Snowboarding - Knowledge

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specifically the knee joint, are more likely to occur. When injured, snowboarders are twice as likely to get a fracture as skiers. Other minor injuries that happen are "wrist injuries, shoulder soft tissue injuries, ankle injuries, concussions, and clavicle fractures, were seen injuries are very common when snowboarding". In recreational and inexperienced "most injuries to snowboarders occurred more often while they were traveling at reckless speed on moderate slopes". Another way injuries happen is because they try sticking with someone that is a higher skill level, which they are not capable of handling because of the lack of skill they possess. Some major injuries that occur during snowboarding are head, and spinal injuries, "the main cause of spinal fractures in snowboarders was jump landing failure and compression type fractures occur in about 80% of snowboarders with vertebral fractures because they frequently fall backwards, and this can cause axial loading and anterior compression fractures". Injuries to the upper body are much less common among professional snowboarders. "Most of the professionals and elite snowboarders frequently sustain injuries when trying to execute challenging tricks at high speeds and with increased levels of force to the lower limbs".

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place in this discipline. Alpine Snowboarding consists of a small portion of the general snowboard population, that has a well connected social community and its own specific board manufacturers, most situated in Europe. Alpine Snowboard equipment includes a ski-like hardshell boot and plate binding system with a true directional snowboard that is stiffer and narrower to manage linking turns with greater forces and speed. Shaped skis can thank these "freecarve" snowboards for the cutting-edge technology leading to their creation. A skilled alpine snowboarder can link numerous turns into a run placing their body very close to the ground each turn, similar to a motocross turn or waterski carve. Depending on factors including stiffness, turning radius and personality this can be done slowly or fast. Carvers make perfect half-circles out of each turn, changing edges when the snowboard is perpendicular to the fall line and starting every turn on the downhill edge. Carving on a snowboard is like riding a roller coaster, because the board will lock into a turn radius and provide what feels like multiple Gs of acceleration.

873:, either separate or built into gloves, is very strongly recommended. They are often compulsory in beginner's classes and their use reduces the likelihood of wrist injury by half. In addition it is important for snow boarders to learn how to fall without stopping the fall with their hand by trying to "push" the slope away, as landing a wrist which is bent at a 90-degree angle increase the chance of it breaking. Rather, landing with the arms stretched out (like a wing) and slapping the slope with the entire arm is an effective way to break a fall. This is the method used by practitioners of judo and other martial arts to break a fall when they are thrown against the floor by a training partner. 816:

very diverse international based crowd and fanbase of many millions, so much so that it is no longer possible to stereotype such a large community. Reasons for these dying stereotypes include how mainstream and popular the sport has become, with the shock factor of snowboarding's quick take off on the slopes wearing off. Skiers and snowboarders are becoming used to each other, showing more respect to each other on the mountain. "The typical stereotype of the sport is changing as the demographics change". While these two subcultures are now becoming accustomed to each other, there are still three resorts, in the United States, which do not allow snowboarding.

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other in several ways including how they spoke, acted, and their entire style of clothing. Snowboarders first embraced the punk and later the hip-hop look into their style. Words such as "dude", "gnarly", and "Shred the Gnar" are some examples of words used in the snowboarding culture. Snowboarding subculture became a crossover between the urban and suburban styles on snow, which made an easy transition from surfing and skateboarding culture over to snowboarding culture. In fact many skateboarders and surfers in the winter months snowboarded and were the early snowboarders.

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snowboarders would have to take a small skills assessment prior to being allowed to ride the chairlifts. It was thought that an unskilled snowboarder would wipe the snow off the mountain. In 1985, only seven percent of U.S. ski areas allowed snowboarding, with a similar proportion in Europe. As equipment and skills improved, gradually snowboarding became more accepted. In 1990, most major ski areas had separate slopes for snowboarders. Now, approximately 97% of all ski areas in North America and Europe allow snowboarding, and more than half have jumps, rails and half pipes.

730: 468:"Jibbing" is the term for technical riding on non-standard surfaces. The word "jib" is both a noun and a verb, depending on the usage of the word. As a noun: a jib includes metal rails, boxes, benches, concrete ledges, walls, vehicles, rocks and logs. As a verb: to jib is referring to the action of jumping, sliding, or riding on top of objects other than snow. It is directly influenced by grinding a skateboard. Jibbing is a freestyle snowboarding technique of riding. Typically jibbing occurs in a snowboard resort park but can also be done in urban environments. 472: 865:

than skiers. The injury rate for snowboarding is about four to six per thousand persons per day, which is around double the injury rate for alpine skiing. Injuries are more likely amongst beginners, especially those who do not take lessons with professional instructors. A quarter of all injuries occur to first-time riders and half of all injuries occur to those with less than a year of experience. Experienced riders are less likely to suffer injury, but the injuries that do occur tend to be more severe.

3926: 3698: 4306: 641: 894:" by medical staff. This injury results in persistent lateral pain in the affected ankle yet is difficult to spot in a plain X-ray image. It may be misdiagnosed as just a sprain, with possibly serious consequences as not treating the fracture can result in serious long-term damage to the ankle. The use of portable ultrasound for mountainside diagnostics has been reviewed and appears to be a plausible tool for diagnosing some of the common injuries associated with the sport. 652: 566: 5899: 5889: 536: 321:

the first competition for snowboarding and is the start of what became competitive snowboarding. Ken Kampenga, John Asmussen and Jim Trim placed first, second and third respectively in the Standard competition with best two combined times of 24.71, 25.02 and 25.41; and Jake Carpenter won prize money as the sole entrant in the "open" division with a time of 26.35. In 1980 the event moved to Pando Winter Sports Park near

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complex trick. Not all competitions call for a trick to win the gold; some intermittent competitions are based solely on height and distance of the launch of the snowboarder. Some competitions also require the rider to do a specific trick to win the major prize. One of the first snowboard competitions where Travis Rice attempted and landed a "double back flip backside 180" took place at the 2006 Red Bull Gap Session.

524: 309:. The "snowboards" were made of wooden planks that were flexible and had water ski foot traps. Very few people picked up snowboarding because the price of the board was considered too high at $ 38 and were not allowed on many ski hills, but eventually Burton would become the biggest snowboarding company in the business. Burton's early designs for boards with bindings became the dominant features in snowboarding. 502: 40: 204: 626:

usually comes from successfully executing the most difficult line in the terrain park while having a smooth flowing line of difficult, mistake-free tricks performed on the obstacles. However, overall impression and style can play a factor in winning a slopestyle contest and the rider who lands the hardest tricks will not always win over the rider who lands easier tricks on more difficult paths.

277:(a sport born in the 1950s when kids attached roller skate wheels to small boards that they steered by shifting their weight). In the 1960s, as an eighth grader in Haddonfield, New Jersey, Sims crafted a snowboard in his school shop class by gluing carpet to the top of a piece of wood and attaching aluminum sheeting to the bottom. He produced commercial snowboards in the mid-70s including the 224: 1200:

Snowboard magazine staff travel with professional riders throughout the winter season and cover travel, contests, lifestyle, rider and company profiles, and product reviews. Snowboard magazines have recently made a push to expand their brands to the online market, and there has also been a growth in online-only publications. Popular magazines include

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demographics, and experience. In conclusion of the study, the highest rate of injury was among young, inexperienced, female snowboarders. Injury rates in snowboarders have fluctuated over time but still remain higher than skiers. No evidence was found that those who spend more time in terrain parks are over represented in the injury population.

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Snowboard magazines are integral in promoting the sport, although less so with the advent of the internet age. Photo incentives are written into many professional riders' sponsorship contracts giving professionals not only a publicity but a financial incentive to have a photo published in a magazine.

