44:
1513:
1897:
766:
MacDiarmid's first wife, Marian
Mathieu, who he had married in 1954, died in 1990. He is survived by four children: Heather McConnell, Dawn Hazelett, Duncan MacDiarmid and Gail Williams, from their marriage and nine grandchildren: Dr. Sean McConnell, Dr. Ryan McConnell, Rebecca McConnell, Dr. Clayton
364:
MacDiarmid also travelled around the world for speaking engagements that impressed upon listeners the value of globalising the effort of innovation in the 21st century. In one of his last courses, in 2001, MacDiarmid elected to lead a small seminar of incoming freshmen about his research activities.
360:
The Nobel Prize was awarded for the discovery that plastics can, after certain modifications, be made electrically conductive. The work progressed to yield important practical applications. Conductive plastics can be used for anti-static substances for photographic film and 'smart' windows that can
289:
In 1943, MacDiarmid passed the
University of New Zealand's University Entrance Exam and its Medical Preliminary Exam. He then took up a part-time job as a "lab boy" or janitor at Victoria University of Wellington during his studies for a BSc degree, which he completed in 1947. He was then appointed
361:
exclude sunlight. Semi-conductive polymers have been applied in light-emitting diodes, solar cells and displays in mobile telephones. Future developments in molecular electronics are predicted to dramatically increase the speed while reducing the size of computers.
290:
demonstrator in the undergraduate laboratories. After completing an MSc in chemistry from the same university, he worked as an assistant in its chemistry department. It was here that he had his first publication in 1949, in the scientific journal
322:, USA, where he became a full professor in 1964. MacDiarmid spent the greater part of his career on the chemistry faculty of the University of Pennsylvania, where he worked for 45 years. The first twenty years of his research there focused on
4458:
541:
MacDiarmid, A.G., Jones, J.W.E., Norris, I.D., Gao, J., Johnson, J.A.T., Pinto, N.J., Hone, J., Han, B., Ko, F.K., Okuzaki, H., and
Llaguno, M., "Electrostatically-Generated Nanofibers of Electronic Polymers,"
767:
Hazelett, Wesley
Hazelett, Langston MacDiarmid, Aubree Williams, Austin Williams and George Williams. MacDiarmid was also survived by his second wife, Gayl Gentile, whom he married in 2005; she died in 2014.
626:
Venancio, E.C; Wang, P-C.; MacDiarmid, A.G. "The Azanes: A Class of
Material Incorporating Nano/Micro Self-Assembled Hollow Spheres Obtained By Aqueous Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline".
4177:
375:
Chiang, C.K.; Druy, M.A.; Gau, S.C.; Heeger, A.J.; Louis, E.J.; MacDiarmid, A.G.; Park, Y.W.; Shirakawa, H., "Synthesis of Highly
Conducting Films of Derivatives of Polyacetylene, (CH)x,"
401:
388:
4413:
4154:
664:
4308:
4120:
825:
586:
Premvardhan, L., Peteanu, L.A., Wang, P.-C., and MacDiarmid, A.G., "Electronic
Properties of the Conducting Form of Polyaniline from Electroabsorption Measurements,"
1464:
519:
MacDiarmid, A.G., Norris, I.D., Jones, J.W.E., El-Sherif, M.A., Yuan, J., Han, B. and Ko, F.K., "Polyaniline Based
Chemical Transducers with Sub-micron Dimensions,"
1322:
1014:
302:. He majored in inorganic chemistry, receiving his M.S. degree in 1952 and his PhD in 1953. He then won a Shell Graduate Scholarship, which enabled him to go to
4351:
530:
Norris, I.D., Shaker, M.M., Ko, F.K., and MacDiarmid, A.G., "Electrostatic
Fabrication of Ultrafine Conducting Fibers: Polyaniline/Polyethylene Oxide Blends,"
4408:
3811:
711:
4488:
4428:
4403:
1426:
4398:
3064:
1664:
4468:
4463:
486:
Wang, Z.H.; Li, C.; Scherr, E.M.; MacDiarmid, A.G.; Epstein, A.J., "Three
Dimensionality of 'Metallic' States in Conducting Polymers: Polyaniline,"
4113:
1627:
Alan G. MacDiarmid, Transcript of an Interview Conducted by Cyrus Mody at University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on 19 December 2005
978:
Alan G. MacDiarmid, Transcript of an Interview Conducted by Cyrus Mody at University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on 19 December 2005
737:
MacDiarmid Place in Lower Hutt, built in 2013 on the grounds of the closed Waiwhetu School of which he was a pupil, is named after Alan MacDiarmid.
4130:
686:
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3337:
402:
Energy Systems Based on Polyacetylene: Rechargeable Batteries and Schottky Barrier Solar Cells. Final Report, March 1, 1981 â February 29, 1984
4388:
1488:
604:
Tanner, D.B.; Doll, G.L.; Rao, A.M.; Eklund, P.C.; Arbuckle, G.A.; MacDiarmid, A.G. "Optical properties of potassium-doped polyacetylene".
450:
MacDiarmid, A.G., Yang, L.S., Huang, W.-S., and Humphrey, B.D., "Polyaniline: Electrochemistry and Application to Rechargeable Batteries".
4418:
1538:
575:
Hohnholz, D., and MacDiarmid, A.G., "Line Patterning of Conducting Polymers: New Horizons for Inexpensive, Disposable Electronic Devices,"
564:
Wang, P.C., and MacDiarmid, A.G., "Dependency of Properties of In Situ Deposited Polypyrrole Films on Dopant Anion and Substrate Surface,"
1246:
4483:
4448:
4106:
782:
389:
Polyacetylene, (CH){sub x}, as an Emerging Material for Solar Cell Applications. Final Technical Report, March 19, 1979 â March 18, 1980
4478:
693:
4443:
3219:
1560:
3645:
3057:
1657:
821:
508:
MacDiarmid, A.G., Zhou, Y., Feng, J., Furst, G.T., and Shedlow, A.M., "Isomers and Isomerization Processes in Poly-Anilines,"
4473:
4438:
3448:
3188:
1199:
4433:
3706:
1673:
1551:
1456:
1096:
Bellama, J.M.; MacDiarmid, A.G. (1969). "Synthesis and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of silylmethyl halides".
