978:. In contrast to the pictorialist style, they now rejected any kind of manipulation in the photographic process (e.g., soft lens, special developing or printing methods) and tried to use the advantages of the camera as a unique medium for capturing reality. Their motifs were supposed to look as objective as possible. Turning the focus away from classic portraiture and the pictorialist style, the photographers started using their pictures as means for representing the harsh realities of everyday life, but at the same time tried to search for the beauty in the detail or the overall aesthetical structure. Machines and factory work, sky scrapers and technical innovations became prominent motifs. In 1932 some younger photographers (e.g.
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wealth and religion were being challenged. As the social structure was challenged by new incoming views, the bounds of traditional standards and social structure dissolved, and a loss of identity was what remained, translating eventually into isolation, alienation and an overall feeling of separateness from any kind of "whole". The unity of a war-rallied country was dying, along with it the illusion of the pleasantries it sold to its soldiers and people. The world was left violent, vulgar and spiritually empty.
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101:, which influenced some modernist artists, while others were skeptical of the embrace of technology. The victory in World War I confirmed the status of the U.S. as an international player and gave the people self-confidence and a feeling of security. In this context, American modernism marked the beginning of American art as distinct and autonomous from European taste, by breaking artistic conventions that had been shaped after European traditions until then.
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1166:' poems. "Poetry that best fit the aesthetic criteria of the New Critics was emphasized in important classroom teaching anthologies" (Morrisson: 29). T. S. Eliot redefined tradition in his essay "Tradition and the Individual Talent". He formulated such critical concepts as "objective correlative", and rethought the literary canon in his elevation of Jacobean drama and metaphysical poetry. His work had a fundamental influence on New Criticism in America.
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only the biblical scene but can also be seen as an allusion to
African-American religious tradition: the oversized, dark Jesus is bearing his cross, his eyes directed to heaven from which light is cast down onto his followers. Stylized Roman soldiers are flanking the scene with their pointed spears. As a result, the observer is reminded for instance of the African-American gospel tradition but also of a history of suppression.
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The lives of the disillusioned and outcasts became more focal. Ability to define self through hard work and resourcefulness, to create your own vision of yourself without the help of traditional means, became prized. Some authors endorsed this, while others, such as F. Scott
Fitzgerald, challenged how alluring but destructively false the values of privilege can be.
933:, in which he published artists he felt represented the movement. He also ran three galleries one after another, namely "291" (1905â1917), "The Intimate Gallery" (1925â1929) and "An American Place" (1929â1947). Especially 291 served as a meeting point for artists and writers and was the first to exhibit the early modernist art works of European artists, such as
774:, known as the "Mother of American modernism", has been a major figure in American Modernism since the 1920s. She has received widespread recognition, for challenging the boundaries of modern American artistic style. She is chiefly known for paintings of flowers, rocks, shells, animal bones and landscapes in which she synthesized abstraction and representation.
669:, poverty, and social injustice. The social realists protested against the government and the establishment that appeared hypocritical, biased, and indifferent to the matters of human inequalities. Abstraction, landscape and music were popular modernist themes during the first half of the 20th century. Artists like Charles Demuth who created his masterpiece
1014:. The modernist era highlighted innovation in the form and language of poetry and prose, as well as addressing numerous contemporary topics, such as race relations, gender and the human condition. Many American modernists became expatriated in Europe during this time, often becoming stalwarts in the European movement, as was the case for
830:(1899â1979) is one of the best-known and most influential African-American modernist painters. His works contributed strongly to the development of an aesthetic movement that is closely related to distinct features of African-American heritage and culture. Douglas influenced African-American visual arts especially during the
1063:. A related issue is the loss of self and need for self-definition, as workers faded into the background of city life, unnoticed cogs within a machine yearning for self-definition. American modernists echoed the mid-19th-century focus on the attempt to "build a self"âa theme illustrated by Fitzgerald's
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The United States played a great role in the modernism movement concerning new advanced building and construction technologies. Among construction innovations there are such materials as iron, steel and reinforced concrete. Brooklyn Bridge by John and
Washington Roebling (1869â1883) (for more details
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The middle class worker fell into a distinctly unnoticeable position, a cog much too small to hope to find recognition in a much greater machine. Citizens were overcome with their own futility. Youths' dreams shattered with failure and a disillusioning disappointment in recognition of limit and loss.
