6123:...for mutually beneficial programs, projects, data products and activities. ... It is now the address space 44.0.0.0 through 44.191.255.255 ... ARDC is the owner of the AMPRNet. UCSD has no ownership or right of control over this address space. ... a "Dark Net" to observe specific types of Internet traffic. Since the mid-1980's, UCSD has provided colocation services for the AMPRNet for ARDC, so that in a continuing manner, UCSD's CAIDA Research group may observe, collect, and analyze the AMPRNet traffic. ... cause AMPRNet traffic from the global Internet to be routed to UCSD for study. ... UCSD shall: Operate network hardware and software to provide colocation services for the AMPRNet TCP/IP networks for Amateur Radio on UCSD infrastructure. ... Collaborator shall: Agree to allow UCSD to collect, filter and curate data destined for the AMPRNet network for the purposes of network research and responsible data sharing with the network and security research communities. ... effective through at which time it will expire unless extended.
1602:
486:
7376:... UCSD network telescope remains a purely passive observer of unsolicited traffic. We do not rule out active response by the telescope in the future, but active responding requires resources and careful navigation of legal and ethical issues. ... collects full-packet traces continuously. These traces are stored online for at least sixty days, ... In 2002, when CAIDA began analyzing telescope data ... As of June 2011, we see 6 to 9
33:
5598:." President Dannals and the next ARRL President, Vic Clark, soon completed the formation of the ARRL Ad Hoc Committee on Digital Communication. The "Digital Committee" advises the ARRL Board of Directors on matters concerning digital communications ... Committee members: Paul Rinaldo, W4RI (Chairman); Dennis Connors KD2S; Terry Fox, WB4JFI; Doug Lockhart, VE7APU; Wally Linstruth, WA6JPR; Dr.
1763:, and monitor only the traffic destined to the empty address space. ... the network's border router separates the legitimate traffic arriving at the telescope network (typically less than 1% of the total traffic volume) and forwards only non-legitimate traffic for monitoring and storage ... As of December 2009, the network telescope captures in the range of 2
5815:'s Board of Directors was issued by the ARRL committee on amateur radio digital communications. ... At the January 1993 meeting the ARRL Board of Directors directed this Committee ... ARRL develop, through the Digital Committee and the digital community, guidelines and standards for semi-automatic digital stations
6471:, yielding $ 109,051,904 of proceeds ... net of a broker commission of $ 545,260. ... ARDC intends to use the proceeds of the sale for grant making and other activity to support the fields of amateur radio and digital communications ... designated the proceeds of the sale as a board designated endowment.
7699:
sale of significant assets ... to Amazon
Technologies, Inc. ... one-quarter of ARDC's IP Addresses and is therefore not a sale of substantially all of ARDC's assets ... will be accurately recorded in ARDC's 2019 Form 990, which will be timely submitted to the Registry along with the 2019 Form RRF-1.
5863:
The name of this corporation is: Amateur Radio
Digital Communications ... Article 2 ... specific purposes ... to support, maintain, preserve and enhance the mission of the Amateur Packet Radio Network. ... shared vision of expanding the Amateur Radio Digital Communications network. ... initial agent
3169:
format. We made these files available in near-real-time (with 1-hour delay). ... dedicated system administrator with experience in managing data processing pipelines administered these facilities ... number of files and the total volume of data collected ... (from until ) as well as cumulative size
1960:
Ham is now a full-fat fabric that can provide
Internet access. Why aren't you using it? ... Take the European HAMNET, ... four-thousand-node high speed data network covering a large part of continental Europe and providing full IP connectivity at megabit speeds. It connects to the Internet—ham radio
1758:
telescope since 2001 ... ensure active life of the UCSD Network telescope until at least the end of 2013. ... expand our telescope instrumentation to enable researchers to exploit this unique global data source ... uses a /8 mostly "dark" (unassigned) network prefix]] ... and has only a few assigned
6466:
Total Assets: $ 109,130,548 ... block of 16,777,216 internet protocol (IPv4) addresses ... acquired in 1981 at no charge ... At the time of receipt, there was no discernible market value for the IPv4 addresses and, accordingly, they are carried at no value on ARDC's statement of financial position.
476:
coordinators with the proviso "we do not provide the same level of response as a commercial organisation." These addresses can possibly be made routable over the
Internet if fully coordinated with the volunteer administrators. Radio amateurs wanting to request IP addresses within the AMPRNet should
7375:
UCSD network telescope: over the first half of 2011. ... uses a /8 network prefix, most of which is dark. An upstream router filters out the legitimate traffic to the reachable IP addresses in this space, so we monitor only traffic destined to empty address space. ... large volume of data captured
4998:
of ARDC. ... Here's the e-mail. ... "NO plan to sell any more of the AMPRNet address space now or at any time in the future." ... we and the negotiators we employed were able to obtain the best sale price available. After months of negotiation, this all went surprisingly quickly from proposals to
2731:
addresses. Many of those are assigned on a temporary (per session) basis. For example, the data from CERF link for the three weekend days between 23–25 June 2000 contained 1.47 million IPs. Of those, 1.17 million were not found in sources processed before . Nonetheless, only 162,669 (17%) of them
5551:
from 1994 through 2004 ... if any of my friends had asked me how I thought news of this sale should have been handled, I would have told them that this reaction that we're seeing now is 100% predictable, and while it could never be eliminated entirely it could be limited in scope and ferocity by
5032:
worthy grant recipients ... to benefit amateur digital radio and related development. ... worldwide activity. ... grants to students who are hams; ... Development of *freely available* technology: hardware, software, protocols, ... good ideas from anyone who has them. ... didn't like the secrecy
3827:
network ... the local monitoring we employ can be used to accurately infer global large-scale activity. However, our infrastructure is unique and fixed ... Raw, unencoded trace data will be kept on CAIDA machines ... Due to their experience and trust by the community, CAIDA staff will manage the
1666:
for assembling a
Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications (DLARC). Internet Archive began the project in earnest in September 2022, and began seeking contributions of material in October. By November, 2022 the library had grown to 25,000 items. In January 2023 the library held over
7868:
Additionally, the non-profit
Amateur Radio Digital Communications (ARDC) has generously awarded The Amateur Radio Digital Communications' Brian H. Kantor, WB6CYT, Memorial Scholarship grant to the ARRL Foundation to match each scholarship on a dollar-for-dollar basis, making the grand total of
7777:
AMPRNet hands off large sub-blocks to countries, which in turn split their sub-blocks into projects or individuals. All this management is a time consuming process and is prone to disputes. ... IPv4 addresses are by now a very scarce resource, and this large block represents a huge commercial
7281:
in case ... quite aware of the value of a network block this size ... some folks eyeing the network space for various projects ... way of routing that doesn't involve splitting up the network in a public manner (ie, as seen from outside the network) is essential. ... I can just imagine people
6156:
following a $ 225,533 donation from the
Amateur Radio Digital Communications (ARDC) association, the Alan Turing Memorial Scholarship is now fully endowed. ... gift honors former UC San Diego Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) employee and ARDC founder Brian Kantor, who died
1847:
known up to now as the "experimenter's" certificate and "packet radio," were made public on . These changes came into effect . Holders of the new ticket, now called the "Amateur
Digital Radio Operator's Certificate," will be permitted operation on two meters and above using various modes of
5445:"Die ARDC hat einen "mostly unused" Block 44er IP-Adressen an Amazon verkauft, die bisher den Funkamateuren gehörten. Ich darf demnächst 262 Geräten im #HamNet eine neue IP geben, 75 Subnetze ändern und an 24 Standorten das Routing neu aufsetzen ohne mich dabei auszusperren..."
7437:
packets arriving on port 5060 observed by the UCSD Network
Telescope ... the number of distinct source IPs per hour observed at the UCSD Network Telescope is currently around 25,000 on port TCP 80 or 96,000 on port TCP 445 ... UCSD Network Telescope collects approximately
5645:. One is sponsoring and publishing the proceedings of the yearly amateur Networking Conferences, and a second is sponsoring the Digital Committee. This group meets at least twice a year (and has just had its June meeting) to discuss technical issues and to handle various
837:
set to duplicate the incoming packets being seen by the AMPRNet gateway to the UCSD network telescope capture server. The project funding proposal for "Sustainable Tools for
Analysis and Research on Darknet Unsolicited Traffic" (STARDUST) specified a planned upgrading to
3317:
A "network telescope" operated by the Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis (CAIDA), in San Diego, has gathered statistics about DoS attacks and the 2001 Code Red and Code Red 2 worm attacks ... a large block of IP (Internet protocol) addresses at the
1811:
the Canadian authorities announced the creation of a new "Amateur Digital Radio Operator's Certificate" ... On , the Montreal Amateur Radio Club sent the first amateur packets. ... Canada is the only country which is permitting amateurs to experiment with
4776:
registrant to transfer a portion of the block to another party. ... we review and confirm: ... source of the transfer is the legal entity which holds the rights ... recipient org has approval per policy to receive an address block of the appropriate
1573:
for the "Amateur Radio Digital Communications" non-profit were signed on 13 December 2017, and filed on 17 December 2017. In May 2019, Kantor signed an agreement extending UCSD/CAIDA's use of Amprnet addresses for data collection until 31 July 2023.
5455:-IP addresses to Amazon, which previously belonged to the radio amateurs. In the near future must give a new IP address to 262 devices in #HamNet, change 75 subnets and re-establish the routing in 24 locations without locking myself out...] (
5552:
getting ahead of the message. At minimum when the transfer occurred. But that doesn't change anything about my opinion that the sale itself was totally reasonable, done by reasonable people, and in keeping with the concept of being good
3140:
files (header and content) from the UCSD Network Telescope, instrumentation that monitors, strips the payload, and retains a sliding most recent two-month window of data on our machines, while archiving older data to an outside facility
1241:, said the "reaction that we're seeing now is 100% predictable ... that doesn't change anything about my opinion that the sale itself was totally reasonable, done by reasonable people, and in keeping with the concept of being good
1270:
on Digital Communication", abbreviated to "digital committee". During the mid-1980s, the committee had been meeting twice per year: during the middle of the year, and again at the annual Computer Networking conference.
7062:]. ... IPUDP ... in the process of actively getting the mirrorshades system to support this new protocol, so that IPUDP can be considered a formal gateway to which mirrorshades will route direct to as it does with
6120:
Kantor, Brian; Meyer, Marianna (17 May 2019). Non-binding Memorandum of Understanding between the Regents of the University of California, San Diego and Amateur Radio Digital Communications (contract). pp. 1‒4.
6667:, ... The Digital Committee has no desire to force a protocol upon any group. ... period of experimentation, during which both datagrams and virtual circuits would be implemented and tested. ... decided to use the
7690:
1274:
In September 1987, the committee recommended the list of frequencies that would be used in North America for packet radio and digital communications. In January 1988, the committee held a meeting to standardise
6461:
3124:
research, we provided access to this sensitive data – real-time traffic destined for blackhole address space ... The UCSD Network Telescope consists of a large piece of globally announced IPv4 address space
7756:, Dienste und Endgeräte zu anderen Adressen migriert werden. Die deutsche HAMNET-Koordination arbeitet bereits intensiv an der Planung dieser großen Umzugsmaßnahme. Auf der diesjährigen HAMNET-Tagung in
1216:
4204:. ... also called darknets, passively collect unsolicited traffic ... the mean (maximum per attack) rate observed at the telescope is 226 packets per second – corresponding to an estimate of almost 60k
3014:
all traffic on this link to the UCSD-NT capture server, which filters away traffic to utilized addresses and then captures and compresses the remainder (i.e., traffic to all unassigned addresses in the
356:
Geographically dispersed radio subnets can be connected using an IP tunnel between sites with Internet connectivity. Many of these sites also have a tunnel to a central router, which routes between the
342:. Since it is based on IP, the AMPRNet supports the same transport and application protocols as the rest of the Internet, though there are regulatory restrictions on encryption and third-party traffic.
4248:
for support of the UCSD Network Telescope Project. Rapid coordination of all of these folks in the face of a network crisis, along with an equally rapid and incredibly generous equipment donation from
6187:
extremely generous donation of $ 1.6M by Amateur Radio Digital Communications (ARDC) as well as donations and support from you - our alumni, members of the MIT community, and friends of amateur radio.
2133:
and (verbally with) Mike Chepponis, all of whom have encouraged that it be used. ... Bit 8 to be 0 for USA stations and 1 for non-USA stations. ... meant to provide a very quick means for segregating
4082:
facility where we archive our historical UCSD Network Telescope (darknet) data. As of the end of 2012, we have used approximately 105TB of this allocation. ... Data Capture Server: Telescope Data:
207:
for research purposes. By 2016, the European-based High-speed Amateur-radio Multimedia NETwork (HAMNET) offered a multi-megabit Internet Protocol network with 4,000 nodes, covering central Europe.
7744:
Die eingenommenen "some millions of dollars" sollen einer gemeinnützigen ... Im verkauften Bereich ist unter anderem das deutsche HAMNET beheimatet. In unmittelbarer Konsequenz funktioniert die
4973:
782:
under a University Research Board (URB) grant. The project was funded by an Advanced Networking Infrastructure and Research (ANIR) award, and Computer and Network Systems (CNS) award from the
7109:
3950:
interfaces ... (restricted access) Raw telescope traces ... Technical support of Network Telescope at UCSD: Brian Kantor, Jim Madden, and Pat Wilson; Support for this work was provided by:
5548:
2949:
In operation since 2001, the [UCSD-NT ... In 2011 we enhanced the Telescope instrumentation to enable access to raw and live telescope traffic data ... over 100 publications – without
6903:
4325:
Award Number: 1059439; Start Date: ; End Date: (Estimated); Awarded Amount to Date: $ 532,000.00; Investigator(s): Kimberly Claffy ... caida.org (Principal Investigator); Sponsor:
1936:
One rough estimate is the number of Internet addresses that have been assigned from the "network 44" block for amateur packet radio: about 1,000 amateurs in several dozen countries.
290:
for this reason. One approach for 1,200/9,600-baud VHF/UHF operation emerged as TCP/IP over ROSE (Radio Amateur Telecommunications Society "RATS" Open Systems Environment, based on
6284:
6262:
6095:... Article II ... purposes for which this corporation is formed are exclusively charitable, scientific, and educational ... declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the
7354:
limited provision to allow packets addressed to AMPRNet gateways to be forwarded one-way from the Internet ... supports an academic cybersecurity research project (funded by the
2292:
address space ... All amateur addresses assigned by IP coordinators are sent to a host at the University of California at San Diego called 'mirrorshades.ucsd.edu' ... acts as a
4284:... provision to allow packets addressed to AMPRNet gateways to be forwarded one-way from the Internet, ... supports an academic cybersecurity research project (funded by the
375:
As of October 2011 experimentation had moved beyond these centrally controlled static solutions, to dynamic configurations provided by Peer to Peer VPN systems such as
6964:
encapsulation of AX.25 (the Amateur Packet-Radio Link-Layer Protocol) frames within IP packets. ... AX.25 Amateur Packet-Radio Link-Layer Protocol Version 2.0 October 1984.
7600:... darkspace monitor uses an IP network address range that is announced to the Internet but has nearly no actual hosts attached. The resulting darkspace traffic data is
3136:
segment). This address space contains almost no legitimate hosts, so inbound traffic to non-existent machines is unsolicited, and anomalous in some way. ... We collected
982:
allocation for amateur radio was made in the 1970s, and recorded in September 1981, which consisted of ~16 million IP addresses. As of 18 July 2019, the lower 75% of the
8184:
2188:
as part of a long-running Internet research project. ... selective gateway between non-AMPRNet internet devices and the IPIP (mesh) AMPRNet. ... filters at the per-host(
7694:
17:
5982:
Filed ... California Corporate Number: C3421515 ... Chief Executive Officer: Brian Kantor ... Secretary: Erin Kenneally ... Chief Financial Officer: Kimberly Claffy
3828:
collection, storage and anonymization of data. ...during August 2001, collecting only packet header data for Code-Red probes to our network telescope resulted in 0.5
7721:
Leider ist der vom HAMNET in Deutschland genutzte IP-Adressbereich von der Verkleinerung betroffen, ... jedes einzelne Gerät wird eine neue Adresse bekommen müssen.