1049:
428:
Chiang, J.-C., and MacDiarmid, A.G., "Polyaniline': Protonic Acid Doping of the Emeraldine Form to the Metallic Regime,"
4098:
3625:
1532:
700:
615:
Hohnholz, D.; Okuzaki,H.; MacDiarmid, A.G. "Plastic electronic devices through line patterning of conducting polymers".
299:
108:
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3330:
663:
gave MacDiarmid an honorary doctorate in 1999 and in 2001 created the Alan MacDiarmid Chair in Physical Chemistry. The
29:
1326:
1006:
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3304:
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3289:
3284:
3274:
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3264:
3259:
3254:
3050:
2168:
1650:
760:
660:
283:
102:
1396:
751:. In early February 2007 he was planning to travel back to New Zealand, when he fell down the stairs in his home in
439:
MacDiarmid, A.G.; Chiang, J.-C.; Richter, A.F.; Epstein, A.J., "Polyaniline: A New Concept in Conducting Polymers,"
4498:
3731:
3686:
303:
4173:
1693:
1625:
1434:
976:
413:
259:, New Zealand as one of five children â three brothers and two sisters. His family was relatively poor, and the
4393:
3892:
3118:
2304:
422:
318:
in Scotland for a year as a member of the junior faculty. He then took a faculty position in chemistry at the
4423:
3323:
2942:
2874:
1295:
724:
330:
192:
131:
4320:
4236:
790:
682:
3803:
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232:
149:
33:
4272:
4266:
3907:
3630:
3427:
1992:
1522:
406:
393:
319:
182:
1369:
4195:
4081:
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3917:
3590:
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3114:
2105:
1801:
1634:
1615:
1181:"Synthesis of electrically conducting organic polymers: Halogen derivatives of polyacetylene, (CH) x"
985:
960:
775:
752:
671:
418:
275:
from one of his father's old textbooks, and he taught himself from this book and from library books.
79:
1601:
1277:
553:
Shimano, J.Y., and MacDiarmid, A.G., "Phase Segregation in Polyaniline: A Dynamic Block Copolymer,"
3407:
3083:
2710:
2200:
2097:
1677:
1179:
Shirakawa, Hideki; Louis, Edwin J.; MacDiarmid, Alan G.; Chiang, Chwan K.; Heeger, Alan J. (1977).
885:"Obituary: Alan Graham MacDiarmid (1927â2007) Pioneer of conducting polymers, and proud Antipodean"
748:
717:
354:
315:
187:
143:
1154:
4344:
4230:
3248:
2599:
2491:
2081:
1885:
1785:
1610:
1485:
955:
279:
114:
637:
MacDiarmid, A.G.; Venancio, E.C. "Agrienergy (Agriculture/Energy): What Does the Future Hold?â.
3969:
3949:
3787:
3772:
3157:
2982:
2970:
2958:
1941:
1348:
1300:
1239:
932:
1809:
497:
MacDiarmid, A.J.; Epstein, A.J., "The Concept of Secondary Doping as Applied to Polyaniline,"
4284:
4189:
2352:
2284:
1921:
1862:
779:
2228:
1996:
1642:
1080:
667:
and the Alan MacDiarmid building, opened in May 2010, at the university are named after him.
353:
in this research and published the first results in 1977. The three of them shared the 2000
208:
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4378:
3959:
3934:
3830:
3397:
3346:
3014:
2718:
2511:
2360:
2336:
2093:
2036:
704:
468:
MacDiarmid, A.G.; Epstein, A.J., " 'Synthetic Metals': A Novel Role for Organic Polymers,"
229:
4128:
8:
4357:
4302:
4254:
3984:
3535:
2918:
2655:
2623:
2535:
2499:
2192:
1572:
880:
342:
1512:
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2607:
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2176:
1589:
1113:
914:
862:
771:
345:âplastic materials that conduct electricity. He collaborated with the Japanese chemist
3315:
1278:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000: Alan Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa"
1220:
1109:
4314:
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4013:
4003:
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3515:
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3473:
3138:
2786:
2754:
2587:
2571:
2427:
2212:
1961:
1749:
906:
866:
479:
MacDiarmid, A.G.; Epstein, A.J., "Science and Technology of Conducting Polymers," in
295:
43:
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1969:
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1250:
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2012:
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1717:
1548:
1380:
1180:
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483:, P.N. Prasad and J.K. Nigam, Eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1991, p. 259.
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1937:
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2256:
2024:
1949:
1765:
1701:
1527:
910:
857:
840:
756:
720:, the highest honour of the People's Republic of China for foreign experts.
4019:
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1507:
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2563:
2515:
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2016:
2004:
1984:
1870:
1831:
1773:
1404:
1370:
Friendship Award awards friends, People's Daily Online, 30 September 2004
1195:
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1957:
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chemistry. He was appointed Blanchard Professor of Chemistry in 1988.
4459:
University of WisconsinâMadison College of Letters and Science alumni
2447:
2073:
1221:"The Long and Winding Road to the Nobel Prize for Alan MacDiarmid".
272:
263:
made life difficult in Masterton, due to which his family shifted to
256:
244:
240:
64:
901:
884:
461:
Kaner, R.B.; MacDiarmid, A.G., "Plastics That Conduct Electricity,"
4161:
3530:
365:
Overall, his name is on over 600 published papers and 20 patents.
323:
3802:
1351:. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 31 December 2001
1155:"Alan MacDiarmid, 79, Who Won Nobel for Work With Plastic, Dies"
770:
MacDiarmid was a first cousin of New Zealand expatriate painter
1296:"The Nobel-prize winning naturist â Alan MacDiarmid remembered"
839:
Holmes, Andrew B.; Klein, Michael L.; Baughman, Ray H. (2023).
800:, and considered himself a sun-worshipper and keen waterskier.
797:
202:
1178:
665:
MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
597:
MacDiarmid, A.G. "Twenty-five Years of Conducting Polymers".
271:, New Zealand. At around age ten, he developed an interest in
1672:
341:
His best-known research was the discovery and development of
243:
chemist, and one of three recipients of the Nobel Prize for
1400:
294:. He graduated in 1951 with first class honours, and won a
1082:
The chemistry of some new derivatives of the silyl radical
209:
The chemistry of some new derivatives of the silyl radical
4414:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1188:
Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications
3345:
841:"Alan Graham MacDiarmid. 14 April 1927â7 February 2007"
1539:
MacDiarmid's Page at The University of Texas at Dallas
655:
MacDiarmid won numerous awards and honours including:
1293:
1289:
1287:
747:
Towards the end of his life, MacDiarmid was ill with
1518:
Synthetic Metals": A Novel Role for Organic Polymers
845:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
314:
MacDiarmid worked in the School of Chemistry at the
1608:
1544:
MacDiarmid's page at the University of Pennsylvania
953:
838:
1568:Freeview video provided by the Vega Science Trust.