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The
Modernist American movement was a reflection of American life in the 20th century. In the quickly industrializing world and hastened pace of life, it was easy for the individual to be swallowed up by the vastness of things, left wandering, devoid of purpose. Social boundaries in race, class, sex,
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Modernist
America had to find common ground in a world no longer unified in belief. The unity found lay in the common ground of the shared consciousness within all human experience. The importance of the individual was emphasized; the truly limited nature of the human experience formed a bond across
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American modernist design and architecture enabled people to lead a modern life. Work and family life changed radically and rapidly due to the economic upswing during the 1920s. In the U.S., the car became popular and affordable for many, leisure time and entertainment gained importance and the job
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in 1927. The crucifixion scene that is depicted in the painting shows several elements that constitute
Douglas' art: clear-cut delineation, change of shadows and light, stylized human bodies and geometric figures as concentric circles in contrast to linear forms. The painting's theme resembles not
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were among the key figures of the movement. The movement was connected to a vogue for
African American culture, as seen too in the popularity of Jazz music, with many writers financed by white patrons. Many writers of this movement used modernist techniques to represent African American life, for
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described it as: "Artists who saw my earlier photographs began to tell me that they envied me; that they felt my photographs were superior to their paintings, but that, unfortunately, photography was not an art. I could not understand why the artists should envy me for my work, yet, in the same
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absorbed from his 'lieber Master' (dear master) the German romantic tradition of organic architecture. He developed a new and original approach to residential design before World War I, which became known as the "prairie style." It combined open planning principles with horizontal emphasis,
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from 1937 is a good example of an Arthur Dove abstract landscape and has been referred to as one of the culminating works of his career. Dove did a series of experimental collage works in the 1920s. He also experimented with techniques, combining paints like hand mixed oil or tempera over a
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Modernism bridged the gap between the art and a socially diverse audience in the United States. A growing number of museums and galleries aimed at bringing modernity to the general public. Despite initial resistance to the celebration of progress, technology, and urban life, the visual arts
459:(1878â1962) and through the work of the Whitney Studio Club in 1918. According to Davidson, the beginning of American modernist painting can be dated to the 1910s. The early part of the period lasted 25 years and ended around 1935, when modern art was referred to as, what
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instance incorporating the rhythms of Jazz music and dialects of
African American culture into poetry and prose. Southern modernism similarly represented the life and unique experiences of the South using modernist aesthetics, with celebrated figures including
41:. American modernism is an artistic and cultural movement in the United States beginning at the turn of the 20th century, with a core period between World War I and World War II. Like its European counterpart, American modernism stemmed from a rejection of
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Influenced by the first World War, many
American modernist writers explored the psychological wounds and spiritual scars of the war experience. The economic crisis in America at the beginning of the 1930s also left a mark on literature, such as
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contributed enormously to the self-consciousness and awareness of the
American people. New modernist painting shined a light on the emotional and psychic states of the audience, which was fundamental to the formation of an American identity.
1091:. Nevertheless, all these negative aspects led to new hopes and aspirations, and to the search for a new beginning, not only for the contemporary individuals, but also for the fictional characters in American modernist literature.
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at the end of the '20s and during the '30s disillusioned people about the economic stability of the country and eroded utopianist thinking. The outbreak and the terrors of World War II caused further changes in mentality. The
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1151:. "The influential critical methods these poet-professors developed emphasized the sharpening of close reading skills. New Criticism privileged the evaluation of poetry as the justification of literary scholarship".
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made paintings about social diversity, often taking as a main subject the slum dwellers of industrialized cities. The late 1920s and the 1930s belonged (among many others) to two movements in American painting,
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In his works Wright moved closer and closer to an earth-bound sense of natural form, using rough-hewn stone and timber and aiming always in his houses to achieve an effect of intimate and protective shelter.
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music, as a medium for emotions and moods, and many works dealt with contemporary issues, like feminism and city life. Some artists and theoreticians even added a political dimension to American modernism.
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of art. Art was not only to be dealt with in academies, theaters or concert halls, but to be included in everyday life and accessible for everybody. Furthermore, cultural institutions concentrated on
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American modernism benefited from the diversity of immigrant cultures. Artists were inspired by African, Caribbean, Asian and European folk cultures and embedded these exotic styles in their works.
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As a reaction to this trend, many American authors and poets began a trend of 'nativism', seeking to represent the modern American experience in America. Notable contributors to this trend include
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paintings startled many American viewers who were accustomed to more conventional art. However, inspired by what they saw, many American artists were influenced by the radical and new ideas.
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brought the focus on the modern city, and placed emphasis on the diversity of different classes of citizens. Two of the most significant representatives of The Eight, Robert Henri and
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There is no single date for the beginning of the modern era in America, as dozens of painters were active at the beginning of the 20th century. It was the time when the first
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asymmetrical facade elevations, and broad, sheltering roofs. Robie House in Chicago (1909) and the Guggenheim Museum in New York City (1946â59) are two of his seminal works.
