52:
670:
970:
730:
694:
884:
1018:
756:
718:
866:
849:
902:
988:
1564:
682:
706:
774:
1054:
301:
1286:
1072:
938:
1036:
337:
319:
920:
952:
792:
612:
same for
Caetano. Eventually, Tomás became the rallying point for hardliners who opposed Caetano's efforts to open up the regime. Caetano's reforms did not go nearly far enough for a populace that had no memory of the instability and chaos that had preceded Salazar. For instance, he left the presidential election in the hands of the regime-dominated legislature, which re-elected Tomás unopposed in
588:
observers believed, however, that
Delgado would have won had the election been honest. Salazar was alarmed enough that he pushed through a constitutional amendment transferring the election of the president to the legislature, which was firmly controlled by the regime. Tomás was re-elected by the legislature in
550:
During his term as
Minister of the Navy, he was responsible for the total reconstruction of the Portuguese commercial navy organized under Dispatch 100. Fifty-six ships were ordered, with a total of more than 300,000 tons of displacement. The dispatch included statutes that also allowed the formation
611:
Tomás' ouster of
Salazar would be the only time he exercised his presidential prerogatives during his first decade in office. In contrast, Tomás took a much more active role in the government after Caetano took power. While he had given Salazar more or less a free hand, he was not willing to do the
595:
Although vested with sweeping—almost dictatorial—powers on paper, in practice Tomás was little more than a figurehead for his first decade in power. For most of the existence of the Estado Novo, Salazar, as prime minister, held the real power. Indeed, Salazar had chosen him because
Craveiro Lopes
639:
allowed his return to
Portugal. In 1981, his eldest daughter, Natália, suddenly died. He was denied re-entry into the Navy and the extraordinary pension scheme currently in force for former presidents of the Republic, having received a modest pension from a retired military. After his return from
603:
to succeed him. For all intents and purposes, the president's power to dismiss the prime minister had been the only check on
Salazar's power. However, he never informed the recovered Salazar that he had been removed as leader of the regime he had largely created. Reportedly, when Salazar died two
596:
had shown an independent streak that
Salazar didn't like. Tomás' virtual powerlessness in the office under Salazar made him little more than a decorative figure at inaugurations and festivities. This, together with a natural ineptitude for speech-making, also made him a target of frequent jokes.
448:
to his parents António
Rodrigues Tomás and Maria da Assunção Marques. He married Gertrudes Ribeiro da Costa in October 1922. The couple had two children, Maria Natália Rodrigues Tomás (born 1923) and Maria Madalena Rodrigues Tomás (born 1925). Tomás entered high school at Lapa, Portugal in 1904,
587:
ended as soon as Tomás was nominated. The electoral system was so heavily rigged in favor of the
National Union that he could not possibly be defeated. However, in an unusually spirited contest, Tomás was ultimately credited with 76.4 percent of the vote to Delgado's 23.5 percent. Most neutral
616:. However, Caetano had to expend nearly all of his political capital to wrangle even these meagre reforms out of Tomás and the hardliners. He was thus in no position to resist when Tomás and the other hardliners forced the end of the reform experiment a year later.
551:
of what is now the modern shipbuilding industry in Portugal. Tomás' actions while serving as Minister of the Navy won him a positive reputation in the marine community, unlike the infamy acquired by several of his colleagues in the
640:
exile, Américo Tomás lived practically isolated, having gone through serious financial difficulties, being forced to sell various gifts and valuables from when he was president. He published his memoir in 1986.
647:, of a generalized infection, at the age of 92, on 18 September 1987. His funeral was simple and modest, without any representation or military or state honors, being buried in the Ajuda Cemetery.