1284:
1262:Joan P. Capuzzi Giresi, "The Boy Chemist at 75."
937:Memorial Tributes: National Academy of Engineering
329:In 2002 MacDiarmid also joined the faculty of the
1095:
723:The Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute at the
707:, which is the highest honour the country awards.
414:The Workshop on Conductive Polymers: Final Report
4370:
4155:Department of Scientific and Industrial Research
759:, and died on 7 February 2007. He is buried at
3072:
4114:
3788:
3331:
3058:
1658:
796:MacDiarmid was also active as a naturist and
4409:Burials at Arlington Cemetery (Pennsylvania)
1574:Alan MacDiarmid Image Collection Finding Aid
1363:
822:"Fellowship of the Royal Society 1660â2015"
306:, where he completed a second PhD in 1955.
250:
4489:People educated at Hutt Valley High School
4429:New Zealand emigrants to the United States
4404:Alumni of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
4121:
4107:
3795:
3781:
3338:
3324:
3065:
3051:
1665:
1651:
1511:
1078:
694:United States National Academy of Sciences
42:
4399:Academics of the University of St Andrews
1294:Kent Atkinson of NZPA (9 February 2007).
1225:(University of Pennsylvania newsletter),
1134:(University of Pennsylvania newsletter),
968:
900:
856:
727:was named after him posthumously in 2007.
712:Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2003
4469:New Zealand fellows of the Royal Society
4464:Victoria University of Wellington alumni
734:in China was named after him since 2001.
692:In 2002, he was elected a member of the
368:
235:(14 April 1927 â 7 February 2007) was a
16:American-New Zealand chemist (1927â2007)
1457:"Kiwi Naturist Nobel Winner Remembered"
48:Alan MacDiarmid in Beijing, China, 2005
4371:
1202:from the original on 25 September 2017
1172:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1085:(PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
879:
336:
309:
4494:People from Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania
4454:University of Texas at Dallas faculty
4102:
3776:
3319:
3046:
1646:
1467:from the original on 11 November 2021
1152:
1050:"Alan MacDiarmid â PLASTIC FANTASTIC"
828:from the original on 15 October 2015.
816:
814:
812:
650:
4389:Deaths from myelodysplastic syndrome
3707:Robin Cooke, Baron Cooke of Thorndon
1623:
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
1007:"Alan G. MacDiarmid â Autobiography"
1001:
999:
997:
995:
974:
730:The Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute at
510:Proc. ANTEC '99, Soc. Plastics Engr.
4419:Members of the Order of New Zealand
4178:Auckland Cancer Research Laboratory
4133:of the Royal Society of New Zealand
3347:Members of the Order of New Zealand
1533:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
1270:
1141:
1098:Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
774:. The year after Alan received the
13:
4484:Recipients of the Rutherford Medal
4449:University of Pennsylvania faculty
1153:Chang, Kenneth (8 February 2007).
809:
703:, MacDiarmid was appointed to the
639:Experimental Biology and Medicine.
386:Heeger, A. J.; MacDiarmid, A. G.,
14:
4510:
4479:Accidental deaths in Pennsylvania
1561:List of MacDiarmid's publications
1500:
1403:. 8 February 2007. Archived from
1381:"Nobel-Winner MacDiarmid Dies".
1240:Sandy Smith, "Alan MacDiarmid".
1029:
1017:from the original on 10 July 2007
992:
947:
661:Victoria University of Wellington
284:Victoria University of Wellington
103:Victoria University of Wellington
4444:Polymer scientists and engineers
3687:Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
1895:
1624:Mody, Cyrus (19 December 2005).
1528:Alan Graham MacDiarmid biography
1431:The New Zealand Portrait Gallery
1130:"Chairs for Five SAS Faculty".
1079:MacDiarmid, Alan Graham (1955).
975:Mody, Cyrus (19 December 2005).
742:
685:awarded him its top honour, the
421:Division of Materials Sciences,
304:Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
1479:
1449:
1419:
1389:
1374:
1341:
1315:
1255:
1233:
1214:
1124:
1089:
300:University of WisconsinâMadison
109:University of WisconsinâMadison
1566:Interview with Alan MacDiarmid
1072:
925:
873:
832:
521:Polymeric Mat. Sci. & Eng.
423:Brookhaven National Laboratory
1:
1110:10.1016/S0022-328X(00)85395-4
803:
725:University of Texas at Dallas
481:Frontiers of Polymer Research
331:University of Texas at Dallas
193:University of Texas at Dallas
4474:Accidental deaths from falls
4439:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
1635:Chemical Heritage Foundation
1523:McDiarmid Institute Web Site
1516:including the Nobel Lecture
1397:"NZ Nobel Prize winner dies"
1349:"New Year honours list 2002"
986:Chemical Heritage Foundation
791:New Zealand Portrait Gallery
683:Royal Society of New Zealand
7:
4434:New Zealand Nobel laureates
3100:(United States/New Zealand)
349:and the American physicist
278:MacDiarmid was educated at
150:Fellow of the Royal Society
132:The Francis J. Clamer Medal
10:
4515:
1549:New Zealand Edge biography
407:University of Pennsylvania
394:University of Pennsylvania
320:University of Pennsylvania
183:University of Pennsylvania
91:New Zealand, United States
4210:
4138:
4049:
3818:
3745:
3669:
3576:Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan
3498:
3491:
3441:
3360:
3353:
3243:
3218:
3187:
3156:
3137:
3113:
3082:
2701:
2402:
2143:
1904:
1893:
1684:
1616:Science History Institute
1609:Center for Oral History.
1491:30 September 2007 at the
961:Science History Institute
954:Center for Oral History.