665:. The regionalists focused on the colorfulness of the American landscape and the complexities of country life, whereas the social realists went into the subjects of the
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and southern modernism. The Harlem Renaissance marked a rebirth for African American arts, centralized in the Harlem area of New York. Writers and thinkers such as
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headed the so-called Chicago school of architecture, which was distinct by its development of functional design along with modern materials. Sullivan's follower
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and others went to Europe, notably Paris, to make art. The formation of various artistic assemblies led to the multiplicity of meaning in the visual arts. The
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Professor Emeritus James K. Kettlewell: Harvard, Skidmore College, Curator The Hyde Collection. Foreword to The Treasured Collection of Golden Heart Farm:
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1155:(1938) became one of the most influential college poetry textbooks of the 1930s and was revised and reprinted well into the 1970s. (Morrisson: 29).
957:. Born in America and inspired by the work he saw in Stieglitz' galleries, Ray emigrated to Paris in 1921 and together with artists of the European
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The modernist movement during the formative years was also becoming popular in New York City by 1913 at the popular Manhattan studio gallery of
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The shift of focus and multiplicity of subjects in the visual arts is also a hallmark of American modernist art. Thus, for example, the group
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The early 20th century was marked by the exploration of different techniques and ways of artistic expressiveness. Many American artists like
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became a critical force in the United States. It was the most powerful perspective in American literary criticism. The representatives were
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and scholars paid little attention to the revolutionary styles of modernism. Economic and technological progress in the U.S. during the
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market opened up for women. In order to make life more efficient, designers and architects aimed at the simplification of housework.
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movement in general, is a trend of philosophical thought arising from the widespread changes in culture and society in the age of
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and Mies immigrated to the United States, many American architectural schools went under the influence of the traditions of the
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used a wide range of media, sometimes in unconventional combinations to produce his abstractions and his abstract landscapes.
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during the 1920s played a great role in development of American architecture performing later a style, which got the name of
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At the beginning of American modernism, photography still struggled to be recognized as a form of art. The photographer
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Modernist literature also allowed for the development of regional trends within American literature, including the
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all bridges of race, class, sex, wealth or religion. Society, in this way, found shared meaning, even in disarray.
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Ward, David, and David C. Ward. "Lighting Out for the Territories: American Expatriates, Paris, and Modernism".
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The Biography of Wilhelmina Weber Furlong: The Treasured Collection of Golden Heart Farm by Clint B. Weber,
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art has a tendency to abstraction, is innovative, aesthetic, futuristic and self-referential. It includes
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as well. Sheeler typically painted cityscapes and industrial architecture as exemplified by his painting
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based on the ideals of straight photography, which became the most progressive association of its time.
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era was generally considered characteristic of the art of the late 20th century beginning in the 1980s.
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argues that modernist art excludes "anything outside itself". Others see modernist art, for example in
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and was reflected in the design of corporate office buildings after World War II. Such buildings as
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visualized the industrialized landscape of America in the form of sharp and dynamic geometrization (
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in New York City displayed the contemporary work of European artists, as well as Americans. The
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1229:(1956â58) in New York City are the examples of this new style. When such famous Europeans as
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breath, decry it because it was machine-made." (Stieglitz:8). In 1902, Stieglitz founded the
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The African American Roots of Modernism|James Smethurst|University of North Carolina Press
1069:. Madness and its manifestations seems to be another favorite modernist theme, as seen in
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thinking, seeking to better represent reality in a new, more industrialized world.
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American modernist literature was a dominant trend in American literature between
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Late Modernism by Tyrus Miller - Paperback - University of California Press
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The Nation's Region: Southern Modernism, Segregation, and U.S. Nationalism
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Why Georgia O'Keeffe is the Mother of American Modernism|Sleek Magazine
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Singal, Daniel Joseph. "Towards a Definition of American Modernism".
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painters that inspired generations of artists that followed them.
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In the early 1920s, photographers moved towards what they called
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who was thought of as the mother of American Modernism,
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movements created new photographic techniques such as
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American Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art
969:(placing objects directly on photosensitive paper).
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circle glorified abstract visions of New York City (
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Some see modernism in the tradition of 19th century
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A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
699:Hot Still-Scape for Six Colors â 7th Avenue Style,
224:. Oil on canvas, 41.28 cm Ă 33.34 cm.,
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778:from 1935 is a well known painting by O'Keeffe.
