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2332:. Primary sources have their place but they must be used carefully and are easy to misuse. Typically, they should only be used for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts that can be verified by any educated person with access to the primary source but without further, specialized knowledge. They should not be used to support content that presents interpretation, analysis, evaluation, or synthesis, and should not be the predominant form of sourcing in an article. Moreover, primary sources are generally not useful to demonstrate a topic's
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3163:, that is accordingly experiencing a great flux of edits and is in a fast-changing state. Knowledge attracts numerous editors who want to update articles in real time immediately after such current events are published. However, sources for breaking news reports often contain serious inaccuracies, so these templates can also draw attention to the need to add improved sources as soon as they become available.
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2596:: You can cite numerous reliable, secondary, independent sources and it will not help establish notability if they do not treat the topic substantively – think generally two paragraphs of text focused on the topic at issue. Remember: it is much better to cite two good sources that treat a topic in detail, than twenty that just mention it in passing. Moreover,
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guaranteed. A change in the underlying URL could make the reference unusable. The full citation format, on the other hand, preserves information (such as title and author) that can be used to restore a version of the reference that is still accessible. In addition, bare URLs can be less visually pleasing if the underlying URL is long.
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containing a summary of the most important article contents. The lead should stand on its own as a concise overview of the article's topic. A good lead section cultivates the reader's interest in reading more of the article, but not by teasing the reader or hinting at content that follows. It should
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Problems flagged by some templates may imply secondary problems that will still exist after you take care of the main issue. In such cases, it may be more appropriate to switch the template to another applicable one following your edits, rather than just removing it. The reasoning behind the change
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indicating that an article's contents may not be accurate, or to mark an article that merely has recent news articles about the topic (if it were, hundreds of thousands of articles would have the {{Current}} template, with no informational consequence). If the article continues to have sourcing or
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We don't know which maintenance tag brought you to this page, and thus what specific problem needs attention. However, every maintenance template contains links to help pages, policies, guidelines, or other relevant pages that provide information on the problem the template was placed to flag. You
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flags an article as having bare URLs, URLs that are used as references or external links without contextual information. These bare URLs are particularly vulnerable to link rot, as the record of the reference depends on the hosting website maintaining the current site structure, which is not
1487:, unless you thoroughly source a page in response to this template, it may more appropriate to switch this template with a more specific one rather than simply removing it. Depending on the type, quality, depth, and manner of sourcing added to fix the issue, you might replace it with
582:) strongly recommend that the tagging editor initiate a discussion (generally on the article's talk page) to support the placement of the tag. If the tagging editor failed to do so, or the discussion is dormant, and there is no other support for the template, it can be removed;
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To address the issue, write a lead section. The size of an appropriate lead will depend on the breadth of the article but it should be no more than four well-composed paragraphs, and should generally not contain content that is not already present in the body of the article.
520:
If it reasonably appears that the template did not belong when placed or was added in error. Consider first discussing the matter with the original placer of the template (unless this user is no longer active on
Knowledge). In any case, if the issue appears contentious, seek
2556:: We are looking for treatment in sources like mainstream newspaper articles, non-vanity books, magazines, scholarly journals, television and radio documentaries, etc. – sources with editorial oversight and a reputation for fact-checking and accuracy. This means generally
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Finding secondary sources is a large topic but make use of Google Books, News, and
Scholar; find local newspaper archives; go to a library; if you have access, use pay/subscription services like JSTOR, Newspaperarchive.com; Ancestry.com, etc.; see our guide on
1887:: all quotations, material whose verifiability has been challenged or is likely to be challenged, and contentious material, whether negative, positive, or neutral, about living persons, must include an inline citation that directly supports the material.
1732:: all quotations, material whose verifiability has been challenged or is likely to be challenged, and contentious material, whether negative, positive, or neutral, about living persons, must include an inline citation that directly supports the material.
2343:. Often this involves replacing some of the primary sources with secondary sources, and not just adding them alongside existing ones—especially where the primary source is being used for an invalid purpose such as interpretive claims and synthesis.
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All problems on
Knowledge are resolved through the efforts of volunteers like you. If you understand the problem that the template highlights, such as by reading the explanatory links it contains or have found guidance through this page – and have
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accessible. In short, in the absence of an inline citation that associates specific material to a specific source, it becomes very difficult for a reader to check what sources, given in only some general manner, verify what items of content.
624:. In such cases, it is not so much that the template does not belong and should be removed, but rather that flagging the page for maintenance will never address the more critical issue that the page itself does not belong on Knowledge at all.