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Snowboarding films have become a main part of progression in the sport. Each season, many films are released, usually in autumn. These are made by many snowboard-specific video production companies as well as manufacturing companies that use these films as a form of advertisement. Snowboarding videos

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Snowboarding boots should be well-fitted, with toes snug in the end of the boot when standing upright and slightly away from the end when in the snowboarding position. Padding or "armor" is recommended on other body parts such as hips, knees, spine, and shoulders. To further help avoid injury to body

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Two-thirds of injuries occur to the upper body and one-third to the lower body. This contrasts with alpine skiing, where two-thirds of injuries are to the lower body. The most common types of injuries are sprains, which account for around 40% of injuries. The most common point of injury is the wrists

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The United States of America Snowboarding and Freeski Association (USASA) features grassroots-level competitions designed to be a stepping stone for aspiring athletes looking to progress up the competition pipeline. The USASA consists of 36 regional series in which anyone can compete against athletes

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Big air competitions are contests where riders perform tricks after launching off a man-made jump built specifically for the event. Competitors perform tricks in the air, aiming to attain sizable height and distance, all while securing a clean landing. Many competitions also require the rider to do a

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Freestyle snowboarding is any riding that includes performing tricks. In freestyle, the rider utilizes natural and man-made features such as rails, jumps, boxes, and innumerable others to perform tricks. It is a popular all-inclusive concept that distinguishes the creative aspects of snowboarding, in

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Initially, ski areas adopted the sport at a much slower pace than the winter sports public. Indeed, for many years, there was animosity between skiers and snowboarders, which led to an ongoing skier vs snowboarder feud. Early snowboards were banned from the slopes by park officials. For several years

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professional athletes under pressure by sponsors and the media to perform increasingly spectacular feats. Although there are significant references to various brands in the film, Walker is "adamant" that the snowboarding industry did not sponsor the film in any way and in fact has been unsupportive,

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The early stereotypes of snowboarding included "lazy", "grungy", "punk", "stoners", "troublemakers", and numerous others, many of which are associated with skateboarding and surfing as well. However, these stereotypes may be considered out of style. Snowboarding has become a sport that encompasses a

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In snowboard racing, riders must complete a downhill course constructed of a series of turning color indicators (gates) placed in the snow at prescribed distances apart. A gate consists of a tall pole and a short pole, connected by a triangular panel. The racer must pass around the short side of the

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Snowboard cross, also known as "boardercross", "boarder X", or "snowboard X", and commonly abbreviated as "SBX", or just "BX", is a snowboarding discipline consisting of several (typically 4 to 6) riders racing head-to-head down a course with jumps, berms and other obstacles constructed out of snow.

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Sometimes called freecarving or hardbooting (due to the equipment used), this discipline usually takes place on hard packed snow or groomed runs (although it can be practiced in any and all conditions) and focuses on carving linked turns, much like surfing or longboarding. Little or no jumping takes

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Since snowboarding's inception as an established winter sport, it has developed various styles, each with its own specialized equipment and technique. The most common styles today are: freeride, freestyle, and freecarve/race. These styles are used for both recreational and professional snowboarding.

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Avalanches are a clear danger when on snowy mountain slopes. It is best to learn the different kinds of avalanches, how to prevent causing one and how to react when one is going to happen. Also when going out onto the snow, all who practice an activity with increased chances of injury should have a

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Four to eight percent of snowboarding injuries take place while the person is waiting in ski-lift lines or entering and exiting ski lifts. Snowboarders push themselves forward with a free foot while in the ski-lift line, leaving the other foot (usually that of the lead leg) locked on the board at a

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The risk of head injury is two to six times greater for snowboarders than for skiers and injuries follow the pattern of being rarer, but more severe, with experienced riders. Head injuries can occur both because of a collision and when failing to carry out a heel-side turn. The latter can result in

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In a study conducted to examine the types of snowboarding injuries and changes in injury patterns over time, data was collected on injured snowboarders and skiers in a base-lodge clinic of a ski resort in Vermont over 18 seasons (1988–2006) and included extensive information about injury patterns,

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Freeriding is a style without a set of governing rules or set course, typically on natural, un-groomed terrain. The basic allows for various snowboarding styles in a fluid motion and spontaneity through naturally rugged terrain. It can be like freestyle with the exception that no man-made features

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came from Vermont to compete with a snowboard of his own design. There were protests about Jake entering with a non-snurfer board. Paul Graves, and others, advocated that Jake be allowed to race. A "modified" "Open" division was created and won by Jake as the sole entrant. That race was considered

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The average snowboarder is a male in their early twenties, and there are three times as many men as there are women in the sport. Snowboarders have a 2.4 times greater risk of fractures than skiers, particularly in the upper extremities. Conversely, snowboarders have a lower risk of knee injuries

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Competitors perform tricks while descending a course, moving around, over, across, up, or down terrain features. The course is full of obstacles including boxes, rails, jumps, jibs, or anything else the board or rider can slide across. Slopestyle is a judged event and winning a slopestyle contest

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Unlike ski bindings, snowboard bindings are not designed to release automatically in a fall. The mechanical support provided by the feet being locked to the board has the effect of reducing the likelihood of knee injury – 15% of snowboard injuries are to the knee, compared with 45% of all skiing

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The snowboarding way of life came about as a natural response to the culture from which it emerged. Early on, there was a rebellion against skiing culture and the view that snowboarders were inferior. Skiers did not easily accept this new culture on their slopes. The two cultures contrasted each

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have a bail or step-in design and are sometimes placed on suspension plates to provide a layer of isolation between an alpine snowboarder and the board, to decrease the level of vibrations felt by the rider, creating a better overall experience when carving, and to give extra weight to the board

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Common injuries in snowboarding differ between professional and recreational groups. The most common type of injury for snowboarders is injury to the upper body. In recreational snowboarding, wrist injuries are more likely to occur. Among professional snowboarders, injuries to the lower half,

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in a multitude of classes. For snowboarding, USASA contests regional events in six primary disciplines (Slalom, Giant Slalom, Slopestyle, Halfpipe, Boardercross, and Rail Jam), where competitors earn points towards a national ranking and qualify to compete at the USASA National Championships.

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In the early 1980s, Aleksey Ostatnigrosh and Alexei Melnikov, two Snurfers from the Soviet Union, patented design changes to the Snurfer to allow jumping by attaching a bungee cord, a single footed binding to the Snurfer tail, and a two-foot binding design for improved control.

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the rider landing on his or her back and slamming the back of his or her head onto the ground, resulting in an occipital head injury. For this reason, helmets are widely recommended. Protective eyewear is also recommended as eye injury can be caused by impact and

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The half-pipe is a semi-circular ditch dug into the mountain or purpose-built ramp made up of snow, with walls between 8 and 23 feet (7.0 m). Competitors perform tricks while going from one side to the other and while in the air above the sides of the pipe.

269:, who both contributed significant innovations and started influential companies. In February 1968, Poppen organized the first snurfing competition at a Michigan ski resort that attracted enthusiasts from all over the country. One of those early pioneers was 400:(ISF) was founded to provide universal contest regulations. In addition, the United States of America Snowboard Association (USASA) provides instructing guidelines and runs snowboard competitions in the U.S. today, high-profile snowboarding events like the 208: 352:) came up with new designs for boards and mechanisms that slowly developed into the snowboards and other related equipment. From these developments, modern snowboarding equipment usually consists of a snowboard with specialized bindings and boots. 434:

In 2004, snowboarding had 6.6 million active participants. An industry spokesman said that "twelve year-olds are out-riding adults." The same article said that most snowboarders are 18–24 years old and that women constitute 25% of participants.