7488:
2957:
have used UCSD-NT traffic data ... Figure 2 illustrates our current packet capture infrastructure. The UCSD-NT observes traffic reaching the unused portion of a
4721:
3086:
1282:
During early 1993 the committee and ARRL board of directors were working on guidelines for semi-automatic digital stations, with the proposals passed to the
3202:
2180:
Those hams who wish to join an existing radio subnet may receive one or more addresses from within the block allocated to the subnet they wish to join. ...
8179:
7184:
of his own design. ... formed the Pacific Packet Radio Society (PPRS). At the same time, AMRAD, the Amateur Radio Research and Development Corporation, in
4168:
4079:
4036:
3142:
897:
6543:
5937:
California Corporate Number: C3421515 ... Chief Executive Officer: Brian Kantor ... Secretary: Erin Kenneally ... Chief Financial Officer: Kimberly Claffy
4844:
4797:
6515:
6483:
6104:
5961:
5916:
5842:
4511:
3967:
3886:
3863:
2603:
4977:
7625:
7615:
network with 2 darkspace addresses, which corresponds to 1/256 part of the whole IPv4 Internet. Access to such a large IP darkspace is rare, because
5343:
2681:
1949:
1558:, foundations and other organizations. [...] expected to commence in 2013 via a joint effort of the three founding Directors [...]".
6694:
1731:
1647:
809:
Both "Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis" (CAIDA) and "Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis" (CAIDA) appear in academic texts.
7449:
7118:
7876:
7785:
5827:
4620:
3523:
1230:
stated after the sale of IP address space that "ampr.org can make better use of money than IP space in fulfilling its nonprofit mission, at this
3890:
5619:
3026:
subnet) to files on disk. Every hour these files are transferred to a storage server that holds a sliding window of the last two months of raw
7710:
2880:
Network (2 addresses) ... three weeks of traces (February 2001) ... >12,000 attacks against >5,000 targets in a week ... Most <1,000
7018:
4469:
4289:
3959:
1772:
955:
787:
179:
By 1988, one thousand assignments of address space had been made. As of December 2009 approximately 1% of inbound traffic volume to the
3673:
network. ... on the morning of , ... midnight and 16:30 UTC on , a passive network monitor recorded headers of all packets destined for the
1484:
On 6 October 2011 a Californian non-profit company was founded with the name of "Amateur Radio Digital Communications", and recorded by the
8154:
6920:
2926:
2137:
controlled participants from non-FCC stations. ... 8 million plus addresses ought to last the US amateur population for some time to come.
7232:
6804:
1907:
4541:
4074:... acts both as the primary data server and the primary analysis machine for the UCSD Network Telescope data. ... 150 TB allocation of
8194:
8174:
8149:
7677:
7389:
7006:
6499:
Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions: Beginning of year : $ 109,130,548 End of year : $ 127,858,353 … Effective, , ARDC operates as a
6285:"Internet Archive Seeks Donations of Materials to Build a Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications | Internet Archive Blogs"
6263:"Internet Archive Seeks Donations of Materials to Build a Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications | Internet Archive Blogs"
6006:
5534:
5479:"i am ok with this. ampr.org can make better use of money than ip space in fulfilling its nonprofit mission, at this stage of the game"
5027:
4927:
4757:
7024:
2753:
1538:
on how to efficiently utilize these resources as a service to the entire Internet community" initiated "in the second half of 2012 by
7727:
7597:
6652:
6589:. Los Angeles Amateur Packet Radio Group meeting: QSL.net. Archived from the original on 26 August 1984 – via Steve Lampereur.
4476:
4429:
4351:
4237:
4002:
3996:
3988:
3963:
3716:
3629:
3597:
3542:
3078:
2423:
1727:
963:
822:
795:
647:
6464:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 4 September 2020. pp. 4, 11 – via California Register of Charities.
6135:
5067:
7365:
6068:
4069:(Report). Supporting Research and Development of Security Technologies through Network and Security Data Collection. p. 2,3.
7193:
6199:
3844:
3298:
3256:
3072:
2932:. CI-SUSTAIN: Sustainable Tools for Analysis and Research on Darknet Unsolicited Traffic (STARDUST). 10 June 2017. Archived from
282:
carried several competing higher level protocols, with TCP/IP a minority due to the complexity of the configuration and the high
7975:
6012:
4894:
4872:
1543:
1520:
1099:
1063:
registry stated that a request for the transfer of IP addresses had been received and reviewed in accordance with ARIN policy.
1060:
1625:
1613:
3421:
member (I resigned in disgust just 15 min ago), and the board has failed to inform anyone ... private little thing ... with
2206:
for a tunneled amprnet destination host, the traffic is not forwarded ... In mid-2019, we sold one quarter (abount [
8139:
6092:
6016:
2443:
4461:
4167:
Jonker, Mattijs; King, Alistair; Krupp, Johannes; Rossow, Christian; Sperotto, Anna; Dainotti, Alberto (1 November 2017).
2322:
6752:
6143:
5780:
5544:
4999:
accomplished fact, in a matter of just a few days. With more than 50 million dollars that now must be spent on promoting
4840:
4793:
4425:
4326:
4241:
4201:
4186:
3913:
3867:
3712:
3700:
3578:
3486:
3474:
3319:
3264:
3074:
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2968:
IPv4 address block (i.e., ≈16M IPv4 addresses) operated by a non-profit organization for experimental use. The telescope
2950:
2865:
How can you monitor enough of the Internet to obtain a representative sample? ... Experimental Setup: Internet; Monitor (
2816:
2710:
2677:
2635:
2625:
2611:
2583:
2427:
2185:
1578:
1238:
1067:
608:. A funding proposal in 2010 raised the possibility that "The legitimate traffic is also a potential research resource".
585:
527:
350:
71:
7730:[HAMNet conversion] (in German). Arbeitsgemeinschaft Amateurfunkfernsehen (AGAF). 14 August 2019. Archived from
1771:
of compressed trace data per day. ... The legitimate traffic is also a potential research resource, ... participates in
6500:
6045:
4396:
4342:
4104:
3909:
2328:
2036:
1755:
1566:
1496:
address. On 22 June 2012, 29 September 2015, and 18 September 2017, filings were made listing the company officers as:
931:
compressed). As of 31 December 2017, the overall total collected by the UCSD Network Telescope stood at 3.25
256:
200:
7290:
selling for half a million dollars or more, could you trust everyone who got one not to sell it to the highest bidder?
6851:
These changes have been collected by this author from various sources, and were recommended by a working group of the
6307:
2705:
For the period 01 July 2000 to 30 September 2000 ... Report #9 ... Contract N66001-98-2-8922 ... October 31, 2000 ...
8036:
8028:
7159:
7151:
6980:
implementation techniques used for many years by the Amateur Packet Radio network for joining a large mobile network,
6733:
5791:
3349:
2134:
2120:
1884:
1824:
1283:
7358:
and the Department of Homeland Security) which relies on routing to the AMPRNet address space through the forwarder.
6582:
8189:
7185:
3722:
3585:
3275:
791:
5661:
standards committee. Anyone may attend these meetings: one of them each year is held at the Networking Conference.
8088:
4713:
4390:
4075:
4039:
4013:
3912:
data (Since ); 0.75 TB/month (8 TB total) ... September 2004: Network Telescope is 1/3 of all inbound traffic to
3213:
3145:). ... For UCSD Telescope data processing and visualization, we had access to 15 dedicated compute nodes and one
7703:
7380:
of one-way traffic, ... About 30% of the packets that reached the UCSD telescope in the first half of 2011 were
6229:
5213:
4059:
8119:
8093:
7545:
5278:
5245:
4836:
4789:
4006:
3684:
research network ... we collected data through ... background level of unsolicited TCP SYN packets ... In our
3209:
3150:
2810:
2607:
2331:, after 47 years on campus. ... will continue to use the @ampr.org address for some AMPRNet and ARDC business.
2019:
651:
489:
6101:
5969:
5924:
5850:
2615:
8134:
7448:
Dainotti, Alberto; King, Alistair; Claffy, Kimberly; Papale, Ferdinando; Pescapè, Antonio (9 December 2012).
6792:
6633:
6611:
5965:
5920:
5725:
Digital Committee will be meeting in January in Washington, D.C. to consider proposals for Version 3 of the
4624:
2505:
2351:
2149:
727:
per hour. In 2002 the block was 0.4% of all internet IPv4 address space. By September 2003, traffic was 0.75
306:
260:
6032:
2125:
current IP address assignments which I have offered to coordinate. The proposed scheme has been reviewed by
1531:
network block from an individual contact, to the "Amateur Radio Digital Communications" non-profit company.
8169:
8164:
8144:
8098:
6744:
6676:
4662:
3658:
began to spread, we were collecting data in the form of a packet header trace of hosts sending unsolicited
2689:
2601:
2455:
2447:
493:
5351:
3244:
data as it is forwarded through a shared hub. ... monitored the sole ingress link into a lightly utilized
2304:, it is sent to 'mirrorshades', which looks at the address and sends it on its way to the correct gateway.
1577:
Brian Kantor died in November 2019. In February/March 2020, the Center for Networked Systems (CNS) of the
1155:
for the advancement of amateur radio. The sale raised over $ 50 million. Prior to sale, addresses in the
298:
made these solutions obsolete. The ROSE system today is maintained by the Open Source FPAC Linux project.
7848:
7673:
7355:
7143:
6877:
6871:
6852:
6846:
6813:
6207:
5812:
5754:
5722:
5686:
5654:
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4312:
4285:
4233:
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3279:
3083:
Supporting Research and Development of Security Technologies Through Network and Security Data Collection
2807:"UCSD Researchers Analyze Prevalence and Patterns of Worldwide Denial-of-Service Attacks on the Internet"
2586:
will NOT pass traffic to an IP address unless that address is associated with a hostname in the ampr.org
2528:
1916:
1738:
1695:
1263:
1262:
An Amateur Radio Digital Communications committee was formed to offer advice on digital standards to the
959:
783:
335:
152:
5234:] (in Italian). Centro Italiano Sperimentazione ed Attività Radiantistiche (CISAR). 12 December 2012
5122:
Kantor, Brian (20 May 2002). AMPRNet IP address coordinators as of 20 May 2002 (Report). Mats Peterson.
1848:
operation. ... Packet radio will be permitted to all three classes in certain parts of the 220-MHz band.
1279:
version 3. In March 1988, the "Packet Radio Frequency Recommendations" were published by the committee.
7968:
7775:. 38th ARRL and TAPR Digital Communications Conference. Detroit, Michigan (published 30 January 2020).
7601:
7588:, Austria, first implemented this laboratory in a Network Security course (NetSec-I) during the summer
7117:. TAPR and ARRL 26th Digital Communications Conference 2007 Proceedings. pp. 27‒29. Archived from
6615:
5674:"Packet Radio Frequency Recommendations of the Ad Hoc Committee on Amateur Radio Digital Communication"
3031:
2740:. ... Contract #: N66001-98-2-8922 ... Contract Period of Performance: to ; Ceiling Value: $ 6,655,449
1052:
7883:
7793:
7442:
of data every month. ... developing an extensible tool, Corsaro, to efficiently analyze data collected
4266:
7638:
5994:
5741:
5673:
4745:
4439:
3866:
monitors traffic directed toward any one of a large block of IP (Internet protocol) addresses at the
1667:
51,000 items including more than 3,300 books and magazines available via controlled digital lending.
1570:
1056:
939:
643:
196:
7852:
7427:
7337:
7214:
6862:
4577:
4472:
3618:
3393:
1776:
8124:
8013:
7656:
7181:
6837:
6764:
6668:
5888:
4525:
4182:
3924:
donates all inbound connectivity to the UCSD Network Telescope: ~$ 30,000/year ... Current Assets:
3651:
2889:
847:
764:
6048:, after 46 years on campus ... I'm CEO of a small non-profit, Amateur Radio Digital Communications
5998:
5509:
5019:
4919:
4749:
3412:
743:
was removed, increasing the number of packets reaching the network telescope. At the end of 2012,
7616:
5047:
was fully informed and consented to give up that interest ... I didn't even think twice about it.
4646:
4594:'s continuing public benefit purpose. ... The uppermost 1/4 of the former AMPRNet address space (
4521:
4032:
3478:
2980:
2435:
1555:
1535:
1174:
1014:
917:
901:
635:
224:
156:
129:
7137:
6864:
Overview of ARRL Digital Committee Proposals for Enhancing the AX.25 Protocols into Revision 2.1
5742:"Packet Radio Frequency Recommendations of the Committee on Amateur Radio Digital Communication"
1861:
1601:
1266:(ARRL) board of directors, following a meeting in 1981. The original working name was the "ARRL
857:
By July 2018, the replacement 10 Gigabit Ethernet infrastructure, using an optical splitter and
148:, and later in 1978 announced the "Amateur Digital Radio Operator's Certificate". Discussion on
7434:
7422:
5627:
4267:
Kantor, Brian; Department of Computer Science; University of California San Diego (July 2011).
4119:
3372:
2933:
2844:
1152:
943:
67:
7240:
6817:
6444:
4433:
3335:
1920:
1231:
1151:
The aspiration expressed by those involved in the sale was that money be held by a non-profit
8129:
7961:
7657:"Hams try to re-carve the amateur radio spectrum in fight over open or encoded transmissions"
6627:
6467:... In 2019, ARDC elected to sell, on a one-time basis, one quarter of its IPv4 addresses to
5657:
make decisions on what it wants to do in packet matters. It also has become the semiofficial
5595:
4515:
4219:
1879:
is to work it must have agreed standards. ... For example, do we want to look for government
469:
149:
128:
worm in July 2001. In mid-2019, part of IPv4 range was sold off for conventional use, due to
40:
7056:
traffic over the internet, or where IPIP was a protocol that saw little hinderance [
6427:
6407:
6390:
6373:
6356:
6339:
5811:
supplemental comments by The American Digital Radio Society ... a preliminary report to the
4683:
in mid-2019, a block of approximately four million consecutive AMPRNet addresses denoted as
1883:
and configure the network so that it can handle government traffic in emergencies; e.g. use
1842:
1806:
7558:
6975:
6959:
6703:
6692:; Price, Harold E.; Diersing, Robert J. (May 1985). "Packet Radio in the Amateur Service".
5821:
5482:
5456:
4304:
3785:
3430:
3406:
2904:
2773:
Brian has the new gateway box up and running and the old one has been retired (after being
2760:
2533:
the Vancouver group has found it necessary to obtain IP address assignments outside of the
2413:
2032:
1986:
1633:
1609:
1033:
639:
249:
248:
netblock of 16.7 million IP addresses for amateur radio users worldwide. This was prior to
99:
7731:
5709:
5431:
3081:(CAIDA) (22 June 2018). Rose, Fraces A.; Matyjas, John D. (eds.). Final technical report.
8:
7498:
7462:
6468:
6096:
5071:
3884:
3162:
2254:
1582:
1485:
1117:
913:
839:
825:
provided a new server for the AMPRNet gateway, in a different building. As of mid-2017 a
581:
577:
103:
36:
Antennas for High-speed Amateur-radio Multimedia Network (HamNET) in Europe, part of the
7767:
7562:
6707:
4268:
4031:
traces we have archived over the last eight years. ... On , we started the transfer via
1534:
Activities were to "conserve scarce AMPRNet Internet protocol resources, and to educate
468:
subnet for the rest of the world, available to any licensed amateur radio operator. The
8159:
7753:
7745:
7346:
7325:
7202:
6729:
6719:
6075:
5033:
either, but it was necessary ... Everyone with any arguable legal property interest in
4590:
The sale amounts to some millions of dollars, which will be used in the furtherance of
4205:
4100:
4043:
3921:
3381:
2885:
2881:
2856:
2587:
2200:
951:
826:
732:
558:
523:
485:
204:
7539:
Zseby, Tanja; Iglesias Vázquez, Félix; King, Alistair; Claffy, K. C. (February 2016).