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This section guides you on how to address some of the more common specific templates that may have brought you to this help page. More detailed information about the templates can be found by following the links to the templates themselves.
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to sources containing mere passing mentions of the topic is a badge of a non-notable topic and, if good sources are present in the mix, they will be hidden among these others from those seeking to assess a topic's demonstration of
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on a topic. Removing all promotional language is a good start, but depending on what is left, may only be a surface treatment. See what you can salvage, but often editors strip out all but the most basic content, leaving it in a
172:. The mechanics of removal are usually as simple as clicking "Edit" at the top of the page or in the section involved (if you're not already in edit mode), removing the code that produces the display of the template, leaving an
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As noted previously, most templates contain links to guidance pages. Additionally, many templates have documentation that provides more information about the template's flagged issue, which is displayed when you visit the
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Have you carefully read the help pages and thoroughly fixed the problem? Or have you made a considered decision that the template is not, or is no longer, applicable? Great! Now, to remove the maintenance template:
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When there is consensus on the talk page (or elsewhere) as to how to address the flagged issue, and you are reasonably implementing those changes. (It is good practice to note the location of the consensus in the
2549:) questions whether a topic is notable. As stated in the template, addressing the issue requires adding citations to reliable secondary sources. There are several common mistakes seen in addressing this issue:
3297:. For bare URLs which are not used as references, use the following format: . Depending on the specific URL, it may be necessary to use an archiving service to restore an URL. More information is available at
2924:, and the tagger wishes to attract editors with different viewpoints to the article. An unbalanced or non-neutral article does not fairly represent the balance of perspectives of high-quality, reliable
476:. Read these explanatory and contextual pages to learn about the problem and what it is you need to do to take care of it. Again, some of the more common maintenance templates seen are addressed in the
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If you address the "orphaning" issue, but not the other two, remove just the line that flagged the orphan issue and leave the others intact. Thus, your removal would leave the template in this state.
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okay to remove maintenance templates until the issue flagged by the template is remedied first—that is, until the maintenance tag is no longer valid—unless it truly did not belong in the first place.
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2928:. This tag is meant to be accompanied by an explanation on the article's talk page about why it was added, identifying specific issues that are actionable within Knowledge's content policies.
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for all significant statements in the article. Whether or not an article has been rendered "fairly well sourced" may involve a judgment call, but in any event, the sources used must be
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for a more involved treatment, noting that each contains see also sections linking to additional help pages, guides, and tutorials. A visual guide to placing inline citations through
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for a more involved treatment, noting that each contains see also sections linking to additional help pages, guides, and tutorials. A visual guide to placing inline citations through
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When a flagged issue has been addressed in parts of an article but remains in discrete sections, clarity may be served by replacing the template with a section variant, or by use of
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Either click on "edit" or "edit source" at the top of the page, or if the maintenance template is not at the top but somewhere in the body of the article, you might instead use a
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considered a sufficient argument. Exception: removing POV-related templates whose discussions have gone dormant is encouraged, as addressed in the bullet point immediately above;
2359:. If insufficient reliable secondary and independent sources exist treating a topic in substantive detail, then Knowledge should not have an article on the topic. Remember that
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You may remove a template when according to your best judgment the lack of edits and/or talk page discussion should be interpreted as the issue not worth fixing (as a form of "
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If insufficient reliable secondary and independent sources exist treating a topic in substantive detail, then
Knowledge should not have an article on the topic. Remember that
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In some cases, it may be helpful to request a review of a maintenance template's removal or proposed removal with the editor who initially added it to the article at issue.
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All of
Knowledge's core content policies and guidelines have as a common denominator the need for reliable sourcing. For example, the content of Knowledge articles must be
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All of
Knowledge's core content policies and guidelines have as a common denominator the need for reliable sourcing. For example, the content of Knowledge articles must be
1748:
All of
Knowledge's core content policies and guidelines have a common denominator: the need for reliable sourcing. For example, the content of Knowledge articles must be
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Please make sure the issue has been resolved before removing the template. That does require some effort on your part—to understand both the problem and how to solve it.
168:(or "tags") are not removed automatically. Even if you fix the issue(s) described in a maintenance template, the tag will remain in the article until you or someone else
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Many
Knowledge pages display maintenance templates that identify problems. You may have arrived at this help page after clicking a link on a maintenance template saying "
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1776:, the sources cited must directly support the material being presented without analysis or synthesis to reach or imply a conclusion that is not stated in the sources.
1559:, the sources cited must directly support the material being presented without analysis or synthesis to reach or imply a conclusion that is not stated in the sources.
1028:, the sources cited must directly support the material being presented without analysis or synthesis to reach or imply a conclusion that is not stated in the sources.