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Off-Axis rotations combine flips and rotations; the naming convention is to first describe the horizontal rotation, followed by the number of off-axis rotations, terminated by the degree of total rotation (i.e. Backside Triple-Cork 1440).

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Part of the snowboarding approach is to ensure maximum fun, friendship and event quality. Reflecting this perspective of snowboarding, there are "Anti Contests" which are an important part of its identity including The Holy Oly Revival at

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signature skateboard deck attached to the top. Others experimented with board-on-snow configurations at this time, including Welsh skateboard enthusiasts Jon Roberts and Pete Matthews developed their own snowboards to use at their local

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provide interactive entertainment on and off season. Most games for this genre have been made for consoles, such as the Xbox and PlayStation. A plethora of online casual snowboarding games also exist along with games for mobile phone.

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Snowboard cross began in the 1980s, earning its place as an official Winter Olympic event in the 2006 Turin games. Unlike other snowboard racing disciplines such as parallel giant slalom, competitors race on a single course together.

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parts, especially knees, it is recommended to use the right technique. To acquire the right technique, one should be taught by a qualified instructor. Also, when snowboarding alone, precaution should be taken to avoid

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can be a result of exposure to strong ultra-violet light in snow-covered areas. The wearing of ultra-violet-absorbing goggles is recommended even on hazy or cloudy days as ultra-violet light can penetrate clouds.

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in Colorado. Tom Sims along with an assortment of other snowboarders of the time were present. One entrant showed up on a homemade snowboard with a formica bottom that turned out to not slide so well on the snow.

1634: 301:, a Vermont native who had enjoyed snurfing since the age of 14, impressed the crowd at a Michigan snurfing competition with bindings he had designed to secure his feet to the board. That same year, he founded 925:

waxes emit toxic fumes when overheated. Waxing is best performed in a ventilated area with care being taken to use the wax at the correct temperature – the wax should be melted but not smoking or smoldering.

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gate, passing the long side of the gate doesn't count. There are 3 main formats used in snowboard racing including single person, parallel courses or multiple people on the course at the same time (SBX).

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A flat rotation in which the front of the person's body is the first to intersect with the direction of travel; after 90 degrees of rotation, the person's front will be facing the direction of travel.

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A flat rotation in which the back of the person's body is the first to intersect with the direction of travel; after 90 degrees of rotation, the person's back will be facing the direction of travel.

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There were 8.2 million snowboarders in the US and Canada for the 2009–2010 season. There was a 10% increase over the previous season, accounting for more than 30% of all snow sports participants.

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injuries. Such injuries are typically to the knee ligaments, bone fractures are rare. Fractures to the lower leg are also rare but 20% of injuries are to the foot and ankle. Fractures of the

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being the first developed in 1995. They allow snowboarders to turn the locked foot straight into the direction of the tip of the snowboard without removing the boot from the boot binding.

250:, invented a toy for his daughters by fastening two skis together and attaching a rope to one end so he would have some control as they stood on the board and glided downhill. Dubbed the " 206: 2927:

Wijdicks, Coen A; Rosenbach, Brandon S; Flanagan, Troy R; Bower, Gillian E; Newman, Kelly E; Clanton, Thomas O; Engebretsen, Lars; LaPrade, Robert F; Hackett, Tom R (January 2014).

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announced that adaptive snowboarding (dubbed "para-snowboarding") would debut as a men's and women's medal event in the 2014 Paralympic Winter Games taking place in Sochi, Russia.

2073: 857:-fastened strap, which can be seen in loose state on the left and tightened on the right glove. This stabilizes the wrist and thus avoids its damage when falling onto the hands. 3626: 2735: 2868:

Bigdon, Sebastian Frederick; Gewiess, Jan; Hoppe, Sven; Exadaktylos, Aristomenis K.; Benneker, Lorin M.; Fairhurst, Paul Gilbert; Albers, Christoph E. (July 19, 2019).

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are made from a hard plastic shell, making it flex differently from a regular snowboard boot and is designed differently to ski boots although they look similar.

2376: 2281: 791:'s Superpark event was created in 1996. Over 150 of the World's top pros are invited to advance freestyle snowboarding on the most progressive terrain parks. 2152: 577:

Alpine snowboarding shares more visual similarities with skiing equipment than it does with snowboarding equipment. Compared to freestyle snowboarding gear:

2716: 2012: 2672: 2335: 1151:. Snowboarding films are also used as documentation of snowboarding and showcasing of current trends and styles of the sport. In addition, the 2011 movie 2538: 2042: 1540: 254:" (combining snow and surfer) by his wife Nancy, the toy proved so popular among his daughters' friends that Poppen licensed the idea to a manufacturer, 1423: 828:

are the last skiing only resorts in North America and have become a focal point over time for the remaining animosity between snowboarding and skiing.

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As snowboarding became more popular in the 1970s and 1980s, pioneers such as Dimitrije Milovich (founder of Winterstick out of Salt Lake City, Utah),

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Kim, Suezie; Endres, N. K.; Johnson, R. J. (April 1, 2012). "Snowboarding Injuries Trends Over Time and Comparisons With Alpine Skiing Injuries".

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The way in which a snowboarder normally rides most on their snowboard as determined by the placement of their feet and direction of travel.

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usually contain video footage of professional riders sponsored by companies. An example of commercial use of snowboarding films would be

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Snowboarding contests are held throughout the world and range from grassroots competitions to professional events contested worldwide.

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Davidson TM, Laliotis AT (1996) Snowboarding injuries, a four-year study with comparison with alpine ski injuries. West J Med; p.231

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are rare in other sports but account for 2% of snowboard injuries – a lateral process talus fracture is sometimes called "

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9–27 degree angle, placing a large torque force on this leg and predisposing the person to knee injury if a fall occurs.

772: 386:, founder of Sims Snowboards, organized the event with the help of Mike Chantry, a snowboard instructor at Soda Springs. 17: 1926: 1900: 3299: 1386: 442: 397: 258:, that sold about a million snurfers over the next decade. And, in 1966 alone, over half a million snurfers were sold. 1974: 1565: 3246: 3218: 3116: 3084: 2368: 1596: 1186:

and subsequent recovery as a backdrop, the film examines the physical dangers inherent to pro snowboarders and other

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The first competitions to offer prize money were the National Snurfing Championship, held at Muskegon State Park in

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is a recreational and competitive activity that involves descending a snow-covered surface while standing on a

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was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Woman's Snowboarding at the 1998 Olympics, while Canadian

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Video of a snowboarder practicing carving on a hard slope, equipped with a boardercross board and hard boots.

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showcased snowboarders such as Travis Rice attempting to attain greater feats in the sport of snowboarding.

5286: 4554: 4467: 3776: 1827: 1566:"Muskegon Area Sports Hall of Fame – History of the Snurfer, Snurfing and the sport of Snowboarding – 1968" 1160:

However, sometimes the snowboarding industry is not supportive of all snowboarding-themed films. In 2013,

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Kim, Suezie; Endres, Nathan K.; Johnson, Robert J.; Ettlinger, Carl F.; Shealy, Jasper E. (April 2012).

393:, Austria, further cementing snowboarding's recognition as an official international competitive sport. 5943: 5798: 5411: 4056: 2608: 1656: 1257: 1175: 3392: 1446: 5953: 5588: 5525: 5080: 5047: 4380: 4332: 3754: 1844: 1534:"American English | A Website for Teachers and Learners of English As a Foreign Language Abroad" 1352: 1260:(born 1965 or 1966), American former snowboarding coach; suspended for 10 years for sexual misconduct 485: 416: 845: 5578: 5019: 4375: 3915: 3759: 796: 494: 4547: 4528: 3895: 3321:

Nowak, M. R.; Kirkpatrick, A. W.; Bouffard, J. A.; Amponsah, D.; Dulchavsky, S. A. (March 2009).