512:, where he served for the next sixteen years. During this time, he was assigned to the survey mission of the Portuguese coast and was a board member of the Technical Commission for
462:
1799:
1145:
1814:
1452:
599:
In September 1968, Salazar was incapacitated by a coma. Believing that Salazar did not have long to live, Tomás dismissed Salazar and appointed
1789:
1809:
449:
completing his secondary education in 1911. He then attended the Faculty of Sciences for two years (1912–1914), after which he joined the
1779:
1196:
1829:
734:
1331:
1244:
1232:
166:
1804:
1764:
1759:
1348:
674:
613:
589:
584:
399:
51:
1819:
1445:
1774:
1408:
1177:
635:
ended 48 years of authoritarian rule in Portugal. After being removed from power, Tomás was exiled to Brazil; in 1978,
1794:
1027:
1023:
825:
669:
1784:
1438:
929:
390:
277:
33:
300:
1461:
1290:
1007:
1612:
568:
144:
86:
1563:
832:
1769:
1533:
783:
289:
42:
911:
875:
811:
804:
619:
Tomás, unlike his predecessor, lived in his private residence while President of the Republic, using the
1824:
1586:
710:
686:
396:
285:
39:
729:
1643:
1469:
1391:
1362:
1341:
1310:
853:
572:
229:
1523:
1667:
1623:
1277:
961:
893:
576:
102:
1677:
1717:
1657:
1300:
693:
552:
532:. Tomás was also a member of the International Permanent Council for the Exploration of the Sea.
479:
470:
450:
374:
257:
114:
1572:
841:
Recipient of the Commemorative Medal of the Birth Centennial of Rui Barbosa (12 September 1960)
556:
428:
416:
1707:
1200:
1834:
1596:
1543:
717:
420:
63:
1754:
1749:
1000:
979:
632:
424:
8:
818:
408:
202:
1257:
1159:
681:
1553:
1503:
705:
1483:
1063:
1104:
Renovação e Expansão da Frota Mercante Nacional, preface of Jerónimo Henriques Jorge
907:
871:
857:
580:
1606:
1493:
474:
1422:
1401:
1377:
1317:
1081:
600:
544:
536:
413:
370:
342:
121:
90:
1687:
1513:
620:
1059:
656:
20:
1743:
1697:
1077:
1045:
722:
698:
636:
540:
506:
393:
281:
267:
36:
1214:
1285:
765:
525:
1430:
521:
513:
499:
517:
252:
1122:(in Portuguese), vol. 4, Lisbon, Portugal: Fernando Pereira, 1981
1222:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Diário da República, 25 April 1974
943:
761:
675:
Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of the Valour, Loyalty and Merit
529:
488:
1096:
Sem Espírito Marítimo Não É Possível o Progresso da Marinha Mercante
1041:
889:
324:
779:
644:
427:. He was the last president of the authoritarian and corporatist
360:
218:
461:
925:
797:
445:
198:
993:
975:
946:: Grand Collar of the Order of Ruben Dario (20 December 1966)
957:
1245:
Angola - Banco de Angola 10.06.1970 "Americo Tomás" Issue
1233:
Angola - Banco de Angola 10.06.1962 "Americo Tomás" Issue
1062:: Honorary Knight Grand Cross (Military division) of the
1258:"ENTIDADES NACIONAIS AGRACIADAS COM ORDENS ESTRANGEIRAS"
1160:"ENTIDADES NACIONAIS AGRACIADAS COM ORDENS PORTUGUESAS"
1106:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: self-published, 1958
1098:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: self-published, 1956
838:
Cross of the Order of Sports Merit (12 September 1960)
575:
party for the presidency of the republic, succeeding
1176:
Mascarenhas, João Mário; Telo, António José (1997).
1114:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: República, 1975
502:. In 1918, he received a promotion to Lieutenant.
567:In 1958, Tomás was chosen by then-Prime Minister
1741:
1175:
623:only as an office and for official ceremonies.
412:; 19 November 1894 – 18 September 1987) was a
1446:
1171:
1169:
1800:Portuguese military personnel of World War I
444:Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás was born in
524:and a member of the Council for Studies of
1815:20th-century Portuguese military personnel
1460:
1453:
1439:
1166:
535:Tomás was appointed chief of staff to the
50:
978:: Grand Cross (White Decoration) of the
460:
409:[ɐˈmɛɾikuðɨˈðewʒʁuˈðɾiɣɨʃtuˈmaʃ]
1332:Fernando de Quintanilha e Mendonça Dias
1140:
1138:
1136:
579:. He ran against the opposition-backed
505:On 17 March 1920, he was placed on the
167:Fernando de Quintanilha e Mendonça Dias
134:6 September 1944 – 10 May 1958
16:President of Portugal from 1958 to 1974
1742:
419:and politician who served as the 13th
76:9 August 1958 – 25 April 1974
1790:National Union (Portugal) politicians
1434:
407:
1133:
604:years later, he still believed that
1810:20th-century Portuguese politicians
960:: Grand Cross with Diamonds of the
662:
643:Américo Tomás died at his home, in
13:
1780:People of the Carnation Revolution
1088:
741:
659:banknote issues of 1962 and 1970.