5775:
4367:
network (1/256 of the entire IPv4 address space); 24/7 full packet traces; Archive of
3808:
2296:. This means that any time there is traffic anywhere on the Internet that starts with
7576:
7147:
7096:
7081:
7000:
6880:
Digital Committee has been evaluating enhancements and other proposals for improving
6786:
6656:
5758:
5690:
5632:
5478:
4698:
4614:
4380:
4115:
3917:
3908:
Continuously collected/archived data: 15 months of trace data (Since ); 16 months of
3753:
3517:
3345:
3341:
2499:
2345:
2143:
1888:
1551:
617:
437:
283:
121:
7920:
7417:. Building Analysis Datasets and Gathering Experience Returns for Security (BADGERS
6723:
4404:
4344:
STARDUST: Sustainable Tools for Analysis and Research on Darknet UnSolicited Traffic
2417:
996:
block (~12 million addresses) remained for amateur radio usage, with the upper 25% (
7566:
6711:
6642:
6247:
5591:
5581:
4954:
4152:
4017:
3947:
3754:"One additional aspect that is of relevance to the Internet measurement community:
3158:
3007:
2860:
2848:
1659:
1267:
1116:
address space to Amazon Technologies Inc, which was the highest bidder, for use by
736:
716:
554:
268:
63:
7882:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. pp. 1‒18. Archived from
6489:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 6 October 2021. pp. 4, 5
5444:
5217:
4510:
2819:
provided access to key network resources and clarified the local network topology.
2806:
1832:
1796:
7593:
7515:
7287:
7189:
6660:
6595:
6108:
5540:
4886:
4558:
4483:
UCSD telescope: ... 30-days (really five weeks) "live" on disk ... typically 2.9
4148:
3849:
3699:
and weekly variations. ... We would like to thank Pat Wilson and Brian Kantor of
3570:
3555:
3303:
3241:
2459:
1775:'s Protected REpository for the Defense of Infrastructure against Cyber Threats (
1489:
979:
655:
295:
232:
141:
5214:"ampr.org delega CISAR per la gestione diretta su Internet della rete 44.208/16"
334:
is now being used on nearby amateur frequencies to provide much faster links as
140:
Beginning on 1 May 1978, the Canadian authorities allowed radio amateurs on the
7300:
7296:
6945:
6763:(for "Amateur X.25") Level 2 ... expansion of the address field to include the
6521:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 25 January 2023. p. 2
6450:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 8 January 2019. p. 2.
6345:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 2 January 2013. p. 1.
5646:
4240:; CAIDA Members. Special thanks to Brian Kantor, Jim Madden, and Pat Wilson at
4170:
A Third of the Internet is Under Attack: a Macroscopic Characterization of the
4046:... April 2009 ... removal of an upstream rate limit filter on incoming packets
3103:
3011:
2815:
new technique called "backscatter analysis" ... Brian Kantor and Jim Madden of
2713:'s hosting a packet radio service for which an entire class A address segment (
2675:
905:
834:
830:
752:
616:
Beginning in February 2001, as part of backscatter research and the CAIDA/UCSD
369:
310:
287:
272:
6715:
6413:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 10 March 2017. p. 1.
6396:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 31 March 2016. p. 1.
5896:
Brian Kantor: President; Kimberly Claffy: Treasurer; Erin Kenneally: Secretary
5795:
4608:) has been ... sold to another owner ... over 12 million IPv4 addresses remain
3371:-9711092 'CAIDA: Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis,' and the
2709:
link data is also of limited use in gathering raw IP addresses, mostly due to
1759:
addresses. We separate the legitimate traffic destined to those few reachable
313:, 300 bit/s is normally used on HF, while VHF and UHF links are usually 1,200
8113:
7678:"Millions of AMPRNet Internet Addresses Sold to Fund Grants and Scholarships"
7667:
might make it harder for innovative services like New Packet Radio to emerge.
7626:"Computer Security Experts Honored for Research that Stands the Test of Time"
7580:
7308:
7173:
7100:
7077:
7014:
6996:
6591:
6433:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 1 April 2018. p. 2.
6362:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 2 April 2014. p. 1.
6136:"Amateur Radio Digital Communications Completes Turing Scholarship Endowment"
5762:
5694:
5636:
5599:
5557:
5000:
4650:
4384:
4292:) which relies on routing to the AMPRNet address space through the forwarder.
4249:
4245:
4229:
4225:
3955:
3804:
3737:
3708:
3696:
3644:
3198:
3154:
3121:
2832:
2262:
2054:
1999:
1837:
1801:
1547:
1493:
1246:
967:
947:
779:
740:
566:
228:
220:
188:
55:
7784:
Traschewski, Jann; Zimmermann, Egbert; Osterried, Thomas (2 November 2019).
7637:
Experimental backscatter collection platform from the 2001 paper honored at
7571:
7540:
6379:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 2 June 2015. p. 1.
6069:"Restated Articles of Incorporation of Amateur Radio Digital Communications"
3229:
experimental backscatter collection platform. We monitor all traffic to our
2852:
2339:
research group continuing measurement and analysis of dark networks project.
1950:"When everything else fails, amateur radio will still be there—and thriving"
391:
The allocation plan agreed in late-1986 reserved half of the address space (
8041:
7984:
7661:
7258:
7177:
6549:(Report). Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc. 2 June 2023. p. 2
6064:
5957:
5642:
5590:
Board of Directors asked the then-ARRL President Harry Dannals to form "an
4654:
4408:
3695:, this rate fluctuates between 100 and 600 hosts per two hour period, with
3554:
10:00 UTC in the morning of ... Between midnight and 16:30 UTC, a passive
3146:
2786:
2130:
1954:
1903:
145:
59:
7752:
nicht mehr. In absehbarer Zeit müssen sämtliche betroffenen Linkstrecken,
7693:. California: Registry of Charitable Trusts. pp. 1, 3. Archived from
7691:"Courtesy Notice of Sale of Assets - Amateur Radio Digital Communications"
7307:
After early experiments by Canadians ham radio amateurs, in December 1980
7040:
6308:"Archive for Amateur Radio Grows to 51,000 Items | Internet Archive Blogs"
5573:
3768:
is used by the @caidaorg internet telescope for long. The unused space in
8018:
7080:; Shannon, Colleen; Staniford, Stuart; Weaver, Nicholas (6 August 2003).
7073:
6971:
6955:
6740:
5864:
for service of process is: 001 Northwest Registered Agent, Inc. #C3184722
5615:
5553:
5300:
5183:
5125:
5085:
4424:
4305:"Award#1059439 - II-EN: A Real-Time Lens into Dark Space of the Internet"
3704:
3490:
3039:
2250:
1828:
1792:
1726:
1590:
1586:
1242:
1170:
851:
843:
673:
125:
6250:
to build the Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications (DLARC)
5376:
3577:
after 16:30 UTC. ... would like to thank Pat Wilson and Brian Kantor of
1982:
1208:
8062:
7749:
7469:
Darknet: The UCSD Network Telescope ... UCSD Network Telescope Darknet
7413:
Dainotti, Alberto; King, Alistair; Claffy, Kimberly (21 October 2012).
6200:"ARISS Receives Generous ARDC Grant for ARISS STEREO Education Project"
5474:
5402:
5312:
5195:
5137:
5097:
4658:
4141:
3733:
3593:
2954:
2662:
2550:
1978:
1880:
1760:
1562:
1227:
1186:
731:
per month and costing $ 2,500 per month for bandwidth. In October 2004
550:
346:
264:
6919:(Interview). Interviewed by Rick Booth. pp. 48‒49. Archived from
3816:
we were able to monitor the sole ingress link into a lightly-utilized
1653:
888:
of data uncompressed. In January 2012, five weeks of recent data were
600:
prefix, except for 17% of IP addresses which did not. In mid-2009 the
8072:
7312:
7254:
7036:
6899:
6800:
6689:
6680:
6672:
6651:
The datagram protocol being advanced for amateur packet radio is the
6599:
5372:
5324:
5015:
4642:
4124:
UCSD Network Telescope: As of January 2017, captures more than 1-1.5
3901:
3870:, a block so big that it makes up some 0.4% of the world's addresses.
3574:
3442:
3322:, a block so big that it makes up some 0.4% of the world's addresses.
2558:
2554:
2126:
2057:, KA6M – Circa 1981 ... Legacy assigned IP space commands a premium.
1676:
1204:
720:
695:
546:
515:
473:
405:
or ~8 million addresses) for use within United States territory and (
353:
radio links to adjacent nodes, while others are completely isolated.
330:
7941:
5286:
4023:
archival storage systems dutifully preserved and delivered the 100+
3620:
Code-Red: a case study on the spread and victims of an Internet worm
2835:(17 October 2001). "Inferring Internet Denial-of-Service Activity".
1869:. First international amateur radio computer networking conference.
892:
uncompressed. Beginning on 22 March 2012, the raw hourly compressed
7998:
7589:
7509:
7439:
7063:
5779:
Committee on Amateur Radio Digital Communications (28 March 1993).
5649:
problems ... Officially, the committee is an advisory group to the
5387:
4496:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4443:
4376:
4372:
4329:... CAIDA researchers are expanding their telescope instrumentation
4145:
4137:
4129:
4125:
4024:
3829:
3260:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3051:
3043:
2759:. Washington Experimenter's Tcp/ip NETwork (WetNET). Archived from
2643:
2439:
2203:
1876:
1768:
1764:
1212:
932:
928:
924:
909:
884:
872:
772:
728:
724:
676:
worm. Prior to July 2001, the project had been logging unsolicited
584:. During mid-2000, the majority of unique IP addresses seen on the
573:
519:
380:
314:
302:
192:
98:(a generic term) and self-administered by radio amateurs. In 2001,
75:
6781:. 1988‒1995, partial. Archived from the original on 31 March 2005.
5834:
5165:
4591:
4573:
4009:
for archiving the UCSD Network Telescope data since 2003. ... The
3438:
2573:
7585:
7381:
5494:
5460:
5308:
5191:
5179:
5133:
5093:
4989:
4697:
was ... sold to the highest qualified bidder at the then current
4520:
Users are encouraged, but not required, to include the following
4140:: total archived at NERSC ... New compute platform (Thor 2.0) 2x
4042:
facilities. ... one week's time and sustained an average of 1.52
4020:
3789:
3659:
2790:
2706:
2639:
1823:
1700:
1675:
An updated list of ARDC grants is maintained on their website at
1642:
In November 2021, ARDC awarded a five-year grant, for a total of
1182:
1178:
739:
costs of the CAIDA network telescope. In April 2009 the upstream
677:
589:
419:, the remaining ~8 million addresses) for the rest of the world.
323:
253:
7700:... In February 2019, ARDC engaged a ... Internet Address Broker
7251:– via Seattle Amateur Packet Radio mailing list (SeaTCP).
4670:
4657:; Hansen, Skip; Horne, Bill; Ricketts, John; Traschewski, Jann;
4557:
AMateur Packet Radio Network. ... in the 1970s, the entire "44"
3617:
Moore, David; Shannon, Colleen; Brown, Jeffery (November 2002).
3489:... being a board member ... can be a lucrative job. ... broken
32:
7953:
7757:
7538:
7458:
6941:
6748:
6736:
6603:
6170:
5316:
5199:
5141:
5101:
3920:; Net cost to UCSD for bandwidth: ~$ 2500/month. October 2004:
3334:
Brownlee, Nevil (31 March 2005). Dovrolis, Constantinos (ed.).
3042:... historical telescope data archive (currently approaching 1
2888:... In July , David Moore used the same technique to track the
2774:
1629:
1605:
1190:
858:
605:
216:
191:
traffic that could be routed onwards, with the remaining 2‒100
7783:
6774:
6113:
4442:
traffic ... unidirectional, unsolicited traffic ... Size 656.6
4060:
CAIDA Data Hosting and Provisioning Infrastructure for PREDICT
3640:
3368:
3283:
2561:, KA9Q, who invented Amateur Radio TCP/IP (with a lot of help)
2520:
2366:
1833:"Doc publishes details of new "no-code" "digital" certificate"
1679:
712:
IP address block was stated to have "high value to research".
8008:
8003:
7936:
7926:
7390:"April 2012 aggregate based on protocol and destination port"
7168:
6937:
6881:
6760:
6664:
6607:
5726:
5658:
5320:
5304:
5187:
5129:
5089:
3508:
3357:
3272:
3255:
network (comprising 2 distinct IP addresses, or 1/256 of the
2921:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2336:
2112:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1690:
1276:
1194:
318:
279:
5272:
5270:
5159:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5151:
5117:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5061:
5059:
5057:
5055:
3408:
2098:
553:
than was possible to forward via the "mirrorshades" central
8067:
7847:
7672:
7554:
7283:
7092:
6956:"RFC 1226: Internet Protocol Encapsulation of AX.25 Frames"
6756:
4994:
The at least $ 50M number has been confirmed by one of the
4411:
4368:
4028:
3166:
3137:
3117:
3047:
3038:, storage server) to 10 Gbit/s and we will install an
3030:
data, after which the files are transferred to an off-site
3027:
2168:
1977:
1523:
approved a request to change the registration of the whole
1488:
on 11 October 2011 with an address of "5663 Balboa Avenue,
893:
878:
768:
291:
227:, preceding the public Internet by over a decade. In 1981,
173:
7931:
7034:
4224:
The CAIDA Dataset on the Code-Red Worms was sponsored by:
3411:
Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) member (19 July 2019).
2912:
2335:(gw.ampr.org) will continue to operate ... as part of the
2234:
1713:
1200:
Centro Italiano Sperimentazione ed Attività Radiantistiche
7263:
7058:
6915:
5749:
5681:
5594:
to recommend standards for digital communications in the
5267:
5148:
5108:
5052:
4010:
3845:"Researchers focus on Net attacks with network telescope"
3726:
3654:
worm covers the spread of the worm between and . Before
3632:
3299:"Researchers focus on Net attacks with network telescope"
2407:
2405:
2208:
1779:) project, ... for annotating and indexing telescope data
604:
server was upgraded and replaced after about ~1,100 days
376:
7911:
7853:
ARRL Foundation Presents the 2020 Scholarship Recipients
7447:
7399:. The CAIDA UCSD Network Telescope Educational Dataset.
7347:"A Brief Look at Internet Networking Over Amateur Radio"
7231:
Kantor, Brian (14 January 2010). Vodall, William (ed.).
7071:
5068:"AMPRNet IP address coordinators as of 8 September 1994"
4561:... was assigned specifically for use via amateur radio.
4269:"A Brief Look at Internet Networking Over Amateur Radio"
4005:
approximately $ 40,000 per year to store. ... thank the
2686:
Predictability and Security of High Performance Networks
2416:. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017 – via
1732:
A Real-time Lens into Dark Address Space of the Internet
1169:
block had been allocated to amateur radio areas for the
938:
Users of the collected data up to 2012 are requested to
7490:
Analysis of an Internet-wide Stealth Scan from a Botnet
7451:
Analysis of an Internet-wide Stealth Scan from a Botnet
4640:
4572:
3589:
3360:
3263:
traffic ... grateful to Brian Kantor and Jim Madden of
3196:
3102:
2017 ... Grant number: FA8750-12-2-0326 ... engaged in
3035:
3034:. ... we will upgrade all connected device interfaces (
3003:
2789:
has shown an interest in perhaps using something like
7946:
7596:
from a large IP darkspace monitor at UCSD operated by
6598:
number assignment for amateur packet radio. ... thank
6230:"Amateur Radio Digital Communications Grants Continue"
5882:
5880:
5878:
5876:
5874:
5872:
4542:"Weird IP networks: Internet via birds and ham radios"
4262:
4260:
2402:
869:
The archived intermittent captures for 2001‒2008 were
7942:
Digital Library of Amateur Radio & Communications
4438:
Collection Starting ; Collection Ending . Samples of
4166:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3719:
3582:
3087:
Air Force Research Laboratory Information Directorate
1973:
1971:
1969:
1909:
More and Faster Bits: A Look At Packet Radio's Future
790:(DHS); and Network Modeling & Simulation (NMS) /
7713:[Changes to HAMNET IP addresses announced].
