298:September 1,
3296:. Retrieved
3282:
3272:September 1,
3270:. Retrieved
3266:the original
3256:
3246:September 1,
3244:. Retrieved
3240:the original
3230:
3218:. Retrieved
3209:
3200:
3191:
3179:
3175:
3165:September 1,
3163:. Retrieved
3149:
3139:September 1,
3137:. Retrieved
3123:
3113:September 1,
3111:. Retrieved
3097:
3087:September 1,
3085:. Retrieved
3071:
3063:
3058:
3017:
3016:
2941:
2940:
2926:
2909:
2873:
2818:
2812:
2785:
2771:
2749:
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2678:Passenger 57
2676:
2670:
2664:
2658:
2652:
2648:Jackie Brown
2646:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2606:The Terminal
2604:
2601:
2590:
2565:
2552:jet aircraft
2549:
2545:
2541:World War II
2538:
2503:
2476:
2409:
2395:
2389:serves only
2376:
2372:
2356:
2353:
2298:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2273:Entrance of
2241:
2237:Pune Airport
2212:
2204:
2200:
2198:
2160:
2152:
2143:
2132:
2123:photovoltaic
2120:
2112:
2104:
2080:
2076:
2061:
2015:
2004:
1985:
1977:
1974:
1970:bird strikes
1963:
1948:
1930:
1923:) A970 with
1885:
1881:
1869:
1830:
1823:
1814:tilt-shifted
1812:Time-lapse (
1772:Tokyo Narita
1737:
1735:
1716:
1682:
1666:
1659:
1633:
1611:
1588:
1568:
1559:
1552:
1539:
1534:
1528:
1501:
1489:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1465:
1450:
1435:
1429:
1394:
1375:spatial data
1368:
1324:
1250:AirTrain JFK
1203:
1199:
1175:
1171:
1164:
1155:
1144:
1140:
1117:
1090:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1056:
1048:
1001:
967:technology.
958:
954:
933:
929:
927:
912:
889:
862:
847:
816:airside pass
779:special laws
776:
757:
736:
714:Landing fees
710:
700:aeronautical
697:
661:
649:
641:
637:
631:, including
614:
518:
494:
479:
472:
468:Inkom, Idaho
464:
444:
430:is called a
417:
396:
392:
389:landing area
388:
384:
380:
378:
365:
357:
353:
349:
347:
320:
316:
312:
306:
300:
294:
292:
230:
178:landing area
165:
163:
102:
87:
78:
59:
7755:Transit map
7730:Public good
7647:and signage
7504:First class
7418:Smart cards
7393:Money train
7255:Kassel kerb
7215:Bus station
7003:Cable ferry
6970:Ocean liner
6950:Cable ferry
6807:Paratransit
6568:Transit bus
6563:Shuttle bus
6511:Express bus
6466:Bus service
6362:Ground crew
6316:Overselling
6187:Sky marshal
6053:WorldTracer
5969:Eurocontrol
5791:Travel visa
5748:Immigration
5664:Airline hub
5564:First class
5511:Relief crew
4903:January 21,
4582:Insider.com
4378:: 176–188.
4351:February 2,
4232:(8): 1194.
3773:Haroon, K.
3062:Wragg, D.;
2892:, the UK's
2612:The V.I.P.s
2471:New Orleans
2250:to project
2248:naval force
2201:air station
1560:left-handed
1442:non-towered
915:jet bridges
608:except for
594:Adani Group
586:Adani Group
370:term of art
368:is a legal
327:helicopters
277:Air bridges
268:Terminology
73:introducing
7798:Categories
7705:Dwell time
7695:Crush load
7645:Technology
7565:Short turn
7528:Scheduling
7492:Facilities
7280:Queue jump
7200:Bus garage
7102:Carsharing
6980:Water taxi
6960:Hovercraft
6912:Car jockey
6904:Carpooling
6879:Share taxi
6849:Marshrutka
6814:Dollar van
6757:Tram-train
6685:Light rail
6680:Interurban
6643:Heavy rail
6573:Trolleybus
6533:Marshrutka
6516:Guided bus
6406:Air travel
5719:Jet bridge
5526:Loadmaster
4128:: 100266.
4067:January 6,
3899:January 6,
3845:The Hustle
3210:airnav.com
3050:References
2823:Nav Canada
2762:See also:
2660:Home Alone
2654:Get Shorty
2642:Soul Plane
2636:Die Hard 2
2592:Die Hard 2
2514:glideslope
2499:Königsberg
2483:Le Bourget
2155:flu season
2052:in Brazil.
2048:Runway at
1998:, such as
1996:wind shear
1988:microburst
1980:incursions
1840:jet bridge
1826:groundcrew
1768:Boeing 777
1691:See also:
1319:See also:
1311:system at
1272:, and the
1246:light rail
981:See also:
822:Facilities
588:through a
461:Management
362:aerodromes
337:aircraft.