712:Main schools and movements of American modernism
693:and music were improvisationally represented by
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1401:"2012 Essay Prize: Jennifer Stettler Parsons"
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837:One of Douglas' most popular paintings is
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1153:Brooks and Warren's Understanding Poetry
1026:. These writers were often known as the
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267:Form and Light, Motif in West New Jersey
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886:(Marcel Duchamp). 1921. Photograph by
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4843:Cultural history of the United States
4422:Six Characters in Search of an Author
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1399:Shapiro, Emily D. (8 January 2012).
312:Airplane Synchromy in Yellow-Orange,
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3617:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
1504:Duck, Leigh Anne (10 April 2018).
1364:"The Mother of American Modernism"
890:. Art Direction by Marcel Duchamp.
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1444:"The Rise of Consumer Culture"
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1284:
412:" (60.3 Ă 92.4 cm)c. 1929â1930
169:
13:
1:
1588:
1552:Conversations from Penn State
1277:
1131:From the 1930s to the 1960s,
1002:American modernist literature
671:I Saw The Figure Five in Gold
289:
1215:Skidmore, Owings and Merrill
1127:The new criticism in America
681:were closely related to the
246:Portrait of a German Officer
7:
4664:List of avant-garde artists
3641:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
1240:
1197:Foreign-born architects as
909:group with members such as
569:). Eventually artists like
559:Morton Livingston Schamberg
175:American modernist painting
85:, artistic conventions and
10:
4924:
4888:1940s in the United States
4883:1930s in the United States
4878:1920s in the United States
4873:1910s in the United States
4522:Classical Hollywood cinema
1294:39.1 (1987): 7â26. Web ...
893:
756:
178:
48:
4785:
4463:
4304:
4172:
4012:
3761:
3750:
3593:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
3547:
3373:
2933:
2416:
2407:
2284:
2068:
1810:
1801:
1596:
1527:– via Google Books.
826:African-American painter
2378:The Master and Margarita
1223:Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
539:Stanton Macdonald-Wright
457:Wilhelmina Weber Furlong
429:Sidewheel in the Rondout
308:Stanton Macdonald-Wright
97:gave rise to widespread
4671:List of modernist poets
4557:Fourth dimension in art
3733:Meshes of the Afternoon
1035:William Carlos Williams
742:the Philadelphia school
4838:American music history
4833:American art movements
4755:Second Viennese School
4497:
4486:
2390:The Sound and the Fury
2294:In Search of Lost Time
1751:
1680:
1669:
1623:
1612:
1179:/Washington Roebling)
1170:Architecture and space
891:
808:
793:
637:ushered in the era of
4734:Reactionary modernism
4657:List of art movements
919:Clarence Hudson White
880:
873:Modernist photography
799:
784:
745:New York independents
683:Precisionist movement
595:Arthur Beecher Carles
4578:Hanshinkan Modernism
4434:The Threepenny Opera
4350:Pelléas et Mélisande
1183:Louis Henry Sullivan
975:straight photography
862:were also important
748:Chicago and westward
697:, as exemplified by
87:institutionalization
81:. It reacts against
53:Characteristically,
4858:20th century in art
4636:International Style
4386:Afternoon of a Faun
3665:Battleship Potemkin
3569:Mont Sainte-Victoir
1411:on 14 November 2016
1211:international style
1060:The Grapes of Wrath
763:History of painting
623:Marguerite Thompson
599:Alfred Henry Maurer
499:Patrick Henry Bruce
386:Patrick Henry Bruce
195:Alfred Henry Maurer
4515:Buddhist modernism
4472:American modernism
4398:The Rite of Spring
2366:The Sun Also Rises
2342:The Magic Mountain
1431:The Sewanee Review
1292:American Quarterly
1262:Mid-Century modern
1187:Frank Lloyd Wright
1149:Robert Penn Warren
1121:Tennessee Williams
1112:Zora Neale Hurston
1096:Harlem Renaissance
892:
832:Harlem Renaissance
809:
794:
753:Modernist painting
571:Charles Burchfield
125:art for art's sake
31:American modernism
18:American Modernist
4815:
4814:
4543:Experimental film
4459:
4458:
4446:Waiting for Godot
3746:
3745:
2403:
2402:
2306:The Metamorphosis
1448:c250.columbia.edu
1352:978-0-9851601-0-4
1328:978-0-9851601-0-4
1137:John Crowe Ransom
1076:The Emperor Jones
984:Imogen Cunningham
915:Gertrude KĂ€sebier
531:Abraham Walkowitz
392:oil on canvas, 23