776:Nobel Prize for Chemistry
753:Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania
716:In 2004, he received the
710:MacDiarmid was elected a
672:American Chemical Society
419:U.S. Department of Energy
219:
201:
175:
168:
124:
95:
87:
80:Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania
76:7 February 2007 (aged 79)
72:
53:
41:
23:
3955:Richard John Nelmes
3166:Zhores Ivanovich Alferov
2819:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
2098:Wendell Meredith Stanley
1678:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1249:31 December 2006 at the
785:11 November 2021 at the
749:myelodysplastic syndrome
355:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
316:University of St Andrews
251:Early life and education
188:University of St Andrews
144:William H. Nichols Medal
4499:Social nudity advocates
4345:Philippa Howden-Chapman
4139:New Zealand Science and
280:Hutt Valley High School
255:MacDiarmid was born in
115:University of Cambridge
4004:Richard H. Sibson
3998:John Donald Scott
3847:John Milton Brown
3249:Nobel Prize recipients
3189:Physiology or Medicine
2983:Emmanuelle Charpentier
2971:M. Stanley Whittingham
1942:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
1301:The New Zealand Herald
858:10.1098/rsbm.2022.0045
789:of his cousin for the
465:, 106 (February 1988).
226:Alan Graham MacDiarmid
58:Alan Graham MacDiarmid
4394:People from Masterton
4285:Christine Winterbourn
4190:Thomas William Walker
4141:Technology Gold Medal
3991:John Gair Robson
2353:Christian B. Anfinsen
1993:Frédéric Joliot-Curie
701:2002 New Year Honours
369:Selected publications
4424:New Zealand chemists
3935:Jonathan D. G. Jones
3831:Jocelyn Bell Burnell
3178:Jack St. Clair Kilby
3015:Karl Barry Sharpless
2512:Dudley R. Herschbach
2337:Luis Federico Leloir
1633:. Philadelphia, PA:
1611:"Alan G. MacDiarmid"
1463:. 16 February 2007.
1407:on 22 September 2007
1383:Pennsylvania Gazette
1264:Pennsylvania Gazette
1196:10.1039/C39770000578
984:. Philadelphia, PA:
956:"Alan G. MacDiarmid"
933:"Alan G. MacDiarmid"
705:Order of New Zealand
296:Fulbright Fellowship
4358:Linda Tuhiwai Smith
4303:Peter Schwerdtfeger
3985:Elizabeth Robertson
3929:Malcolm Irving
3893:Roger Fletcher
3536:Frederick Turnovsky
3007:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
2919:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
2656:Jens Christian Skou
2624:F. Sherwood Rowland
2536:Charles J. Pedersen
2500:Herbert A. Hauptman
2193:Vincent du Vigneaud
1810:Richard WillstÀtter
1694:Jacobus van 't Hoff
1554:1 July 2007 at the
676:Materials Chemistry
583:, 1327â1328 (2001).
463:Scientific American
399:MacDiarmid, A. G.,
343:conductive polymers
337:Conductive polymers
310:Career and research
267:, a few miles from
140:in Chemistry (2000)
4129:Recipients of the
4070:Klaus von Klitzing
4064:Fotis Kafatos
4020:Adrian Sutton
3980:Venki Ramakrishnan
3918:Peter Holland
3670:Additional members
3442:Additional members
3098:Alan G. MacDiarmid
2967:John B. Goodenough
2895:William E. Moerner
2775:Richard R. Schrock
2747:Roderick MacKinnon
2719:K. Barry Sharpless
2544:Johann Deisenhofer
2373:Geoffrey Wilkinson
2369:Ernst Otto Fischer
2293:Robert S. Mulliken
2229:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂœ
2177:Hermann Staudinger
1997:IrĂšne Joliot-Curie
1510:on Nobelprize.org
1437:on 4 February 2020
1244:, 26 October 2000.
1229:, 17 October 2000.
1159:The New York Times
780:painted a portrait
772:Douglas MacDiarmid
761:Arlington Cemetery
651:Awards and honours
617:Adv. Funct. Mater.
4366:
4365:
4352:The Dunedin Study
4315:Michael Corballis
4096:
4095:
4088:Valentine Telegdi
4076:Donald Knuth
4041:Peter N. T. Wells
4014:Geoffrey L. Smith
3960:Stephen O'Rahilly
3950:Stephen Mann
3888:Jeffery Errington
3868:Anthony Dickinson
3770:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3591:Thaddeus McCarthy
3516:Te Atairangikaahu
3487:
3486:
3474:Silvia Cartwright
3313:
3312:
3220:Economic Sciences
3040:
3039:
3023:Moungi G. Bawendi
2943:Richard Henderson
2787:Roger D. Kornberg
2755:Aaron Ciechanover
2588:Rudolph A. Marcus
2492:Robert Merrifield
2428:Peter D. Mitchell
2201:Cyril Hinshelwood
1962:Friedrich Bergius
1886:Richard Zsigmondy
1802:Theodore Richards
1750:Ernest Rutherford
1427:"Alan MacDiarmid"
824:. Royal Society.
670:Awarded the 1999
594:, 157â161 (2001).
572:, 267â268 (2001).
561:, 365â366 (2001).
377:J. Am. Chem. Soc.