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Kim, Suezie; Endres, Nathan K; Johnson, Robert; Ettlinger, Carl; Shealy, Jasper (April 2012).

3187: 5923: 5902: 5858: 4696: 3973: 3900: 3823: 3701: 3565: 3500: 2428: 333: 317: 298: 266: 255: 3444: 2986: 602: 408:, US Open, Olympic Games and other events are broadcast worldwide. Many alpine resorts have 5948: 5853: 5826: 5352: 5037: 4863: 4731: 4441: 4401: 4124: 3849: 2767: 1281: 1208: 786: 780: 776: 349: 306: 180: 172: 141: 4352: 2560: 2450: 8: 5644: 5573: 4964: 4891: 4791: 4786: 4754: 4275: 4210: 4200: 4109: 3656: 2372: 762: 2638: 5720: 5492: 5447: 5357: 5095: 4858: 4290: 4076: 4066: 3803: 3547: 3347: 3322: 3291: 3165: 3045: 2964: 2904: 2869: 2850: 2803: 1515: 1214: 1104:

A rotation in which the person's head leads through the air in the direction of travel.

364: 313: 247: 54: 4908: 5256: 4853: 4601: 4365: 4314: 4280: 4205: 4086: 4051: 3819: 3539: 3352: 3283: 3264:"Snowboarding injuries: trends over time and comparisons with alpine skiing injuries" 3242: 3214: 3157: 3149: 3145: 3112: 3080: 3037: 3029: 3025: 2956: 2948: 2909: 2891: 2842: 2795: 2787: 2768:"Snowboarding Injuries: Trends Over Time and Comparisons With Alpine Skiing Injuries" 2216: 2189: 2102: 1519: 1507: 1153: 1148: 644: 345: 302: 2854: 582: 5613: 5535: 5507: 5331: 5144: 5128: 5118: 5085: 4896: 4769: 4616: 4498: 4360: 4285: 4192: 4167: 4154: 4091: 4061: 4024: 4019: 3978: 3890: 3781: 3722: 3551: 3531: 3342: 3334: 3295: 3275: 3169: 3141: 3049: 3021: 3009: 2968: 2940: 2899: 2881: 2834: 2807: 2779: 2688: 1497: 1489: 1096:

A rotation in which the snowboard leads through the air in the direction of travel.

702: 471: 371:. The race, organized by Graves, was won by Burton's first team rider Doug Bouton. 110: 918:, a particularly dangerous area of loose snow that may form at the base of trees. 5938: 5892: 5649: 5608: 5497: 5310: 5174: 5159: 5014: 4981: 4841: 4472: 4406: 4270: 4182: 3882: 3842: 3786: 2944: 2754: 2720: 2676: 2658: 2265: 2183: 2096: 1982: 1831: 1812: 1776: 1746: 1493: 766: 687: 607: 424: 341: 86: 861:

Like some other winter sports, snowboarding comes with a certain level of risk.

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Gloves with an integrated plastic element, seen left partially pulled out, as a

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basic First Aid knowledge and know how to deal with injuries that may occur.

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The stance of a snowboarder that normally rides with their right foot first.

355:

In April 1981, the "King of the Mountain" Snowboard competition was held at

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The stance of a snowboarder that normally rides with their left foot first.

922: 903: 640: 409: 243: 234: 228: 5210: 3161: 3041: 2823:"Snowboarding injuries: Comparison of injuries in snowboarders and skiers" 2399:"Para-Snowboard Included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games | IPC" 1851:. Grand Rapids, Michigan. January 15, 2008. pp. B1–B2. Archived from 651: 419:

in Nagano, Japan, Snowboarding became an official Olympic event. France's

5865: 5685: 5629: 5336: 5298: 5189: 4971: 4959: 4923: 4918: 4764: 4749: 4739: 4678: 4656: 4596: 4446: 4265: 4255: 4247: 4114: 4101: 4014: 3791: 3744: 2747: 1604: 1332: 1287: 1171: 1140: 1132: 983:

The portion of the board that attaches the riders' feet to the snowboard.

870: 850: 821: 742: 594: 565: 528: 420: 368: 286: 2513:"The Carver's Almanac – Hard booting and carving on an alpine snowboard" 1502: 1478:"Women's snowboarding – some experiences and perceptions of competition" 1061:

A forwards summersault (i.e. face first) over the toe edge of the board.

427:

was the first ever to win an Olympic gold medal for Men's Snowboarding.

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Bladin, C.; McCrory, P. (1995). "Snowboarding Injuries – An Overview".

2838: 1824: 1805: 1275: 1220: 887: 620: 356: 3623:"And Now A Word NOT From Our Sponsors | Doc Soup | POV Blog" 2651: 2066:"Snowboarding History: Technology boosts snowboarding growth in 1980s" 2035:"Snowboard Boots – Snowboarding Equipment – Mechanics of Snowboarding" 2005:"Snowboard Bindings – Snowboard Equipment – Mechanics of Snowboarding" 853:. The element is pressed tightly to the wrist with a wide, all-around 5833: 5821: 5766: 5761: 5727: 5710: 5634: 5598: 5550: 5367: 5113: 4814: 4701: 4651: 4513: 4503: 4370: 4327: 4081: 3717: 3378:

Callé SC, Evans JT. (1995) Snowboarding trauma. J Pediatr Surg; p.791

2822: 1866: 1627:"Tom Sims: Snowboarding pioneer and world champion who became a Bond" 1293: 1269: 1136: 915: 672: 551:

is a discipline within the sport of snowboarding. It is practiced on

140:

that is almost always attached to a rider's feet. It features in the

137: 78: 2874:

Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine

2236: 5808: 5778: 5732: 5705: 5690: 5472: 5199: 5105: 4806: 4721: 4711: 4508: 4482: 3947: 3910: 3712: 3595: 2451:"Alpine Snowboarding – Using a rigid setup for carving and control" 1716: 1686: 1322: 656: 588: 383: 375: 337: 270: 262: 160: 5843: 5838: 5737: 5700: 5583: 5520: 5406: 4949: 4796: 4661: 4029: 3873: 3729: 635: 523: 463: 251: 164: 3620: 3320: 2512: 1131:, a film by snowboarding legend and filmmaker Dave Seoane about 501: 390: 5241: 5149: 4133: 3957: 3865: 3766: 3660: 3651: 737:

Some of the larger snowboarding contests include: the European

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In 1982, the first USA National Snowboard race was held near

325:, because of a lack of snow that year at the original venue. 188: 171:. It became popular around the world and was introduced as a 2604: 5123: 3739: 454:

While each style is unique, there is overlap between them.

336:(founder of Burton Snowboards from Londonderry, Vermont), 5715: 4997: 3834: 3261: 2765: 1179: 991:

The edge of the snowboard that the riders' heels rest on.

968:

The opposite stance of what a snowboarder normally rides.

569:

Freestyle snowboarder films for movie on handrail in Utah

223: 1053:

A backwards summersault over the heel edge of the board.

2427:. Snowboarding.about.com. April 9, 2012. Archived from 3467:"Ski Safety – First Aid for Snowboarding & Skiing" 2730: 2728: 1825:"National Snurfing Championship – 1979, Muskegon, MI." 1806:"National Snurfing Championship – 1978, Muskegon, MI." 238:

Freeride snowboarding, in areas off of the main trails

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Kenetics, Human; Schrag, Myles (December 14, 2018).