756:. In this example, a change to a different template may be appropriate, depending on the type, quality, depth, and manner of sourcing added to fix the issue, such as
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link to it – then once that is taken care of (by the addition of links to it from other articles), the issue is gone entirely and the tag's removal is unambiguous.
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If you've read through this page and are still confused about what needs to be done to fix an issue on a page and remove a maintenance template, try asking at the
2659:
3327:, seen when you view its placement in the Edit interface (typically found in the first lines of the article). The first "parameter" is the name of the template.
2713:. For example, such articles may tell users to buy a company's product, provide price lists, give links to online sellers, use unencyclopedic or meaningless
2816:. Knowledge articles should represent fairly, proportionately, and, as far as possible, without editorial bias, all of the significant views that have been
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434:, indicated by the words and phrases in blue. Three of these links are to pages that, when explored, provide context and resources for you to understand
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of topics by attempting to ensure that the subjects of articles are "worthy of notice" – by only including articles on topics that the world has taken
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Conversely, some templates flag highly discrete issues where there is no need to consider a switch to another template. For example, if an article is "
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sources may be useful to verify certain facts, they must be used with caution and do nothing to establish notability. In short, we are looking for
235:– because reliable sourcing is the lifeblood of Knowledge articles and at the core of all of Knowledge's content policies and guidelines, such as
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tag. Note the closing slash ("/"). For multiple use of a single reference, the opening ref tag is given a name, like so: <ref name="name": -->
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tag. Note the closing slash ("/"). For multiple use of a single reference, the opening ref tag is given a name, like so: <ref name="name": -->
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This template is not meant to be a permanent resident on any article. You may remove this template whenever any one of the following is true:
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of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be
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Lastly, there are times when a person attempting to address a maintenance template that flags some fundamental matter may find that the issue
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If the maintenance template is of a type that requires support but is not fully supported. For example, neutrality-related templates such as
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The template should generally be removed when the event described is no longer receiving massive editing attention. It is not meant to be a
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state. If you want to build a solid article, explore the existence of independent sources for the topic, and build it from the ground up.
752:. Thus, adding just one suitable reference renders that maintenance template inapplicable. However, that change does not take care of the
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Maintenance templates are added and removed by volunteers. This help page explains the process for examining and removing such templates.
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See the sections below for how to address some of the more common problems flagged by templates that may be wrapped into this template.
706:: Delete the template code. The template code you see in this edit mode will usually be in the following form, as in the example above:
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to help build this encyclopedia. Fixing problems and then removing maintenance templates when you are done is important in that effort.
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at all. This template no longer applies once a single reference appears in the article, whether placed through the preferred method of
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tag. Each time you want to use that footnote again, you simply use the first element with a slash, like so: <ref name="name" /: -->
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tag. Each time you want to use that footnote again, you simply use the first element with a slash, like so: <ref name="name" /: -->
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1948:!), a footnote is placed in the text ("inline"), that takes one to the detail of the source when clicked, set forth in a references
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it, are different unless you're in Visual editing mode. Thus, the above code, only seen when doing source editing, results in the
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There are many instruction pages that directly and indirectly give guidance on adding inline citations. We suggest starting with
1177:. Because of their importance, Knowledge contains numerous instruction pages on aspects of referencing. We suggest starting with
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Whatever maintenance tag brought you to this help page should likewise contain relevant explanatory links addressed to whatever
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tag followed by the text of the citation which you want to appear at the bottom of the article, and close with a </ref: -->
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of the topic and treat the subject in substantive detail (not just "mere mentions"); and to establish that the content is not
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inline citations to support the material currently in the article. It should not be used for articles with no sources at all (
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of the topic and treat the subject in substantive detail (not just "mere mentions"); and to establish that the content is not
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tag followed by the text of the citation which you want to appear at the bottom of the article, and close with a </ref: -->
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of the topic and treat the subject in substantive detail (not just "mere mentions"); and to establish that the content is not
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such as {{No lead}}, {{Nointro}}, {{No lead section}}, {{Lead absent}} and {{Intro needed}}, and displaying when reading as:
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to associate given portions of material with a specific reliable source(s) that support that material. Inline citations make
2324:– original materials that are close to an event; often accounts written by people who are directly involved – as opposed to
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For these references to appear, you must tell the software where to display them, using either the code <references/: -->
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For these references to appear, you must tell the software where to display them, using either the code <references/: -->
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such as {{Citations}}, {{No citations}}, {{Inline citations}} and {{No inline citations}}, and displaying when reading as:
2736:", religious/spiritual leaders, sports teams, gaming clans and so forth. If the article's main problem is not advertising
2383:, a specific type of reference work properly containing articles on topics of knowledge. Knowledge employs the concept of
1981:, the references should be displayed in a separate section denominated "References" located after the body of the article.