293:The terms
285:Icelandair
224:, serving
81:March 2022
56:references
7669:Timetable
7398:Paid area
7348:Exit fare
7315:Ticketing
7295:Tram stop
7210:Bus stand
7183:Locations
7164:Slope car
7134:Hyperloop
7124:Escalator
7085:transport
7064:Escalator
7052:transport
7018:Funicular
6975:Vaporetto
6965:Hydrofoil
6884:Songthaew
6854:Nanny van
6839:Limousine
6782:Boda boda
6638:Funicular
6613:Cable car
6496:Charabanc
6401:Air cargo
5659:Aerodrome
5317:Alliances
5165:Economica
5119:: 40–47.
4877:March 13,
4806:March 23,
4721:209464045
4675:Risk Anal
4563:2332-7782
4476:1432-1009
4392:0969-6997
4248:1996-1073
4195:243747827
4152:2212-0963
4006:1463-1741
3929:March 29,
3791:April 25,
3685:2352-1465
3414:April 30,
3358:April 17,
3220:April 10,
2781:Australia
2702:Rendition
2672:Liar Liar
2624:Airplane!
2393:traffic.
2252:air power
2194:Lithuania
2101:, in 1966
2011:styrofoam
1944:hijacking
1582:Standard
1544:glidepath
1371:personnel
1191:, Brazil.
1082:sleep box
1040:Bangalore
919:airstairs
740:duty free
538:GMR Group
526:Ferrovial
424:seaplanes
393:aerodrome
381:aerodrome
354:aerodrome
331:seaplanes
296:aerodrome
202:terminals
170:aerodrome
7804:Airports
7685:Boarding
7601:Security
7574:Politics
7437:Transfer
7230:Dry dock
7220:Bus stop
7205:Bus lane
7195:Bus bulb
7174:Vactrain
7154:Robotaxi
7119:Elevator
7097:Airliner
7059:Elevator
7050:Building
7033:tricable
7013:Elevator
6927:Slugging
6769:for hire
6767:Vehicles
6700:Monorail
6670:Horsecar
6596:glossary
6342:Tracking
6077:Air rage
5776:Passport
5765:internal
5699:Boarding
5694:Airstair
5551:Airliner
5325:Oneworld
5259:Airlines
5204:Archived
5200:52970361
5186:: 1–17.
5143:32834679
5066:: 3–13.
4929:July 20,
4897:Archived
4871:Archived
4842:July 20,
4800:Archived
4770:Archived
4713:31872479
4638:30157776
4484:22245856
4345:Archived
4315:Archived
4311:euronews
4270:Archived
4226:Energies
4199:Archived
4095:Archived
4061:Archived
4024:29192612
3963:April 2,
3957:Archived
3818:Archived
3785:Archived
3752:Archived
3719:Archived
3693:53579769
3636:Archived
3606:Archived
3586:. 2009.
3474:Archived
3408:Archived
3386:Archived
3352:Archived
3328:July 20,
3322:Archived
3292:Archived
3214:Archived
3159:Archived
3133:Archived
3107:Archived
3081:Archived
2992:Altiport
2951:See also
2801:Infraero
2687:(2000),
2669:(1992),
2663:(1990),
2633:(1970),
2558:using a
2473:(1960s).
2205:airfield
2181:Air base
1966:wetlands
1921:Shetland
1742:windsock
1662:lighting
1638:Lighting
1405:taxiways
1397:surfaces
1365:, Canada
1258:New York
1124:check-in
1108:Terminal
1026:, Canada
1006:and the
899:carousel
850:terminal
792:security
592:wherein
440:landings
436:takeoffs
420:heliport
322:STOLport
313:heliport
308:airstrip
302:airfield
7740:Service
7545:Headway
7509:Sleeper
7451:Routing
7426:Calypso
7422:CIPURSE
7260:Layover
7190:Airport
7092:Airline
7028:bicable
6932:Vanpool
6894:Tuk tuk
6834:Jeepney
6824:Gondola
6720:Railbus
6337:Standby
5999:Bag tag
5991:Baggage
5979:ENCASIA
5781:Timatic
5744:Customs
5651:Airport
5483:Aircrew
5417:Europe
5330:SkyTeam
5134:7328638
5020:Bibcode
4683:Bibcode
4629:6116441
4514:Bibcode
4456:Bibcode
4321:May 23,
4130:Bibcode
4015:5437751
3758:July 1,
3728:June 7,
3348:faa.gov
2987:Airpark
2858:Germany
2845:(AIP),
2775:NAVAIDs
2630:Airport
2535:(2009).