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boards are narrower, longer, and stiffer to improve

2725: 2209:Winand, Mathieu; Anagnostopoulos, Christos (2019). 2098:

Off the Chain: An Insider's History of Snowboarding

3008:Bladin, Christopher; McCrory, Paul (May 1, 1995). 2821:Takakuwa, Tetsuya; Endo, Shigeatsu (May 1, 1996). 2145: 1290:(born 1986), American snowboarder and skateboarder 921:Some care is also required when waxing a board as 2929:"Injuries in elite and recreational snowboarders" 2870:"Spinal injury in alpine winter sports: a review" 242:The first snowboards were developed in 1965 when 5915: 4569: 2333: 3695: 2748:BYU NewsNet – Snowboarder stereotype squelched 2181: 515:contrast to a style like alpine snowboarding. 5226: 4555: 3850: 3681: 3493:"Best Way to Choose Right Snowboard Bindings" 3131: 3007: 2237:"Olympic Snowboarding – Winter Olympic Sport" 1313:American Association of Snowboard Instructors 1191:despite the film's mainstream media success. 2820: 2473: 2157:A Complete History of the Snowboard Halfpipe 1657:"SNURFER- 1ST & 2ED GENERATION SNURFERS" 1166:, a feature-length documentary by filmmaker 1077:A cartwheel over the tail edge of the board. 1069:A cartwheel over the nose edge of the board. 773:Snowboarding has been a Winter Olympic sport 5240: 3441:"Snowboarding Safety – Avalanche Awareness" 902:are designed to minimize the torque force, 531:, the typical style in alpine snowboarding. 527:An Alpine snowboarder executes a heel-side 5233: 5219: 4562: 4548: 3857: 3843: 3688: 3674: 3232: 3230: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3096: 2425:"Jib – Snowboard – Definitions – Glossary" 2366: 2094: 1967: 1476:Sisjord, Mari Kristin (December 1, 2013). 1375: 647:at the downtown Québec big air competition 5262:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms 3469:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 3443:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 3346: 3314: 3186:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 3184:"Snowboarding Injuries – Wrist Fractures" 2985:. Abc-of-snowboarding.com. Archived from 2903: 2885: 2327: 2278:"Skiers vs Snow boarders: The Dying Feud" 1501: 1318:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms 1120:Skiing and snowboarding on film and video 840: 389:In 1985, the first World Cup was held in 44:A snowboarder making a turn in fresh snow 5807: 2215:. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 172. 1687:"Dry Slope Skiing – What It Means to Us" 1414:"Is Snowboarding Melting in Popularity?" 1411: 844: 728: 650: 639: 601: 564: 534: 522: 500: 470: 233: 222: 202: 5929:Sports originating in the United States 3268:The American Journal of Sports Medicine 3236: 3227: 3208: 3106: 3093: 3074: 2772:The American Journal of Sports Medicine 2611:from the original on September 16, 2016 2369:"snowboard participation increases 10%" 2336:"Burton Snowboards Is King of the Hill" 2302: 1475: 972: 297:Also during this same period, in 1977, 14: 5916: 3602:from the original on November 13, 2013 3576:from the original on December 15, 2023 2983:"Snowboarding Safety & Guidelines" 2348:from the original on November 22, 2020 2334:Marquardt, Katy (September 29, 2008). 2247:from the original on February 13, 2021 2076:from the original on February 28, 2021 2045:from the original on February 23, 2020 2015:from the original on February 23, 2020 1955:from the original on November 22, 2020 1787:from the original on November 23, 2020 1717:"Snowboarding History – RideDaily.com" 1697:from the original on November 24, 2020 1637:from the original on September 3, 2020 1426:from the original on February 24, 2015 1015:The edge that the riders' toes rest on 733:2016 Winter X Games in Aspen, Colorado 518: 374:In 1983, the first World Championship 285:) a molded polyethylene bottom with a 5214: 4543: 3838: 3669: 3395:from the original on December 2, 2020 3237:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3209:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3107:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3075:Roberts, William O. (February 2004). 3056:from the original on February 1, 2024 2567:from the original on October 22, 2016 2461:from the original on October 22, 2016 2405:from the original on December 4, 2020 2212:Research Handbook on Sport Governance 2063: 1877:from the original on October 28, 2013 1859: 1757:from the original on January 28, 2021 1727:from the original on November 6, 2020 1444: 1081: 1032: 558:. It has been an Olympic event since 261:Modern snowboarding was pioneered by 3598:. The Crash Reel. January 19, 2012. 3302:from the original on October 4, 2022 3241:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 557. 3213:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 556. 3111:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 555. 3079:. McGraw-Hill Medical. p. 550. 2695:from the original on August 28, 2009 2527: 2493:from the original on October 9, 2022 1546:from the original on October 9, 2022 1457:from the original on October 4, 2022 1284:(born 2001), New Zealand snowboarder 1024: 3524:American Journal of Sports Medicine 2861: 2541:from the original on March 12, 2017 2284:from the original on April 14, 2009 2280:. Snowsphere.com. October 1, 2007. 2115: 2101:. Greystone Books Ltd. p. 19. 1594: 1412:Sheridan, Tom (February 22, 2015). 1302:(born 1994), Australian snowboarder 1007:The trailing edge of the snowboard. 696: 27:Snow sport involving a single board 24: 3629:from the original on June 30, 2017 3499:. October 27, 2015. Archived from 3239:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 3211:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 3109:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 3077:Bull's Handbook of Sports Injuries 2933:British Journal of Sports Medicine 2814: 2759: 2064:Moran, Lauren (January 27, 2012). 1929:from the original on June 20, 2018 1903:from the original on June 20, 2018 1834:Muskegon Area Sports Hall of Fame. 1815:Muskegon Area Sports Hall of Fame. 1667:from the original on July 20, 2023 1393:from the original on June 12, 2018 1387:International Paralympic Committee 1363:from the original on April 2, 2020 999:The forward edge of the snowboard. 900:Snowboard binding rotating devices 831: 681: 443:International Paralympic Committee 398:International Snowboard Federation 151:Snowboarding was developed in the 25: 5965: 3645: 3417:. Patft.uspto.gov. Archived from 2379:from the original on July 2, 2011 2315:from the original on July 3, 2020 1353:"Snowboard equipment and history" 1278:(born 1994), Canadian snowboarder 1272:(born 2000), American snowboarder 1266:(born 1998), Japanese snowboarder 1254:(born 1975), American snowboarder 1248:(born 1989), American snowboarder 1239: 954: 722:FIS Snowboard World Championships 5898: 5897: 5888: 5887: 4304: 3924: 3696: 3621:POV | American Documentary Inc. 3146:10.2165/00007256-199519050-00005 3134:Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 3026:10.2165/00007256-199519050-00005 2691:. Yobeat.com. February 5, 2009. 2481:"How to Buy an Alpine Snowboard" 2401:. Paralympic.org. May 28, 2012. 1296:(born 2004), Chinese snowboarder 962: 38: 3614: 3588: 3558: 3515: 3485: 3459: 3433: 3407: 3381: 3372: 3363: 3255: 3202: 3176: 3125: 3068: 3001: 2975: 2920: 2741: 2707: 2681: 2663: 2645: 2623: 2597: 2579: 2553: 2505: 2443: 2417: 2391: 2360: 2296: 2270: 2259: 2241:International Olympic Committee 2229: 2202: 2188:. Human Kinetics. p. 255. 2175: 2088: 2057: 2027: 1997: 1941: 1915: 1889: 1837: 1818: 1799: 1769: 1739: 1709: 1679: 1649: 1445:Pedoe, Neil (October 4, 2016). 