223:
222:
170:Scientific career
155:NAS Member (2002)
4506:
4291:Margaret Brimble
4211:Rutherford Medal
4202:David Vere-Jones
4131:Rutherford Medal
4123:
4116:
4109:
4100:
4099:
3940:Michael L. Klein
3923:James Hough
3853:Mark Wayne Chase
3841:William Bonfield
3797:
3790:
3783:
3774:
3773:
3753:Shridath Ramphal
3746:Honorary members
3737:Catherine Tizard
3651:Doreen Blumhardt
3556:Manuhuia Bennett
3541:Richard Matthews
3506:Arnold Nordmeyer
3499:Ordinary members
3496:
3495:
3361:Ordinary members
3358:
3357:
3340:
3333:
3326:
3317:
3316:
3251:
3104:Hideki Shirakawa
3067:
3060:
3053:
3044:
3043:
3033:
3031:Alexei I. Ekimov
3017:
3011:Morten P. Meldal
3001:
2989:
2977:
2961:
2945:
2935:Jacques Dubochet
2929:
2913:
2897:
2881:
2865:
2859:Robert Lefkowitz
2853:
2845:
2829:
2823:Thomas A. Steitz
2813:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2771:Robert H. Grubbs
2765:
2749:
2737:
2721:
2694:
2692:Hideki Shirakawa
2678:
2670:
2658:
2642:
2626:
2610:
2602:
2590:
2582:
2580:Richard R. Ernst
2574:
2566:
2554:
2538:
2522:
2506:
2494:
2486:
2478:
2470:
2458:
2456:Frederick Sanger
2442:
2436:Herbert C. Brown
2430:
2422:
2414:
2412:William Lipscomb
2395:
2383:
2375:
2363:
2347:
2345:Gerhard Herzberg
2339:
2331:
2319:
2311:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2271:
2259:
2247:
2239:
2231:
2223:
2221:Frederick Sanger
2215:
2207:
2205:Nikolay Semyonov
2195:
2187:
2179:
2171:
2159:
2157:Glenn T. Seaborg
2136:
2124:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2084:
2082:Artturi Virtanen
2076:
2068:
2066:George de Hevesy
2060:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2027:
2019:
2007:
1999:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1972:
1964:
1952:
1944:
1932:
1924:
1922:Heinrich Wieland
1916:
1914:Theodor Svedberg
1899:
1898:
1888:
1880:
1879:
1873:
1865:
1857:
1849:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1826:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1812:
1804:
1796:
1788:
1776:
1768:
1760:
1752:
1744:
1736:
1728:
1726:Adolf von Baeyer
1720:
1712:
1710:Svante Arrhenius
1704:
1696:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1632:
1620:
1605:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1515:
1495:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1433:. Archived from
1423:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1393:
1387:
1378:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1325:. Archived from
1319:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1291:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1268:
1259:
1253:
1242:The Penn Current
1237:
1231:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1185:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1150:
1139:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1056:. Archived from
1046:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1003:
990:
989:
983:
972:
966:
965:
951:
945:
944:
929:
923:
922:
904:
877:
871:
870:
860:
836:
830:
829:
818:
763:in Drexel Hill.
732:Jilin University
718:Friendship Award
687:Rutherford Medal
488:Phys. Rev. Lett.
409:(February 1984).
347:Hideki Shirakawa
261:Great Depression
215:
159:Friendship Award
46:
36:
21:
20:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4503:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4237:George Petersen
4219:Alan MacDiarmid
4206:
4140:
4134:
4127:
4097:
4092:
4045:
3975:John Papaloizou
3970:Tim Palmer
3965:Bridget Ogilvie
3945:Alan MacDiarmid
3913:Keith Gull
3898:Roderick Flower
3814:
3801:
3771:
3762:
3741:
3665:
3636:Alan MacDiarmid
3631:Thomas Williams
3571:Jack Somerville
3546:Douglas Lilburn
3483:
3459:Margaret Bazley
3437:
3349:
3344:
3314:
3309:
3247:
3239:
3236:(United States)
3234:Daniel McFadden
3230:(United States)
3214:
3211:(United States)
3205:(United States)
3183:
3180:(United States)
3172:Herbert Kroemer
3152:
3133:
3109:
3094:(United States)
3078:
3071:
3041:
3036:
3020:
3004:
2995:David MacMillan
2992:
2987:Jennifer Doudna
2980:
2964:
2948:
2932:
2923:Fraser Stoddart
2916:
2907:Paul L. Modrich
2900:
2884:
2868:
2856:
2848:
2843:Ei-ichi Negishi
2835:Richard F. Heck
2832:
2816:
2803:Osamu Shimomura
2800:
2792:
2784:
2768:
2752:
2740:
2724:
2711:William Knowles
2708:
2697:
2688:Alan MacDiarmid
2681:
2673:
2661:
2645:
2640:Richard Smalley
2629:
2616:Paul J. Crutzen
2613:
2605:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2557:
2541:
2532:Jean-Marie Lehn
2525:
2509:
2497:
2489:
2481:
2473:
2461:
2445:
2433:
2425:
2417:
2409:
2398:
2393:Vladimir Prelog
2386:
2378:
2366:
2350:
2342:
2334:
2322:
2314:
2298:
2290:
2285:Robert Woodward
2282:
2277:Dorothy Hodgkin
2274:
2262:
2250:
2242:
2234:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2198:
2190:
2182:
2174:
2162:
2150:
2139:
2127:
2122:William Giauque
2119:
2111:
2106:Robert Robinson
2103:
2090:James B. Sumner
2087:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2043:
2042:
2037:Leopold RuĆŸiÄka
2033:Adolf Butenandt
2030:
2022:
2010:
2002:
1990:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1970:Irving Langmuir
1967:
1955:
1947:
1935:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1868:
1860:
1855:Frederick Soddy
1852:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1807:
1799:
1791:
1782:Victor Grignard
1779:
1771:
1763:
1758:Wilhelm Ostwald
1755:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1680:
1671:
1641:
1630:
1597:
1596:
1587:
1586:
1579:
1577:
1571:
1556:Wayback Machine
1508:Alan MacDiarmid
1503:
1498:
1493:Wayback Machine
1484:
1480:
1470:
1468:
1461:NaturistMusings
1455:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1410:
1408:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1379:
1375:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1332:
1330:
1323:"Chemistry.org"
1321:
1320:
1316:
1306:
1304:
1292:
1285:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1260:
1256:
1251:Wayback Machine
1238:
1234:
1219:
1215:
1205:
1203:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1163:
1161:
1151:
1142:
1138:, 12 July 1988.
1129:
1125:
1094:
1090:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1048:
1047:
1030:
1020:
1018:
1005:
1004:
993:
981:
973:
969:
952:
948:
931:
930:
926:
902:10.1038/446390a
878:
874:
837:
833:
820:
819:
810:
806:
787:Wayback Machine
745:
740:
653:
648:
623:, 51â56 (2005).
612:, 75â79 (2004).
550:, 27â30 (2001).
470:Macromol. Chem.
425:(October 1985).
371:
357:for this work.