2007:stopway
1959:deicing
1401:runways
1284:by the
1266:Seattle
1147:seating
1106:'s VIP
904:Customs
812:keycard
806:and/or
554:Fairfax
534:Fraport
397:airport
385:airport
366:airport
358:airport
350:airport
214:lounges
198:hangars
190:helipad
166:airport
69:improve
32:AirPort
7245:Harbor
7240:Hangar
7159:Shweeb
6864:Pesero
6819:Dolmuş
6690:Maglev
6543:Pesero
6526:driver
6479:driver
5729:Runway
5636:Galley
5536:Purser
5391:IFALPA
5198:
5141:
5131:
4999:
4744:
4719:
4711:
4636:
4626:
4561:
4512:(15).
4482:
4474:
4425:
4390:
4246:
4193:
4183:
4150:
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3691:
3683:
3642:May 6,
3612:May 6,
3598:
3566:May 6,
3517:May 6,
3480:May 6,
3441:
3018:Lists:
2870:France
2834:Europe
2808:Canada
2797:Brazil
2572:AARTOS
2539:After
2529:Jomala
2455:Bosaso
1790:Durban
1703:, and
1646:, and
1468:ground
1409:aprons
1407:, and
1278:Boston
1189:Recife
945:Mumbai
686:, and
395:, and
333:, and
319:, and
305:, and
216:, and
184:for a
182:runway
168:is an
58:, but
7320:fares
7083:Other
6990:Cable
6955:Ferry
5466:AFRAA
5396:ISTAT
5386:IATAN
5207:(PDF)
5196:S2CID
5176:(PDF)
4836:(PDF)
4825:(PDF)
4717:S2CID
4549:: 1.
4191:S2CID
4098:(PDF)
4087:(PDF)
3813:Slate
3722:(PDF)
3711:(PDF)
3689:S2CID
3560:(PDF)
3553:(PDF)
3511:(PDF)
3500:(PDF)
3435:(PDF)
3389:(PDF)
3378:(PDF)
3288:"FAA"
2923:Japan
2916:DAFIF
2851:NOTAM
2618:Speed
2533:Åland
2135:Kochi
1723:METAR
1472:tower
1151:Wi-Fi
1128:first
1112:Dhaka
1086:YOTEL
1044:India
930:apron
882:Gates
858:gates
814:, an
688:cargo
186:plane
160:(DXB)
7318:and
7275:Port
6942:Ship
6889:Taxi
6752:Tram
6583:Rail
6484:list
5974:EASA
5964:ECAC
5959:ICAO
5709:Gate
5471:RAAA
5461:AAPA
5456:AACO
5446:ETWF
5436:EBAA
5381:IATA
5376:ATAG
5139:PMID
4997:ISBN
4967:2011
4931:2010
4905:2019
4879:2019
4844:2010
4808:2021
4778:2019
4742:ISBN
4709:PMID
4634:PMID
4559:ISSN
4480:PMID
4472:ISSN
4423:ISBN
4388:ISSN
4353:2022
4323:2021
4278:2017
4244:ISSN
4207:2020
4181:ISBN
4148:ISSN
4069:2023
4038:link
4020:PMID
4002:ISSN
3965:2019
3931:2017
3901:2024
3852:2022
3826:2017
3793:2020
3760:2022
3730:2023
3681:ISSN
3644:2019
3614:2019
3596:ISBN
3568:2019
3519:2019
3482:2019
3452:2024
3439:ISBN
3416:2019
3360:2019
3330:2010
3300:2015
3274:2015
3248:2015
3222:2018
3167:2015
3141:2015
3115:2015
3089:2015
2896:, a
2849:and
2837:The
2766:and
2714:Lost
2705:and
2523:The
2465:The
2449:The
2292:and
2166:and
1738:into
1470:and
1453:24/7
1395:The
1345:and
1333:and
1236:and
1130:and
934:ramp
719:wifi
684:fuel
662:The
544:and
511:The
480:The
438:and
426:and
383:and
352:and
200:and
6474:Bus
5827:Law
5441:ERA
5431:ECA
5426:ASD
5421:A4E
5411:RAA
5406:A4A
5371:ACO
5188:doi
5129:PMC
5121:doi
5068:doi
5038:hdl
5028:doi
4699:hdl
4691:doi
4624:PMC
4614:doi
4551:doi
4522:doi
4510:352
4464:doi
4415:doi
4380:doi
4234:doi
4173:doi
4138:doi
4010:PMC
3992:doi
3671:doi
3588:doi
3318:FAA
2527:in
2481:at
2453:in
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2365:).
2351:).
2242:An
2203:or
2168:MIT
1792:'s
1788:at
1770:at
1765:KLM
1548:ILS
1280:'s
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1268:to
1256:in
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1187:in
1120:VIP
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