1357:International Olympic Committee 1182:. Using Pearce's career-ending 946: 711: 2827:Journal of Orthopaedic Science 1619: 1588: 1558: 1526: 1469: 1438: 1405: 1345: 1227: 933: 13: 1: 2127:the beginning of Snowboarding 1338: 1055: 806: 745:, Burton Global Open Series, 614: 479: 348:) and Mike Olson (founder of 4571:Extreme and adventure sports 3566:"Snowboarding 101: Glossary" 3415:"United States Patent: 1995" 2945:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093019 2367:Mike Lewis (June 29, 2011). 2341:U.S. News & World Report 2305:"CFNC.org – Cluster Article" 1494:10.1080/02614367.2012.685334 1194: 1047: 1019: 1001: 993: 985: 666: 509: 344:), David Kemper (founder of 227:Snowboarder riding off of a 7: 4402:Radio-controlled car racing 1661:michigansnowboardmuseum.com 1306: 1009: 10: 5970: 4057:Mountain bike orienteering 3864: 3327:Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2719:February 26, 2009, at the 2587:"Making it Big in Big Air" 1135:, that includes cameos by 1117: 1071: 1063: 977: 938: 715: 700: 685: 670: 633: 629: 618: 483: 461: 457: 198: 5883: 5746: 5678: 5622: 5564: 5506: 5465: 5425: 5389: 5380: 5345: 5319: 5279: 5270: 5252: 5137: 5104: 5068: 5048:Aggressive inline skating 5030: 4990: 4932: 4879: 4805: 4730: 4687: 4577: 4524: 4491: 4455: 4424: 4389: 4381:Offshore powerboat racing 4351: 4333:Motorcycle chariot racing 4313: 4302: 4246: 4237: 4219: 4191: 4153: 4100: 4042: 4002: 3966: 3933: 3922: 3881: 3872: 3812: 3708: 3339:10.1007/s12178-008-9040-5 3140:(5). Sports-Med: 358–64. 2887:10.1186/s13049-019-0645-z 2670:Snowboarder-community.com 2153:"Transworld Snowboarding" 2095:Rebagliati, Ross (2009). 1830:February 5, 2021, at the 1777:"History of Snowboarding" 1597:"SIMS Snowboards History" 486:Freeriding (winter sport) 448: 417:1998 Winter Olympic Games 283:Lonnie Toft flying banana 109: 97: 92: 74: 66: 61: 49: 37: 4376:Inshore powerboat racing 3536:10.1177/0363546511433279 3280:10.1177/0363546511433279 2784:10.1177/0363546511433279 2734:Chaisson, Bill (2019). " 2039:www.mechanicsofsport.com 2009:www.mechanicsofsport.com 1811:August 18, 2018, at the 1233:Snowboarding video games 1113: 1108: 1098: 1042: 797:The Summit at Snoqualmie 495:Backcountry snowboarding 378:competition was held at 4529:List of forms of racing 3896:Middle-distance running 3010:"Snowboarding Injuries" 2675:April 30, 2010, at the 1949:"Монолыжа — SU 1584971" 1923:"Монолыжа — SU 1584972" 1897:"Монолыжа — SU 1391670" 1539:. Exchanges.state.gov. 1447:"IS SNOWBOARDING DEAD?" 1246:Callan Chythlook-Sifsof 1203:Transworld Snowboarding 1090: 751:FIS World Championships 718:FIS Snowboard World Cup 475:Freeriding snowboarding 146:Winter Paralympic Games 4371:Jet sprint boat racing 3389:"Quick Stance Website" 2714:Summitatsnoqualmie.com 2657:June 23, 2011, at the 2605:"Big air competitions" 1633:. September 22, 2012. 1419:Orange County Register 1184:traumatic brain injury 858: 841:Safety and precautions 734: 659: 648: 611: 570: 545: 532: 506: 505:Freestyle snowboarding 476: 323:Grand Rapids, Michigan 239: 231: 220: 5934:Winter Olympic sports 5903:Category:Snowboarding 4924:Parachuting/Skydiving 3974:Cross country running 3901:Long-distance running 3824:Summer Olympic sports 3702:Winter Olympic sports 2561:"Alpine Snowboarding" 2535:"Alpine snowboarding" 2185:The Sports Rules Book 1383:"About IPC Snowboard" 1139:and was sponsored by 848: 732: 654: 643: 605: 568: 543: 526: 504: 474: 334:Jake Burton Carpenter 318:Jake Burton Carpenter 299:Jake Burton Carpenter 267:Jake Burton Carpenter 256:Brunswick Corporation 237: 226: 214: 5623:Technique / learning 5353:Cross-country skiing 5287:Cross-country skiing 5038:Freestyle scootering 4864:Traditional climbing 4468:Cross-country skiing 4442:Slalom skateboarding 4125:Mountain bike racing 2641:on October 31, 2010. 2431:on November 27, 2016 2243:. December 3, 2020. 1855:on October 18, 2000. 1845:"Grand Rapids Press" 1282:Zoi Sadowski-Synnott 1209:Snowboarder Magazine 973:Parts of a snowboard 788:Snowboarder Magazine 781:2018 Winter Olympics 777:1998 Winter Olympics 307:Londonderry, Vermont 183:and featured in the 173:Winter Olympic Sport 142:Winter Olympic Games 124:Officially added in 5390:Olympic disciplines 4965:Powered paragliding 4792:Whitewater kayaking 4787:Whitewater canoeing 4276:Pickup truck racing 4211:Paralympic swimming 4201:Open water swimming 4110:Road bicycle racing 3503:on October 26, 2017 3447:on January 16, 2013 3391:. Quickstance.com. 2689:"The Anti Contests" 2515:. Alpinecarving.com 2455:Snowboard-Coach.com 2373:Transworld Business 2163:on January 10, 2008 2123:"Snowboard History" 2070:www.summitdaily.com 1985:on January 23, 2013 1979:SnowBoard Education 1595:Chamber, Creation. 892:snowboarder's ankle 763:Freeride World Tour 655:Snowboarder in the 549:Alpine snowboarding 519:Alpine snowboarding 441:On 2 May 2012, the 281:(also known as the 34: 18:Alpine snowboarding 5721:List of ski brands 5493:Ski mountaineering 5448:Para-alpine skiing 5358:Backcountry skiing 5096:Ski mountaineering 4859:Free solo climbing 4797:Whitewater rafting 4492:Multi-sport racing 4291:Touring car racing 4077:Canoe orienteering 4072:Radio orienteering 4067:Trail orienteering 3804:Ski mountaineering 3657:Snowboarding links 3421:on January 2, 2020 2839:10.1007/BF02349815 2753:2008-07-05 at the 2652:Snowboardermag.com 2593:on March 11, 2016. 2303:Corporation, Xap. 1849:Grand Rapids Press 1747:"Men's Snowboards" 1607:on January 1, 2020 1576:on August 18, 2018 1422:. p. News 3. 1215:Snowboard Magazine 1082:Off-axis rotations 1034:Frontside Rotation 859: 735: 660: 649: 612: 571: 546: 533: 507: 477: 365:Woodstock, Vermont 314:Muskegon, Michigan 248:Muskegon, Michigan 240: 232: 221: 185:Winter Paralympics 55:Muskegon, Michigan 32: 5944:Individual sports 5911: 5910: 5879: 5878: 5461: 5460: 5426:Other disciplines 5376: 5375: 5257:History of skiing 5208: 5207: 4854:Big wall climbing 4602:Kite landboarding 4537: 4536: 4420: 4419: 4366:Hydroplane racing 4315:Motorcycle racing 4281:Sports car racing 4206:Marathon swimming 4087:Mountain marathon 4052:Foot orienteering 4038: 4037: 3832: 3831: 3820:Paralympic sports 3652:PSIA-AASI Website 2222:978-1-78643-482-1 2195:978-1-4925-6759-2 2108:978-1-55365-487-2 1751:Burton Snowboards 1693:. June 28, 2015. 1154:The Art of Flight 1149:Burton Snowboards 1026:Backside Rotation 645:Sebastien Toutant 598:among other uses. 541: 346:Kemper Snowboards 303:Burton Snowboards 246:, an engineer in 212: 131: 130: 16:(Redirected from 5961: 5954:Acrobatic sports 5901: 5900: 5891: 5890: 5805: 5804: 5614:Snowboard racing 5536:Half-pipe skiing 5508:Freestyle skiing 5387: 5386: 5332:Ski orienteering 5277: 5276: 5235: 5228: 5221: 5212: 5211: 5145:Adventure racing 5119:Extreme sledding 5086:Freestyle skiing 4897:Ski-BASE jumping 4770:Technical diving 4617:Mountainboarding 4564: 4557: 4550: 4541: 4540: 4499:Adventure racing 4361:Drag boat racing 4353:Motorboat racing 4308: 4286:Stock car racing 4244: 4243: 4168:Greyhound racing 4092:Car orienteering 4062:Ski orienteering 4025:Snowshoe running 4020:Backward running 3979:Mountain running 3967:Off-road running 3928: 3879: 3878: 3859: 3852: 3845: 3836: 3835: 3700: 3690: 3683: 3676: 3667: 3666: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3618: 3612: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3592: 3586: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3508: 3489: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3473:on July 16, 2012 3463: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3452: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3428: 3426: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3385: 3379: 3376: 3370: 3367: 3361: 3360: 3350: 3318: 3312: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3259: 3253: 3252: 3234: 3225: 3224: 3206: 3200: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3190:on July 17, 2012 3180: 3174: 3173: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3104: 3091: 3090: 3072: 3066: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3005: 2999: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2989:on July 21, 2012 2979: 2973: 2972: 2924: 2918: 2917: 2907: 2889: 2865: 2859: 2858: 2818: 2812: 2811: 2763: 2757: 2745: 2739: 2732: 2723: 2711: 2705: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2685: 2679: 2667: 2661: 2649: 2643: 2642: 2637:. 