371:Figure 5 in Gold,
129:Clement Greenberg
16:(Redirected from
4915:
4807:
4806:
4778:
4776:Vulgar modernism
4771:
4769:Underground film
4764:
4757:
4750:
4743:
4736:
4729:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4694:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4622:
4615:
4608:
4601:
4594:
4592:Hippie modernism
4587:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4508:Bloomsbury Group
4503:
4502:
4492:
4491:
4481:
4474:
4452:
4451:
4440:
4439:
4428:
4427:
4416:
4415:
4404:
4403:
4392:
4391:
4380:
4379:
4368:
4367:
4356:
4355:
4344:
4343:
4332:
4331:
4320:
4319:
4297:
4290:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3893:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3809:
3802:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3774:
3759:
3758:
3739:
3738:
3727:
3726:
3715:
3714:
3705:
3704:
3695:
3694:
3689:Un Chien Andalou
3683:
3682:
3671:
3670:
3659:
3658:
3653:Ballet MĂ©canique
3647:
3646:
3635:
3634:
3623:
3622:
3611:
3610:
3599:
3598:
3587:
3586:
3581:The Starry Night
3575:
3574:
3563:
3562:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3484:
3477:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3366:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3331:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2910:Toulouse-Lautrec
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2414:
2413:
2396:
2395:
2384:
2383:
2372:
2371:
2360:
2359:
2348:
2347:
2336:
2335:
2324:
2323:
2312:
2311:
2300:
2299:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1865:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1808:
1807:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1757:
1756:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1693:
1686:
1685:
1675:
1674:
1671:Der Blaue Reiter
1664:
1657:
1650:
1643:
1636:
1629:
1628:
1618:
1617:
1607:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1560:
1559:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1476:
1470:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1440:
1434:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1407:. Archived from
1396:
1390:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1360:
1354:
1336:
1330:
1312:
1306:
1301:
1295:
1288:
1252:American realism
1227:Seagram Building
1203:Rudolf Schindler
1117:William Faulkner
1088:That Evening Sun
1066:The Great Gatsby
988:Willard Van Dyke
902:Alfred Stieglitz
864:African-American
848:Beauford Delaney
786:Georgia O'Keeffe
772:Georgia O'Keeffe
767:Western painting
739:the Independents
677:(1881â1918) and
675:Morton Schamberg
667:Great Depression
587:Georgia O'Keeffe
509:gathered around
491:Wilhelmina Weber
421:
411:
410:
406:
401:
400:
396:
382:
363:
344:
325:
304:
294:
291:
278:
259:
237:
218:Cosmic Synchromy
210:
191:
181:Western painting
149:Great Depression
95:Roaring Twenties
33:, much like the
21:
4923:
4922:
4918:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4912:
4818:
4817:
4816:
4811:
4802:
4794:
4781:
4774:
4767:
4762:Structural film
4760:
4753:
4746:
4739:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4713:New Objectivity
4711:
4704:
4699:Neo-romanticism
4697:
4692:Neo-primitivism
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4641:
4634:
4627:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4583:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4495:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4455:
4449:
4443:
4437:
4431:
4425:
4419:
4413:
4407:
4401:
4395:
4389:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4347:
4341:
4338:VerklÀrte Nacht
4335:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4311:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3753:
3742:
3736:
3730:
3724:
3718:
3712:
3708:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3686:
3680:
3674:
3668:
3662:
3656:
3650:
3644:
3638:
3632:
3626:
3620:
3614:
3608:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3584:
3578:
3572:
3566:
3560:
3554:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2321:
2315:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2184:Lowell (Robert)
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1797:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1769:
1762:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1689:
1678:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1621:
1610:
1603:
1592:
1587:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1466:
1462:
1452:
1450:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1397:
1393:
1386:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1337:
1333:
1313:
1309:
1302:
1298:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1257:Beat Generation
