35:
909:
899:
919:
456:, issued an order to "achieve the complete disintegration and isolation of the main organizers of Charter 77 from other signatories, and the selected organizers of this event to be evicted from the Czechoslovak Republic". The StB focused especially on younger and lesser-known dissidents, because they were not so visible and their persecution did not provoke significant protest. Common methods of coercion were physical violence and
460:. For those who agreed to emigrate, the StB ensured that all necessary formalities were completed without complications. Pressure peaked between 1980 and 1981, as the government was afraid the Charter 77 movement would join forces with Poland's nascent
491:
In 1999, criminal trials of several politicians and members of the StB associated with Akce
Asanace began and continue to this day. Jaromír Obzina escaped conviction, as he died in January 2003. Most of those convicted have received
400:, to leave the country. Various forms of psychological and physical coercion and blackmail were used, including forcing individuals to emigrate. Prominent individuals against whom this was used include
516:
The term "Asanace" has been used in contexts that refer to government persecution or prohibition, as in the case of
Asanace2, a call for the Czech government to legalize the use and growing of
865:
468:
369:
850:
453:
786:
74:
845:
537:
472:
230:
241:
593:
449:
327:
107:
860:
362:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
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155:
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467:
In all, 280 signatories of
Charter 77, i.e., about 15% of the total number, were forced to emigrate, including ten members of the
708:
342:
885:
855:
640:
937:
870:
102:
355:
501:
496:. In September 2021, courts recognized four additional StB employees who had persecuted Charter 77 signatories such as
112:
563:
952:
947:
461:
393:
270:
789:[The court found four former StB members guilty. They bullied dissidents and forced them to emigrate].
69:
64:
59:
54:
297:
260:
409:
265:
255:
137:
942:
878:
Migrace 1982: deníkové záznamy signatářky Charty 77 vystěhované v rámci akce "Asanace" z Československa
25:
505:
413:
812:
282:
276:
957:
483:
labor camp. Akce
Asanace ended in 1984 and was followed by a similar operation, named Akce Klín.
122:
117:
787:"Soud uznal vinnými čtyři bývalé příslušníky StB. Šikanovali disidenty a nutili je k emigraci"
913:
866:
A former StB officer goes behind bars. He committed crimes before and after the revolution.
421:
8:
471:(VONS). The operation also swept up dissidents that had not signed the charter, such as
34:
497:
493:
405:
656:
437:
881:
636:
760:
903:
425:
923:
517:
734:
628:
737:[The Office of Documentation and Investigation of Crimes of Communism]
417:
386:
931:
711:[The court sent two StB members to prison for torturing dissidents].
682:
392:(secret police) operation in the late 1970s and early 1980s, with which the
476:
433:
401:
429:
851:
Court increases punishment for torturing dissidents during Akce
Asanace.
571:
480:
397:
306:
540:[The Alphabet of Communist Crimes: From "Androš" to Asanace].
457:
846:
Former StB member receives conditional sentence for Akce
Asanace.
508:
of
Extempore, though their verdicts have not been finalized yet.
596:[Regional heads of StB did not attend due to illness].
479:
activist who had been imprisoned between 1952 and 1960 at the
396:
tried to force inconvenient people, especially signatories of
820:
389:
709:"Soud poslal dva estébáky do vězení za týrání disidentů"
538:"Abeceda komunistických zločinů: Od "androše" k Asanaci"
469:
Committee for the
Defense of the Unjustly Prosecuted
385:(English: Sanitation Act) was the cover name for a
16:
763:[StB officers in court for Akce Asanace].
735:"Úřad dokumentace a vyšetřování zločinů komunismu"
929:
741:(in Czech). Ústav pro studium totalitních režimů
861:Heads of StB are responsible for Akce Asanace.
627:
363:
856:Ten penalties handed out for Akce Asanace.
819:(in Czech). 10 August 2016. Archived from
370:
356:
871:Theologian describes bullying by the StB.
623:
621:
619:
617:
615:
443:
875:
761:"Důstojníci StB u soudu za akci Asanace"
570:(in Czech). 15 June 2008. Archived from
594:"Krajští šéfové StB pro nemoc nepřišli"
486:
930:
612:
685:[Nationwide Project "Klín"].
13:
839:
502:The Plastic People of the Universe
14:
969:
917:
907:
897:
659:[List of VONS members].
511:
33:
805:
779:
631:; Albrecht, Josef (2010). "A".
271:Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
753:
727:
701:
675:
649:
586:
556:
530:
1:
523:
793:(in Czech). 9 September 2021
261:Second Czechoslovak Republic
7:
938:Communism in Czechoslovakia
683:"Celostátní projekt "klín""
266:Third Czechoslovak Republic
256:First Czechoslovak Republic
10:
974:
635:. Brno: HOST. p. 16.
544:(in Czech). 3 January 2009
448:On 21 December 1977, then-
26:Politics of Czechoslovakia
914:Czech Republic portal
876:Lefeuvre, Ivanka (2014).
283:Slovak Socialist Republic
450:Minister of the Interior
277:Czech Socialist Republic
242:Administrative divisions
600:(in Czech). 27 May 2002
506:Jaroslav Jeroným Neduha
414:Jaroslav Jeroným Neduha
328:Communist foreign trade
123:Slovak National Council
953:1977 in Czechoslovakia
948:Charter 77 signatories
444:Origin and progression
118:Czech National Council
904:Communism portal
880:. Prague: Academia.
487:Aftermath and trials
924:Slovakia portal
657:"Seznam členů VONS"
564:"Vlastimil Třešňák"
494:suspended sentences
498:Vratislav Brabenec
406:Vratislav Brabenec
943:Velvet Revolution
887:978-80-200-2277-6
823:on 10 August 2016
642:978-80-7294-340-1
633:Abeceda komunismu
422:Svatopluk Karásek
410:Vlastimil Třešňák
380:
379:
321:Foreign relations
231:Political parties
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922:
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713:cesky-dialog.net
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113:Federal Assembly
37:
21:
20:
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840:Further reading
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664:
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603:
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574:on 15 June 2008
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438:Pavel Landovský
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343:Other countries
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108:Prime Ministers
98:
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81:
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958:StB operations
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473:Radko Pavlovec
454:Jaromír Obzina
445:
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418:Jaroslav Hutka
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144:Parliamentary
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792:
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766:
765:svet.czsk.net
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736:
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629:Navara, Luděk
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616:
599:
595:
589:
573:
569:
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559:
543:
539:
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512:Popular usage
509:
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32:
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27:
23:
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19:
894:
877:
825:. Retrieved
821:the original
816:
807:
795:. Retrieved
790:
781:
769:. Retrieved
764:
755:
743:. Retrieved
729:
717:. Retrieved
712:
703:
691:. Retrieved
686:
677:
665:. Retrieved
660:
651:
632:
602:. Retrieved
597:
588:
576:. Retrieved
572:the original
567:
558:
546:. Retrieved
541:
532:
515:
490:
477:anti-fascist
466:
447:
434:Petr Cibulka
402:Milan Hlavsa
387:Czechoslovak
383:Akce Asanace
382:
381:
48:Constitution
18:
817:asanace2.cz
791:irozhlas.cz
687:cibulka.net
661:totalita.cz
430:Karol Sidon
426:Václav Malý
298:Dissolution
94:Legislative
932:Categories
827:10 October
813:"Asanace2"
797:10 October
771:10 October
767:(in Czech)
745:10 October
719:10 October
715:(in Czech)
693:10 October
689:(in Czech)
667:10 October
663:(in Czech)
604:10 October
578:10 October
548:10 October
524:References
520:products.
475:, a noted
462:Solidarity
398:Charter 77
307:Hyphen War
103:Presidents
568:reflex.cz
458:blackmail
138:Elections
91:Executive
598:idnes.cz
542:idnes.cz
518:cannabis
481:Jáchymov
884:
639:
436:, and
250:States
739:(PDF)
882:ISBN
829:2022
799:2022
773:2022
747:2022
721:2022
695:2022
669:2022
637:ISBN
606:2022
580:2022
550:2022
504:and
221:1992
216:1990
211:1986
206:1981
201:1976
196:1971
191:1964
186:1960
181:1954
176:1948
171:1946
166:1935
161:1929
156:1925
151:1920
75:1968
70:1960
65:1948
60:1920
55:1918
500:of
390:StB
934::
815:.
614:^
566:.
464:.
452:,
440:.
432:,
428:,
424:,
420:,
416:,
412:,
408:,
404:,
890:.
831:.
801:.
775:.
749:.
723:.
697:.
671:.
645:.
608:.
582:.
552:.
371:e
364:t
357:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