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Archived from 1562: 1556: 1555: 1553: 1551: 1545: 1538: 1530: 1524: 1523: 1505: 1473: 1467: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1442: 1436: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1400: 1398: 1379: 1373: 1372: 1370: 1368: 1349: 703:Snowboard racing 697:Snowboard racing 542: 215:Snowboarding in 213: 42: 35: 31: 21: 5969: 5968: 5964: 5963: 5962: 5960: 5959: 5958: 5914: 5913: 5912: 5907: 5893:Category:Skiing 5875: 5803: 5742: 5674: 5618: 5609:Snowboard cross 5560: 5502: 5498:Telemark skiing 5457: 5421: 5372: 5341: 5315: 5311:Nordic combined 5266: 5248: 5239: 5209: 5204: 5175:Obstacle racing 5160:Extreme ironing 5133: 5100: 5064: 5026: 5015:Mountain biking 4986: 4982:Wingsuit flying 4928: 4875: 4842:Alpine climbing 4801: 4726: 4683: 4573: 4568: 4538: 4533: 4520: 4487: 4473:Snowboard cross 4451: 4416: 4407:Slot car racing 4385: 4347: 4309: 4300: 4271:Off-road racing 4233: 4215: 4187: 4183:Sled dog racing 4149: 4096: 4034: 3998: 3962: 3929: 3920: 3868: 3863: 3833: 3828: 3808: 3787:Nordic combined 3704: 3694: 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2406: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2382: 2380: 2365: 2361: 2351: 2349: 2332: 2328: 2318: 2316: 2301: 2297: 2287: 2285: 2276: 2275: 2271: 2266:Ross Rebagliati 2264: 2260: 2250: 2248: 2235: 2234: 2230: 2223: 2207: 2203: 2196: 2180: 2176: 2166: 2164: 2151: 2150: 2146: 2136: 2134: 2121: 2120: 2116: 2109: 2093: 2089: 2079: 2077: 2062: 2058: 2048: 2046: 2033: 2032: 2028: 2018: 2016: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1988: 1986: 1973: 1972: 1968: 1958: 1956: 1947: 1946: 1942: 1932: 1930: 1921: 1920: 1916: 1906: 1904: 1895: 1894: 1890: 1880: 1878: 1865: 1864: 1860: 1843: 1842: 1838: 1832:Wayback Machine 1823: 1819: 1813:Wayback Machine 1804: 1800: 1790: 1788: 1781:bulgariaski.com 1775: 1774: 1770: 1760: 1758: 1745: 1744: 1740: 1730: 1728: 1715: 1714: 1710: 1700: 1698: 1685: 1684: 1680: 1670: 1668: 1655: 1654: 1650: 1640: 1638: 1631:The Independent 1625: 1624: 1620: 1610: 1608: 1601:www.simsnow.com 1593: 1589: 1579: 1577: 1564: 1563: 1559: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1536: 1532: 1531: 1527: 1482:Leisure Studies 1474: 1470: 1460: 1458: 1443: 1439: 1429: 1427: 1410: 1406: 1396: 1394: 1381: 1380: 1376: 1366: 1364: 1351: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1309: 1242: 1230: 1197: 1128:The White Album 1122: 1116: 1111: 1101: 1093: 1084: 1074: 1066: 1058: 1050: 1045: 1035: 1027: 1022: 1012: 1004: 996: 988: 980: 975: 965: 957: 949: 941: 936: 843: 834: 832:Common injuries 809: 767:Winter Dew Tour 741:, the Japanese 739:Air & Style 724: 716:Main articles: 714: 705: 699: 690: 688:Snowboard cross 684: 682:Snowboard cross 675: 669: 638: 632: 623: 617: 608:Tannheim, Tyrol 606:Snowboarder in 535: 521: 512: 488: 482: 466: 460: 451: 425:Ross Rebagliati 406:Air & Style 342:Sims Snowboards 273:, a devotee of 203: 201: 123: 62:Characteristics 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5967: 5957: 5956: 5951: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5909: 5908: 5906: 5905: 5895: 5884: 5881: 5880: 5877: 5876: 5874: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5862: 5861: 5856: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5830: 5829: 5819: 5817:Aerial tramway 5813: 5811: 5802: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5770: 5769: 5759: 5753: 5751: 5744: 5743: 5741: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5724: 5723: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5682: 5680: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5626: 5624: 5620: 5619: 5617: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5570: 5568: 5562: 5561: 5559: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5512: 5510: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5469: 5467: 5463: 5462: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5433:Extreme skiing 5429: 5427: 5423: 5422: 5420: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5393: 5391: 5384: 5378: 5377: 5374: 5373: 5371: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5349: 5347: 5343: 5342: 5340: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5323: 5321: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5313: 5308: 5307: 5306: 5296: 5295: 5294: 5283: 5281: 5274: 5268: 5267: 5265: 5264: 5259: 5253: 5250: 5249: 5238: 5237: 5230: 5223: 5215: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5155:Cheese rolling 5152: 5147: 5141: 5139: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5131: 5126: 5121: 5116: 5110: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5076:Extreme skiing 5072: 5070: 5066: 5065: 5063: 5062: 5060:Roller skating 5057: 5056: 5055: 5050: 5043:Inline skating 5040: 5034: 5032: 5028: 5027: 5025: 5024: 5023: 5022: 5012: 5011: 5010: 5005: 4994: 4992: 4988: 4987: 4985: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4968: 4967: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4936: 4934: 4930: 4929: 4927: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4904:Bungee jumping 4901: 4900: 4899: 4894: 4883: 4881: 4877: 4876: 4874: 4873: 4868: 4867: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4846: 4845: 4844: 4837:Mountaineering 4834: 4833: 4832: 4830:Mixed climbing 4822: 4820:Crane climbing 4817: 4811: 4809: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4799: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4773: 4772: 4767: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4736: 4734: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4693: 4691: 4685: 4684: 4682: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4670: 4669: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4583: 4581: 4575: 4574: 4567: 4566: 4559: 4552: 4544: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4531: 4525: 4522: 4521: 4519: 4518: 4517: 4516: 4511: 4501: 4495: 4493: 4489: 4488: 4486: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4459: 4457: 4453: 4452: 4450: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4428: 4426: 4422: 4421: 4418: 4417: 4415: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4393: 4391: 4387: 4386: 4384: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4357: 4355: 4349: 4348: 4346: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4319: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4303: 4301: 4299: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4261:Formula racing 4258: 4252: 4250: 4241: 4235: 4234: 4232: 4231: 4229:Speed climbing 4225: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4214: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4197: 4195: 4189: 4188: 4186: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4159: 4157: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4147: 4145:Cycle speedway 4142: 4137: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4106: 4104: 4102:Bicycle racing 4098: 4097: 4095: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4048: 4046: 4040: 4039: 4036: 4035: 4033: 4032: 4027: 4022: 4017: 4012: 4006: 4004: 4000: 3999: 3997: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3970: 3968: 3964: 3963: 3961: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3939: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3893: 3887: 3885: 3876: 3870: 3869: 3862: 3861: 3854: 3847: 3839: 3830: 3829: 3827: 3826: 3813: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3806: 3801: 3800: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3764: 3763: 3762: 3757: 3752: 3750:figure skating 3742: 3737: 3732: 3727: 3726: 3725: 3715: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3693: 3692: 3685: 3678: 3670: 3664: 3663: 3654: 3647: 3646:External links 3644: 3641: 3640: 3613: 3587: 3557: 3530:(4): 770–776. 