339:
312:
253:
213:
197:
164:
120:
96:Alma mater
83:
77:
68:
62:
60:
59:
49:
37:
28:
26:
25:Alan MacDiarmid
17:
12:
11:
5:
4512:
4502:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4354:
4348:
4341:
4335:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4311:
4305:
4299:
4293:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4269:
4263:
4257:
4251:
4249:Paul Callaghan
4245:
4239:
4233:
4227:
4225:Peter Gluckman
4221:
4214:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4170:
4164:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4126:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4103:
4094:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3903:Melvyn Greaves
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3873:Eleanor Dodson
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3826:John D. Barrow
3822:
3820:
3816:
3815:
3800:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3777:
3768:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3760:
3758:Bill Pickering
3755:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3722:Owen Woodhouse
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3697:Arthur Lydiard
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3673:
3671:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3656:Murray Halberg
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3606:James Fletcher
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3521:Edmund Hillary
3518:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3500:
3493:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3479:Tipene O'Regan
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3445:
3443:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3413:Peter Gluckman
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3368:Kiri Te Kanawa
3364:
3362:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3343:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3320:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3231:
3224:
3222:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3209:Eric R. Kandel
3206:
3203:Paul Greengard
3200:
3197:Arvid Carlsson
3193:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3162:
3160:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3143:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3130:(China/France)
3124:
3122:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3101:
3095:
3092:Alan J. Heeger
3088:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3070:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3047:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3018:
3002:
2990:
2978:
2962:
2955:Gregory Winter
2951:Frances Arnold
2946:
2930:
2914:
2898:
2882:
2875:Michael Levitt
2871:Martin Karplus
2866:
2854:
2846:
2830:
2814:
2811:Roger Y. Tsien
2807:Martin Chalfie
2798:
2790:
2782:
2766:
2750:
2738:
2722:
2705:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2684:Alan J. Heeger
2679:
2671:
2659:
2652:John E. Walker
2643:
2627:
2611:
2603:
2591:
2583:
2575:
2567:
2555:
2552:Hartmut Michel
2539:
2528:Donald J. Cram
2523:
2507:
2495:
2487:
2479:
2471:
2468:Roald Hoffmann
2459:
2452:Walter Gilbert
2443:
2431:
2423:
2420:Ilya Prigogine
2415:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2389:John Cornforth
2384:
2376:
2364:
2357:Stanford Moore
2348:
2340:
2332:
2320:
2312:
2305:Ronald Norrish
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2260:
2248:
2240:
2232:
2224:
2216:
2213:Alexander Todd
2208:
2196:
2188:
2180:
2172:
2160:
2153:Edwin McMillan
2147:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2125:
2117:
2109:
2101:
2085:
2077:
2069:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2028:
2020:
2013:Norman Haworth
2008:
2000:
1988:
1980:
1973:
1965:
1953:
1945:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1881:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1847:Walther Nernst
1842:
1835:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1805:
1797:
1789:
1777:
1769:
1761:
1753:
1745:
1742:Eduard Buchner
1737:
1729:
1721:
1718:William Ramsay
1713:
1705:
1697:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1647:
1640:
1639:
1621:
1606:
1598:|website=
1569:
1563:
1558:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1525:
1520:
1504:
1502:
1501:External links
1499:
1497:
1496:
1478:
1448:
1418:
1388:
1373:
1362:
1340:
1329:on 4 July 2007
1314:
1283:
1269:
1254:
1232:
1213:
1171:
1140:
1123:
1104:(2): 275â284.
1088:
1071:
1060:on 1 July 2007
1028:
1011:Nobelprize.org
991:
967:
946:
924:
881:Holmes, Andrew
872:
831:
807:
805:
802:
755:, a suburb of
744:
741:
739:
738:
735:
728:
721:
714:
708:
697:
690:
679:
668:
657:
652:
649:
647:
646:
645:, 1212 (2006).
635:
624:
613:
602:
595:
584:
573:
562:
551:
539:
528:
517:
516:, 1563 (1999).
506:
495:
494:, 1745 (1991).
484:
477:
466:
459:
448:
437:
426:
410:
397:
384:
383:, 1013 (1978).
372:
370:
367:
338:
335:
311:
308:
252:
249:
221:
220:
217:
216:
205:
199:
198:
196:
195:
190:
185:
179:
177:
173:
172:
166:
165:
163:
162:
156:
153:
147:
141:
135:
128:
126:
122:
121:
119:
118:
112:
106:
99:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
78:
74:
70:
69:
63:
57:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4511:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4359:
4355:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4322:
4321:Colin Wilson
4318:
4316:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4264:
4262:
4261:Richard Faull
4258:
4256:
4252:
4250:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4203:
4199:
4197:
4196:Bill Robinson
4193:
4191:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4163:
4159:
4157:(group award)
4156:
4152:
4150:
4149:Vaughan Jones
4146:
4145:
4143:
4137:
4132:
4124:
4119:
4117:
4112:
4110:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4089:
4085:
4083:
4082:José Sarukhån
4079:
4077:
4073:
4071:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4031:Andrew Watson
4029:
4027:
4026:Karen Vousden
4024:
4022:
4021:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3836:Mariann Bienz
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3808:Royal Society
3805:
3798:
3793:
3791:
3786:
3784:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:Prince Philip
3730:
3728:
3727:Brian Lochore
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3646:Jonathan Hunt
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3616:Cliff Whiting
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:Margaret Mahy
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3551:June Blundell
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3469:Malvina Major
3467:
3465:
3464:Peter Jackson
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3449:Michael Duffy
3447:
3446:
3444:
3440:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3383:Kenneth Keith
3381:
3379:
3378:Lloyd Geering
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3341:
3336:
3334:
3329:
3327:
3322:
3321:
3318:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3228:James Heckman
3226:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3217:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3149:(South Korea)
3148:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3076:
3068:
3063:
3061:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3048:
3045:
3032:
3028:
3027:Louis E. Brus
3024:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3003:
3000:
2999:Benjamin List
2996:
2991:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2975:Akira Yoshino
2972:
2968:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2939:Joachim Frank
2936:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2903:Tomas Lindahl
2899:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2883:
2880:
2879:Arieh Warshel
2876:
2872:
2867:
2864:
2863:Brian Kobilka
2860:
2855:
2852:
2851:Dan Shechtman
2847:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2831:
2828:
2827:Ada E. Yonath
2824:
2820:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2767:
2764:
2760:
2759:Avram Hershko
2756:
2751:
2748:
2744:
2739:
2736:
2735:Kurt WĂŒthrich
2732:
2731:Koichi Tanaka
2728:
2723:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2700:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2648:Paul D. Boyer
2644:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2612:
2609:
2604:
2601:
2600:Michael Smith
2597:
2592:
2589:
2584:
2581:
2576:
2573:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2560:Sidney Altman
2556:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2496:
2493:
2488:
2485:
2480:
2477:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2464:Kenichi Fukui
2460:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2429:
2424:
2421:
2416:
2413:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2362:
2361:William Stein
2358:
2354:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2338:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2318:
2313:
2310:
2309:George Porter
2306:
2302:
2301:Manfred Eigen
2297:
2294:
2289:
2286:
2281:
2278:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2245:Melvin Calvin
2241:
2238:
2237:Willard Libby
2233:
2230:
2225:
2222:
2217:
2214:
2209:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2194:
2189:
2186:
2185:Linus Pauling
2181:
2178:
2173:
2170:
2169:Richard Synge
2166:
2165:Archer Martin
2161:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2123:
2118:
2115:
2114:Arne Tiselius
2110:
2107:
2102:
2099:
2095:
2094:John Northrop
2091:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2075:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2029:
2026:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1974:
1971:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1938:Arthur Harden
1934:
1931:
1930:Adolf Windaus
1926:
1923:
1918:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1887:
1882:
1875:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1863:Francis Aston
1859:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1843:
1836:
1833:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1803:
1798:
1795:
1794:Alfred Werner
1790:
1787:
1786:Paul Sabatier
1783:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1735:
1734:Henri Moissan
1730:
1727:
1722:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1703:
1698:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1668:
1663:
1661:
1656:
1654:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1636:
1629:
1628:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1591:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1422:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1385:, March 2007.