7316:
6619:
6058:
6056:
5987:
4967:
4965:
4733:"44.0.0.0/8" ... last: ... time: 2019-06-04T16:00:00
3418:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
2754:"More openvpn discussion - was Re: FYI - 44 Net ..."
935:(uncompressed), stored across 129,552 hourly files.
898:
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
37:
7688:
7373:. Passive and Active Network Measurement Workshop.
6904:"Future Shock: A Conversation with Phil Karn, KA9Q"
6531:"Net Assets Without Donor Restrictions: 135,676,708
6063:Kantor, Brian; Kenneally, Erin (18 December 2017).
5869:
5782:
5776:
5337:
5335:
5166:"AMPRNet IP address coordinators as of 20 Nov 2007"
4972:Kantor, Brian (31 July 2019). Economos, Ron (ed.).
4636:
4634:
4341:King, Alistair; Dainotti, Alberto (16 April 2019).
4257:
3898:
3880:
3878:
3170:... Telescope: number of files: 129552; Size: 2.85
2979:address block is announced to the Internet through
2693:(Recipient's progress status and management report)
2223:) to obtain funds to support our philanthropic arm.
1998:... AMPRNET ... Amature Radio Experiment Net ...
1941:
1654:
Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications
747:was the network telescope data capture server with
349:throughout the world. Portions of the network have
8185:Internet technology companies of the United States
7541:"Teaching Network Security With IP Darkspace Data"
7412:
7397:Analysis of Unidirectional IP Traffic to Darkspace
7164:American Standard Code for Information Interchange
7012:
6994:
5951:
5949:
5947:
5945:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5904:
5447:[The ARDC has sold a "mostly unused" block of
4512:Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis
4455:
4453:
4144:CPUs (10 core each @ 2.2 GHz). 512GB of RAM. 12x 4
4095:
4093:
4051:
3975:
3887:Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis
3802:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3573:was put into place upstream ... unable to capture
3271:and Colleen Shannon at CAIDA provided support ...
3106:from the UCSD Network Telescope (which monitors a
2830:
2757:Seattle Amateur Packet Radio mailing list (SeaTCP)
2325:. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017.
2316:
2314:
2312:
2123:. Archived from the original on 2 September 2018.
1966:
1628:amateur radio club (W1MX) to save and rebuild the
1581:(UCSD) received $ 225,000, given by ARDC to allow
6688:
6503:subject to an excise tax on net investment income
6053:
4974:"A civil discussion about the future of AMSAT-NA"
4962:
4334:
4274:. Amateur Radio Digital Communications. p. 3
4160:
4128:of compressed traffic trace data per day. ... 37
3745:
3647:
3616:
3558:recorded headers of all packets destined for the
3477:routing broke connectivity to directly connected
3267:who provided access to key network resources ...
3192:
3190:
3059:
2284:'ampr.org' amps to the addresses that lie in the
2013:
2011:
2009:
557:and back again. Only IP addresses with an active
8111:
7788:[HAMNET IP-changeover can begin]. News.
7630:
7415:Analysis of Internet-wide Probing using Darknets
7315:to broadcast data (the birth certificate of the
6695:IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
6422:
6420:
5894:(Report). Exemption Application. pp. 3, 5.
5395:
5332:
4762:ARIN did receive and process a request from the
4722:Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre
4631:
4297:
4252:, allowed the collection of this unique dataset.
4180:. Internet Measurement Conference. p. 1,7.
3875:
2682:For the period 01 July 2000 to 30 September 2000
2412:Kantor, Brian (24 May 2017). Nugent, Jay (ed.).
1648:Amateur Radio on the International Space Station
1148:, with no plans to sell any more address space.
7711:"Änderungen der HAMNET-IP-Adressen angekündigt"
6062:
6024:
5942:
5901:
5889:321515 ... Amateur Radio Digital Communications
5565:
5501:
5436:
4738:
4450:
4403:... X.0.0.0/8 Darknet ... Optical Splitter ...
4090:
3605:
3537:Moore, David; Shannon, Colleen (25 July 2001).
3530:
3400:
3203:"Inferring Internet Denial-of-Service Activity"
3157:platform that stored and processed the indexed
2669:
2358:
2309:
1853:
942:that "Support for Backscatter Datasets and the
301:The AMPRNet is connected by wireless links and
6751:was too large a step ... meeting sponsored by
6732:... One group wanted to immediately adopt the
6408:Statement of Financial Income and Expense 2016
6246:a nearly $ 900,000 award that will permit the
6236:. American Radio Relay League. 27 January 2022
5607:
4434:"CAIDA UCSD Network Telescope Traffic Samples"
3989:"Targeted Serendipity: the Search for Storage"
3337:Some Observations of Internet Stream Lifetimes
3187:
2549:router (mirrorshades) simply doesn't have the
2244:
2242:
2006:
1896:
1620:In May 2021, ARDC provided a one-off grant of
896:traces from 2003‒2012 were transferred to the
767:(DoS) each measuring ~226 packets per second (
530:. This forwarding router was originally named
7969:
6755:in October 1982, approved a modified form of
6536:
6508:
6476:
6454:
6437:
6417:
6400:
6383:
6366:
6349:
6332:
5602:, KA6M; Paul Newland, AD7I; Eric Scace, K3NA.
5220:direct management on the Internet of network
4829:
4782:
4388:
3736:, and CAIDA members. ... generous support of
1784:
1198:
1066:On 18 July 2019, the designation recorded by
788:United States Department of Homeland Security
294:CCITT standard). Within just a few years the
7716:Interessengemeinschaft Amateurfunk Osnabrück
7714:
7689:Takagi, Gene; Neo Law Group (30 July 2019).
7512:[An unexpected financial windfall!]
7048:Gone are the days where it was easy to pass
7039:; van der Grinten, Gerard (24 August 2006).
7020:Estimating Global Denial-of-Service Activity
7002:Estimating Global Denial-of-Service Activity
6855:Digital Committee which met in July of 1988.
6663:protocol proposed for amateur use is called
6128:
6015:did approve update of the registration to a
5769:
5701:
4891:ARIN Whois/Registration Data Access Protocol
4580:. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019
4350:. Workshop on Active Internet Measurements.
4340:
3536:
2658:
2654:
2650:
1678:. Information on applying for a grant is at
8180:Non-profit organizations based in San Diego
7111:The Integration of Amateur Radio and 802.11
6641:Ward, Jeffrey W., ed. (25 September 1984).
6119:
5826:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
5572:Ward, Jeffrey W., ed. (11 September 1984).
4619:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3581:for data ... Support ... provided by DARPA
3522:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3291:
3197:Moore, David; CAIDA; Voelker, Geoffrey M.;
2595:
2519:Stroh, Steve (1996). "One person's view of
2239:
2163:
2161:
2159:
1295:Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc.
1010:, ~4 million IP address) having been sold.
634:address block was being advertised via the
278:Originally the amateur link layer protocol
27:Amateur radio digital communications system
7976:
7962:
7592:of 2014, with a class of 41 students. ...
7172:, for Amateur Radio. ... in December 1980
6839:Proposed AX.25 Level 2 Version 2.0 Changes
6779:Ancient TCP-group discussion list archives
5734:
5707:
5666:
5641:I said the ARRL was doing good things for
5013:
4995:
4400:
3327:
2566:
2512:
2096:
1981:; Network Working Group (September 1981).
1817:
1737:(Report). pp. 1, 2, 6. Archived from
1561:During December 2017 Kantor announced his
1217:Highspeed Amateur-radio Multimedia NETwork
1084:Amateur Radio Digital Communications" to "
18:Amateur Radio Digital Communications, Inc.
7570:
7426:
7377:
7261:have volunteered to adminstrate [
6936:Phil Karn and his friends see a day when
6653:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
6647:Gateway: The ARRL Packet-Radio Newsletter
6305:
6019:at the request of the registered contact.
5719:. Vol. 12, no. 12. p. 14.
5578:Gateway: The ARRL Packet-Radio Newsletter
5348:hosts.net for all known AMPRNET addresses
5279:"AMPRNet IP address coordinators as of 9
4430:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
4352:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
4238:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
4220:"The CAIDA Dataset on the Code-Red Worms"
4171:
4057:
3997:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
3986:
3717:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
3630:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
3543:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
3511:from the community it was meant to serve.
3079:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
2987:, which forwards all the traffic for the
2118:
2039:was shut off, IP turned on. ... Hams get
1728:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
1546:(ARIN)". Plans included "the issuance of
1055:stopped being advertised on 4 June 2019.
912:took one week at a sustained rate of 1.5
823:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
796:Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
680:packets destined for IP addresses within
648:Center for Applied Internet Data Analysis
646:and backscatter collection, based in the
611:
386:
7766:Estévez, Daniel (20–22 September 2019).
7507:
7486:
7363:
7295:
7107:
4701:... leaves some twelve million addresses
4290:Deparment [sic] of Homeland Security
3809:"Quantitative Network Security Analysis"
3751:
3539:"The Spread of the Code-Red Worm (CRv2)"
3333:
3165:, stored them in one-hour long files in
2618:
2156:
1947:
1646:, to support US-based activities around
1600:
1289:
1102:". On 18 July 2019, there was a sale of
500:Since the 1990s most packets within the
484:
275:was the "Amateur Radio Experiment Net".
31:
7921:Official UCSD Network Telescope website
7765:
7654:
7282:auctioning off parts of the network on
7194:Tucson Amateur Packet Radio Corporation
7030:on 16 October 2020 – via Youtube.
7007:North American Network Operators' Group
6970:Simpson, William Allen (October 1995).
6969:
6007:North American Network Operators' Group
5574:"ARRL Digital Communications Committee"
5535:North American Network Operators' Group
5028:North American Network Operators' Group
4928:North American Network Operators' Group
4758:North American Network Operators' Group
4539:
4460:Claffy, Kimberly C. (17 January 2012).
4418:
3434:
3426:
3268:
2999:
2777:for something like 1100 days). ... new
2397:. It is the Internet-to-AMPRNet router.
2382:
2332:
2212:] 4 million) of those addresses (a
2181:
1859:
1790:
763:network was receiving backscatter from
694:; and after 19 July 2001 full incoming
539:
345:The AMPRNet is composed of a series of
14:
8112:
7806:Umzug von IP-Adressen aus dem Bereich
7708:
7623:
7604:... collected at UCSD using an entire
7367:One-way Traffic Monitoring with iatmon
7344:
7230:
6953:
6870:. 7th Computer Networking Conference.
6845:. 7th Computer Networking Conference.
6812:. 7th Computer Networking Conference.
6580:
6168:
6030:
5993:
5955:
5914:
5886:
5710:"Tidbits from the current events file"
5507:
5442:
5341:
5276:
5163:
5121:
5065:
4971:
4895:American Registry for Internet Numbers
4744:
4459:
4436:. North Carolina: IMPACT Cyber Trust.
4099:
2751:
2485:' in the name), [...] address
2411:
2364:
2320:
2248:
2027:IPv6 In Amateur Radio HamWAN Tampa Bay
2017:
1915:. 7th Computer Networking Conference.
1902:
1544:American Registry for Internet Numbers
1521:American Registry for Internet Numbers
1061:American Registry for Internet Numbers
829:configuration was in use, involving a
514:range were arranged to transit via an
480:
472:and assigning of addresses is done by
7957:
7874:
7487:Dainotti, Alberto (9 December 2012).
7403:# CORSARO_INTERVAL_START 0 1333238400
6860:
6772:
5840:
5613:
5473:
5262:for a period of five years beginning
5248:delegated) Subnet: ... address block
4917:
4516:"CAIDA Backscatter Data Request Form"
4185:... backscatter packets reaching the
3868:University of California at San Diego
3628:Support for this work is provided by
3356:Support for this work is provided by
3320:University of California at San Diego
3120:darknet) ... To help further advance
2804:
2518:
2119:Linstruth, Wally (12 November 1986).
1626:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
572:By 19 August 1999 daily encapsulated
210:
7786:"HAMNET IP-Umstellung kann beginnen"
7760:soll ein Konzept vorgestellt werden.
7617:IPv4 addresses are a scarce resource
7406:0.0.0.0|44.0.0.0|0|0|0|0|0x00|0,3443
6898:
6799:
6640:
6445:Statement of Financial Position 2018
6428:Statement of Financial Position 2017
6391:Statement of Financial Position 2015
6374:Statement of Financial Position 2014
6357:Statement of Financial Position 2013
6340:Statement of Financial Position 2012
6093:nonprofit public benefit corporation
5964:(Report). Statement of Information.
5962:Amateur Radio Digital Communications
5919:(Report). Statement of Information.
5917:Amateur Radio Digital Communications
5639:– via American Radio History.
5580:. Vol. 1, no. 3. pp.
5571:
4824:Amateur Radio Digital Communications
4540:Lunduke, Bryan (29 September 2017).
4189:Network Telescope, a largely-unused
4058:Polterock, Josh (21 December 2012).
3993:According to the Best Available Data
3814:. Project Summary. p. 6,16,17.
3803:Moore, David; Voelker, Geoffrey M.;
3482:
3422:
3174:; On-disk size (compressed), : 1.30
2837:ACM Transactions on Computer Systems
2831:Voelker, Geoffrey M.; Moore, David;
2676:Claffy, Kimberly; Gehrke, Lynnelle;
2582:Note that the main tunnel router at
2430:have come up with a new machine for
2414:"Good News! and some changes coming"
2268:Amateur addresses always start with
1860:Rinaldo, Paul L. (16 October 1981).
1791:Rouleau, Robert T. (December 1978).
1670:
1539:
1515:Treasurer or Chief Financial Officer
1503:President or Chief Executive Officer
1257:
1120:. AMPRNet subsequently consisted of
715:Capture data for August 2001, using
96:Amateur Radio Digital Communications
8155:University of California, San Diego
6835:
6144:University of California, San Diego
5956:Kantor, Brian (18 September 2017).
5915:Kantor, Brian (25 September 2015).
5364:Revised as of 11 December 1987 ...
4841:Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
4794:Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
4576:Board of Directors (18 July 2019).
4491:uncompressed ... current: - : 102
4379:per month ... Data from additional
3946:network (Winter 2004) ... Separate
2781:now supports additional protocols (
2678:University of California, San Diego
2184:is a server run by Brian Kantor at
2085:is worth >100M USD now! ... 2016
1579:University of California, San Diego
1239:Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
1068:Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
672:traffic recorded the spread of the
586:University of California, San Diego
528:University of California, San Diego
368:and the rest of the Internet using
124:began, recording the spread of the
72:amateur radio frequency allocations
62:and digital communications between
24:
7508:Ferracci, Laurent (1 April 2013).
7176:, KA6M, put a digital repeater on
7108:Mitchell, Roderick D. (May 2007).
6816:. pp. 115‒121. Archived from
6767:of both the source and destination
6618:as network number 044.xxx.xxx.xxx
6583:"Packet Radio Networking Proposal"
6568:
6031:Kantor, Brian (7 September 2017).
5794:. pp. 2, 7, 8. Archived from
5708:Williamson, Paul (December 1987).
5342:Kantor, Brian (11 December 1987).
5164:Kantor, Brian (20 November 2007).
5066:Kantor, Brian (8 September 1994).
4953:; NetName: AT-88-Z; Organization:
4906:Address: Amazon Web Services, Inc.
4837:"IANA IPv4 Address Space Registry"
4790:"IANA IPv4 Address Space Registry"
4714:"RIS First-Last-Seen (44.0.0.0/8)"
4327:University of California-San Diego
4230:US Department of Homeland Security
4202:University of California San Diego
4067:Hosting Infrastructure Description
3782:is thus of high value to research"
3752:Hohlfeld, Oliver (20 July 2019).