456:
14:
1846:
1830:20th-century presidents in Europe
1194:
1178:"Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás"
1028:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
1024:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
735:Order of Saint James of the Sword
559:during their respective tenures.
1805:Government ministers of Portugal
1562:
1284:
1197:"Eleições presidenciais de 1958"
1070:
1052:
1044:: Knight Grand Commander of the
1034:
1016:
986:
968:
950:
936:
918:
900:
882:
864:
847:
790:
772:
754:
728:
716:
704:
692:
680:
668:
473:in 1916, he was assigned to the
335:
317:
299:
571:as the candidate of the ruling
475:Portuguese coast escort service
469:After Tomás graduated from the
387:Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás
278:Order of St. James of the Sword
186:Américo de Deus Rodrigues Tomás
1765:Portuguese emigrants to Brazil
1760:Military personnel from Lisbon
1250:
1238:
1226:
1207:
1188:
1182:A República e seus presidentes
1152:
1008:Order of Isabella the Catholic
583:. It initially appeared that
541:Merchant Marine National Junta
1:
1127:
1026:: Bailiff Grand Cross of the
626:
562:
553:Portuguese Armed Forces (FAP)
439:
1372:Manuel Ortins de Bettencourt
999:Knight of the Collar of the
434:
290:Order of the Tower and Sword
156:Manuel Ortins de Bettencourt
7:
1820:Naval ministers of Portugal
1613:António de Oliveira Salazar
1120:Últimas Décadas de Portugal
912:Order of the Crown of Italy
876:Order of the Queen of Sheba
812:Order of the Southern Cross
805:Order of the Southern Cross
145:António de Oliveira Salazar
87:António de Oliveira Salazar
10:
1851:
1775:Portuguese Roman Catholics
1728:Interim presidents are in
1216:Junta da Salvação Nacional
1006:Knight Grand Cross of the
766:Order of May (Naval Merit)
650:
539:in 1936, President of the
483:and later assigned to the
239:Gertrudes Ribeiro da Costa
18:
1726:
1642:
1571:
1560:
1468:
1419:
1406:
1398:
1392:Fernando dos Santos Costa
1388:
1375:
1369:
1363:Fernando dos Santos Costa
1359:
1346:
1342:Fernando dos Santos Costa
1338:
1328:
1315:
1311:Fernando dos Santos Costa
1307:
1297:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1080:: Chief Commander of the
854:Brazilian Imperial Family
655:He was portrayed in the
405:Portuguese pronunciation:
380:
366:
356:
348:
330:
312:
307:
295:
273:
263:
251:
243:
235:
225:
208:
181:
176:
172:
160:
150:
138:
127:
120:
108:
96:
80:
69:
62:
58:
49:
28:
1795:Leaders ousted by a coup
1668:Francisco da Costa Gomes
1624:Francisco Craveiro Lopes
1409:Minister of the Colonies
1278:Francisco Craveiro Lopes
894:Order of the Golden Spur
577:Francisco Craveiro Lopes
103:Francisco Craveiro Lopes
19:Not to be confused with
1718:Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
1534:António José de Almeida
1199:. ISCSP. Archived from
826:National Order of Merit
592:as the only candidate.