1384:
1377:
1371:
1366:
1350:
1344:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1290:
1288:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1266:, March 2002.
1265:
1258:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1160:
1156:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1075:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
987:
980:
979:
971:
963:
962:
957:
950:
942:
938:
934:
928:
920:
916:
912:
908:
903:
898:
895:(7134): 390.
894:
890:
886:
882:
876:
868:
864:
859:
854:
850:
846:
842:
835:
827:
823:
817:
815:
813:
808:
801:
799:
794:
792:
788:
784:
781:
777:
773:
768:
764:
762:
758:
754:
750:
743:Personal life
736:
733:
729:
726:
722:
719:
715:
713:
709:
706:
702:
698:
695:
691:
688:
684:
680:
677:
673:
669:
666:
662:
659:
658:
656:
644:
640:
636:
634:, 357 (2006).
633:
629:
625:
622:
618:
614:
611:
607:
603:
601:, 1â4 (2003).
600:
596:
593:
589:
585:
582:
578:
574:
571:
567:
563:
560:
556:
552:
549:
545:
540:
537:
533:
529:
527:, 544 (2000).
526:
522:
518:
515:
511:
507:
505:, 103 (1994).
504:
500:
496:
493:
489:
485:
482:
478:
475:
471:
467:
464:
460:
458:, 393 (1987).
457:
453:
449:
447:, 285 (1987).
446:
442:
438:
436:, 193 (1986).
435:
431:
427:
424:
420:
416:
415:
411:
408:
404:
403:
398:
395:
391:
390:
385:
382:
378:
374:
373:
366:
362:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
334:
332:
327:
325:
321:
317:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
287:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
231:
227:
218:
211:
210:
206:
204:
200:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
180:
178:
174:
171:
167:
160:
157:
154:
151:
148:
145:
142:
139:
136:
133:
130:
129:
127:
123:
116:
113:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
98:
94:
90:
86:
81:
75:
71:
67:, New Zealand
66:
61:14 April 1927
56:
52:
45:
40:
35:
31:
22:
19:
4333:Jane Harding
4297:Anne Salmond
4273:Peter Hunter
4218:
4183:
4058:Denis Baylor
4018:
3996:
3989:
3944:
3927:
3878:Peter Dornan
3858:Michael Coey
3845:
3712:Hugh KÄwharu
3682:Allen Curnow
3661:Ralph Hotere
3635:
3611:Ivan Lichter
3601:Miles Warren
3596:Roy McKenzie
3566:Whina Cooper
3526:Sonja Davies
3433:Anne Salmond
3418:Richie McCaw
3403:Albert Wendt
3388:Don McKinnon
3279:
3147:Kim Dae-jung
3128:Gao Xingjian
3097:
2959:George Smith
2839:Akira Suzuki
2795:Gerhard Ertl
2779:Yves Chauvin
2727:John B. Fenn
2715:Ryoji Noyori
2702:2001âpresent
2687:
2676:Ahmed Zewail
2636:Harold Kroto
2620:Mario Molina
2548:Robert Huber
2520:John Polanyi
2504:Jerome Karle
2440:Georg Wittig
2325:Derek Barton
2317:Lars Onsager
2269:Giulio Natta
2265:Karl Ziegler
2257:John Kendrew
2025:Richard Kuhn
1950:Hans Fischer
1766:Otto Wallach
1702:Emil Fischer
1626:
1614:
1578:. Retrieved
1573:
1531:
1517:
1486:My Nude Life
1481:
1469:. Retrieved
1460:
1451:
1439:. Retrieved
1435:the original
1430:
1421:
1409:. Retrieved
1405:the original
1391:
1382:
1376:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1343:
1331:. Retrieved
1327:the original
1317:
1307:16 September
1305:. Retrieved
1299:
1272:
1263:
1257:
1241:
1235:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1187:
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1158:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1081:
1074:
1062:. Retrieved
1058:the original
1053:
1019:. Retrieved
1010:
977:
970:
959:
949:
943:: 296. 2011.
940:
936:
927:
892:
888:
875:
848:
844:
834:
795:
769:
765:
757:Philadelphia
746:
681:In 2000 the
675:
654:
642:
638:
631:
627:
620:
616:
609:
605:
598:
591:
587:
580:
576:
569:
565:
558:
554:
547:
543:
535:
531:
524:
520:
513:
509:
502:
498:
491:
487:
480:
476:, 11 (1991).
473:
469:
462:
455:
451:
444:
440:
433:
429:
412:
400:
396:(June 1980).