3075:University of California San Diego
2728:
2612:University of California San Diego
2321:Kantor, Brian (16 December 2017).
1961:owns 16 million IPV4 addresses ...
1567:University of California San Diego
956:US Department of Homeland Security
900:(NERSC) for long-term storage and
496:, and CAIDA/UCSD network telescope
215:The use of the Internet protocols
201:University of California San Diego
50:(AMateur Packet Radio Network) or
25:
8206:
8195:2017 establishments in California
8175:2011 establishments in California
8150:2001 establishments in California
7903:
7510:"Une manne financière inespérée!"
7160:Federal Communications Commission
6861:Scace, Eric L. (1 October 1988).
5792:Federal Communications Commission
5614:Price, Harold E. (October 1986).
5327:(Highspeed AMateur-radio NETwork)
4847:from the original on 20 July 2019
3626:. Internet Measurement Workshop.
3363:Contract darpa N66001-01-1-8909,
3259:). ... configured to capture all
3095:
2642:. ... Protocol Breakdown ‒ 1 day
2628:Internet Measurement Conference.
2249:Sloman, Jeffrey (February 1994).
2018:Fields, Bryan (13 October 2017).
1948:Goodwins, Rupert (19 June 2016).
1825:Canadian Amateur Radio Federation
1284:Federal Communications Commission
1237:Doug Barton, a former manager of
286:. Very few systems operated over
199:being diverted and logged by the
176:addresses followed subsequently.
7983:
7655:Claburn, Thomas (5 April 2019).
7017:; Voelker, Geoff (21 May 2001).
6999:; Voelker, Geoff (21 May 2001).
6581:Kantor, Brian (24 August 1984).
6544:Statements of Financial Position
6516:Statements of Financial Position
6484:Statements of Financial Position
6299:
6011:In the case of AMRPNET, in 2011
5443:Herzig, Gerrit (20 July 2019).
4918:Abbas, Majdi S. (19 July 2019).
4800:from the original on 7 July 2019
4133:
4112:DHS IMPACT Project: CAIDA update
3987:Polterock, Josh (4 April 2012).
3832:of compressed raw data per hour.
3441:and Network Telescope getting a
3099:
3054:per month) ... As of end of 2016
3000:non-profit organization's router
2469:' as the current one on address
1596:
1215:, plus the Germany/pan-European
792:Next Generation Internet Program
263:(TCP). The initial name used by
7875:Wolfe, Rosy (6 February 2021).
7869:scholarships awarded $ 287,300.
7624:Ramsey, Doug (17 August 2017).
7586:Vienna University of Technology
6602:, KA9Q for his suggestion that
6277:
6255:
6222:
6192:
6162:
5467:
5323:CisarNet ... 44.224/15 Germany
5206:
5007:
4911:
4879:
4706:
4566:
4533:
4504:
4212:
4105:Data Collection Infrastructures
3837:
3796:
2824:
2798:
2745:
2732:begin with a number other than
2646:
2531:Corporation. p. 24,26,27.
2442:, and more memory. It also has
2422:Good News! Our friends in the
2228:
923:For the 2012‒2017 period, 2.85
861:capture card, was operational.
803:
7546:IEEE Transactions on Education
7364:Brownlee, Nevil (March 2012).
7302:8. The Entrepreneurs (1976-80)
6972:"RFC 1853: IP in IP Tunneling"
6157:unexpectedly in November 2019.
5887:Kantor, Brian (22 June 2012).
5689:. September 1987. p. 54.
5277:Kantor, Brian (9 April 2012).
5244:"License for Directly Routed (
5070:. David Calder. Archived from
4957:(AT-88-Z); RegDate: 2019-07-18
4356:Globally routed, lightly used
4007:San Diego Supercomputer Center
3212:. p. 5,13. Archived from
3210:San Diego Supercomputer Center
3073:Claffy, K.; Fomenkov, Marina;
2811:San Diego Supercomputer Center
2608:San Diego Supercomputer Center
2450:, although unlike the current
2276:. This is the address for the
2090:
652:San Diego Supercomputer Center
490:San Diego Supercomputer Center
372:tables updated by volunteers.
317:to 9,600 bit/s. Mass-produced
13:
1:
7937:Amateur Packet Radio Gateways
7709:Prause, Nils (30 July 2019).
6836:Fox, Terry (1 October 1988).
6747:frames. ... Others felt that
6675:computer, modified to use an
6306:kaysavetz (24 January 2023).
6017:public benefit not-for-profit
5966:California Secretary of State
5921:California Secretary of State
5547:in the early 2000s, I held a
5508:Barton, Doug (27 July 2019).
5299:44.192/24 Roaming ... 44.193
5280:
4440:Internet Background Radiation
2365:Kantor, Brian (27 May 2017).
1871:Amateur Packet Network Agenda
1797:"The Packet Radio Revolution"
1706:
1616:saved by ARDC support in 2021
1252:
973:
881:captures from 2008‒2012 were
261:Transmission Control Protocol
8099:Encoder receiver transmitter
7418:
7233:"44 net - some explanations"
6612:Defense Communication Agency
6325:
6140:Center for Networked Systems
6091:Filed ... corporation is a
5631:. No. 313. p. 62.
5584:–2 – via Archive.org.
4857:Last Updated 2019-07-18 ...
4810:Last Updated 2019-07-02 ...
4399:, Brazil ... Internet ... 10
3891:"The UCSD Network Telescope"
3257:total Internet address space
3178:; Uncompressed size, : 3.25
3104:collecting packet-level data
2953:co-authors ... At least six
2866:
2805:Moore, David (21 May 2001).
2793:if there is enough interest.
2752:Koster, Ken (13 July 2009).
2663:Thu Aug 19 13:52:15 1999 PDT
2553:necessary to keep up with a
2434:, [...] with faster
2266:. No. 401. p. 72.
2199:) level. ... If there is no
1593:and honouring Brian Kantor.
1303:US$ , assets at end of year
1222:
846:, in order to provide finer
7:
8140:Amateur radio organizations
7849:American Radio Relay League
7792:(in German). Archived from
7674:American Radio Relay League
7356:National Science Foundation
7345:Kantor, Brian (July 2011).
7144:American Radio Relay League
7089:IEEE Security & Privacy
7023:. TeamNANOG. Archived from
6948:, you're missing something.
6876:A working group within the
6872:American Radio Relay League
6847:American Radio Relay League
6814:American Radio Relay League
6649:. Vol. 1, no. 4.
6208:American Radio Relay League
6169:Hooper, Milo (7 May 2021).
5755:American Radio Relay League
5687:American Radio Relay League
4887:"Network: NET-44-192-0-0-1"
4718:Routing Information Service
4313:National Science Foundation
4286:National Science Foundation
4234:National Science Foundation
3278:Contract N66001-98-2-8922,
2727:) is allocated, a total of
2529:Tucson Amateur Packet Radio
2458:. ... new building ... the
2071:is one of these blocks ...
1917:American Radio Relay League
1696:High-speed multimedia radio
1684:
1492:432, San Diego, California—
1264:American Radio Relay League
960:National Science Foundation
927:of data was collected (1.3
864:
784:National Science Foundation
771:peak average) totalling 37
492:, host of AMPRNet internet
135:
10:
8211:
7311:set up in San Francisco a
6954:Kantor, Brian (May 1991).
6616:Network Information Center
6559:"Total assets: 107,895,897
6171:"Update on Radome Project"
5781:Preliminary Report to the
5757:. March 1988. p. 51.
5729:Level 2 protocol standard.
5459:) (in German) – via
4375:currently, growing by ~30
4371:data back to 2003; ... ~2
3650:Grant ... analysis of the
3161:. ... after stripping the
2541:address space because the
1053:routing prefix aggregation
620:project, the whole of the
477:visit the AMPRNet Portal.
259:(NCP) was replaced by the
252:(1 January 1983) when the
8081:
8050:
8027:
7991:
7639:USENIX Security Symposium
7139:Packet Radio Fundamentals
7082:"Inside the Slammer Worm"
6806:Amateur TCP/IP: An Update
6791:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
6716:10.1109/JSAC.1985.1146214
6643:"Packet-Radio networking"
6632:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
5843:Articles of Incorporation
5586:At a meeting in 1981 the
4462:Data collection - passive
4407:... DAG Capture Card ...
4389:
4183:Denial-of-Service attacks
3916:; Inbound traffic drives
3344:: Springer. p. 277.
2504:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2350:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2148:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1571:articles of incorporation
1468:
1454:
1440:
1426:
1409:
1392:
1375:
1358:
1341:
1324:
1307:
1302:
1299:
765:Denial-of-Service attacks
644:Internet background noise
197:Internet background noise
94:was provided in 1981 for
8014:Terminal node controller
7840:
7223:
7162:approved the use of the
6987:
6891:
6765:amateur radio call signs
6669:"C" programming language
6610:... registered with the
6596:Class-A internet network
6573:
6469:a large internet company
5849:(Report). Archived from
5620:"ARRL Digital Committee"
5216:[ampr.org delegates
4955:Amazon Technologies Inc.
4623:) CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4200:network operated by the
3906:: 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 23.
3635:Grant N66001-01-1-8909,
3437:being a board member of
3089:. pp. iii, 2, 3, 7.
2884:, but some over 600,000
2869:big disk) ... Quiescent
2688:(Report). Archived from
2255:"Packet & Computers"
1556:educational institutions
1542:via communications with
778:Support was supplied by
755:access. As of 2016, the
698:logging took place. The
522:encapsulation to/from a
257:Network Control Protocol
8190:Amateur radio companies
7866:– via ARDC, Inc.
7647:
7572:10.1109/TE.2015.2417512
6946:seen 56 kbit/s transfer
6773:Kloth, Ralf D. (1988).
6594:, KA6M, has obtained a
6587:Net.ham-radio Newsgroup
3918:95th percentile charges
3481:subnets for years. ...
3459:direct at no cost. ...
3050:, and increasing at ≈36
2853:10.1145/1132026.1132027
2099:"Linux FPAC mini-HOWTO"
1767:up to and exceeding 100
1203:(CisarNet) Germany for
1175:amateur radio satellite
1015:IPv4 address exhaustion
918:Energy Sciences Network
902:research data archiving
816:
636:border gateway protocol
440:(IP) addresses are the
436:in 2019, the remaining
187:network was legitimate
157:Internet protocol suite
130:IPv4 address exhaustion
68:amateur radio operators
7858:(Report). pp. 1‒3
7769:IPV6 for Amateur Radio
7715:
7146:. 2008. pp. 2‒4.
6944:. ... If you've never
6940:gives way entirely to
5721:A subcommittee of the
5628:73 Amateur Radio Today
4578:"AMPRNet Address Sale"
4078:tape resources at the
4001:104.66 TiB would cost
3569:research network. ...
3407:Fields, Bryan; Former
3373:University of Auckland
3010:. The upstream switch
2845:University of Virginia
2525:Packet Status Register
2467:amprgw.sysnet.ucsd.edu
2263:73 Amateur Radio Today
1838:73 Amateur Radio Today
1802:73 Amateur Radio Today
1617:
1569:. Re-stated (changed)
1199:
1153:501(c)(3) organization
970:, and CAIDA Members."
944:UCSD Network Telescope
654:. On 15 July 2001 the
612:UCSD Network Telescope
497:
387:Address administration
144:(220 MHz) to use
43:
8120:Digital amateur radio
7746:Reverse-DNS-Auflösung
7633:San Diego News Center
6040:alt.sysadmin.recovery
5596:Amateur Radio Service
4481:(Report). p. 5.
4391:Politecnico di Torino
3935:network (Fall 2001);
1989:790. pp. 1, 14.
1658:In January 2022, the
1604:
1290:Non-profit transition
1031:block was worth over
735:began to sponsor the
545:By 1996 higher-speed
532:mirrorshades.ucsd.edu
488:
470:IP address management
150:digital communication
41:wireless mesh network
35:
8135:Network architecture
7494:(presentation video)
6976:Request for Comments
6960:Request for Comments
6606:could run on top of
6462:Financial Statements
6107:24 July 2021 at the
5020:"44.192.0.0/10 sale"
4244:and Barry Greene at
3889:(22 November 2004).
3431:conflict of interest
3242:passively monitoring
2465:... Instead of ... '
2460:gateway will have a
1987:Request for Comments
1662:received a grant of
549:briefly had greater
454:for USA subnets and
305:tunnels. Due to the
8170:La Jolla, San Diego
8165:Cyberinfrastructure
8145:1981 establishments
8051:TCP/IP packet radio
7889:on 19 February 2021
7851:(13 October 2020).
7796:on 21 February 2020
7728:"HAMNET-Umstellung"
7682:News & Features
7563:2016ITEdu..59....1Z
7237:44 net mailing list
7124:on 22 November 2020
7046:. p. 106,107.
6926:on 22 November 2020
6708:1985IJSAC...3..431K
6097:State of California
5801:on 18 November 2019
4222:. 31 October 2013.
4132:: last full month (
4103:(7 December 2017).
3807:(4 December 2002).
2985:UC San Diego router
2763:on 16 February 2015
2680:(31 October 2000).
2557:. ... being around
2454:, it won't be on a
2448:dual power supplies
1744:on 29 December 2015
1583:financial endowment
1486:State of California
1296:
1118:Amazon Web Services
914:gigabits per second
840:10 Gigabit Ethernet
719:and retaining only
638:(BGP) as a passive
582:megabits per second
578:kilobits per second
481:mirrorshades router
319:Wi-Fi access points
309:limitations of the
221:amateur (ham) radio
153:amateur radio modes
7877:2020 Annual Report
7518:report on sale of
7158:In March 1980 the
7095:. pp. 33‒39.
6803:(1 October 1988).
6730:schools of thought
6679:chip and run at 4
6501:private foundation
6003:NANOG mailing list
5785:Board of Directors
5653:board to help the
5531:NANOG mailing list
5403:"Country Networks"
5024:NANOG mailing list
4924:NANOG mailing list
4754:NANOG mailing list
4495:(compressed), 192
4206:packets per second
4016:and more recently
3922:Limelight networks
3885:Shannon, Colleen;
3219:on 5 February 2012
2602:Claffy, Kimberly;
2426:research group at
1906:(1 October 1988).
1863:Internet Standards
1634:MIT Green Building
1618:
1294:
1070:was altered from "
952:Limelight Networks
827:passive monitoring
733:Limelight Networks
656:network monitoring
580:, peaking to 0.14
565:are passed by the
561:(DNS) entry under
559:Domain Name System
498:
422:After the sale of
223:occurred early in
211:History and design
205:internet telescope
44:
8107:
8106:
7748:über öffentliche
7734:on 16 August 2019
7697:on 17 July 2020.
7665:. San Francisco.
7635:(Press release).
7044:(software manual)
6657:Internet Protocol
6210:. 3 November 2021
5847:Business Entities
5600:Henry S. Magnuski
4699:fair market value
4645:; Claffy, K. C.;
4084:seaport.caida.org
3662:packets into our
3575:IP packet headers
3473:announcement and
3342:Boston University
2927:"Project Summary"
2809:(Press release).
1889:Internet Protocol
1827:(December 1978).
1742:(Project Summary)
1671:Other ARDC grants
1552:financial support
1482:
1481:
1418:($ -7,855 equity)
1333:($ -1,584 equity)
1258:Initial committee
1232:stage of the game
821:In May 2017, the
745:seaport.caida.org
618:network telescope
576:traffic was ~100
438:Internet protocol
284:protocol overhead
250:Internet flag day
122:network telescope
64:computer networks
16:(Redirected from
8202:
7978:
7971:
7964:
7955:
7954:
7924:
7923:
7915:
7914:
7912:Official website
7898:
7896:
7894:
7888:
7881:
7871:
7865:
7863:
7857:
7835:
7832:
7831:
7828:
7825:
7818:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7803:
7801:
7780:
7774:
7762:
7741:
7739:
7723:
7718:
7702:
7685:
7676:(25 July 2019).