1247:American Modern
1243:
1207:William Lescaze
1172:
1129:
1108:Langston Hughes
1085:and Faulkner's
1039:Wallace Stevens
1028:Lost Generation
1004:
911:Edward Steichen
907:Photo-Secession
898:
896:Photo-Secession
875:
843:God's Trombones
839:The Crucifixion
816:Me and the Moon
805:Me and the Moon
769:
757:Main articles:
755:
714:
679:Charles Sheeler
643:New York School
631:Arnold Friedman
627:Manierre Dawson
615:Henrietta Shore
607:James Daugherty
575:Marsden Hartley
555:Charles Sheeler
436:
422:
413:
408:
404:
403:
398:
394:
393:
383:
374:
364:
355:
345:
336:
326:
317:
305:
296:
292:
279:
270:
260:
251:
241:Marsden Hartley
238:
229:
211:
202:
199:An Arrangement,
192:
183:
177:
172:
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4921:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4813:
4812:
4795:
4787:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4730:
4723:
4720:Poetic realism
4716:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4650:Late modernity
4646:
4643:Late modernism
4639:
4632:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4595:
4588:
4585:High modernism
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4529:Degenerate art
4525:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4499:Ballets Russes
4493:
4482:
4475:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4453:
4441:
4429:
4417:
4405:
4393:
4381:
4369:
4357:
4345:
4333:
4321:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4298:
4291:
4284:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4178:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4018:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3765:
3756:
3748:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3728:
3716:
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592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
563:Charles Rosen
560:
556:
552:
551:Joseph Stella
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
507:Ashcan School
504:
503:Gerald Murphy
500:
496:
492:
487:
485:
481:
477:
476:Impressionist
473:
468:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
450:non-objective
447:
443:
434:
430:
426:
425:Charles Rosen
420:
415:
391:
387:
381:
376:
372:
368:
362:
357:
353:
349:
343:
338:
334:
330:
324:
319:
316:
313:
309:
303:
298:
287:
286:Improvisation
283:
277:
272:
268:
264:
258:
253:
249:
247:
242:
236:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
209:
204:
200:
196:
190:
185:
184:
182:
167:
165:
164:
163:Postmodernist
159:
155:
150:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
117:
113:
109:
105:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
46:
44:
43:Enlightenment
40:
36:
32:
19:
4908:1940s in art
4903:1930s in art
4898:1920s in art
4893:1910s in art
4796:
4789:
4536:Ecomodernism
4471:
4444:
4432:
4420:
4408:
4396:
4384:
4374:The Firebird
4372:
4360:
4348:
4336:
4324:
4312:
3731:
3721:Citizen Kane
3719:
3710:Fallingwater
3700:Villa Savoye
3687:
3675:
3663:
3651:
3639:
3629:Black Square
3627:
3615:
3603:
3591:
3579:
3567:
3555:
3447:Le Corbusier
3375:Architecture
2388:
2376:
2364:
2354:Mrs Dalloway
2352:
2340:
2328:
2316:
2304:
2292:
2177:Lowell (Amy)
1551:
1541:
1521:. Retrieved
1506:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1484:www.yale.edu
1483:
1474:
1463:
1451:. Retrieved
1447:
1438:
1430:
1425:
1413:. Retrieved
1409:the original
1404:
1394:
1383:
1371:. Retrieved
1367:
1358:
1334:
1310:
1299:
1291:
1286:
1237:in Germany.
1196:
1192:
1181:
1173:
1157:
1152:
1130:
1104:Claude McKay
1093:
1086:
1080:
1074:
1064:
1058:
1051:
1032:
1012:World War II
1005:
973:
971:
947:Paul CĂ©zanne
928:
924:pictorialist
922:
899:
883:Rrose SĂ©lavy
881:
842:
838:
836:
825:
821:wax emulsion
815:
810:
804:
789:
775:
770:
735:Precisionism
707:
703:
698:
695:Stuart Davis
686:
670:
647:
579:Stuart Davis
547:precisionism
515:Robert Henri
488:
469:
454:
446:Precisionism
444:landscapes (
439:
433:Precisionism
428:
389:
370:
352:Lucky Strike
351:
348:Stuart Davis
332:
311:
285:
266:
244:
217:
198:
161:
146:
142:
127:" movement.
121:aestheticism
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
75:architecture
52:
30:
29:
4791:Romanticism
4748:Remodernism
4629:Incoherents
4488:Avant-garde
4479:Armory Show
4086:Maeterlinck
3989:Villa-Lobos
3975:Szymanowski
3954:Stockhausen
3891:LutosĆawski
3609:(1909â1910)
2409:Visual arts
2382:(1928â1940)
2298:(1913â1927)
1821:Apollinaire
1785:Synchromism
1625:Art Nouveau
1221:(1952) and
1219:Lever House
1100:Alain Locke
1082:The Battler
1016:T. S. Eliot
1008:World War I
980:Ansel Adams
930:Camera Work
812:Arthur Dove
801:Arthur Dove
701:from 1940.