1268:, the references should be displayed in a separate section denominated "References" located after the body of the article.
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Advertisements are by no means limited to commercial topics and indeed are often seen for all manner of others, such as "
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such as {{Unsourced}}, {{Unverified}}, {{No references}}, {{No sources}}, and {{Unref}}, and displaying when reading as:
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such as {{Improve references}}, {{Verify}}, {{More sources}} and {{Citations needed}}, and displaying when reading as:
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such as {{NPOV}}, {{POV dispute}}, {{Neutrality}}, {{Neutral}} and {{Not neutral}}, and displaying when reading as:
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age-related removal of maintenance templates – that is, removing a template purely or chiefly because it is old is
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The problem that the maintenance template flags is plainly and unambiguously required for a proper article under
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and read like the website of the article's topic or a press release touting its virtues, rather than that of a
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714:: Click on the template (tag), which will then turn blue. Press the "Delete" or backspace key on your keyboard.
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Legitimate
Knowledge editors will never offer to remove maintenance templates in exchange for money. See the
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should be used instead). This template no longer applies once an article has been made fairly well-sourced.
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flags the issue of an article that has been identified as having a serious issue of balance, the lack of a
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3338:. The accompanying documentation for all maintenance templates, if it exists, can be located in this way.
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In brief, anywhere you want a footnote to appear in a piece of text, you place an opening <ref: -->
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In brief, anywhere you want a footnote to appear in a piece of text, you place an opening <ref: -->
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which can be modified to display the references in columns using {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}. Per our
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which can be modified to display the references in columns using {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}. Per our
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in it that you have fixed. The example below shows three different issues flagged by this template:
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such as {{Notable}}, {{Non-notable}}, {{Nn}} and {{Significance}}, and displaying when reading as:
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should be used instead), nor for articles without inline citations but which contain some sources (
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such as {{Advertisement}}, {{Advertising}}, {{Ad}} and {{Puff}}, and displaying when reading as:
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3350:, a page designed for new users to ask questions. Alternatively, you could try the more general
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A case in point is the {{Unreferenced}} template example used above. It is placed on pages with
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3159:) warns editors and readers about an article that is the subject of a current event, such as a
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If the issue flagged by the maintenance template is that the article contains no references, a
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It is not clear what the neutrality issue is, and no satisfactory explanation has been given;
2812:– which is not just about the wording and tone, but also what the article covers and what it
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The general notability standard thus presumes that topics are notable if they have "received
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flags the issue of an article that contains some form of sourcing but lacks the precision of
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to the topic, and a user seeing the maintenance templates discovers that such sources appear
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When an article talk page discussion has not been initiated (for templates requesting it);
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Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be
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When it can reasonably be concluded that the template is no longer relevant, such as a
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Many common templates address problems with article citations and references, or their
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Some articles will be flagged for multiple discrete problems using a single template:
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Maintenance templates are not meant to be in articles permanently. Any user without a
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To access the template and thereby see its documentation, type into the search field
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elements. Using this method, each time a particular source is mined for information (
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elements. Using this method, each time a particular source is mined for information (
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actually be addressed. For example, if an article is flagged as lacking citations to
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It explains concepts or processes used by the
Knowledge community. It is not one of
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To address this issue, convert all bare URLs used as references to the appropriate
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of by substantively treating them in reliable sources unconnected with the topic.
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cleanup issues, a more appropriate maintenance template should be used instead.
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464:"adding citations to reliable sources", which links to a help page providing a
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Upon determining that the issue has been resolved (perhaps by someone else);
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random personal websites, blogs, forum posts, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter,
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You should not remove maintenance templates if any of the following apply:
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Knowledge works because of the efforts of volunteers just like you, making
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In the absence of any discussion, or if the discussion has become dormant.
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template appearing in an article that no longer documents a current event;
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rewritten to become encyclopedic may be tagged for speedy deletion under
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may remove a maintenance template in any of the following circumstances:
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flags the issue of an article that fails to follow Knowledge's standard
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assist Knowledge by fixing the issues flagged by maintenance templates!