7669:
7642:
7632:
7620:
7613:
7612:
7609:
7574:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7529:
7526:
7523:
7504:
7502:
7495:
7484:
7481:
7480:
7477:
7474:
7466:
7456:
7444:
7433:1 hour bins, of
7430:
7420:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7394:
7393:(10MB FlowTuple)
7385:
7379:
7372:
7360:
7351:
7341:
7335:
7331:
7329:
7321:
7318:
7292:
7279:
7278:
7275:
7272:
7250:
7248:
7243:on 1 August 2019
7239:. Archived from
7218:
7212:
7208:
7206:
7198:
7133:
7131:
7129:
7123:
7116:
7104:
7086:
7068:
7054:
7053:
7045:
7031:
7029:
7010:
6982:
6966:
6950:
6933:
6931:
6925:
6908:
6886:
6869:
6857:
6844:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6822:
6811:
6796:
6790:
6782:
6769:
6739:and encapsulate
6685:
6637:
6631:
6623:
6621:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6554:
6548:
6540:
6534:
6533:
6528:
6526:
6520:
6512:
6506:
6505:
6496:
6494:
6488:
6480:
6474:
6473:
6458:
6452:
6451:
6449:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6432:
6424:
6415:
6414:
6412:
6404:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6387:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6370:
6364:
6363:
6361:
6353:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6336:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6303:
6297:
6296:
6294:
6292:
6287:. 4 October 2022
6281:
6275:
6274:
6272:
6270:
6265:. 4 October 2022
6259:
6253:
6252:
6248:Internet Archive
6243:
6241:
6226:
6220:
6219:
6217:
6215:
6196:
6190:
6189:
6184:
6182:
6175:Capital Campaign
6166:
6160:
6159:
6153:
6151:
6132:
6126:
6125:
6117:
6111:
6100:
6088:
6086:
6080:
6074:. Archived from
6073:
6060:
6051:
6050:
6037:
6028:
6022:
6021:
5997:(22 July 2019).
5991:
5985:
5984:
5979:
5977:
5968:. Archived from
5953:
5940:
5939:
5934:
5932:
5923:. Archived from
5912:
5899:
5898:
5893:
5892:(2011 Form 3500)
5884:
5867:
5866:
5860:
5858:
5838:
5832:
5831:
5825:
5817:
5808:
5806:
5800:
5789:
5784:
5778:
5773:
5767:
5766:
5746:
5738:
5732:
5731:
5714:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5678:
5670:
5664:
5663:
5624:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5592:ad hoc committee
5569:
5563:
5562:
5528:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5515:
5505:
5499:
5498:
5492:
5490:
5477:(20 July 2019).
5471:
5465:
5464:
5453:
5452:
5440:
5434:
5429:
5428:
5425:
5422:
5417:
5415:
5413:
5399:
5393:
5392:
5385:
5384:
5370:
5369:
5361:
5359:
5350:. Archived from
5339:
5330:
5329:
5296:
5294:
5289:on 14 April 2012
5285:. Archived from
5282:
5274:
5265:
5264:
5260:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5241:
5239:
5232:
5231:
5228:
5225:
5219:
5210:
5204:
5203:
5175:
5173:
5168:. Antonio Dimasi
5161:
5146:
5145:
5119:
5106:
5105:
5081:
5079:
5063:
5050:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5018:(19 July 2019).
5011:
5005:
5004:
4997:
4987:
4985:
4976:. Archived from
4969:
4960:
4959:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4936:
4934:
4915:
4909:
4908:
4903:
4901:
4883:
4877:
4876:
4871:Administered by
4869:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4854:
4852:
4843:. 18 July 2019.
4833:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4807:
4805:
4786:
4780:
4779:
4774:
4773:
4770:
4767:
4748:(19 July 2019).
4742:
4736:
4735:
4730:
4728:
4710:
4704:
4703:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4680:
4678:
4669:. Archived from
4661:(20 July 2019).
4638:
4629:
4628:
4618:
4610:
4606:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4593:
4587:
4585:
4575:
4570:
4564:
4563:
4554:
4552:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4514:(12 July 2012).
4508:
4502:
4501:
4487:compressed, 5.5
4474:
4466:
4457:
4448:
4447:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4406:
4402:
4394:
4393:
4365:
4364:
4361:
4349:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4322:
4320:
4301:
4295:
4294:
4281:
4279:
4273:
4264:
4255:
4254:
4216:
4210:
4209:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4179:
4173:
4164:
4158:
4157:
4135:
4109:
4097:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4073:
4064:
4055:
4049:
4048:
3984:
3973:
3972:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3903:
3900:
3895:
3882:
3873:
3872:
3860:
3858:
3853:. 12 August 2002
3841:
3835:
3834:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3813:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3780:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3766:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3749:
3743:
3742:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3682:
3681:
3678:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3657:
3649:
3642:
3634:
3625:
3614:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3591:
3584:
3567:
3566:
3563:
3551:
3549:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3521:
3513:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3484:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3464:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3440:
3436:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3410:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3391:
3387:
3385:
3377:
3370:
3362:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3314:
3312:
3307:. 12 August 2002
3295:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3270:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3238:
3237:
3234:
3226:
3224:
3218:
3207:
3194:
3185:
3159:time-series data
3134:
3133:
3130:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3101:
3097:
3090:
3070:
3057:
3056:
3040:optical splitter
3037:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2946:
2944:
2938:
2931:
2923:
2910:
2909:
2901:
2900:
2897:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2868:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2702:
2700:
2694:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2630:State of DeUnion
2620:
2614:(October 1999).
2599:
2593:
2592:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2547:
2546:
2539:
2538:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2503:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2468:
2453:
2433:
2419:
2409:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2389:, at IP address
2388:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2349:
2341:
2334:
2318:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2290:
2289:
2274:
2273:
2259:
2246:
2237:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2183:
2177:
2175:
2165:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2139:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2097:Bernard Pidoux.
2094:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2062:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2024:
2015:
2004:
2003:
1996:
1995:
1983:Assigned Numbers
1975:
1964:
1963:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1925:
1919:. Archived from
1914:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1868:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1751:
1749:
1743:
1736:
1730:(9 April 2010).
1724:
1665:
1660:Internet Archive
1645:
1638:
1623:
1541:
1529:
1528:
1477:
1476:
1463:
1462:
1449:
1448:
1435:
1434:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1401:($ 1,731 equity)
1387:
1386:
1385:
1384:($ 3,708 equity)
1370:
1369:
1368:
1367:($ 3,558 equity)
1353:
1352:
1351:
1350:($ 3,700 equity)
1336:
1335:
1334:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1297:
1293:
1268:Ad Hoc Committee
1202:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1098:Administered by
1096:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1037:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1001:
994:
993:
990:
987:
891:
887:
876:
810:
807:
761:
760:
750:
746:
737:internet transit
717:data compression
710:
709:
706:
703:
692:
691:
688:
685:
670:
669:
666:
663:
632:
631:
628:
625:
603:
598:
597:
588:connection from
569:for forwarding.
564:
555:reflector router
541:
537:
533:
512:
511:
508:
505:
466:
465:
462:
459:
452:
451:
448:
445:
434:
433:
430:
427:
417:
416:
413:
410:
403:
402:
399:
396:
367:
364:
363:
333:
326:
246:
245:
242:
239:
225:Internet history
185:
184:
171:
170:
167:
164:
118:
117:
114:
111:
91:
90:
87:
84:
39:
21:
8210:
8209:
8205:
8204:
8203:
8201:
8200:
8199:
8125:Mesh networking
8110:
8109:
8108:
8103:
8077:
8046:
8023:
7987:
7982:
7919:
7918:
7910:
7909:
7906:
7901:
7892:
7890:
7886:
7879:
7861:
7859:
7855:
7843:
7838:
7829:
7826:
7823:
7822:
7815:
7812:
7809:
7808:
7799:
7797:
7772:
7737:
7735:
7726:
7650:
7645:
7610:
7607:
7606:
7594:network traffic
7527:
7524:
7521:
7520:
7513:
7497:
7493:
7485:
7478:
7475:
7472:
7471:
7461:
7454:
7428:10.1.1.305.3682
7405:
7402:
7401:
7392:
7388:
7370:
7349:
7333:
7332:
7323:
7322:
7297:Scaruffi, Piero
7276:
7273:
7270:
7269:
7246:
7244:
7226:
7221:
7210:
7209:
7200:
7199:
7190:Tucson, Arizona
7154:
7136:
7127:
7125:
7121:
7114:
7084:
7051:
7050:
7043:
7035:VerDuin, Skip;
7027:
7011:
6990:
6985:
6929:
6927:
6923:
6906:
6894:
6889:
6874:. p. 150.
6867:
6842:
6826:
6824:
6823:on 22 July 2019
6820:
6809:
6784:
6783:
6690:Karn, Philip R.
6661:virtual circuit
6625:
6624:
6576:
6571:
6569:Further reading
6566:
6565:
6552:
6550:
6546:
6542:
6541:
6537:
6524:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6513:
6509:
6492:
6490:
6486:
6482:
6481:
6477:
6460:
6459:
6455:
6447:
6443:
6442:
6438:
6430:
6426:
6425:
6418:
6410:
6406:
6405:
6401:
6393:
6389:
6388:
6384:
6376:
6372:
6371:
6367:
6359:
6355:
6354:
6350:
6342:
6338:
6337:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6322:
6312:
6310:
6304:
6300:
6290:
6288:
6283:
6282:
6278:
6268:
6266:
6261:
6260:
6256:
6239:
6237:
6228:
6227:
6223:
6213:
6211:
6198:
6197:
6193:
6180:
6178:
6167:
6163:
6149:
6147:
6146:. 31 March 2020
6134:
6133:
6129:
6118:
6114:
6109:Wayback Machine
6084:
6082:
6081:on 20 July 2019
6078:
6071:
6061:
6054:
6035:
6029:
6025:
5992:
5988:
5975:
5973:
5972:on 24 July 2021
5954:
5943:
5930:
5928:
5927:on 24 July 2021
5913:
5902:
5891:
5885:
5870:
5856:
5854:
5853:on 24 July 2021
5839:
5835:
5819:
5818:
5804:
5802:
5798:
5787:
5774:
5770:
5744:
5740:
5739:
5735:
5712:
5706:
5702:
5676:
5672:
5671:
5667:
5622:
5612:
5608:
5570:
5566:
5526:
5519:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5506:
5502:
5488:
5486:
5472:
5468:
5450:
5449:
5441:
5437:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5411:
5409:
5401:
5400:
5396:
5382:
5381:
5367:
5366:
5357:
5355:
5354:on 27 July 2021
5340:
5333:
5292:
5290:
5275:
5268:
5257:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5237:
5235:
5229:
5226:
5223:
5222:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5171:
5169:
5162:
5149:
5120:
5109:
5077:
5075:
5074:on 20 July 2019
5064:
5053:
5042:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5014:Kantor, Brian;
5012:
5008:
4983:
4981:
4980:on 31 July 2021
4970:
4963:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4932:
4930:
4916:
4912:
4899:
4897:
4885:
4884:
4880:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4850:
4848:
4835:
4834:
4830:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4803:
4801:
4796:. 2 July 2019.
4788:
4787:
4783:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4743:
4739:
4726:
4724:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4692:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4676:
4674:
4673:on 19 July 2019
4641:Kantor, Brian;
4639:
4632:
4612:
4611:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4583:
4581:
4571:
4567:
4550:
4548:
4538:
4534:
4526:acknowledgments
4509:
4505:
4464:
4458:
4451:
4423:
4419:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4347:
4339:
4335:
4318:
4316:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4265:
4258:
4218:
4217:
4213:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4177:
4165:
4161:
4136:2017) ... 1162
4107:
4098:
4091:
4083:
4071:
4062:
4056:
4052:
3985:
3976:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3893:
3883:
3876:
3856:
3854:
3850:Computer Weekly
3843:
3842:
3838:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3811:
3801:
3797:
3777:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3750:
3746:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3655:
3623:
3615:
3606:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3556:network monitor
3547:
3545:
3535:
3531:
3515:
3514:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3405:
3401:
3389:
3388:
3379:
3378:
3352:
3332:
3328:
3310:
3308:
3304:Computer Weekly
3297:
3296:
3292:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3222:
3220:
3216:
3205:
3201:(17 May 2001).
3195:
3188:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3091:
3071:
3060:
3021:
3018:
3017:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2942:
2940:
2939:on 27 July 2019
2937:(telescope.dvi)
2936:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2913:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2847:: 11,12,27,28.
2829:
2825:
2803:
2799:
2782:
2778:
2766:
2764:
2750:
2746:
2735:
2734:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2698:
2696:
2695:on 23 July 2019
2692:
2674:
2670:
2600:
2596:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2535:
2527:. No. 64.
2517:
2513:
2497:
2496:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2479:amprgw.ucsd.edu
2478:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2451:
2431:
2410:
2403:
2392:
2391:
2387:amprgw.ucsd.edu
2386:
2375:
2373:
2363:
2359:
2343:
2342:
2319:
2310:
2299:
2298:
2287:
2286:
2271:
2270:
2257:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2229:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2157:
2141:
2140:
2121:"IP addressing"
2117:
2113:
2103:
2101:
2095:
2091:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2022:
2016:
2007:
1994:044.rrr.rrr.rrr
1993:
1992:
1976:
1967:
1946:
1942:
1929:
1927:
1926:on 22 July 2019
1923:
1912:
1901:
1897:
1873:. p. 1.2.
1866:
1858:
1854:
1822:
1818:
1789:
1785:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1734:
1725:
1714:
1709:
1687:
1673:
1663:
1656:
1643:
1636:
1621:
1599:
1589:in the name of
1526:
1525:
1512:Kimberly Claffy
1478:
1474:
1473:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1422:
1417:
1415:
1414:
1405:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1388:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1320:
1316:($ -842 equity)
1315:
1313:
1312:
1292:
1260:
1255:
1225:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1005:
1002:
999:
998:
991:
988:
985:
984:
980:Class A network
976:
946:is provided by
889:
882:
870:
867:
842:with a passive
819:
814:
813:
808:
804:
758:
757:
748:
744:
707:
704:
701:
700:
689:
686:
683:
682:
667:
664:
661:
660:
629:
626:
623:
622:
614:
601:
595:
594:
592:began with the
562:
535:
531:
509:
506:
503:
502:
483:
463:
460:
457:
456:
449:
446:
443:
442:
431:
428:
425:
424:
414:
411:
408:
407:
400:
397:
394:
393:
389:
361:
360:
358:
328:
322:
296:public Internet
243:
240:
237:
236:
213:
182:
181:
168:
165:
162:
161:
142:1.25-meter band
138:
115:
112:
109:
108:
88:
85:
82:
81:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8208:
8198:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8142:
8137:
8132:
8127:
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8105:
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8102:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8085:
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8075:
8070:
8065:
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8052:
8048:
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8045:
8044:
8039:
8033:
8031:
8025:
8024:
8022:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8001:
7995:
7993:
7989:
7988:
7981:
7980:
7973:
7966:
7958:
7952:
7951:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7932:AMPRNet Portal
7929:
7916:
7905:
7904:External links
7902:
7900:
7899:
7872:
7844:
7842:
7839:
7837:
7836:
7781:
7763:
7724:
7706:
7686:
7670:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7643:
7621:
7536:
7505:
7445:
7410:
7386:
7361:
7342:
7293:
7288:class-B blocks
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7219:
7192:, founded the
7186:Washington, DC
7152:
7134:
7105:
7091:. No. 3.
7078:Savage, Stefan
7072:Moore, David;
7069:
7032:
7015:Savage, Stefan
7013:Moore, David;
6997:Savage, Stefan
6995:Moore, David;
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6983:
6967:
6951:
6902:(April 1990).
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6887:
6858:
6849:. p. 58.