659:Regionalism
611:John Covert
583:Arthur Dove
545:), whereas
535:synchromies
519:George Luks
472:Armory Show
465:avant-garde
463:called the
315:Synchromism
293: 1915
222:Synchromism
220:(1913â14),
170:Visual arts
83:historicism
77:as well as
4848:Modern art
4822:Categories
4678:Maximalism
4613:Literature
4288:Wiesenthal
4190:Cunningham
4183:Balanchine
4163:Witkiewicz
4135:Strindberg
4121:Pirandello
4093:Mayakovsky
3968:Stravinsky
3940:Schoenberg
3752:Performing
3677:Metropolis
3468:Mendelsohn
3273:Rossellini
3266:Richardson
3077:Fassbinder
3063:Eisenstein
3000:Cassavetes
2756:Modigliani
2630:Goncharova
2616:Giacometti
2010:Dos Passos
1812:Literature
1771:Surrealism
1682:Die BrĂŒcke
1278:References
1141:Allen Tate
1020:Ezra Pound
996:Group f/64
994:) started
967:rayographs
963:Surrealist
894:See also:
654:John Sloan
625:(Zorach),
591:John Marin
431:, 1920's (
99:utopianism
79:life style
63:literature
59:visual art
4828:Modernism
4727:Pulp noir
4685:Modernity
4550:Film noir
4274:St. Denis
4197:Diaghilev
3933:Schaeffer
3856:Hindemith
3828:Dutilleux
3800:Boulanger
3605:The Dance
3301:Tarkovsky
3294:Sternberg
3126:Hitchcock
3042:Dovzhenko
2958:Antonioni
2903:Stieglitz
2742:Metzinger
2693:Kokoschka
2672:Kandinsky
2086:Aldington
2079:Akhmatova
1996:Marinetti
1989:Mansfield
1940:Hemingway
1778:Symbolism
1597:Movements
1590:Modernism
1554:interview
867:Modernist
759:Modernism
726:Arensberg
719:Stieglitz
673:in 1928,
650:The Eight
639:Modernism
527:Max Weber
523:Stieglitz
470:The 1913
461:Greenberg
390:Painting,
123:and the "
65:, music,
55:modernist
39:modernity
35:modernism
4809:Category
4410:Fountain
4314:Don Juan
4253:Nijinsky
4149:Wedekind
4128:Piscator
4023:Anderson
3947:Scriabin
3863:Honegger
3517:Sullivan
3503:Saarinen
3496:Rietveld
3489:Niemeyer
3461:Melnikov
3391:Bunshaft
3322:Truffaut
3287:Sjöström
3231:Pudovkin
3203:Minnelli
3168:Kurosawa
3161:Kuleshov
3091:Flaherty
2917:Vuillard
2896:Steichen
2854:Rousseau
2819:Pissarro
2798:O'Keeffe
2763:Mondrian
2714:Malevich
2707:Magritte
2679:Kirchner
2623:van Gogh
2574:Doesburg
2553:Delaunay
2546:Delaunay
2469:BrĂąncuÈi
2455:Boccioni
2418:Painting
2268:Williams
2191:Mallarmé
2107:Cendrars
2017:Platonov
1975:Lawrence
1968:Koestler
1905:Flaubert
1898:Faulkner
1863:Bulgakov
1792:Tonalism
1753:De Stijl
1737:Lettrism
1723:Futurism
1614:Art Deco
1523:10 April
1489:10 April
1453:10 April
1415:10 April
1241:See also
154:Post-war
91:fine art
4464:Related
4326:Ubu Roi
4281:Tamiris
4267:Sokolow
4246:Massine
4114:Osborne
4107:O'Neill
4100:O'Casey
4058:Chekhov
4044:Beckett
4030:Anouilh
4014:Theatre
3961:Strauss
3919:Russolo
3898:Milhaud
3877:JanĂĄÄek
3849:GĂłrecki
3842:Feldman
3821:Debussy
3814:Copland
3772:Antheil
3510:Steiner
3433:Johnson
3412:Guimard
3405:Gropius
3252:Resnais
3154:Kubrick
3084:Fellini
3070:Epstein
3056:Edwards
3021:Cocteau
3007:Chaplin
2979:Bresson
2972:Bergman
2951:Aldrich
2944:Akerman
2889:Soutine
2861:Schiele
2812:Picasso
2805:Picabia
2735:Matisse
2609:Gauguin
2581:Duchamp
2539:Kooning
2518:Claudel
2511:Chirico
2504:Chagall
2497:CĂ©zanne
2490:Cassatt
2462:Bonnard
2448:Bellows