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3401:– produces an inline tag (rather than banner) for individual bare URLs
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There is ongoing activity or discussion related to the template issue;
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2740:, then you can change the tag to something more appropriate, such as
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Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing
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identify the topic, establish context, explain why the topic is
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of a topic demonstrated through such reliable sources that are
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of a topic demonstrated through such reliable sources that are
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of a topic demonstrated through such reliable sources that are
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843:. If you take care of one or more problems that it flags but
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will also find guidance on some of the more common templates
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How-to-guide on addressing and removing maintenance templates
3334:, then you would visit the template itself by searching for
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section, or even through such a poor method as including an
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You have been paid to edit the article or have some other
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118:– you may simply remove the maintenance template; it will
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
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Adding citations to sources that merely mention the topic
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flags the issue of an article that too heavily relies on
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followed by the citation text and a closing </ref: -->
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followed by the citation text and a closing </ref: -->
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You do not understand the issues raised by the template;
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Adding citations to connected (non-independent) sources
251:. But a host of other issues may be flagged, including
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For example, if you found this in the Edit interface,
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no amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability
2361:
no amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability
820:
Click "show" at the right to display the instructions.
1484:
847:, do not remove the template entirely but just those
301:
It is important to understand that what you see when
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1720:
ones, and articles should not rely predominantly on
589:"). Please note there is currently no consensus for
1714:
add additional inline citations to reliable sources
1610:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
721:, e.g., "Removed because I have fixed the issue;"
151:Learn how and when to remove this template message
3123:, but please note that updates without valid and
2808:To address the issue, rewrite the article from a
2709:flags the issue of an article that reads like an
1677:flags the issue of an article that has some, but
4046:
2355:; request access to pay/prescription sources at
2341:add citations predominantly to secondary sources
1942:form of inline citations, using the <ref: -->
1934:. Our preferred method of citation is using the
1922:All information in Knowledge articles should be
1824:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
1229:form of inline citations, using the <ref: -->
1221:. Our preferred method of citation is using the
1209:All information in Knowledge articles should be
2126:Templates that can be used between <ref: -->
1697:should be used instead), nor for an article on
1513:Knowledge:Template messages/Sources of articles
1413:Templates that can be used between <ref: -->
782:Knowledge:Template messages/Sources of articles
477:
466:how-to guide to the basics of citing references
225:
3354:, or seek live assistance at the IRC channel:
704:If you are editing wikitext ("source" editing)
3420:
1916:Formatting references using inline citations
1203:Formatting references using inline citations
514:When the issue has been adequately addressed;
450:"cite", which links to the content guideline
3220:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
3038:by introducing the reader to the topic in a
3235:and maintains a consistent citation style.
3155:(or a subject-specific variation listed on
1083:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
620:, that usually means the article should be
358:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3427:
3413:
2935:There is consensus on the talkpage or the
2888:. Please do not remove this message until
2554:Adding citations but to unreliable sources
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2107:
1398:
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802:, if such versions of the template exist.
540:accompanying your removal, ideally with a
442:to address the issue of the article being
3277:Learn how and when to remove this message
3143:Learn how and when to remove this message
3022:Learn how and when to remove this message
2908:Learn how and when to remove this message
2697:Learn how and when to remove this message
2545:(or some variation linking to one of the
2533:Learn how and when to remove this message
2308:Learn how and when to remove this message
1855:Learn how and when to remove this message
1665:Learn how and when to remove this message
1154:flags the issue of an article containing
1142:Learn how and when to remove this message
438:the template was placed on the page, and
417:Learn how and when to remove this message
2884:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1881:add inline citations to reliable sources
741:in templates should be addressed in the
478:specific template guidance section below
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2218:{{Primary sources|date=September 2024}}
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1907:tags may also help, and appears below.
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2658:contains content that is written like
2570:Knowledge:Identifying reliable sources
2568:), etc. In short, read and understand
2547:subject-specific notability guidelines
2249:Please improve this article by adding
780:, or one of the many others listed at
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457:"sources", which links to the policy
3388:Knowledge:Template messages/Disputes
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1896:Help:Introduction to referencing/1
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1038:, typically placed by the code
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3858:User noticeboard notices
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3492:Linking country articles
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1879:To address the issue,
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1355:Multiple citation use.
1173:To address the issue,
1162:, ones appearing in a
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732:That's it. Thank you!
3985:WikiProject Templates
3942:Examples of templates
3880:Userspace Disclaimers
3843:Transwiki maintenance
3706:Articles for deletion
3336:Template:Unreferenced
3299:Repairing a dead link
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3325:name of the template
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3117:improve this article
3004:improve this article
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508:conflict of interest
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2590:to a topic.
2586:written by
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2060:{{Reflist}}
1837:introducing
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1021:independent
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3103:unreliable
2875:neutrality
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1491:refimprove
1363:References
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