6833:
6797:
6770:
6759:... protocol,
6686:
6659:(IP). ... The
6638:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6535:
6507:
6475:
6453:
6436:
6416:
6399:
6382:
6365:
6348:
6330:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6298:
6276:
6254:
6221:
6191:
6161:
6127:
6112:
6052:
6044:retiring from
6023:
5986:
5941:
5900:
5868:
5833:
5768:
5733:
5700:
5665:
5647:sociopolitical
5606:
5564:
5500:
5466:
5435:
5394:
5331:
5319:... 44.208/16
5266:
5205:
5147:
5107:
5051:
5006:
4961:
4910:
4878:
4828:
4781:
4737:
4705:
4651:Magnuski, Hank
4630:
4565:
4532:
4503:
4499:(uncompressed)
4449:
4417:
4385:Merit Networks
4333:
4315:. 30 June 2011
4296:
4256:
4211:
4159:
4120:Menlo Park, CA
4089:
4072:thor.caida.org
4050:
3974:
3874:
3836:
3805:Savage, Stefan
3795:
3788:) – via
3744:
3604:
3592:programs, NSF
3529:
3485:retiring from
3419:TAC committee
3399:
3350:
3326:
3290:
3199:Savage, Stefan
3186:
3184:
3183:
3058:
3046:of compressed
2911:
2833:Savage, Stefan
2823:
2797:
2744:
2668:
2594:
2565:
2511:
2473:169.228.66.251
2401:
2357:
2327:retiring from
2308:
2280:AMPR.org; the
2238:
2235:AMPRNet Portal
2227:
2155:
2111:
2089:
2020:"IPv4 History"
2005:
1965:
1940:
1895:
1852:
1816:
1783:
1754:operating the
1711:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1686:
1683:
1672:
1669:
1655:
1652:
1632:on top of the
1610:Green Building
1598:
1595:
1585:of a student
1536:networks users
1517:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1506:Erin Kenneally
1504:
1501:
1480:
1479:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1396:
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1390:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1321:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1291:
1288:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1224:
1221:
1017:, by 2016 the
975:
972:
906:data migration
866:
863:
835:port mirroring
831:network switch
818:
815:
812:
811:
801:
800:
753:real-time data
751:used for near
749:thor.caida.org
613:
610:
526:hosted at the
482:
479:
388:
385:
370:static routing
351:point-to-point
311:radio spectrum
212:
209:
137:
134:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8207:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8176:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8141:
8138:
8136:
8133:
8131:
8128:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8086:
8084:
8080:
8074:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8055:
8053:
8049:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8034:
8032:
8030:
8026:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7996:
7994:
7990:
7986:
7979:
7974:
7972:
7967:
7965:
7960:
7959:
7956:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7922:
7917:
7913:
7908:
7907:
7885:
7878:
7873:
7870:
7854:
7850:
7846:
7845:
7834:
7833:
7819:
7795:
7791:
7787:
7782:
7779:
7771:
7770:
7764:
7761:
7759:
7755:
7751:
7747:
7733:
7729:
7725:
7722:
7717:
7712:
7707:
7705:
7701:
7696:
7692:
7687:
7683:
7679:
7675:
7671:
7668:
7664:
7663:
7658:
7653:
7652:
7641:
7640:
7634:
7627:
7622:
7619:
7618:
7614:
7603:
7602:heterogeneous
7599:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7582:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7564:
7560:
7556:
7552:
7548:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7531:
7517:
7511:
7506:
7500:
7492:
7491:
7483:
7482:
7467:. p. 3.
7464:
7460:
7453:
7452:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7436:
7429:
7424:
7416:
7411:
7408:
7398:
7391:
7387:
7384:
7383:
7369:
7368:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7352:. p. 3.
7348:
7343:
7339:
7327:
7320:
7314:
7310:
7309:Hank Magnuski
7304:
7303:
7298:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7285:
7280:
7266:
7265:
7260:
7256:
7242:
7238:
7234:
7229:
7228:
7216:
7204:
7197:
7195:
7191:
7187:
7183:
7179:
7175:
7174:Hank Magnuski
7171:
7170:
7165:
7161:
7155:
7153:9780872591226
7149:
7145:
7141:
7140:
7135:
7120:
7113:
7112:
7106:
7102:
7098:
7094:
7090:
7083:
7079:
7075:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7061:
7060:
7055:
7042:
7038:
7033:
7026:
7022:
7021:
7016:
7008:
7004:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6992:
6981:
6977:
6973:
6968:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6952:
6949:
6947:
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6939:
6922:
6918:
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6912:
6905:
6901:
6897:
6896:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6873:
6866:
6865:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6848:
6841:
6840:
6834:
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6815:
6808:
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6678:
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6670:
6666:
6662:
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6648:
6644:
6639:
6635:
6629:
6622:
6617:
6613:
6609:
6605:
6601:
6597:
6593:
6592:Hank Magnuski
6588:
6584:
6579:
6578:
6560:
6545:
6539:
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6065:Padilla, Alex
6059:
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5958:Padilla, Alex
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5048:
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5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5010:
5003:
5002:
5001:amateur radio
4991:
4979:
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4968:
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4958:
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4929:
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4914:
4907:
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4715:
4709:
4702:
4700:
4696:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4655:Garbee, Bdale
4652:
4648:
4647:Gilmore, John
4644:
4637:
4635:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4609:
4607:
4579:
4569:
4562:
4560:
4559:class A block
4547:
4546:Network World
4543:
4536:
4529:
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4523:
4517:
4513:
4507:
4500:
4498:
4494:
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4431:
4427:
4421:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4398:
4392:
4386:
4383:coming soon:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4353:
4346:
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4337:
4330:
4328:
4314:
4310:
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4270:
4263:
4261:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4226:Cisco Systems
4221:
4215:
4208:
4207:
4203:
4199:
4188:
4184:
4176:
4175:
4163:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4131:
4127:
4122:. p. 7.
4121:
4117:
4113:
4106:
4102:
4096:
4094:
4086:
4081:
4077:
4068:
4061:
4054:
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4019:
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4008:
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3998:
3994:
3990:
3983:
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3979:
3971:
3969:
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3956:Cisco Systems
3953:
3949:
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3919:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3892:
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3810:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3781:
3767:
3748:
3741:
3739:
3738:Cisco Systems
3732:
3724:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3709:Stefan Savage
3706:
3703:for data ...
3702:
3698:
3694:
3683:
3672:
3661:
3653:
3646:
3645:Cisco Systems
3638:
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3622:
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3611:
3609:
3601:
3599:
3587:
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3395:
3383:
3376:
3374:
3366:
3359:
3353:
3351:9783540319665
3347:
3343:
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3323:
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3294:
3287:
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3200:
3193:
3191:
3182:
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3177:
3173:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3155:supercomputer
3152:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3123:
3122:cybersecurity
3119:
3116:
3105:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3013:
3009:
3008:1 Gbit/s link
2997:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2967:
2956:
2952:
2935:
2928:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2916:
2908:
2906:
2905:looking glass
2902:
2891:
2890:Code Red Worm
2887:
2883:
2879:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2827:
2820:
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2812:
2808:
2801:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2776:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2739:
2726:
2712:
2708:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2540:
2530:
2526:
2515:
2507:
2501:
2494:
2492:
2489:169.228.34.84
2477:... will be '
2476:
2464:
2463:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2429:
2425:
2415:
2408:
2406:
2398:
2396:
2393:169.228.34.84
2372:
2368:
2361:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2338:
2330:
2324:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2305:
2303:
2295:
2291:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2265:
2264:
2256:
2252:
2245:
2243:
2236:
2231:
2224:
2222:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2187:
2170:
2169:"AMPRNet FAQ"
2164:
2162:
2160:
2151:
2145:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2115:
2100:
2093:
2086:
2084:
2070:
2056:
2055:Hank Magnuski
2052:
2038:
2034:
2029:. p. 6.
2028:
2021:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2002:
2001:
2000:Hank Magnuski
1997:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1922:
1918:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1904:Garbee, Bdale
1899:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1865:
1864:
1856:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1820:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1740:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1712:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1668:
1664:$ 0.9 million
1661:
1651:
1650:(ARISS-USA).
1649:
1644:$ 1.3 million
1640:
1637:(building 54)
1635:
1631:
1627:
1622:$ 1.6 million
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1597:Distributions
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1540:the President
1537:
1532:
1530:
1522:
1519:In 2011, the
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1471:
1467:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1439:
1429:
1425:
1412:
1408:
1395:
1391:
1378:
1374:
1361:
1357:
1344:
1340:
1327:
1323:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1133:
1119:
1115:
1101:
1097:
1083:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1059:, CEO of the
1058:
1054:
1051:
1035:
1030:
1016:
1011:
1009:
995:
981:
978:The original
971:
969:
968:Digital Envoy
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
948:Cisco Systems
945:
941:
936:
934:
930:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
890:5.5 terabytes
886:
880:
877:The archived
874:
862:
860:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
836:
832:
828:
824:
806:
802:
799:
797:
794:(NGI) of the
793:
789:
785:
781:
780:Cisco Systems
776:
774:
770:
766:
762:
754:
742:
741:rate limiting
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
711:
697:
693:
679:
675:
671:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
619:
609:
607:
599:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
570:
568:
567:packet filter
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
495:
491:
487:
478:
475:
471:
467:
453:
439:
435:
420:
418:
404:
384:
382:
378:
373:
371:
365:
354:
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
332:
325:
321:equipment on
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
255:
251:
247:
234:
231:obtained the
230:
229:Hank Magnuski
226:
222:
218:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
189:radio amateur
186:
177:
175:
172:
158:
154:
151:
147:
143:
133:
131:
127:
123:
119:
105:
101:
97:
93:
92:
77:
73:
70:. Like other
69:
65:
61:
57:
56:amateur radio
53:
49:
42:
34:
30:
19:
8130:Packet radio
8057:
8042:APRS Calling
7985:Packet radio
7891:. Retrieved
7884:the original
7867:
7860:. Retrieved
7821:
7820:in das Netz
7807:
7805:
7798:. Retrieved
7794:the original
7789:
7776:
7768:
7743:
7736:. Retrieved
7732:the original
7720:
7698:
7695:the original
7681:
7666:
7662:The Register
7660:
7636:
7629:
7605:
7584:
7550:
7544:
7534:(in French).
7519:
7516:April Fool's
7489:
7470:
7468:
7450:
7432:
7414:
7400:
7396:
7374:
7366:
7353:
7306:
7301:
7268:
7262:
7259:BDale Garbee
7252:
7245:. Retrieved
7241:the original
7236:
7188:... hams in
7167:
7163:
7157:
7138:
7126:. Retrieved
7119:the original
7110:
7088:
7074:Paxson, Vern
7057:
7049:
7047:
7025:the original
7019:
7001:
6979:
6963:
6935:
6928:. Retrieved
6921:the original
6914:
6910:
6875:
6863:
6850:
6838:
6825:. Retrieved
6818:the original
6805:
6778:
6743:directly in
6741:IP datagrams
6727:
6699:
6693:
6650:
6646:
6628:cite journal
6590:
6586:
6558:
6551:. Retrieved
6538:
6530:
6523:. Retrieved
6510:
6498:
6491:. Retrieved
6478:
6465:
6456:
6439:
6402:
6385:
6368:
6351:
6334:
6311:. Retrieved
6301:
6289:. Retrieved
6279:
6267:. Retrieved
6257:
6245:
6238:. Retrieved
6233:
6224:
6212:. Retrieved
6203:
6194:
6186:
6179:. Retrieved
6174:
6164:
6155:
6148:. Retrieved
6139:
6130:
6122:
6115:
6090:
6083:. Retrieved
6076:the original
6043:
6039:
6026:
6010:
6002:
5995:Curran, John
5989:
5981:
5974:. Retrieved
5970:the original
5936:
5929:. Retrieved
5925:the original
5895:
5862:
5855:. Retrieved
5851:the original
5846:
5836:
5810:
5803:. Retrieved
5796:the original
5771:
5748:
5736:
5720:
5716:
5703:
5680:
5668:
5640:
5626:
5616:Green, Wayne
5609:
5585:
5577:
5567:
5549:tech license
5538:
5530:
5511:
5503:
5493:– via
5487:. Retrieved
5475:Vixie, Paul
5469:
5448:
5438:
5418:
5410:. Retrieved
5406:
5397:
5380:
5379:-subnet ...
5365:
5363:
5356:. Retrieved
5352:the original
5347:
5298:
5291:. Retrieved
5287:the original
5249:
5243:
5236:. Retrieved
5221:
5208:
5177:
5170:. Retrieved
5123:
5083:
5076:. Retrieved
5072:the original
5034:
5031:
5023:
5009:
4993:
4988:– via
4982:. Retrieved
4978:the original
4940:
4938:
4931:. Retrieved
4923:
4913:
4905:
4898:. Retrieved
4890:
4881:
4858:
4856:
4849:. Retrieved
4831:
4811:
4809:
4802:. Retrieved
4784:
4763:
4761:
4753:
4746:Curran, John
4740:
4732:
4725:. Retrieved
4717:
4708:
4684:
4682:
4675:. Retrieved
4671:the original
4666:
4595:
4589:
4582:. Retrieved
4568:
4556:
4549:. Retrieved
4545:
4535:
4528:section: ...
4519:
4506:
4482:
4468:
4437:
4420:
4357:
4355:
4343:
4336:
4324:
4317:. Retrieved
4309:Award Search
4308:
4299:
4283:
4276:. Retrieved
4223:
4214:
4190:
4181:
4169:
4162:
4123:
4111:
4070:
4066:
4053:
4000:
3992:
3936:
3925:
3907:
3897:
3862:
3855:. Retrieved
3848:
3839:
3817:
3815:
3798:
3769:
3755:
3747:
3685:
3674:
3663:
3627:
3619:
3559:
3553:
3546:. Retrieved
3532:
3494:
3460:
3446:
3416:
3402:
3355:
3336:
3329:
3316:
3309:. Retrieved
3302:
3293:
3245:
3230:
3228:
3221:. Retrieved
3214:the original
3149:node on the
3126:
3107:
3094:
3082:
3032:tape archive
3016:
3006:) through a
2988:
2969:
2958:
2948:
2941:. Retrieved
2934:the original
2893:
2870:
2864:
2840:
2836:
2826:
2814:
2800:
2779:mirrorshades
2772:
2765:. Retrieved
2761:the original
2756:
2747:
2733:
2714:
2704:
2697:. Retrieved
2690:the original
2685:
2671:
2661:. generated
2653:; Avg: 0.01
2633:
2629:
2616:
2597:
2581:
2578:AMPRNet Wiki
2577:
2574:"Quickstart"
2568:
2542:
2534:
2532:
2524:
2514:
2486:
2470:
2461:
2421:
2390:
2381:
2374:. Retrieved
2371:AMPRNet Wiki
2370:
2360:
2326:
2323:"retirement"
2297:
2293:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2269:
2267:
2261:
2251:Green, Wayne
2230:
2213:
2207:
2189:
2179:
2172:. Retrieved
2131:Bdale Garbee
2124:
2114:
2102:. Retrieved
2092:
2072:
2058:
2040:
2035:took place,
2030:
2026:
1991:
1990:
1959:
1955:Ars Technica
1953:
1943:
1935:
1928:. Retrieved
1921:the original
1908:
1898:
1874:
1870:
1862:
1855:
1846:
1836:
1829:Green, Wayne
1819:
1810:
1800:
1793:Green, Wayne
1786:
1761:IP addresses
1753:
1746:. Retrieved
1739:the original
1674:
1657:
1641:
1619:
1576:
1560:
1533:
1524:
1518:
1500:Brian Kantor
1483:
1281:
1273:
1261:
1236:
1226:
1177:service, to
1156:
1150:
1135:
1121:
1103:
1085:
1071:
1065:
1039:
1018:
1012:
997:
983:
977:
937:
922:
868:
856:
848:timestamping
820:
805:
777:
756:
714:
699:
681:
659:
621:
615:
602:mirrorshades
593:
571:
544:
501:
499:
455:
441:
423:
421:
406:
392:
390:
374:
359:
355:
344:
339:
300:
277:
235:
214:
180:
178:
160:
155:, using the
146:packet radio
139:
107:
100:undocumented
95:
80:
79:
60:packet radio
51:
47:
45:
29:
8082:Specialized
8019:FBB (F6FBB)
7992:Traditional
7800:21 February
7334:|work=
7211:|work=
6775:"TCP-group"
5841:Anonymous.