2441:Balthus
2318:Ulysses
2240:Stevens
2233:Seferis
2052:Unamuno
1891:Forster
1870:Chekhov
1835:Beckett
1764:Orphism
1730:Imagism
1714:Bauhaus
1700:Fauvism
1605:Acmeism
1373:21 July
1235:Bauhaus
1162:'s and
955:Man Ray
888:Man Ray
641:to the
521:); the
511:realism
495:Man Ray
480:Fauvist
407:⁄
397:⁄
333:Spring,
49:History
4450:(1953)
4438:(1928)
4426:(1921)
4414:(1917)
4402:(1913)
4390:(1912)
4378:(1910)
4366:(1905)
4362:Salome
4354:(1902)
4342:(1899)
4330:(1896)
4318:(1888)
4295:Wigman
4225:Graham
4218:Fuller
4211:Fokine
4204:Duncan
4156:Wilder
4142:Toller
4079:Kaiser
4051:Brecht
4037:Artaud
3996:Webern
3982:VarĂšse
3912:Partch
3884:Ligeti
3807:Boulez
3779:BartĂłk
3737:(1943)
3725:(1941)
3713:(1936)
3703:(1931)
3693:(1929)
3681:(1927)
3669:(1925)
3657:(1923)
3645:(1920)
3633:(1915)
3621:(1912)
3597:(1907)
3585:(1889)
3573:(1887)
3561:(1886)
3538:Wright
3524:Tatlin
3482:Neutra
3384:Breuer
3350:Welles
3336:Vertov
3259:Renoir
3210:Murnau
3196:Marker
3189:Lupino
3147:Keaton
3133:Hubley
3119:Godard
3105:Fuller
3049:Dreyer
3028:Dassin
2986:Buñuel
2882:Sisley
2875:Signac
2868:Seurat
2840:Renoir
2658:Hopper
2560:Demuth
2483:Calder
2476:Braque
2427:Albers
2394:(1929)
2370:(1926)
2358:(1925)
2346:(1924)
2334:(1922)
2322:(1922)
2310:(1915)
2261:Valéry
2247:Thomas
2212:Pessoa
2156:George
2149:Elytis
2142:Ăluard
2128:Desnos
2100:Cavafy
2070:Poetry
2031:Proust
2024:Porter
1926:Hamsun
1884:Döblin
1877:Conrad
1849:Breton
1828:Barnes
1648:Cubism
1514:
1405:si.edu
1350:
1342:
1326:
1318:
1205:, and
949:, and
765:, and
728:circle
689:1948.
565:, and
484:Cubist
442:cubist
354:, 1921
310:1920,
269:(1914)
160:. The
71:design
4620:Post-
4606:Music
4305:Works
4260:Shawn
4239:Laban
4174:Dance
4072:Jarry
4065:Ibsen
4003:Weill
3926:Satie
3835:Falla
3793:Berio
3763:Music
3548:Works
3475:Nervi
3419:Horta
3398:GaudĂ
3357:Wiene
3329:Varda
3315:Trnka
3224:Pabst
3182:Losey
3140:Jones
3112:Gance
3035:Deren
3014:Clair
2993:Carné
2965:Avery
2847:Rodin
2833:Redon
2791:Nolde
2784:Munch
2777:Moore
2770:Monet
2721:Manet
2700:LĂ©ger
2665:Kahlo
2644:Grosz
2602:Ernst
2595:Ensor
2532:Degas
2285:Works
2275:Yeats
2254:Tzara
2226:Rilke
2219:Pound
2198:Moore
2170:Lorca
2163:Jacob
2135:Eliot
2114:Crane
2093:Auden
2059:Woolf
2045:Svevo
2038:Stein
2003:Musil
1961:Kafka
1954:Joyce
1947:Hesse
1933:HaĆĄek
1856:Broch
1691:Music
1164:Yeats
1160:Eliot
721:group
295:â1916
133:blues
4232:Holm
3905:Nono
3870:Ives
3786:Berg
3754:arts
3531:Mies
3454:Loos
3440:Kahn
3364:Wood
3343:Vigo
3308:Tati
3280:Sirk
3175:Lang
3098:Ford
2935:Film
2924:Wood
2749:MirĂł
2728:Marc
2686:Klee
2651:Höch
2637:Gris
2588:Dufy
2525:DalĂ
2205:Owen
2121:H.D.
1982:Mann
1919:Gide
1912:Ford
1842:Bely
1655:Dada
1525:2018
1512:ISBN
1491:2018
1455:2018
1417:2018
1375:2019
1368:SAIC
1348:ISBN
1340:ISBN
1324:ISBN
1316:ISBN
1175:see
1119:and
1110:and
1041:and
1022:and
1010:and
961:and
959:Dada
917:and
858:and
807:1937
792:1935
724:the
717:the
691:Jazz
661:and
633:and
541:and
482:and
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373:1928
335:1921
250:1914
201:1901
147:The
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