543:from 1940 to 1944, and
375:Portuguese Colonial War
258:Portuguese Naval School
1785:Presidents of Portugal
1524:João do Canto e Castro
1462:Presidents of Portugal
930:Order of Saint Charles
631:On 25 April 1974, the
466:
1678:António Ramalho Eanes
1597:Manuel Gomes da Costa
1587:José Mendes Cabeçadas
1544:Manuel Teixeira Gomes
1291:President of Portugal
928:: Grand Cross of the
856:: Grand Cross of the
782:: Grand Cross of the
764:: Grand Cross of the
697:Grand Officer of the
557:Portuguese government
464:
421:president of Portugal
349:Years of service
64:President of Portugal
1378:Minister of the Navy
1318:Minister of the Navy
1146:"Américo Tomás, MPR"
1001:Order of Charles III
980:Cross of Naval Merit
833:Order of Naval Merit
803:Grand Collar of the
673:Grand Collar of the
633:Carnation Revolution
608:was prime minister.
545:Minister of the Navy
537:Minister of the Navy
122:Minister of the Navy
1770:Portuguese admirals
1708:Aníbal Cavaco Silva
1349:Minister of Defence
831:Grand Cross of the
824:Grand Cross of the
819:Order of Rio Branco
817:Grand Cross of the
810:Grand Cross of the
685:Grand Cross of the
547:from 1944 to 1958.
203:Kingdom of Portugal
1658:António de Spínola
1554:Bernardino Machado
1504:Bernardino Machado
1301:António de Spínola
1270:Political offices
1084:(4 September 1954)
1048:(17 November 1966)
964:(1 September 1960)
860:(1 September 1960)
814:(30 December 1953)
784:Order of the Crown
768:(17 December 1954)
467:
115:António de Spínola
1825:Portuguese exiles
1737:
1736:
1484:Manuel de Arriaga
1429:
1428:
1420:Succeeded by
1389:Succeeded by
1360:Succeeded by
1329:Succeeded by
1298:Succeeded by
1066:(4 February 1974)
1064:Order of the Bath
1030:(10 October 1967)
1003:(6 December 1961)
910:: Officer of the
835:(9 November 1953)
786:(15 October 1955)
721:Commander of the
709:Commander of the
453:as a midshipman.
384:
383:
212:18 September 1987
1842:
1715:
1705:
1695:
1685:
1675:
1665:
1655:
1631:
1621:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1566:
1551:
1541:
1531:
1521:
1511:
1501:
1491:
1481:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1432:
1431:
1414:
1399:Preceded by
1383:
1370:Preceded by
1354:
1339:Preceded by
1323:
1308:Preceded by
1288:
1275:Preceded by
1267:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1254:
1248:
1247:Bank Note Museum
1242:
1236:
1235:Bank Note Museum
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1184:(in Portuguese).
1173:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1123:
1115:
1107:
1099:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1022:
1020:
1019:
992:
990:
989:
974:
972:
971:
962:Order of the Sun
956:
954:
953:
942:
940:
939:
924:
922:
921:
908:Kingdom of Italy
906:
904:
903:
892:: Knight of the
888:
886:
885:
874:: Collar of the
872:Ethiopian Empire
870:
868:
867:
858:Order of Pedro I
852:
851:
850:
828:(18 August 1972)
821:(18 August 1972)
807:(28 August 1961)
796:
794:
793:
778:
776:
775:
760:
758:
757:
737:(5 October 1928)
732:
725:(5 October 1932)
720:
708:
701:(10 August 1942)
696:
684:
672:
663:National honours
581:Humberto Delgado
411:
406:
402:
341:
339:
338:
323:
321:
320:
308:Military service
303:
215:
196:19 November 1894
195:
193:
177:Personal details
163:
153:
141:
132:
111:
99:
83:
74:
54:
26:
25:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1722:
1713:
1703:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1663:
1653:
1638:
1629:
1619:
1602:
1592:
1582:
1573:Second Republic
1567:
1558:
1549:
1539:
1529:
1519:
1509:
1499:
1489:
1479:
1464:
1459:
1425:
1423:Marcelo Caetano
1416:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1402:Marcelo Caetano
1394:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1373:
1365:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1344:
1334:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1303:
1294:
1289:
1280:
1265:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1231:
1227:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1193:
1189:
1174:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1144:
1143:
1134:
1130:
1118:
1110:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1089:Published works
1082:Legion of Merit
1071:
1069:
1053:
1051:
1035:
1033:
1017:
1015:
1010:(28 March 1955)
987:
985:
969:
967:
951:
949:
937:
935:
919:
917:
901:
899:
896:(25 April 1966)
883:
881:
865:
863:
848:
846:
791:
789:
773:
771:
755:
753:
744:
742:Foreign honours
733:Officer of the
711:Order of Christ
689:(1 August 1953)
687:Order of Christ
677:(9 August 1963)
665:
653:
629:
601:Marcelo Caetano
569:António Salazar
565:
459:
457:Military career
442:
437:
414:Portuguese Navy
404:
389:
373:
371:First World War
343:Portuguese Navy
336:
334:
318:
316:
288:
286:Order of Christ
284:
280:
226:Political party
217:
213:
197:
191:
189:
188:
187:
161:
151:
139:
133:
128:
109:
97:
91:Marcelo Caetano
89:
81:
75:
70:
45:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1848:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1735:
1734:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1710:
1700:
1690:
1680:
1670:
1660:
1649:
1647:
1646:(1974–present)
1644:Third Republic
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1626:
1616:
1609:
1599:
1589:
1578:
1576:
1569:
1568:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1546:
1536:
1526:
1516:
1506:
1496:
1486:
1475:
1473:
1470:First Republic
1466:
1465:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1435:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1387:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1345:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1327:
1314:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1296:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1264:
1263:
1249:
1237:
1225:
1206:
1203:on 2012-04-06.
1187:
1165:
1151:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1116:
1108:
1100:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1067:
1060:United Kingdom
1049:
1031:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1004:
983:
982:(23 June 1930)
965:
947:
933:
915:
914:(21 June 1939)
897:
879:
878:(17 June 1960)
861:
844:
843:
842:
839:
836:
829:
822:
815:
808:
787:
769:
743:
740:
739:
738:
726:
714:
702:
690:
678:
664:
661:
657:Angolan escudo
652:
649:
628:
625:
573:National Union
564:
561:
458:
455:
441:
438:
436:
433:
382:
381:
378:
377:
368:
364:
363:
358:
354:
353:
350:
346:
345:
332:
331:Branch/service
328:
327:
314:
310:
309:
305:
304:
297:
293:
292:
275:
271:
270:
265:
261:
260:
255:
249:
248:
245:
241:
240:
237:
233:
232:
230:National Union
227:
223:
222:
216:(aged 92)
210:
206:
205:
185:
183:
179:
178:
174:
173:
170:
169:
164:
158:
157:
154:
148:
147:
142:
140:Prime Minister
136:
135:
125:
124:
118:
117:
112:
106:
105:
100:
94:
93:
84:
82:Prime Minister
78:
77:
67:
66:
60:
59:
56:
55:
47:
46:
32:
29:
21:Thomas Americo
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1847:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
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1758:
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1753:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1716:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1699:
1698:Jorge Sampaio
1696:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1634:Américo Tomás
1632:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1607:Óscar Carmona
1605:
1600:
1598:
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1527:
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1522:
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1507:
1505:
1502:
1497:
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1494:Teófilo Braga
1492:
1487:
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1482:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1456:
1451:
1449:
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1433:
1424:
1415:
1410:
1403:
1397:
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1384:
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1368:
1364:
1355:
1350:
1343:
1337:
1333:
1324:
1319:
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1306:
1302:
1293:
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1287:
1279:
1273:
1268:
1259:
1253:
1246:
1241:
1234:
1229:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1191:
1183:
1179:
1172:
1170:
1161:
1155:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1132:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1083:
1079:
1078:United States
1068:
1065:
1061:
1050:
1047:
1046:Order of Rama
1043:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1002:
998:
997:
995:
984:
981:
977:
966:
963:
959:
948:
945:
934:
932:(25 May 1964)
931:
927:
916:
913:
909:
898:
895:
891:
880:
877:
873:
862:
859:
855:
845:
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823:
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785:
781:
770:
767:
763:
752:
751:
750:
748:
736:
731:
727:
724:
723:Order of Aviz
719:
715:
712:
707:
703:
700:
699:Order of Aviz
695:
691:
688:
683:
679:
676:
671:
667:
666:
660:
658:
648:
646:
641:
638:
637:Ramalho Eanes
634:
624:
622:
617:
615:
609:
607:
602:
597:
593:
591:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
560:
558:
554:
548:
546:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
520:and Nautical
519:
515:
511:
508:
507:survey vessel
503:
501:
497:
493:
490:
486:
482:
481:
480:Vasco da Gama
476:
472:
471:Naval Academy
465:Américo Tomás
463:
454:
452:
451:Naval Academy
447:
432:
430:
426:
423:from 1958 to
422:
418:
415:
410:
401:
398:
395:
392:
388:
379:
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365:
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347:
344:
333:
329:
326:
315:
311:
306:
302:
298:
294:
291:
287:
283:
282:Order of Aviz
279:
276:
272:
269:
268:Naval officer
266:
262:
259:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
231:
228:
224:
220:
211:
207:
204:
200:
184:
180:
175:
171:
168:
165:
159:
155:
149:
146:
143:
137:
131:
126:
123:
119:
116:
113:
107:
104:
101:
95:
92:
88:
85:
79:
73:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
44:
41:
38:
35:
30:Américo Tomás
27:
22:
1835:Dictatorship
1729:
1712:
1702:
1692:
1688:Mário Soares
1682:
1672:
1662:
1652:
1633:
1628:
1618:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1548:
1538:
1528:
1518:
1514:Sidónio Pais
1508:
1498:
1488:
1478:
1407:
1376:
1347:
1316:
1283:
1252:
1240:
1228:
1215:
1209:
1201:the original
1190:
1181:
1154:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1095:
746:
745:
713:(9 May 1934)
654:
642:
630:
621:Belém Palace
618:
610:
605:
598:
594:
585:the election
566:
549:
534:
526:Oceanography
510:5 de Outubro
509:
504:
495:
491:
484:
478:
468:
443:
386:
385:
367:Battles/wars
214:(1987-09-18)
162:Succeeded by
129:
110:Succeeded by
71:
1755:1987 deaths
1750:1894 births
1575:(1933–1974)
1472:(1910–1926)
522:Meteorology
514:Hydrography
500:World War I
485:Pedro Nunes
429:Estado Novo
152:Preceded by
98:Preceded by
1744:Categories
1386:1944–1953
1382:(1st time)
1326:1953–1958
1322:(2nd time)
1295:1958–1974
1128:References
627:Later life
563:Presidency
518:Navigation
489:destroyers
440:Early life
313:Allegiance
264:Profession
253:Alma mater
221:, Portugal
192:1894-11-19
1413:(Interim)
1353:(Interim)
944:Nicaragua
762:Argentina
530:Fisheries
435:Biography
352:1914–1974
296:Signature
130:In office
72:In office
1112:Citações
1042:Thailand
890:Holy See
555:and the
487:and the
397:ComC GCC
394:ComA GOA
325:Portugal
244:Children
40:ComC GCC
37:ComA GOA
1730:italics
1195:ISCSP.
780:Belgium
651:Honours
645:Cascais
498:during
417:officer
361:Admiral
219:Cascais
1075:
1057:
1039:
1021:
991:
973:
955:
941:
926:Monaco
923:
905:
887:
869:
798:Brazil
795:
777:
759:
747:Source
446:Lisbon
400:GCoITE
340:
322:
274:Awards
236:Spouse
199:Lisbon
43:GCoITE
1694:XVIII
1417:1945
1357:1957
1220:(PDF)
994:Spain
976:Spain
492:Douro
1684:XVII
1630:XIII
1550:VIII
958:Peru
614:1972
590:1965
528:and
496:Tejo
494:and
425:1974
357:Rank
209:Died
182:Born
1704:XIX
1674:XVI
1654:XIV
1620:XII
1540:VII
1500:III
477:on
391:OSE
34:OSE
1746::
1714:XX
1664:XV
1603:XI
1583:IX
1530:VI
1510:IV
1490:II
1180:.
1168:^
1135:^
996::
800::
749::
606:he
516:,
431:.
201:,
1732:.
1593:X
1520:V
1480:I
1454:e
1447:t
1440:v
1260:.
1162:.
1148:.
403:(
247:2
194:)
190:(
23:.
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