3514: 3484: 3458: 3432: 3406: 3380: 3371: 3362: 3313: 3274:(4): 770–776. 3254: 3247: 3226: 3219: 3201: 3175: 3124: 3117: 3092: 3085: 3067: 3020:(5): 358–364. 3000: 2974: 2919: 2860: 2833:(3): 178–181. 2813: 2778:(4): 770–776. 2758: 2740: 2724: 2706: 2680: 2662: 2644: 2622: 2596: 2578: 2552: 2526: 2504: 2472: 2442: 2416: 2390: 2359: 2326: 2295: 2269: 2258: 2228: 2221: 2201: 2194: 2174: 2144: 2114: 2107: 2087: 2056: 2026: 1996: 1966: 1940: 1914: 1888: 1858: 1836: 1817: 1798: 1768: 1738: 1708: 1678: 1648: 1618: 1587: 1557: 1525: 1488:(5): 507–523. 1468: 1437: 1404: 1389:. March 2016. 1374: 1343: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1308: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1297: 1291: 1285: 1279: 1273: 1267: 1261: 1255: 1252:Rosey Fletcher 1249: 1241: 1240:Notable people 1238: 1229: 1226: 1196: 1193: 1188:extreme sports 1163:The Crash Reel 1115: 1112: 1110: 1107: 1106: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1083: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1048: 1044: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1021: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 994: 992: 989: 986: 984: 981: 978: 974: 971: 970: 969: 966: 963: 961: 958: 956:Regular Stance 955: 953: 950: 947: 940: 937: 935: 932: 879:snow blindness 842: 839: 833: 830: 826:Mad River Glen 808: 805: 759:Winter X Games 713: 710: 701:Main article: 698: 695: 686:Main article: 683: 680: 671:Main article: 668: 665: 634:Main article: 631: 628: 619:Main article: 616: 613: 600: 599: 592: 586: 520: 517: 511: 508: 491:are utilized. 484:Main article: 481: 478: 462:Main article: 459: 456: 450: 447: 402:Winter X Games 382:, California. 350:Gnu Snowboards 200: 197: 155:, inspired by 129: 128: 113: 107: 106: 101: 95: 94: 90: 89: 76: 72: 71: 68: 64: 63: 59: 58: 51: 47: 46: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5966: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5921: 5919: 5904: 5896: 5894: 5886: 5885: 5882: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5851: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5814: 5812: 5810: 5806: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5789:Snow grooming 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5768: 5765: 5764: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5757:Dry ski slope 5755: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5745: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5722: 5719: 5718: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5683: 5681: 5677: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5665:Ski simulator 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5655:Stem christie 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5640:Parallel turn 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5627: 5625: 5621: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5571: 5569: 5567: 5563: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5516:Aerial skiing 5514: 5513: 5511: 5509: 5505: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5478:Indoor skiing 5476: 5474: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5464: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5382:Alpine skiing 5379: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5363:Roller skiing 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5344: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5300: 5297: 5293: 5290: 5289: 5288: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5272:Nordic skiing 5269: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5254: 5251: 5247: 5243: 5236: 5231: 5229: 5224: 5222: 5217: 5216: 5213: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5195:Ultramarathon 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5142: 5140: 5136: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5111: 5109: 5107: 5103: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5067: 5061: 5058: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5045: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5033: 5029: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5013: 5009: 5008:Freestyle BMX 5006: 5004: 5001: 5000: 4999: 4996: 4995: 4993: 4989: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4966: 4963: 4962: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4931: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4914:Cliff jumping 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4889: 4888: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4878: 4872: 4869: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4851: 4850: 4849:Rock climbing 4847: 4843: 4840: 4839: 4838: 4835: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4804: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4737: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4694: 4692: 4690: 4686: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4668: 4667:River surfing 4665: 4664: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4657:Street luging 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4632:Skateboarding 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4622:Riverboarding 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4587:Bellyboarding 4585: 4584: 4582: 4580: 4576: 4572: 4565: 4560: 4558: 4553: 4551: 4546: 4545: 4542: 4530: 4527: 4526: 4523: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4490: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4478:Speed skating 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4463:Alpine skiing 4461: 4460: 4458: 4456:Winter racing 4454: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4423: 4413: 4412:Street racing 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4388: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4350: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4312: 4307: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4236: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4190: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4178:Pigeon racing 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4155:Animal racing 4152: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4135: 4131: 4130:Track cycling 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4120:Gravel racing 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4099: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4041: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4010:Tower running 4008: 4007: 4005: 4001: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3989:Trail running 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3971: 3969: 3965: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3953:Ultramarathon 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3943:Half marathon 3941: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3932: 3927: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3886: 3884: 3883:Track running 3880: 3877: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3860: 3855: 3853: 3848: 3846: 3841: 3840: 3837: 3825: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3814: 3811: 3805: 3802: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3777:cross-country 3775: 3773: 3770: 3769: 3768: 3765: 3761: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3747: 3746: 3743: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3724: 3721: 3720: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3691: 3686: 3684: 3679: 3677: 3672: 3671: 3668: 3662: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3649: 3628: 3624: 3617: 3601: 3597: 3591: 3575: 3571: 3570:NBC Universal 3567: 3561: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3518: 3502: 3498: 3494: 3488: 3472: 3468: 3462: 3446: 3442: 3436: 3420: 3416: 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