5822:cite report
5344:"HOSTS.TXT"
5315:... 44.196
5311:... 44.195
5307:... 44.194
5301:Outer Space
5198:... 44.196
5194:... 44.195
5190:... 44.194
5184:Outer Space
5182:... 44.193
5140:... 44.196
5136:... 44.195
5132:... 44.194
5126:Outer Space
5100:... 44.196
5096:... 44.195
5092:... 44.194
5086:Outer Space
4659:Vixie, Paul
4522:attribution
4228:, Inc; The
4035:... to the
3857:10 December
3705:Vern Paxson
3493:for all of
3491:reverse DNS
3390:|work=
3240:network by
2462:new address
2104:4 September
1979:Postel, Jon
1805:. pp.
1591:Alan Turing
1587:scholarship
1494:a UPS store
1475:107,895,897
1461:135,676,708
1447:127,858,353
1433:109,130,548
1171:outer space
1057:John Curran
1036:100 million
940:acknowledge
852:packet loss
844:optical tap
786:(NSF); the
775:per month.
674:Code Red II
536:gw.ampr.org
195:per day of
126:Code Red II
66:managed by
54:is used in
8114:Categories
8063:KISS (TNC)
7824:44.148.0.0
7810:44.224.0.0
7750:DNS-Server
7037:Karn, Phil
6913:Profile!.
6900:Karn, Phil
6801:Karn, Phil
6702:(3): 431.
6525:25 January
6493:26 October
6240:2 February
6214:7 November
6181:7 November
5790:(Report).
5625:. Packet.
5421:44.224.0.0
5383:44.198.0.0
5368:44.192.0.0
5313:Antarctica
5252:44.208.0.0
5196:Antarctica
5178:44.192/24
5138:Antarctica
5098:Antarctica
5016:Karn, Phil
4943:44.192.0.0
4687:44.192.0.0
4643:Karn, Phil
4598:44.192.0.0
4381:telescopes
4142:E5-2630 v4
4114:(Report).
4101:Claffy, K.
3904:Site Visit
3729:programs,
3656:Code-Red I
3652:Code-Red I
3643:-9711092,
3085:(Report).
2955:PhD theses
2621:: protocol
2555:56K system
2551:throughput
2053:thanks to
1985:(Report).
1881:seed money
1841:. p.
1707:References
1563:retirement
1550:and other
1253:Governance
1228:Paul Vixie
1219:(HAMNET).
1187:Antarctica
1106:44.192.0.0
974:Block size
908:of 104.66
850:and avoid
721:IP headers
551:throughput
547:56k modems
534:and later
458:44.128.0.0
426:44.192.0.0
265:Jon Postel
52:Network 44
8160:E-Science
8094:FX.25 FEC
8073:Phil Karn
7778:interest.
7738:16 August
7581:0018-9359
7473:xxx.0.0.0
7455:(diagram)
7423:CiteSeerX
7336:ignored (
7326:cite book
7313:ham radio
7255:Phil Karn
7213:ignored (
7203:cite book
7101:1540-7993
6673:Xerox 820
6600:Phil Karn
6326:Financial
6313:12 August
6291:12 August
6269:12 August
6204:ARRL News
6033:"Goodbye"
5763:0033-4812
5695:0033-4812
5637:0745-080X
5377:Tuebingen
5373:Stuttgart
5358:26 August
4663:"AMPRNet"
4524:in their
4475:project:
4409:Multicast
4405:NP-Router
4395:, Italy;
4174:Ecosystem
4025:Terabytes
3429:... huge
3392:ignored (
3382:cite book
3269:kc claffy
3036:NP-router
3004:NP-router
2617:Workload
2559:Phil Karn
2446:disk and
2418:DRG-users
2127:Phil Karn
1509:Secretary
1223:Responses
1205:Stuttgart
1013:Owing to
933:petabytes
925:petabytes
920:(ESnet).
910:tebibytes
885:terabytes
873:gigabytes
798:(DARPA).
773:terabytes
729:terabytes
696:IP header
516:IP tunnel
474:volunteer
340:hinternet
307:bandwidth
7999:ALOHAnet
7893:12 April
7862:12 April
7590:semester
7382:TCP SYNs
7299:(2010).
7247:1 August
7180:using a
7178:2 meters
7041:"JNOS-2"
6787:cite web
6724:18115981
6655:(DARPA)
6553:22 April
6138:. News.
6105:Archived
5554:stewards
5388:Eppstein
4992:Forums.
4845:Archived
4798:Archived
4667:ampr.org
4615:cite web
4288:and the
3600:members.
3518:cite web
3286:-9711092
3261:Ethernet
3044:Petabyte
2892:... our
2767:1 August
2717:44.0.0.0
2657:; 0.014
2545:44.x.x.x
2537:44.x.x.x
2500:cite web
2367:"Amprgw"
2346:cite web
2288:44.x.x.x
2204:A record
2144:cite web
2033:Flag Day
1877:internet
1685:See also
1243:stewards
1213:Eppstein
1209:Tübingen
929:petabyte
916:via the
865:Archives
725:gigabyte
723:was 0.5
684:44.0.0.0
662:44.0.0.0
640:honeypot
574:IP in IP
563:ampr.org
520:IP in IP
444:44.0.0.0
381:ZeroTier
303:Internet
193:gigabyte
136:Protocol
110:44.0.0.0
104:dual-use
83:44.0.0.0
76:IP range
8089:Spartan
8058:AMPRNet
7704:Alt URL
7559:Bibcode
7557:: 1–7.
7317:AmPrnet
7128:25 July
7028:(video)
6930:27 July
6827:22 July
6704:Bibcode
6620:AMPRNET
6102:Alt URL
6085:20 July
6067:(ed.).
6036:(email)
5976:21 July
5960:(ed.).
5931:21 July
5857:21 July
5805:27 July
5618:(ed.).
5556:of the
5543:of the
5527:(email)
5495:Twitter
5489:22 July
5461:Twitter
5432:Germany
5412:21 July
5407:AMPRNet
5390:-subnet
5293:21 July
5238:26 July
5180:Roaming
5172:21 July
5124:44.193
5084:44.193
5078:21 July
4990:QRZ.com
4984:31 July
4933:19 July
4900:20 July
4851:20 July
4804:20 July
4727:20 July
4677:20 July
4584:20 July
4551:20 July
4473:PREDICT
4319:22 July
4278:21 July
4155:drives)
4027:of raw
3970:members
3790:Twitter
3697:diurnal
3660:TCP SYN
3548:22 July
3311:22 July
3223:22 July
3163:payload
3153:Gordon
3098:2012 –
3012:mirrors
2998:to the
2943:27 July
2861:3985397
2791:openvpn
2707:CERFnet
2699:23 July
2649:: 0.00
2644:IPENCAP
2640:cerfnet
2590:domain.
2521:DCC '96
2481:' (no '
2438:, more
2376:26 July
2253:(ed.).
2174:22 July
1930:22 July
1875:If the
1831:(ed.).
1812:packet.
1809:, 184.
1795:(ed.).
1777:PREDICT
1748:22 July
1701:Winlink
1624:to the
1245:of the
1183:Oceania
1179:roaming
904:. This
678:TCP SYN
650:at the
590:CERFnet
494:gateway
366:network
347:subnets
324:2.4 GHz
254:ARPANET
233:class A
203:(UCSD)
48:AMPRNet
38:AMPRNet
7947:HamWAN
7790:DB0RES
7758:Passau
7754:Router
7579:
7459:USENIX
7425:
7286:. ...
7267:]
7196:(TAPR)
7150:
7099:
6942:TCP/IP
6749:TCP/IP
6737:TCP/IP
6722:
6604:TCP/IP
6177:. W1MX
6150:22 May
5999:"44/8"
5761:
5693:
5643:packet
5635:
5539:I was
5325:HAMNET
5317:Arctic
5309:Oceana
5224:44.208
5200:Arctic
5192:Oceana
5142:Arctic
5134:Oceana
5102:Arctic
5094:Oceana
4939:CIDR:
4920:"44/8"
4750:"44/8"
4479:update
4236:; The
4232:; The
4021:SamQFS
3966:, and
3715:) ...
3639:grant
3596:, and
3571:filter
3507:. ...
3417:was a
3413:"44/8"
3367:Award
3348:
3282:grant
2859:
2785:) and
2483:sysnet
2452:amprgw
2444:RAIDed
2432:amprgw
2383:AMPRGW
2333:Amprgw
2294:router
2278:domain
2182:AmprGW
1630:radome
1606:Radome
1548:grants
1416:13,829
1191:Arctic
1189:, the
1159:44.192
1138:44.128
1134:, and
1038:. The
1000:44.192
958:, the
954:, the
859:Endace
606:uptime
540:AmprGW
524:router
518:using
409:44.128
379:, and
271:
217:TCP/IP
8009:AX.25
8004:PRNET
7927:CAIDA
7887:(PDF)
7880:(PDF)
7856:(PDF)
7841:2020s
7773:(PDF)
7598:CAIDA
7553:(1).
7371:(PDF)
7350:(PDF)
7253:both
7224:2010s
7169:ASCII
7166:, or
7122:(PDF)
7115:(PDF)
7085:(PDF)
6988:2000s
6938:AX.25
6924:(PDF)
6907:(PDF)
6892:1990s
6882:AX.25
6868:(PDF)
6843:(PDF)
6821:(PDF)
6810:(PDF)
6761:AX.25
6753:AMSAT
6720:S2CID
6665:AX.25
6608:AX.25
6574:1980s
6547:(PDF)
6519:(PDF)
6487:(PDF)
6448:(PDF)
6431:(PDF)
6411:(PDF)
6394:(PDF)
6377:(PDF)
6360:(PDF)
6343:(PDF)
6079:(PDF)
6072:(PDF)
5799:(PDF)
5788:(PDF)
5745:(PDF)
5727:AX.25
5717:Scope
5713:(PDF)
5677:(PDF)
5659:AX.25
5623:(PDF)
5558:space
5483:Tweet
5457:Tweet
5321:Italy
5305:AMSAT
5283:2012"
5218:CISAR
5188:AMSAT
5130:AMSAT
5090:AMSAT
4477:CAIDA
4465:(PDF)
4348:(PDF)
4272:(PDF)
4250:Cisco
4246:Cisco
4178:(PDF)
4108:(PDF)
4080:NERSC
4063:(PDF)
4037:NERSC
4033:ESnet
3968:CAIDA
3964:DARPA
3894:(PDF)
3864:CAIDA
3812:(PDF)
3786:Tweet
3624:(PDF)
3598:Caida
3509:theft
3483:Brian
3423:Brian
3358:DARPA
3273:DARPA
3217:(PDF)
3206:(PDF)
3143:NERSC
2983:by a
2930:(PDF)
2903:(our
2857:S2CID
2843:(2).
2787:Brian
2783:ipudp
2619:char.
2604:CAIDA
2440:cores
2424:CAIDA
2337:CAIDA
2258:(PDF)
2023:(PDF)
1924:(PDF)
1913:(PDF)
1867:(PDF)
1735:(PDF)
1691:AX.25
1565:from
1490:Suite
1469:2022
1455:2021
1441:2020
1427:2019
1410:2018
1399:2,621
1393:2017
1382:6,717
1376:2016
1365:6,567
1359:2015
1348:6,399
1342:2014
1325:2013
1308:2012
1300:Year
1277:AX.25
1247:space
1195:Italy
964:DARPA
833:with
315:bit/s
280:AX.25
120:as a
74:, an
8068:KA9Q
8037:APRS
8029:APRS
7895:2021
7864:2021
7802:2020
7740:2019
7648:2019
7577:ISSN
7555:IEEE
7499:LISA
7463:LISA
7378:GB/h
7338:help
7284:Ebay
7257:and
7249:2019
7215:help
7148:ISBN
7130:2019
7097:ISSN
7093:IEEE
7064:IPIP
6932:2019
6878:ARRL
6853:ARRL
6829:2019
6793:link
6757:X.25
6745:HDLC
6734:ARPA
6728:two
6677:HDLC
6671:...
6634:link
6555:2024
6527:2023
6495:2021
6315:2023
6293:2023
6271:2023
6242:2022
6234:News
6216:2021
6183:2021
6152:2020
6087:2019
6046:UCSD
6013:ARIN
5978:2019
5933:2019
5859:2019
5828:link
5813:ARRL
5807:2019
5783:ARRL
5777:ARRL
5759:ISSN
5723:ARRL
5691:ISSN
5655:ARRL
5651:ARRL
5633:ISSN
5588:ARRL
5545:IANA
5491:2019
5414:2019
5360:2019
5295:2019
5246:CIDR
5240:2019
5174:2019
5080:2019
4986:2019
4935:2019
4902:2019
4873:ARIN
4853:2019
4806:2019
4777:size
4729:2019
4679:2019
4625:link
4621:link
4592:ARDC
4586:2019
4574:ARDC
4553:2019
4426:UCSD
4412:VLAN
4397:UFMG
4369:pcap
4321:2019
4280:2019
4242:UCSD
4187:UCSD
4151:(+2
4149:HDDs
4076:HPSS
4044:Gbps
4040:HPSS
4029:pcap
4014:HPSS
3948:GigE
3914:UCSD
3910:flow
3902:CIED
3859:2019
3734:ANIR
3725:and
3713:UCSD
3707:...
3701:UCSD
3594:ANIR
3588:and
3579:UCSD
3550:2019
3524:link
3487:UCSD
3475:UCSD
3443:feed
3439:ARDC
3425:and
3409:ARDC
3394:help
3346:ISBN
3313:2019
3265:UCSD
3225:2019
3167:PCAP
3151:SDSC
3138:pcap
3118:IPv4
3048:pcap
3028:pcap
2951:UCSD
2945:2019
2817:UCSD
2769:2019
2711:UCSD
2701:2019
2636:ucsd
2584:UCSD
2506:link
2428:UCSD
2378:2019
2352:link
2329:UCSD
2282:name
2186:UCSD
2176:2019
2150:link
2106:2022
2031:On
1932:2019
1885:ARPA
1756:UCSD
1750:2019
1527:44/8
1197:for
1124:44.0
1100:ARIN
894:pcap
883:192
879:pcap
871:657
817:Feed
769:mean
759:44/8
642:for
538:or "
395:44.0
336:HSMM
327:and
292:X.25
183:44/8
174:IPv4
159:and
102:and
58:for
46:The
7925:at
7567:doi
7501:'12
7465:'12
7435:UDP
7421:).
7419:'12
7264:sic
7182:TNC
7059:sic
7009:22.
6916:QST
6911:QST
6712:doi
6681:MHz
6614:'s
5750:QST
5682:QST
5281:Apr
4996:BOD
4861:044
4814:044
4489:TiB
4485:TiB
4470:DHS
4172:DoS
4134:Nov
4116:SRI
4018:Sun
4011:IBM
3960:DHS
3952:NSF
3899:NSF
3731:NSF
3727:NMS
3723:NGI
3720:ITO
3648:URB
3641:NCR
3637:NSF
3633:NMS
3590:NMS
3586:NGI
3583:ITO
3479:BGP
3445:of
3433:in
3369:NCR
3365:NSF
3361:NMS
3284:NCR
3280:NSF
3276:NGI
3147:I/O
3100:Dec
3096:Sep
2981:BGP
2886:pps
2882:pps
2849:doi
2729:16M
2647:Min
2626:ACM
2588:DNS
2523:".
2456:UPS
2436:CPU
2385:is
2209:sic
2201:DNS
2135:FCC
2037:NCP
1887:'s
1843:278
1807:183
1773:DHS
1614:MIT
1612:at
1608:on
1554:to
1331:830
1314:456
1234:."
1088:044
1074:044
658:of
542:".
377:n2n
338:or
331:GHz
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269:RFC
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