387:
380:
376:
363:
359:
340:
328:
313:
291:
288:
277:
254:
225:
224:
207:
176:Institutions
169:
18:
4384:2007 deaths
4379:1927 births
4279:Warren Tate
4267:David Parry
4243:David Penny
4231:Jeff Tallon
3908:Peter Green
3883:Ann Dowling
3717:Paul Reeves
3692:Janet Frame
3641:David Lange
3621:Ken Douglas
3586:Miriam Dell
3511:C. E. Beeby
3454:C. K. Stead
3428:Mason Durie
3398:Bob Charles
3393:Helen Clark
3075:Nobel Prize
2927:Ben Feringa
2911:Aziz Sancar
2891:Stefan Hell
2887:Eric Betzig
2664:Walter Kohn
2632:Robert Curl
2608:George Olah
2596:Kary Mullis
2572:Elias Corey
2564:Thomas Cech
2516:Yuan T. Lee
2484:Henry Taube
2017:Paul Karrer
2005:Peter Debye
1985:Harold Urey
1871:Fritz Pregl
1832:Fritz Haber
1774:Marie Curie
1441:22 February
1190:(16): 578.
851:: 259â282.
628:Synth. Met.
606:Synth. Met.
599:Chem. Comm.
588:Synth. Met.
577:Synth. Met.
566:Synth. Met.
555:Synth. Met.
544:Synth. Met.
538:, 2 (2000).
532:Synth. Met.
499:Synth. Met.
452:Synth. Met.
441:Synth. Met.
430:Synth. Met.
351:Alan Heeger
237:New Zealand
138:Nobel Prize
88:Nationality
4373:Categories
4339:Brian Boyd
4327:Rod Downey
4174:Bill Denny
4168:Ian Axford
4036:Fiona Watt
4009:Leon Simon
3863:Kay Davies
3702:Ann Ballin
3677:Guy Powles
3626:Mike Moore
3561:Henry Lang
3423:Joy Cowley
3408:Ron Carter
3373:Jim Bolger
3115:Literature
2763:Irwin Rose
2743:Peter Agre
2668:John Pople
2476:Aaron Klug
2381:Paul Flory
2329:Odd Hassel
2253:Max Perutz
2134:Kurt Alder
2130:Otto Diels
1958:Carl Bosch
1411:8 February
1054:NZEdge.com
804:References
778:, Douglas
269:Wellington
265:Lower Hutt
4255:Ted Baker
3174:(Germany)
3084:Chemistry
3077:laureates
2448:Paul Berg
2403:1976â2000
2144:1951â1975
2074:Otto Hahn
1905:1926â1950
1685:1901â1925
1674:Laureates
1600:ignored (
1590:cite book
1530:from the
1471:9 January
867:256630316
674:Award in
273:chemistry
257:Masterton
247:in 2000.
245:Chemistry
65:Masterton
4347:and team
4309:Ian Reid
4184:No award
4162:Roy Kerr
3810:elected
3531:Jim Knox
3492:Deceased
3199:(Sweden)
3168:(Russia)
1552:Archived
1489:Archived
1465:Archived
1355:3 August
1247:Archived
1206:29 April
1200:Archived
1118:95219241
1015:Archived
911:17377574
883:(2007).
826:Archived
783:Archived
241:American
4050:Foreign
3819:Fellows
3812:in 2003
3806:of the
3804:Fellows
3354:Current
3158:Physics
3106:(Japan)
1676:of the
1580:1 March
1333:14 July
1223:Almanac
1164:1 March
1132:Almanac
919:4400048
699:In the
324:silicon
298:to the
4356:2023:
4350:2022:
4343:2021:
4337:2020:
4331:2019:
4325:2018:
4319:2017:
4313:2016:
4307:2015:
4301:2014:
4295:2013:
4289:2012:
4283:2011:
4277:2010:
4271:2009:
4265:2008:
4259:2007:
4253:2006:
4247:2005:
4241:2004:
4235:2003:
4229:2002:
4223:2001:
4217:2000:
4200:1999:
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4166:1994:
4160:1993:
4153:1992:
4147:1991:
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4080:
4074:
4068:
4062:
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2993:2021:
2981:2020:
2965:2019:
2949:2018:
2933:2017:
2917:2016:
2901:2015:
2885:2014:
2869:2013:
2857:2012:
2849:2011:
2833:2010:
2817:2009:
2801:2008:
2793:2007:
2785:2006:
2769:2005:
2753:2004:
2741:2003:
2725:2002:
2709:2001:
2682:2000:
2674:1999:
2662:1998:
2646:1997:
2630:1996:
2614:1995:
2606:1994:
2594:1993:
2586:1992:
2578:1991:
2570:1990:
2558:1989:
2542:1988:
2526:1987:
2510:1986:
2498:1985:
2490:1984:
2482:1983:
2474:1982:
2462:1981:
2446:1980:
2434:1979:
2426:1978:
2418:1977:
2410:1976:
2387:1975:
2379:1974:
2367:1973:
2351:1972:
2343:1971:
2335:1970:
2323:1969:
2315:1968:
2299:1967:
2291:1966:
2283:1965:
2275:1964:
2263:1963:
2251:1962:
2243:1961:
2235:1960:
2227:1959:
2219:1958:
2211:1957:
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2183:1954:
2175:1953:
2163:1952:
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1920:1927:
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1853:1921:
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1830:1918:
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1800:1914:
1792:1913:
1780:1912:
1772:1911:
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1692:1901:
1116:
1064:3 July
1021:3 July
917:
909:
889:Nature
865:
798:nudist
292:Nature
239:-born
214:(1955)
212:
203:Thesis
161:(2004)
152:(2003)
146:(2002)
134:(1993)
125:Awards
82:, U.S.
3280:2000
3139:Peace
3073:2000
1631:(PDF)
1227:47(8)
1184:(PDF)
1136:35(1)
1114:S2CID
982:(PDF)
915:S2CID
863:S2CID
117:(PhD)
105:(BSc)
32:
4176:and
3305:2005
3300:2004
3295:2003
3290:2002
3285:2001
3275:1999
3270:1998
3265:1997
3260:1996
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3119:2000
2058:1942
2051:1941
2044:1940
1977:1933
1878:1924
1839:1919
1824:1917
1817:1916
1602:help
1582:2018
1473:2022
1443:2017
1413:2007
1401:NZPA
1357:2019
1335:2007
1309:2011
1208:2018
1166:2018
1066:2007
1023:2007
907:PMID
282:and
111:(MS)
73:Died
54:Born
1192:doi
1106:doi
897:doi
893:446
853:doi
643:231
632:156
610:141
592:116
581:121
570:119
559:119
548:119
536:114
381:100
233:FRS
230:ONZ
34:FRS
30:ONZ
4375::
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2997:/
2985:/
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